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@@ -1,3150 +1,3159 b'' | |||
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1 | 1 | # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- |
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2 | 2 | """Main IPython class.""" |
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3 | 3 | |
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4 | 4 | #----------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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5 | 5 | # Copyright (C) 2001 Janko Hauser <jhauser@zscout.de> |
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6 | 6 | # Copyright (C) 2001-2007 Fernando Perez. <fperez@colorado.edu> |
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7 | 7 | # Copyright (C) 2008-2011 The IPython Development Team |
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8 | 8 | # |
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9 | 9 | # Distributed under the terms of the BSD License. The full license is in |
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10 | 10 | # the file COPYING, distributed as part of this software. |
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11 | 11 | #----------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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12 | 12 | |
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13 | 13 | #----------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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14 | 14 | # Imports |
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15 | 15 | #----------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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16 | 16 | |
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17 | 17 | from __future__ import absolute_import |
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18 | 18 | from __future__ import print_function |
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19 | 19 | |
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20 | 20 | import __builtin__ as builtin_mod |
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21 | 21 | import __future__ |
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22 | 22 | import abc |
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23 | 23 | import ast |
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24 | 24 | import atexit |
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25 | 25 | import functools |
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26 | 26 | import os |
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27 | 27 | import re |
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28 | 28 | import runpy |
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29 | 29 | import sys |
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30 | 30 | import tempfile |
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31 | 31 | import types |
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32 | 32 | from io import open as io_open |
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33 | 33 | |
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34 | 34 | from IPython.config.configurable import SingletonConfigurable |
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35 | 35 | from IPython.core import debugger, oinspect |
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36 | 36 | from IPython.core import magic |
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37 | 37 | from IPython.core import page |
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38 | 38 | from IPython.core import prefilter |
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39 | 39 | from IPython.core import shadowns |
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40 | 40 | from IPython.core import ultratb |
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41 | 41 | from IPython.core.alias import AliasManager, AliasError |
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42 | 42 | from IPython.core.autocall import ExitAutocall |
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43 | 43 | from IPython.core.builtin_trap import BuiltinTrap |
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44 | 44 | from IPython.core.compilerop import CachingCompiler, check_linecache_ipython |
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45 | 45 | from IPython.core.display_trap import DisplayTrap |
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46 | 46 | from IPython.core.displayhook import DisplayHook |
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47 | 47 | from IPython.core.displaypub import DisplayPublisher |
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48 | 48 | from IPython.core.error import UsageError |
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49 | 49 | from IPython.core.extensions import ExtensionManager |
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50 | from IPython.core.fakemodule import FakeModule, init_fakemod_dict | |
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51 | 50 | from IPython.core.formatters import DisplayFormatter |
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52 | 51 | from IPython.core.history import HistoryManager |
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53 | 52 | from IPython.core.inputsplitter import IPythonInputSplitter, ESC_MAGIC, ESC_MAGIC2 |
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54 | 53 | from IPython.core.logger import Logger |
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55 | 54 | from IPython.core.macro import Macro |
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56 | 55 | from IPython.core.payload import PayloadManager |
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57 | 56 | from IPython.core.prefilter import PrefilterManager |
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58 | 57 | from IPython.core.profiledir import ProfileDir |
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59 | 58 | from IPython.core.prompts import PromptManager |
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60 | 59 | from IPython.lib.latextools import LaTeXTool |
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61 | 60 | from IPython.testing.skipdoctest import skip_doctest |
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62 | 61 | from IPython.utils import PyColorize |
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63 | 62 | from IPython.utils import io |
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64 | 63 | from IPython.utils import py3compat |
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65 | 64 | from IPython.utils import openpy |
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66 | 65 | from IPython.utils.decorators import undoc |
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67 | 66 | from IPython.utils.io import ask_yes_no |
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68 | 67 | from IPython.utils.ipstruct import Struct |
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69 | 68 | from IPython.utils.path import get_home_dir, get_ipython_dir, get_py_filename, unquote_filename |
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70 | 69 | from IPython.utils.pickleshare import PickleShareDB |
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71 | 70 | from IPython.utils.process import system, getoutput |
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72 | 71 | from IPython.utils.strdispatch import StrDispatch |
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73 | 72 | from IPython.utils.syspathcontext import prepended_to_syspath |
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74 | 73 | from IPython.utils.text import (format_screen, LSString, SList, |
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75 | 74 | DollarFormatter) |
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76 | 75 | from IPython.utils.traitlets import (Integer, CBool, CaselessStrEnum, Enum, |
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77 | 76 | List, Unicode, Instance, Type) |
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78 | 77 | from IPython.utils.warn import warn, error |
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79 | 78 | import IPython.core.hooks |
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80 | 79 | |
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81 | 80 | #----------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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82 | 81 | # Globals |
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83 | 82 | #----------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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84 | 83 | |
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85 | 84 | # compiled regexps for autoindent management |
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86 | 85 | dedent_re = re.compile(r'^\s+raise|^\s+return|^\s+pass') |
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87 | 86 | |
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88 | 87 | #----------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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89 | 88 | # Utilities |
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90 | 89 | #----------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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91 | 90 | |
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92 | 91 | @undoc |
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93 | 92 | def softspace(file, newvalue): |
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94 | 93 | """Copied from code.py, to remove the dependency""" |
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95 | 94 | |
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96 | 95 | oldvalue = 0 |
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97 | 96 | try: |
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98 | 97 | oldvalue = file.softspace |
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99 | 98 | except AttributeError: |
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100 | 99 | pass |
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101 | 100 | try: |
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102 | 101 | file.softspace = newvalue |
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103 | 102 | except (AttributeError, TypeError): |
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104 | 103 | # "attribute-less object" or "read-only attributes" |
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105 | 104 | pass |
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106 | 105 | return oldvalue |
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107 | 106 | |
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108 | 107 | @undoc |
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109 | 108 | def no_op(*a, **kw): pass |
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110 | 109 | |
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111 | 110 | @undoc |
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112 | 111 | class NoOpContext(object): |
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113 | 112 | def __enter__(self): pass |
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114 | 113 | def __exit__(self, type, value, traceback): pass |
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115 | 114 | no_op_context = NoOpContext() |
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116 | 115 | |
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117 | 116 | class SpaceInInput(Exception): pass |
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118 | 117 | |
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119 | 118 | @undoc |
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120 | 119 | class Bunch: pass |
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121 | 120 | |
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122 | 121 | |
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123 | 122 | def get_default_colors(): |
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124 | 123 | if sys.platform=='darwin': |
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125 | 124 | return "LightBG" |
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126 | 125 | elif os.name=='nt': |
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127 | 126 | return 'Linux' |
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128 | 127 | else: |
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129 | 128 | return 'Linux' |
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130 | 129 | |
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131 | 130 | |
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132 | 131 | class SeparateUnicode(Unicode): |
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133 | 132 | """A Unicode subclass to validate separate_in, separate_out, etc. |
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134 | 133 | |
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135 | 134 | This is a Unicode based trait that converts '0'->'' and '\\n'->'\n'. |
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136 | 135 | """ |
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137 | 136 | |
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138 | 137 | def validate(self, obj, value): |
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139 | 138 | if value == '0': value = '' |
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140 | 139 | value = value.replace('\\n','\n') |
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141 | 140 | return super(SeparateUnicode, self).validate(obj, value) |
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142 | 141 | |
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143 | 142 | |
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144 | 143 | class ReadlineNoRecord(object): |
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145 | 144 | """Context manager to execute some code, then reload readline history |
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146 | 145 | so that interactive input to the code doesn't appear when pressing up.""" |
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147 | 146 | def __init__(self, shell): |
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148 | 147 | self.shell = shell |
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149 | 148 | self._nested_level = 0 |
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150 | 149 | |
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151 | 150 | def __enter__(self): |
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152 | 151 | if self._nested_level == 0: |
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153 | 152 | try: |
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154 | 153 | self.orig_length = self.current_length() |
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155 | 154 | self.readline_tail = self.get_readline_tail() |
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156 | 155 | except (AttributeError, IndexError): # Can fail with pyreadline |
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157 | 156 | self.orig_length, self.readline_tail = 999999, [] |
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158 | 157 | self._nested_level += 1 |
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159 | 158 | |
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160 | 159 | def __exit__(self, type, value, traceback): |
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161 | 160 | self._nested_level -= 1 |
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162 | 161 | if self._nested_level == 0: |
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163 | 162 | # Try clipping the end if it's got longer |
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164 | 163 | try: |
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165 | 164 | e = self.current_length() - self.orig_length |
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166 | 165 | if e > 0: |
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167 | 166 | for _ in range(e): |
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168 | 167 | self.shell.readline.remove_history_item(self.orig_length) |
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169 | 168 | |
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170 | 169 | # If it still doesn't match, just reload readline history. |
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171 | 170 | if self.current_length() != self.orig_length \ |
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172 | 171 | or self.get_readline_tail() != self.readline_tail: |
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173 | 172 | self.shell.refill_readline_hist() |
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174 | 173 | except (AttributeError, IndexError): |
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175 | 174 | pass |
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176 | 175 | # Returning False will cause exceptions to propagate |
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177 | 176 | return False |
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178 | 177 | |
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179 | 178 | def current_length(self): |
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180 | 179 | return self.shell.readline.get_current_history_length() |
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181 | 180 | |
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182 | 181 | def get_readline_tail(self, n=10): |
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183 | 182 | """Get the last n items in readline history.""" |
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184 | 183 | end = self.shell.readline.get_current_history_length() + 1 |
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185 | 184 | start = max(end-n, 1) |
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186 | 185 | ghi = self.shell.readline.get_history_item |
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187 | 186 | return [ghi(x) for x in range(start, end)] |
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188 | 187 | |
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189 | 188 | |
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190 | 189 | @undoc |
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191 | 190 | class DummyMod(object): |
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192 | 191 | """A dummy module used for IPython's interactive module when |
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193 | 192 | a namespace must be assigned to the module's __dict__.""" |
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194 | 193 | pass |
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195 | 194 | |
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196 | 195 | #----------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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197 | 196 | # Main IPython class |
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198 | 197 | #----------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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199 | 198 | |
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200 | 199 | class InteractiveShell(SingletonConfigurable): |
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201 | 200 | """An enhanced, interactive shell for Python.""" |
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202 | 201 | |
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203 | 202 | _instance = None |
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204 | 203 | |
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205 | 204 | ast_transformers = List([], config=True, help= |
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206 | 205 | """ |
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207 | 206 | A list of ast.NodeTransformer subclass instances, which will be applied |
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208 | 207 | to user input before code is run. |
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209 | 208 | """ |
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210 | 209 | ) |
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211 | 210 | |
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212 | 211 | autocall = Enum((0,1,2), default_value=0, config=True, help= |
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213 | 212 | """ |
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214 | 213 | Make IPython automatically call any callable object even if you didn't |
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215 | 214 | type explicit parentheses. For example, 'str 43' becomes 'str(43)' |
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216 | 215 | automatically. The value can be '0' to disable the feature, '1' for |
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217 | 216 | 'smart' autocall, where it is not applied if there are no more |
