logging: dont spawn UI logs across multiple lines

rhodecode/lib/utils.py

@@ -1,779 +1,781 b''
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 
 # Copyright (C) 2010-2018 RhodeCode GmbH
 #
 # This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 # it under the terms of the GNU Affero General Public License, version 3
 # (only), as published by the Free Software Foundation.
 #
 # This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 # GNU General Public License for more details.
 #
 # You should have received a copy of the GNU Affero General Public License
 # along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 #
 # This program is dual-licensed. If you wish to learn more about the
 # RhodeCode Enterprise Edition, including its added features, Support services,
 # and proprietary license terms, please see https://rhodecode.com/licenses/
 
 """
 Utilities library for RhodeCode
 """
 
 import datetime
 import decorator
 import json
 import logging
 import os
 import re
 import shutil
 import tempfile
 import traceback
 import tarfile
 import warnings
 import hashlib
 from os.path import join as jn
 
 import paste
 import pkg_resources
 from webhelpers.text import collapse, remove_formatting, strip_tags
 from mako import exceptions
 from pyramid.threadlocal import get_current_registry
 from pyramid.request import Request
 
 from rhodecode.lib.fakemod import create_module
 from rhodecode.lib.vcs.backends.base import Config
 from rhodecode.lib.vcs.exceptions import VCSError
 from rhodecode.lib.vcs.utils.helpers import get_scm, get_scm_backend
 from rhodecode.lib.utils2 import (
     safe_str, safe_unicode, get_current_rhodecode_user, md5)
 from rhodecode.model import meta
 from rhodecode.model.db import (
     Repository, User, RhodeCodeUi, UserLog, RepoGroup, UserGroup)
 from rhodecode.model.meta import Session
 
 
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 REMOVED_REPO_PAT = re.compile(r'rm__\d{8}_\d{6}_\d{6}__.*')
 
 # String which contains characters that are not allowed in slug names for
 # repositories or repository groups. It is properly escaped to use it in
 # regular expressions.
 SLUG_BAD_CHARS = re.escape('`?=[]\;\'"<>,/~!@#$%^&*()+{}|:')
 
 # Regex that matches forbidden characters in repo/group slugs.
 SLUG_BAD_CHAR_RE = re.compile('[{}]'.format(SLUG_BAD_CHARS))
 
 # Regex that matches allowed characters in repo/group slugs.
 SLUG_GOOD_CHAR_RE = re.compile('[^{}]'.format(SLUG_BAD_CHARS))
 
 # Regex that matches whole repo/group slugs.
 SLUG_RE = re.compile('[^{}]+'.format(SLUG_BAD_CHARS))
 
 _license_cache = None
 
 
 def repo_name_slug(value):
     """
     Return slug of name of repository
     This function is called on each creation/modification
     of repository to prevent bad names in repo
     """
     replacement_char = '-'
 
     slug = remove_formatting(value)
     slug = SLUG_BAD_CHAR_RE.sub('', slug)
     slug = re.sub('[\s]+', '-', slug)
     slug = collapse(slug, replacement_char)
     return slug
 
 
 #==============================================================================
 # PERM DECORATOR HELPERS FOR EXTRACTING NAMES FOR PERM CHECKS
 #==============================================================================
 def get_repo_slug(request):
     _repo = ''
 
     if hasattr(request, 'db_repo'):
         # if our requests has set db reference use it for name, this
         # translates the example.com/_<id> into proper repo names
         _repo = request.db_repo.repo_name
     elif getattr(request, 'matchdict', None):
         # pyramid
         _repo = request.matchdict.get('repo_name')
 
     if _repo:
         _repo = _repo.rstrip('/')
     return _repo
 
 
 def get_repo_group_slug(request):
     _group = ''
     if hasattr(request, 'db_repo_group'):
         # if our requests has set db reference use it for name, this
         # translates the example.com/_<id> into proper repo group names
         _group = request.db_repo_group.group_name
     elif getattr(request, 'matchdict', None):
         # pyramid
         _group = request.matchdict.get('repo_group_name')
 
 
     if _group:
         _group = _group.rstrip('/')
     return _group
 
 
 def get_user_group_slug(request):
     _user_group = ''
 
