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@@ -1,1614 +1,1614 b'' | |||
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1 | 1 | # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- |
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2 | 2 | """Implementation of execution-related magic functions.""" |
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3 | 3 | |
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4 | 4 | # Copyright (c) IPython Development Team. |
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5 | 5 | # Distributed under the terms of the Modified BSD License. |
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6 | 6 | |
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7 | 7 | |
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8 | 8 | import ast |
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9 | 9 | import bdb |
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10 | 10 | import builtins as builtin_mod |
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11 | 11 | import copy |
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12 | 12 | import cProfile as profile |
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13 | 13 | import gc |
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14 | 14 | import itertools |
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15 | 15 | import math |
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16 | 16 | import os |
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17 | 17 | import pstats |
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18 | 18 | import re |
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19 | 19 | import shlex |
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20 | 20 | import sys |
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21 | 21 | import time |
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22 | 22 | import timeit |
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23 | 23 | from typing import Dict, Any |
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24 | 24 | from ast import ( |
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25 | 25 | Assign, |
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26 | 26 | Call, |
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27 | 27 | Expr, |
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28 | 28 | Load, |
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29 | 29 | Module, |
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30 | 30 | Name, |
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31 | 31 | NodeTransformer, |
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32 | 32 | Store, |
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33 | 33 | parse, |
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34 | 34 | unparse, |
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35 | 35 | ) |
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36 | 36 | from io import StringIO |
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37 | 37 | from logging import error |
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38 | 38 | from pathlib import Path |
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39 | 39 | from pdb import Restart |
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40 | 40 | from textwrap import dedent, indent |
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41 | 41 | from warnings import warn |
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42 | 42 | |
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43 | 43 | from IPython.core import magic_arguments, oinspect, page |
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44 | 44 | from IPython.core.displayhook import DisplayHook |
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45 | 45 | from IPython.core.error import UsageError |
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46 | 46 | from IPython.core.macro import Macro |
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47 | 47 | from IPython.core.magic import ( |
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48 | 48 | Magics, |
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49 | 49 | cell_magic, |
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50 | 50 | line_cell_magic, |
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51 | 51 | line_magic, |
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52 | 52 | magics_class, |
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53 | 53 | needs_local_scope, |
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54 | 54 | no_var_expand, |
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55 | 55 | on_off, |
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56 | 56 | output_can_be_silenced, |
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57 | 57 | ) |
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58 | 58 | from IPython.testing.skipdoctest import skip_doctest |
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59 | 59 | from IPython.utils.capture import capture_output |
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60 | 60 | from IPython.utils.contexts import preserve_keys |
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61 | 61 | from IPython.utils.ipstruct import Struct |
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62 | 62 | from IPython.utils.module_paths import find_mod |
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63 | 63 | from IPython.utils.path import get_py_filename, shellglob |
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64 | 64 | from IPython.utils.timing import clock, clock2 |
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65 | 65 | from IPython.core.magics.ast_mod import ReplaceCodeTransformer |
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66 | 66 | |
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67 | 67 | #----------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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68 | 68 | # Magic implementation classes |
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69 | 69 | #----------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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70 | 70 | |
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71 | 71 | |
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72 | 72 | class TimeitResult(object): |
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73 | 73 | """ |
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74 | 74 | Object returned by the timeit magic with info about the run. |
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75 | 75 | |
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76 | 76 | Contains the following attributes : |
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77 | 77 | |
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78 | 78 | loops: (int) number of loops done per measurement |
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79 | 79 | repeat: (int) number of times the measurement has been repeated |
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80 | 80 | best: (float) best execution time / number |
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81 | 81 | all_runs: (list of float) execution time of each run (in s) |
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82 | 82 | compile_time: (float) time of statement compilation (s) |
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83 | 83 | |
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84 | 84 | """ |
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85 | 85 | def __init__(self, loops, repeat, best, worst, all_runs, compile_time, precision): |
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86 | 86 | self.loops = loops |
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87 | 87 | self.repeat = repeat |
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88 | 88 | self.best = best |
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89 | 89 | self.worst = worst |
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90 | 90 | self.all_runs = all_runs |
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91 | 91 | self.compile_time = compile_time |
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92 | 92 | self._precision = precision |
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93 | 93 | self.timings = [ dt / self.loops for dt in all_runs] |
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94 | 94 | |
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95 | 95 | @property |
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96 | 96 | def average(self): |
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97 | 97 | return math.fsum(self.timings) / len(self.timings) |
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98 | 98 | |
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99 | 99 | @property |
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100 | 100 | def stdev(self): |
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101 | 101 | mean = self.average |
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102 | 102 | return (math.fsum([(x - mean) ** 2 for x in self.timings]) / len(self.timings)) ** 0.5 |
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103 | 103 | |
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104 | 104 | def __str__(self): |
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105 | 105 | pm = '+-' |
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106 | 106 | if hasattr(sys.stdout, 'encoding') and sys.stdout.encoding: |
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107 | 107 | try: |
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108 | 108 | u'\xb1'.encode(sys.stdout.encoding) |
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109 | 109 | pm = u'\xb1' |
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110 | 110 | except: |
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111 | 111 | pass |
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112 | 112 | return "{mean} {pm} {std} per loop (mean {pm} std. dev. of {runs} run{run_plural}, {loops:,} loop{loop_plural} each)".format( |
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113 | 113 | pm=pm, |
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114 | 114 | runs=self.repeat, |
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115 | 115 | loops=self.loops, |
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116 | 116 | loop_plural="" if self.loops == 1 else "s", |
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117 | 117 | run_plural="" if self.repeat == 1 else "s", |
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118 | 118 | mean=_format_time(self.average, self._precision), |
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119 | 119 | std=_format_time(self.stdev, self._precision), |
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120 | 120 | ) |
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121 | 121 | |
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122 | 122 | def _repr_pretty_(self, p , cycle): |
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123 | 123 | unic = self.__str__() |
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124 | 124 | p.text(u'<TimeitResult : '+unic+u'>') |
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125 | 125 | |
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126 | 126 | |
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127 | 127 | class TimeitTemplateFiller(ast.NodeTransformer): |
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128 | 128 | """Fill in the AST template for timing execution. |
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129 | 129 | |
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130 | 130 | This is quite closely tied to the template definition, which is in |
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131 | 131 | :meth:`ExecutionMagics.timeit`. |
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132 | 132 | """ |
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133 | 133 | def __init__(self, ast_setup, ast_stmt): |
