From 1f67e318c79835451a7304a42adbd2487a24af0d 2014-07-31 06:42:42 From: Brian E. Granger Date: 2014-07-31 06:42:42 Subject: [PATCH] Work on IPython Kernel notebooks. --- diff --git a/examples/IPython Kernel/Beyond Plain Python.ipynb b/examples/IPython Kernel/Beyond Plain Python.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 0000000..de7126c --- /dev/null +++ b/examples/IPython Kernel/Beyond Plain Python.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,1613 @@ +{ + "metadata": { + "name": "", + "signature": "sha256:31071a05d0ecd75ed72fe3f0de0ad447a6f85cffe382c26efa5e68db1fee54ee" + }, + "nbformat": 3, + "nbformat_minor": 0, + "worksheets": [ + { + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 1, + "metadata": { + "slideshow": { + "slide_type": "slide" + } + }, + "source": [ + "IPython: beyond plain Python" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "When executing code in IPython, all valid Python syntax works as-is, but IPython provides a number of features designed to make the interactive experience more fluid and efficient." + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": { + "slideshow": { + "slide_type": "slide" + } + }, + "source": [ + "First things first: running code, getting help" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "In the notebook, to run a cell of code, hit `Shift-Enter`. This executes the cell and puts the cursor in the next cell below, or makes a new one if you are at the end. Alternately, you can use:\n", + " \n", + "- `Alt-Enter` to force the creation of a new cell unconditionally (useful when inserting new content in the middle of an existing notebook).\n", + "- `Control-Enter` executes the cell and keeps the cursor in the same cell, useful for quick experimentation of snippets that you don't need to keep permanently." + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "print \"Hi\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Hi\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 1 + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": { + "slideshow": { + "slide_type": "slide" + } + }, + "source": [ + "Getting help:" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "?" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [], + "prompt_number": 2 + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": { + "slideshow": { + "slide_type": "slide" + } + }, + "source": [ + "Typing `object_name?` will print all sorts of details about any object, including docstrings, function definition lines (for call arguments) and constructor details for classes." + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "import collections\n", + "collections.namedtuple?" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [], + "prompt_number": 3 + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "collections.Counter??" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [], + "prompt_number": 4 + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "*int*?" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [], + "prompt_number": 5 + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": { + "slideshow": { + "slide_type": "slide" + } + }, + "source": [ + "An IPython quick reference card:" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "%quickref" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [], + "prompt_number": 6 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": { + "slideshow": { + "slide_type": "slide" + } + }, + "source": [ + "Tab completion" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Tab completion, especially for attributes, is a convenient way to explore the structure of any object you\u2019re dealing with. Simply type `object_name.` to view the object\u2019s attributes. Besides Python objects and keywords, tab completion also works on file and directory names." + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "collections." + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [], + "prompt_number": 8 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": { + "slideshow": { + "slide_type": "slide" + } + }, + "source": [ + "The interactive workflow: input, output, history" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "2+10" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "metadata": {}, + "output_type": "pyout", + "prompt_number": 7, + "text": [ + "12" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 7 + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "_+10" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "metadata": {}, + "output_type": "pyout", + "prompt_number": 8, + "text": [ + "22" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 8 + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": { + "slideshow": { + "slide_type": "slide" + } + }, + "source": [ + "You can suppress the storage and rendering of output if you append `;` to the last cell (this comes in handy when plotting with matplotlib, for example):" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "10+20;" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [], + "prompt_number": 9 + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "_" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "metadata": {}, + "output_type": "pyout", + "prompt_number": 10, + "text": [ + "22" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 10 + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": { + "slideshow": { + "slide_type": "slide" + } + }, + "source": [ + "The output is stored in `_N` and `Out[N]` variables:" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "_10 == Out[10]" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "metadata": {}, + "output_type": "pyout", + "prompt_number": 11, + "text": [ + "True" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 11 + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": { + "slideshow": { + "slide_type": "slide" + } + }, + "source": [ + "And the last three have shorthands for convenience:" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "print 'last output:', _\n", + "print 'next one :', __\n", + "print 'and next :', ___" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "last output: True\n", + "next one : 22\n", + "and next : 22\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 12 + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "In[11]" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": { + "slideshow": { + "slide_type": "-" + } + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "metadata": {}, + "output_type": "pyout", + "prompt_number": 13, + "text": [ + "u'_10 == Out[10]'" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 13 + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "_i" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "metadata": {}, + "output_type": "pyout", + "prompt_number": 14, + "text": [ + "u'In[11]'" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 14 + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "_ii" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "metadata": {}, + "output_type": "pyout", + "prompt_number": 15, + "text": [ + "u'In[11]'" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 15 + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "print 'last input:', _i\n", + "print 'next one :', _ii\n", + "print 'and next :', _iii" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": { + "slideshow": { + "slide_type": "subslide" + } + }, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "last input: _ii\n", + "next one : _i\n", + "and next : In[11]\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 16 + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "%history -n 1-5" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + " 1: print \"Hi\"\n", + " 2: ?\n", + " 3:\n", + "import collections\n", + "collections.namedtuple?