IPython/nbconvert/exporters/exporter.py

"""This module defines Exporter, a highly configurable converter
that uses Jinja2 to export notebook files into different formats.
"""

#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Copyright (c) 2013, the IPython Development Team.
#
# Distributed under the terms of the Modified BSD License.
#
# The full license is in the file COPYING.txt, distributed with this software.
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Imports
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

from __future__ import print_function, absolute_import

# Stdlib imports
import io
import os
import copy
import collections
import datetime


# IPython imports
from IPython.config.configurable import LoggingConfigurable
from IPython.config import Config
from IPython.nbformat import current as nbformat
from IPython.utils.traitlets import MetaHasTraits, Unicode, List
from IPython.utils.importstring import import_item
from IPython.utils import text, py3compat

from IPython.nbconvert import preprocessors as nbpreprocessors


#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Class
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------

class ResourcesDict(collections.defaultdict):
    def __missing__(self, key):
        return ''


class Exporter(LoggingConfigurable):
    """
    Class containing methods that sequentially run a list of preprocessors on a 
    NotebookNode object and then return the modified NotebookNode object and 
    accompanying resources dict.
    """

    file_extension = Unicode(
        'txt', config=True,
        help="Extension of the file that should be written to disk"
        )

    #Configurability, allows the user to easily add filters and preprocessors.
    preprocessors = List(config=True,
        help="""List of preprocessors, by name or namespace, to enable.""")

    _preprocessors = None

    default_preprocessors = List(['IPython.nbconvert.preprocessors.coalesce_streams',
                                  'IPython.nbconvert.preprocessors.SVG2PDFPreprocessor',
                                  'IPython.nbconvert.preprocessors.ExtractOutputPreprocessor',
                                  'IPython.nbconvert.preprocessors.CSSHTMLHeaderPreprocessor',
                                  'IPython.nbconvert.preprocessors.RevealHelpPreprocessor',
                                  'IPython.nbconvert.preprocessors.LatexPreprocessor',
                                  'IPython.nbconvert.preprocessors.HighlightMagicsPreprocessor'],
        config=True,
        help="""List of preprocessors available by default, by name, namespace, 
        instance, or type.""")


    def __init__(self, config=None, **kw):
        """
        Public constructor

        Parameters
        ----------
        config : config
            User configuration instance.
        """
        with_default_config = self.default_config
        if config:
            with_default_config.merge(config)
        
        super(Exporter, self).__init__(config=with_default_config, **kw)

        self._init_preprocessors()


    @property
    def default_config(self):
        return Config()


    def from_notebook_node(self, nb, resources=None, **kw):
        """
        Convert a notebook from a notebook node instance.

        Parameters
        ----------
        nb : :class:`~IPython.nbformat.v3.nbbase.NotebookNode`
          Notebook node
        resources : dict
          Additional resources that can be accessed read/write by
          preprocessors and filters.
        **kw
          Ignored (?)
        """
        nb_copy = copy.deepcopy(nb)
        resources = self._init_resources(resources)

        # Preprocess
        nb_copy, resources = self._preprocess(nb_copy, resources)

        return nb_copy, resources


    def from_filename(self, filename, resources=None, **kw):
        """
        Convert a notebook from a notebook file.

        Parameters
        ----------
        filename : str
            Full filename of the notebook file to open and convert.
        """

        # Pull the metadata from the filesystem.
        if resources is None:
            resources = ResourcesDict()
        if not 'metadata' in resources or resources['metadata'] == '':
            resources['metadata'] = ResourcesDict()
        basename = os.path.basename(filename)
        notebook_name = basename[:basename.rfind('.')]
        resources['metadata']['name'] = notebook_name

        modified_date = datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(os.path.getmtime(filename))
        resources['metadata']['modified_date'] = modified_date.strftime(text.date_format)

        with io.open(filename) as f:
            return self.from_notebook_node(nbformat.read(f, 'json'), resources=resources, **kw)


    def from_file(self, file_stream, resources=None, **kw):
        """
        Convert a notebook from a notebook file.