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134 | 134 | self.ast_setup = ast_setup |
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135 | 135 | self.ast_stmt = ast_stmt |
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136 | 136 | |
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137 | 137 | def visit_FunctionDef(self, node): |
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138 | 138 | "Fill in the setup statement" |
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139 | 139 | self.generic_visit(node) |
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140 | 140 | if node.name == "inner": |
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141 | 141 | node.body[:1] = self.ast_setup.body |
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142 | 142 | |
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143 | 143 | return node |
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144 | 144 | |
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145 | 145 | def visit_For(self, node): |
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146 | 146 | "Fill in the statement to be timed" |
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147 | 147 | if getattr(getattr(node.body[0], 'value', None), 'id', None) == 'stmt': |
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148 | 148 | node.body = self.ast_stmt.body |
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149 | 149 | return node |
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150 | 150 | |
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151 | 151 | |
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152 | 152 | class Timer(timeit.Timer): |
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153 | 153 | """Timer class that explicitly uses self.inner |
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154 | 154 | |
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155 | 155 | which is an undocumented implementation detail of CPython, |
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156 | 156 | not shared by PyPy. |
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157 | 157 | """ |
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158 | 158 | # Timer.timeit copied from CPython 3.4.2 |
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159 | 159 | def timeit(self, number=timeit.default_number): |
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160 | 160 | """Time 'number' executions of the main statement. |
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161 | 161 | |
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162 | 162 | To be precise, this executes the setup statement once, and |
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163 | 163 | then returns the time it takes to execute the main statement |
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164 | 164 | a number of times, as a float measured in seconds. The |
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165 | 165 | argument is the number of times through the loop, defaulting |
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166 | 166 | to one million. The main statement, the setup statement and |
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167 | 167 | the timer function to be used are passed to the constructor. |
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168 | 168 | """ |
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169 | 169 | it = itertools.repeat(None, number) |
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170 | 170 | gcold = gc.isenabled() |
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171 | 171 | gc.disable() |
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172 | 172 | try: |
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173 | 173 | timing = self.inner(it, self.timer) |
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174 | 174 | finally: |
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175 | 175 | if gcold: |
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176 | 176 | gc.enable() |
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177 | 177 | return timing |
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178 | 178 | |
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179 | 179 | |
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180 | 180 | @magics_class |
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181 | 181 | class ExecutionMagics(Magics): |
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182 | 182 | """Magics related to code execution, debugging, profiling, etc.""" |
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183 | 183 | |
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184 | 184 | _transformers: Dict[str, Any] = {} |
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185 | 185 | |
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186 | 186 | def __init__(self, shell): |
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187 | 187 | super(ExecutionMagics, self).__init__(shell) |
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188 | 188 | # Default execution function used to actually run user code. |
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189 | 189 | self.default_runner = None |
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190 | 190 | |
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191 | 191 | @skip_doctest |
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192 | 192 | @no_var_expand |
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193 | 193 | @line_cell_magic |
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194 | 194 | def prun(self, parameter_s='', cell=None): |
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195 | 195 | |
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196 | 196 | """Run a statement through the python code profiler. |
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197 | 197 | |
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198 | 198 | Usage, in line mode: |
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199 | 199 | %prun [options] statement |
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200 | 200 | |
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201 | 201 | Usage, in cell mode: |
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202 | 202 | %%prun [options] [statement] |
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203 | 203 | code... |
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204 | 204 | code... |
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205 | 205 | |
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206 | 206 | In cell mode, the additional code lines are appended to the (possibly |
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207 | 207 | empty) statement in the first line. Cell mode allows you to easily |
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208 | 208 | profile multiline blocks without having to put them in a separate |
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209 | 209 | function. |
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210 | 210 | |
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211 | 211 | The given statement (which doesn't require quote marks) is run via the |
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212 | 212 | python profiler in a manner similar to the profile.run() function. |
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213 | 213 | Namespaces are internally managed to work correctly; profile.run |
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214 | 214 | cannot be used in IPython because it makes certain assumptions about |
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215 | 215 | namespaces which do not hold under IPython. |
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216 | 216 | |
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217 | 217 | Options: |
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218 | 218 | |
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219 | 219 | -l <limit> |
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220 | 220 | you can place restrictions on what or how much of the |
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221 | 221 | profile gets printed. The limit value can be: |
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222 | 222 | |
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223 | 223 | * A string: only information for function names containing this string |
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224 | 224 | is printed. |
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225 | 225 | |
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226 | 226 | * An integer: only these many lines are printed. |
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227 | 227 | |
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228 | 228 | * A float (between 0 and 1): this fraction of the report is printed |
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229 | 229 | (for example, use a limit of 0.4 to see the topmost 40% only). |
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230 | 230 | |
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231 | 231 | You can combine several limits with repeated use of the option. For |
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232 | 232 | example, ``-l __init__ -l 5`` will print only the topmost 5 lines of |
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233 | 233 | information about class constructors. |
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234 | 234 | |
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235 | 235 | -r |
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236 | 236 | return the pstats.Stats object generated by the profiling. This |
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237 | 237 | object has all the information about the profile in it, and you can |
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238 | 238 | later use it for further analysis or in other functions. |
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239 | 239 | |
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240 | 240 | -s <key> |
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241 | 241 | sort profile by given key. You can provide more than one key |
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242 | 242 | by using the option several times: '-s key1 -s key2 -s key3...'. The |
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243 | 243 | default sorting key is 'time'. |
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244 | 244 | |
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245 | 245 | The following is copied verbatim from the profile documentation |
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246 | 246 | referenced below: |
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247 | 247 | |
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248 | 248 | When more than one key is provided, additional keys are used as |
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249 | 249 | secondary criteria when the there is equality in all keys selected |
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250 | 250 | before them. |
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251 | 251 | |
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252 | 252 | Abbreviations can be used for any key names, as long as the |
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253 | 253 | abbreviation is unambiguous. The following are the keys currently |
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254 | 254 | defined: |
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255 | 255 | |
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256 | 256 | ============ ===================== |
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257 | 257 | Valid Arg Meaning |
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258 | 258 | ============ ===================== |
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259 | 259 | "calls" call count |
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260 | 260 | "cumulative" cumulative time |
