##// END OF EJS Templates
updated Basic Output notebook with new %%capture
Paul Ivanov -
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@@ -1,162 +1,173 b''
1 1 # encoding: utf-8
2 2 """
3 3 IO capturing utilities.
4 4 """
5 5
6 6 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
7 7 # Copyright (C) 2013 The IPython Development Team
8 8 #
9 9 # Distributed under the terms of the BSD License. The full license is in
10 10 # the file COPYING, distributed as part of this software.
11 11 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
12 12 from __future__ import print_function
13 13
14 14 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
15 15 # Imports
16 16 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
17 17
18 18 import sys
19 19 from StringIO import StringIO
20 20
21 21 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
22 22 # Classes and functions
23 23 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
24 24
25 25
26 26 class RichOutput(object):
27 27 def __init__(self, source, data, metadata):
28 28 self.source = source
29 29 self.data = data or {}
30 30 self.metadata = metadata or {}
31 31
32 32 def display(self):
33 33 from IPython.display import publish_display_data
34 34 publish_display_data(self.source, self.data, self.metadata)
35 35
36 36 def _repr_mime_(self, mime):
37 37 if mime not in self.data:
38 38 return
39 39 data = self.data[mime]
40 40 if mime in self.metadata:
41 41 return data, self.metadata[mime]
42 42 else:
43 43 return data
44 44
45 45 def _repr_html_(self):
46 46 return self._repr_mime_("text/html")
47 47
48 48 def _repr_latex_(self):
49 49 return self._repr_mime_("text/latex")
50 50
51 51 def _repr_json_(self):
52 52 return self._repr_mime_("application/json")
53 53
54 54 def _repr_javascript_(self):
55 55 return self._repr_mime_("application/javascript")
56 56
57 57 def _repr_png_(self):
58 58 return self._repr_mime_("image/png")
59 59
60 60 def _repr_jpeg_(self):
61 61 return self._repr_mime_("image/jpg")
62 62
63 63 def _repr_svg_(self):
64 64 return self._repr_mime_("image/svg+xml")
65 65
66 66
67 67 class CapturedIO(object):
68 68 """Simple object for containing captured stdout/err and rich display StringIO objects
69 69
70 70 Each instance `c` has three attributes:
71 71
72 72 c.stdout : standard output as a string
73 73 c.stderr : standard error as a string
74 74 c.outputs: a list of rich display outputs
75 75
76 76 Additionally, there's a `c.show()` method which will print all of the
77 77 above in the same order, and can be invoked simply via `c()`.
78 78 """
79 79
80 80 def __init__(self, stdout, stderr, outputs=None):
81 81 self._stdout = stdout
82 82 self._stderr = stderr
83 83 if outputs is None:
84 84 outputs = []
85 85 self._outputs = outputs
86 86
87 87 def __str__(self):
88 88 return self.stdout
89 89
90 90 @property
91 91 def stdout(self):
92 "Captured standard output"
92 93 if not self._stdout:
93 94 return ''
94 95 return self._stdout.getvalue()
95 96
96 97 @property
97 98 def stderr(self):
99 "Captured standard error"
98 100 if not self._stderr:
99 101 return ''
100 102 return self._stderr.getvalue()
101 103
102 104 @property
103 105 def outputs(self):
106 """A list of the captured rich display outputs, if any.