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218 | 217 | arguments on the line, and '2' for 'full' autocall, where all callable |
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219 | 218 | objects are automatically called (even if no arguments are present). |
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220 | 219 | """ |
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221 | 220 | ) |
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222 | 221 | # TODO: remove all autoindent logic and put into frontends. |
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223 | 222 | # We can't do this yet because even runlines uses the autoindent. |
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224 | 223 | autoindent = CBool(True, config=True, help= |
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225 | 224 | """ |
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226 | 225 | Autoindent IPython code entered interactively. |
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227 | 226 | """ |
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228 | 227 | ) |
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229 | 228 | automagic = CBool(True, config=True, help= |
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230 | 229 | """ |
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231 | 230 | Enable magic commands to be called without the leading %. |
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232 | 231 | """ |
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233 | 232 | ) |
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234 | 233 | cache_size = Integer(1000, config=True, help= |
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235 | 234 | """ |
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236 | 235 | Set the size of the output cache. The default is 1000, you can |
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237 | 236 | change it permanently in your config file. Setting it to 0 completely |
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238 | 237 | disables the caching system, and the minimum value accepted is 20 (if |
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239 | 238 | you provide a value less than 20, it is reset to 0 and a warning is |
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240 | 239 | issued). This limit is defined because otherwise you'll spend more |
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241 | 240 | time re-flushing a too small cache than working |
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242 | 241 | """ |
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243 | 242 | ) |
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244 | 243 | color_info = CBool(True, config=True, help= |
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245 | 244 | """ |
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246 | 245 | Use colors for displaying information about objects. Because this |
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247 | 246 | information is passed through a pager (like 'less'), and some pagers |
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248 | 247 | get confused with color codes, this capability can be turned off. |
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249 | 248 | """ |
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250 | 249 | ) |
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251 | 250 | colors = CaselessStrEnum(('NoColor','LightBG','Linux'), |
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252 | 251 | default_value=get_default_colors(), config=True, |
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253 | 252 | help="Set the color scheme (NoColor, Linux, or LightBG)." |
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254 | 253 | ) |
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255 | 254 | colors_force = CBool(False, help= |
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256 | 255 | """ |
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257 | 256 | Force use of ANSI color codes, regardless of OS and readline |
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258 | 257 | availability. |
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259 | 258 | """ |
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260 | 259 | # FIXME: This is essentially a hack to allow ZMQShell to show colors |
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261 | 260 | # without readline on Win32. When the ZMQ formatting system is |
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262 | 261 | # refactored, this should be removed. |
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263 | 262 | ) |
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264 | 263 | debug = CBool(False, config=True) |
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265 | 264 | deep_reload = CBool(False, config=True, help= |
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266 | 265 | """ |
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267 | 266 | Enable deep (recursive) reloading by default. IPython can use the |
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268 | 267 | deep_reload module which reloads changes in modules recursively (it |
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269 | 268 | replaces the reload() function, so you don't need to change anything to |
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270 | 269 | use it). deep_reload() forces a full reload of modules whose code may |
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271 | 270 | have changed, which the default reload() function does not. When |
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272 | 271 | deep_reload is off, IPython will use the normal reload(), but |
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273 | 272 | deep_reload will still be available as dreload(). |
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274 | 273 | """ |
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275 | 274 | ) |
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276 | 275 | disable_failing_post_execute = CBool(False, config=True, |
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277 | 276 | help="Don't call post-execute functions that have failed in the past." |
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278 | 277 | ) |
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279 | 278 | display_formatter = Instance(DisplayFormatter) |
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280 | 279 | displayhook_class = Type(DisplayHook) |
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281 | 280 | display_pub_class = Type(DisplayPublisher) |
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282 | 281 | data_pub_class = None |
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283 | 282 | |
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284 | 283 | exit_now = CBool(False) |
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285 | 284 | exiter = Instance(ExitAutocall) |
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286 | 285 | def _exiter_default(self): |
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287 | 286 | return ExitAutocall(self) |
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288 | 287 | # Monotonically increasing execution counter |
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289 | 288 | execution_count = Integer(1) |
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290 | 289 | filename = Unicode("<ipython console>") |
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291 | 290 | ipython_dir= Unicode('', config=True) # Set to get_ipython_dir() in __init__ |
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292 | 291 | |
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293 | 292 | # Input splitter, to transform input line by line and detect when a block |
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294 | 293 | # is ready to be executed. |
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295 | 294 | input_splitter = Instance('IPython.core.inputsplitter.IPythonInputSplitter', |
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296 | 295 | (), {'line_input_checker': True}) |
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297 | 296 | |
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298 | 297 | # This InputSplitter instance is used to transform completed cells before |
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299 | 298 | # running them. It allows cell magics to contain blank lines. |
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300 | 299 | input_transformer_manager = Instance('IPython.core.inputsplitter.IPythonInputSplitter', |
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301 | 300 | (), {'line_input_checker': False}) |
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302 | 301 | |
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303 | 302 | logstart = CBool(False, config=True, help= |
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304 | 303 | """ |
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305 | 304 | Start logging to the default log file. |
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306 | 305 | """ |
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307 | 306 | ) |
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308 | 307 | logfile = Unicode('', config=True, help= |
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309 | 308 | """ |
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310 | 309 | The name of the logfile to use. |
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311 | 310 | """ |
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312 | 311 | ) |
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313 | 312 | logappend = Unicode('', config=True, help= |
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314 | 313 | """ |
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315 | 314 | Start logging to the given file in append mode. |
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316 | 315 | """ |
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317 | 316 | ) |
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318 | 317 | object_info_string_level = Enum((0,1,2), default_value=0, |
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319 | 318 | config=True) |
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320 | 319 | pdb = CBool(False, config=True, help= |
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321 | 320 | """ |
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322 | 321 | Automatically call the pdb debugger after every exception. |
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323 | 322 | """ |
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324 | 323 | ) |
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325 | 324 | multiline_history = CBool(sys.platform != 'win32', config=True, |
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326 | 325 | help="Save multi-line entries as one entry in readline history" |
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327 | 326 | ) |
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328 | 327 | |
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329 | 328 | # deprecated prompt traits: |
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330 | 329 | |
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331 | 330 | prompt_in1 = Unicode('In [\\#]: ', config=True, |
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332 | 331 | help="Deprecated, use PromptManager.in_template") |
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333 | 332 | prompt_in2 = Unicode(' .\\D.: ', config=True, |
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334 | 333 | help="Deprecated, use PromptManager.in2_template") |
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335 | 334 | prompt_out = Unicode('Out[\\#]: ', config=True, |
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336 | 335 | help="Deprecated, use PromptManager.out_template") |
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337 | 336 | prompts_pad_left = CBool(True, config=True, |
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338 | 337 | help="Deprecated, use PromptManager.justify") |
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339 | 338 | |
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340 | 339 | def _prompt_trait_changed(self, name, old, new): |
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341 | 340 | table = { |
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342 | 341 | 'prompt_in1' : 'in_template', |
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343 | 342 | 'prompt_in2' : 'in2_template', |
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344 | 343 | 'prompt_out' : 'out_template', |
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345 | 344 | 'prompts_pad_left' : 'justify', |
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346 | 345 | } |
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347 | 346 | warn("InteractiveShell.{name} is deprecated, use PromptManager.{newname}".format( |
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348 | 347 | name=name, newname=table[name]) |
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349 | 348 | ) |
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350 | 349 | # protect against weird cases where self.config may not exist: |
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351 | 350 | if self.config is not None: |
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352 | 351 | # propagate to corresponding PromptManager trait |
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353 | 352 | setattr(self.config.PromptManager, table[name], new) |
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354 | 353 | |
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355 | 354 | _prompt_in1_changed = _prompt_trait_changed |
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356 | 355 | _prompt_in2_changed = _prompt_trait_changed |
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357 | 356 | _prompt_out_changed = _prompt_trait_changed |
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358 | 357 | _prompt_pad_left_changed = _prompt_trait_changed |
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359 | 358 | |
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360 | 359 | show_rewritten_input = CBool(True, config=True, |
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361 | 360 | help="Show rewritten input, e.g. for autocall." |
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362 | 361 | ) |
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363 | 362 | |
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364 | 363 | quiet = CBool(False, config=True) |
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365 | 364 | |
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366 | 365 | history_length = Integer(10000, config=True) |
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367 | 366 | |
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368 | 367 | # The readline stuff will eventually be moved to the terminal subclass |
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369 | 368 | # but for now, we can't do that as readline is welded in everywhere. |
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370 | 369 | readline_use = CBool(True, config=True) |
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371 | 370 | readline_remove_delims = Unicode('-/~', config=True) |
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372 | 371 | readline_delims = Unicode() # set by init_readline() |
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373 | 372 | # don't use \M- bindings by default, because they |
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374 | 373 | # conflict with 8-bit encodings. See gh-58,gh-88 |
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375 | 374 | readline_parse_and_bind = List([ |
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376 | 375 | 'tab: complete', |
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377 | 376 | '"\C-l": clear-screen', |
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378 | 377 | 'set show-all-if-ambiguous on', |
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379 | 378 | '"\C-o": tab-insert', |
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380 | 379 | '"\C-r": reverse-search-history', |
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381 | 380 | '"\C-s": forward-search-history', |
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382 | 381 | '"\C-p": history-search-backward', |
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383 | 382 | '"\C-n": history-search-forward', |
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384 | 383 | '"\e[A": history-search-backward', |
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385 | 384 | '"\e[B": history-search-forward', |
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386 | 385 | '"\C-k": kill-line', |
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387 | 386 | '"\C-u": unix-line-discard', |
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388 | 387 | ], allow_none=False, config=True) |
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389 | 388 | |
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390 | 389 | ast_node_interactivity = Enum(['all', 'last', 'last_expr', 'none'], |
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391 | 390 | default_value='last_expr', config=True, |
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392 | 391 | help=""" |
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393 | 392 | 'all', 'last', 'last_expr' or 'none', specifying which nodes should be |
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394 | 393 | run interactively (displaying output from expressions).""") |
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395 | 394 | |
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396 | 395 | # TODO: this part of prompt management should be moved to the frontends. |
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397 | 396 | # Use custom TraitTypes that convert '0'->'' and '\\n'->'\n' |
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398 | 397 | separate_in = SeparateUnicode('\n', config=True) |
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399 | 398 | separate_out = SeparateUnicode('', config=True) |
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400 | 399 | separate_out2 = SeparateUnicode('', config=True) |
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401 | 400 | wildcards_case_sensitive = CBool(True, config=True) |
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402 | 401 | xmode = CaselessStrEnum(('Context','Plain', 'Verbose'), |
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403 | 402 | default_value='Context', config=True) |
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404 | 403 | |
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405 | 404 | # Subcomponents of InteractiveShell |
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406 | 405 | alias_manager = Instance('IPython.core.alias.AliasManager') |
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407 | 406 | prefilter_manager = Instance('IPython.core.prefilter.PrefilterManager') |
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408 | 407 | builtin_trap = Instance('IPython.core.builtin_trap.BuiltinTrap') |
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409 | 408 | display_trap = Instance('IPython.core.display_trap.DisplayTrap') |
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410 | 409 | extension_manager = Instance('IPython.core.extensions.ExtensionManager') |
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411 | 410 | payload_manager = Instance('IPython.core.payload.PayloadManager') |
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412 | 411 | history_manager = Instance('IPython.core.history.HistoryManager') |
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413 | 412 | magics_manager = Instance('IPython.core.magic.MagicsManager') |
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414 | 413 | |
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415 | 414 | profile_dir = Instance('IPython.core.application.ProfileDir') |
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416 | 415 | @property |
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417 | 416 | def profile(self): |
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418 | 417 | if self.profile_dir is not None: |
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419 | 418 | name = os.path.basename(self.profile_dir.location) |
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420 | 419 | return name.replace('profile_','') |
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421 | 420 | |
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422 | 421 | |
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423 | 422 | # Private interface |
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424 | 423 | _post_execute = Instance(dict) |
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425 | 424 | |