     if hasattr(request, 'db_user_group'):
         _user_group = request.db_user_group.users_group_name
     elif getattr(request, 'matchdict', None):
         # pyramid
         _user_group = request.matchdict.get('user_group_id')
         _user_group_name = request.matchdict.get('user_group_name')
         try:
             if _user_group:
                 _user_group = UserGroup.get(_user_group)
             elif _user_group_name:
                 _user_group = UserGroup.get_by_group_name(_user_group_name)
 
             if _user_group:
                 _user_group = _user_group.users_group_name
         except Exception:
             log.exception('Failed to get user group by id and name')
             # catch all failures here
             return None
 
     return _user_group
 
 
 def get_filesystem_repos(path, recursive=False, skip_removed_repos=True):
     """
     Scans given path for repos and return (name,(type,path)) tuple
 
     :param path: path to scan for repositories
     :param recursive: recursive search and return names with subdirs in front
     """
 
     # remove ending slash for better results
     path = path.rstrip(os.sep)
     log.debug('now scanning in %s location recursive:%s...', path, recursive)
 
     def _get_repos(p):
         dirpaths = _get_dirpaths(p)
         if not _is_dir_writable(p):
             log.warning('repo path without write access: %s', p)
 
         for dirpath in dirpaths:
             if os.path.isfile(os.path.join(p, dirpath)):
                 continue
             cur_path = os.path.join(p, dirpath)
 
             # skip removed repos
             if skip_removed_repos and REMOVED_REPO_PAT.match(dirpath):
                 continue
 
             #skip .<somethin> dirs
             if dirpath.startswith('.'):
                 continue
 
             try:
                 scm_info = get_scm(cur_path)
                 yield scm_info[1].split(path, 1)[-1].lstrip(os.sep), scm_info
             except VCSError:
                 if not recursive:
                     continue
                 #check if this dir containts other repos for recursive scan
                 rec_path = os.path.join(p, dirpath)
                 if os.path.isdir(rec_path):
                     for inner_scm in _get_repos(rec_path):
                         yield inner_scm
 
     return _get_repos(path)
 
 
 def _get_dirpaths(p):
     try:
         # OS-independable way of checking if we have at least read-only
         # access or not.
         dirpaths = os.listdir(p)
     except OSError:
         log.warning('ignoring repo path without read access: %s', p)
         return []
 
     # os.listpath has a tweak: If a unicode is passed into it, then it tries to
     # decode paths and suddenly returns unicode objects itself. The items it
     # cannot decode are returned as strings and cause issues.
     #
     # Those paths are ignored here until a solid solution for path handling has
     # been built.
     expected_type = type(p)
 
     def _has_correct_type(item):
         if type(item) is not expected_type:
             log.error(
                 u"Ignoring path %s since it cannot be decoded into unicode.",
                 # Using "repr" to make sure that we see the byte value in case
                 # of support.
                 repr(item))
             return False
         return True
 
     dirpaths = [item for item in dirpaths if _has_correct_type(item)]
 
     return dirpaths
 
 
 def _is_dir_writable(path):
     """
     Probe if `path` is writable.
 
     Due to trouble on Cygwin / Windows, this is actually probing if it is
     possible to create a file inside of `path`, stat does not produce reliable
     results in this case.
     """
     try:
         with tempfile.TemporaryFile(dir=path):
             pass
     except OSError:
         return False
     return True
 
 
 def is_valid_repo(repo_name, base_path, expect_scm=None, explicit_scm=None, config=None):
     """
     Returns True if given path is a valid repository False otherwise.
     If expect_scm param is given also, compare if given scm is the same
     as expected from scm parameter. If explicit_scm is given don't try to
     detect the scm, just use the given one to check if repo is valid
 
     :param repo_name:
     :param base_path:
     :param expect_scm:
     :param explicit_scm:
     :param config:
 
     :return True: if given path is a valid repository
     """
     full_path = os.path.join(safe_str(base_path), safe_str(repo_name))
     log.debug('Checking if `%s` is a valid path for repository. '
               'Explicit type: %s', repo_name, explicit_scm)
 
     try:
         if explicit_scm:
             detected_scms = [get_scm_backend(explicit_scm)(
                 full_path, config=config).alias]
         else:
             detected_scms = get_scm(full_path)
 
         if expect_scm:
             return detected_scms[0] == expect_scm
         log.debug('path: %s is an vcs object:%s', full_path, detected_scms)
         return True
     except VCSError:
         log.debug('path: %s is not a valid repo !', full_path)
         return False
 
 
 def is_valid_repo_group(repo_group_name, base_path, skip_path_check=False):
     """
     Returns True if given path is a repository group, False otherwise
 