107
108 If you have a CapturedIO object `c`, these can be displayed in IPython
109 using:
110
111 from IPython.display import display
112 for o in c.outputs:
113 display(o)
114 """
104 115 return [ RichOutput(s, d, md) for s, d, md in self._outputs ]
105 116
106 117 def show(self):
107 118 """write my output to sys.stdout/err as appropriate"""
108 119 sys.stdout.write(self.stdout)
109 120 sys.stderr.write(self.stderr)
110 121 sys.stdout.flush()
111 122 sys.stderr.flush()
112 123 for source, data, metadata in self._outputs:
113 124 RichOutput(source, data, metadata).display()
114 125
115 126 __call__ = show
116 127
117 128
118 129 class capture_output(object):
119 130 """context manager for capturing stdout/err"""
120 131 stdout = True
121 132 stderr = True
122 133 display = True
123 134
124 135 def __init__(self, stdout=True, stderr=True, display=True):
125 136 self.stdout = stdout
126 137 self.stderr = stderr
127 138 self.display = display
128 139 self.shell = None
129 140
130 141 def __enter__(self):
131 142 from IPython.core.getipython import get_ipython
132 143 from IPython.core.displaypub import CapturingDisplayPublisher
133 144
134 145 self.sys_stdout = sys.stdout
135 146 self.sys_stderr = sys.stderr
136 147
137 148 if self.display:
138 149 self.shell = get_ipython()
139 150 if self.shell is None:
140 151 self.save_display_pub = None
141 152 self.display = False
142 153
143 154 stdout = stderr = outputs = None
144 155 if self.stdout:
145 156 stdout = sys.stdout = StringIO()
146 157 if self.stderr:
147 158 stderr = sys.stderr = StringIO()
148 159 if self.display:
149 160 self.save_display_pub = self.shell.display_pub
150 161 self.shell.display_pub = CapturingDisplayPublisher()
151 162 outputs = self.shell.display_pub.outputs
152 163
153 164
154 165 return CapturedIO(stdout, stderr, outputs)
155 166
156 167 def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_value, traceback):
157 168 sys.stdout = self.sys_stdout
158 169 sys.stderr = self.sys_stderr
159 170 if self.display and self.shell:
160 171 self.shell.display_pub = self.save_display_pub
161 172
162 173
@@ -1,1163 +1,1178 b''
1 1 {
2 2 "metadata": {
3 3 "name": ""
4 4 },
5 5 "nbformat": 3,
6 6 "nbformat_minor": 0,
7 7 "worksheets": [
8 8 {
9 9 "cells": [
10 10 {
11 11 "cell_type": "heading",
12 12 "level": 1,
13 13 "metadata": {},
14 14 "source": [
15 15 "Basic Output"
16 16 ]
17 17 },
18 18 {
19 19 "cell_type": "markdown",
20 20 "metadata": {},
21 21 "source": [
22 22 "When a cell is run, it can generate *output*. In IPython, the definition of output is quite general; it can be text, images, LaTeX, HTML or JSON. All output is displayed below the code that generated it, in the *output area*.\n",
23 23 "\n",
24 24 "This Notebook describes the basics of output and shows how the `stdout/stderr` streams are handled."
25 25 ]
26 26 },
27 27 {
28 28 "cell_type": "heading",
29 29 "level": 2,
30 30 "metadata": {},
31 31 "source": [
32 32 "Displayhook"
33 33 ]
34 34 },
35 35 {
36 36 "cell_type": "markdown",
37 37 "metadata": {},
38 38 "source": [
39 39 "When a Python object is returned by an expression, Python's `displayhook` mechanism is triggered. In IPython, this results in an output prompt, such as `Out[2]`. These objects are then available under the variables:\n",
40 40 "\n",
41 41 "* `_` (last output)\n",
42 42 "* `__` (second to last output)\n",
43 43 "* `_N` (`Out[N]`)"
44 44 ]
45 45 },
46 46 {
47 47 "cell_type": "code",
48 48 "collapsed": false,
49 49 "input": [
50 50 "import numpy as np\n",
51 51 "import sys"
52 52 ],
53 53 "language": "python",
54 54 "metadata": {},
55 55 "outputs": [],
56 56 "prompt_number": 1
57 57 },
58 58 {
59 59 "cell_type": "code",
60 60 "collapsed": false,
61 61 "input": [
62 62 "np.random.rand(10)"
63 63 ],
64 64 "language": "python",
65 65 "metadata": {},
66 66 "outputs": [
67 67 {
68 68 "metadata": {},
69 69 "output_type": "pyout",
70 70 "prompt_number": 2,
71 71 "text": [
72 72 "array([ 0.75222263, 0.72102181, 0.15122973, 0.00386071, 0.21584229,\n",
73 73 " 0.72508214, 0.16864276, 0.96639874, 0.92500381, 0.30806583])"
74 74 ]
75 75 }
76 76 ],
77 77 "prompt_number": 2
78 78 },
79 79 {
80 80 "cell_type": "code",
81 81 "collapsed": false,
82 82 "input": [
83 83 "np.sin(_)"
84 84 ],
85 85 "language": "python",
86 86 "metadata": {},
87 87 "outputs": [
88 88 {
89 89 "metadata": {},
90 90 "output_type": "pyout",
91 91 "prompt_number": 3,
92 92 "text": [
93 93 "array([ 0.68326335, 0.66015253, 0.15065394, 0.0038607 , 0.21417025,\n",
94 94 " 0.66319692, 0.16784452, 0.82284458, 0.79862306, 0.3032161 ])"
95 95 ]
96 96 }
97 97 ],
98 98 "prompt_number": 3
99 99 },
100 100 {
101 101 "cell_type": "heading",
102 102 "level": 2,
103 103 "metadata": {},
104 104 "source": [
105 105 "sys.stdout and sys.stderr"
106 106 ]
107 107 },
108 108 {
109 109 "cell_type": "markdown",
110 110 "metadata": {},
111 111 "source": [
112 112 "The stdout and stderr streams are displayed as text in the output area."