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261 | 261 | "file" file name |
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262 | 262 | "module" file name |
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263 | 263 | "pcalls" primitive call count |
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264 | 264 | "line" line number |
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265 | 265 | "name" function name |
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266 | 266 | "nfl" name/file/line |
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267 | 267 | "stdname" standard name |
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268 | 268 | "time" internal time |
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269 | 269 | ============ ===================== |
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270 | 270 | |
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271 | 271 | Note that all sorts on statistics are in descending order (placing |
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272 | 272 | most time consuming items first), where as name, file, and line number |
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273 | 273 | searches are in ascending order (i.e., alphabetical). The subtle |
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274 | 274 | distinction between "nfl" and "stdname" is that the standard name is a |
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275 | 275 | sort of the name as printed, which means that the embedded line |
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276 | 276 | numbers get compared in an odd way. For example, lines 3, 20, and 40 |
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277 | 277 | would (if the file names were the same) appear in the string order |
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278 | 278 | "20" "3" and "40". In contrast, "nfl" does a numeric compare of the |
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279 | 279 | line numbers. In fact, sort_stats("nfl") is the same as |
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280 | 280 | sort_stats("name", "file", "line"). |
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281 | 281 | |
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282 | 282 | -T <filename> |
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283 | 283 | save profile results as shown on screen to a text |
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284 | 284 | file. The profile is still shown on screen. |
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285 | 285 | |
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286 | 286 | -D <filename> |
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287 | 287 | save (via dump_stats) profile statistics to given |
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288 | 288 | filename. This data is in a format understood by the pstats module, and |
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289 | 289 | is generated by a call to the dump_stats() method of profile |
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290 | 290 | objects. The profile is still shown on screen. |
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291 | 291 | |
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292 | 292 | -q |
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293 | 293 | suppress output to the pager. Best used with -T and/or -D above. |
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294 | 294 | |
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295 | 295 | If you want to run complete programs under the profiler's control, use |
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296 | 296 | ``%run -p [prof_opts] filename.py [args to program]`` where prof_opts |
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297 | 297 | contains profiler specific options as described here. |
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298 | 298 | |
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299 | 299 | You can read the complete documentation for the profile module with:: |
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300 | 300 | |
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301 | 301 | In [1]: import profile; profile.help() |
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302 | 302 | |
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303 | 303 | .. versionchanged:: 7.3 |
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304 | 304 | User variables are no longer expanded, |
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305 | 305 | the magic line is always left unmodified. |
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306 | 306 | |
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307 | 307 | """ |
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308 | 308 | opts, arg_str = self.parse_options(parameter_s, 'D:l:rs:T:q', |
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309 | 309 | list_all=True, posix=False) |
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310 | 310 | if cell is not None: |
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311 | 311 | arg_str += '\n' + cell |
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312 | 312 | arg_str = self.shell.transform_cell(arg_str) |
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313 | 313 | return self._run_with_profiler(arg_str, opts, self.shell.user_ns) |
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314 | 314 | |
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315 | 315 | def _run_with_profiler(self, code, opts, namespace): |
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316 | 316 | """ |
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317 | 317 | Run `code` with profiler. Used by ``%prun`` and ``%run -p``. |
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318 | 318 | |
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319 | 319 | Parameters |
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320 | 320 | ---------- |
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321 | 321 | code : str |
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322 | 322 | Code to be executed. |
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323 | 323 | opts : Struct |
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324 | 324 | Options parsed by `self.parse_options`. |
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325 | 325 | namespace : dict |
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326 | 326 | A dictionary for Python namespace (e.g., `self.shell.user_ns`). |
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327 | 327 | |
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328 | 328 | """ |
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329 | 329 | |
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330 | 330 | # Fill default values for unspecified options: |
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331 | 331 | opts.merge(Struct(D=[''], l=[], s=['time'], T=[''])) |
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332 | 332 | |
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333 | 333 | prof = profile.Profile() |
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334 | 334 | try: |
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335 | 335 | prof = prof.runctx(code, namespace, namespace) |
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336 | 336 | sys_exit = '' |
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337 | 337 | except SystemExit: |
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338 | 338 | sys_exit = """*** SystemExit exception caught in code being profiled.""" |
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339 | 339 | |
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340 | 340 | stats = pstats.Stats(prof).strip_dirs().sort_stats(*opts.s) |
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341 | 341 | |
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342 | 342 | lims = opts.l |
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343 | 343 | if lims: |
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344 | 344 | lims = [] # rebuild lims with ints/floats/strings |
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345 | 345 | for lim in opts.l: |
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346 | 346 | try: |
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347 | 347 | lims.append(int(lim)) |
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348 | 348 | except ValueError: |
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349 | 349 | try: |
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350 | 350 | lims.append(float(lim)) |
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351 | 351 | except ValueError: |
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352 | 352 | lims.append(lim) |
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353 | 353 | |
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354 | 354 | # Trap output. |
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355 | 355 | stdout_trap = StringIO() |
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356 | 356 | stats_stream = stats.stream |
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357 | 357 | try: |
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358 | 358 | stats.stream = stdout_trap |
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359 | 359 | stats.print_stats(*lims) |
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360 | 360 | finally: |
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361 | 361 | stats.stream = stats_stream |
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362 | 362 | |
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363 | 363 | output = stdout_trap.getvalue() |
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364 | 364 | output = output.rstrip() |
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365 | 365 | |
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366 | 366 | if 'q' not in opts: |
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367 | 367 | page.page(output) |
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368 | 368 | print(sys_exit, end=' ') |
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369 | 369 | |
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370 | 370 | dump_file = opts.D[0] |
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371 | 371 | text_file = opts.T[0] |
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372 | 372 | if dump_file: |
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373 | 373 | prof.dump_stats(dump_file) |
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374 | 374 | print( |
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375 | 375 | f"\n*** Profile stats marshalled to file {repr(dump_file)}.{sys_exit}" |
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376 | 376 | ) |
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377 | 377 | if text_file: |
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378 | 378 | pfile = Path(text_file) |
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379 | 379 | pfile.touch(exist_ok=True) |
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380 | 380 | pfile.write_text(output, encoding="utf-8") |
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381 | 381 | |
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382 | 382 | print( |
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383 | 383 | f"\n*** Profile printout saved to text file {repr(text_file)}.{sys_exit}" |
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384 | 384 | ) |
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385 | 385 | |
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386 | 386 | if 'r' in opts: |
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387 | 387 | return stats |
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388 | 388 | |
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389 | 389 | return None |
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390 | 390 | |
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391 | 391 | @line_magic |