\n", + " 4: collections.Counter??\n", + " 5: *int*?\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 17 + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": { + "slideshow": { + "slide_type": "subslide" + } + }, + "source": [ + "**Exercise**\n", + "\n", + "Write the last 10 lines of history to a file named `log.py`." + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": { + "slideshow": { + "slide_type": "slide" + } + }, + "source": [ + "Accessing the underlying operating system" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "!pwd" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "/home/fperez/ipython/tutorial/notebooks\r\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 18 + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "files = !ls\n", + "print \"My current directory's files:\"\n", + "print files" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "My current directory's files:\n", + "['BackgroundJobs.ipynb', 'Custom Display Logic.ipynb', 'Customizing IPython - Condensed.ipynb', 'Customizing IPython - Config.ipynb', 'Customizing IPython - Extensions.ipynb', 'Customizing IPython - Magics.ipynb', 'data', 'figs', 'flare.json', 'Index.ipynb', 'Interactive Widgets.ipynb', 'IPython - beyond plain Python.ipynb', 'kernel-embedding', 'Markdown Cells.ipynb', 'myscript.py', 'nbconvert_arch.png', 'NbConvert from command line.ipynb', 'NbConvert Python library.ipynb', 'Notebook and javascript extension.ipynb', 'Notebook Basics.ipynb', 'Overview of IPython.parallel.ipynb', 'parallel', 'Rich Display System.ipynb', 'Running a Secure Public Notebook.ipynb', 'Running Code.ipynb', 'Sample.ipynb', 'soln', 'Terminal usage.ipynb', 'text_analysis.py', 'Typesetting Math Using MathJax.ipynb']\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 19 + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "!echo $files" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "[BackgroundJobs.ipynb, Custom Display Logic.ipynb, Customizing IPython - Condensed.ipynb, Customizing IPython - Config.ipynb, Customizing IPython - Extensions.ipynb, Customizing IPython - Magics.ipynb, data, figs, flare.json, Index.ipynb, Interactive Widgets.ipynb, IPython - beyond plain Python.ipynb, kernel-embedding, Markdown Cells.ipynb, myscript.py, nbconvert_arch.png, NbConvert from command line.ipynb, NbConvert Python library.ipynb, Notebook and javascript extension.ipynb, Notebook Basics.ipynb, Overview of IPython.parallel.ipynb, parallel, Rich Display System.ipynb, Running a Secure Public Notebook.ipynb, Running Code.ipynb, Sample.ipynb, soln, Terminal usage.ipynb, text_analysis.py, Typesetting Math Using MathJax.ipynb]\r\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 20 + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "!echo {files[0].upper()}" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "BACKGROUNDJOBS.IPYNB\r\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 21 + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Note that all this is available even in multiline blocks:" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "import os\n", + "for i,f in enumerate(files):\n", + " if f.endswith('ipynb'):\n", + " !echo {\"%02d\" % i} - \"{os.path.splitext(f)[0]}\"\n", + " else:\n", + " print '--'" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "00 - BackgroundJobs\r\n" + ] + }, + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "01 - Custom Display Logic\r\n" + ] + }, + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "02 - Customizing IPython - Condensed\r\n" + ] + }, + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "03 - Customizing IPython - Config\r\n" + ] + }, + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "04 - Customizing IPython - Extensions\r\n" + ] + }, + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "05 - Customizing IPython - Magics\r\n" + ] + }, + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "--\n", + "--\n", + "--\n", + "09 - Index\r\n" + ] + }, + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "10 - Interactive Widgets\r\n" + ] + }, + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "11 - IPython - beyond plain Python\r\n" + ] + }, + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "--\n", + "13 - Markdown Cells\r\n" + ] + }, + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "--\n", + "--\n", + "16 - NbConvert from command line\r\n" + ] + }, + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "17 - NbConvert Python library\r\n" + ] + }, + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "18 - Notebook and javascript extension\r\n" + ] + }, + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "19 - Notebook Basics\r\n" + ] + }, + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "20 - Overview of IPython.parallel\r\n" + ] + }, + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "--\n", + "22 - Rich Display System\r\n" + ] + }, + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "23 - Running a Secure Public Notebook\r\n" + ] + }, + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "24 - Running Code\r\n" + ] + }, + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "25 - Sample\r\n" + ] + }, + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "--\n", + "27 - Terminal usage\r\n" + ] + }, + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "--\n", + "29 - Typesetting Math Using MathJax\r\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 27 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Beyond Python: magic functions" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "The IPyhton 'magic' functions are a set of commands, invoked by prepending one or two `%` signs to their name, that live in a namespace separate from your normal Python variables and provide a more command-like interface. They take flags with `--` and arguments without quotes, parentheses or commas. The motivation behind this system is two-fold:\n", + " \n", + "- To provide an orthogonal namespace for controlling IPython itself and exposing other system-oriented functionality.\n", + "\n", + "- To expose a calling mode that requires minimal verbosity and typing while working interactively. Thus the inspiration taken from the classic Unix shell style for commands." + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "%magic" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [], + "prompt_number": 28 + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Line vs cell magics:" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "%timeit range(10)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "10000000 loops, best of 3: 190 ns per loop\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 29 + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "%%timeit\n", + "range(10)\n", + "range(100)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "1000000 loops, best of 3: 888 ns per loop\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 30 + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Line magics can be used even inside code blocks:" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "for i in range(5):\n", + " size = i*100\n", + " print 'size:',size, \n", + " %timeit range(size)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "size: 010000000 loops, best of 3: 129 ns per loop" + ] + }, + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "\n", + " size: 1001000000 loops, best of 3: 649 ns per loop" + ] + }, + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "\n", + " size: 2001000000 loops, best of 3: 1.09 \u00b5s per loop" + ] + }, + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "\n", + " size: 3001000000 loops, best of 3: 1.74 \u00b5s per loop" + ] + }, + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "\n", + " size: 400100000 loops, best of 3: 2.72 \u00b5s per loop" + ] + }, + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "\n", + "\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 31 + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Magics can do anything they want with their input, so it doesn't have to be valid Python:" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "%%bash\n", + "echo \"My shell is:\" $SHELL\n", + "echo \"My memory status is:\"\n", + "free" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "My shell is: /bin/bash\n", + "My memory status is:\n", + " total used free shared buffers cached\n", + "Mem: 7870888 6389328 1481560 0 662860 2505172\n", + "-/+ buffers/cache: 3221296 4649592\n", + "Swap: 3905532 4852 3900680\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 32 + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Another interesting cell magic: create any file you want locally from the notebook:" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "%%writefile test.txt\n", + "This is a test file!