     :param repo_name:
     :param base_path:
     """
     full_path = os.path.join(safe_str(base_path), safe_str(repo_group_name))
     log.debug('Checking if `%s` is a valid path for repository group',
               repo_group_name)
 
     # check if it's not a repo
     if is_valid_repo(repo_group_name, base_path):
         log.debug('Repo called %s exist, it is not a valid '
                   'repo group' % repo_group_name)
         return False
 
     try:
         # we need to check bare git repos at higher level
         # since we might match branches/hooks/info/objects or possible
         # other things inside bare git repo
         scm_ = get_scm(os.path.dirname(full_path))
         log.debug('path: %s is a vcs object:%s, not valid '
                   'repo group' % (full_path, scm_))
         return False
     except VCSError:
         pass
 
     # check if it's a valid path
     if skip_path_check or os.path.isdir(full_path):
         log.debug('path: %s is a valid repo group !', full_path)
         return True
 
     log.debug('path: %s is not a valid repo group !', full_path)
     return False
 
 
 def ask_ok(prompt, retries=4, complaint='[y]es or [n]o please!'):
     while True:
         ok = raw_input(prompt)
         if ok.lower() in ('y', 'ye', 'yes'):
             return True
         if ok.lower() in ('n', 'no', 'nop', 'nope'):
             return False
         retries = retries - 1
         if retries < 0:
             raise IOError
         print(complaint)
 
 # propagated from mercurial documentation
 ui_sections = [
     'alias', 'auth',
     'decode/encode', 'defaults',
     'diff', 'email',
     'extensions', 'format',
     'merge-patterns', 'merge-tools',
     'hooks', 'http_proxy',
     'smtp', 'patch',
     'paths', 'profiling',
     'server', 'trusted',
     'ui', 'web', ]
 
 
 def config_data_from_db(clear_session=True, repo=None):
     """
     Read the configuration data from the database and return configuration
     tuples.
     """
     from rhodecode.model.settings import VcsSettingsModel
 
     config = []
 
     sa = meta.Session()
     settings_model = VcsSettingsModel(repo=repo, sa=sa)
 
     ui_settings = settings_model.get_ui_settings()
 
+    ui_data = []
     for setting in ui_settings:
         if setting.active:
-            log.debug(
-                'settings ui from db: [%s] %s=%s',
-                setting.section, setting.key, setting.value)
+            ui_data.append((setting.section, setting.key, setting.value))
             config.append((
                 safe_str(setting.section), safe_str(setting.key),
                 safe_str(setting.value)))
         if setting.key == 'push_ssl':
             # force set push_ssl requirement to False, rhodecode
             # handles that
             config.append((
                 safe_str(setting.section), safe_str(setting.key), False))
+    log.debug(
+        'settings ui from db: %s',
+        ','.join(map(lambda s: '[{}] {}={}'.format(*s), ui_data)))
     if clear_session:
         meta.Session.remove()
 
     # TODO: mikhail: probably it makes no sense to re-read hooks information.
     # It's already there and activated/deactivated
     skip_entries = []
     enabled_hook_classes = get_enabled_hook_classes(ui_settings)
     if 'pull' not in enabled_hook_classes:
         skip_entries.append(('hooks', RhodeCodeUi.HOOK_PRE_PULL))
     if 'push' not in enabled_hook_classes:
         skip_entries.append(('hooks', RhodeCodeUi.HOOK_PRE_PUSH))
         skip_entries.append(('hooks', RhodeCodeUi.HOOK_PRETX_PUSH))
         skip_entries.append(('hooks', RhodeCodeUi.HOOK_PUSH_KEY))
 
     config = [entry for entry in config if entry[:2] not in skip_entries]
 
     return config
 
 
 def make_db_config(clear_session=True, repo=None):
     """
     Create a :class:`Config` instance based on the values in the database.
     """
     config = Config()
     config_data = config_data_from_db(clear_session=clear_session, repo=repo)
     for section, option, value in config_data:
         config.set(section, option, value)
     return config
 
 
 def get_enabled_hook_classes(ui_settings):
     """
     Return the enabled hook classes.
 