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392 | 392 | def pdb(self, parameter_s=''): |
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393 | 393 | """Control the automatic calling of the pdb interactive debugger. |
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394 | 394 | |
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395 | 395 | Call as '%pdb on', '%pdb 1', '%pdb off' or '%pdb 0'. If called without |
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396 | 396 | argument it works as a toggle. |
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397 | 397 | |
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398 | 398 | When an exception is triggered, IPython can optionally call the |
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399 | 399 | interactive pdb debugger after the traceback printout. %pdb toggles |
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400 | 400 | this feature on and off. |
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401 | 401 | |
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402 | 402 | The initial state of this feature is set in your configuration |
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403 | 403 | file (the option is ``InteractiveShell.pdb``). |
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404 | 404 | |
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405 | 405 | If you want to just activate the debugger AFTER an exception has fired, |
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406 | 406 | without having to type '%pdb on' and rerunning your code, you can use |
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407 | 407 | the %debug magic.""" |
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408 | 408 | |
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409 | 409 | par = parameter_s.strip().lower() |
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410 | 410 | |
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411 | 411 | if par: |
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412 | 412 | try: |
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413 | 413 | new_pdb = {'off':0,'0':0,'on':1,'1':1}[par] |
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414 | 414 | except KeyError: |
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415 | 415 | print ('Incorrect argument. Use on/1, off/0, ' |
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416 | 416 | 'or nothing for a toggle.') |
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417 | 417 | return |
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418 | 418 | else: |
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419 | 419 | # toggle |
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420 | 420 | new_pdb = not self.shell.call_pdb |
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421 | 421 | |
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422 | 422 | # set on the shell |
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423 | 423 | self.shell.call_pdb = new_pdb |
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424 | 424 | print('Automatic pdb calling has been turned',on_off(new_pdb)) |
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425 | 425 | |
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426 | 426 | @magic_arguments.magic_arguments() |
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427 | 427 | @magic_arguments.argument('--breakpoint', '-b', metavar='FILE:LINE', |
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428 | 428 | help=""" |
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429 | 429 | Set break point at LINE in FILE. |
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430 | 430 | """ |
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431 | 431 | ) |
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432 | 432 | @magic_arguments.argument('statement', nargs='*', |
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433 | 433 | help=""" |
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434 | 434 | Code to run in debugger. |
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435 | 435 | You can omit this in cell magic mode. |
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436 | 436 | """ |
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437 | 437 | ) |
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438 | 438 | @no_var_expand |
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439 | 439 | @line_cell_magic |
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440 | 440 | @needs_local_scope |
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441 | 441 | def debug(self, line="", cell=None, local_ns=None): |
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442 | 442 | """Activate the interactive debugger. |
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443 | 443 | |
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444 | 444 | This magic command support two ways of activating debugger. |
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445 | 445 | One is to activate debugger before executing code. This way, you |
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446 | 446 | can set a break point, to step through the code from the point. |
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447 | 447 | You can use this mode by giving statements to execute and optionally |
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448 | 448 | a breakpoint. |
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449 | 449 | |
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450 | 450 | The other one is to activate debugger in post-mortem mode. You can |
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451 | 451 | activate this mode simply running %debug without any argument. |
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452 | 452 | If an exception has just occurred, this lets you inspect its stack |
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453 | 453 | frames interactively. Note that this will always work only on the last |
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454 | 454 | traceback that occurred, so you must call this quickly after an |
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455 | 455 | exception that you wish to inspect has fired, because if another one |
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456 | 456 | occurs, it clobbers the previous one. |
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457 | 457 | |
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458 | 458 | If you want IPython to automatically do this on every exception, see |
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459 | 459 | the %pdb magic for more details. |
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460 | 460 | |
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461 | 461 | .. versionchanged:: 7.3 |
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462 | 462 | When running code, user variables are no longer expanded, |
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463 | 463 | the magic line is always left unmodified. |
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464 | 464 | |
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465 | 465 | """ |
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466 | 466 | args = magic_arguments.parse_argstring(self.debug, line) |
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467 | 467 | |
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468 | 468 | if not (args.breakpoint or args.statement or cell): |
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469 | 469 | self._debug_post_mortem() |
|
470 | 470 | elif not (args.breakpoint or cell): |
|
471 | 471 | # If there is no breakpoints, the line is just code to execute |
|
472 | 472 | self._debug_exec(line, None, local_ns) |
|
473 | 473 | else: |
|
474 | 474 | # Here we try to reconstruct the code from the output of |
|
475 | 475 | # parse_argstring. This might not work if the code has spaces |
|
476 | 476 | # For example this fails for `print("a b")` |
|
477 | 477 | code = "\n".join(args.statement) |
|
478 | 478 | if cell: |
|
479 | 479 | code += "\n" + cell |
|
480 | 480 | self._debug_exec(code, args.breakpoint, local_ns) |
|
481 | 481 | |
|
482 | 482 | def _debug_post_mortem(self): |
|
483 | 483 | self.shell.debugger(force=True) |
|
484 | 484 | |
|
485 | 485 | def _debug_exec(self, code, breakpoint, local_ns=None): |
|
486 | 486 | if breakpoint: |
|
487 | 487 | (filename, bp_line) = breakpoint.rsplit(':', 1) |
|
488 | 488 | bp_line = int(bp_line) |
|
489 | 489 | else: |
|
490 | 490 | (filename, bp_line) = (None, None) |
|
491 | 491 | self._run_with_debugger( |
|
492 | 492 | code, self.shell.user_ns, filename, bp_line, local_ns=local_ns |
|
493 | 493 | ) |
|
494 | 494 | |
|
495 | 495 | @line_magic |
|
496 | 496 | def tb(self, s): |
|
497 | 497 | """Print the last traceback. |
|
498 | 498 | |
|
499 | 499 | Optionally, specify an exception reporting mode, tuning the |
|
500 | 500 | verbosity of the traceback. By default the currently-active exception |
|
501 | 501 | mode is used. See %xmode for changing exception reporting modes. |
|
502 | 502 | |
|
503 | 503 | Valid modes: Plain, Context, Verbose, and Minimal. |
|
504 | 504 | """ |
|
505 | 505 | interactive_tb = self.shell.InteractiveTB |
|
506 | 506 | if s: |
|
507 | 507 | # Switch exception reporting mode for this one call. |
|
508 | 508 | # Ensure it is switched back. |
|
509 | 509 | def xmode_switch_err(name): |
|
510 | 510 | warn('Error changing %s exception modes.\n%s' % |
|
511 | 511 | (name,sys.exc_info()[1])) |
|
512 | 512 | |
|
513 | 513 | new_mode = s.strip().capitalize() |
|
514 | 514 | original_mode = interactive_tb.mode |
|
515 | 515 | try: |
|
516 | 516 | try: |
|
517 | 517 | interactive_tb.set_mode(mode=new_mode) |
|
518 | 518 | except Exception: |
|
519 | 519 | xmode_switch_err('user') |
|
520 | 520 | else: |
|
521 | 521 | self.shell.showtraceback() |
|
522 | 522 | finally: |
|
523 | 523 | interactive_tb.set_mode(mode=original_mode) |
|
524 | 524 | else: |
|
525 | 525 | self.shell.showtraceback() |
|
526 | 526 | |
|
527 | 527 | @skip_doctest |
|
528 | 528 | @line_magic |
|
529 | 529 | def run(self, parameter_s='', runner=None, |
|
530 | 530 | file_finder=get_py_filename): |
|
531 | 531 | """Run the named file inside IPython as a program. |
|
532 | 532 | |
|
533 | 533 | Usage:: |
|
534 | 534 | |
|
535 | 535 | %run [-n -i -e -G] |
|
536 | 536 | [( -t [-N<N>] | -d [-b<N>] | -p [profile options] )] |
|
537 | 537 | ( -m mod | filename ) [args] |
|
538 | 538 | |
|
539 | 539 | The filename argument should be either a pure Python script (with |
|
540 | 540 | extension ``.py``), or a file with custom IPython syntax (such as |
|
541 | 541 | magics). If the latter, the file can be either a script with ``.ipy`` |
|
542 | 542 | extension, or a Jupyter notebook with ``.ipynb`` extension. When running |
|
543 | 543 | a Jupyter notebook, the output from print statements and other |
|
544 | 544 | displayed objects will appear in the terminal (even matplotlib figures |
|
545 | 545 | will open, if a terminal-compliant backend is being used). Note that, |
|
546 | 546 | at the system command line, the ``jupyter run`` command offers similar |
|
547 | 547 | functionality for executing notebooks (albeit currently with some |
|
548 | 548 | differences in supported options). |
|
549 | 549 | |
|
550 | 550 | Parameters after the filename are passed as command-line arguments to |
|
551 | 551 | the program (put in sys.argv). Then, control returns to IPython's |
|
552 | 552 | prompt. |
|
553 | 553 | |
|
554 | 554 | This is similar to running at a system prompt ``python file args``, |
|
555 | 555 | but with the advantage of giving you IPython's tracebacks, and of |
|
556 | 556 | loading all variables into your interactive namespace for further use |
|
557 | 557 | (unless -p is used, see below). |
|
558 | 558 | |
|
559 | 559 | The file is executed in a namespace initially consisting only of |
|
560 | 560 | ``__name__=='__main__'`` and sys.argv constructed as indicated. It thus |
|
561 | 561 | sees its environment as if it were being run as a stand-alone program |