\n", + "It can contain anything I want...\n", + "\n", + "And more..." + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Writing test.txt\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 33 + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "!cat test.txt" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "This is a test file!\r\n", + "It can contain anything I want...\r\n", + "\r\n", + "And more..." + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 34 + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Let's see what other magics are currently defined in the system:" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "%lsmagic" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "json": [ + "{\"cell\": {\"prun\": \"ExecutionMagics\", \"file\": \"Other\", \"!\": \"OSMagics\", \"capture\": \"ExecutionMagics\", \"timeit\": \"ExecutionMagics\", \"script\": \"ScriptMagics\", \"pypy\": \"Other\", \"system\": \"OSMagics\", \"perl\": \"Other\", \"HTML\": \"Other\", \"bash\": \"Other\", \"python\": \"Other\", \"SVG\": \"Other\", \"javascript\": \"DisplayMagics\", \"writefile\": \"OSMagics\", \"ruby\": \"Other\", \"python3\": \"Other\", \"python2\": \"Other\", \"latex\": \"DisplayMagics\", \"sx\": \"OSMagics\", \"svg\": \"DisplayMagics\", \"html\": \"DisplayMagics\", \"sh\": \"Other\", \"time\": \"ExecutionMagics\", \"debug\": \"ExecutionMagics\"}, \"line\": {\"psource\": \"NamespaceMagics\", \"logstart\": \"LoggingMagics\", \"popd\": \"OSMagics\", \"loadpy\": \"CodeMagics\", \"install_ext\": \"ExtensionMagics\", \"colors\": \"BasicMagics\", \"who_ls\": \"NamespaceMagics\", \"lf\": \"Other\", \"install_profiles\": \"DeprecatedMagics\", \"clk\": \"Other\", \"ll\": \"Other\", \"pprint\": \"BasicMagics\", \"lk\": \"Other\", \"ls\": \"Other\", \"save\": \"CodeMagics\", \"tb\": \"ExecutionMagics\", \"lx\": \"Other\", \"dl\": \"Other\", \"pylab\": \"PylabMagics\", \"dd\": \"Other\", \"quickref\": \"BasicMagics\", \"dx\": \"Other\", \"d\": \"Other\", \"magic\": \"BasicMagics\", \"dhist\": \"OSMagics\", \"edit\": \"KernelMagics\", \"logstop\": \"LoggingMagics\", \"gui\": \"BasicMagics\", \"alias_magic\": \"BasicMagics\", \"debug\": \"ExecutionMagics\", \"page\": \"BasicMagics\", \"logstate\": \"LoggingMagics\", \"ed\": \"Other\", \"pushd\": \"OSMagics\", \"timeit\": \"ExecutionMagics\", \"rehashx\": \"OSMagics\", \"hist\": \"Other\", \"qtconsole\": \"KernelMagics\", \"rm\": \"Other\", \"dirs\": \"OSMagics\", \"run\": \"ExecutionMagics\", \"reset_selective\": \"NamespaceMagics\", \"rep\": \"Other\", \"pinfo2\": \"NamespaceMagics\", \"matplotlib\": \"PylabMagics\", \"automagic\": \"AutoMagics\", \"doctest_mode\": \"KernelMagics\", \"logoff\": \"LoggingMagics\", \"reload_ext\": \"ExtensionMagics\", \"pdb\": \"ExecutionMagics\", \"load\": \"CodeMagics\", \"lsmagic\": \"BasicMagics\", \"cl\": \"Other\", \"autosave\": \"KernelMagics\", \"cd\": \"OSMagics\", \"pastebin\": \"CodeMagics\", \"prun\": \"ExecutionMagics\", \"cp\": \"Other\", \"autocall\": \"AutoMagics\", \"bookmark\": \"OSMagics\", \"connect_info\": \"KernelMagics\", \"mkdir\": \"Other\", \"system\": \"OSMagics\", \"whos\": \"NamespaceMagics\", \"rmdir\": \"Other\", \"unload_ext\": \"ExtensionMagics\", \"store\": \"StoreMagics\", \"more\": \"KernelMagics\", \"pdef\": \"NamespaceMagics\", \"precision\": \"BasicMagics\", \"pinfo\": \"NamespaceMagics\", \"pwd\": \"OSMagics\", \"psearch\": \"NamespaceMagics\", \"reset\": \"NamespaceMagics\", \"recall\": \"HistoryMagics\", \"xdel\": \"NamespaceMagics\", \"xmode\": \"BasicMagics\", \"cat\": \"Other\", \"mv\": \"Other\", \"rerun\": \"HistoryMagics\", \"logon\": \"LoggingMagics\", \"history\": \"HistoryMagics\", \"pycat\": \"OSMagics\", \"unalias\": \"OSMagics\", \"install_default_config\": \"DeprecatedMagics\", \"env\": \"OSMagics\", \"load_ext\": \"ExtensionMagics\", \"config\": \"ConfigMagics\", \"killbgscripts\": \"ScriptMagics\", \"profile\": \"BasicMagics\", \"pfile\": \"NamespaceMagics\", \"less\": \"KernelMagics\", \"who\": \"NamespaceMagics\", \"notebook\": \"BasicMagics\", \"man\": \"KernelMagics\", \"sx\": \"OSMagics\", \"macro\": \"ExecutionMagics\", \"clear\": \"KernelMagics\", \"alias\": \"OSMagics\", \"time\": \"ExecutionMagics\", \"sc\": \"OSMagics\", \"ldir\": \"Other\", \"pdoc\": \"NamespaceMagics\"}}" + ], + "metadata": {}, + "output_type": "pyout", + "prompt_number": 35, + "text": [ + "Available line magics:\n", + "%alias %alias_magic %autocall %automagic %autosave %bookmark %cat %cd %cl %clear %clk %colors %config %connect_info %cp %d %dd %debug %dhist %dirs %dl %doctest_mode %dx %ed %edit %env %gui %hist %history %install_default_config %install_ext %install_profiles %killbgscripts %ldir %less %lf %lk %ll %load %load_ext %loadpy %logoff %logon %logstart %logstate %logstop %ls %lsmagic %lx %macro %magic %man %matplotlib %mkdir %more %mv %notebook %page %pastebin %pdb %pdef %pdoc %pfile %pinfo %pinfo2 %popd %pprint %precision %profile %prun %psearch %psource %pushd %pwd %pycat %pylab %qtconsole %quickref %recall %rehashx %reload_ext %rep %rerun %reset %reset_selective %rm %rmdir %run %save %sc %store %sx %system %tb %time %timeit %unalias %unload_ext %who %who_ls %whos %xdel %xmode\n", + "\n", + "Available cell magics:\n", + "%%! %%HTML %%SVG %%bash %%capture %%debug %%file %%html %%javascript %%latex %%perl %%prun %%pypy %%python %%python2 %%python3 %%ruby %%script %%sh %%svg %%sx %%system %%time %%timeit %%writefile\n", + "\n", + "Automagic is ON, % prefix IS NOT needed for line magics." + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 35 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Running normal Python code: execution and errors" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Not only can you input normal Python code, you can even paste straight from a Python or IPython shell session:" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + ">>> # Fibonacci series:\n", + "... # the sum of two elements defines the next\n", + "... a, b = 0, 1\n", + ">>> while b < 10:\n", + "... print b\n", + "... a, b = b, a+b" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "1\n", + "1\n", + "2\n", + "3\n", + "5\n", + "8\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 36 + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "In [1]: for i in range(10):\n", + " ...: print i,\n", + " ...: " + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 37 + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "And when your code produces errors, you can control how they are displayed with the `%xmode` magic:" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "%%writefile mod.py\n", + "\n", + "def f(x):\n", + " return 1.0/(x-1)\n", + "\n", + "def g(y):\n", + " return f(y+1)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Writing