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426 | 425 | # Tracks any GUI loop loaded for pylab |
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427 | 426 | pylab_gui_select = None |
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428 | 427 | |
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429 | 428 | def __init__(self, ipython_dir=None, profile_dir=None, |
|
430 | 429 | user_module=None, user_ns=None, |
|
431 | 430 | custom_exceptions=((), None), **kwargs): |
|
432 | 431 | |
|
433 | 432 | # This is where traits with a config_key argument are updated |
|
434 | 433 | # from the values on config. |
|
435 | 434 | super(InteractiveShell, self).__init__(**kwargs) |
|
436 | 435 | self.configurables = [self] |
|
437 | 436 | |
|
438 | 437 | # These are relatively independent and stateless |
|
439 | 438 | self.init_ipython_dir(ipython_dir) |
|
440 | 439 | self.init_profile_dir(profile_dir) |
|
441 | 440 | self.init_instance_attrs() |
|
442 | 441 | self.init_environment() |
|
443 | 442 | |
|
444 | 443 | # Check if we're in a virtualenv, and set up sys.path. |
|
445 | 444 | self.init_virtualenv() |
|
446 | 445 | |
|
447 | 446 | # Create namespaces (user_ns, user_global_ns, etc.) |
|
448 | 447 | self.init_create_namespaces(user_module, user_ns) |
|
449 | 448 | # This has to be done after init_create_namespaces because it uses |
|
450 | 449 | # something in self.user_ns, but before init_sys_modules, which |
|
451 | 450 | # is the first thing to modify sys. |
|
452 | 451 | # TODO: When we override sys.stdout and sys.stderr before this class |
|
453 | 452 | # is created, we are saving the overridden ones here. Not sure if this |
|
454 | 453 | # is what we want to do. |
|
455 | 454 | self.save_sys_module_state() |
|
456 | 455 | self.init_sys_modules() |
|
457 | 456 | |
|
458 | 457 | # While we're trying to have each part of the code directly access what |
|
459 | 458 | # it needs without keeping redundant references to objects, we have too |
|
460 | 459 | # much legacy code that expects ip.db to exist. |
|
461 | 460 | self.db = PickleShareDB(os.path.join(self.profile_dir.location, 'db')) |
|
462 | 461 | |
|
463 | 462 | self.init_history() |
|
464 | 463 | self.init_encoding() |
|
465 | 464 | self.init_prefilter() |
|
466 | 465 | |
|
467 | 466 | self.init_syntax_highlighting() |
|
468 | 467 | self.init_hooks() |
|
469 | 468 | self.init_pushd_popd_magic() |
|
470 | 469 | # self.init_traceback_handlers use to be here, but we moved it below |
|
471 | 470 | # because it and init_io have to come after init_readline. |
|
472 | 471 | self.init_user_ns() |
|
473 | 472 | self.init_logger() |
|
474 | 473 | self.init_alias() |
|
475 | 474 | self.init_builtins() |
|
476 | 475 | |
|
477 | 476 | # The following was in post_config_initialization |
|
478 | 477 | self.init_inspector() |
|
479 | 478 | # init_readline() must come before init_io(), because init_io uses |
|
480 | 479 | # readline related things. |
|
481 | 480 | self.init_readline() |
|
482 | 481 | # We save this here in case user code replaces raw_input, but it needs |
|
483 | 482 | # to be after init_readline(), because PyPy's readline works by replacing |
|
484 | 483 | # raw_input. |
|
485 | 484 | if py3compat.PY3: |
|
486 | 485 | self.raw_input_original = input |
|
487 | 486 | else: |
|
488 | 487 | self.raw_input_original = raw_input |
|
489 | 488 | # init_completer must come after init_readline, because it needs to |
|
490 | 489 | # know whether readline is present or not system-wide to configure the |
|
491 | 490 | # completers, since the completion machinery can now operate |
|
492 | 491 | # independently of readline (e.g. over the network) |
|
493 | 492 | self.init_completer() |
|
494 | 493 | # TODO: init_io() needs to happen before init_traceback handlers |
|
495 | 494 | # because the traceback handlers hardcode the stdout/stderr streams. |
|
496 | 495 | # This logic in in debugger.Pdb and should eventually be changed. |
|
497 | 496 | self.init_io() |
|
498 | 497 | self.init_traceback_handlers(custom_exceptions) |
|
499 | 498 | self.init_prompts() |
|
500 | 499 | self.init_display_formatter() |
|
501 | 500 | self.init_display_pub() |
|
502 | 501 | self.init_data_pub() |
|
503 | 502 | self.init_displayhook() |
|
504 | 503 | self.init_latextool() |
|
505 | 504 | self.init_magics() |
|
506 | 505 | self.init_logstart() |
|
507 | 506 | self.init_pdb() |
|
508 | 507 | self.init_extension_manager() |
|
509 | 508 | self.init_payload() |
|
510 | 509 | self.hooks.late_startup_hook() |
|
511 | 510 | atexit.register(self.atexit_operations) |
|
512 | 511 | |
|
513 | 512 | def get_ipython(self): |
|
514 | 513 | """Return the currently running IPython instance.""" |
|
515 | 514 | return self |
|
516 | 515 | |
|
517 | 516 | #------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
|
518 | 517 | # Trait changed handlers |
|
519 | 518 | #------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
|
520 | 519 | |
|
521 | 520 | def _ipython_dir_changed(self, name, new): |
|
522 | 521 | if not os.path.isdir(new): |
|
523 | 522 | os.makedirs(new, mode = 0o777) |
|
524 | 523 | |
|
525 | 524 | def set_autoindent(self,value=None): |
|
526 | 525 | """Set the autoindent flag, checking for readline support. |
|
527 | 526 | |
|
528 | 527 | If called with no arguments, it acts as a toggle.""" |
|
529 | 528 | |
|
530 | 529 | if value != 0 and not self.has_readline: |
|
531 | 530 | if os.name == 'posix': |
|
532 | 531 | warn("The auto-indent feature requires the readline library") |
|
533 | 532 | self.autoindent = 0 |
|
534 | 533 | return |
|
535 | 534 | if value is None: |
|
536 | 535 | self.autoindent = not self.autoindent |
|
537 | 536 | else: |
|
538 | 537 | self.autoindent = value |
|
539 | 538 | |
|
540 | 539 | #------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
|
541 | 540 | # init_* methods called by __init__ |
|
542 | 541 | #------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
|
543 | 542 | |
|
544 | 543 | def init_ipython_dir(self, ipython_dir): |
|
545 | 544 | if ipython_dir is not None: |
|
546 | 545 | self.ipython_dir = ipython_dir |
|
547 | 546 | return |
|
548 | 547 | |
|
549 | 548 | self.ipython_dir = get_ipython_dir() |
|
550 | 549 | |
|
551 | 550 | def init_profile_dir(self, profile_dir): |
|
552 | 551 | if profile_dir is not None: |
|
553 | 552 | self.profile_dir = profile_dir |
|
554 | 553 | return |
|
555 | 554 | self.profile_dir =\ |
|
556 | 555 | ProfileDir.create_profile_dir_by_name(self.ipython_dir, 'default') |
|
557 | 556 | |
|
558 | 557 | def init_instance_attrs(self): |
|
559 | 558 | self.more = False |
|
560 | 559 | |
|
561 | 560 | # command compiler |
|
562 | 561 | self.compile = CachingCompiler() |
|
563 | 562 | |
|
564 | 563 | # Make an empty namespace, which extension writers can rely on both |
|
565 | 564 | # existing and NEVER being used by ipython itself. This gives them a |
|
566 | 565 | # convenient location for storing additional information and state |
|
567 | 566 | # their extensions may require, without fear of collisions with other |
|
568 | 567 | # ipython names that may develop later. |
|
569 | 568 | self.meta = Struct() |
|
570 | 569 | |
|
571 | 570 | # Temporary files used for various purposes. Deleted at exit. |
|
572 | 571 | self.tempfiles = [] |
|
573 | 572 | |
|
574 | 573 | # Keep track of readline usage (later set by init_readline) |
|
575 | 574 | self.has_readline = False |
|
576 | 575 | |
|
577 | 576 | # keep track of where we started running (mainly for crash post-mortem) |
|
578 | 577 | # This is not being used anywhere currently. |
|
579 | 578 | self.starting_dir = os.getcwdu() |
|
580 | 579 | |
|
581 | 580 | # Indentation management |
|
582 | 581 | self.indent_current_nsp = 0 |
|
583 | 582 | |
|
584 | 583 | # Dict to track post-execution functions that have been registered |
|
585 | 584 | self._post_execute = {} |
|
586 | 585 | |
|
587 | 586 | def init_environment(self): |
|
588 | 587 | """Any changes we need to make to the user's environment.""" |
|
589 | 588 | pass |
|
590 | 589 | |
|
591 | 590 | def init_encoding(self): |
|
592 | 591 | # Get system encoding at startup time. Certain terminals (like Emacs |
|
593 | 592 | # under Win32 have it set to None, and we need to have a known valid |
|
594 | 593 | # encoding to use in the raw_input() method |
|
595 | 594 | try: |
|
596 | 595 | self.stdin_encoding = sys.stdin.encoding or 'ascii' |
|
597 | 596 | except AttributeError: |
|
598 | 597 | self.stdin_encoding = 'ascii' |
|
599 | 598 | |
|
600 | 599 | def init_syntax_highlighting(self): |
|
601 | 600 | # Python source parser/formatter for syntax highlighting |
|
602 | 601 | pyformat = PyColorize.Parser().format |
|
603 | 602 | self.pycolorize = lambda src: pyformat(src,'str',self.colors) |
|
604 | 603 | |
|
605 | 604 | def init_pushd_popd_magic(self): |
|
606 | 605 | # for pushd/popd management |
|
607 | 606 | self.home_dir = get_home_dir() |
|
608 | 607 | |
|
609 | 608 | self.dir_stack = [] |
|
610 | 609 | |
|
611 | 610 | def init_logger(self): |
|
612 | 611 | self.logger = Logger(self.home_dir, logfname='ipython_log.py', |
|
613 | 612 | logmode='rotate') |
|
614 | 613 | |
|
615 | 614 | def init_logstart(self): |
|
616 | 615 | """Initialize logging in case it was requested at the command line. |
|
617 | 616 | """ |
|
618 | 617 | if self.logappend: |
|
619 | 618 | self.magic('logstart %s append' % self.logappend) |
|
620 | 619 | elif self.logfile: |
|
621 | 620 | self.magic('logstart %s' % self.logfile) |
|
622 | 621 | elif self.logstart: |
|
623 | 622 | self.magic('logstart') |
|
624 | 623 | |
|
625 | 624 | def init_builtins(self): |
|
626 | 625 | # A single, static flag that we set to True. Its presence indicates |
|
627 | 626 | # that an IPython shell has been created, and we make no attempts at |
|
628 | 627 | # removing on exit or representing the existence of more than one |
|
629 | 628 | # IPython at a time. |
|
630 | 629 | builtin_mod.__dict__['__IPYTHON__'] = True |
|
631 | 630 | |
|
632 | 631 | # In 0.11 we introduced '__IPYTHON__active' as an integer we'd try to |
|
633 | 632 | # manage on enter/exit, but with all our shells it's virtually |
|
634 | 633 | # impossible to get all the cases right. We're leaving the name in for |
|
635 | 634 | # those who adapted their codes to check for this flag, but will |
|
636 | 635 | # eventually remove it after a few more releases. |
|
637 | 636 | builtin_mod.__dict__['__IPYTHON__active'] = \ |
|
638 | 637 | 'Deprecated, check for __IPYTHON__' |
|
639 | 638 | |
|
640 | 639 | self.builtin_trap = BuiltinTrap(shell=self) |
|
641 | 640 | |
|
642 | 641 | def init_inspector(self): |
|
643 | 642 | # Object inspector |
|
644 | 643 | self.inspector = oinspect.Inspector(oinspect.InspectColors, |
|
645 | 644 | PyColorize.ANSICodeColors, |
|
646 | 645 | 'NoColor', |
|
647 | 646 | self.object_info_string_level) |
|
648 | 647 | |
|
649 | 648 | def init_io(self): |
|
650 | 649 | # This will just use sys.stdout and sys.stderr. If you want to |
|
651 | 650 | # override sys.stdout and sys.stderr themselves, you need to do that |
|
652 | 651 | # *before* instantiating this class, because io holds onto |
|
653 | 652 | # references to the underlying streams. |
|
654 | 653 | if (sys.platform == 'win32' or sys.platform == 'cli') and self.has_readline: |
|
655 | 654 | io.stdout = io.stderr = io.IOStream(self.readline._outputfile) |
|
656 | 655 | else: |
|
657 | 656 | io.stdout = io.IOStream(sys.stdout) |
|
658 | 657 | io.stderr = io.IOStream(sys.stderr) |
|
659 | 658 | |
|
660 | 659 | def init_prompts(self): |
|
661 | 660 | self.prompt_manager = PromptManager(shell=self, parent=self) |
|
662 | 661 | self.configurables.append(self.prompt_manager) |
|
663 | 662 | # Set system prompts, so that scripts can decide if they are running |
|
664 | 663 | # interactively. |
|
665 | 664 | sys.ps1 = 'In : ' |
|
666 | 665 | sys.ps2 = '...: ' |
|
667 | 666 | sys.ps3 = 'Out: ' |
|
668 | 667 | |
|
669 | 668 | def init_display_formatter(self): |
|
670 | 669 | self.display_formatter = DisplayFormatter(parent=self) |
|
671 | 670 | self.configurables.append(self.display_formatter) |
|
672 | 671 | |
|
673 | 672 | def init_display_pub(self): |
|
674 | 673 | self.display_pub = self.display_pub_class(parent=self) |
|
675 | 674 | self.configurables.append(self.display_pub) |
|
676 | 675 | |
|
677 | 676 | def init_data_pub(self): |
|
678 | 677 | if not self.data_pub_class: |
|
679 | 678 | self.data_pub = None |
|
680 | 679 | return |
|
681 | 680 | self.data_pub = self.data_pub_class(parent=self) |
|
682 | 681 | self.configurables.append(self.data_pub) |
|
683 | 682 | |
|
684 | 683 | def init_displayhook(self): |
|
685 | 684 | # Initialize displayhook, set in/out prompts and printing system |
|
686 | 685 | self.displayhook = self.displayhook_class( |
|
687 | 686 | parent=self, |
|
688 | 687 | shell=self, |
|
689 | 688 | cache_size=self.cache_size, |
|
690 | 689 | ) |
|
691 | 690 | self.configurables.append(self.displayhook) |
|
692 | 691 | # This is a context manager that installs/revmoes the displayhook at |
|
693 | 692 | # the appropriate time. |
|
694 | 693 | self.display_trap = DisplayTrap(hook=self.displayhook) |
|
695 | 694 | |
|
696 | 695 | def init_latextool(self): |
|
697 | 696 | """Configure LaTeXTool.""" |
|
698 | 697 | cfg = LaTeXTool.instance(parent=self) |
|
699 | 698 | if cfg not in self.configurables: |
|
700 | 699 | self.configurables.append(cfg) |
|
701 | 700 | |
|
702 | 701 | def init_virtualenv(self): |
|
703 | 702 | """Add a virtualenv to sys.path so the user can import modules from it. |
|
704 | 703 | This isn't perfect: it doesn't use the Python interpreter with which the |
|
705 | 704 | virtualenv was built, and it ignores the --no-site-packages option. A |
|
706 | 705 | warning will appear suggesting the user installs IPython in the |
|
707 | 706 | virtualenv, but for many cases, it probably works well enough. |
|
708 | 707 | |
|
709 | 708 | Adapted from code snippets online. |
|
710 | 709 | |
|
711 | 710 | http://blog.ufsoft.org/2009/1/29/ipython-and-virtualenv |
|
712 | 711 | """ |
|
713 | 712 | if 'VIRTUAL_ENV' not in os.environ: |
|
714 | 713 | # Not in a virtualenv |
|
715 | 714 | return |
|
716 | 715 | |
|
717 | 716 | if sys.executable.startswith(os.environ['VIRTUAL_ENV']): |
|
718 | 717 | # Running properly in the virtualenv, don't need to do anything |
|
719 | 718 | return |
|
720 | 719 | |
|
721 | 720 | warn("Attempting to work in a virtualenv. If you encounter problems, please " |
|
722 | 721 | "install IPython inside the virtualenv.") |
|
723 | 722 | if sys.platform == "win32": |
|
724 | 723 | virtual_env = os.path.join(os.environ['VIRTUAL_ENV'], 'Lib', 'site-packages') |
|
725 | 724 | else: |
|
726 | 725 | virtual_env = os.path.join(os.environ['VIRTUAL_ENV'], 'lib', |
|
727 | 726 | 'python%d.%d' % sys.version_info[:2], 'site-packages') |
|
728 | 727 | |
|
729 | 728 | import site |
|
730 | 729 | sys.path.insert(0, virtual_env) |
|
731 | 730 | site.addsitedir(virtual_env) |
|
732 | 731 | |
|
733 | 732 | #------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
|
734 | 733 | # Things related to injections into the sys module |
|
735 | 734 | #------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
|
736 | 735 | |
|
737 | 736 | def save_sys_module_state(self): |
|
738 | 737 | """Save the state of hooks in the sys module. |
|
739 | 738 | |
|
740 | 739 | This has to be called after self.user_module is created. |
|
741 | 740 | """ |
|
742 | 741 | self._orig_sys_module_state = {} |
|
743 | 742 | self._orig_sys_module_state['stdin'] = sys.stdin |
|
744 | 743 | self._orig_sys_module_state['stdout'] = sys.stdout |
|
745 | 744 | self._orig_sys_module_state['stderr'] = sys.stderr |
|
746 | 745 | self._orig_sys_module_state['excepthook'] = sys.excepthook |
|
747 | 746 | self._orig_sys_modules_main_name = self.user_module.__name__ |
|
748 | 747 | self._orig_sys_modules_main_mod = sys.modules.get(self.user_module.__name__) |
|
749 | 748 | |
|
750 | 749 | def restore_sys_module_state(self): |
|
751 | 750 | """Restore the state of the sys module.""" |
|
752 | 751 | try: |
|
753 | 752 | for k, v in self._orig_sys_module_state.iteritems(): |
|
754 | 753 | setattr(sys, k, v) |
|
755 | 754 | except AttributeError: |
|
756 | 755 | pass |
|
757 | 756 | # Reset what what done in self.init_sys_modules |
|
758 | 757 | if self._orig_sys_modules_main_mod is not None: |
|
759 | 758 | sys.modules[self._orig_sys_modules_main_name] = self._orig_sys_modules_main_mod |
|
760 | 759 | |
|
761 | 760 | #------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
|
762 | 761 | # Things related to hooks |
|
763 | 762 | #------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
|
764 | 763 | |
|
765 | 764 | def init_hooks(self): |
|
766 | 765 | # hooks holds pointers used for user-side customizations |
|
767 | 766 | self.hooks = Struct() |
|
768 | 767 | |
|
769 | 768 | self.strdispatchers = {} |
|
770 | 769 | |
|
771 | 770 | # Set all default hooks, defined in the IPython.hooks module. |
|
772 | 771 | hooks = IPython.core.hooks |
|
773 | 772 | for hook_name in hooks.__all__: |
|
774 | 773 | # default hooks have priority 100, i.e. low; user hooks should have |
|
775 | 774 | # 0-100 priority |
|
776 | 775 | self.set_hook(hook_name,getattr(hooks,hook_name), 100) |
|
777 | 776 | |
|
778 | 777 | def set_hook(self,name,hook, priority = 50, str_key = None, re_key = None): |
|
779 | 778 | """set_hook(name,hook) -> sets an internal IPython hook. |
|
780 | 779 | |
|
781 | 780 | IPython exposes some of its internal API as user-modifiable hooks. By |
|
782 | 781 | adding your function to one of these hooks, you can modify IPython's |
|
783 | 782 | behavior to call at runtime your own routines.""" |
|
784 | 783 | |
|
785 | 784 | # At some point in the future, this should validate the hook before it |
|
786 | 785 | # accepts it. Probably at least check that the hook takes the number |
|
787 | 786 | # of args it's supposed to. |
|
788 | 787 | |
|
789 | 788 | f = types.MethodType(hook,self) |
|
790 | 789 | |
|
791 | 790 | # check if the hook is for strdispatcher first |
|
792 | 791 | if str_key is not None: |
|
793 | 792 | sdp = self.strdispatchers.get(name, StrDispatch()) |
|
794 | 793 | sdp.add_s(str_key, f, priority ) |
|
795 | 794 | self.strdispatchers[name] = sdp |
|
796 | 795 | return |
|
797 | 796 | if re_key is not None: |
|
798 | 797 | sdp = self.strdispatchers.get(name, StrDispatch()) |
|
799 | 798 | sdp.add_re(re.compile(re_key), f, priority ) |
|
800 | 799 | self.strdispatchers[name] = sdp |
|
801 | 800 | return |
|
802 | 801 | |
|
803 | 802 | dp = getattr(self.hooks, name, None) |
|
804 | 803 | if name not in IPython.core.hooks.__all__: |
|
805 | 804 | print("Warning! Hook '%s' is not one of %s" % \ |
|
806 | 805 | (name, IPython.core.hooks.__all__ )) |
|
807 | 806 | if not dp: |
|
808 | 807 | dp = IPython.core.hooks.CommandChainDispatcher() |
|
809 | 808 | |
|
810 | 809 | try: |
|
811 | 810 | dp.add(f,priority) |
|
812 | 811 | except AttributeError: |
|
813 | 812 | # it was not commandchain, plain old func - replace |
|
814 | 813 | dp = f |
|
815 | 814 | |
|
816 | 815 | setattr(self.hooks,name, dp) |
|
817 | 816 | |
|
818 | 817 | def register_post_execute(self, func): |
|
819 | 818 | """Register a function for calling after code execution. |
|
820 | 819 | """ |
|
821 | 820 | if not callable(func): |
|
822 | 821 | raise ValueError('argument %s must be callable' % func) |
|
823 | 822 | self._post_execute[func] = True |
|
824 | 823 | |
|
825 | 824 | #------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
|
826 | 825 | # Things related to the "main" module |
|
827 | 826 | #------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
|
828 | 827 | |
|
829 | def new_main_mod(self, filename): | |
|
828 | def new_main_mod(self, filename, modname): | |
|
830 | 829 | """Return a new 'main' module object for user code execution. |
|
831 | 830 | |
|
832 | 831 | ``filename`` should be the path of the script which will be run in the |
|
833 | 832 | module. Requests with the same filename will get the same module, with |
|
834 | 833 | its namespace cleared. |
|
835 | 834 | |
|
835 | ``modname`` should be the module name - normally either '__main__' or | |
|
836 | the basename of the file without the extension. | |
|
837 | ||
|
836 | 838 | When scripts are executed via %run, we must keep a reference to their |
|
837 |
__main__ module |
|
|
839 | __main__ module around so that Python doesn't | |
|
838 | 840 | clear it, rendering references to module globals useless. |
|
839 | 841 | |
|
840 | 842 | This method keeps said reference in a private dict, keyed by the |
|
841 | 843 | absolute path of the script. This way, for multiple executions of the |
|
842 | 844 | same script we only keep one copy of the namespace (the last one), |
|
843 | 845 | thus preventing memory leaks from old references while allowing the |
|
844 | 846 | objects from the last execution to be accessible. |
|
845 | 847 | """ |
|
846 | 848 | filename = os.path.abspath(filename) |
|
847 | 849 | try: |
|
848 | 850 | main_mod = self._main_mod_cache[filename] |
|
849 | 851 | except KeyError: |
|
850 |
main_mod = self._main_mod_cache[filename] = |
|
|