113 113 ]
114 114 },
115 115 {
116 116 "cell_type": "code",
117 117 "collapsed": false,
118 118 "input": [
119 119 "print(\"hi, stdout\")"
120 120 ],
121 121 "language": "python",
122 122 "metadata": {},
123 123 "outputs": [
124 124 {
125 125 "output_type": "stream",
126 126 "stream": "stdout",
127 127 "text": [
128 128 "hi, stdout\n"
129 129 ]
130 130 }
131 131 ],
132 132 "prompt_number": 4
133 133 },
134 134 {
135 135 "cell_type": "code",
136 136 "collapsed": false,
137 137 "input": [
138 138 "from __future__ import print_function\n",
139 139 "print('hi, stderr', file=sys.stderr)"
140 140 ],
141 141 "language": "python",
142 142 "metadata": {},
143 143 "outputs": [
144 144 {
145 145 "output_type": "stream",
146 146 "stream": "stderr",
147 147 "text": [
148 148 "hi, stderr\n"
149 149 ]
150 150 }
151 151 ],
152 152 "prompt_number": 5
153 153 },
154 154 {
155 155 "cell_type": "heading",
156 156 "level": 2,
157 157 "metadata": {},
158 158 "source": [
159 159 "Output is asynchronous"
160 160 ]
161 161 },
162 162 {
163 163 "cell_type": "markdown",
164 164 "metadata": {},
165 165 "source": [
166 166 "All output is displayed asynchronously as it is generated in the Kernel. If you execute the next cell, you will see the output one piece at a time, not all at the end."
167 167 ]
168 168 },
169 169 {
170 170 "cell_type": "code",
171 171 "collapsed": false,
172 172 "input": [
173 173 "import time, sys\n",
174 174 "for i in range(8):\n",
175 175 " print(i)\n",
176 176 " time.sleep(0.5)"
177 177 ],
178 178 "language": "python",
179 179 "metadata": {},
180 180 "outputs": [
181 181 {
182 182 "output_type": "stream",
183 183 "stream": "stdout",
184 184 "text": [
185 185 "0\n",
186 186 "1"
187 187 ]
188 188 },
189 189 {
190 190 "output_type": "stream",
191 191 "stream": "stdout",
192 192 "text": [
193 193 "\n",
194 194 "2"
195 195 ]
196 196 },
197 197 {
198 198 "output_type": "stream",
199 199 "stream": "stdout",
200 200 "text": [
201 201 "\n",
202 202 "3"
203 203 ]
204 204 },
205 205 {
206 206 "output_type": "stream",
207 207 "stream": "stdout",
208 208 "text": [
209 209 "\n",
210 210 "4"
211 211 ]
212 212 },
213 213 {
214 214 "output_type": "stream",
215 215 "stream": "stdout",
216 216 "text": [
217 217 "\n",
218 218 "5"
219 219 ]
220 220 },
221 221 {
222 222 "output_type": "stream",
223 223 "stream": "stdout",
224 224 "text": [
225 225 "\n",
226 226 "6"
227 227 ]
228 228 },
229 229 {
230 230 "output_type": "stream",
231 231 "stream": "stdout",
232 232 "text": [
233 233 "\n",
234 234 "7"
235 235 ]
236 236 },
237 237 {
238 238 "output_type": "stream",
239 239 "stream": "stdout",
240 240 "text": [
241 241 "\n"
242 242 ]
243 243 }
244 244 ],
245 245 "prompt_number": 6
246 246 },
247 247 {
248 248 "cell_type": "heading",
249 249 "level": 2,
250 250 "metadata": {},
251 251 "source": [
252 252 "Large outputs"
253 253 ]
254 254 },
255 255 {
256 256 "cell_type": "markdown",
257 257 "metadata": {},
258 258 "source": [
259 259 "To better handle large outputs, the output area can be collapsed. Run the following cell and then single- or double- click on the active area to the left of the output:"
260 260 ]
261 261 },
262 262 {
263 263 "cell_type": "code",
264 264 "collapsed": false,
265 265 "input": [
266 266 "for i in range(50):\n",