mod.py\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 38 + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Now let's call the function `g` with an argument that would produce an error:" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "import mod\n", + "mod.g(0)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "ename": "ZeroDivisionError", + "evalue": "float division by zero", + "output_type": "pyerr", + "traceback": [ + "\u001b[1;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;31mZeroDivisionError\u001b[0m Traceback (most recent call last)", + "\u001b[1;32m\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m\u001b[1;34m()\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m 1\u001b[0m \u001b[1;32mimport\u001b[0m \u001b[0mmod\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m----> 2\u001b[1;33m \u001b[0mmod\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mg\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m(\u001b[0m\u001b[1;36m0\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m)\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m", + "\u001b[1;32m/home/fperez/ipython/tutorial/notebooks/mod.py\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36mg\u001b[1;34m(y)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m 4\u001b[0m \u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m 5\u001b[0m \u001b[1;32mdef\u001b[0m \u001b[0mg\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0my\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m)\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m:\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m----> 6\u001b[1;33m \u001b[1;32mreturn\u001b[0m \u001b[0mf\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0my\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m+\u001b[0m\u001b[1;36m1\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m)\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m", + "\u001b[1;32m/home/fperez/ipython/tutorial/notebooks/mod.py\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36mf\u001b[1;34m(x)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m 1\u001b[0m \u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m 2\u001b[0m \u001b[1;32mdef\u001b[0m \u001b[0mf\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mx\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m)\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m:\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m----> 3\u001b[1;33m \u001b[1;32mreturn\u001b[0m \u001b[1;36m1.0\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m/\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mx\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m-\u001b[0m\u001b[1;36m1\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m)\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m\u001b[0;32m 4\u001b[0m \u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m 5\u001b[0m \u001b[1;32mdef\u001b[0m \u001b[0mg\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0my\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m)\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m:\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n", + "\u001b[1;31mZeroDivisionError\u001b[0m: float division by zero" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 39 + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "%xmode plain\n", + "mod.g(0)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Exception reporting mode: Plain\n" + ] + }, + { + "ename": "ZeroDivisionError", + "evalue": "float division by zero", + "output_type": "pyerr", + "traceback": [ + "Traceback \u001b[1;36m(most recent call last)\u001b[0m:\n", + " File \u001b[0;32m\"\"\u001b[0m, line \u001b[0;32m2\u001b[0m, in \u001b[0;35m\u001b[0m\n mod.g(0)\n", + " File \u001b[0;32m\"mod.py\"\u001b[0m, line \u001b[0;32m6\u001b[0m, in \u001b[0;35mg\u001b[0m\n return f(y+1)\n", + "\u001b[1;36m File \u001b[1;32m\"mod.py\"\u001b[1;36m, line \u001b[1;32m3\u001b[1;36m, in \u001b[1;35mf\u001b[1;36m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;33m return 1.0/(x-1)\u001b[0m\n", + "\u001b[1;31mZeroDivisionError\u001b[0m\u001b[1;31m:\u001b[0m float division by zero\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 40 + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "%xmode verbose\n", + "mod.g(0)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Exception reporting mode: Verbose\n" + ] + }, + { + "ename": "ZeroDivisionError", + "evalue": "float division by zero", + "output_type": "pyerr", + "traceback": [ + "\u001b[1;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;31mZeroDivisionError\u001b[0m Traceback (most recent call last)", + "\u001b[1;32m\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m\u001b[1;34m()\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m 1\u001b[0m \u001b[0mget_ipython\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m(\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m)\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mmagic\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m(\u001b[0m\u001b[1;34mu'xmode verbose'\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m)\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m----> 2\u001b[1;33m \u001b[0mmod\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mg\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m(\u001b[0m\u001b[1;36m0\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m)\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m \u001b[1;36mglobal\u001b[0m \u001b[0;36mmod.g\u001b[0m \u001b[1;34m= \u001b[0m\n", + "\u001b[1;32m/home/fperez/ipython/tutorial/notebooks/mod.py\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36mg\u001b[1;34m(y=0)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m 4\u001b[0m \u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m 5\u001b[0m \u001b[1;32mdef\u001b[0m \u001b[0mg\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0my\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m)\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m:\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m----> 6\u001b[1;33m \u001b[1;32mreturn\u001b[0m \u001b[0mf\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0my\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m+\u001b[0m\u001b[1;36m1\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m)\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m \u001b[1;36mglobal\u001b[0m \u001b[0;36mf\u001b[0m \u001b[1;34m= \u001b[0m\u001b[1;34m\n \u001b[0m\u001b[0;36my\u001b[0m \u001b[1;34m= 0\u001b[0m\n", + "\u001b[1;32m/home/fperez/ipython/tutorial/notebooks/mod.py\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36mf\u001b[1;34m(x=1)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m 1\u001b[0m \u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m 2\u001b[0m \u001b[1;32mdef\u001b[0m \u001b[0mf\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mx\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m)\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m:\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m----> 3\u001b[1;33m \u001b[1;32mreturn\u001b[0m \u001b[1;36m1.0\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m/\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mx\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m-\u001b[0m\u001b[1;36m1\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m)\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m \u001b[0;36mx\u001b[0m \u001b[1;34m= 1\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m 4\u001b[0m \u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m 5\u001b[0m \u001b[1;32mdef\u001b[0m \u001b[0mg\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0my\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m)\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m:\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n", + "\u001b[1;31mZeroDivisionError\u001b[0m: float division by zero" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 41 + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "The default `%xmode` is \"context\", which shows additional context but not all local variables. Let's restore that one for the rest of our session." + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "%xmode context" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Exception reporting mode: Context\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 42 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Running code in other languages with special `%%` magics" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "%%perl\n", + "@months = (\"July\", \"August\", \"September\");\n", + "print $months[0];" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "July" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 43 + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "%%ruby\n", + "name = \"world\"\n", + "puts \"Hello #{name.capitalize}!