852 | main_mod = self._main_mod_cache[filename] = types.ModuleType(modname, | |
|
853 | doc="Module created for script run in IPython") | |
|
851 | 854 | else: |
|
852 | init_fakemod_dict(main_mod) | |
|
855 | main_mod.__dict__.clear() | |
|
856 | main_mod.__name__ = modname | |
|
857 | ||
|
858 | main_mod.__file__ = filename | |
|
859 | # It seems pydoc (and perhaps others) needs any module instance to | |
|
860 | # implement a __nonzero__ method | |
|
861 | main_mod.__nonzero__ = lambda : True | |
|
853 | 862 | |
|
854 | 863 | return main_mod |
|
855 | 864 | |
|
856 | 865 | def clear_main_mod_cache(self): |
|
857 | 866 | """Clear the cache of main modules. |
|
858 | 867 | |
|
859 | 868 | Mainly for use by utilities like %reset. |
|
860 | 869 | |
|
861 | 870 | Examples |
|
862 | 871 | -------- |
|
863 | 872 | |
|
864 | 873 | In [15]: import IPython |
|
865 | 874 | |
|
866 | In [16]: m = _ip.new_main_mod(IPython.__file__) | |
|
875 | In [16]: m = _ip.new_main_mod(IPython.__file__, 'IPython') | |
|
867 | 876 | |
|
868 | 877 | In [17]: len(_ip._main_mod_cache) > 0 |
|
869 | 878 | Out[17]: True |
|
870 | 879 | |
|
871 | 880 | In [18]: _ip.clear_main_mod_cache() |
|
872 | 881 | |
|
873 | 882 | In [19]: len(_ip._main_mod_cache) == 0 |
|
874 | 883 | Out[19]: True |
|
875 | 884 | """ |
|
876 | 885 | self._main_mod_cache.clear() |
|
877 | 886 | |
|
878 | 887 | #------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
|
879 | 888 | # Things related to debugging |
|
880 | 889 | #------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
|
881 | 890 | |
|
882 | 891 | def init_pdb(self): |
|
883 | 892 | # Set calling of pdb on exceptions |
|
884 | 893 | # self.call_pdb is a property |
|
885 | 894 | self.call_pdb = self.pdb |
|
886 | 895 | |
|
887 | 896 | def _get_call_pdb(self): |
|
888 | 897 | return self._call_pdb |
|
889 | 898 | |
|
890 | 899 | def _set_call_pdb(self,val): |
|
891 | 900 | |
|
892 | 901 | if val not in (0,1,False,True): |
|
893 | 902 | raise ValueError('new call_pdb value must be boolean') |
|
894 | 903 | |
|
895 | 904 | # store value in instance |
|
896 | 905 | self._call_pdb = val |
|
897 | 906 | |
|
898 | 907 | # notify the actual exception handlers |
|
899 | 908 | self.InteractiveTB.call_pdb = val |
|
900 | 909 | |
|
901 | 910 | call_pdb = property(_get_call_pdb,_set_call_pdb,None, |
|
902 | 911 | 'Control auto-activation of pdb at exceptions') |
|
903 | 912 | |
|
904 | 913 | def debugger(self,force=False): |
|
905 | 914 | """Call the pydb/pdb debugger. |
|
906 | 915 | |
|
907 | 916 | Keywords: |
|
908 | 917 | |
|
909 | 918 | - force(False): by default, this routine checks the instance call_pdb |
|
910 | 919 | flag and does not actually invoke the debugger if the flag is false. |
|
911 | 920 | The 'force' option forces the debugger to activate even if the flag |
|
912 | 921 | is false. |
|
913 | 922 | """ |
|
914 | 923 | |
|
915 | 924 | if not (force or self.call_pdb): |
|
916 | 925 | return |
|
917 | 926 | |
|
918 | 927 | if not hasattr(sys,'last_traceback'): |
|
919 | 928 | error('No traceback has been produced, nothing to debug.') |
|
920 | 929 | return |
|
921 | 930 | |
|
922 | 931 | # use pydb if available |
|
923 | 932 | if debugger.has_pydb: |
|
924 | 933 | from pydb import pm |
|
925 | 934 | else: |
|
926 | 935 | # fallback to our internal debugger |
|
927 | 936 | pm = lambda : self.InteractiveTB.debugger(force=True) |
|
928 | 937 | |
|
929 | 938 | with self.readline_no_record: |
|
930 | 939 | pm() |
|
931 | 940 | |
|
932 | 941 | #------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
|
933 | 942 | # Things related to IPython's various namespaces |
|
934 | 943 | #------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
|
935 | 944 | default_user_namespaces = True |
|
936 | 945 | |
|
937 | 946 | def init_create_namespaces(self, user_module=None, user_ns=None): |
|
938 | 947 | # Create the namespace where the user will operate. user_ns is |
|
939 | 948 | # normally the only one used, and it is passed to the exec calls as |
|
940 | 949 | # the locals argument. But we do carry a user_global_ns namespace |
|
941 | 950 | # given as the exec 'globals' argument, This is useful in embedding |
|
942 | 951 | # situations where the ipython shell opens in a context where the |
|
943 | 952 | # distinction between locals and globals is meaningful. For |
|
944 | 953 | # non-embedded contexts, it is just the same object as the user_ns dict. |
|
945 | 954 | |
|
946 | 955 | # FIXME. For some strange reason, __builtins__ is showing up at user |
|
947 | 956 | # level as a dict instead of a module. This is a manual fix, but I |
|
948 | 957 | # should really track down where the problem is coming from. Alex |
|
949 | 958 | # Schmolck reported this problem first. |
|
950 | 959 | |
|
951 | 960 | # A useful post by Alex Martelli on this topic: |
|
952 | 961 | # Re: inconsistent value from __builtins__ |
|
953 | 962 | # Von: Alex Martelli <aleaxit@yahoo.com> |
|
954 | 963 | # Datum: Freitag 01 Oktober 2004 04:45:34 nachmittags/abends |
|
955 | 964 | # Gruppen: comp.lang.python |
|
956 | 965 | |
|
957 | 966 | # Michael Hohn <hohn@hooknose.lbl.gov> wrote: |
|
958 | 967 | # > >>> print type(builtin_check.get_global_binding('__builtins__')) |
|
959 | 968 | # > <type 'dict'> |
|
960 | 969 | # > >>> print type(__builtins__) |
|
961 | 970 | # > <type 'module'> |
|
962 | 971 | # > Is this difference in return value intentional? |
|
963 | 972 | |
|
964 | 973 | # Well, it's documented that '__builtins__' can be either a dictionary |
|
965 | 974 | # or a module, and it's been that way for a long time. Whether it's |
|
966 | 975 | # intentional (or sensible), I don't know. In any case, the idea is |
|
967 | 976 | # that if you need to access the built-in namespace directly, you |
|
968 | 977 | # should start with "import __builtin__" (note, no 's') which will |
|
969 | 978 | # definitely give you a module. Yeah, it's somewhat confusing:-(. |
|
970 | 979 | |
|
971 | 980 | # These routines return a properly built module and dict as needed by |
|
972 | 981 | # the rest of the code, and can also be used by extension writers to |
|
973 | 982 | # generate properly initialized namespaces. |
|
974 | 983 | if (user_ns is not None) or (user_module is not None): |
|
975 | 984 | self.default_user_namespaces = False |
|
976 | 985 | self.user_module, self.user_ns = self.prepare_user_module(user_module, user_ns) |
|
977 | 986 | |
|
978 | 987 | # A record of hidden variables we have added to the user namespace, so |
|
979 | 988 | # we can list later only variables defined in actual interactive use. |
|
980 | 989 | self.user_ns_hidden = {} |
|
981 | 990 | |
|
982 | 991 | # Now that FakeModule produces a real module, we've run into a nasty |
|
983 | 992 | # problem: after script execution (via %run), the module where the user |
|
984 | 993 | # code ran is deleted. Now that this object is a true module (needed |
|
985 | 994 | # so docetst and other tools work correctly), the Python module |
|
986 | 995 | # teardown mechanism runs over it, and sets to None every variable |
|
987 | 996 | # present in that module. Top-level references to objects from the |
|
988 | 997 | # script survive, because the user_ns is updated with them. However, |
|
989 | 998 | # calling functions defined in the script that use other things from |
|
990 | 999 | # the script will fail, because the function's closure had references |
|
991 | 1000 | # to the original objects, which are now all None. So we must protect |
|
992 | 1001 | # these modules from deletion by keeping a cache. |
|
993 | 1002 | # |
|
994 | 1003 | # To avoid keeping stale modules around (we only need the one from the |
|
995 | 1004 | # last run), we use a dict keyed with the full path to the script, so |
|
996 | 1005 | # only the last version of the module is held in the cache. Note, |
|
997 | 1006 | # however, that we must cache the module *namespace contents* (their |
|
998 | 1007 | # __dict__). Because if we try to cache the actual modules, old ones |
|
999 | 1008 | # (uncached) could be destroyed while still holding references (such as |
|
1000 | 1009 | # those held by GUI objects that tend to be long-lived)> |
|
1001 | 1010 | # |
|
1002 | 1011 | # The %reset command will flush this cache. See the cache_main_mod() |
|
1003 | 1012 | # and clear_main_mod_cache() methods for details on use. |
|
1004 | 1013 | |
|
1005 | 1014 | # This is the cache used for 'main' namespaces |
|
1006 | 1015 | self._main_mod_cache = {} |
|
1007 | 1016 | |
|
1008 | 1017 | # A table holding all the namespaces IPython deals with, so that |
|
1009 | 1018 | # introspection facilities can search easily. |
|
1010 | 1019 | self.ns_table = {'user_global':self.user_module.__dict__, |
|
1011 | 1020 | 'user_local':self.user_ns, |
|
1012 | 1021 | 'builtin':builtin_mod.__dict__ |
|
1013 | 1022 | } |
|
1014 | 1023 | |
|
1015 | 1024 | @property |
|
1016 | 1025 | def user_global_ns(self): |
|
1017 | 1026 | return self.user_module.__dict__ |
|
1018 | 1027 | |
|
1019 | 1028 | def prepare_user_module(self, user_module=None, user_ns=None): |
|
1020 | 1029 | """Prepare the module and namespace in which user code will be run. |
|
1021 | 1030 | |
|
1022 | 1031 | When IPython is started normally, both parameters are None: a new module |
|
1023 | 1032 | is created automatically, and its __dict__ used as the namespace. |
|
1024 | 1033 | |
|
1025 | 1034 | If only user_module is provided, its __dict__ is used as the namespace. |
|
1026 | 1035 | If only user_ns is provided, a dummy module is created, and user_ns |
|
1027 | 1036 | becomes the global namespace. If both are provided (as they may be |
|
1028 | 1037 | when embedding), user_ns is the local namespace, and user_module |
|
1029 | 1038 | provides the global namespace. |
|
1030 | 1039 | |
|
1031 | 1040 | Parameters |
|
1032 | 1041 | ---------- |
|
1033 | 1042 | user_module : module, optional |
|
1034 | 1043 | The current user module in which IPython is being run. If None, |
|
1035 | 1044 | a clean module will be created. |
|
1036 | 1045 | user_ns : dict, optional |
|
1037 | 1046 | A namespace in which to run interactive commands. |
|
1038 | 1047 | |
|
1039 | 1048 | Returns |
|
1040 | 1049 | ------- |
|
1041 | 1050 | A tuple of user_module and user_ns, each properly initialised. |
|
1042 | 1051 | """ |
|
1043 | 1052 | if user_module is None and user_ns is not None: |
|
1044 | 1053 | user_ns.setdefault("__name__", "__main__") |
|
1045 | 1054 | user_module = DummyMod() |
|
1046 | 1055 | user_module.__dict__ = user_ns |
|
1047 | 1056 | |
|
1048 | 1057 | if user_module is None: |
|
1049 | 1058 | user_module = types.ModuleType("__main__", |
|
1050 | 1059 | doc="Automatically created module for IPython interactive environment") |
|
1051 | 1060 | |
|
1052 | 1061 | # We must ensure that __builtin__ (without the final 's') is always |
|
1053 | 1062 | # available and pointing to the __builtin__ *module*. For more details: |
|
1054 | 1063 | # http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-dev/2001-April/014068.html |
|
1055 | 1064 | user_module.__dict__.setdefault('__builtin__', builtin_mod) |
|
1056 | 1065 | user_module.__dict__.setdefault('__builtins__', builtin_mod) |
|
1057 | 1066 | |
|
1058 | 1067 | if user_ns is None: |
|
1059 | 1068 | user_ns = user_module.__dict__ |
|
1060 | 1069 | |
|
1061 | 1070 | return user_module, user_ns |
|
1062 | 1071 | |
|
1063 | 1072 | def init_sys_modules(self): |
|
1064 | 1073 | # We need to insert into sys.modules something that looks like a |
|
1065 | 1074 | # module but which accesses the IPython namespace, for shelve and |
|
1066 | 1075 | # pickle to work interactively. Normally they rely on getting |
|
1067 | 1076 | # everything out of __main__, but for embedding purposes each IPython |
|
1068 | 1077 | # instance has its own private namespace, so we can't go shoving |
|
1069 | 1078 | # everything into __main__. |
|
1070 | 1079 | |
|
1071 | 1080 | # note, however, that we should only do this for non-embedded |
|
1072 | 1081 | # ipythons, which really mimic the __main__.__dict__ with their own |
|
1073 | 1082 | # namespace. Embedded instances, on the other hand, should not do |
|
1074 | 1083 | # this because they need to manage the user local/global namespaces |
|
1075 | 1084 | # only, but they live within a 'normal' __main__ (meaning, they |
|
1076 | 1085 | # shouldn't overtake the execution environment of the script they're |
|
1077 | 1086 | # embedded in). |
|
1078 | 1087 | |
|
1079 | 1088 | # This is overridden in the InteractiveShellEmbed subclass to a no-op. |
|
1080 | 1089 | main_name = self.user_module.__name__ |
|
1081 | 1090 | sys.modules[main_name] = self.user_module |
|
1082 | 1091 | |
|
1083 | 1092 | def init_user_ns(self): |
|
1084 | 1093 | """Initialize all user-visible namespaces to their minimum defaults. |
|
1085 | 1094 | |
|
1086 | 1095 | Certain history lists are also initialized here, as they effectively |
|
1087 | 1096 | act as user namespaces. |
|
1088 | 1097 | |
|
1089 | 1098 | Notes |
|
1090 | 1099 | ----- |
|
1091 | 1100 | All data structures here are only filled in, they are NOT reset by this |
|
1092 | 1101 | method. If they were not empty before, data will simply be added to |
|
1093 | 1102 | therm. |
|
1094 | 1103 | """ |
|
1095 | 1104 | # This function works in two parts: first we put a few things in |
|
1096 | 1105 | # user_ns, and we sync that contents into user_ns_hidden so that these |
|
1097 | 1106 | # initial variables aren't shown by %who. After the sync, we add the |
|
1098 | 1107 | # rest of what we *do* want the user to see with %who even on a new |
|
1099 | 1108 | # session (probably nothing, so theye really only see their own stuff) |
|
1100 | 1109 | |
|
1101 | 1110 | # The user dict must *always* have a __builtin__ reference to the |
|
1102 | 1111 | # Python standard __builtin__ namespace, which must be imported. |
|
1103 | 1112 | # This is so that certain operations in prompt evaluation can be |
|
1104 | 1113 | # reliably executed with builtins. Note that we can NOT use |
|
1105 | 1114 | # __builtins__ (note the 's'), because that can either be a dict or a |
|
1106 | 1115 | # module, and can even mutate at runtime, depending on the context |
|
1107 | 1116 | # (Python makes no guarantees on it). In contrast, __builtin__ is |
|
1108 | 1117 | # always a module object, though it must be explicitly imported. |
|
1109 | 1118 | |
|
1110 | 1119 | # For more details: |
|
1111 | 1120 | # http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-dev/2001-April/014068.html |
|
1112 | 1121 | ns = dict() |
|
1113 | 1122 | |
|
1114 | 1123 | # Put 'help' in the user namespace |
|
1115 | 1124 | try: |
|
1116 | 1125 | from site import _Helper |
|
1117 | 1126 | ns['help'] = _Helper() |
|
1118 | 1127 | except ImportError: |
|
1119 | 1128 | warn('help() not available - check site.py') |
|
1120 | 1129 | |
|
1121 | 1130 | # make global variables for user access to the histories |
|
1122 | 1131 | ns['_ih'] = self.history_manager.input_hist_parsed |
|
1123 | 1132 | ns['_oh'] = self.history_manager.output_hist |
|
1124 | 1133 | ns['_dh'] = self.history_manager.dir_hist |
|
1125 | 1134 | |
|
1126 | 1135 | ns['_sh'] = shadowns |
|
1127 | 1136 | |
|
1128 | 1137 | # user aliases to input and output histories. These shouldn't show up |
|
1129 | 1138 | # in %who, as they can have very large reprs. |
|
1130 | 1139 | ns['In'] = self.history_manager.input_hist_parsed |
|
1131 | 1140 | ns['Out'] = self.history_manager.output_hist |
|
1132 | 1141 | |
|
1133 | 1142 | # Store myself as the public api!!! |
|
1134 | 1143 | ns['get_ipython'] = self.get_ipython |
|
1135 | 1144 | |
|
1136 | 1145 | ns['exit'] = self.exiter |
|
1137 | 1146 | ns['quit'] = self.exiter |
|
1138 | 1147 | |
|
1139 | 1148 | # Sync what we've added so far to user_ns_hidden so these aren't seen |
|
1140 | 1149 | # by %who |
|
1141 | 1150 | self.user_ns_hidden.update(ns) |
|
1142 | 1151 | |
|
1143 | 1152 | # Anything put into ns now would show up in %who. Think twice before |
|
1144 | 1153 | # putting anything here, as we really want %who to show the user their |
|
1145 | 1154 | # stuff, not our variables. |
|
1146 | 1155 | |
|
1147 | 1156 | # Finally, update the real user's namespace |
|
1148 | 1157 | self.user_ns.update(ns) |
|
1149 | 1158 | |
|
1150 | 1159 | @property |
|
1151 | 1160 | def all_ns_refs(self): |
|
1152 | 1161 | """Get a list of references to all the namespace dictionaries in which |
|
1153 | 1162 | IPython might store a user-created object. |
|
1154 | 1163 | |
|
1155 | 1164 | Note that this does not include the displayhook, which also caches |
|
1156 | 1165 | objects from the output.""" |
|
1157 | 1166 | return [self.user_ns, self.user_global_ns, self.user_ns_hidden] + \ |
|
1158 | 1167 | [m.__dict__ for m in self._main_mod_cache.values()] |
|
1159 | 1168 | |
|
1160 | 1169 | def reset(self, new_session=True): |
|
1161 | 1170 | """Clear all internal namespaces, and attempt to release references to |
|
1162 | 1171 | user objects. |
|
1163 | 1172 | |
|
1164 | 1173 | If new_session is True, a new history session will be opened. |
|
1165 | 1174 | """ |
|
1166 | 1175 | # Clear histories |
|
1167 | 1176 | self.history_manager.reset(new_session) |
|
1168 | 1177 | # Reset counter used to index all histories |
|
1169 | 1178 | if new_session: |
|
1170 | 1179 | self.execution_count = 1 |
|
1171 | 1180 | |
|
1172 | 1181 | # Flush cached output items |
|
1173 | 1182 | if self.displayhook.do_full_cache: |
|
1174 | 1183 | self.displayhook.flush() |
|
1175 | 1184 | |
|
1176 | 1185 | # The main execution namespaces must be cleared very carefully, |
|
1177 | 1186 | # skipping the deletion of the builtin-related keys, because doing so |
|
1178 | 1187 | # would cause errors in many object's __del__ methods. |
|
1179 | 1188 | if self.user_ns is not self.user_global_ns: |
|
1180 | 1189 | self.user_ns.clear() |
|
1181 | 1190 | ns = self.user_global_ns |
|
1182 | 1191 | drop_keys = set(ns.keys()) |
|
1183 | 1192 | drop_keys.discard('__builtin__') |
|
1184 | 1193 | drop_keys.discard('__builtins__') |
|
1185 | 1194 | drop_keys.discard('__name__') |
|
1186 | 1195 | for k in drop_keys: |
|
1187 | 1196 | del ns[k] |
|
1188 | 1197 | |
|
1189 | 1198 | self.user_ns_hidden.clear() |
|
1190 | 1199 | |
|
1191 | 1200 | # Restore the user namespaces to minimal usability |
|
1192 | 1201 | self.init_user_ns() |
|
1193 | 1202 | |
|
1194 | 1203 | # Restore the default and user aliases |
|
1195 | 1204 | self.alias_manager.clear_aliases() |
|
1196 | 1205 | self.alias_manager.init_aliases() |
|
1197 | 1206 | |
|
1198 | 1207 | # Flush the private list of module references kept for script |
|
1199 | 1208 | # execution protection |
|
1200 | 1209 | self.clear_main_mod_cache() |
|
1201 | 1210 | |
|
1202 | 1211 | def del_var(self, varname, by_name=False): |
|
1203 | 1212 | """Delete a variable from the various namespaces, so that, as |
|
1204 | 1213 | far as possible, we're not keeping any hidden references to it. |
|
1205 | 1214 | |
|
1206 | 1215 | Parameters |
|
1207 | 1216 | ---------- |
|
1208 | 1217 | varname : str |
|
1209 | 1218 | The name of the variable to delete. |
|
1210 | 1219 | by_name : bool |
|
1211 | 1220 | If True, delete variables with the given name in each |
|
1212 | 1221 | namespace. If False (default), find the variable in the user |
|
1213 | 1222 | namespace, and delete references to it. |
|
1214 | 1223 | """ |
|
1215 | 1224 | if varname in ('__builtin__', '__builtins__'): |
|
1216 | 1225 | raise ValueError("Refusing to delete %s" % varname) |
|
1217 | 1226 | |
|
1218 | 1227 | ns_refs = self.all_ns_refs |
|
1219 | 1228 | |
|
1220 | 1229 | if by_name: # Delete by name |
|
1221 | 1230 | for ns in ns_refs: |
|
1222 | 1231 | try: |
|
1223 | 1232 | del ns[varname] |
|
1224 | 1233 | except KeyError: |
|
1225 | 1234 | pass |
|
1226 | 1235 | else: # Delete by object |
|
1227 | 1236 | try: |
|
1228 | 1237 | obj = self.user_ns[varname] |
|
1229 | 1238 | except KeyError: |
|
1230 | 1239 | raise NameError("name '%s' is not defined" % varname) |
|
1231 | 1240 | # Also check in output history |
|
1232 | 1241 | ns_refs.append(self.history_manager.output_hist) |
|
1233 | 1242 | for ns in ns_refs: |
|
1234 | 1243 | to_delete = [n for n, o in ns.iteritems() if o is obj] |
|
1235 | 1244 | for name in to_delete: |
|
1236 | 1245 | del ns[name] |
|
1237 | 1246 | |
|
1238 | 1247 | # displayhook keeps extra references, but not in a dictionary |
|
1239 | 1248 | for name in ('_', '__', '___'): |
|
1240 | 1249 | if getattr(self.displayhook, name) is obj: |
|
1241 | 1250 | setattr(self.displayhook, name, None) |
|
1242 | 1251 | |
|
1243 | 1252 | def reset_selective(self, regex=None): |
|
1244 | 1253 | """Clear selective variables from internal namespaces based on a |
|
1245 | 1254 | specified regular expression. |
|
1246 | 1255 | |
|
1247 | 1256 | Parameters |
|
1248 | 1257 | ---------- |
|
1249 | 1258 | regex : string or compiled pattern, optional |
|
1250 | 1259 | A regular expression pattern that will be used in searching |
|
1251 | 1260 | variable names in the users namespaces. |
|
1252 | 1261 | """ |
|
1253 | 1262 | if regex is not None: |
|
1254 | 1263 | try: |
|
1255 | 1264 | m = re.compile(regex) |
|
1256 | 1265 | except TypeError: |
|