267 267 " print(i)"
268 268 ],
269 269 "language": "python",
270 270 "metadata": {},
271 271 "outputs": [
272 272 {
273 273 "output_type": "stream",
274 274 "stream": "stdout",
275 275 "text": [
276 276 "0\n",
277 277 "1\n",
278 278 "2\n",
279 279 "3\n",
280 280 "4\n",
281 281 "5\n",
282 282 "6\n",
283 283 "7\n",
284 284 "8\n",
285 285 "9\n",
286 286 "10\n",
287 287 "11\n",
288 288 "12\n",
289 289 "13\n",
290 290 "14\n",
291 291 "15\n",
292 292 "16\n",
293 293 "17\n",
294 294 "18\n",
295 295 "19\n",
296 296 "20\n",
297 297 "21\n",
298 298 "22\n",
299 299 "23\n",
300 300 "24\n",
301 301 "25\n",
302 302 "26\n",
303 303 "27\n",
304 304 "28\n",
305 305 "29\n",
306 306 "30\n",
307 307 "31\n",
308 308 "32\n",
309 309 "33\n",
310 310 "34\n",
311 311 "35\n",
312 312 "36\n",
313 313 "37\n",
314 314 "38\n",
315 315 "39\n",
316 316 "40\n",
317 317 "41\n",
318 318 "42\n",
319 319 "43\n",
320 320 "44\n",
321 321 "45\n",
322 322 "46\n",
323 323 "47\n",
324 324 "48\n",
325 325 "49\n"
326 326 ]
327 327 }
328 328 ],
329 329 "prompt_number": 7
330 330 },
331 331 {
332 332 "cell_type": "markdown",
333 333 "metadata": {},
334 334 "source": [
335 335 "Beyond a certain point, output will scroll automatically:"
336 336 ]
337 337 },
338 338 {
339 339 "cell_type": "code",
340 340 "collapsed": false,
341 341 "input": [
342 342 "for i in range(500):\n",
343 343 " print(2**i - 1)"
344 344 ],
345 345 "language": "python",
346 346 "metadata": {},
347 347 "outputs": [
348 348 {
349 349 "output_type": "stream",
350 350 "stream": "stdout",
351 351 "text": [
352 352 "0\n",
353 353 "1\n",
354 354 "3\n",
355 355 "7\n",
356 356 "15\n",
357 357 "31\n",
358 358 "63\n",
359 359 "127\n",
360 360 "255\n",
361 361 "511\n",
362 362 "1023\n",
363 363 "2047\n",
364 364 "4095\n",
365 365 "8191\n",
366 366 "16383\n",
367 367 "32767\n",
368 368 "65535\n",
369 369 "131071\n",
370 370 "262143\n",
371 371 "524287\n",
372 372 "1048575\n",
373 373 "2097151\n",
374 374 "4194303\n",
375 375 "8388607\n",
376 376 "16777215\n",
377 377 "33554431\n",
378 378 "67108863\n",
379 379 "134217727\n",
380 380 "268435455\n",
381 381 "536870911\n",
382 382 "1073741823\n",
383 383 "2147483647\n",
384 384 "4294967295\n",
385 385 "8589934591\n",
386 386 "17179869183\n",
387 387 "34359738367\n",
388 388 "68719476735\n",
389 389 "137438953471\n",
390 390 "274877906943\n",
391 391 "549755813887\n",
392 392 "1099511627775\n",
393 393 "2199023255551\n",
394 394 "4398046511103\n",
395 395 "8796093022207\n",
396 396 "17592186044415\n",
397 397 "35184372088831\n",
398 398 "70368744177663\n",
399 399 "140737488355327\n",
400 400 "281474976710655\n",
401 401 "562949953421311\n",
402 402 "1125899906842623\n",
403 403 "2251799813685247\n",
404 404 "4503599627370495\n",
405 405 "9007199254740991\n",
406 406 "18014398509481983\n",
407 407 "36028797018963967\n",
408 408 "72057594037927935\n",
409 409 "144115188075855871\n",
410 410 "288230376151711743\n",
411 411 "576460752303423487\n",
412 412 "1152921504606846975\n",
413 413 "2305843009213693951\n",
414 414 "4611686018427387903\n",
415 415 "9223372036854775807\n",
416 416 "18446744073709551615\n",
417 417 "36893488147419103231\n",
418 418 "73786976294838206463\n",
419 419 "147573952589676412927\n",
420 420 "295147905179352825855\n",
421 421 "590295810358705651711\n",