\"" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Hello World!\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 44 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 3, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Exercise" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Write a cell that executes in Bash and prints your current working directory as well as the date.\n", + "\n", + "Apologies to Windows users who may not have Bash available, not sure how to obtain the equivalent result with `cmd.exe` or Powershell." + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "%load soln/bash-script" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [] + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Raw Input in the notebook" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Since 1.0 the IPython notebook web application support `raw_input` which for example allow us to invoke the `%debug` magic in the notebook:" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "mod.g(0)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "ename": "ZeroDivisionError", + "evalue": "float division by zero", + "output_type": "pyerr", + "traceback": [ + "\u001b[1;31m---------------------------------------------------------------------------\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;31mZeroDivisionError\u001b[0m Traceback (most recent call last)", + "\u001b[1;32m\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36m\u001b[1;34m()\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m----> 1\u001b[1;33m \u001b[0mmod\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mg\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m(\u001b[0m\u001b[1;36m0\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m)\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m", + "\u001b[1;32m/home/fperez/ipython/tutorial/notebooks/mod.py\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36mg\u001b[1;34m(y)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m 4\u001b[0m \u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m 5\u001b[0m \u001b[1;32mdef\u001b[0m \u001b[0mg\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0my\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m)\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m:\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m----> 6\u001b[1;33m \u001b[1;32mreturn\u001b[0m \u001b[0mf\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0my\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m+\u001b[0m\u001b[1;36m1\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m)\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m", + "\u001b[1;32m/home/fperez/ipython/tutorial/notebooks/mod.py\u001b[0m in \u001b[0;36mf\u001b[1;34m(x)\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m 1\u001b[0m \u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m 2\u001b[0m \u001b[1;32mdef\u001b[0m \u001b[0mf\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mx\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m)\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m:\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[1;32m----> 3\u001b[1;33m \u001b[1;32mreturn\u001b[0m \u001b[1;36m1.0\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m/\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mx\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m-\u001b[0m\u001b[1;36m1\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m)\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0m\u001b[0;32m 4\u001b[0m \u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n\u001b[0;32m 5\u001b[0m \u001b[1;32mdef\u001b[0m \u001b[0mg\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0my\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m)\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m:\u001b[0m\u001b[1;33m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n", + "\u001b[1;31mZeroDivisionError\u001b[0m: float division by zero" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 45 + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "%debug" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "> \u001b[0;32m/Users/bussonniermatthias/ipython-in-depth/notebooks/mod.py\u001b[0m(3)\u001b[0;36mf\u001b[0;34m()\u001b[0m\n", + "\u001b[0;32m 2 \u001b[0;31m\u001b[0;32mdef\u001b[0m \u001b[0mf\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0mx\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n", + "\u001b[0m\u001b[0;32m----> 3 \u001b[0;31m \u001b[0;32mreturn\u001b[0m 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\u001b[0mg\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0my\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m:\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n", + "\u001b[0m\u001b[0;32m----> 6 \u001b[0;31m \u001b[0;32mreturn\u001b[0m \u001b[0mf\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0my\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m+\u001b[0m\u001b[0;36m1\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n", + "\u001b[0m\n" + ] + }, + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "ipdb> y\n" + ] + }, + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "0\n" + ] + }, + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "ipdb> up\n" + ] + }, + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "> \u001b[0;32m\u001b[0m(1)\u001b[0;36m\u001b[0;34m()\u001b[0m\n", + "\u001b[0;32m----> 1 \u001b[0;31m\u001b[0mmod\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m.\u001b[0m\u001b[0mg\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m(\u001b[0m\u001b[0;36m0\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m)\u001b[0m\u001b[0;34m\u001b[0m\u001b[0m\n", + "\u001b[0m\n" + ] + }, + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "ipdb> exit\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 38 + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Don't foget to exit your debugging session. Raw input can of course be use to ask for user input:" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "enjoy = raw_input('Are you enjoying this tutorial ?')\n", + "print 'enjoy is :', enjoy" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "name": "stdout", + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Are you enjoying this tutorial ?Yes !\n" + ] + }, + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "enjoy is : Yes !