     :param ui_settings: List of ui_settings as returned
         by :meth:`VcsSettingsModel.get_ui_settings`
 
     :return: a list with the enabled hook classes. The order is not guaranteed.
     :rtype: list
     """
     enabled_hooks = []
     active_hook_keys = [
         key for section, key, value, active in ui_settings
         if section == 'hooks' and active]
 
     hook_names = {
         RhodeCodeUi.HOOK_PUSH: 'push',
         RhodeCodeUi.HOOK_PULL: 'pull',
         RhodeCodeUi.HOOK_REPO_SIZE: 'repo_size'
     }
 
     for key in active_hook_keys:
         hook = hook_names.get(key)
         if hook:
             enabled_hooks.append(hook)
 
     return enabled_hooks
 
 
 def set_rhodecode_config(config):
     """
     Updates pyramid config with new settings from database
 
     :param config:
     """
     from rhodecode.model.settings import SettingsModel
     app_settings = SettingsModel().get_all_settings()
 
     for k, v in app_settings.items():
         config[k] = v
 
 
 def get_rhodecode_realm():
     """
     Return the rhodecode realm from database.
     """
     from rhodecode.model.settings import SettingsModel
     realm = SettingsModel().get_setting_by_name('realm')
     return safe_str(realm.app_settings_value)
 
 
 def get_rhodecode_base_path():
     """
     Returns the base path. The base path is the filesystem path which points
     to the repository store.
     """
     from rhodecode.model.settings import SettingsModel
     paths_ui = SettingsModel().get_ui_by_section_and_key('paths', '/')
     return safe_str(paths_ui.ui_value)
 
 
 def map_groups(path):
     """
     Given a full path to a repository, create all nested groups that this
     repo is inside. This function creates parent-child relationships between
     groups and creates default perms for all new groups.
 
     :param paths: full path to repository
     """
     from rhodecode.model.repo_group import RepoGroupModel
     sa = meta.Session()
     groups = path.split(Repository.NAME_SEP)
     parent = None
     group = None
 
     # last element is repo in nested groups structure
     groups = groups[:-1]
     rgm = RepoGroupModel(sa)
     owner = User.get_first_super_admin()
     for lvl, group_name in enumerate(groups):
         group_name = '/'.join(groups[:lvl] + [group_name])
         group = RepoGroup.get_by_group_name(group_name)
         desc = '%s group' % group_name
 
         # skip folders that are now removed repos
         if REMOVED_REPO_PAT.match(group_name):
             break
 
         if group is None:
             log.debug('creating group level: %s group_name: %s',
                        lvl, group_name)
             group = RepoGroup(group_name, parent)
             group.group_description = desc
             group.user = owner
             sa.add(group)
             perm_obj = rgm._create_default_perms(group)
             sa.add(perm_obj)
             sa.flush()
 
         parent = group
     return group
 
 
 def repo2db_mapper(initial_repo_list, remove_obsolete=False):
     """
     maps all repos given in initial_repo_list, non existing repositories
     are created, if remove_obsolete is True it also checks for db entries
     that are not in initial_repo_list and removes them.
 
     :param initial_repo_list: list of repositories found by scanning methods
     :param remove_obsolete: check for obsolete entries in database
     """
     from rhodecode.model.repo import RepoModel
     from rhodecode.model.scm import ScmModel
     from rhodecode.model.repo_group import RepoGroupModel
     from rhodecode.model.settings import SettingsModel
 
     sa = meta.Session()
     repo_model = RepoModel()
     user = User.get_first_super_admin()
     added = []
 