422 422 "1180591620717411303423\n",
423 423 "2361183241434822606847\n",
424 424 "4722366482869645213695\n",
425 425 "9444732965739290427391\n",
426 426 "18889465931478580854783\n",
427 427 "37778931862957161709567\n",
428 428 "75557863725914323419135\n",
429 429 "151115727451828646838271\n",
430 430 "302231454903657293676543\n",
431 431 "604462909807314587353087\n",
432 432 "1208925819614629174706175\n",
433 433 "2417851639229258349412351\n",
434 434 "4835703278458516698824703\n",
435 435 "9671406556917033397649407\n",
436 436 "19342813113834066795298815\n",
437 437 "38685626227668133590597631\n",
438 438 "77371252455336267181195263\n",
439 439 "154742504910672534362390527\n",
440 440 "309485009821345068724781055\n",
441 441 "618970019642690137449562111\n",
442 442 "1237940039285380274899124223\n",
443 443 "2475880078570760549798248447\n",
444 444 "4951760157141521099596496895\n",
445 445 "9903520314283042199192993791\n",
446 446 "19807040628566084398385987583\n",
447 447 "39614081257132168796771975167\n",
448 448 "79228162514264337593543950335\n",
449 449 "158456325028528675187087900671\n",
450 450 "316912650057057350374175801343\n",
451 451 "633825300114114700748351602687\n",
452 452 "1267650600228229401496703205375\n",
453 453 "2535301200456458802993406410751\n",
454 454 "5070602400912917605986812821503\n",
455 455 "10141204801825835211973625643007\n",
456 456 "20282409603651670423947251286015\n",
457 457 "40564819207303340847894502572031\n",
458 458 "81129638414606681695789005144063\n",
459 459 "162259276829213363391578010288127\n",
460 460 "324518553658426726783156020576255\n",
461 461 "649037107316853453566312041152511\n",
462 462 "1298074214633706907132624082305023\n",
463 463 "2596148429267413814265248164610047\n",
464 464 "5192296858534827628530496329220095\n",
465 465 "10384593717069655257060992658440191\n",
466 466 "20769187434139310514121985316880383\n",
467 467 "41538374868278621028243970633760767\n",
468 468 "83076749736557242056487941267521535\n",
469 469 "166153499473114484112975882535043071\n",
470 470 "332306998946228968225951765070086143\n",
471 471 "664613997892457936451903530140172287\n",
472 472 "1329227995784915872903807060280344575\n",
473 473 "2658455991569831745807614120560689151\n",
474 474 "5316911983139663491615228241121378303\n",
475 475 "10633823966279326983230456482242756607\n",
476 476 "21267647932558653966460912964485513215\n",
477 477 "42535295865117307932921825928971026431\n",
478 478 "85070591730234615865843651857942052863\n",
479 479 "170141183460469231731687303715884105727\n",
480 480 "340282366920938463463374607431768211455\n",
481 481 "680564733841876926926749214863536422911\n",
482 482 "1361129467683753853853498429727072845823\n",
483 483 "2722258935367507707706996859454145691647\n",
484 484 "5444517870735015415413993718908291383295\n",
485 485 "10889035741470030830827987437816582766591\n",
486 486 "21778071482940061661655974875633165533183\n",
487 487 "43556142965880123323311949751266331066367\n",
488 488 "87112285931760246646623899502532662132735\n",
489 489 "174224571863520493293247799005065324265471\n",
490 490 "348449143727040986586495598010130648530943\n",
491 491 "696898287454081973172991196020261297061887\n",
492 492 "1393796574908163946345982392040522594123775\n",