\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 39 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Plotting in the notebook" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "This magic configures matplotlib to render its figures inline:" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "%matplotlib inline" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [], + "prompt_number": 46 + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "import numpy as np\n", + "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [], + "prompt_number": 47 + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "x = np.linspace(0, 2*np.pi, 300)\n", + "y = np.sin(x**2)\n", + "plt.plot(x, y)\n", + "plt.title(\"A little chirp\")\n", + "fig = plt.gcf() # let's keep the figure object around for later..." + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "metadata": {}, + "output_type": "display_data", + "png": 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9sqUF+N3vgI0bnV6JWNywaUqU0LcfbMbrQJNw8BD63r35RzdWirEAP6G3Et3I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\n", + "text": [ + "" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 48 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "The IPython kernel/client model" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "%connect_info" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "{\n", + " \"stdin_port\": 50023, \n", + " \"ip\": \"127.0.0.1\", \n", + " \"control_port\": 50024, \n", + " \"hb_port\": 50025, \n", + " \"signature_scheme\": \"hmac-sha256\", \n", + " \"key\": \"b54b8859-d64d-48bb-814a-909f9beb3316\", \n", + " \"shell_port\": 50021, \n", + " \"transport\": \"tcp\", \n", + " \"iopub_port\": 50022\n", + "}\n", + "\n", + "Paste the above JSON into a file, and connect with:\n", + " $> ipython --existing \n", + "or, if you are local, you can connect with just:\n", + " $> ipython --existing kernel-30f00f4a-230c-4e64-bea5-0e5f6a52cb40.json \n", + "or even just:\n", + " $> ipython --existing \n", + "if this is the most recent IPython session you have started.\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 43 + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "We can connect automatically a Qt Console to the currently running kernel with the `%qtconsole` magic, or by typing `ipython console --existing ` in any terminal:" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "%qtconsole" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [], + "prompt_number": 83 + } + ], + "metadata": {} + } + ] +} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/examples/IPython Kernel/Displaying Rich Output Formats.ipynb b/examples/IPython Kernel/Displaying Rich Output Formats.ipynb index e05fbfa..4be5277 100644 --- a/examples/IPython Kernel/Displaying Rich Output Formats.ipynb +++ b/examples/IPython Kernel/Displaying Rich Output Formats.ipynb @@ -1,7 +1,7 @@ { "metadata": { "name": "", - "signature": "sha256:ae010ef95e10f7b6ef5f0b51ab9e540112ad42edc1daf268de29fee0cff73085" + "signature": "sha256:180c055843c21d9b1ac1c9ab78517b077ff5d6526a847739908408866ac449b2" }, "nbformat": 3, "nbformat_minor": 0, @@ -631,9 +631,7 @@ "collapsed": false, "input": [ "from IPython.display import YouTubeVideo\n", - "# a talk about IPython at Sage Days at U. Washington, Seattle.\n", - "# Video credit: William Stein.\n", - "YouTubeVideo('1j_HxD4iLn8')" + "YouTubeVideo('sjfsUzECqK0')" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, @@ -644,7 +642,7 @@ " \n", @@ -652,13 +650,13 @@ ], "metadata": {}, "output_type": "pyout", - "prompt_number": 17, + "prompt_number": 20, "text": [ - "" + "" ] } ], - "prompt_number": 17 + "prompt_number": 20 }, { "cell_type": "markdown", @@ -791,10 +789,273 @@ "cell_type": "markdown", "metadata": {}, "source": [ + "If you want to write HTML or Javascript straight to the frontend,\n", + "you can use `%%html` or `%%javascript` cell magics. These are exactly the same as writing `display(HTML(\"\"\"cell contents\"\"\"))`, etc." + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "%%html\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "
Header 1Header 2
row 1, cell 1row 1, cell 2
row 2, cell 1row 2, cell 2
" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "html": [ + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "\n", + "
Header 1Header 2
row 1, cell 1row 1, cell 2
row 2, cell 1row 2, cell 2
" + ], + "metadata": {}, + "output_type": "display_data", + "text": [ + "" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 1 + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ "Pandas makes use of this capability to allow `DataFrames` to be represented as HTML tables." ] }, { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "JavaScript" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "from IPython.display import Javascript" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [], + "prompt_number": 2 + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "Javascript(\n", + " \"\"\"$.getScript('//cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/d3/3.2.2/d3.v3.min.js')\"\"\"\n", + ")" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "javascript": [ + "$.getScript('//cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/d3/3.2.2/d3.v3.min.js')" + ], + "metadata": {}, + "output_type": "pyout", + "prompt_number": 8, + "text": [ + "" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 8 + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "%%html\n", + "" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "html": [ + "" + ], + "metadata": {}, + "output_type": "display_data", + "text": [ + "" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 4 + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "%%javascript\n", + "\n", + "// element is the jQuery element we will append to\n", + "var e = element.get(0);\n", + " \n", + "var diameter = 600,\n", + " format = d3.format(\",d\");\n", + "\n", + "var pack = d3.layout.pack()\n", + " .size([diameter - 4, diameter - 4])\n", + " .value(function(d) { return d.size; });\n", + "\n", + "var svg = d3.select(e).append(\"svg\")\n", + " .attr(\"width\", diameter)\n", + " .attr(\"height\", diameter)\n", + " .append(\"g\")\n", + " .attr(\"transform\", \"translate(2,2)\");\n", + "\n", + "d3.json(\"data/flare.json\", function(error, root) {\n", + " var node = svg.datum(root).selectAll(\".node\")\n", + " .data(pack.nodes)\n", + " .enter().append(\"g\")\n", + " .attr(\"class\", function(d) { return d.children ? \"node\" : \"leaf node\"; })\n", + " .attr(\"transform\", function(d) { return \"translate(\" + d.x + \",\" + d.y + \")\"; });\n", + "\n", + " node.append(\"title\")\n", + " .text(function(d) { return d.name + (d.children ? \"\" : \": \" + format(d.size)); });\n", + "\n", + " node.append(\"circle\")\n", + " .attr(\"r\", function(d) { return d.r; });\n", + "\n", + " node.filter(function(d) { return !d.children; }).append(\"text\")\n", + " .attr(\"dy\", \".3em\")\n", + " .style(\"text-anchor\", \"middle\")\n", + " .text(function(d) { return d.name.substring(0, d.r / 3); });\n", + "});\n", + "\n", + "d3.select(self.frameElement).style(\"height\", diameter + \"px\");" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "javascript": [ + "\n", + "// element is the jQuery element we will append to\n", + "var e = element.get(0);\n", + " \n", + "var diameter = 600,\n", + " format = d3.format(\",d\");\n", + "\n", + "var pack = d3.layout.pack()\n", + " .size([diameter - 4, diameter - 4])\n", + " .value(function(d) { return d.size; });\n", + "\n", + "var svg = d3.select(e).append(\"svg\")\n", + " .attr(\"width\", diameter)\n", + " .attr(\"height\", diameter)\n", + " .append(\"g\")\n", + " .attr(\"transform\", \"translate(2,2)\");\n", + "\n", + "d3.json(\"data/flare.json\", function(error, root) {\n", + " var node = svg.datum(root).selectAll(\".node\")\n", + " .data(pack.nodes)\n", + " .enter().append(\"g\")\n", + " .attr(\"class\", function(d) { return d.children ? \"node\" : \"leaf node\"; })\n", + " .attr(\"transform\", function(d) { return \"translate(\" + d.x + \",\" + d.y + \")\"; });\n", + "\n", + " node.append(\"title\")\n", + " .text(function(d) { return