|
562 | 562 | (except for sharing global objects such as previously imported |
|
563 | 563 | modules). But after execution, the IPython interactive namespace gets |
|
564 | 564 | updated with all variables defined in the program (except for __name__ |
|
565 | 565 | and sys.argv). This allows for very convenient loading of code for |
|
566 | 566 | interactive work, while giving each program a 'clean sheet' to run in. |
|
567 | 567 | |
|
568 | 568 | Arguments are expanded using shell-like glob match. Patterns |
|
569 | 569 | '*', '?', '[seq]' and '[!seq]' can be used. Additionally, |
|
570 | 570 | tilde '~' will be expanded into user's home directory. Unlike |
|
571 | 571 | real shells, quotation does not suppress expansions. Use |
|
572 | 572 | *two* back slashes (e.g. ``\\\\*``) to suppress expansions. |
|
573 | 573 | To completely disable these expansions, you can use -G flag. |
|
574 | 574 | |
|
575 | 575 | On Windows systems, the use of single quotes `'` when specifying |
|
576 | 576 | a file is not supported. Use double quotes `"`. |
|
577 | 577 | |
|
578 | 578 | Options: |
|
579 | 579 | |
|
580 | 580 | -n |
|
581 | 581 | __name__ is NOT set to '__main__', but to the running file's name |
|
582 | 582 | without extension (as python does under import). This allows running |
|
583 | 583 | scripts and reloading the definitions in them without calling code |
|
584 | 584 | protected by an ``if __name__ == "__main__"`` clause. |
|
585 | 585 | |
|
586 | 586 | -i |
|
587 | 587 | run the file in IPython's namespace instead of an empty one. This |
|
588 | 588 | is useful if you are experimenting with code written in a text editor |
|
589 | 589 | which depends on variables defined interactively. |
|
590 | 590 | |
|
591 | 591 | -e |
|
592 | 592 | ignore sys.exit() calls or SystemExit exceptions in the script |
|
593 | 593 | being run. This is particularly useful if IPython is being used to |
|
594 | 594 | run unittests, which always exit with a sys.exit() call. In such |
|
595 | 595 | cases you are interested in the output of the test results, not in |
|
596 | 596 | seeing a traceback of the unittest module. |
|
597 | 597 | |
|
598 | 598 | -t |
|
599 | 599 | print timing information at the end of the run. IPython will give |
|
600 | 600 | you an estimated CPU time consumption for your script, which under |
|
601 | 601 | Unix uses the resource module to avoid the wraparound problems of |
|
602 | 602 | time.clock(). Under Unix, an estimate of time spent on system tasks |
|
603 | 603 | is also given (for Windows platforms this is reported as 0.0). |
|
604 | 604 | |
|
605 | 605 | If -t is given, an additional ``-N<N>`` option can be given, where <N> |
|
606 | 606 | must be an integer indicating how many times you want the script to |
|
607 | 607 | run. The final timing report will include total and per run results. |
|
608 | 608 | |
|
609 | 609 | For example (testing the script uniq_stable.py):: |
|
610 | 610 | |
|
611 | 611 | In [1]: run -t uniq_stable |
|
612 | 612 | |
|
613 | 613 | IPython CPU timings (estimated): |
|
614 | 614 | User : 0.19597 s. |
|
615 | 615 | System: 0.0 s. |
|
616 | 616 | |
|
617 | 617 | In [2]: run -t -N5 uniq_stable |
|
618 | 618 | |
|
619 | 619 | IPython CPU timings (estimated): |
|
620 | 620 | Total runs performed: 5 |
|
621 | 621 | Times : Total Per run |
|
622 | 622 | User : 0.910862 s, 0.1821724 s. |
|
623 | 623 | System: 0.0 s, 0.0 s. |
|
624 | 624 | |
|
625 | 625 | -d |
|
626 | 626 | run your program under the control of pdb, the Python debugger. |
|
627 | 627 | This allows you to execute your program step by step, watch variables, |
|
628 | 628 | etc. Internally, what IPython does is similar to calling:: |
|
629 | 629 | |
|
630 | 630 | pdb.run('execfile("YOURFILENAME")') |
|
631 | 631 | |
|
632 | 632 | with a breakpoint set on line 1 of your file. You can change the line |
|
633 | 633 | number for this automatic breakpoint to be <N> by using the -bN option |
|
634 | 634 | (where N must be an integer). For example:: |
|
635 | 635 | |
|
636 | 636 | %run -d -b40 myscript |
|
637 | 637 | |
|
638 | 638 | will set the first breakpoint at line 40 in myscript.py. Note that |
|
639 | 639 | the first breakpoint must be set on a line which actually does |
|
640 | 640 | something (not a comment or docstring) for it to stop execution. |
|
641 | 641 | |
|
642 | 642 | Or you can specify a breakpoint in a different file:: |
|
643 | 643 | |
|
644 | 644 | %run -d -b myotherfile.py:20 myscript |
|
645 | 645 | |
|
646 | 646 | When the pdb debugger starts, you will see a (Pdb) prompt. You must |
|
647 | 647 | first enter 'c' (without quotes) to start execution up to the first |
|
648 | 648 | breakpoint. |
|
649 | 649 | |
|
650 | 650 | Entering 'help' gives information about the use of the debugger. You |
|
651 | 651 | can easily see pdb's full documentation with "import pdb;pdb.help()" |
|
652 | 652 | at a prompt. |
|
653 | 653 | |
|
654 | 654 | -p |
|
655 | 655 | run program under the control of the Python profiler module (which |
|
656 | 656 | prints a detailed report of execution times, function calls, etc). |
|
657 | 657 | |
|
658 | 658 | You can pass other options after -p which affect the behavior of the |
|
659 | 659 | profiler itself. See the docs for %prun for details. |
|
660 | 660 | |
|
661 | 661 | In this mode, the program's variables do NOT propagate back to the |
|
662 | 662 | IPython interactive namespace (because they remain in the namespace |
|
663 | 663 | where the profiler executes them). |
|
664 | 664 | |
|
665 | 665 | Internally this triggers a call to %prun, see its documentation for |
|
666 | 666 | details on the options available specifically for profiling. |
|
667 | 667 | |
|
668 | 668 | There is one special usage for which the text above doesn't apply: |
|
669 | 669 | if the filename ends with .ipy[nb], the file is run as ipython script, |
|
670 | 670 | just as if the commands were written on IPython prompt. |
|
671 | 671 | |
|
672 | 672 | -m |
|
673 | 673 | specify module name to load instead of script path. Similar to |
|
674 | 674 | the -m option for the python interpreter. Use this option last if you |
|
675 | 675 | want to combine with other %run options. Unlike the python interpreter |
|
676 | 676 | only source modules are allowed no .pyc or .pyo files. |
|
677 | 677 | For example:: |
|
678 | 678 | |
|
679 | 679 | %run -m example |
|
680 | 680 | |
|
681 | 681 | will run the example module. |
|
682 | 682 | |
|
683 | 683 | -G |
|
684 | 684 | disable shell-like glob expansion of arguments. |
|
685 | 685 | |
|
686 | 686 | """ |
|
687 | 687 | |
|
688 | 688 | # Logic to handle issue #3664 |
|
689 | 689 | # Add '--' after '-m <module_name>' to ignore additional args passed to a module. |
|
690 | 690 | if '-m' in parameter_s and '--' not in parameter_s: |
|
691 | 691 | argv = shlex.split(parameter_s, posix=(os.name == 'posix')) |
|
692 | 692 | for idx, arg in enumerate(argv): |
|
693 | 693 | if arg and arg.startswith('-') and arg != '-': |
|
694 | 694 | if arg == '-m': |
|
695 | 695 | argv.insert(idx + 2, '--') |
|
696 | 696 | break |
|
697 | 697 | else: |
|
698 | 698 | # Positional arg, break |
|
699 | 699 | break |
|
700 | 700 | parameter_s = ' '.join(shlex.quote(arg) for arg in argv) |
|
701 | 701 | |
|
702 | 702 | # get arguments and set sys.argv for program to be run. |
|
703 | 703 | opts, arg_lst = self.parse_options(parameter_s, |
|
704 | 704 | 'nidtN:b:pD:l:rs:T:em:G', |
|
705 | 705 | mode='list', list_all=1) |
|
706 | 706 | if "m" in opts: |
|
707 | 707 | modulename = opts["m"][0] |
|
708 | 708 | modpath = find_mod(modulename) |
|
709 | 709 | if modpath is None: |
|
710 | 710 | msg = '%r is not a valid modulename on sys.path'%modulename |
|
711 | 711 | raise Exception(msg) |
|
712 | 712 | arg_lst = [modpath] + arg_lst |
|
713 | 713 | try: |
|
714 | 714 | fpath = None # initialize to make sure fpath is in scope later |
|
715 | 715 | fpath = arg_lst[0] |
|
716 | 716 | filename = file_finder(fpath) |
|
717 | 717 | except IndexError as e: |
|
718 | 718 | msg = 'you must provide at least a filename.' |
|
719 | 719 | raise Exception(msg) from e |
|
720 | 720 | except IOError as e: |
|
721 | 721 | try: |
|
722 | 722 | msg = str(e) |
|
723 | 723 | except UnicodeError: |
|
724 | 724 | msg = e.message |
|
725 | 725 | if os.name == 'nt' and re.match(r"^'.*'$",fpath): |
|
726 | 726 | warn('For Windows, use double quotes to wrap a filename: %run "mypath\\myfile.py"') |
|
727 | 727 | raise Exception(msg) from e |
|
728 | 728 | except TypeError: |
|
729 | 729 | if fpath in sys.meta_path: |
|
730 | 730 | filename = "" |
|
731 | 731 | else: |
|
732 | 732 | raise |
|
733 | 733 | |
|
734 | 734 | if filename.lower().endswith(('.ipy', '.ipynb')): |
|
735 | 735 | with preserve_keys(self.shell.user_ns, '__file__'): |
|
736 | 736 | self.shell.user_ns['__file__'] = filename |
|
737 | 737 | self.shell.safe_execfile_ipy(filename, raise_exceptions=True) |
|
738 | 738 | return |
|
739 | 739 | |
|
740 | 740 | # Control the response to exit() calls made by the script being run |
|
741 | 741 | exit_ignore = 'e' in opts |
|
742 | 742 | |
|
743 | 743 | # Make sure that the running script gets a proper sys.argv as if it |
|
744 | 744 | # were run from a system shell. |
|
745 | 745 | save_argv = sys.argv # save it for later restoring |
|
746 | 746 | |
|
747 | 747 | if 'G' in opts: |
|
748 | 748 | args = arg_lst[1:] |
|
749 | 749 | else: |
|
750 | 750 | # tilde and glob expansion |
|
751 | 751 | args = shellglob(map(os.path.expanduser, arg_lst[1:])) |
|
752 | 752 | |
|
753 | 753 | sys.argv = [filename] + args # put in the proper filename |
|
754 | 754 | |
|
755 | 755 | if 'n' in opts: |
|
756 | 756 | name = Path(filename).stem |
|
757 | 757 | else: |
|
758 | 758 | name = '__main__' |
|
759 | 759 | |
|
760 | 760 | if 'i' in opts: |
|
761 | 761 | # Run in user's interactive namespace |
|
762 | 762 | prog_ns = self.shell.user_ns |
|
763 | 763 | __name__save = self.shell.user_ns['__name__'] |
|
764 | 764 | prog_ns['__name__'] = name |
|
765 | 765 | main_mod = self.shell.user_module |
|
766 | 766 | |
|
767 | 767 | # Since '%run foo' emulates 'python foo.py' at the cmd line, we must |
|
768 | 768 | # set the __file__ global in the script's namespace |
|
769 | 769 | # TK: Is this necessary in interactive mode? |
|
770 | 770 | prog_ns['__file__'] = filename |
|
771 | 771 | else: |
|
772 | 772 | # Run in a fresh, empty namespace |
|
773 | 773 | |
|
774 | 774 | # The shell MUST hold a reference to prog_ns so after %run |
|
775 | 775 | # exits, the python deletion mechanism doesn't zero it out |
|
776 | 776 | # (leaving dangling references). See interactiveshell for details |
|
777 | 777 | main_mod = self.shell.new_main_mod(filename, name) |
|
778 | 778 | prog_ns = main_mod.__dict__ |
|
779 | 779 | |
|
780 | 780 | # pickle fix. See interactiveshell for an explanation. But we need to |
|
781 | 781 | # make sure that, if we overwrite __main__, we replace it at the end |
|
782 | 782 | main_mod_name = prog_ns['__name__'] |
|
783 | 783 | |
|
784 | 784 | if main_mod_name == '__main__': |
|
785 | 785 | restore_main = sys.modules['__main__'] |
|
786 | 786 | else: |
|
787 | 787 | restore_main = False |
|
788 | 788 | |
|
789 | 789 | # This needs to be undone at the end to prevent holding references to |
|
790 | 790 | # every single object ever created. |
|
791 | 791 | sys.modules[main_mod_name] = main_mod |
|
792 | 792 | |
|
793 | 793 | if 'p' in opts or 'd' in opts: |
|
794 | 794 | if 'm' in opts: |
|
795 | 795 | code = 'run_module(modulename, prog_ns)' |
|
796 | 796 | code_ns = { |
|
797 | 797 | 'run_module': self.shell.safe_run_module, |
|
798 | 798 | 'prog_ns': prog_ns, |
|
799 | 799 | 'modulename': modulename, |
|
800 | 800 | } |
|
801 | 801 | else: |
|
802 | 802 | if 'd' in opts: |
|
803 | 803 | # allow exceptions to raise in debug mode |
|
804 | 804 | code = 'execfile(filename, prog_ns, raise_exceptions=True)' |
|
805 | 805 | else: |
|
806 | 806 | code = 'execfile(filename, prog_ns)' |
|
807 | 807 | code_ns = { |
|
808 | 808 | 'execfile': self.shell.safe_execfile, |
|
809 | 809 | 'prog_ns': prog_ns, |
|
810 | 810 | 'filename': get_py_filename(filename), |
|
811 | 811 | } |
|
812 | 812 | |
|
813 | 813 | try: |