1257 | 1266 | raise TypeError('regex must be a string or compiled pattern') |
|
1258 | 1267 | # Search for keys in each namespace that match the given regex |
|
1259 | 1268 | # If a match is found, delete the key/value pair. |
|
1260 | 1269 | for ns in self.all_ns_refs: |
|
1261 | 1270 | for var in ns: |
|
1262 | 1271 | if m.search(var): |
|
1263 | 1272 | del ns[var] |
|
1264 | 1273 | |
|
1265 | 1274 | def push(self, variables, interactive=True): |
|
1266 | 1275 | """Inject a group of variables into the IPython user namespace. |
|
1267 | 1276 | |
|
1268 | 1277 | Parameters |
|
1269 | 1278 | ---------- |
|
1270 | 1279 | variables : dict, str or list/tuple of str |
|
1271 | 1280 | The variables to inject into the user's namespace. If a dict, a |
|
1272 | 1281 | simple update is done. If a str, the string is assumed to have |
|
1273 | 1282 | variable names separated by spaces. A list/tuple of str can also |
|
1274 | 1283 | be used to give the variable names. If just the variable names are |
|
1275 | 1284 | give (list/tuple/str) then the variable values looked up in the |
|
1276 | 1285 | callers frame. |
|
1277 | 1286 | interactive : bool |
|
1278 | 1287 | If True (default), the variables will be listed with the ``who`` |
|
1279 | 1288 | magic. |
|
1280 | 1289 | """ |
|
1281 | 1290 | vdict = None |
|
1282 | 1291 | |
|
1283 | 1292 | # We need a dict of name/value pairs to do namespace updates. |
|
1284 | 1293 | if isinstance(variables, dict): |
|
1285 | 1294 | vdict = variables |
|
1286 | 1295 | elif isinstance(variables, (basestring, list, tuple)): |
|
1287 | 1296 | if isinstance(variables, basestring): |
|
1288 | 1297 | vlist = variables.split() |
|
1289 | 1298 | else: |
|
1290 | 1299 | vlist = variables |
|
1291 | 1300 | vdict = {} |
|
1292 | 1301 | cf = sys._getframe(1) |
|
1293 | 1302 | for name in vlist: |
|
1294 | 1303 | try: |
|
1295 | 1304 | vdict[name] = eval(name, cf.f_globals, cf.f_locals) |
|
1296 | 1305 | except: |
|
1297 | 1306 | print('Could not get variable %s from %s' % |
|
1298 | 1307 | (name,cf.f_code.co_name)) |
|
1299 | 1308 | else: |
|
1300 | 1309 | raise ValueError('variables must be a dict/str/list/tuple') |
|
1301 | 1310 | |
|
1302 | 1311 | # Propagate variables to user namespace |
|
1303 | 1312 | self.user_ns.update(vdict) |
|
1304 | 1313 | |
|
1305 | 1314 | # And configure interactive visibility |
|
1306 | 1315 | user_ns_hidden = self.user_ns_hidden |
|
1307 | 1316 | if interactive: |
|
1308 | 1317 | for name in vdict: |
|
1309 | 1318 | user_ns_hidden.pop(name, None) |
|
1310 | 1319 | else: |
|
1311 | 1320 | user_ns_hidden.update(vdict) |
|
1312 | 1321 | |
|
1313 | 1322 | def drop_by_id(self, variables): |
|
1314 | 1323 | """Remove a dict of variables from the user namespace, if they are the |
|
1315 | 1324 | same as the values in the dictionary. |
|
1316 | 1325 | |
|
1317 | 1326 | This is intended for use by extensions: variables that they've added can |
|
1318 | 1327 | be taken back out if they are unloaded, without removing any that the |
|
1319 | 1328 | user has overwritten. |
|
1320 | 1329 | |
|
1321 | 1330 | Parameters |
|
1322 | 1331 | ---------- |
|
1323 | 1332 | variables : dict |
|
1324 | 1333 | A dictionary mapping object names (as strings) to the objects. |
|
1325 | 1334 | """ |
|
1326 | 1335 | for name, obj in variables.iteritems(): |
|
1327 | 1336 | if name in self.user_ns and self.user_ns[name] is obj: |
|
1328 | 1337 | del self.user_ns[name] |
|
1329 | 1338 | self.user_ns_hidden.pop(name, None) |
|
1330 | 1339 | |
|
1331 | 1340 | #------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
|
1332 | 1341 | # Things related to object introspection |
|
1333 | 1342 | #------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
|
1334 | 1343 | |
|
1335 | 1344 | def _ofind(self, oname, namespaces=None): |
|
1336 | 1345 | """Find an object in the available namespaces. |
|
1337 | 1346 | |
|
1338 | 1347 | self._ofind(oname) -> dict with keys: found,obj,ospace,ismagic |
|
1339 | 1348 | |
|
1340 | 1349 | Has special code to detect magic functions. |
|
1341 | 1350 | """ |
|
1342 | 1351 | oname = oname.strip() |
|
1343 | 1352 | #print '1- oname: <%r>' % oname # dbg |
|
1344 | 1353 | if not oname.startswith(ESC_MAGIC) and \ |
|
1345 | 1354 | not oname.startswith(ESC_MAGIC2) and \ |
|
1346 | 1355 | not py3compat.isidentifier(oname, dotted=True): |
|
1347 | 1356 | return dict(found=False) |
|
1348 | 1357 | |
|
1349 | 1358 | alias_ns = None |
|
1350 | 1359 | if namespaces is None: |
|
1351 | 1360 | # Namespaces to search in: |
|
1352 | 1361 | # Put them in a list. The order is important so that we |
|
1353 | 1362 | # find things in the same order that Python finds them. |
|
1354 | 1363 | namespaces = [ ('Interactive', self.user_ns), |
|
1355 | 1364 | ('Interactive (global)', self.user_global_ns), |
|
1356 | 1365 | ('Python builtin', builtin_mod.__dict__), |
|
1357 | 1366 | ('Alias', self.alias_manager.alias_table), |
|
1358 | 1367 | ] |
|
1359 | 1368 | alias_ns = self.alias_manager.alias_table |
|
1360 | 1369 | |
|
1361 | 1370 | # initialize results to 'null' |
|
1362 | 1371 | found = False; obj = None; ospace = None; ds = None; |
|
1363 | 1372 | ismagic = False; isalias = False; parent = None |
|
1364 | 1373 | |
|
1365 | 1374 | # We need to special-case 'print', which as of python2.6 registers as a |
|
1366 | 1375 | # function but should only be treated as one if print_function was |
|
1367 | 1376 | # loaded with a future import. In this case, just bail. |
|
1368 | 1377 | if (oname == 'print' and not py3compat.PY3 and not \ |
|
1369 | 1378 | (self.compile.compiler_flags & __future__.CO_FUTURE_PRINT_FUNCTION)): |
|
1370 | 1379 | return {'found':found, 'obj':obj, 'namespace':ospace, |
|
1371 | 1380 | 'ismagic':ismagic, 'isalias':isalias, 'parent':parent} |
|
1372 | 1381 | |
|
1373 | 1382 | # Look for the given name by splitting it in parts. If the head is |
|
1374 | 1383 | # found, then we look for all the remaining parts as members, and only |
|
1375 | 1384 | # declare success if we can find them all. |
|
1376 | 1385 | oname_parts = oname.split('.') |
|
1377 | 1386 | oname_head, oname_rest = oname_parts[0],oname_parts[1:] |
|
1378 | 1387 | for nsname,ns in namespaces: |
|
1379 | 1388 | try: |
|
1380 | 1389 | obj = ns[oname_head] |
|
1381 | 1390 | except KeyError: |
|
1382 | 1391 | continue |
|
1383 | 1392 | else: |
|
1384 | 1393 | #print 'oname_rest:', oname_rest # dbg |
|
1385 | 1394 | for part in oname_rest: |
|
1386 | 1395 | try: |
|
1387 | 1396 | parent = obj |
|
1388 | 1397 | obj = getattr(obj,part) |
|
1389 | 1398 | except: |
|
1390 | 1399 | # Blanket except b/c some badly implemented objects |
|
1391 | 1400 | # allow __getattr__ to raise exceptions other than |
|
1392 | 1401 | # AttributeError, which then crashes IPython. |
|
1393 | 1402 | break |
|
1394 | 1403 | else: |
|
1395 | 1404 | # If we finish the for loop (no break), we got all members |
|
1396 | 1405 | found = True |
|
1397 | 1406 | ospace = nsname |
|
1398 | 1407 | if ns == alias_ns: |
|
1399 | 1408 | isalias = True |
|
1400 | 1409 | break # namespace loop |
|
1401 | 1410 | |
|
1402 | 1411 | # Try to see if it's magic |
|
1403 | 1412 | if not found: |
|
1404 | 1413 | obj = None |
|
1405 | 1414 | if oname.startswith(ESC_MAGIC2): |
|
1406 | 1415 | oname = oname.lstrip(ESC_MAGIC2) |
|
1407 | 1416 | obj = self.find_cell_magic(oname) |
|
1408 | 1417 | elif oname.startswith(ESC_MAGIC): |
|
1409 | 1418 | oname = oname.lstrip(ESC_MAGIC) |
|
1410 | 1419 | obj = self.find_line_magic(oname) |
|
1411 | 1420 | else: |
|
1412 | 1421 | # search without prefix, so run? will find %run? |
|
1413 | 1422 | obj = self.find_line_magic(oname) |
|
1414 | 1423 | if obj is None: |
|
1415 | 1424 | obj = self.find_cell_magic(oname) |
|
1416 | 1425 | if obj is not None: |
|
1417 | 1426 | found = True |
|
1418 | 1427 | ospace = 'IPython internal' |
|
1419 | 1428 | ismagic = True |
|
1420 | 1429 | |
|
1421 | 1430 | # Last try: special-case some literals like '', [], {}, etc: |
|
1422 | 1431 | if not found and oname_head in ["''",'""','[]','{}','()']: |
|
1423 | 1432 | obj = eval(oname_head) |
|
1424 | 1433 | found = True |
|
1425 | 1434 | ospace = 'Interactive' |
|
1426 | 1435 | |
|
1427 | 1436 | return {'found':found, 'obj':obj, 'namespace':ospace, |
|
1428 | 1437 | 'ismagic':ismagic, 'isalias':isalias, 'parent':parent} |
|
1429 | 1438 | |
|
1430 | 1439 | def _ofind_property(self, oname, info): |
|
1431 | 1440 | """Second part of object finding, to look for property details.""" |
|
1432 | 1441 | if info.found: |
|
1433 | 1442 | # Get the docstring of the class property if it exists. |
|
1434 | 1443 | path = oname.split('.') |
|
1435 | 1444 | root = '.'.join(path[:-1]) |
|
1436 | 1445 | if info.parent is not None: |
|
1437 | 1446 | try: |
|
1438 | 1447 | target = getattr(info.parent, '__class__') |
|
1439 | 1448 | # The object belongs to a class instance. |
|
1440 | 1449 | try: |
|
1441 | 1450 | target = getattr(target, path[-1]) |
|
1442 | 1451 | # The class defines the object. |
|
1443 | 1452 | if isinstance(target, property): |
|
1444 | 1453 | oname = root + '.__class__.' + path[-1] |
|
1445 | 1454 | info = Struct(self._ofind(oname)) |
|
1446 | 1455 | except AttributeError: pass |
|
1447 | 1456 | except AttributeError: pass |
|
1448 | 1457 | |
|
1449 | 1458 | # We return either the new info or the unmodified input if the object |
|
1450 | 1459 | # hadn't been found |
|
1451 | 1460 | return info |
|
1452 | 1461 | |
|
1453 | 1462 | def _object_find(self, oname, namespaces=None): |
|
1454 | 1463 | """Find an object and return a struct with info about it.""" |
|
1455 | 1464 | inf = Struct(self._ofind(oname, namespaces)) |
|
1456 | 1465 | return Struct(self._ofind_property(oname, inf)) |
|
1457 | 1466 | |
|
1458 | 1467 | def _inspect(self, meth, oname, namespaces=None, **kw): |
|
1459 | 1468 | """Generic interface to the inspector system. |
|
1460 | 1469 | |
|
1461 | 1470 | This function is meant to be called by pdef, pdoc & friends.""" |
|
1462 | 1471 | info = self._object_find(oname, namespaces) |
|
1463 | 1472 | if info.found: |
|
1464 | 1473 | pmethod = getattr(self.inspector, meth) |
|
1465 | 1474 | formatter = format_screen if info.ismagic else None |
|
1466 | 1475 | if meth == 'pdoc': |
|
1467 | 1476 | pmethod(info.obj, oname, formatter) |
|
1468 | 1477 | elif meth == 'pinfo': |
|
1469 | 1478 | pmethod(info.obj, oname, formatter, info, **kw) |
|
1470 | 1479 | else: |
|
1471 | 1480 | pmethod(info.obj, oname) |
|
1472 | 1481 | else: |
|
1473 | 1482 | print('Object `%s` not found.' % oname) |
|
1474 | 1483 | return 'not found' # so callers can take other action |
|
1475 | 1484 | |
|
1476 | 1485 | def object_inspect(self, oname, detail_level=0): |
|
1477 | 1486 | with self.builtin_trap: |
|
1478 | 1487 | info = self._object_find(oname) |
|
1479 | 1488 | if info.found: |
|
1480 | 1489 | return self.inspector.info(info.obj, oname, info=info, |
|
1481 | 1490 | detail_level=detail_level |
|
1482 | 1491 | ) |
|
1483 | 1492 | else: |
|
1484 | 1493 | return oinspect.object_info(name=oname, found=False) |
|
1485 | 1494 | |
|
1486 | 1495 | #------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
|
1487 | 1496 | # Things related to history management |
|
1488 | 1497 | #------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
|
1489 | 1498 | |
|
1490 | 1499 | def init_history(self): |
|
1491 | 1500 | """Sets up the command history, and starts regular autosaves.""" |
|
1492 | 1501 | self.history_manager = HistoryManager(shell=self, parent=self) |
|
1493 | 1502 | self.configurables.append(self.history_manager) |
|
1494 | 1503 | |
|
1495 | 1504 | #------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
|
1496 | 1505 | # Things related to exception handling and tracebacks (not debugging) |
|
1497 | 1506 | #------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
|
1498 | 1507 | |
|
1499 | 1508 | def init_traceback_handlers(self, custom_exceptions): |
|
1500 | 1509 | # Syntax error handler. |
|
1501 | 1510 | self.SyntaxTB = ultratb.SyntaxTB(color_scheme='NoColor') |
|
1502 | 1511 | |
|
1503 | 1512 | # The interactive one is initialized with an offset, meaning we always |
|
1504 | 1513 | # want to remove the topmost item in the traceback, which is our own |
|
1505 | 1514 | # internal code. Valid modes: ['Plain','Context','Verbose'] |
|
1506 | 1515 | self.InteractiveTB = ultratb.AutoFormattedTB(mode = 'Plain', |
|
1507 | 1516 | color_scheme='NoColor', |
|
1508 | 1517 | tb_offset = 1, |
|
1509 | 1518 | check_cache=check_linecache_ipython) |
|
1510 | 1519 | |
|
1511 | 1520 | # The instance will store a pointer to the system-wide exception hook, |
|
1512 | 1521 | # so that runtime code (such as magics) can access it. This is because |
|
1513 | 1522 | # during the read-eval loop, it may get temporarily overwritten. |
|
1514 | 1523 | self.sys_excepthook = sys.excepthook |
|
1515 | 1524 | |
|
1516 | 1525 | # and add any custom exception handlers the user may have specified |
|
1517 | 1526 | self.set_custom_exc(*custom_exceptions) |
|
1518 | 1527 | |
|
1519 | 1528 | # Set the exception mode |
|
1520 | 1529 | self.InteractiveTB.set_mode(mode=self.xmode) |
|
1521 | 1530 | |
|
1522 | 1531 | def set_custom_exc(self, exc_tuple, handler): |
|
1523 | 1532 | """set_custom_exc(exc_tuple,handler) |
|
1524 | 1533 | |
|
1525 | 1534 | Set a custom exception handler, which will be called if any of the |
|
1526 | 1535 | exceptions in exc_tuple occur in the mainloop (specifically, in the |
|
1527 | 1536 | run_code() method). |
|
1528 | 1537 | |
|
1529 | 1538 | Parameters |
|
1530 | 1539 | ---------- |
|
1531 | 1540 | |
|
1532 | 1541 | exc_tuple : tuple of exception classes |
|
1533 | 1542 | A *tuple* of exception classes, for which to call the defined |
|
1534 | 1543 | handler. It is very important that you use a tuple, and NOT A |
|
1535 | 1544 | LIST here, because of the way Python's except statement works. If |
|
1536 | 1545 | you only want to trap a single exception, use a singleton tuple:: |
|
1537 | 1546 | |
|
1538 | 1547 | exc_tuple == (MyCustomException,) |
|
1539 | 1548 | |
|
1540 | 1549 | handler : callable |
|
1541 | 1550 | handler must have the following signature:: |
|
1542 | 1551 | |
|
1543 | 1552 | def my_handler(self, etype, value, tb, tb_offset=None): |
|
1544 | 1553 | ... |
|
1545 | 1554 | return structured_traceback |
|
1546 | 1555 | |
|
1547 | 1556 | Your handler must return a structured traceback (a list of strings), |
|
1548 | 1557 | or None. |
|
1549 | 1558 | |
|
1550 | 1559 | This will be made into an instance method (via types.MethodType) |
|
1551 | 1560 | of IPython itself, and it will be called if any of the exceptions |
|
1552 | 1561 | listed in the exc_tuple are caught. If the handler is None, an |
|
1553 | 1562 | internal basic one is used, which just prints basic info. |
|
1554 | 1563 | |
|
1555 | 1564 | To protect IPython from crashes, if your handler ever raises an |
|
1556 | 1565 | exception or returns an invalid result, it will be immediately |
|
1557 | 1566 | disabled. |
|
1558 | 1567 | |
|
1559 | 1568 | WARNING: by putting in your own exception handler into IPython's main |
|
1560 | 1569 | execution loop, you run a very good chance of nasty crashes. This |
|
1561 | 1570 | facility should only be used if you really know what you are doing.""" |
|
1562 | 1571 | |
|
1563 | 1572 | assert type(exc_tuple)==type(()) , \ |
|
1564 | 1573 | "The custom exceptions must be given AS A TUPLE." |
|
1565 | 1574 | |
|
1566 | 1575 | def dummy_handler(self,etype,value,tb,tb_offset=None): |
|
1567 | 1576 | print('*** Simple custom exception handler ***') |
|
1568 | 1577 | print('Exception type :',etype) |
|
1569 | 1578 | print('Exception value:',value) |
|
1570 | 1579 | print('Traceback :',tb) |
|
1571 | 1580 | #print 'Source code :','\n'.join(self.buffer) |
|
1572 | 1581 | |
|
1573 | 1582 | def validate_stb(stb): |
|
1574 | 1583 | """validate structured traceback return type |
|
1575 | 1584 | |
|
1576 | 1585 | return type of CustomTB *should* be a list of strings, but allow |
|
1577 | 1586 | single strings or None, which are harmless. |
|
1578 | 1587 | |
|
1579 | 1588 | This function will *always* return a list of strings, |
|
1580 | 1589 | and will raise a TypeError if stb is inappropriate. |
|
1581 | 1590 | """ |
|
1582 | 1591 | msg = "CustomTB must return list of strings, not %r" % stb |
|
1583 | 1592 | if stb is None: |
|
1584 | 1593 | return [] |
|
1585 | 1594 | elif isinstance(stb, basestring): |
|
1586 | 1595 | return [stb] |
|
1587 | 1596 | elif not isinstance(stb, list): |
|
1588 | 1597 | raise TypeError(msg) |
|
1589 | 1598 | # it's a list |
|
1590 | 1599 | for line in stb: |
|
1591 | 1600 | # check every element |
|
1592 | 1601 | if not isinstance(line, basestring): |
|
1593 | 1602 | raise TypeError(msg) |
|
1594 | 1603 | return stb |
|
1595 | 1604 | |
|
1596 | 1605 | if handler is None: |
|
1597 | 1606 | wrapped = dummy_handler |
|
1598 | 1607 | else: |
|
1599 | 1608 | def wrapped(self,etype,value,tb,tb_offset=None): |
|
1600 | 1609 | """wrap CustomTB handler, to protect IPython from user code |
|
1601 | 1610 | |
|
1602 | 1611 | This makes it harder (but not impossible) for custom exception |
|
1603 | 1612 | handlers to crash IPython. |
|
1604 | 1613 | """ |
|
1605 | 1614 | try: |
|
1606 | 1615 | stb = handler(self,etype,value,tb,tb_offset=tb_offset) |
|
1607 | 1616 | return validate_stb(stb) |
|
1608 | 1617 | except: |
|
1609 | 1618 | # clear custom handler immediately |
|
1610 | 1619 | self.set_custom_exc((), None) |
|
1611 | 1620 | print("Custom TB Handler failed, unregistering", file=io.stderr) |
|
1612 | 1621 | # show the exception in handler first |
|
1613 | 1622 | stb = self.InteractiveTB.structured_traceback(*sys.exc_info()) |
|
1614 | 1623 | print(self.InteractiveTB.stb2text(stb), file=io.stdout) |
|
1615 | 1624 | print("The original exception:", file=io.stdout) |
|
1616 | 1625 | stb = self.InteractiveTB.structured_traceback( |
|
1617 | 1626 | (etype,value,tb), tb_offset=tb_offset |
|
1618 | 1627 | ) |
|
1619 | 1628 | return stb |
|
1620 | 1629 | |
|
1621 | 1630 | self.CustomTB = types.MethodType(wrapped,self) |
|
1622 | 1631 | self.custom_exceptions = exc_tuple |
|
1623 | 1632 | |
|
1624 | 1633 | def excepthook(self, etype, value, tb): |
|
1625 | 1634 | """One more defense for GUI apps that call sys.excepthook. |
|
1626 | 1635 | |
|
1627 | 1636 | GUI frameworks like wxPython trap exceptions and call |
|
1628 | 1637 | sys.excepthook themselves. I guess this is a feature that |
|
1629 | 1638 | enables them to keep running after exceptions that would |
|
1630 | 1639 | otherwise kill their mainloop. This is a bother for IPython |
|
1631 | 1640 | which excepts to catch all of the program exceptions with a try: |
|
1632 | 1641 | except: statement. |
|
1633 | 1642 | |
|
1634 | 1643 | Normally, IPython sets sys.excepthook to a CrashHandler instance, so if |
|
1635 | 1644 | any app directly invokes sys.excepthook, it will look to the user like |
|
1636 | 1645 | IPython crashed. In order to work around this, we can disable the |
|
1637 | 1646 | CrashHandler and replace it with this excepthook instead, which prints a |
|
1638 | 1647 | regular traceback using our InteractiveTB. In this fashion, apps which |
|
1639 | 1648 | call sys.excepthook will generate a regular-looking exception from |
|
1640 | 1649 | IPython, and the CrashHandler will only be triggered by real IPython |
|
1641 | 1650 | crashes. |
|
1642 | 1651 | |
|
1643 | 1652 | This hook should be used sparingly, only in places which are not likely |
|
1644 | 1653 | to be true IPython errors. |
|
1645 | 1654 | """ |
|
1646 | 1655 | self.showtraceback((etype,value,tb),tb_offset=0) |
|
1647 | 1656 | |
|
1648 | 1657 | def _get_exc_info(self, exc_tuple=None): |
|
1649 | 1658 | """get exc_info from a given tuple, sys.exc_info() or sys.last_type etc. |
|
1650 | 1659 | |
|
1651 | 1660 | Ensures sys.last_type,value,traceback hold the exc_info we found, |
|
1652 | 1661 | from whichever source. |
|
1653 | 1662 | |
|
1654 | 1663 | raises ValueError if none of these contain any information |
|
1655 | 1664 | """ |
|
1656 | 1665 | if exc_tuple is None: |
|
1657 | 1666 | etype, value, tb = sys.exc_info() |
|
1658 | 1667 | else: |
|
1659 | 1668 | etype, value, tb = exc_tuple |
|
1660 | 1669 | |
|
1661 | 1670 | if etype is None: |
|
1662 | 1671 | if hasattr(sys, 'last_type'): |
|
1663 | 1672 | etype, value, tb = sys.last_type, sys.last_value, \ |
|
1664 | 1673 | sys.last_traceback |
|
1665 | 1674 | |
|
1666 | 1675 | if etype is None: |
|
1667 | 1676 | raise ValueError("No exception to find") |
|
1668 | 1677 | |
|
1669 | 1678 | # Now store the exception info in sys.last_type etc. |
|
1670 | 1679 | # WARNING: these variables are somewhat deprecated and not |
|
1671 | 1680 | # necessarily safe to use in a threaded environment, but tools |
|
1672 | 1681 | # like pdb depend on their existence, so let's set them. If we |
|
1673 | 1682 | # find problems in the field, we'll need to revisit their use. |
|
1674 | 1683 | sys.last_type = etype |
|
1675 | 1684 | sys.last_value = value |
|
1676 | 1685 | sys.last_traceback = tb |
|
1677 | 1686 | |
|
1678 | 1687 | return etype, value, tb |
|
1679 | 1688 | |
|
1680 | 1689 | def show_usage_error(self, exc): |
|
1681 | 1690 | """Show a short message for UsageErrors |