        Parameters
        ----------
        file_stream : file-like object
            Notebook file-like object to convert.
        """
        return self.from_notebook_node(nbformat.read(file_stream, 'json'), resources=resources, **kw)


    def register_preprocessor(self, preprocessor, enabled=False):
        """
        Register a preprocessor.
        Preprocessors are classes that act upon the notebook before it is
        passed into the Jinja templating engine.  preprocessors are also
        capable of passing additional information to the Jinja
        templating engine.

        Parameters
        ----------
        preprocessor : preprocessor
        """
        if preprocessor is None:
            raise TypeError('preprocessor')
        isclass = isinstance(preprocessor, type)
        constructed = not isclass

        # Handle preprocessor's registration based on it's type
        if constructed and isinstance(preprocessor, py3compat.string_types):
            # Preprocessor is a string, import the namespace and recursively call
            # this register_preprocessor method
            preprocessor_cls = import_item(preprocessor)
            return self.register_preprocessor(preprocessor_cls, enabled)

        if constructed and hasattr(preprocessor, '__call__'):
            # Preprocessor is a function, no need to construct it.
            # Register and return the preprocessor.
            if enabled:
                preprocessor.enabled = True
            self._preprocessors.append(preprocessor)
            return preprocessor

        elif isclass and isinstance(preprocessor, MetaHasTraits):
            # Preprocessor is configurable.  Make sure to pass in new default for 
            # the enabled flag if one was specified.
            self.register_preprocessor(preprocessor(parent=self), enabled)

        elif isclass:
            # Preprocessor is not configurable, construct it
            self.register_preprocessor(preprocessor(), enabled)

        else:
            # Preprocessor is an instance of something without a __call__ 
            # attribute.  
            raise TypeError('preprocessor')


    def _init_preprocessors(self):
        """
        Register all of the preprocessors needed for this exporter, disabled
        unless specified explicitly.
        """
        if self._preprocessors is None:
            self._preprocessors = []

        #Load default preprocessors (not necessarly enabled by default).
        if self.default_preprocessors:
            for preprocessor in self.default_preprocessors:
                self.register_preprocessor(preprocessor)

        #Load user preprocessors.  Enable by default.
        if self.preprocessors:
            for preprocessor in self.preprocessors:
                self.register_preprocessor(preprocessor, enabled=True)


    def _init_resources(self, resources):

        #Make sure the resources dict is of ResourcesDict type.
        if resources is None:
            resources = ResourcesDict()
        if not isinstance(resources, ResourcesDict):
            new_resources = ResourcesDict()
            new_resources.update(resources)
            resources = new_resources

        #Make sure the metadata extension exists in resources
        if 'metadata' in resources:
            if not isinstance(resources['metadata'], ResourcesDict):
                resources['metadata'] = ResourcesDict(resources['metadata'])
        else:
            resources['metadata'] = ResourcesDict()
            if not resources['metadata']['name']:
                resources['metadata']['name'] = 'Notebook'

        #Set the output extension
        resources['output_extension'] = self.file_extension
        return resources


    def _preprocess(self, nb, resources):
        """
        Preprocess the notebook before passing it into the Jinja engine.
        To preprocess the notebook is to apply all of the

        Parameters
        ----------
        nb : notebook node
            notebook that is being exported.
        resources : a dict of additional resources that
            can be accessed read/write by preprocessors
        """

        # Do a copy.deepcopy first,
        # we are never safe enough with what the preprocessors could do.
        nbc =  copy.deepcopy(nb)
        resc = copy.deepcopy(resources)

        #Run each preprocessor on the notebook.  Carry the output along
        #to each preprocessor
        for preprocessor in self._preprocessors:
            nbc, resc = preprocessor(nbc, resc)
        return nbc, resc