d.name + (d.children ? \"\" : \": \" + format(d.size)); });\n", + "\n", + " node.append(\"circle\")\n", + " .attr(\"r\", function(d) { return d.r; });\n", + "\n", + " node.filter(function(d) { return !d.children; }).append(\"text\")\n", + " .attr(\"dy\", \".3em\")\n", + " .style(\"text-anchor\", \"middle\")\n", + " .text(function(d) { return d.name.substring(0, d.r / 3); });\n", + "});\n", + "\n", + "d3.select(self.frameElement).style(\"height\", diameter + \"px\");" + ], + "metadata": {}, + "output_type": "display_data", + "text": [ + "" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 7 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Pandas" + ] + }, + { "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ @@ -803,7 +1064,7 @@ "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [], - "prompt_number": 22 + "prompt_number": 9 }, { "cell_type": "markdown", @@ -816,7 +1077,7 @@ "cell_type": "code", "collapsed": false, "input": [ - "%%file data.csv\n", + "%%writefile data.csv\n", "Date,Open,High,Low,Close,Volume,Adj Close\n", "2012-06-01,569.16,590.00,548.50,584.00,14077000,581.50\n", "2012-05-01,584.90,596.76,522.18,577.73,18827900,575.26\n", @@ -836,7 +1097,7 @@ ] } ], - "prompt_number": 23 + "prompt_number": 10 }, { "cell_type": "markdown", @@ -854,7 +1115,7 @@ "language": "python", "metadata": {}, "outputs": [], - "prompt_number": 24 + "prompt_number": 11 }, { "cell_type": "markdown", @@ -956,7 +1217,7 @@ ], "metadata": {}, "output_type": "pyout", - "prompt_number": 25, + "prompt_number": 12, "text": [ " Date Open High Low Close Volume Adj Close\n", "0 2012-06-01 569.16 590.00 548.50 584.00 14077000 581.50\n", @@ -970,7 +1231,122 @@ ] } ], - "prompt_number": 25 + "prompt_number": 12 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "SymPy" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "from sympy.interactive.printing import init_printing\n", + "init_printing(use_latex='mathjax')" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [], + "prompt_number": 13 + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "from __future__ import division\n", + "import sympy as sym\n", + "from sympy import *\n", + "x, y, z = symbols(\"x y z\")\n", + "k, m, n = symbols(\"k m n\", integer=True)\n", + "f, g, h = map(Function, 'fgh')" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [], + "prompt_number": 14 + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "Rational(3,2)*pi + exp(I*x) / (x**2 + y)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "latex": [ + "$$\\frac{3 \\pi}{2} + \\frac{e^{i x}}{x^{2} + y}$$" + ], + "metadata": {}, + "output_type": "pyout", + "prompt_number": 15, + "text": [ + " \u2148\u22c5x \n", + "3\u22c5\u03c0 \u212f \n", + "\u2500\u2500\u2500 + \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\n", + " 2 2 \n", + " x + y" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 15 + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "a = 1/x + (x*sin(x) - 1)/x\n", + "a" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "latex": [ + "$$\\frac{1}{x} \\left(x \\sin{\\left (x \\right )} - 1\\right) + \\frac{1}{x}$$" + ], + "metadata": {}, + "output_type": "pyout", + "prompt_number": 16, + "text": [ + "x\u22c5sin(x) - 1 1\n", + "\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 + \u2500\n", + " x x" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 16 + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "(1/cos(x)).series(x, 0, 6)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "latex": [ + "$$1 + \\frac{x^{2}}{2} + \\frac{5 x^{4}}{24} + \\mathcal{O}\\left(x^{6}\\right)$$" + ], + "metadata": {}, + "output_type": "pyout", + "prompt_number": 17, + "text": [ + " 2 4 \n", + " x 5\u22c5x \u239b 6\u239e\n", + "1 + \u2500\u2500 + \u2500\u2500\u2500\u2500 + O\u239dx \u23a0\n", + " 2 24 " + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 17 }, { "cell_type": "heading", @@ -993,7 +1369,7 @@ "collapsed": false, "input": [ "from IPython.display import IFrame\n", - "IFrame('http://en.mobile.wikipedia.org/?useformat=mobile', width='100%', height=350)" + "IFrame('http://python.org', width='100%', height=350)" ], "language": "python", "metadata": {}, @@ -1004,7 +1380,7 @@ " \n", @@ -1012,13 +1388,13 @@ ], "metadata": {}, "output_type": "pyout", - "prompt_number": 26, + "prompt_number": 19, "text": [ - "" + "" ] } ], - "prompt_number": 26 + "prompt_number": 19 }, { "cell_type": "heading", diff --git a/examples/IPython Kernel/Terminal Usage.ipynb b/examples/IPython Kernel/Terminal Usage.ipynb new file mode 100644 index 0000000..5f4bb3e --- /dev/null +++ b/examples/IPython Kernel/Terminal Usage.ipynb @@ -0,0 +1,275 @@ +{ + "metadata": { + "name": "", + "signature": "sha256:993106eecfd7abe1920e1dbe670c4518189c26e7b29dcc541835f7dcf6fffbb2" + }, + "nbformat": 3, + "nbformat_minor": 0, + "worksheets": [ + { + "cells": [ + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 1, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "A few things that work best/only at the IPython terminal or Qt console clients" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "## Running code with `%run`" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "%%writefile script.py\n", + "x = 10\n", + "y = 20\n", + "z = x+y\n", + "print 'z is:', z" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Writing script.py\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 1 + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "%run script" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "z is: 30\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 2 + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "x" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "metadata": {}, + "output_type": "pyout", + "prompt_number": 3, + "text": [ + "10" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 3 + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Event loop and GUI integration" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "The `%gui` magic enables the integration of GUI event loops with the interactive execution loop, allowing you to run GUI code without blocking IPython.\n", + "\n", + "Consider for example the execution of Qt-based code. Once we enable the Qt gui support:" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "%gui qt" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [], + "prompt_number": 4 + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "We can define a simple Qt application class (simplified version from [this Qt tutorial](http://zetcode.com/tutorials/pyqt4/firstprograms)):" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "import sys\n", + "from PyQt4 import QtGui, QtCore\n", + "\n", + "class SimpleWindow(QtGui.QWidget):\n", + " def __init__(self, parent=None):\n", + " QtGui.QWidget.__init__(self, parent)\n", + "\n", + " self.setGeometry(300, 300, 200, 80)\n", + " self.setWindowTitle('Hello World')\n", + "\n", + " quit = QtGui.QPushButton('Close', self)\n", + " quit.setGeometry(10, 10, 60, 35)\n", + "\n", + " self.connect(quit, QtCore.SIGNAL('clicked()'),\n", + " self, QtCore.SLOT('close()'))" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [], + "prompt_number": 5 + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "And now we can instantiate it:" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "app = QtCore.QCoreApplication.instance()\n", + "if app is None:\n", + " app = QtGui.QApplication([])\n", + "\n", + "sw = SimpleWindow()\n", + "sw.show()\n", + "\n", + "from IPython.lib.guisupport import start_event_loop_qt4\n", + "start_event_loop_qt4(app)" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [], + "prompt_number": 6 + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "But IPython still remains responsive:" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "10+2" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "metadata": {}, + "output_type": "pyout", + "prompt_number": 7, + "text": [ + "12" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 7 + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "The `%gui` magic can be similarly used to control Wx, Tk, glut and pyglet applications, [as can be seen in our examples](https://github.com/ipython/ipython/tree/master/examples/lib)." + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Embedding IPython in a terminal application" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "code", + "collapsed": false, + "input": [ + "%%writefile simple-embed.py\n", + "# This shows how to use the new top-level embed function. It is a simpler\n", + "# API that manages the creation of the embedded shell.