493 493 "2787593149816327892691964784081045188247551\n",
494 494 "5575186299632655785383929568162090376495103\n",
495 495 "11150372599265311570767859136324180752990207\n",
496 496 "22300745198530623141535718272648361505980415\n",
497 497 "44601490397061246283071436545296723011960831\n",
498 498 "89202980794122492566142873090593446023921663\n",
499 499 "178405961588244985132285746181186892047843327\n",
500 500 "356811923176489970264571492362373784095686655\n",
501 501 "713623846352979940529142984724747568191373311\n",
502 502 "1427247692705959881058285969449495136382746623\n",
503 503 "2854495385411919762116571938898990272765493247\n",
504 504 "5708990770823839524233143877797980545530986495\n",
505 505 "11417981541647679048466287755595961091061972991\n",
506 506 "22835963083295358096932575511191922182123945983\n",
507 507 "45671926166590716193865151022383844364247891967\n",
508 508 "91343852333181432387730302044767688728495783935\n",
509 509 "182687704666362864775460604089535377456991567871\n",
510 510 "365375409332725729550921208179070754913983135743\n",
511 511 "730750818665451459101842416358141509827966271487\n",
512 512 "1461501637330902918203684832716283019655932542975\n",
513 513 "2923003274661805836407369665432566039311865085951\n",
514 514 "5846006549323611672814739330865132078623730171903\n",
515 515 "11692013098647223345629478661730264157247460343807\n",
516 516 "23384026197294446691258957323460528314494920687615\n",
517 517 "46768052394588893382517914646921056628989841375231\n",
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852 852 ]
853 853 }
854 854 ],
855 855 "prompt_number": 8
856 856 },
857 857 {
858 858 "cell_type": "heading",
859 859 "level": 2,
860 860 "metadata": {},
861 861 "source": [
862 862 "Capturing output with <tt>%%capture</tt>"
863 863 ]
864 864 },
865 865 {
866 866 "cell_type": "markdown",
867 867 "metadata": {},
868 868 "source": [
869 "IPython has a cell magic, `%%capture`, which captures the stdout/stderr of a cell. With this magic you can discard these streams or store them in a variable."
869 "IPython has a [cell magic](Cell%20Magics.ipynb), `%%capture`, which captures the stdout/stderr of a cell. With this magic you can discard these streams or store them in a variable."
870 870 ]
871 871 },
872 872 {
873 873 "cell_type": "code",
874 874 "collapsed": false,
875 875 "input": [
876 876 "from __future__ import print_function\n",
877 877 "import sys"
878 878 ],
879 879 "language": "python",
880 880 "metadata": {},
881 881 "outputs": [],
882 882 "prompt_number": 9
883 883 },
884 884 {
885 885 "cell_type": "markdown",
886 886 "metadata": {},
887 887 "source": [
888 888 "By default, `%%capture` discards these streams. This is a simple way to suppress unwanted output."
889 889 ]
890 890 },
891 891 {
892 892 "cell_type": "code",
893 893 "collapsed": false,
894 894 "input": [
895 895 "%%capture\n",
896 896 "print('hi, stdout')\n",
897 897 "print('hi, stderr', file=sys.stderr)"
898 898 ],
899 899 "language": "python",
900 900 "metadata": {},
901 901 "outputs": [],
902 902 "prompt_number": 10
903 903 },
904 904 {
905 905 "cell_type": "markdown",
906 906 "metadata": {},
907 907 "source": [
908 908 "If you specify a name, then stdout/stderr will be stored in an object in your namespace."