     # creation defaults
     defs = SettingsModel().get_default_repo_settings(strip_prefix=True)
     enable_statistics = defs.get('repo_enable_statistics')
     enable_locking = defs.get('repo_enable_locking')
     enable_downloads = defs.get('repo_enable_downloads')
     private = defs.get('repo_private')
 
     for name, repo in initial_repo_list.items():
         group = map_groups(name)
         unicode_name = safe_unicode(name)
         db_repo = repo_model.get_by_repo_name(unicode_name)
         # found repo that is on filesystem not in RhodeCode database
         if not db_repo:
             log.info('repository %s not found, creating now', name)
             added.append(name)
             desc = (repo.description
                     if repo.description != 'unknown'
                     else '%s repository' % name)
 
             db_repo = repo_model._create_repo(
                 repo_name=name,
                 repo_type=repo.alias,
                 description=desc,
                 repo_group=getattr(group, 'group_id', None),
                 owner=user,
                 enable_locking=enable_locking,
                 enable_downloads=enable_downloads,
                 enable_statistics=enable_statistics,
                 private=private,
                 state=Repository.STATE_CREATED
             )
             sa.commit()
             # we added that repo just now, and make sure we updated server info
             if db_repo.repo_type == 'git':
                 git_repo = db_repo.scm_instance()
                 # update repository server-info
                 log.debug('Running update server info')
                 git_repo._update_server_info()
 
             db_repo.update_commit_cache()
 
         config = db_repo._config
         config.set('extensions', 'largefiles', '')
         ScmModel().install_hooks(
             db_repo.scm_instance(config=config),
             repo_type=db_repo.repo_type)
 
     removed = []
     if remove_obsolete:
         # remove from database those repositories that are not in the filesystem
         for repo in sa.query(Repository).all():
             if repo.repo_name not in initial_repo_list.keys():
                 log.debug("Removing non-existing repository found in db `%s`",
                           repo.repo_name)
                 try:
                     RepoModel(sa).delete(repo, forks='detach', fs_remove=False)
                     sa.commit()
                     removed.append(repo.repo_name)
                 except Exception:
                     # don't hold further removals on error
                     log.error(traceback.format_exc())
                     sa.rollback()
 
         def splitter(full_repo_name):
             _parts = full_repo_name.rsplit(RepoGroup.url_sep(), 1)
             gr_name = None
             if len(_parts) == 2:
                 gr_name = _parts[0]
             return gr_name
 
         initial_repo_group_list = [splitter(x) for x in
                                    initial_repo_list.keys() if splitter(x)]
 
         # remove from database those repository groups that are not in the
         # filesystem due to parent child relationships we need to delete them
         # in a specific order of most nested first
         all_groups = [x.group_name for x in sa.query(RepoGroup).all()]
         nested_sort = lambda gr: len(gr.split('/'))
         for group_name in sorted(all_groups, key=nested_sort, reverse=True):
             if group_name not in initial_repo_group_list:
                 repo_group = RepoGroup.get_by_group_name(group_name)
                 if (repo_group.children.all() or
                     not RepoGroupModel().check_exist_filesystem(
                         group_name=group_name, exc_on_failure=False)):
                     continue
 
                 log.info(
                     'Removing non-existing repository group found in db `%s`',
                     group_name)
                 try:
                     RepoGroupModel(sa).delete(group_name, fs_remove=False)
                     sa.commit()
                     removed.append(group_name)
                 except Exception:
                     # don't hold further removals on error
                     log.exception(
                         'Unable to remove repository group `%s`',
                         group_name)
                     sa.rollback()
                     raise
 
     return added, removed
 
 
 def load_rcextensions(root_path):
     import rhodecode
     from rhodecode.config import conf
 
     path = os.path.join(root_path, 'rcextensions', '__init__.py')
     if os.path.isfile(path):
         rcext = create_module('rc', path)
         EXT = rhodecode.EXTENSIONS = rcext
         log.debug('Found rcextensions now loading %s...', rcext)
 
         # Additional mappings that are not present in the pygments lexers
         conf.LANGUAGES_EXTENSIONS_MAP.update(getattr(EXT, 'EXTRA_MAPPINGS', {}))
 
         # auto check if the module is not missing any data, set to default if is
         # this will help autoupdate new feature of rcext module
         #from rhodecode.config import rcextensions
         #for k in dir(rcextensions):
         #    if not k.startswith('_') and not hasattr(EXT, k):
         #        setattr(EXT, k, getattr(rcextensions, k))
 
 
 def get_custom_lexer(extension):
     """
     returns a custom lexer if it is defined in rcextensions module, or None
     if there's no custom lexer defined
     """
     import rhodecode
     from pygments import lexers
 
