IPython/core/displayhook.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""Displayhook for IPython.

Authors:

* Fernando Perez
* Brian Granger
"""

#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#       Copyright (C) 2008-2010 The IPython Development Team
#       Copyright (C) 2001-2007 Fernando Perez <[e-mail]>
#
#  Distributed under the terms of the BSD License.  The full license is in
#  the file COPYING, distributed as part of this software.
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Imports
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

import __builtin__
from pprint import PrettyPrinter
pformat = PrettyPrinter().pformat

from IPython.config.configurable import Configurable
from IPython.core import prompts
import IPython.utils.generics
import IPython.utils.io
from IPython.utils.traitlets import Instance, Int
from IPython.utils.warn import warn

#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Main displayhook class
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

# TODO: The DisplayHook class should be split into two classes, one that
# manages the prompts and their synchronization and another that just does the
# displayhook logic and calls into the prompt manager.

# TODO: Move the various attributes (cache_size, colors, input_sep,
# output_sep, output_sep2, ps1, ps2, ps_out, pad_left). Some of these are also
# attributes of InteractiveShell. They should be on ONE object only and the
# other objects should ask that one object for their values.

class DisplayHook(Configurable):
    """The custom IPython displayhook to replace sys.displayhook.

    This class does many things, but the basic idea is that it is a callable
    that gets called anytime user code returns a value.

    Currently this class does more than just the displayhook logic and that
    extra logic should eventually be moved out of here.
    """

    shell = Instance('IPython.core.interactiveshell.InteractiveShellABC')
    # Each call to the In[] prompt raises it by 1, even the first.
    prompt_count = Int(0)

    def __init__(self, shell=None, cache_size=1000,
                 colors='NoColor', input_sep='\n',
                 output_sep='\n', output_sep2='',
                 ps1 = None, ps2 = None, ps_out = None, pad_left=True,
                 config=None):
        super(DisplayHook, self).__init__(shell=shell, config=config)

        cache_size_min = 3
        if cache_size <= 0:
            self.do_full_cache = 0
            cache_size = 0
        elif cache_size < cache_size_min:
            self.do_full_cache = 0
            cache_size = 0
            warn('caching was disabled (min value for cache size is %s).' %
                 cache_size_min,level=3)
        else:
            self.do_full_cache = 1

        self.cache_size = cache_size
        self.input_sep = input_sep

        # we need a reference to the user-level namespace
        self.shell = shell

        # Set input prompt strings and colors
        if cache_size == 0:
            if ps1.find('%n') > -1 or ps1.find(r'\#') > -1 \
                   or ps1.find(r'\N') > -1:
                ps1 = '>>> '
            if ps2.find('%n') > -1 or ps2.find(r'\#') > -1 \
                   or ps2.find(r'\N') > -1:
                ps2 = '... '
        self.ps1_str = self._set_prompt_str(ps1,'In [\\#]: ','>>> ')
        self.ps2_str = self._set_prompt_str(ps2,'   .\\D.: ','... ')
        self.ps_out_str = self._set_prompt_str(ps_out,'Out[\\#]: ','')

        self.color_table = prompts.PromptColors
        self.prompt1 = prompts.Prompt1(self,sep=input_sep,prompt=self.ps1_str,
                               pad_left=pad_left)
        self.prompt2 = prompts.Prompt2(self,prompt=self.ps2_str,pad_left=pad_left)
        self.prompt_out = prompts.PromptOut(self,sep='',prompt=self.ps_out_str,
                                    pad_left=pad_left)
        self.set_colors(colors)

        # Store the last prompt string each time, we need it for aligning
        # continuation and auto-rewrite prompts
        self.last_prompt = ''
        self.output_sep = output_sep
        self.output_sep2 = output_sep2
        self._,self.__,self.___ = '','',''
        self.pprint_types = map(type,[(),[],{}])

        # these are deliberately global:
        to_user_ns = {'_':self._,'__':self.__,'___':self.___}
        self.shell.user_ns.update(to_user_ns)

    def _set_prompt_str(self,p_str,cache_def,no_cache_def):
        if p_str is None:
            if self.do_full_cache:
                return cache_def
            else:
                return no_cache_def
        else:
            return p_str
                
    def set_colors(self, colors):
        """Set the active color scheme and configure colors for the three
        prompt subsystems."""