909 909 ]
910 910 },
911 911 {
912 912 "cell_type": "code",
913 913 "collapsed": false,
914 914 "input": [
915 915 "%%capture captured\n",
916 916 "print('hi, stdout')\n",
917 917 "print('hi, stderr', file=sys.stderr)"
918 918 ],
919 919 "language": "python",
920 920 "metadata": {},
921 921 "outputs": [],
922 922 "prompt_number": 11
923 923 },
924 924 {
925 925 "cell_type": "code",
926 926 "collapsed": false,
927 927 "input": [
928 928 "captured"
929 929 ],
930 930 "language": "python",
931 931 "metadata": {},
932 932 "outputs": [
933 933 {
934 934 "metadata": {},
935 935 "output_type": "pyout",
936 936 "prompt_number": 12,
937 937 "text": [
938 "<IPython.utils.io.CapturedIO at 0x103cf9190>"
938 "<IPython.utils.capture.CapturedIO at 0x2b9f710>"
939 939 ]
940 940 }
941 941 ],
942 942 "prompt_number": 12
943 943 },
944 944 {
945 945 "cell_type": "markdown",
946 946 "metadata": {},
947 947 "source": [
948 948 "Calling the object writes the output to stdout/stderr as appropriate."
949 949 ]
950 950 },
951 951 {
952 952 "cell_type": "code",
953 953 "collapsed": false,
954 954 "input": [
955 955 "captured()"
956 956 ],
957 957 "language": "python",
958 958 "metadata": {},
959 959 "outputs": [
960 960 {
961 961 "output_type": "stream",
962 962 "stream": "stdout",
963 963 "text": [
964 964 "hi, stdout\n"
965 965 ]
966 966 },
967 967 {
968 968 "output_type": "stream",
969 969 "stream": "stderr",
970 970 "text": [
971 971 "hi, stderr\n"
972 972 ]
973 973 }
974 974 ],
975 975 "prompt_number": 13
976 976 },
977 977 {
978 978 "cell_type": "code",
979 979 "collapsed": false,
980 980 "input": [
981 981 "captured.stdout"
982 982 ],
983 983 "language": "python",
984 984 "metadata": {},
985 985 "outputs": [
986 986 {
987 987 "metadata": {},
988 988 "output_type": "pyout",
989 989 "prompt_number": 14,
990 990 "text": [
991 991 "'hi, stdout\\n'"
992 992 ]
993 993 }
994 994 ],
995 995 "prompt_number": 14
996 996 },
997 997 {
998 998 "cell_type": "code",
999 999 "collapsed": false,
1000 1000 "input": [
1001 1001 "captured.stderr"
1002 1002 ],
1003 1003 "language": "python",
1004 1004 "metadata": {},
1005 1005 "outputs": [
1006 1006 {
1007 1007 "metadata": {},
1008 1008 "output_type": "pyout",
1009 1009 "prompt_number": 15,
1010 1010 "text": [
1011 1011 "'hi, stderr\\n'"
1012 1012 ]
1013 1013 }
1014 1014 ],
1015 1015 "prompt_number": 15
1016 1016 },
1017 1017 {
1018 1018 "cell_type": "markdown",
1019 1019 "metadata": {},
1020 1020 "source": [
1021 "`%%capture` only captures stdout/stderr, not other output types, so you can still do plots and use IPython's display system inside `%%capture`"
1021 "`%%capture` grabs all output types, not just stdout/stderr, so you can do plots and use IPython's display system inside `%%capture`"
1022 1022 ]
1023 1023 },
1024 1024 {
1025 1025 "cell_type": "code",
1026 1026 "collapsed": false,
1027 1027 "input": [
1028 1028 "%matplotlib inline\n",
1029 1029 "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt\n",
1030 1030 "import numpy as np"
1031 1031 ],
1032 1032 "language": "python",
1033 1033 "metadata": {},
1034 1034 "outputs": [],
1035 1035 "prompt_number": 16
1036 1036 },
1037 1037 {
1038 1038 "cell_type": "code",
1039 1039 "collapsed": false,
1040 1040 "input": [
1041 1041 "%%capture wontshutup\n",
1042 1042 "\n",
1043 1043 "print(\"setting up X\")\n",
1044 1044 "x = np.linspace(0,5,1000)\n",
1045 1045 "print(\"step 2: constructing y-data\")\n",
1046 1046 "y = np.sin(x)\n",
1047 1047 "print(\"step 3: display info about y\")\n",
1048 1048 "plt.plot(x,y)\n",
1049 1049 "print(\"okay, I'm done now\")"
1050 1050 ],