     # custom override made by RhodeCode
     if extension in ['mako']:
         return lexers.get_lexer_by_name('html+mako')
 
     # check if we didn't define this extension as other lexer
     extensions = rhodecode.EXTENSIONS and getattr(rhodecode.EXTENSIONS, 'EXTRA_LEXERS', None)
     if extensions and extension in rhodecode.EXTENSIONS.EXTRA_LEXERS:
         _lexer_name = rhodecode.EXTENSIONS.EXTRA_LEXERS[extension]
         return lexers.get_lexer_by_name(_lexer_name)
 
 
 #==============================================================================
 # TEST FUNCTIONS AND CREATORS
 #==============================================================================
 def create_test_index(repo_location, config):
     """
     Makes default test index.
     """
     import rc_testdata
 
     rc_testdata.extract_search_index(
         'vcs_search_index', os.path.dirname(config['search.location']))
 
 
 def create_test_directory(test_path):
     """
     Create test directory if it doesn't exist.
     """
     if not os.path.isdir(test_path):
         log.debug('Creating testdir %s', test_path)
         os.makedirs(test_path)
 
 
 def create_test_database(test_path, config):
     """
     Makes a fresh database.
     """
     from rhodecode.lib.db_manage import DbManage
 
     # PART ONE create db
     dbconf = config['sqlalchemy.db1.url']
     log.debug('making test db %s', dbconf)
 
     dbmanage = DbManage(log_sql=False, dbconf=dbconf, root=config['here'],
                         tests=True, cli_args={'force_ask': True})
     dbmanage.create_tables(override=True)
     dbmanage.set_db_version()
     # for tests dynamically set new root paths based on generated content
     dbmanage.create_settings(dbmanage.config_prompt(test_path))
     dbmanage.create_default_user()
     dbmanage.create_test_admin_and_users()
     dbmanage.create_permissions()
     dbmanage.populate_default_permissions()
     Session().commit()
 
 
 def create_test_repositories(test_path, config):
     """
     Creates test repositories in the temporary directory. Repositories are
     extracted from archives within the rc_testdata package.
     """
     import rc_testdata
     from rhodecode.tests import HG_REPO, GIT_REPO, SVN_REPO
 
     log.debug('making test vcs repositories')
 
     idx_path = config['search.location']
     data_path = config['cache_dir']
 
     # clean index and data
     if idx_path and os.path.exists(idx_path):
         log.debug('remove %s', idx_path)
         shutil.rmtree(idx_path)
 
     if data_path and os.path.exists(data_path):
         log.debug('remove %s', data_path)
         shutil.rmtree(data_path)
 
     rc_testdata.extract_hg_dump('vcs_test_hg', jn(test_path, HG_REPO))
     rc_testdata.extract_git_dump('vcs_test_git', jn(test_path, GIT_REPO))
 
     # Note: Subversion is in the process of being integrated with the system,
     # until we have a properly packed version of the test svn repository, this
     # tries to copy over the repo from a package "rc_testdata"
     svn_repo_path = rc_testdata.get_svn_repo_archive()
     with tarfile.open(svn_repo_path) as tar:
         tar.extractall(jn(test_path, SVN_REPO))
 
 
 def password_changed(auth_user, session):
     # Never report password change in case of default user or anonymous user.
     if auth_user.username == User.DEFAULT_USER or auth_user.user_id is None:
         return False
 
     password_hash = md5(auth_user.password) if auth_user.password else None
     rhodecode_user = session.get('rhodecode_user', {})
     session_password_hash = rhodecode_user.get('password', '')
     return password_hash != session_password_hash
 
 
 def read_opensource_licenses():
     global _license_cache
 
     if not _license_cache:
         licenses = pkg_resources.resource_string(
             'rhodecode', 'config/licenses.json')
         _license_cache = json.loads(licenses)
 
     return _license_cache
 
 
 def generate_platform_uuid():
     """
     Generates platform UUID based on it's name
     """
     import platform
 
     try:
         uuid_list = [platform.platform()]
         return hashlib.sha256(':'.join(uuid_list)).hexdigest()
     except Exception as e:
         log.error('Failed to generate host uuid: %s' % e)
         return 'UNDEFINED'