        # FIXME: This modifying of the global prompts.prompt_specials needs
        # to be fixed. We need to refactor all of the prompts stuff to use
        # proper configuration and traits notifications.
        if colors.lower()=='nocolor':
            prompts.prompt_specials = prompts.prompt_specials_nocolor
        else:
            prompts.prompt_specials = prompts.prompt_specials_color
        
        self.color_table.set_active_scheme(colors)
        self.prompt1.set_colors()
        self.prompt2.set_colors()
        self.prompt_out.set_colors()

    #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
    # Methods used in __call__. Override these methods to modify the behavior
    # of the displayhook.
    #-------------------------------------------------------------------------

    def check_for_underscore(self):
        """Check if the user has set the '_' variable by hand."""
        # If something injected a '_' variable in __builtin__, delete
        # ipython's automatic one so we don't clobber that.  gettext() in
        # particular uses _, so we need to stay away from it.
        if '_' in __builtin__.__dict__:
            try:
                del self.shell.user_ns['_']
            except KeyError:
                pass

    def quiet(self):
        """Should we silence the display hook because of ';'?"""
        # do not print output if input ends in ';'
        try:
            if self.shell.input_hist[self.prompt_count].endswith(';\n'):
                return True
        except IndexError:
            # some uses of ipshellembed may fail here
            pass
        return False

    def start_displayhook(self):
        """Start the displayhook, initializing resources."""
        pass

    def write_output_prompt(self):
        """Write the output prompt."""
        # Use write, not print which adds an extra space.
        IPython.utils.io.Term.cout.write(self.output_sep)
        outprompt = str(self.prompt_out)
        if self.do_full_cache:
            IPython.utils.io.Term.cout.write(outprompt)

    # TODO: Make this method an extension point. The previous implementation
    # has both a result_display hook as well as a result_display generic
    # function to customize the repr on a per class basis. We need to rethink
    # the hooks mechanism before doing this though.
    def compute_result_repr(self, result):
        """Compute and return the repr of the object to be displayed.

        This method only compute the string form of the repr and should NOT
        actual print or write that to a stream. This method may also transform
        the result itself, but the default implementation passes the original
        through.
        """
        try:
            if self.shell.pprint:
                try:
                    result_repr = pformat(result)
                except:
                    # Work around possible bugs in pformat
                    result_repr = repr(result)
                if '\n' in result_repr:
                    # So that multi-line strings line up with the left column of
                    # the screen, instead of having the output prompt mess up
                    # their first line.
                    result_repr = '\n' + result_repr
            else:
                result_repr = repr(result)
        except TypeError:
            # This happens when result.__repr__ doesn't return a string,
            # such as when it returns None.
            result_repr = '\n'
        return result, result_repr

    def write_result_repr(self, result_repr):
        # We want to print because we want to always make sure we have a 
        # newline, even if all the prompt separators are ''. This is the
        # standard IPython behavior.
        print >>IPython.utils.io.Term.cout, result_repr

    def update_user_ns(self, result):
        """Update user_ns with various things like _, __, _1, etc."""

        # Avoid recursive reference when displaying _oh/Out
        if result is not self.shell.user_ns['_oh']:
            if len(self.shell.user_ns['_oh']) >= self.cache_size and self.do_full_cache:
                warn('Output cache limit (currently '+
                      `self.cache_size`+' entries) hit.\n'
                     'Flushing cache and resetting history counter...\n'
                     'The only history variables available will be _,__,___ and _1\n'
                     'with the current result.')

                self.flush()
            # Don't overwrite '_' and friends if '_' is in __builtin__ (otherwise
            # we cause buggy behavior for things like gettext).
            if '_' not in __builtin__.__dict__:
                self.___ = self.__
                self.__ = self._
                self._ = result
                self.shell.user_ns.update({'_':self._,'__':self.__,'___':self.___})

            # hackish access to top-level  namespace to create _1,_2... dynamically
            to_main = {}
            if self.do_full_cache:
                new_result = '_'+`self.prompt_count`
                to_main[new_result] = result
                self.shell.user_ns.update(to_main)
                self.shell.user_ns['_oh'][self.prompt_count] = result

    def log_output(self, result):
        """Log the output."""
        if self.shell.logger.log_output:
            self.shell.logger.log_write(repr(result),'output')

    def finish_displayhook(self):
        """Finish up all displayhook activities."""
        IPython.utils.io.Term.cout.write(self.output_sep2)
        IPython.utils.io.Term.cout.flush()

    def __call__(self, result=None):
        """Printing with history cache management.
        
        This is invoked everytime the interpreter needs to print, and is
        activated by setting the variable sys.displayhook to it.
        """
        self.check_for_underscore()
        if result is not None and not self.quiet():
            self.start_displayhook()
            self.write_output_prompt()
            result, result_repr = self.compute_result_repr(result)
            self.write_result_repr(result_repr)
            self.update_user_ns(result)
            self.log_output(result)
            self.finish_displayhook()

    def flush(self):
        if not self.do_full_cache:
            raise ValueError,"You shouldn't have reached the cache flush "\
                  "if full caching is not enabled!"
        # delete auto-generated vars from global namespace
        
        for n in range(1,self.prompt_count + 1):
            key = '_'+`n`
            try:
                del self.shell.user_ns[key]
            except: pass
        self.shell.user_ns['_oh'].clear()
        
        if '_' not in __builtin__.__dict__:
            self.shell.user_ns.update({'_':None,'__':None, '___':None})
        import gc
        gc.collect() # xxx needed?