|
1682 | 1691 | |
|
1683 | 1692 | These are special exceptions that shouldn't show a traceback. |
|
1684 | 1693 | """ |
|
1685 | 1694 | self.write_err("UsageError: %s" % exc) |
|
1686 | 1695 | |
|
1687 | 1696 | def showtraceback(self,exc_tuple = None,filename=None,tb_offset=None, |
|
1688 | 1697 | exception_only=False): |
|
1689 | 1698 | """Display the exception that just occurred. |
|
1690 | 1699 | |
|
1691 | 1700 | If nothing is known about the exception, this is the method which |
|
1692 | 1701 | should be used throughout the code for presenting user tracebacks, |
|
1693 | 1702 | rather than directly invoking the InteractiveTB object. |
|
1694 | 1703 | |
|
1695 | 1704 | A specific showsyntaxerror() also exists, but this method can take |
|
1696 | 1705 | care of calling it if needed, so unless you are explicitly catching a |
|
1697 | 1706 | SyntaxError exception, don't try to analyze the stack manually and |
|
1698 | 1707 | simply call this method.""" |
|
1699 | 1708 | |
|
1700 | 1709 | try: |
|
1701 | 1710 | try: |
|
1702 | 1711 | etype, value, tb = self._get_exc_info(exc_tuple) |
|
1703 | 1712 | except ValueError: |
|
1704 | 1713 | self.write_err('No traceback available to show.\n') |
|
1705 | 1714 | return |
|
1706 | 1715 | |
|
1707 | 1716 | if issubclass(etype, SyntaxError): |
|
1708 | 1717 | # Though this won't be called by syntax errors in the input |
|
1709 | 1718 | # line, there may be SyntaxError cases with imported code. |
|
1710 | 1719 | self.showsyntaxerror(filename) |
|
1711 | 1720 | elif etype is UsageError: |
|
1712 | 1721 | self.show_usage_error(value) |
|
1713 | 1722 | else: |
|
1714 | 1723 | if exception_only: |
|
1715 | 1724 | stb = ['An exception has occurred, use %tb to see ' |
|
1716 | 1725 | 'the full traceback.\n'] |
|
1717 | 1726 | stb.extend(self.InteractiveTB.get_exception_only(etype, |
|
1718 | 1727 | value)) |
|
1719 | 1728 | else: |
|
1720 | 1729 | try: |
|
1721 | 1730 | # Exception classes can customise their traceback - we |
|
1722 | 1731 | # use this in IPython.parallel for exceptions occurring |
|
1723 | 1732 | # in the engines. This should return a list of strings. |
|
1724 | 1733 | stb = value._render_traceback_() |
|
1725 | 1734 | except Exception: |
|
1726 | 1735 | stb = self.InteractiveTB.structured_traceback(etype, |
|
1727 | 1736 | value, tb, tb_offset=tb_offset) |
|
1728 | 1737 | |
|
1729 | 1738 | self._showtraceback(etype, value, stb) |
|
1730 | 1739 | if self.call_pdb: |
|
1731 | 1740 | # drop into debugger |
|
1732 | 1741 | self.debugger(force=True) |
|
1733 | 1742 | return |
|
1734 | 1743 | |
|
1735 | 1744 | # Actually show the traceback |
|
1736 | 1745 | self._showtraceback(etype, value, stb) |
|
1737 | 1746 | |
|
1738 | 1747 | except KeyboardInterrupt: |
|
1739 | 1748 | self.write_err("\nKeyboardInterrupt\n") |
|
1740 | 1749 | |
|
1741 | 1750 | def _showtraceback(self, etype, evalue, stb): |
|
1742 | 1751 | """Actually show a traceback. |
|
1743 | 1752 | |
|
1744 | 1753 | Subclasses may override this method to put the traceback on a different |
|
1745 | 1754 | place, like a side channel. |
|
1746 | 1755 | """ |
|
1747 | 1756 | print(self.InteractiveTB.stb2text(stb), file=io.stdout) |
|
1748 | 1757 | |
|
1749 | 1758 | def showsyntaxerror(self, filename=None): |
|
1750 | 1759 | """Display the syntax error that just occurred. |
|
1751 | 1760 | |
|
1752 | 1761 | This doesn't display a stack trace because there isn't one. |
|
1753 | 1762 | |
|
1754 | 1763 | If a filename is given, it is stuffed in the exception instead |
|
1755 | 1764 | of what was there before (because Python's parser always uses |
|
1756 | 1765 | "<string>" when reading from a string). |
|
1757 | 1766 | """ |
|
1758 | 1767 | etype, value, last_traceback = self._get_exc_info() |
|
1759 | 1768 | |
|
1760 | 1769 | if filename and issubclass(etype, SyntaxError): |
|
1761 | 1770 | try: |
|
1762 | 1771 | value.filename = filename |
|
1763 | 1772 | except: |
|
1764 | 1773 | # Not the format we expect; leave it alone |
|
1765 | 1774 | pass |
|
1766 | 1775 | |
|
1767 | 1776 | stb = self.SyntaxTB.structured_traceback(etype, value, []) |
|
1768 | 1777 | self._showtraceback(etype, value, stb) |
|
1769 | 1778 | |
|
1770 | 1779 | # This is overridden in TerminalInteractiveShell to show a message about |
|
1771 | 1780 | # the %paste magic. |
|
1772 | 1781 | def showindentationerror(self): |
|
1773 | 1782 | """Called by run_cell when there's an IndentationError in code entered |
|
1774 | 1783 | at the prompt. |
|
1775 | 1784 | |
|
1776 | 1785 | This is overridden in TerminalInteractiveShell to show a message about |
|
1777 | 1786 | the %paste magic.""" |
|
1778 | 1787 | self.showsyntaxerror() |
|
1779 | 1788 | |
|
1780 | 1789 | #------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
|
1781 | 1790 | # Things related to readline |
|
1782 | 1791 | #------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
|
1783 | 1792 | |
|
1784 | 1793 | def init_readline(self): |
|
1785 | 1794 | """Command history completion/saving/reloading.""" |
|
1786 | 1795 | |
|
1787 | 1796 | if self.readline_use: |
|
1788 | 1797 | import IPython.utils.rlineimpl as readline |
|
1789 | 1798 | |
|
1790 | 1799 | self.rl_next_input = None |
|
1791 | 1800 | self.rl_do_indent = False |
|
1792 | 1801 | |
|
1793 | 1802 | if not self.readline_use or not readline.have_readline: |
|
1794 | 1803 | self.has_readline = False |
|
1795 | 1804 | self.readline = None |
|
1796 | 1805 | # Set a number of methods that depend on readline to be no-op |
|
1797 | 1806 | self.readline_no_record = no_op_context |
|
1798 | 1807 | self.set_readline_completer = no_op |
|
1799 | 1808 | self.set_custom_completer = no_op |
|
1800 | 1809 | if self.readline_use: |
|
1801 | 1810 | warn('Readline services not available or not loaded.') |
|
1802 | 1811 | else: |
|
1803 | 1812 | self.has_readline = True |
|
1804 | 1813 | self.readline = readline |
|
1805 | 1814 | sys.modules['readline'] = readline |
|
1806 | 1815 | |
|
1807 | 1816 | # Platform-specific configuration |
|
1808 | 1817 | if os.name == 'nt': |
|
1809 | 1818 | # FIXME - check with Frederick to see if we can harmonize |
|
1810 | 1819 | # naming conventions with pyreadline to avoid this |
|
1811 | 1820 | # platform-dependent check |
|
1812 | 1821 | self.readline_startup_hook = readline.set_pre_input_hook |
|
1813 | 1822 | else: |
|
1814 | 1823 | self.readline_startup_hook = readline.set_startup_hook |
|
1815 | 1824 | |
|
1816 | 1825 | # Load user's initrc file (readline config) |
|
1817 | 1826 | # Or if libedit is used, load editrc. |
|
1818 | 1827 | inputrc_name = os.environ.get('INPUTRC') |
|
1819 | 1828 | if inputrc_name is None: |
|
1820 | 1829 | inputrc_name = '.inputrc' |
|
1821 | 1830 | if readline.uses_libedit: |
|
1822 | 1831 | inputrc_name = '.editrc' |
|
1823 | 1832 | inputrc_name = os.path.join(self.home_dir, inputrc_name) |
|
1824 | 1833 | if os.path.isfile(inputrc_name): |
|
1825 | 1834 | try: |
|
1826 | 1835 | readline.read_init_file(inputrc_name) |
|
1827 | 1836 | except: |
|
1828 | 1837 | warn('Problems reading readline initialization file <%s>' |
|
1829 | 1838 | % inputrc_name) |
|
1830 | 1839 | |
|
1831 | 1840 | # Configure readline according to user's prefs |
|
1832 | 1841 | # This is only done if GNU readline is being used. If libedit |
|
1833 | 1842 | # is being used (as on Leopard) the readline config is |
|
1834 | 1843 | # not run as the syntax for libedit is different. |
|
1835 | 1844 | if not readline.uses_libedit: |
|
1836 | 1845 | for rlcommand in self.readline_parse_and_bind: |
|
1837 | 1846 | #print "loading rl:",rlcommand # dbg |
|
1838 | 1847 | readline.parse_and_bind(rlcommand) |
|
1839 | 1848 | |
|
1840 | 1849 | # Remove some chars from the delimiters list. If we encounter |
|
1841 | 1850 | # unicode chars, discard them. |
|
1842 | 1851 | delims = readline.get_completer_delims() |
|
1843 | 1852 | if not py3compat.PY3: |
|
1844 | 1853 | delims = delims.encode("ascii", "ignore") |
|
1845 | 1854 | for d in self.readline_remove_delims: |
|
1846 | 1855 | delims = delims.replace(d, "") |
|
1847 | 1856 | delims = delims.replace(ESC_MAGIC, '') |
|
1848 | 1857 | readline.set_completer_delims(delims) |
|
1849 | 1858 | # Store these so we can restore them if something like rpy2 modifies |
|
1850 | 1859 | # them. |
|
1851 | 1860 | self.readline_delims = delims |
|
1852 | 1861 | # otherwise we end up with a monster history after a while: |
|
1853 | 1862 | readline.set_history_length(self.history_length) |
|
1854 | 1863 | |
|
1855 | 1864 | self.refill_readline_hist() |
|
1856 | 1865 | self.readline_no_record = ReadlineNoRecord(self) |
|
1857 | 1866 | |
|
1858 | 1867 | # Configure auto-indent for all platforms |
|
1859 | 1868 | self.set_autoindent(self.autoindent) |
|
1860 | 1869 | |
|
1861 | 1870 | def refill_readline_hist(self): |
|
1862 | 1871 | # Load the last 1000 lines from history |
|
1863 | 1872 | self.readline.clear_history() |
|
1864 | 1873 | stdin_encoding = sys.stdin.encoding or "utf-8" |
|
1865 | 1874 | last_cell = u"" |
|
1866 | 1875 | for _, _, cell in self.history_manager.get_tail(1000, |
|
1867 | 1876 | include_latest=True): |
|
1868 | 1877 | # Ignore blank lines and consecutive duplicates |
|
1869 | 1878 | cell = cell.rstrip() |
|
1870 | 1879 | if cell and (cell != last_cell): |
|
1871 | 1880 | try: |
|
1872 | 1881 | if self.multiline_history: |
|
1873 | 1882 | self.readline.add_history(py3compat.unicode_to_str(cell, |
|
1874 | 1883 | stdin_encoding)) |
|
1875 | 1884 | else: |
|
1876 | 1885 | for line in cell.splitlines(): |
|
1877 | 1886 | self.readline.add_history(py3compat.unicode_to_str(line, |
|
1878 | 1887 | stdin_encoding)) |
|
1879 | 1888 | last_cell = cell |
|
1880 | 1889 | |
|
1881 | 1890 | except TypeError: |
|
1882 | 1891 | # The history DB can get corrupted so it returns strings |
|
1883 | 1892 | # containing null bytes, which readline objects to. |
|
1884 | 1893 | continue |
|
1885 | 1894 | |
|
1886 | 1895 | @skip_doctest |
|
1887 | 1896 | def set_next_input(self, s): |
|
1888 | 1897 | """ Sets the 'default' input string for the next command line. |
|
1889 | 1898 | |
|
1890 | 1899 | Requires readline. |
|
1891 | 1900 | |
|
1892 | 1901 | Example:: |
|
1893 | 1902 | |
|
1894 | 1903 | In [1]: _ip.set_next_input("Hello Word") |
|
1895 | 1904 | In [2]: Hello Word_ # cursor is here |
|
1896 | 1905 | """ |
|
1897 | 1906 | self.rl_next_input = py3compat.cast_bytes_py2(s) |
|
1898 | 1907 | |
|
1899 | 1908 | # Maybe move this to the terminal subclass? |
|
1900 | 1909 | def pre_readline(self): |
|
1901 | 1910 | """readline hook to be used at the start of each line. |
|
1902 | 1911 | |
|
1903 | 1912 | Currently it handles auto-indent only.""" |
|
1904 | 1913 | |
|
1905 | 1914 | if self.rl_do_indent: |
|
1906 | 1915 | self.readline.insert_text(self._indent_current_str()) |
|
1907 | 1916 | if self.rl_next_input is not None: |
|
1908 | 1917 | self.readline.insert_text(self.rl_next_input) |
|
1909 | 1918 | self.rl_next_input = None |
|
1910 | 1919 | |
|
1911 | 1920 | def _indent_current_str(self): |
|
1912 | 1921 | """return the current level of indentation as a string""" |
|
1913 | 1922 | return self.input_splitter.indent_spaces * ' ' |
|
1914 | 1923 | |
|
1915 | 1924 | #------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
|
1916 | 1925 | # Things related to text completion |
|
1917 | 1926 | #------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
|
1918 | 1927 | |
|
1919 | 1928 | def init_completer(self): |
|
1920 | 1929 | """Initialize the completion machinery. |
|
1921 | 1930 | |
|
1922 | 1931 | This creates completion machinery that can be used by client code, |
|
1923 | 1932 | either interactively in-process (typically triggered by the readline |
|
1924 | 1933 | library), programatically (such as in test suites) or out-of-prcess |
|
1925 | 1934 | (typically over the network by remote frontends). |
|
1926 | 1935 | """ |
|
1927 | 1936 | from IPython.core.completer import IPCompleter |
|
1928 | 1937 | from IPython.core.completerlib import (module_completer, |
|
1929 | 1938 | magic_run_completer, cd_completer, reset_completer) |
|
1930 | 1939 | |
|
1931 | 1940 | self.Completer = IPCompleter(shell=self, |
|
1932 | 1941 | namespace=self.user_ns, |
|
1933 | 1942 | global_namespace=self.user_global_ns, |
|
1934 | 1943 | alias_table=self.alias_manager.alias_table, |
|
1935 | 1944 | use_readline=self.has_readline, |
|
1936 | 1945 | parent=self, |
|
1937 | 1946 | ) |
|
1938 | 1947 | self.configurables.append(self.Completer) |
|
1939 | 1948 | |
|
1940 | 1949 | # Add custom completers to the basic ones built into IPCompleter |
|
1941 | 1950 | sdisp = self.strdispatchers.get('complete_command', StrDispatch()) |
|
1942 | 1951 | self.strdispatchers['complete_command'] = sdisp |
|
1943 | 1952 | self.Completer.custom_completers = sdisp |
|
1944 | 1953 | |
|
1945 | 1954 | self.set_hook('complete_command', module_completer, str_key = 'import') |
|
1946 | 1955 | self.set_hook('complete_command', module_completer, str_key = 'from') |
|
1947 | 1956 | self.set_hook('complete_command', magic_run_completer, str_key = '%run') |
|
1948 | 1957 | self.set_hook('complete_command', cd_completer, str_key = '%cd') |
|
1949 | 1958 | self.set_hook('complete_command', reset_completer, str_key = '%reset') |
|
1950 | 1959 | |
|
1951 | 1960 | # Only configure readline if we truly are using readline. IPython can |
|
1952 | 1961 | # do tab-completion over the network, in GUIs, etc, where readline |
|
1953 | 1962 | # itself may be absent |
|
1954 | 1963 | if self.has_readline: |
|
1955 | 1964 | self.set_readline_completer() |
|
1956 | 1965 | |
|
1957 | 1966 | def complete(self, text, line=None, cursor_pos=None): |
|
1958 | 1967 | """Return the completed text and a list of completions. |
|
1959 | 1968 | |
|
1960 | 1969 | Parameters |
|
1961 | 1970 | ---------- |
|
1962 | 1971 | |
|
1963 | 1972 | text : string |
|
1964 | 1973 | A string of text to be completed on. It can be given as empty and |
|
1965 | 1974 | instead a line/position pair are given. In this case, the |
|
1966 | 1975 | completer itself will split the line like readline does. |
|
1967 | 1976 | |
|
1968 | 1977 | line : string, optional |
|
1969 | 1978 | The complete line that text is part of. |
|
1970 | 1979 | |
|
1971 | 1980 | cursor_pos : int, optional |
|
1972 | 1981 | The position of the cursor on the input line. |
|
1973 | 1982 | |
|
1974 | 1983 | Returns |
|
1975 | 1984 | ------- |
|
1976 | 1985 | text : string |
|
1977 | 1986 | The actual text that was completed. |
|
1978 | 1987 | |
|
1979 | 1988 | matches : list |
|
1980 | 1989 | A sorted list with all possible completions. |
|
1981 | 1990 | |
|
1982 | 1991 | The optional arguments allow the completion to take more context into |
|
1983 | 1992 | account, and are part of the low-level completion API. |
|
1984 | 1993 | |
|
1985 | 1994 | This is a wrapper around the completion mechanism, similar to what |
|
1986 | 1995 | readline does at the command line when the TAB key is hit. By |
|
1987 | 1996 | exposing it as a method, it can be used by other non-readline |
|
1988 | 1997 | environments (such as GUIs) for text completion. |
|
1989 | 1998 | |
|
1990 | 1999 | Simple usage example: |
|
1991 | 2000 | |
|
1992 | 2001 | In [1]: x = 'hello' |
|
1993 | 2002 | |
|
1994 | 2003 | In [2]: _ip.complete('x.l') |
|
1995 | 2004 | Out[2]: ('x.l', ['x.ljust', 'x.lower', 'x.lstrip']) |
|
1996 | 2005 | """ |
|
1997 | 2006 | |
|
1998 | 2007 | # Inject names into __builtin__ so we can complete on the added names. |
|
1999 | 2008 | with self.builtin_trap: |
|
2000 | 2009 | return self.Completer.complete(text, line, cursor_pos) |
|
2001 | 2010 | |
|
2002 | 2011 | def set_custom_completer(self, completer, pos=0): |
|
2003 | 2012 | """Adds a new custom completer function. |
|
2004 | 2013 | |
|
2005 | 2014 | The position argument (defaults to 0) is the index in the completers |
|
2006 | 2015 | list where you want the completer to be inserted.""" |
|
2007 | 2016 | |
|
2008 | 2017 | newcomp = types.MethodType(completer,self.Completer) |
|
2009 | 2018 | self.Completer.matchers.insert(pos,newcomp) |
|
2010 | 2019 | |
|
2011 | 2020 | def set_readline_completer(self): |
|
2012 | 2021 | """Reset readline's completer to be our own.""" |
|
2013 | 2022 | self.readline.set_completer(self.Completer.rlcomplete) |
|
2014 | 2023 | |
|
2015 | 2024 | def set_completer_frame(self, frame=None): |
|
2016 | 2025 | """Set the frame of the completer.""" |
|
2017 | 2026 | if frame: |
|
2018 | 2027 | self.Completer.namespace = frame.f_locals |
|
2019 | 2028 | self.Completer.global_namespace = frame.f_globals |
|
2020 | 2029 | else: |
|
2021 | 2030 | self.Completer.namespace = self.user_ns |
|
2022 | 2031 | self.Completer.global_namespace = self.user_global_ns |
|
2023 | 2032 | |
|
2024 | 2033 | #------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
|
2025 | 2034 | # Things related to magics |
|
2026 | 2035 | #------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
|
2027 | 2036 | |
|
2028 | 2037 | def init_magics(self): |
|
2029 | 2038 | from IPython.core import magics as m |
|
2030 | 2039 | self.magics_manager = magic.MagicsManager(shell=self, |
|
2031 | 2040 | parent=self, |
|
2032 | 2041 | user_magics=m.UserMagics(self)) |
|
2033 | 2042 | self.configurables.append(self.magics_manager) |
|
2034 | 2043 | |
|
2035 | 2044 | # Expose as public API from the magics manager |
|
2036 | 2045 | self.register_magics = self.magics_manager.register |
|
2037 | 2046 | self.define_magic = self.magics_manager.define_magic |
|
2038 | 2047 | |
|
2039 | 2048 | self.register_magics(m.AutoMagics, m.BasicMagics, m.CodeMagics, |
|
2040 | 2049 | m.ConfigMagics, m.DeprecatedMagics, m.DisplayMagics, m.ExecutionMagics, |
|
2041 | 2050 | m.ExtensionMagics, m.HistoryMagics, m.LoggingMagics, |
|
2042 | 2051 | m.NamespaceMagics, m.OSMagics, m.PylabMagics, m.ScriptMagics, |
|
2043 | 2052 | ) |
|
2044 | 2053 | |
|
2045 | 2054 | # Register Magic Aliases |
|
2046 | 2055 | mman = self.magics_manager |
|
2047 | 2056 | # FIXME: magic aliases should be defined by the Magics classes |
|
2048 | 2057 | # or in MagicsManager, not here |
|
2049 | 2058 | mman.register_alias('ed', 'edit') |
|
2050 | 2059 | mman.register_alias('hist', 'history') |
|
2051 | 2060 | mman.register_alias('rep', 'recall') |
|
2052 | 2061 | mman.register_alias('SVG', 'svg', 'cell') |
|
2053 | 2062 | mman.register_alias('HTML', 'html', 'cell') |
|
2054 | 2063 | mman.register_alias('file', 'writefile', 'cell') |
|
2055 | 2064 | |
|
2056 | 2065 | # FIXME: Move the color initialization to the DisplayHook, which |
|
2057 | 2066 | # should be split into a prompt manager and displayhook. We probably |
|
2058 | 2067 | # even need a centralize colors management object. |
|
2059 | 2068 | self.magic('colors %s' % self.colors) |
|
2060 | 2069 | |
|
2061 | 2070 | # Defined here so that it's included in the documentation |
|
2062 | 2071 | @functools.wraps(magic.MagicsManager.register_function) |
|
2063 | 2072 | def register_magic_function(self, func, magic_kind='line', magic_name=None): |
|
2064 | 2073 | self.magics_manager.register_function(func, |
|
2065 | 2074 | magic_kind=magic_kind, magic_name=magic_name) |
|
2066 | 2075 | |
|
2067 | 2076 | def run_line_magic(self, magic_name, line): |
|
2068 | 2077 | """Execute the given line magic. |
|
2069 | 2078 | |
|
2070 | 2079 | Parameters |
|
2071 | 2080 | ---------- |
|
2072 | 2081 | magic_name : str |
|
2073 | 2082 | Name of the desired magic function, without '%' prefix. |
|
2074 | 2083 | |
|
2075 | 2084 | line : str |
|
2076 | 2085 | The rest of the input line as a single string. |
|
2077 | 2086 | """ |
|
2078 | 2087 | fn = self.find_line_magic(magic_name) |
|
2079 | 2088 | if fn is None: |
|
2080 | 2089 | cm = self.find_cell_magic(magic_name) |
|
2081 | 2090 | etpl = "Line magic function `%%%s` not found%s." |
|
2082 | 2091 | extra = '' if cm is None else (' (But cell magic `%%%%%s` exists, ' |
|
2083 | 2092 | 'did you mean that instead?)' % magic_name ) |
|
2084 | 2093 | error(etpl % (magic_name, extra)) |
|
2085 | 2094 | else: |
|
2086 | 2095 | # Note: this is the distance in the stack to the user's frame. |
|
2087 | 2096 | # This will need to be updated if the internal calling logic gets |
|
2088 | 2097 | # refactored, or else we'll be expanding the wrong variables. |
|
2089 | 2098 | stack_depth = 2 |
|
2090 | 2099 | magic_arg_s = self.var_expand(line, stack_depth) |
|
2091 | 2100 | # Put magic args in a list so we can call with f(*a) syntax |
|
2092 | 2101 | args = [magic_arg_s] |
|
2093 | 2102 | kwargs = {} |
|
2094 | 2103 | # Grab local namespace if we need it: |
|
2095 | 2104 | if getattr(fn, "needs_local_scope", False): |
|
2096 | 2105 | kwargs['local_ns'] = sys._getframe(stack_depth).f_locals |
|
2097 | 2106 | with self.builtin_trap: |
|
2098 | 2107 | result = fn(*args,**kwargs) |
|
2099 | 2108 | return result |
|
2100 | 2109 | |
|
2101 | 2110 | def run_cell_magic(self, magic_name, line, cell): |
|
2102 | 2111 | """Execute the given cell magic. |
|
2103 | 2112 | |
|
2104 | 2113 | Parameters |
|
2105 | 2114 | ---------- |
|
2106 | 2115 | magic_name : str |
|
2107 | 2116 | Name of the desired magic function, without '%' prefix. |
|
2108 | 2117 | |
|
2109 | 2118 | line : str |