|
814 | 814 | stats = None |
|
815 | 815 | if 'p' in opts: |
|
816 | 816 | stats = self._run_with_profiler(code, opts, code_ns) |
|
817 | 817 | else: |
|
818 | 818 | if 'd' in opts: |
|
819 | 819 | bp_file, bp_line = parse_breakpoint( |
|
820 | 820 | opts.get('b', ['1'])[0], filename) |
|
821 | 821 | self._run_with_debugger( |
|
822 | 822 | code, code_ns, filename, bp_line, bp_file) |
|
823 | 823 | else: |
|
824 | 824 | if 'm' in opts: |
|
825 | 825 | def run(): |
|
826 | 826 | self.shell.safe_run_module(modulename, prog_ns) |
|
827 | 827 | else: |
|
828 | 828 | if runner is None: |
|
829 | 829 | runner = self.default_runner |
|
830 | 830 | if runner is None: |
|
831 | 831 | runner = self.shell.safe_execfile |
|
832 | 832 | |
|
833 | 833 | def run(): |
|
834 | 834 | runner(filename, prog_ns, prog_ns, |
|
835 | 835 | exit_ignore=exit_ignore) |
|
836 | 836 | |
|
837 | 837 | if 't' in opts: |
|
838 | 838 | # timed execution |
|
839 | 839 | try: |
|
840 | 840 | nruns = int(opts['N'][0]) |
|
841 | 841 | if nruns < 1: |
|
842 | 842 | error('Number of runs must be >=1') |
|
843 | 843 | return |
|
844 | 844 | except (KeyError): |
|
845 | 845 | nruns = 1 |
|
846 | 846 | self._run_with_timing(run, nruns) |
|
847 | 847 | else: |
|
848 | 848 | # regular execution |
|
849 | 849 | run() |
|
850 | 850 | |
|
851 | 851 | if 'i' in opts: |
|
852 | 852 | self.shell.user_ns['__name__'] = __name__save |
|
853 | 853 | else: |
|
854 | 854 | # update IPython interactive namespace |
|
855 | 855 | |
|
856 | 856 | # Some forms of read errors on the file may mean the |
|
857 | 857 | # __name__ key was never set; using pop we don't have to |
|
858 | 858 | # worry about a possible KeyError. |
|
859 | 859 | prog_ns.pop('__name__', None) |
|
860 | 860 | |
|
861 | 861 | with preserve_keys(self.shell.user_ns, '__file__'): |
|
862 | 862 | self.shell.user_ns.update(prog_ns) |
|
863 | 863 | finally: |
|
864 | 864 | # It's a bit of a mystery why, but __builtins__ can change from |
|
865 | 865 | # being a module to becoming a dict missing some key data after |
|
866 | 866 | # %run. As best I can see, this is NOT something IPython is doing |
|
867 | 867 | # at all, and similar problems have been reported before: |
|
868 | 868 | # http://coding.derkeiler.com/Archive/Python/comp.lang.python/2004-10/0188.html |
|
869 | 869 | # Since this seems to be done by the interpreter itself, the best |
|
870 | 870 | # we can do is to at least restore __builtins__ for the user on |
|
871 | 871 | # exit. |
|
872 | 872 | self.shell.user_ns['__builtins__'] = builtin_mod |
|
873 | 873 | |
|
874 | 874 | # Ensure key global structures are restored |
|
875 | 875 | sys.argv = save_argv |
|
876 | 876 | if restore_main: |
|
877 | 877 | sys.modules['__main__'] = restore_main |
|
878 | 878 | if '__mp_main__' in sys.modules: |
|
879 | 879 | sys.modules['__mp_main__'] = restore_main |
|
880 | 880 | else: |
|
881 | 881 | # Remove from sys.modules the reference to main_mod we'd |
|
882 | 882 | # added. Otherwise it will trap references to objects |
|
883 | 883 | # contained therein. |
|
884 | 884 | del sys.modules[main_mod_name] |
|
885 | 885 | |
|
886 | 886 | return stats |
|
887 | 887 | |
|
888 | 888 | def _run_with_debugger( |
|
889 | 889 | self, code, code_ns, filename=None, bp_line=None, bp_file=None, local_ns=None |
|
890 | 890 | ): |
|
891 | 891 | """ |
|
892 | 892 | Run `code` in debugger with a break point. |
|
893 | 893 | |
|
894 | 894 | Parameters |
|
895 | 895 | ---------- |
|
896 | 896 | code : str |
|
897 | 897 | Code to execute. |
|
898 | 898 | code_ns : dict |
|
899 | 899 | A namespace in which `code` is executed. |
|
900 | 900 | filename : str |
|
901 | 901 | `code` is ran as if it is in `filename`. |
|
902 | 902 | bp_line : int, optional |
|
903 | 903 | Line number of the break point. |
|
904 | 904 | bp_file : str, optional |
|
905 | 905 | Path to the file in which break point is specified. |
|
906 | 906 | `filename` is used if not given. |
|
907 | 907 | local_ns : dict, optional |
|
908 | 908 | A local namespace in which `code` is executed. |
|
909 | 909 | |
|
910 | 910 | Raises |
|
911 | 911 | ------ |
|
912 | 912 | UsageError |
|
913 | 913 | If the break point given by `bp_line` is not valid. |
|
914 | 914 | |
|
915 | 915 | """ |
|
916 | 916 | deb = self.shell.InteractiveTB.pdb |
|
917 | 917 | if not deb: |
|
918 | 918 | self.shell.InteractiveTB.pdb = self.shell.InteractiveTB.debugger_cls() |
|
919 | 919 | deb = self.shell.InteractiveTB.pdb |
|
920 | 920 | |
|
921 | 921 | # deb.checkline() fails if deb.curframe exists but is None; it can |
|
922 | 922 | # handle it not existing. https://github.com/ipython/ipython/issues/10028 |
|
923 | 923 | if hasattr(deb, 'curframe'): |
|
924 | 924 | del deb.curframe |
|
925 | 925 | |
|
926 | 926 | # reset Breakpoint state, which is moronically kept |
|
927 | 927 | # in a class |
|
928 | 928 | bdb.Breakpoint.next = 1 |
|
929 | 929 | bdb.Breakpoint.bplist = {} |
|
930 | 930 | bdb.Breakpoint.bpbynumber = [None] |
|
931 | 931 | deb.clear_all_breaks() |
|
932 | 932 | if bp_line is not None: |
|
933 | 933 | # Set an initial breakpoint to stop execution |
|
934 | 934 | maxtries = 10 |
|
935 | 935 | bp_file = bp_file or filename |
|
936 | 936 | checkline = deb.checkline(bp_file, bp_line) |
|
937 | 937 | if not checkline: |
|
938 | 938 | for bp in range(bp_line + 1, bp_line + maxtries + 1): |
|
939 | 939 | if deb.checkline(bp_file, bp): |
|
940 | 940 | break |
|
941 | 941 | else: |
|
942 | 942 | msg = ("\nI failed to find a valid line to set " |
|
943 | 943 | "a breakpoint\n" |
|
944 | 944 | "after trying up to line: %s.\n" |
|
945 | 945 | "Please set a valid breakpoint manually " |
|
946 | 946 | "with the -b option." % bp) |
|
947 | 947 | raise UsageError(msg) |
|
948 | 948 | # if we find a good linenumber, set the breakpoint |
|
949 | 949 | deb.do_break('%s:%s' % (bp_file, bp_line)) |
|
950 | 950 | |
|
951 | 951 | if filename: |
|
952 | 952 | # Mimic Pdb._runscript(...) |
|
953 | 953 | deb._wait_for_mainpyfile = True |
|
954 | 954 | deb.mainpyfile = deb.canonic(filename) |
|
955 | 955 | |
|
956 | 956 | # Start file run |
|
957 | 957 | print("NOTE: Enter 'c' at the %s prompt to continue execution." % deb.prompt) |
|
958 | 958 | try: |
|
959 | 959 | if filename: |
|
960 | 960 | # save filename so it can be used by methods on the deb object |
|
961 | 961 | deb._exec_filename = filename |
|
962 | 962 | while True: |
|
963 | 963 | try: |
|
964 | 964 | trace = sys.gettrace() |
|
965 | 965 | deb.run(code, code_ns, local_ns) |
|
966 | 966 | except Restart: |
|
967 | 967 | print("Restarting") |
|
968 | 968 | if filename: |
|
969 | 969 | deb._wait_for_mainpyfile = True |
|
970 | 970 | deb.mainpyfile = deb.canonic(filename) |
|
971 | 971 | continue |
|
972 | 972 | else: |
|
973 | 973 | break |
|
974 | 974 | finally: |
|
975 | 975 | sys.settrace(trace) |
|
976 | 976 | |
|
977 | 977 | |
|
978 | 978 | except: |
|
979 | 979 | etype, value, tb = sys.exc_info() |
|
980 | 980 | # Skip three frames in the traceback: the %run one, |
|
981 | 981 | # one inside bdb.py, and the command-line typed by the |
|
982 | 982 | # user (run by exec in pdb itself). |
|
983 | 983 | self.shell.InteractiveTB(etype, value, tb, tb_offset=3) |
|
984 | 984 | |
|
985 | 985 | @staticmethod |
|
986 | 986 | def _run_with_timing(run, nruns): |
|
987 | 987 | """ |
|
988 | 988 | Run function `run` and print timing information. |
|
989 | 989 | |
|
990 | 990 | Parameters |
|
991 | 991 | ---------- |
|
992 | 992 | run : callable |
|
993 | 993 | Any callable object which takes no argument. |
|
994 | 994 | nruns : int |
|
995 | 995 | Number of times to execute `run`. |
|
996 | 996 | |
|
997 | 997 | """ |
|
998 | 998 | twall0 = time.perf_counter() |
|
999 | 999 | if nruns == 1: |
|
1000 | 1000 | t0 = clock2() |
|
1001 | 1001 | run() |
|
1002 | 1002 | t1 = clock2() |
|
1003 | 1003 | t_usr = t1[0] - t0[0] |
|
1004 | 1004 | t_sys = t1[1] - t0[1] |
|
1005 | 1005 | print("\nIPython CPU timings (estimated):") |
|
1006 | 1006 | print(" User : %10.2f s." % t_usr) |
|
1007 | 1007 | print(" System : %10.2f s." % t_sys) |
|
1008 | 1008 | else: |
|
1009 | 1009 | runs = range(nruns) |
|
1010 | 1010 | t0 = clock2() |
|
1011 | 1011 | for nr in runs: |
|
1012 | 1012 | run() |
|
1013 | 1013 | t1 = clock2() |
|
1014 | 1014 | t_usr = t1[0] - t0[0] |
|
1015 | 1015 | t_sys = t1[1] - t0[1] |
|
1016 | 1016 | print("\nIPython CPU timings (estimated):") |
|
1017 | 1017 | print("Total runs performed:", nruns) |
|
1018 | 1018 | print(" Times : %10s %10s" % ('Total', 'Per run')) |
|
1019 | 1019 | print(" User : %10.2f s, %10.2f s." % (t_usr, t_usr / nruns)) |
|
1020 | 1020 | print(" System : %10.2f s, %10.2f s." % (t_sys, t_sys / nruns)) |
|
1021 | 1021 | twall1 = time.perf_counter() |
|
1022 | 1022 | print("Wall time: %10.2f s." % (twall1 - twall0)) |
|
1023 | 1023 | |
|
1024 | 1024 | @skip_doctest |
|
1025 | 1025 | @no_var_expand |
|
1026 | 1026 | @line_cell_magic |
|
1027 | 1027 | @needs_local_scope |
|
1028 | 1028 | def timeit(self, line='', cell=None, local_ns=None): |
|
1029 | 1029 | """Time execution of a Python statement or expression |
|
1030 | 1030 | |
|
1031 | 1031 | Usage, in line mode: |
|
1032 | 1032 | %timeit [-n<N> -r<R> [-t|-c] -q -p<P> -o] statement |
|
1033 | 1033 | or in cell mode: |
|
1034 | 1034 | %%timeit [-n<N> -r<R> [-t|-c] -q -p<P> -o] setup_code |
|
1035 | 1035 | code |
|
1036 | 1036 | code... |
|
1037 | 1037 | |
|
1038 | 1038 | Time execution of a Python statement or expression using the timeit |
|
1039 | 1039 | module. This function can be used both as a line and cell magic: |
|
1040 | 1040 | |
|
1041 | 1041 | - In line mode you can time a single-line statement (though multiple |
|
1042 | 1042 | ones can be chained with using semicolons). |
|
1043 | 1043 | |
|
1044 | 1044 | - In cell mode, the statement in the first line is used as setup code |
|
1045 | 1045 | (executed but not timed) and the body of the cell is timed. The cell |
|
1046 | 1046 | body has access to any variables created in the setup code. |
|
1047 | 1047 | |
|
1048 | 1048 | Options: |
|
1049 | 1049 | -n<N>: execute the given statement <N> times in a loop. If <N> is not |
|
1050 | 1050 | provided, <N> is determined so as to get sufficient accuracy. |
|
1051 | 1051 | |
|
1052 | 1052 | -r<R>: number of repeats <R>, each consisting of <N> loops, and take the |
|
1053 | 1053 | average result. |
|
1054 | 1054 | Default: 7 |
|
1055 | 1055 | |
|
1056 | 1056 | -t: use time.time to measure the time, which is the default on Unix. |
|
1057 | 1057 | This function measures wall time. |
|
1058 | 1058 | |
|
1059 | 1059 | -c: use time.clock to measure the time, which is the default on |
|
1060 | 1060 | Windows and measures wall time. On Unix, resource.getrusage is used |
|
1061 | 1061 | instead and returns the CPU user time. |
|
1062 | 1062 | |
|
1063 | 1063 | -p<P>: use a precision of <P> digits to display the timing result. |
|
1064 | 1064 | Default: 3 |
|
1065 | 1065 | |
|
1066 | 1066 | -q: Quiet, do not print result. |
|
1067 | 1067 | |
|
1068 | 1068 | -o: return a TimeitResult that can be stored in a variable to inspect |
|
1069 | 1069 | the result in more details. |
|
1070 | 1070 | |
|
1071 | 1071 | .. versionchanged:: 7.3 |
|
1072 | 1072 | User variables are no longer expanded, |
|
1073 | 1073 | the magic line is always left unmodified. |
|
1074 | 1074 | |
|
1075 | 1075 | Examples |
|
1076 | 1076 | -------- |
|
1077 | 1077 | :: |
|
1078 | 1078 | |
|
1079 | 1079 | In [1]: %timeit pass |
|
1080 | 1080 | 8.26 ns ± 0.12 ns per loop (mean ± std. dev. of 7 runs, 100000000 loops each) |
|
1081 | 1081 | |
|
1082 | 1082 | In [2]: u = None |
|
1083 | 1083 | |
|
1084 | 1084 | In [3]: %timeit u is None |
|
1085 | 1085 | 29.9 ns ± 0.643 ns per loop (mean ± std. dev. of 7 runs, 10000000 loops each) |
|
1086 | 1086 | |
|
1087 | 1087 | In [4]: %timeit -r 4 u == None |
|
1088 | 1088 | |
|
1089 | 1089 | In [5]: import time |
|
1090 | 1090 | |
|
1091 | 1091 | In [6]: %timeit -n1 time.sleep(2) |
|
1092 | 1092 | |
|
1093 | 1093 | The times reported by %timeit will be slightly higher than those |
|
1094 | 1094 | reported by the timeit.py script when variables are accessed. This is |
|