\n", + "\n", + "from IPython import embed\n", + "\n", + "a = 10\n", + "b = 20\n", + "\n", + "embed(header='First time', banner1='')\n", + "\n", + "c = 30\n", + "d = 40\n", + "\n", + "embed(header='The second time')" + ], + "language": "python", + "metadata": {}, + "outputs": [ + { + "output_type": "stream", + "stream": "stdout", + "text": [ + "Writing simple-embed.py\n" + ] + } + ], + "prompt_number": 12 + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "The example in kernel-embedding shows how to embed a full kernel into an application and how to connect to this kernel from an external process." + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "heading", + "level": 2, + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "Logging terminal sessions and transitioning to a notebook" + ] + }, + { + "cell_type": "markdown", + "metadata": {}, + "source": [ + "The `%logstart` magic lets you log a terminal session with various degrees of control, and the `%notebook` one will convert an interactive console session into a notebook with all input cells already created for you (but no output)." + ] + } + ], + "metadata": {} + } + ] +} \ No newline at end of file diff --git a/examples/IPython Kernel/data/flare.json b/examples/IPython Kernel/data/flare.json new file mode 100644 index 0000000..b976cd1 --- /dev/null +++ b/examples/IPython Kernel/data/flare.json @@ -0,0 +1,380 @@ +{ + "name": "flare", + "children": [ + { + "name": "analytics", + "children": [ + { + "name": "cluster", + "children": [ + {"name": "AgglomerativeCluster", "size": 3938}, + {"name": "CommunityStructure", "size": 3812}, + {"name": "HierarchicalCluster", "size": 6714}, + {"name": "MergeEdge", "size": 743} + ] + }, + { + "name": "graph", + "children": [ + {"name": "BetweennessCentrality", "size": 3534}, + {"name": "LinkDistance", "size": 5731}, + {"name": "MaxFlowMinCut", "size": 7840}, + {"name": "ShortestPaths", "size": 5914}, + {"name": "SpanningTree", "size": 3416} + ] + }, + { + "name": "optimization", + "children": [ + {"name": "AspectRatioBanker", "size": 7074} + ] + } + ] + }, + { + "name": "animate", + "children": [ + {"name": "Easing", "size": 17010}, + {"name": "FunctionSequence", "size": 5842}, + { + "name": "interpolate", + "children": [ + {"name": "ArrayInterpolator", "size": 1983}, + {"name": "ColorInterpolator", "size": 2047}, + {"name": "DateInterpolator", "size": 1375}, + {"name": "Interpolator", "size": 8746}, + {"name": "MatrixInterpolator", "size": 2202}, + {"name": "NumberInterpolator", "size": 1382}, + {"name": "ObjectInterpolator", "size": 1629}, + {"name": "PointInterpolator", "size": 1675}, + {"name": "RectangleInterpolator", "size": 2042} + ] + }, + {"name": "ISchedulable", "size": 1041}, + {"name": "Parallel", "size": 5176}, + {"name": "Pause", "size": 449}, + {"name": "Scheduler", "size": 5593}, + {"name": "Sequence", "size": 5534}, + {"name": "Transition", "size": 9201}, + {"name": "Transitioner", "size": 19975}, + {"name": "TransitionEvent", "size": 1116}, + {"name": "Tween", "size": 6006} + ] + }, + { + "name": "data", + "children": [ + { + "name": "converters", + "children": [ + {"name": "Converters", "size": 721}, + {"name": "DelimitedTextConverter", "size": 4294}, + {"name": "GraphMLConverter", "size": 9800}, + {"name": "IDataConverter", "size": 1314}, + {"name": "JSONConverter", "size": 2220} + ] + }, + {"name": "DataField", "size": 1759}, + {"name": "DataSchema", "size": 2165}, + {"name": "DataSet", "size": 586}, + {"name": "DataSource", "size": 3331}, + {"name": "DataTable", "size": 772}, + {"name": "DataUtil", "size": 3322} + ] + }, + { + "name": "display", + "children": [ + {"name": "DirtySprite", "size": 8833}, + {"name": "LineSprite", "size": 1732}, + {"name": "RectSprite", "size": 3623}, + {"name": "TextSprite", "size": 10066} + ] + }, + { + "name": "flex", + "children": [ + {"name": "FlareVis", "size": 4116} + ] + }, + { + "name": "physics", + "children": [ + {"name": "DragForce", "size": 1082}, + {"name": "GravityForce", "size": 1336}, + {"name": "IForce", "size": 319}, + {"name": "NBodyForce", "size": 10498}, + {"name": "Particle", "size": 2822}, + {"name": "Simulation", "size": 9983}, + {"name": "Spring", "size": 2213}, + {"name": "SpringForce", "size": 1681} + ] + }, + { + "name": "query", + "children": [ + {"name": "AggregateExpression", "size": 1616}, + {"name": "And", "size": 1027}, + {"name": "Arithmetic", "size": 3891}, + {"name": "Average", "size": 891}, + {"name": "BinaryExpression", "size": 2893}, + {"name": "Comparison", "size": 5103}, + {"name": "CompositeExpression", "size": 3677}, + {"name": "Count", "size": 781}, + {"name": "DateUtil", "size": 4141}, + {"name": "Distinct", "size": 933}, + {"name": "Expression", "size": 5130}, + {"name": "ExpressionIterator", "size": 3617}, + {"name": "Fn", "size": 3240}, + {"name": "If", "size": 2732}, + {"name": "IsA", "size": 2039}, + {"name": "Literal", "size": 1214}, + {"name": "Match", "size": 3748}, + {"name": "Maximum", "size": 843}, + { + "name": "methods", + "children": [ + {"name": "add", "size": 593}, + {"name": "and", "size": 330}, + {"name": "average", "size": 287}, + {"name": "count", "size": 277}, + {"name": "distinct", "size": 292}, + {"name": "div", "size": 595}, + {"name": "eq", "size": 594}, + {"name": "fn", "size": 460}, + {"name": "gt", "size": 603}, + {"name": "gte", "size": 625}, + {"name": "iff", "size": 748}, + {"name": "isa", "size": 461}, + {"name": "lt", "size": 597}, + {"name": "lte", "size": 619}, + {"name": "max", "size": 283}, + {"name": "min", "size": 283}, + {"name": "mod", "size": 591}, + {"name": "mul", "size": 603}, + {"name": "neq", "size": 599}, + {"name": "not", "size": 386}, + {"name": "or", "size": 323}, + {"name": "orderby", "size": 307}, + {"name": "range", "size": 772}, + {"name": "select", "size": 296}, + {"name": "stddev", "size": 363}, + {"name": "sub", "size": 600}, + {"name": "sum", "size": 280}, + {"name": "update", "size": 307}, + {"name": "variance", "size": 335}, + {"name": "where", "size": 299}, + {"name": "xor", "size": 354}, + {"name": "_", "size": 264} + ] + }, + {"name": "Minimum", "size": 843}, + {"name": "Not", "size": 1554}, + {"name": "Or", "size": 970}, + {"name": "Query", "size": 13896}, + {"name": "Range", "size": 1594}, + {"name": "StringUtil", "size": 4130}, + {"name": "Sum", "size": 791}, + {"name": "Variable", "size": 1124}, + {"name": "Variance", "size": 1876}, + {"name": "Xor", "size": 1101} + ] + }, + { + "name": "scale", + "children": [ + {"name": "IScaleMap", "size": 2105}, + {"name": "LinearScale", "size": 1316}, + {"name": "LogScale", "size": 3151}, + {"name": "OrdinalScale", "size": 3770}, + {"name": "QuantileScale", "size": 2435}, + {"name": "QuantitativeScale", "size": 4839}, + {"name": "RootScale", "size": 1756}, + {"name": "Scale", "size": 4268}, + {"name": "ScaleType", "size": 1821}, + {"name": "TimeScale", "size": 5833} + ] + }, + { + "name": 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