|
2110 | 2119 | The rest of the first input line as a single string. |
|
2111 | 2120 | |
|
2112 | 2121 | cell : str |
|
2113 | 2122 | The body of the cell as a (possibly multiline) string. |
|
2114 | 2123 | """ |
|
2115 | 2124 | fn = self.find_cell_magic(magic_name) |
|
2116 | 2125 | if fn is None: |
|
2117 | 2126 | lm = self.find_line_magic(magic_name) |
|
2118 | 2127 | etpl = "Cell magic `%%{0}` not found{1}." |
|
2119 | 2128 | extra = '' if lm is None else (' (But line magic `%{0}` exists, ' |
|
2120 | 2129 | 'did you mean that instead?)'.format(magic_name)) |
|
2121 | 2130 | error(etpl.format(magic_name, extra)) |
|
2122 | 2131 | elif cell == '': |
|
2123 | 2132 | message = '%%{0} is a cell magic, but the cell body is empty.'.format(magic_name) |
|
2124 | 2133 | if self.find_line_magic(magic_name) is not None: |
|
2125 | 2134 | message += ' Did you mean the line magic %{0} (single %)?'.format(magic_name) |
|
2126 | 2135 | raise UsageError(message) |
|
2127 | 2136 | else: |
|
2128 | 2137 | # Note: this is the distance in the stack to the user's frame. |
|
2129 | 2138 | # This will need to be updated if the internal calling logic gets |
|
2130 | 2139 | # refactored, or else we'll be expanding the wrong variables. |
|
2131 | 2140 | stack_depth = 2 |
|
2132 | 2141 | magic_arg_s = self.var_expand(line, stack_depth) |
|
2133 | 2142 | with self.builtin_trap: |
|
2134 | 2143 | result = fn(magic_arg_s, cell) |
|
2135 | 2144 | return result |
|
2136 | 2145 | |
|
2137 | 2146 | def find_line_magic(self, magic_name): |
|
2138 | 2147 | """Find and return a line magic by name. |
|
2139 | 2148 | |
|
2140 | 2149 | Returns None if the magic isn't found.""" |
|
2141 | 2150 | return self.magics_manager.magics['line'].get(magic_name) |
|
2142 | 2151 | |
|
2143 | 2152 | def find_cell_magic(self, magic_name): |
|
2144 | 2153 | """Find and return a cell magic by name. |
|
2145 | 2154 | |
|
2146 | 2155 | Returns None if the magic isn't found.""" |
|
2147 | 2156 | return self.magics_manager.magics['cell'].get(magic_name) |
|
2148 | 2157 | |
|
2149 | 2158 | def find_magic(self, magic_name, magic_kind='line'): |
|
2150 | 2159 | """Find and return a magic of the given type by name. |
|
2151 | 2160 | |
|
2152 | 2161 | Returns None if the magic isn't found.""" |
|
2153 | 2162 | return self.magics_manager.magics[magic_kind].get(magic_name) |
|
2154 | 2163 | |
|
2155 | 2164 | def magic(self, arg_s): |
|
2156 | 2165 | """DEPRECATED. Use run_line_magic() instead. |
|
2157 | 2166 | |
|
2158 | 2167 | Call a magic function by name. |
|
2159 | 2168 | |
|
2160 | 2169 | Input: a string containing the name of the magic function to call and |
|
2161 | 2170 | any additional arguments to be passed to the magic. |
|
2162 | 2171 | |
|
2163 | 2172 | magic('name -opt foo bar') is equivalent to typing at the ipython |
|
2164 | 2173 | prompt: |
|
2165 | 2174 | |
|
2166 | 2175 | In[1]: %name -opt foo bar |
|
2167 | 2176 | |
|
2168 | 2177 | To call a magic without arguments, simply use magic('name'). |
|
2169 | 2178 | |
|
2170 | 2179 | This provides a proper Python function to call IPython's magics in any |
|
2171 | 2180 | valid Python code you can type at the interpreter, including loops and |
|
2172 | 2181 | compound statements. |
|
2173 | 2182 | """ |
|
2174 | 2183 | # TODO: should we issue a loud deprecation warning here? |
|
2175 | 2184 | magic_name, _, magic_arg_s = arg_s.partition(' ') |
|
2176 | 2185 | magic_name = magic_name.lstrip(prefilter.ESC_MAGIC) |
|
2177 | 2186 | return self.run_line_magic(magic_name, magic_arg_s) |
|
2178 | 2187 | |
|
2179 | 2188 | #------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
|
2180 | 2189 | # Things related to macros |
|
2181 | 2190 | #------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
|
2182 | 2191 | |
|
2183 | 2192 | def define_macro(self, name, themacro): |
|
2184 | 2193 | """Define a new macro |
|
2185 | 2194 | |
|
2186 | 2195 | Parameters |
|
2187 | 2196 | ---------- |
|
2188 | 2197 | name : str |
|
2189 | 2198 | The name of the macro. |
|
2190 | 2199 | themacro : str or Macro |
|
2191 | 2200 | The action to do upon invoking the macro. If a string, a new |
|
2192 | 2201 | Macro object is created by passing the string to it. |
|
2193 | 2202 | """ |
|
2194 | 2203 | |
|
2195 | 2204 | from IPython.core import macro |
|
2196 | 2205 | |
|
2197 | 2206 | if isinstance(themacro, basestring): |
|
2198 | 2207 | themacro = macro.Macro(themacro) |
|
2199 | 2208 | if not isinstance(themacro, macro.Macro): |
|
2200 | 2209 | raise ValueError('A macro must be a string or a Macro instance.') |
|
2201 | 2210 | self.user_ns[name] = themacro |
|
2202 | 2211 | |
|
2203 | 2212 | #------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
|
2204 | 2213 | # Things related to the running of system commands |
|
2205 | 2214 | #------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
|
2206 | 2215 | |
|
2207 | 2216 | def system_piped(self, cmd): |
|
2208 | 2217 | """Call the given cmd in a subprocess, piping stdout/err |
|
2209 | 2218 | |
|
2210 | 2219 | Parameters |
|
2211 | 2220 | ---------- |
|
2212 | 2221 | cmd : str |
|
2213 | 2222 | Command to execute (can not end in '&', as background processes are |
|
2214 | 2223 | not supported. Should not be a command that expects input |
|
2215 | 2224 | other than simple text. |
|
2216 | 2225 | """ |
|
2217 | 2226 | if cmd.rstrip().endswith('&'): |
|
2218 | 2227 | # this is *far* from a rigorous test |
|
2219 | 2228 | # We do not support backgrounding processes because we either use |
|
2220 | 2229 | # pexpect or pipes to read from. Users can always just call |
|
2221 | 2230 | # os.system() or use ip.system=ip.system_raw |
|
2222 | 2231 | # if they really want a background process. |
|
2223 | 2232 | raise OSError("Background processes not supported.") |
|
2224 | 2233 | |
|
2225 | 2234 | # we explicitly do NOT return the subprocess status code, because |
|
2226 | 2235 | # a non-None value would trigger :func:`sys.displayhook` calls. |
|
2227 | 2236 | # Instead, we store the exit_code in user_ns. |
|
2228 | 2237 | self.user_ns['_exit_code'] = system(self.var_expand(cmd, depth=1)) |
|
2229 | 2238 | |
|
2230 | 2239 | def system_raw(self, cmd): |
|
2231 | 2240 | """Call the given cmd in a subprocess using os.system |
|
2232 | 2241 | |
|
2233 | 2242 | Parameters |
|
2234 | 2243 | ---------- |
|
2235 | 2244 | cmd : str |
|
2236 | 2245 | Command to execute. |
|
2237 | 2246 | """ |
|
2238 | 2247 | cmd = self.var_expand(cmd, depth=1) |
|
2239 | 2248 | # protect os.system from UNC paths on Windows, which it can't handle: |
|
2240 | 2249 | if sys.platform == 'win32': |
|
2241 | 2250 | from IPython.utils._process_win32 import AvoidUNCPath |
|
2242 | 2251 | with AvoidUNCPath() as path: |
|
2243 | 2252 | if path is not None: |
|
2244 | 2253 | cmd = '"pushd %s &&"%s' % (path, cmd) |
|
2245 | 2254 | cmd = py3compat.unicode_to_str(cmd) |
|
2246 | 2255 | ec = os.system(cmd) |
|
2247 | 2256 | else: |
|
2248 | 2257 | cmd = py3compat.unicode_to_str(cmd) |
|
2249 | 2258 | ec = os.system(cmd) |
|
2250 | 2259 | # The high byte is the exit code, the low byte is a signal number |
|
2251 | 2260 | # that we discard for now. See the docs for os.wait() |
|
2252 | 2261 | if ec > 255: |
|
2253 | 2262 | ec >>= 8 |
|
2254 | 2263 | |
|
2255 | 2264 | # We explicitly do NOT return the subprocess status code, because |
|
2256 | 2265 | # a non-None value would trigger :func:`sys.displayhook` calls. |
|
2257 | 2266 | # Instead, we store the exit_code in user_ns. |
|
2258 | 2267 | self.user_ns['_exit_code'] = ec |
|
2259 | 2268 | |
|
2260 | 2269 | # use piped system by default, because it is better behaved |
|
2261 | 2270 | system = system_piped |
|
2262 | 2271 | |
|
2263 | 2272 | def getoutput(self, cmd, split=True, depth=0): |
|
2264 | 2273 | """Get output (possibly including stderr) from a subprocess. |
|
2265 | 2274 | |
|
2266 | 2275 | Parameters |
|
2267 | 2276 | ---------- |
|
2268 | 2277 | cmd : str |
|
2269 | 2278 | Command to execute (can not end in '&', as background processes are |
|
2270 | 2279 | not supported. |
|
2271 | 2280 | split : bool, optional |
|
2272 | 2281 | If True, split the output into an IPython SList. Otherwise, an |
|
2273 | 2282 | IPython LSString is returned. These are objects similar to normal |
|
2274 | 2283 | lists and strings, with a few convenience attributes for easier |
|
2275 | 2284 | manipulation of line-based output. You can use '?' on them for |
|
2276 | 2285 | details. |
|
2277 | 2286 | depth : int, optional |
|
2278 | 2287 | How many frames above the caller are the local variables which should |
|
2279 | 2288 | be expanded in the command string? The default (0) assumes that the |
|
2280 | 2289 | expansion variables are in the stack frame calling this function. |
|
2281 | 2290 | """ |
|
2282 | 2291 | if cmd.rstrip().endswith('&'): |
|
2283 | 2292 | # this is *far* from a rigorous test |
|
2284 | 2293 | raise OSError("Background processes not supported.") |
|
2285 | 2294 | out = getoutput(self.var_expand(cmd, depth=depth+1)) |
|
2286 | 2295 | if split: |
|
2287 | 2296 | out = SList(out.splitlines()) |
|
2288 | 2297 | else: |
|
2289 | 2298 | out = LSString(out) |
|
2290 | 2299 | return out |
|
2291 | 2300 | |
|
2292 | 2301 | #------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
|
2293 | 2302 | # Things related to aliases |
|
2294 | 2303 | #------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
|
2295 | 2304 | |
|
2296 | 2305 | def init_alias(self): |
|
2297 | 2306 | self.alias_manager = AliasManager(shell=self, parent=self) |
|
2298 | 2307 | self.configurables.append(self.alias_manager) |
|
2299 | 2308 | self.ns_table['alias'] = self.alias_manager.alias_table, |
|
2300 | 2309 | |
|
2301 | 2310 | #------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
|
2302 | 2311 | # Things related to extensions |
|
2303 | 2312 | #------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
|
2304 | 2313 | |
|
2305 | 2314 | def init_extension_manager(self): |
|
2306 | 2315 | self.extension_manager = ExtensionManager(shell=self, parent=self) |
|
2307 | 2316 | self.configurables.append(self.extension_manager) |
|
2308 | 2317 | |
|
2309 | 2318 | #------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
|
2310 | 2319 | # Things related to payloads |
|
2311 | 2320 | #------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
|
2312 | 2321 | |
|
2313 | 2322 | def init_payload(self): |
|
2314 | 2323 | self.payload_manager = PayloadManager(parent=self) |
|
2315 | 2324 | self.configurables.append(self.payload_manager) |
|
2316 | 2325 | |
|
2317 | 2326 | #------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
|
2318 | 2327 | # Things related to the prefilter |
|
2319 | 2328 | #------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
|
2320 | 2329 | |
|
2321 | 2330 | def init_prefilter(self): |
|
2322 | 2331 | self.prefilter_manager = PrefilterManager(shell=self, parent=self) |
|
2323 | 2332 | self.configurables.append(self.prefilter_manager) |
|
2324 | 2333 | # Ultimately this will be refactored in the new interpreter code, but |
|
2325 | 2334 | # for now, we should expose the main prefilter method (there's legacy |
|
2326 | 2335 | # code out there that may rely on this). |
|
2327 | 2336 | self.prefilter = self.prefilter_manager.prefilter_lines |
|
2328 | 2337 | |
|
2329 | 2338 | def auto_rewrite_input(self, cmd): |
|
2330 | 2339 | """Print to the screen the rewritten form of the user's command. |
|
2331 | 2340 | |
|
2332 | 2341 | This shows visual feedback by rewriting input lines that cause |
|
2333 | 2342 | automatic calling to kick in, like:: |
|
2334 | 2343 | |
|
2335 | 2344 | /f x |
|
2336 | 2345 | |
|
2337 | 2346 | into:: |
|
2338 | 2347 | |
|
2339 | 2348 | ------> f(x) |
|
2340 | 2349 | |
|
2341 | 2350 | after the user's input prompt. This helps the user understand that the |
|
2342 | 2351 | input line was transformed automatically by IPython. |
|
2343 | 2352 | """ |
|
2344 | 2353 | if not self.show_rewritten_input: |
|
2345 | 2354 | return |
|
2346 | 2355 | |
|
2347 | 2356 | rw = self.prompt_manager.render('rewrite') + cmd |
|
2348 | 2357 | |
|
2349 | 2358 | try: |
|
2350 | 2359 | # plain ascii works better w/ pyreadline, on some machines, so |
|
2351 | 2360 | # we use it and only print uncolored rewrite if we have unicode |
|
2352 | 2361 | rw = str(rw) |
|
2353 | 2362 | print(rw, file=io.stdout) |
|
2354 | 2363 | except UnicodeEncodeError: |
|
2355 | 2364 | print("------> " + cmd) |
|
2356 | 2365 | |
|
2357 | 2366 | #------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
|
2358 | 2367 | # Things related to extracting values/expressions from kernel and user_ns |
|
2359 | 2368 | #------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
|
2360 | 2369 | |
|
2361 | 2370 | def _user_obj_error(self): |
|
2362 | 2371 | """return simple exception dict |
|
2363 | 2372 | |
|
2364 | 2373 | for use in user_variables / expressions |
|
2365 | 2374 | """ |
|
2366 | 2375 | |
|
2367 | 2376 | etype, evalue, tb = self._get_exc_info() |
|
2368 | 2377 | stb = self.InteractiveTB.get_exception_only(etype, evalue) |
|
2369 | 2378 | |
|
2370 | 2379 | exc_info = { |
|
2371 | 2380 | u'status' : 'error', |
|
2372 | 2381 | u'traceback' : stb, |
|
2373 | 2382 | u'ename' : unicode(etype.__name__), |
|
2374 | 2383 | u'evalue' : py3compat.safe_unicode(evalue), |
|
2375 | 2384 | } |
|
2376 | 2385 | |
|
2377 | 2386 | return exc_info |
|
2378 | 2387 | |
|
2379 | 2388 | def _format_user_obj(self, obj): |
|
2380 | 2389 | """format a user object to display dict |
|
2381 | 2390 | |
|
2382 | 2391 | for use in user_expressions / variables |
|
2383 | 2392 | """ |
|
2384 | 2393 | |
|
2385 | 2394 | data, md = self.display_formatter.format(obj) |
|
2386 | 2395 | value = { |
|
2387 | 2396 | 'status' : 'ok', |
|
2388 | 2397 | 'data' : data, |
|
2389 | 2398 | 'metadata' : md, |
|
2390 | 2399 | } |
|
2391 | 2400 | return value |
|
2392 | 2401 | |
|
2393 | 2402 | def user_variables(self, names): |
|
2394 | 2403 | """Get a list of variable names from the user's namespace. |
|
2395 | 2404 | |
|
2396 | 2405 | Parameters |
|
2397 | 2406 | ---------- |
|
2398 | 2407 | names : list of strings |
|
2399 | 2408 | A list of names of variables to be read from the user namespace. |
|
2400 | 2409 | |
|
2401 | 2410 | Returns |
|
2402 | 2411 | ------- |
|
2403 | 2412 | A dict, keyed by the input names and with the rich mime-type repr(s) of each value. |
|
2404 | 2413 | Each element will be a sub-dict of the same form as a display_data message. |
|
2405 | 2414 | """ |
|
2406 | 2415 | out = {} |
|
2407 | 2416 | user_ns = self.user_ns |
|
2408 | 2417 | |
|
2409 | 2418 | for varname in names: |
|
2410 | 2419 | try: |
|
2411 | 2420 | value = self._format_user_obj(user_ns[varname]) |
|
2412 | 2421 | except: |
|
2413 | 2422 | value = self._user_obj_error() |
|
2414 | 2423 | out[varname] = value |
|
2415 | 2424 | return out |
|
2416 | 2425 | |
|
2417 | 2426 | def user_expressions(self, expressions): |
|
2418 | 2427 | """Evaluate a dict of expressions in the user's namespace. |
|
2419 | 2428 | |
|
2420 | 2429 | Parameters |
|
2421 | 2430 | ---------- |
|
2422 | 2431 | expressions : dict |
|
2423 | 2432 | A dict with string keys and string values. The expression values |
|
2424 | 2433 | should be valid Python expressions, each of which will be evaluated |
|
2425 | 2434 | in the user namespace. |
|
2426 | 2435 | |
|
2427 | 2436 | Returns |
|
2428 | 2437 | ------- |
|
2429 | 2438 | A dict, keyed like the input expressions dict, with the rich mime-typed |
|
2430 | 2439 | display_data of each value. |
|
2431 | 2440 | """ |
|
2432 | 2441 | out = {} |
|
2433 | 2442 | user_ns = self.user_ns |
|
2434 | 2443 | global_ns = self.user_global_ns |
|
2435 | 2444 | |
|
2436 | 2445 | for key, expr in expressions.iteritems(): |
|
2437 | 2446 | try: |
|
2438 | 2447 | value = self._format_user_obj(eval(expr, global_ns, user_ns)) |
|
2439 | 2448 | except: |
|
2440 | 2449 | value = self._user_obj_error() |
|
2441 | 2450 | out[key] = value |
|
2442 | 2451 | return out |
|
2443 | 2452 | |
|
2444 | 2453 | #------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
|
2445 | 2454 | # Things related to the running of code |
|
2446 | 2455 | #------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
|
2447 | 2456 | |
|
2448 | 2457 | def ex(self, cmd): |
|
2449 | 2458 | """Execute a normal python statement in user namespace.""" |
|
2450 | 2459 | with self.builtin_trap: |
|
2451 | 2460 | exec cmd in self.user_global_ns, self.user_ns |
|
2452 | 2461 | |
|
2453 | 2462 | def ev(self, expr): |
|
2454 | 2463 | """Evaluate python expression expr in user namespace. |
|
2455 | 2464 | |
|
2456 | 2465 | Returns the result of evaluation |
|
2457 | 2466 | """ |
|
2458 | 2467 | with self.builtin_trap: |
|
2459 | 2468 | return eval(expr, self.user_global_ns, self.user_ns) |
|
2460 | 2469 | |
|
2461 | 2470 | def safe_execfile(self, fname, *where, **kw): |
|
2462 | 2471 | """A safe version of the builtin execfile(). |
|
2463 | 2472 | |
|
2464 | 2473 | This version will never throw an exception, but instead print |
|
2465 | 2474 | helpful error messages to the screen. This only works on pure |
|
2466 | 2475 | Python files with the .py extension. |
|
2467 | 2476 | |
|
2468 | 2477 | Parameters |
|
2469 | 2478 | ---------- |
|
2470 | 2479 | fname : string |
|
2471 | 2480 | The name of the file to be executed. |
|
2472 | 2481 | where : tuple |
|
2473 | 2482 | One or two namespaces, passed to execfile() as (globals,locals). |
|
2474 | 2483 | If only one is given, it is passed as both. |
|
2475 | 2484 | exit_ignore : bool (False) |
|
2476 | 2485 | If True, then silence SystemExit for non-zero status (it is always |
|
2477 | 2486 | silenced for zero status, as it is so common). |
|
2478 | 2487 | raise_exceptions : bool (False) |
|
2479 | 2488 | If True raise exceptions everywhere. Meant for testing. |
|
2480 | 2489 | |
|
2481 | 2490 | """ |
|
2482 | 2491 | kw.setdefault('exit_ignore', False) |
|
2483 | 2492 | kw.setdefault('raise_exceptions', False) |
|
2484 | 2493 | |
|
2485 | 2494 | fname = os.path.abspath(os.path.expanduser(fname)) |
|
2486 | 2495 | |
|
2487 | 2496 | # Make sure we can open the file |
|
2488 | 2497 | try: |
|
2489 | 2498 | with open(fname) as thefile: |
|
2490 | 2499 | pass |
|
2491 | 2500 | except: |
|
2492 | 2501 | warn('Could not open file <%s> for safe execution.' % fname) |
|
2493 | 2502 | return |
|
2494 | 2503 | |
|
2495 | 2504 | # Find things also in current directory. This is needed to mimic the |
|
2496 | 2505 | # behavior of running a script from the system command line, where |
|
2497 | 2506 | # Python inserts the script's directory into sys.path |
|
2498 | 2507 | dname = os.path.dirname(fname) |
|
2499 | 2508 | |
|
2500 | 2509 | with prepended_to_syspath(dname): |
|
2501 | 2510 | try: |
|
2502 | 2511 | py3compat.execfile(fname,*where) |
|
2503 | 2512 | except SystemExit as status: |
|
2504 | 2513 | # If the call was made with 0 or None exit status (sys.exit(0) |
|
2505 | 2514 | # or sys.exit() ), don't bother showing a traceback, as both of |
|
2506 | 2515 | # these are considered normal by the OS: |
|
2507 | 2516 | # > python -c'import sys;sys.exit(0)'; echo $? |
|
2508 | 2517 | # 0 |
|
2509 | 2518 | # > python -c'import sys;sys.exit()'; echo $? |
|
2510 | 2519 | # 0 |
|
2511 | 2520 | # For other exit status, we show the exception unless |
|
2512 | 2521 | # explicitly silenced, but only in short form. |
|
2513 | 2522 | if kw['raise_exceptions']: |
|
2514 | 2523 | raise |
|
2515 | 2524 | if status.code and not kw['exit_ignore']: |
|
2516 | 2525 | self.showtraceback(exception_only=True) |
|
2517 | 2526 | except: |
|
2518 | 2527 | if kw['raise_exceptions']: |
|
2519 | 2528 | raise |
|
2520 | 2529 | self.showtraceback() |
|
2521 | 2530 | |
|
2522 | 2531 | def safe_execfile_ipy(self, fname): |
|
2523 | 2532 | """Like safe_execfile, but for .ipy files with IPython syntax. |
|
2524 | 2533 | |
|
2525 | 2534 | Parameters |
|
2526 | 2535 | ---------- |
|
2527 | 2536 | fname : str |
|
2528 | 2537 | The name of the file to execute. The filename must have a |
|
2529 | 2538 | .ipy extension. |
|
2530 | 2539 | """ |
|
2531 | 2540 | fname = os.path.abspath(os.path.expanduser(fname)) |
|
2532 | 2541 | |
|
2533 | 2542 | # Make sure we can open the file |
|
2534 | 2543 | try: |
|
2535 | 2544 | with open(fname) as thefile: |
|
2536 | 2545 | pass |
|
2537 | 2546 | except: |
|
2538 | 2547 | warn('Could not open file <%s> for safe execution.' % fname) |
|
2539 | 2548 | return |
|
2540 | 2549 | |
|
2541 | 2550 | # Find things also in current directory. This is needed to mimic the |
|
2542 | 2551 | # behavior of running a script from the system command line, where |
|
2543 | 2552 | # Python inserts the script's directory into sys.path |
|
2544 | 2553 | dname = os.path.dirname(fname) |
|
2545 | 2554 | |
|
2546 | 2555 | with prepended_to_syspath(dname): |
|
2547 | 2556 | try: |
|
2548 | 2557 | with open(fname) as thefile: |
|
2549 | 2558 | # self.run_cell currently captures all exceptions |
|
2550 | 2559 | # raised in user code. It would be nice if there were |
|
2551 | 2560 | # versions of runlines, execfile that did raise, so |
|
2552 | 2561 | # we could catch the errors. |
|