1095 | 1095 | due to the fact that %timeit executes the statement in the namespace |
|
1096 | 1096 | of the shell, compared with timeit.py, which uses a single setup |
|
1097 | 1097 | statement to import function or create variables. Generally, the bias |
|
1098 | 1098 | does not matter as long as results from timeit.py are not mixed with |
|
1099 | 1099 | those from %timeit.""" |
|
1100 | 1100 | |
|
1101 | 1101 | opts, stmt = self.parse_options( |
|
1102 | 1102 | line, "n:r:tcp:qo", posix=False, strict=False, preserve_non_opts=True |
|
1103 | 1103 | ) |
|
1104 | 1104 | if stmt == "" and cell is None: |
|
1105 | 1105 | return |
|
1106 | 1106 | |
|
1107 | 1107 | timefunc = timeit.default_timer |
|
1108 | 1108 | number = int(getattr(opts, "n", 0)) |
|
1109 | 1109 | default_repeat = 7 if timeit.default_repeat < 7 else timeit.default_repeat |
|
1110 | 1110 | repeat = int(getattr(opts, "r", default_repeat)) |
|
1111 | 1111 | precision = int(getattr(opts, "p", 3)) |
|
1112 | 1112 | quiet = 'q' in opts |
|
1113 | 1113 | return_result = 'o' in opts |
|
1114 | 1114 | if hasattr(opts, "t"): |
|
1115 | 1115 | timefunc = time.time |
|
1116 | 1116 | if hasattr(opts, "c"): |
|
1117 | 1117 | timefunc = clock |
|
1118 | 1118 | |
|
1119 | 1119 | timer = Timer(timer=timefunc) |
|
1120 | 1120 | # this code has tight coupling to the inner workings of timeit.Timer, |
|
1121 | 1121 | # but is there a better way to achieve that the code stmt has access |
|
1122 | 1122 | # to the shell namespace? |
|
1123 | 1123 | transform = self.shell.transform_cell |
|
1124 | 1124 | |
|
1125 | 1125 | if cell is None: |
|
1126 | 1126 | # called as line magic |
|
1127 | 1127 | ast_setup = self.shell.compile.ast_parse("pass") |
|
1128 | 1128 | ast_stmt = self.shell.compile.ast_parse(transform(stmt)) |
|
1129 | 1129 | else: |
|
1130 | 1130 | ast_setup = self.shell.compile.ast_parse(transform(stmt)) |
|
1131 | 1131 | ast_stmt = self.shell.compile.ast_parse(transform(cell)) |
|
1132 | 1132 | |
|
1133 | 1133 | ast_setup = self.shell.transform_ast(ast_setup) |
|
1134 | 1134 | ast_stmt = self.shell.transform_ast(ast_stmt) |
|
1135 | 1135 | |
|
1136 | 1136 | # Check that these compile to valid Python code *outside* the timer func |
|
1137 | 1137 | # Invalid code may become valid when put inside the function & loop, |
|
1138 | 1138 | # which messes up error messages. |
|
1139 | 1139 | # https://github.com/ipython/ipython/issues/10636 |
|
1140 | 1140 | self.shell.compile(ast_setup, "<magic-timeit-setup>", "exec") |
|
1141 | 1141 | self.shell.compile(ast_stmt, "<magic-timeit-stmt>", "exec") |
|
1142 | 1142 | |
|
1143 | 1143 | # This codestring is taken from timeit.template - we fill it in as an |
|
1144 | 1144 | # AST, so that we can apply our AST transformations to the user code |
|
1145 | 1145 | # without affecting the timing code. |
|
1146 | 1146 | timeit_ast_template = ast.parse('def inner(_it, _timer):\n' |
|
1147 | 1147 | ' setup\n' |
|
1148 | 1148 | ' _t0 = _timer()\n' |
|
1149 | 1149 | ' for _i in _it:\n' |
|
1150 | 1150 | ' stmt\n' |
|
1151 | 1151 | ' _t1 = _timer()\n' |
|
1152 | 1152 | ' return _t1 - _t0\n') |
|
1153 | 1153 | |
|
1154 | 1154 | timeit_ast = TimeitTemplateFiller(ast_setup, ast_stmt).visit(timeit_ast_template) |
|
1155 | 1155 | timeit_ast = ast.fix_missing_locations(timeit_ast) |
|
1156 | 1156 | |
|
1157 | 1157 | # Track compilation time so it can be reported if too long |
|
1158 | 1158 | # Minimum time above which compilation time will be reported |
|
1159 | 1159 | tc_min = 0.1 |
|
1160 | 1160 | |
|
1161 | 1161 | t0 = clock() |
|
1162 | 1162 | code = self.shell.compile(timeit_ast, "<magic-timeit>", "exec") |
|
1163 | 1163 | tc = clock()-t0 |
|
1164 | 1164 | |
|
1165 | 1165 | ns = {} |
|
1166 | 1166 | glob = self.shell.user_ns |
|
1167 | 1167 | # handles global vars with same name as local vars. We store them in conflict_globs. |
|
1168 | 1168 | conflict_globs = {} |
|
1169 | 1169 | if local_ns and cell is None: |
|
1170 | 1170 | for var_name, var_val in glob.items(): |
|
1171 | 1171 | if var_name in local_ns: |
|
1172 | 1172 | conflict_globs[var_name] = var_val |
|
1173 | 1173 | glob.update(local_ns) |
|
1174 | 1174 | |
|
1175 | 1175 | exec(code, glob, ns) |
|
1176 | 1176 | timer.inner = ns["inner"] |
|
1177 | 1177 | |
|
1178 | 1178 | # This is used to check if there is a huge difference between the |
|
1179 | 1179 | # best and worst timings. |
|
1180 | 1180 | # Issue: https://github.com/ipython/ipython/issues/6471 |
|
1181 | 1181 | if number == 0: |
|
1182 | 1182 | # determine number so that 0.2 <= total time < 2.0 |
|
1183 | 1183 | for index in range(0, 10): |
|
1184 | 1184 | number = 10 ** index |
|
1185 | 1185 | time_number = timer.timeit(number) |
|
1186 | 1186 | if time_number >= 0.2: |
|
1187 | 1187 | break |
|
1188 | 1188 | |
|
1189 | 1189 | all_runs = timer.repeat(repeat, number) |
|
1190 | 1190 | best = min(all_runs) / number |
|
1191 | 1191 | worst = max(all_runs) / number |
|
1192 | 1192 | timeit_result = TimeitResult(number, repeat, best, worst, all_runs, tc, precision) |
|
1193 | 1193 | |
|
1194 | 1194 | # Restore global vars from conflict_globs |
|
1195 | 1195 | if conflict_globs: |
|
1196 | 1196 | glob.update(conflict_globs) |
|
1197 | 1197 | |
|
1198 | 1198 | if not quiet : |
|
1199 | 1199 | # Check best timing is greater than zero to avoid a |
|
1200 | 1200 | # ZeroDivisionError. |
|
1201 | 1201 | # In cases where the slowest timing is lesser than a microsecond |
|
1202 | 1202 | # we assume that it does not really matter if the fastest |
|
1203 | 1203 | # timing is 4 times faster than the slowest timing or not. |
|
1204 | 1204 | if worst > 4 * best and best > 0 and worst > 1e-6: |
|
1205 | 1205 | print("The slowest run took %0.2f times longer than the " |
|
1206 | 1206 | "fastest. This could mean that an intermediate result " |
|
1207 | 1207 | "is being cached." % (worst / best)) |
|
1208 | 1208 | |
|
1209 | 1209 | print( timeit_result ) |
|
1210 | 1210 | |
|
1211 | 1211 | if tc > tc_min: |
|
1212 | 1212 | print("Compiler time: %.2f s" % tc) |
|
1213 | 1213 | if return_result: |
|
1214 | 1214 | return timeit_result |
|
1215 | 1215 | |
|
1216 | 1216 | @skip_doctest |
|
1217 | 1217 | @no_var_expand |
|
1218 | 1218 | @needs_local_scope |
|
1219 | 1219 | @line_cell_magic |
|
1220 | 1220 | @output_can_be_silenced |
|
1221 | 1221 | def time(self,line='', cell=None, local_ns=None): |
|
1222 | 1222 | """Time execution of a Python statement or expression. |
|
1223 | 1223 | |
|
1224 | 1224 | The CPU and wall clock times are printed, and the value of the |
|
1225 | 1225 | expression (if any) is returned. Note that under Win32, system time |
|
1226 | 1226 | is always reported as 0, since it can not be measured. |
|
1227 | 1227 | |
|
1228 | 1228 | This function can be used both as a line and cell magic: |
|
1229 | 1229 | |
|
1230 | 1230 | - In line mode you can time a single-line statement (though multiple |
|
1231 | 1231 | ones can be chained with using semicolons). |
|
1232 | 1232 | |
|
1233 | 1233 | - In cell mode, you can time the cell body (a directly |
|
1234 | 1234 | following statement raises an error). |
|
1235 | 1235 | |
|
1236 | 1236 | This function provides very basic timing functionality. Use the timeit |
|
1237 | 1237 | magic for more control over the measurement. |
|
1238 | 1238 | |
|
1239 | 1239 | .. versionchanged:: 7.3 |
|
1240 | 1240 | User variables are no longer expanded, |
|
1241 | 1241 | the magic line is always left unmodified. |
|
1242 | 1242 | |
|
1243 | 1243 | Examples |
|
1244 | 1244 | -------- |
|
1245 | 1245 | :: |
|
1246 | 1246 | |
|
1247 | 1247 | In [1]: %time 2**128 |
|
1248 | 1248 | CPU times: user 0.00 s, sys: 0.00 s, total: 0.00 s |
|
1249 | 1249 | Wall time: 0.00 |
|
1250 | 1250 | Out[1]: 340282366920938463463374607431768211456L |
|
1251 | 1251 | |
|
1252 | 1252 | In [2]: n = 1000000 |
|
1253 | 1253 | |
|
1254 | 1254 | In [3]: %time sum(range(n)) |
|
1255 | 1255 | CPU times: user 1.20 s, sys: 0.05 s, total: 1.25 s |
|
1256 | 1256 | Wall time: 1.37 |
|
1257 | 1257 | Out[3]: 499999500000L |
|
1258 | 1258 | |
|
1259 | 1259 | In [4]: %time print 'hello world' |
|
1260 | 1260 | hello world |
|
1261 | 1261 | CPU times: user 0.00 s, sys: 0.00 s, total: 0.00 s |
|
1262 | 1262 | Wall time: 0.00 |
|
1263 | 1263 | |
|
1264 | 1264 | .. note:: |
|
1265 | 1265 | The time needed by Python to compile the given expression will be |
|
1266 | 1266 | reported if it is more than 0.1s. |
|
1267 | 1267 | |
|
1268 | 1268 | In the example below, the actual exponentiation is done by Python |
|
1269 | 1269 | at compilation time, so while the expression can take a noticeable |
|
1270 | 1270 | amount of time to compute, that time is purely due to the |
|
1271 | 1271 | compilation:: |
|
1272 | 1272 | |
|
1273 | 1273 | In [5]: %time 3**9999; |
|
1274 | 1274 | CPU times: user 0.00 s, sys: 0.00 s, total: 0.00 s |
|
1275 | 1275 | Wall time: 0.00 s |
|
1276 | 1276 | |
|
1277 | 1277 | In [6]: %time 3**999999; |
|
1278 | 1278 | CPU times: user 0.00 s, sys: 0.00 s, total: 0.00 s |
|
1279 | 1279 | Wall time: 0.00 s |
|
1280 | 1280 | Compiler : 0.78 s |
|
1281 | 1281 | """ |
|
1282 | 1282 | # fail immediately if the given expression can't be compiled |
|
1283 | 1283 | |
|
1284 | 1284 | if line and cell: |
|
1285 | 1285 | raise UsageError("Can't use statement directly after '%%time'!") |
|
1286 | 1286 | |
|
1287 | 1287 | if cell: |
|
1288 | 1288 | expr = self.shell.transform_cell(cell) |
|
1289 | 1289 | else: |
|
1290 | 1290 | expr = self.shell.transform_cell(line) |
|
1291 | 1291 | |
|
1292 | 1292 | # Minimum time above which parse time will be reported |
|
1293 | 1293 | tp_min = 0.1 |
|
1294 | 1294 | |
|
1295 | 1295 | t0 = clock() |
|
1296 | 1296 | expr_ast = self.shell.compile.ast_parse(expr) |
|
1297 | 1297 | tp = clock()-t0 |
|
1298 | 1298 | |
|
1299 | 1299 | # Apply AST transformations |
|
1300 | 1300 | expr_ast = self.shell.transform_ast(expr_ast) |
|
1301 | 1301 | |
|
1302 | 1302 | # Minimum time above which compilation time will be reported |
|
1303 | 1303 | tc_min = 0.1 |
|
1304 | 1304 | |
|
1305 | 1305 | expr_val=None |
|
1306 | 1306 | if len(expr_ast.body)==1 and isinstance(expr_ast.body[0], ast.Expr): |
|
1307 | 1307 | mode = 'eval' |
|
1308 | 1308 | source = '<timed eval>' |
|
1309 | 1309 | expr_ast = ast.Expression(expr_ast.body[0].value) |
|
1310 | 1310 | else: |
|
1311 | 1311 | mode = 'exec' |
|
1312 | 1312 | source = '<timed exec>' |
|
1313 | 1313 | # multi-line %%time case |
|
1314 | 1314 | if len(expr_ast.body) > 1 and isinstance(expr_ast.body[-1], ast.Expr): |
|
1315 | 1315 | expr_val= expr_ast.body[-1] |
|
1316 | 1316 | expr_ast = expr_ast.body[:-1] |
|
1317 | 1317 | expr_ast = Module(expr_ast, []) |
|
1318 | 1318 | expr_val = ast.Expression(expr_val.value) |
|
1319 | 1319 | |
|
1320 | 1320 | t0 = clock() |
|
1321 | 1321 | code = self.shell.compile(expr_ast, source, mode) |
|
1322 | 1322 | tc = clock()-t0 |
|
1323 | 1323 | |
|
1324 | 1324 | # skew measurement as little as possible |
|
1325 | 1325 | glob = self.shell.user_ns |
|
1326 | 1326 | wtime = time.time |
|
1327 | 1327 | # time execution |
|
1328 | 1328 | wall_st = wtime() |
|
1329 | 1329 | if mode=='eval': |
|
1330 | 1330 | st = clock2() |
|
1331 | 1331 | try: |
|
1332 | 1332 | out = eval(code, glob, local_ns) |
|
1333 | 1333 | except: |
|
1334 | 1334 | self.shell.showtraceback() |
|
1335 | 1335 | return |
|
1336 | 1336 | end = clock2() |
|
1337 | 1337 | else: |
|
1338 | 1338 | st = clock2() |
|
1339 | 1339 | try: |
|
1340 | 1340 | exec(code, glob, local_ns) |
|
1341 | 1341 | out=None |
|
1342 | 1342 | # multi-line %%time case |
|
1343 | 1343 | if expr_val is not None: |
|
1344 | 1344 | code_2 = self.shell.compile(expr_val, source, 'eval') |
|
1345 | 1345 | out = eval(code_2, glob, local_ns) |
|
1346 | 1346 | except: |
|
1347 | 1347 | self.shell.showtraceback() |
|
1348 | 1348 | return |
|
1349 | 1349 | end = clock2() |
|
1350 | 1350 | |
|
1351 | 1351 | wall_end = wtime() |
|
1352 | 1352 | # Compute actual times and report |
|
1353 | 1353 | wall_time = wall_end - wall_st |
|
1354 | 1354 | cpu_user = end[0] - st[0] |
|
1355 | 1355 | cpu_sys = end[1] - st[1] |
|
1356 | 1356 | cpu_tot = cpu_user + cpu_sys |
|
1357 | 1357 | # On windows cpu_sys is always zero, so only total is displayed |