1051 1051 "language": "python",
1052 1052 "metadata": {},
1053 "outputs": [
1054 {
1055 "output_type": "display_data",
1056 "png": 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8aAr0xo0wfboZ9f/3v1C2rDlmoVw5KFbMfK7bDUePmtM0zzY57rjDfDRoYFb8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\nRU5ErkJggg==\n",
1057 "text": [
1058 "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x108356ed0>"
1059 ]
1060 }
1061 ],
1053 "outputs": [],
1062 1054 "prompt_number": 17
1063 1055 },
1064 1056 {
1065 1057 "cell_type": "code",
1066 1058 "collapsed": false,
1067 1059 "input": [
1068 1060 "wontshutup()"
1069 1061 ],
1070 1062 "language": "python",
1071 1063 "metadata": {},
1072 1064 "outputs": [
1073 1065 {
1074 1066 "output_type": "stream",
1075 1067 "stream": "stdout",
1076 1068 "text": [
1077 1069 "setting up X\n",
1078 1070 "step 2: constructing y-data\n",
1079 1071 "step 3: display info about y\n",
1080 1072 "okay, I'm done now\n"
1081 1073 ]
1074 },
1075 {
1076 "metadata": {},
1077 "output_type": "display_data",
1078 "png": 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1079 "text": [
1080 "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x3817cd0>"
1081 ]
1082 1082 }
1083 1083 ],
1084 1084 "prompt_number": 18
1085 1085 },
1086 1086 {
1087 1087 "cell_type": "markdown",
1088 1088 "metadata": {},
1089 1089 "source": [
1090 "And you can selectively disable capturing stdout or stderr by passing `--no-stdout/err`."
1090 "And you can selectively disable capturing stdout, stderr or rich display, by passing `--no-stdout`, `--no-stderr` and `--no-display`"
1091 1091 ]
1092 1092 },
1093 1093 {
1094 1094 "cell_type": "code",
1095 1095 "collapsed": false,
1096 1096 "input": [
1097 1097 "%%capture cap --no-stderr\n",
1098 1098 "print('hi, stdout')\n",
1099 1099 "print(\"hello, stderr\", file=sys.stderr)"
1100 1100 ],
1101 1101 "language": "python",
1102 1102 "metadata": {},
1103 1103 "outputs": [
1104 1104 {
1105 1105 "output_type": "stream",
1106 1106 "stream": "stderr",
1107 1107 "text": [
1108 "hello, stderr"
1109 ]
1110 },
1111 {
1112 "output_type": "stream",
1113 "stream": "stderr",
1114 "text": [
1115 "\n"
1108 "hello, stderr\n"
1116 1109 ]
1117 1110 }
1118 1111 ],
1119 1112 "prompt_number": 19
1120 1113 },
1121 1114 {
1122 1115 "cell_type": "code",
1123 1116 "collapsed": false,
1124 1117 "input": [
1125 1118 "cap.stdout"
1126 1119 ],
1127 1120 "language": "python",
1128 1121 "metadata": {},
1129 1122 "outputs": [
1130 1123 {
1124 "metadata": {},
1131 1125 "output_type": "pyout",
1132 1126 "prompt_number": 20,
1133 1127 "text": [
1134 1128 "'hi, stdout\\n'"
1135 1129 ]
1136 1130 }
1137 1131 ],
1138 1132 "prompt_number": 20
1139 1133 },
1140 1134 {
1141 1135 "cell_type": "code",
1142 1136 "collapsed": false,
1143 1137 "input": [
1144 1138 "cap.stderr"
1145 1139 ],
1146 1140 "language": "python",
1147 1141 "metadata": {},
1148 1142 "outputs": [
1149 1143 {
1144 "metadata": {},
1150 1145 "output_type": "pyout",
1151 1146 "prompt_number": 21,
1152 1147 "text": [
1153 1148 "''"
1154 1149 ]
1155 1150 }
1156 1151 ],
1157 1152 "prompt_number": 21
1153 },
1154 {
1155 "cell_type": "code",
1156 "collapsed": false,
1157 "input": [
1158 "cap.outputs"
1159 ],
1160 "language": "python",
1161 "metadata": {},
1162 "outputs": [
1163 {
1164 "metadata": {},
1165 "output_type": "pyout",
1166 "prompt_number": 22,
1167 "text": [
1168 "[]"
1169 ]
1170 }
1171 ],
1172 "prompt_number": 22
1158 1173 }
1159 1174 ],
1160 1175 "metadata": {}
1161 1176 }
1162 1177 ]
1163 1178 } No newline at end of file
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