|
1358 | 1358 | if sys.platform != "win32": |
|
1359 | 1359 | print( |
|
1360 | 1360 | f"CPU times: user {_format_time(cpu_user)}, sys: {_format_time(cpu_sys)}, total: {_format_time(cpu_tot)}" |
|
1361 | 1361 | ) |
|
1362 | 1362 | else: |
|
1363 | 1363 | print(f"CPU times: total: {_format_time(cpu_tot)}") |
|
1364 | 1364 | print(f"Wall time: {_format_time(wall_time)}") |
|
1365 | 1365 | if tc > tc_min: |
|
1366 | 1366 | print(f"Compiler : {_format_time(tc)}") |
|
1367 | 1367 | if tp > tp_min: |
|
1368 | 1368 | print(f"Parser : {_format_time(tp)}") |
|
1369 | 1369 | return out |
|
1370 | 1370 | |
|
1371 | 1371 | @skip_doctest |
|
1372 | 1372 | @line_magic |
|
1373 | 1373 | def macro(self, parameter_s=''): |
|
1374 | 1374 | """Define a macro for future re-execution. It accepts ranges of history, |
|
1375 | 1375 | filenames or string objects. |
|
1376 | 1376 | |
|
1377 | 1377 | Usage:\\ |
|
1378 | 1378 | %macro [options] name n1-n2 n3-n4 ... n5 .. n6 ... |
|
1379 | 1379 | |
|
1380 | 1380 | Options: |
|
1381 | 1381 | |
|
1382 | 1382 | -r: use 'raw' input. By default, the 'processed' history is used, |
|
1383 | 1383 | so that magics are loaded in their transformed version to valid |
|
1384 | 1384 | Python. If this option is given, the raw input as typed at the |
|
1385 | 1385 | command line is used instead. |
|
1386 | 1386 | |
|
1387 | 1387 | -q: quiet macro definition. By default, a tag line is printed |
|
1388 | 1388 | to indicate the macro has been created, and then the contents of |
|
1389 | 1389 | the macro are printed. If this option is given, then no printout |
|
1390 | 1390 | is produced once the macro is created. |
|
1391 | 1391 | |
|
1392 | 1392 | This will define a global variable called `name` which is a string |
|
1393 | 1393 | made of joining the slices and lines you specify (n1,n2,... numbers |
|
1394 | 1394 | above) from your input history into a single string. This variable |
|
1395 | 1395 | acts like an automatic function which re-executes those lines as if |
|
1396 | 1396 | you had typed them. You just type 'name' at the prompt and the code |
|
1397 | 1397 | executes. |
|
1398 | 1398 | |
|
1399 | 1399 | The syntax for indicating input ranges is described in %history. |
|
1400 | 1400 | |
|
1401 | 1401 | Note: as a 'hidden' feature, you can also use traditional python slice |
|
1402 | 1402 | notation, where N:M means numbers N through M-1. |
|
1403 | 1403 | |
|
1404 | 1404 | For example, if your history contains (print using %hist -n ):: |
|
1405 | 1405 | |
|
1406 | 1406 | 44: x=1 |
|
1407 | 1407 | 45: y=3 |
|
1408 | 1408 | 46: z=x+y |
|
1409 | 1409 | 47: print x |
|
1410 | 1410 | 48: a=5 |
|
1411 | 1411 | 49: print 'x',x,'y',y |
|
1412 | 1412 | |
|
1413 | 1413 | you can create a macro with lines 44 through 47 (included) and line 49 |
|
1414 | 1414 | called my_macro with:: |
|
1415 | 1415 | |
|
1416 | 1416 | In [55]: %macro my_macro 44-47 49 |
|
1417 | 1417 | |
|
1418 | 1418 | Now, typing `my_macro` (without quotes) will re-execute all this code |
|
1419 | 1419 | in one pass. |
|
1420 | 1420 | |
|
1421 | 1421 | You don't need to give the line-numbers in order, and any given line |
|
1422 | 1422 | number can appear multiple times. You can assemble macros with any |
|
1423 | 1423 | lines from your input history in any order. |
|
1424 | 1424 | |
|
1425 | 1425 | The macro is a simple object which holds its value in an attribute, |
|
1426 | 1426 | but IPython's display system checks for macros and executes them as |
|
1427 | 1427 | code instead of printing them when you type their name. |
|
1428 | 1428 | |
|
1429 | 1429 | You can view a macro's contents by explicitly printing it with:: |
|
1430 | 1430 | |
|
1431 | 1431 | print macro_name |
|
1432 | 1432 | |
|
1433 | 1433 | """ |
|
1434 | 1434 | opts,args = self.parse_options(parameter_s,'rq',mode='list') |
|
1435 | 1435 | if not args: # List existing macros |
|
1436 | 1436 | return sorted(k for k,v in self.shell.user_ns.items() if isinstance(v, Macro)) |
|
1437 | 1437 | if len(args) == 1: |
|
1438 | 1438 | raise UsageError( |
|
1439 | 1439 | "%macro insufficient args; usage '%macro name n1-n2 n3-4...") |
|
1440 | 1440 | name, codefrom = args[0], " ".join(args[1:]) |
|
1441 | 1441 | |
|
1442 | 1442 | #print 'rng',ranges # dbg |
|
1443 | 1443 | try: |
|
1444 | 1444 | lines = self.shell.find_user_code(codefrom, 'r' in opts) |
|
1445 | 1445 | except (ValueError, TypeError) as e: |
|
1446 | 1446 | print(e.args[0]) |
|
1447 | 1447 | return |
|
1448 | 1448 | macro = Macro(lines) |
|
1449 | 1449 | self.shell.define_macro(name, macro) |
|
1450 | 1450 | if not ( 'q' in opts) : |
|
1451 | 1451 | print('Macro `%s` created. To execute, type its name (without quotes).' % name) |
|
1452 | 1452 | print('=== Macro contents: ===') |
|
1453 | 1453 | print(macro, end=' ') |
|
1454 | 1454 | |
|
1455 | 1455 | @magic_arguments.magic_arguments() |
|
1456 | 1456 | @magic_arguments.argument('output', type=str, default='', nargs='?', |
|
1457 | 1457 | help="""The name of the variable in which to store output. |
|
1458 | 1458 | This is a utils.io.CapturedIO object with stdout/err attributes |
|
1459 | 1459 | for the text of the captured output. |
|
1460 | 1460 | |
|
1461 | 1461 | CapturedOutput also has a show() method for displaying the output, |
|
1462 | 1462 | and __call__ as well, so you can use that to quickly display the |
|
1463 | 1463 | output. |
|
1464 | 1464 | |
|
1465 | 1465 | If unspecified, captured output is discarded. |
|
1466 | 1466 | """ |
|
1467 | 1467 | ) |
|
1468 | 1468 | @magic_arguments.argument('--no-stderr', action="store_true", |
|
1469 | 1469 | help="""Don't capture stderr.""" |
|
1470 | 1470 | ) |
|
1471 | 1471 | @magic_arguments.argument('--no-stdout', action="store_true", |
|
1472 | 1472 | help="""Don't capture stdout.""" |
|
1473 | 1473 | ) |
|
1474 | 1474 | @magic_arguments.argument('--no-display', action="store_true", |
|
1475 | 1475 | help="""Don't capture IPython's rich display.""" |
|
1476 | 1476 | ) |
|
1477 | 1477 | @cell_magic |
|
1478 | 1478 | def capture(self, line, cell): |
|
1479 | 1479 | """run the cell, capturing stdout, stderr, and IPython's rich display() calls.""" |
|
1480 | 1480 | args = magic_arguments.parse_argstring(self.capture, line) |
|
1481 | 1481 | out = not args.no_stdout |
|
1482 | 1482 | err = not args.no_stderr |
|
1483 | 1483 | disp = not args.no_display |
|
1484 | 1484 | with capture_output(out, err, disp) as io: |
|
1485 | 1485 | self.shell.run_cell(cell) |
|
1486 | 1486 | if DisplayHook.semicolon_at_end_of_expression(cell): |
|
1487 | 1487 | if args.output in self.shell.user_ns: |
|
1488 | 1488 | del self.shell.user_ns[args.output] |
|
1489 | 1489 | elif args.output: |
|
1490 | 1490 | self.shell.user_ns[args.output] = io |
|
1491 | 1491 | |
|
1492 | 1492 | @skip_doctest |
|
1493 | 1493 | @magic_arguments.magic_arguments() |
|
1494 | 1494 | @magic_arguments.argument("name", type=str, default="default", nargs="?") |
|
1495 | 1495 | @magic_arguments.argument( |
|
1496 | 1496 | "--remove", action="store_true", help="remove the current transformer" |
|
1497 | 1497 | ) |
|
1498 | 1498 | @magic_arguments.argument( |
|
1499 | 1499 | "--list", action="store_true", help="list existing transformers name" |
|
1500 | 1500 | ) |
|
1501 | 1501 | @magic_arguments.argument( |
|
1502 | 1502 | "--list-all", |
|
1503 | 1503 | action="store_true", |
|
1504 | 1504 | help="list existing transformers name and code template", |
|
1505 | 1505 | ) |
|
1506 | 1506 | @line_cell_magic |
|
1507 | 1507 | def code_wrap(self, line, cell=None): |
|
1508 | 1508 | """ |
|
1509 |
Simple magic to quickly define a code transformer for all IPython's future i |
|
|
1509 | Simple magic to quickly define a code transformer for all IPython's future input. | |
|
1510 | 1510 | |
|
1511 | 1511 | ``__code__`` and ``__ret__`` are special variable that represent the code to run |
|
1512 | 1512 | and the value of the last expression of ``__code__`` respectively. |
|
1513 | 1513 | |
|
1514 | 1514 | Examples |
|
1515 | 1515 | -------- |
|
1516 | 1516 | |
|
1517 | 1517 | .. ipython:: |
|
1518 | 1518 | |
|
1519 | 1519 | In [1]: %%code_wrap before_after |
|
1520 | 1520 | ...: print('before') |
|
1521 | 1521 | ...: __code__ |
|
1522 | 1522 | ...: print('after') |
|
1523 | 1523 | ...: __ret__ |
|
1524 | 1524 | |
|
1525 | 1525 | |
|
1526 | 1526 | In [2]: 1 |
|
1527 | 1527 | before |
|
1528 | 1528 | after |
|
1529 | 1529 | Out[2]: 1 |
|
1530 | 1530 | |
|
1531 | 1531 | In [3]: %code_wrap --list |
|
1532 | 1532 | before_after |
|
1533 | 1533 | |
|
1534 | 1534 | In [4]: %code_wrap --list-all |
|
1535 | 1535 | before_after : |
|
1536 | 1536 | print('before') |
|
1537 | 1537 | __code__ |
|
1538 | 1538 | print('after') |
|
1539 | 1539 | __ret__ |
|
1540 | 1540 | |
|
1541 | 1541 | In [5]: %code_wrap --remove before_after |
|
1542 | 1542 | |
|
1543 | 1543 | """ |
|
1544 | 1544 | args = magic_arguments.parse_argstring(self.code_wrap, line) |
|
1545 | 1545 | |
|
1546 | 1546 | if args.list: |
|
1547 | 1547 | for name in self._transformers.keys(): |
|
1548 | 1548 | print(name) |
|
1549 | 1549 | return |
|
1550 | 1550 | if args.list_all: |
|
1551 | 1551 | for name, _t in self._transformers.items(): |
|
1552 | 1552 | print(name, ":") |
|
1553 | 1553 | print(indent(ast.unparse(_t.template), " ")) |
|
1554 | 1554 | print() |
|
1555 | 1555 | return |
|
1556 | 1556 | |
|
1557 | 1557 | to_remove = self._transformers.pop(args.name, None) |
|
1558 | 1558 | if to_remove in self.shell.ast_transformers: |
|
1559 | 1559 | self.shell.ast_transformers.remove(to_remove) |
|
1560 | 1560 | if cell is None or args.remove: |
|
1561 | 1561 | return |
|
1562 | 1562 | |
|
1563 | 1563 | _trs = ReplaceCodeTransformer(ast.parse(cell)) |
|
1564 | 1564 | |
|
1565 | 1565 | self._transformers[args.name] = _trs |
|
1566 | 1566 | self.shell.ast_transformers.append(_trs) |
|
1567 | 1567 | |
|
1568 | 1568 | |
|
1569 | 1569 | def parse_breakpoint(text, current_file): |
|
1570 | 1570 | '''Returns (file, line) for file:line and (current_file, line) for line''' |
|
1571 | 1571 | colon = text.find(':') |
|
1572 | 1572 | if colon == -1: |
|
1573 | 1573 | return current_file, int(text) |
|
1574 | 1574 | else: |
|
1575 | 1575 | return text[:colon], int(text[colon+1:]) |
|
1576 | 1576 | |
|
1577 | 1577 | def _format_time(timespan, precision=3): |
|
1578 | 1578 | """Formats the timespan in a human readable form""" |
|
1579 | 1579 | |
|
1580 | 1580 | if timespan >= 60.0: |
|
1581 | 1581 | # we have more than a minute, format that in a human readable form |
|
1582 | 1582 | # Idea from http://snipplr.com/view/5713/ |
|
1583 | 1583 | parts = [("d", 60*60*24),("h", 60*60),("min", 60), ("s", 1)] |
|
1584 | 1584 | time = [] |
|
1585 | 1585 | leftover = timespan |
|
1586 | 1586 | for suffix, length in parts: |
|
1587 | 1587 | value = int(leftover / length) |
|
1588 | 1588 | if value > 0: |
|
1589 | 1589 | leftover = leftover % length |
|
1590 | 1590 | time.append(u'%s%s' % (str(value), suffix)) |
|
1591 | 1591 | if leftover < 1: |
|
1592 | 1592 | break |
|
1593 | 1593 | return " ".join(time) |
|
1594 | 1594 | |
|
1595 | 1595 | |
|
1596 | 1596 | # Unfortunately the unicode 'micro' symbol can cause problems in |
|
1597 | 1597 | # certain terminals. |
|
1598 | 1598 | # See bug: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ipython/+bug/348466 |
|
1599 | 1599 | # Try to prevent crashes by being more secure than it needs to |
|
1600 | 1600 | # E.g. eclipse is able to print a µ, but has no sys.stdout.encoding set. |
|
1601 | 1601 | units = [u"s", u"ms",u'us',"ns"] # the save value |
|
1602 | 1602 | if hasattr(sys.stdout, 'encoding') and sys.stdout.encoding: |
|
1603 | 1603 | try: |
|
1604 | 1604 | u'\xb5'.encode(sys.stdout.encoding) |
|
1605 | 1605 | units = [u"s", u"ms",u'\xb5s',"ns"] |
|
1606 | 1606 | except: |
|
1607 | 1607 | pass |
|
1608 | 1608 | scaling = [1, 1e3, 1e6, 1e9] |
|
1609 | 1609 | |
|
1610 | 1610 | if timespan > 0.0: |
|
1611 | 1611 | order = min(-int(math.floor(math.log10(timespan)) // 3), 3) |
|
1612 | 1612 | else: |
|
1613 | 1613 | order = 3 |
|
1614 | 1614 | return "%.*g %s" % (precision, timespan * scaling[order], units[order]) |
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