2553 | 2562 | self.run_cell(thefile.read(), store_history=False, shell_futures=False) |
|
2554 | 2563 | except: |
|
2555 | 2564 | self.showtraceback() |
|
2556 | 2565 | warn('Unknown failure executing file: <%s>' % fname) |
|
2557 | 2566 | |
|
2558 | 2567 | def safe_run_module(self, mod_name, where): |
|
2559 | 2568 | """A safe version of runpy.run_module(). |
|
2560 | 2569 | |
|
2561 | 2570 | This version will never throw an exception, but instead print |
|
2562 | 2571 | helpful error messages to the screen. |
|
2563 | 2572 | |
|
2564 | 2573 | `SystemExit` exceptions with status code 0 or None are ignored. |
|
2565 | 2574 | |
|
2566 | 2575 | Parameters |
|
2567 | 2576 | ---------- |
|
2568 | 2577 | mod_name : string |
|
2569 | 2578 | The name of the module to be executed. |
|
2570 | 2579 | where : dict |
|
2571 | 2580 | The globals namespace. |
|
2572 | 2581 | """ |
|
2573 | 2582 | try: |
|
2574 | 2583 | try: |
|
2575 | 2584 | where.update( |
|
2576 | 2585 | runpy.run_module(str(mod_name), run_name="__main__", |
|
2577 | 2586 | alter_sys=True) |
|
2578 | 2587 | ) |
|
2579 | 2588 | except SystemExit as status: |
|
2580 | 2589 | if status.code: |
|
2581 | 2590 | raise |
|
2582 | 2591 | except: |
|
2583 | 2592 | self.showtraceback() |
|
2584 | 2593 | warn('Unknown failure executing module: <%s>' % mod_name) |
|
2585 | 2594 | |
|
2586 | 2595 | def _run_cached_cell_magic(self, magic_name, line): |
|
2587 | 2596 | """Special method to call a cell magic with the data stored in self. |
|
2588 | 2597 | """ |
|
2589 | 2598 | cell = self._current_cell_magic_body |
|
2590 | 2599 | self._current_cell_magic_body = None |
|
2591 | 2600 | return self.run_cell_magic(magic_name, line, cell) |
|
2592 | 2601 | |
|
2593 | 2602 | def run_cell(self, raw_cell, store_history=False, silent=False, shell_futures=True): |
|
2594 | 2603 | """Run a complete IPython cell. |
|
2595 | 2604 | |
|
2596 | 2605 | Parameters |
|
2597 | 2606 | ---------- |
|
2598 | 2607 | raw_cell : str |
|
2599 | 2608 | The code (including IPython code such as %magic functions) to run. |
|
2600 | 2609 | store_history : bool |
|
2601 | 2610 | If True, the raw and translated cell will be stored in IPython's |
|
2602 | 2611 | history. For user code calling back into IPython's machinery, this |
|
2603 | 2612 | should be set to False. |
|
2604 | 2613 | silent : bool |
|
2605 | 2614 | If True, avoid side-effects, such as implicit displayhooks and |
|
2606 | 2615 | and logging. silent=True forces store_history=False. |
|
2607 | 2616 | shell_futures : bool |
|
2608 | 2617 | If True, the code will share future statements with the interactive |
|
2609 | 2618 | shell. It will both be affected by previous __future__ imports, and |
|
2610 | 2619 | any __future__ imports in the code will affect the shell. If False, |
|
2611 | 2620 | __future__ imports are not shared in either direction. |
|
2612 | 2621 | """ |
|
2613 | 2622 | if (not raw_cell) or raw_cell.isspace(): |
|
2614 | 2623 | return |
|
2615 | 2624 | |
|
2616 | 2625 | if silent: |
|
2617 | 2626 | store_history = False |
|
2618 | 2627 | |
|
2619 | 2628 | self.input_transformer_manager.push(raw_cell) |
|
2620 | 2629 | cell = self.input_transformer_manager.source_reset() |
|
2621 | 2630 | |
|
2622 | 2631 | # Our own compiler remembers the __future__ environment. If we want to |
|
2623 | 2632 | # run code with a separate __future__ environment, use the default |
|
2624 | 2633 | # compiler |
|
2625 | 2634 | compiler = self.compile if shell_futures else CachingCompiler() |
|
2626 | 2635 | |
|
2627 | 2636 | with self.builtin_trap: |
|
2628 | 2637 | prefilter_failed = False |
|
2629 | 2638 | if len(cell.splitlines()) == 1: |
|
2630 | 2639 | try: |
|
2631 | 2640 | # use prefilter_lines to handle trailing newlines |
|
2632 | 2641 | # restore trailing newline for ast.parse |
|
2633 | 2642 | cell = self.prefilter_manager.prefilter_lines(cell) + '\n' |
|
2634 | 2643 | except AliasError as e: |
|
2635 | 2644 | error(e) |
|
2636 | 2645 | prefilter_failed = True |
|
2637 | 2646 | except Exception: |
|
2638 | 2647 | # don't allow prefilter errors to crash IPython |
|
2639 | 2648 | self.showtraceback() |
|
2640 | 2649 | prefilter_failed = True |
|
2641 | 2650 | |
|
2642 | 2651 | # Store raw and processed history |
|
2643 | 2652 | if store_history: |
|
2644 | 2653 | self.history_manager.store_inputs(self.execution_count, |
|
2645 | 2654 | cell, raw_cell) |
|
2646 | 2655 | if not silent: |
|
2647 | 2656 | self.logger.log(cell, raw_cell) |
|
2648 | 2657 | |
|
2649 | 2658 | if not prefilter_failed: |
|
2650 | 2659 | # don't run if prefilter failed |
|
2651 | 2660 | cell_name = self.compile.cache(cell, self.execution_count) |
|
2652 | 2661 | |
|
2653 | 2662 | with self.display_trap: |
|
2654 | 2663 | try: |
|
2655 | 2664 | code_ast = compiler.ast_parse(cell, filename=cell_name) |
|
2656 | 2665 | except IndentationError: |
|
2657 | 2666 | self.showindentationerror() |
|
2658 | 2667 | if store_history: |
|
2659 | 2668 | self.execution_count += 1 |
|
2660 | 2669 | return None |
|
2661 | 2670 | except (OverflowError, SyntaxError, ValueError, TypeError, |
|
2662 | 2671 | MemoryError): |
|
2663 | 2672 | self.showsyntaxerror() |
|
2664 | 2673 | if store_history: |
|
2665 | 2674 | self.execution_count += 1 |
|
2666 | 2675 | return None |
|
2667 | 2676 | |
|
2668 | 2677 | code_ast = self.transform_ast(code_ast) |
|
2669 | 2678 | |
|
2670 | 2679 | interactivity = "none" if silent else self.ast_node_interactivity |
|
2671 | 2680 | self.run_ast_nodes(code_ast.body, cell_name, |
|
2672 | 2681 | interactivity=interactivity, compiler=compiler) |
|
2673 | 2682 | |
|
2674 | 2683 | # Execute any registered post-execution functions. |
|
2675 | 2684 | # unless we are silent |
|
2676 | 2685 | post_exec = [] if silent else self._post_execute.iteritems() |
|
2677 | 2686 | |
|
2678 | 2687 | for func, status in post_exec: |
|
2679 | 2688 | if self.disable_failing_post_execute and not status: |
|
2680 | 2689 | continue |
|
2681 | 2690 | try: |
|
2682 | 2691 | func() |
|
2683 | 2692 | except KeyboardInterrupt: |
|
2684 | 2693 | print("\nKeyboardInterrupt", file=io.stderr) |
|
2685 | 2694 | except Exception: |
|
2686 | 2695 | # register as failing: |
|
2687 | 2696 | self._post_execute[func] = False |
|
2688 | 2697 | self.showtraceback() |
|
2689 | 2698 | print('\n'.join([ |
|
2690 | 2699 | "post-execution function %r produced an error." % func, |
|
2691 | 2700 | "If this problem persists, you can disable failing post-exec functions with:", |
|
2692 | 2701 | "", |
|
2693 | 2702 | " get_ipython().disable_failing_post_execute = True" |
|
2694 | 2703 | ]), file=io.stderr) |
|
2695 | 2704 | |
|
2696 | 2705 | if store_history: |
|
2697 | 2706 | # Write output to the database. Does nothing unless |
|
2698 | 2707 | # history output logging is enabled. |
|
2699 | 2708 | self.history_manager.store_output(self.execution_count) |
|
2700 | 2709 | # Each cell is a *single* input, regardless of how many lines it has |
|
2701 | 2710 | self.execution_count += 1 |
|
2702 | 2711 | |
|
2703 | 2712 | def transform_ast(self, node): |
|
2704 | 2713 | """Apply the AST transformations from self.ast_transformers |
|
2705 | 2714 | |
|
2706 | 2715 | Parameters |
|
2707 | 2716 | ---------- |
|
2708 | 2717 | node : ast.Node |
|
2709 | 2718 | The root node to be transformed. Typically called with the ast.Module |
|
2710 | 2719 | produced by parsing user input. |
|
2711 | 2720 | |
|
2712 | 2721 | Returns |
|
2713 | 2722 | ------- |
|
2714 | 2723 | An ast.Node corresponding to the node it was called with. Note that it |
|
2715 | 2724 | may also modify the passed object, so don't rely on references to the |
|
2716 | 2725 | original AST. |
|
2717 | 2726 | """ |
|
2718 | 2727 | for transformer in self.ast_transformers: |
|
2719 | 2728 | try: |
|
2720 | 2729 | node = transformer.visit(node) |
|
2721 | 2730 | except Exception: |
|
2722 | 2731 | warn("AST transformer %r threw an error. It will be unregistered." % transformer) |
|
2723 | 2732 | self.ast_transformers.remove(transformer) |
|
2724 | 2733 | |
|
2725 | 2734 | if self.ast_transformers: |
|
2726 | 2735 | ast.fix_missing_locations(node) |
|
2727 | 2736 | return node |
|
2728 | 2737 | |
|
2729 | 2738 | |
|
2730 | 2739 | def run_ast_nodes(self, nodelist, cell_name, interactivity='last_expr', |
|
2731 | 2740 | compiler=compile): |
|
2732 | 2741 | """Run a sequence of AST nodes. The execution mode depends on the |
|
2733 | 2742 | interactivity parameter. |
|
2734 | 2743 | |
|
2735 | 2744 | Parameters |
|
2736 | 2745 | ---------- |
|
2737 | 2746 | nodelist : list |
|
2738 | 2747 | A sequence of AST nodes to run. |
|
2739 | 2748 | cell_name : str |
|
2740 | 2749 | Will be passed to the compiler as the filename of the cell. Typically |
|
2741 | 2750 | the value returned by ip.compile.cache(cell). |
|
2742 | 2751 | interactivity : str |
|
2743 | 2752 | 'all', 'last', 'last_expr' or 'none', specifying which nodes should be |
|
2744 | 2753 | run interactively (displaying output from expressions). 'last_expr' |
|
2745 | 2754 | will run the last node interactively only if it is an expression (i.e. |
|
2746 | 2755 | expressions in loops or other blocks are not displayed. Other values |
|
2747 | 2756 | for this parameter will raise a ValueError. |
|
2748 | 2757 | compiler : callable |
|
2749 | 2758 | A function with the same interface as the built-in compile(), to turn |
|
2750 | 2759 | the AST nodes into code objects. Default is the built-in compile(). |
|
2751 | 2760 | """ |
|
2752 | 2761 | if not nodelist: |
|
2753 | 2762 | return |
|
2754 | 2763 | |
|
2755 | 2764 | if interactivity == 'last_expr': |
|
2756 | 2765 | if isinstance(nodelist[-1], ast.Expr): |
|
2757 | 2766 | interactivity = "last" |
|
2758 | 2767 | else: |
|
2759 | 2768 | interactivity = "none" |
|
2760 | 2769 | |
|
2761 | 2770 | if interactivity == 'none': |
|
2762 | 2771 | to_run_exec, to_run_interactive = nodelist, [] |
|
2763 | 2772 | elif interactivity == 'last': |
|
2764 | 2773 | to_run_exec, to_run_interactive = nodelist[:-1], nodelist[-1:] |
|
2765 | 2774 | elif interactivity == 'all': |
|
2766 | 2775 | to_run_exec, to_run_interactive = [], nodelist |
|
2767 | 2776 | else: |
|
2768 | 2777 | raise ValueError("Interactivity was %r" % interactivity) |
|
2769 | 2778 | |
|
2770 | 2779 | exec_count = self.execution_count |
|
2771 | 2780 | |
|
2772 | 2781 | try: |
|
2773 | 2782 | for i, node in enumerate(to_run_exec): |
|
2774 | 2783 | mod = ast.Module([node]) |
|
2775 | 2784 | code = compiler(mod, cell_name, "exec") |
|
2776 | 2785 | if self.run_code(code): |
|
2777 | 2786 | return True |
|
2778 | 2787 | |
|
2779 | 2788 | for i, node in enumerate(to_run_interactive): |
|
2780 | 2789 | mod = ast.Interactive([node]) |
|
2781 | 2790 | code = compiler(mod, cell_name, "single") |
|
2782 | 2791 | if self.run_code(code): |
|
2783 | 2792 | return True |
|
2784 | 2793 | |
|
2785 | 2794 | # Flush softspace |
|
2786 | 2795 | if softspace(sys.stdout, 0): |
|
2787 | 2796 | print() |
|
2788 | 2797 | |
|
2789 | 2798 | except: |
|
2790 | 2799 | # It's possible to have exceptions raised here, typically by |
|
2791 | 2800 | # compilation of odd code (such as a naked 'return' outside a |
|
2792 | 2801 | # function) that did parse but isn't valid. Typically the exception |
|
2793 | 2802 | # is a SyntaxError, but it's safest just to catch anything and show |
|
2794 | 2803 | # the user a traceback. |
|
2795 | 2804 | |
|
2796 | 2805 | # We do only one try/except outside the loop to minimize the impact |
|
2797 | 2806 | # on runtime, and also because if any node in the node list is |
|
2798 | 2807 | # broken, we should stop execution completely. |
|
2799 | 2808 | self.showtraceback() |
|
2800 | 2809 | |
|
2801 | 2810 | return False |
|
2802 | 2811 | |
|
2803 | 2812 | def run_code(self, code_obj): |
|
2804 | 2813 | """Execute a code object. |
|
2805 | 2814 | |
|
2806 | 2815 | When an exception occurs, self.showtraceback() is called to display a |
|
2807 | 2816 | traceback. |
|
2808 | 2817 | |
|
2809 | 2818 | Parameters |
|
2810 | 2819 | ---------- |
|
2811 | 2820 | code_obj : code object |
|
2812 | 2821 | A compiled code object, to be executed |
|
2813 | 2822 | |
|
2814 | 2823 | Returns |
|
2815 | 2824 | ------- |
|
2816 | 2825 | False : successful execution. |
|
2817 | 2826 | True : an error occurred. |
|
2818 | 2827 | """ |
|
2819 | 2828 | |
|
2820 | 2829 | # Set our own excepthook in case the user code tries to call it |
|
2821 | 2830 | # directly, so that the IPython crash handler doesn't get triggered |
|
2822 | 2831 | old_excepthook,sys.excepthook = sys.excepthook, self.excepthook |
|
2823 | 2832 | |
|
2824 | 2833 | # we save the original sys.excepthook in the instance, in case config |
|
2825 | 2834 | # code (such as magics) needs access to it. |
|
2826 | 2835 | self.sys_excepthook = old_excepthook |
|
2827 | 2836 | outflag = 1 # happens in more places, so it's easier as default |
|
2828 | 2837 | try: |
|
2829 | 2838 | try: |
|
2830 | 2839 | self.hooks.pre_run_code_hook() |
|
2831 | 2840 | #rprint('Running code', repr(code_obj)) # dbg |
|
2832 | 2841 | exec code_obj in self.user_global_ns, self.user_ns |
|
2833 | 2842 | finally: |
|
2834 | 2843 | # Reset our crash handler in place |
|
2835 | 2844 | sys.excepthook = old_excepthook |
|
2836 | 2845 | except SystemExit: |
|
2837 | 2846 | self.showtraceback(exception_only=True) |
|
2838 | 2847 | warn("To exit: use 'exit', 'quit', or Ctrl-D.", level=1) |
|
2839 | 2848 | except self.custom_exceptions: |
|
2840 | 2849 | etype,value,tb = sys.exc_info() |
|
2841 | 2850 | self.CustomTB(etype,value,tb) |
|
2842 | 2851 | except: |
|
2843 | 2852 | self.showtraceback() |
|
2844 | 2853 | else: |
|
2845 | 2854 | outflag = 0 |
|
2846 | 2855 | return outflag |
|
2847 | 2856 | |
|
2848 | 2857 | # For backwards compatibility |
|
2849 | 2858 | runcode = run_code |
|
2850 | 2859 | |
|
2851 | 2860 | #------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
|
2852 | 2861 | # Things related to GUI support and pylab |
|
2853 | 2862 | #------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
|
2854 | 2863 | |
|
2855 | 2864 | def enable_gui(self, gui=None): |
|
2856 | 2865 | raise NotImplementedError('Implement enable_gui in a subclass') |
|
2857 | 2866 | |
|
2858 | 2867 | def enable_matplotlib(self, gui=None): |
|
2859 | 2868 | """Enable interactive matplotlib and inline figure support. |
|
2860 | 2869 | |
|
2861 | 2870 | This takes the following steps: |
|
2862 | 2871 | |
|
2863 | 2872 | 1. select the appropriate eventloop and matplotlib backend |
|
2864 | 2873 | 2. set up matplotlib for interactive use with that backend |
|
2865 | 2874 | 3. configure formatters for inline figure display |
|
2866 | 2875 | 4. enable the selected gui eventloop |
|
2867 | 2876 | |
|
2868 | 2877 | Parameters |
|
2869 | 2878 | ---------- |
|
2870 | 2879 | gui : optional, string |
|
2871 | 2880 | If given, dictates the choice of matplotlib GUI backend to use |
|
2872 | 2881 | (should be one of IPython's supported backends, 'qt', 'osx', 'tk', |
|
2873 | 2882 | 'gtk', 'wx' or 'inline'), otherwise we use the default chosen by |
|
2874 | 2883 | matplotlib (as dictated by the matplotlib build-time options plus the |
|
2875 | 2884 | user's matplotlibrc configuration file). Note that not all backends |
|
2876 | 2885 | make sense in all contexts, for example a terminal ipython can't |
|
2877 | 2886 | display figures inline. |
|
2878 | 2887 | """ |
|
2879 | 2888 | from IPython.core import pylabtools as pt |
|
2880 | 2889 | gui, backend = pt.find_gui_and_backend(gui, self.pylab_gui_select) |
|
2881 | 2890 | |
|
2882 | 2891 | if gui != 'inline': |
|
2883 | 2892 | # If we have our first gui selection, store it |
|
2884 | 2893 | if self.pylab_gui_select is None: |
|
2885 | 2894 | self.pylab_gui_select = gui |
|
2886 | 2895 | # Otherwise if they are different |
|
2887 | 2896 | elif gui != self.pylab_gui_select: |
|
2888 | 2897 | print ('Warning: Cannot change to a different GUI toolkit: %s.' |
|
2889 | 2898 | ' Using %s instead.' % (gui, self.pylab_gui_select)) |
|
2890 | 2899 | gui, backend = pt.find_gui_and_backend(self.pylab_gui_select) |
|
2891 | 2900 | |
|
2892 | 2901 | pt.activate_matplotlib(backend) |
|
2893 | 2902 | pt.configure_inline_support(self, backend) |
|
2894 | 2903 | |
|
2895 | 2904 | # Now we must activate the gui pylab wants to use, and fix %run to take |
|
2896 | 2905 | # plot updates into account |
|
2897 | 2906 | self.enable_gui(gui) |
|
2898 | 2907 | self.magics_manager.registry['ExecutionMagics'].default_runner = \ |
|
2899 | 2908 | pt.mpl_runner(self.safe_execfile) |
|
2900 | 2909 | |
|
2901 | 2910 | return gui, backend |
|
2902 | 2911 | |
|
2903 | 2912 | def enable_pylab(self, gui=None, import_all=True, welcome_message=False): |
|
2904 | 2913 | """Activate pylab support at runtime. |
|
2905 | 2914 | |
|
2906 | 2915 | This turns on support for matplotlib, preloads into the interactive |
|
2907 | 2916 | namespace all of numpy and pylab, and configures IPython to correctly |
|
2908 | 2917 | interact with the GUI event loop. The GUI backend to be used can be |
|
2909 | 2918 | optionally selected with the optional ``gui`` argument. |
|
2910 | 2919 | |
|
2911 | 2920 | This method only adds preloading the namespace to InteractiveShell.enable_matplotlib. |
|
2912 | 2921 | |
|
2913 | 2922 | Parameters |
|
2914 | 2923 | ---------- |
|
2915 | 2924 | gui : optional, string |
|
2916 | 2925 | If given, dictates the choice of matplotlib GUI backend to use |
|
2917 | 2926 | (should be one of IPython's supported backends, 'qt', 'osx', 'tk', |
|
2918 | 2927 | 'gtk', 'wx' or 'inline'), otherwise we use the default chosen by |
|
2919 | 2928 | matplotlib (as dictated by the matplotlib build-time options plus the |
|
2920 | 2929 | user's matplotlibrc configuration file). Note that not all backends |
|
2921 | 2930 | make sense in all contexts, for example a terminal ipython can't |
|
2922 | 2931 | display figures inline. |
|
2923 | 2932 | import_all : optional, bool, default: True |
|
2924 | 2933 | Whether to do `from numpy import *` and `from pylab import *` |
|
2925 | 2934 | in addition to module imports. |
|
2926 | 2935 | welcome_message : deprecated |
|
2927 | 2936 | This argument is ignored, no welcome message will be displayed. |
|
2928 | 2937 | """ |
|
2929 | 2938 | from IPython.core.pylabtools import import_pylab |
|
2930 | 2939 | |
|
2931 | 2940 | gui, backend = self.enable_matplotlib(gui) |
|
2932 | 2941 | |
|
2933 | 2942 | # We want to prevent the loading of pylab to pollute the user's |
|
2934 | 2943 | # namespace as shown by the %who* magics, so we execute the activation |
|
2935 | 2944 | # code in an empty namespace, and we update *both* user_ns and |
|
2936 | 2945 | # user_ns_hidden with this information. |
|
2937 | 2946 | ns = {} |
|
2938 | 2947 | import_pylab(ns, import_all) |
|
2939 | 2948 | # warn about clobbered names |
|
2940 | 2949 | ignored = set(["__builtins__"]) |
|
2941 | 2950 | both = set(ns).intersection(self.user_ns).difference(ignored) |
|
2942 | 2951 | clobbered = [ name for name in both if self.user_ns[name] is not ns[name] ] |
|
2943 | 2952 | self.user_ns.update(ns) |
|
2944 | 2953 | self.user_ns_hidden.update(ns) |
|
2945 | 2954 | return gui, backend, clobbered |
|
2946 | 2955 | |
|
2947 | 2956 | #------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
|
2948 | 2957 | # Utilities |
|
2949 | 2958 | #------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
|
2950 | 2959 | |
|
2951 | 2960 | def var_expand(self, cmd, depth=0, formatter=DollarFormatter()): |
|
2952 | 2961 | """Expand python variables in a string. |
|
2953 | 2962 | |
|
2954 | 2963 | The depth argument indicates how many frames above the caller should |
|
2955 | 2964 | be walked to look for the local namespace where to expand variables. |
|
2956 | 2965 | |
|
2957 | 2966 | The global namespace for expansion is always the user's interactive |
|
2958 | 2967 | namespace. |
|
2959 | 2968 | """ |
|
2960 | 2969 | ns = self.user_ns.copy() |
|
2961 | 2970 | ns.update(sys._getframe(depth+1).f_locals) |
|
2962 | 2971 | try: |
|
2963 | 2972 | # We have to use .vformat() here, because 'self' is a valid and common |
|
2964 | 2973 | # name, and expanding **ns for .format() would make it collide with |
|
2965 | 2974 | # the 'self' argument of the method. |
|
2966 | 2975 | cmd = formatter.vformat(cmd, args=[], kwargs=ns) |
|
2967 | 2976 | except Exception: |
|
2968 | 2977 | # if formatter couldn't format, just let it go untransformed |
|
2969 | 2978 | pass |
|
2970 | 2979 | return cmd |
|
2971 | 2980 | |
|
2972 | 2981 | def mktempfile(self, data=None, prefix='ipython_edit_'): |
|
2973 | 2982 | """Make a new tempfile and return its filename. |
|
2974 | 2983 | |
|
2975 | 2984 | This makes a call to tempfile.mktemp, but it registers the created |
|
2976 | 2985 | filename internally so ipython cleans it up at exit time. |
|
2977 | 2986 | |
|
2978 | 2987 | Optional inputs: |
|
2979 | 2988 | |
|
2980 | 2989 | - data(None): if data is given, it gets written out to the temp file |
|
2981 | 2990 | immediately, and the file is closed again.""" |
|
2982 | 2991 | |
|
2983 | 2992 | filename = tempfile.mktemp('.py', prefix) |
|
2984 | 2993 | self.tempfiles.append(filename) |
|
2985 | 2994 | |
|
2986 | 2995 | if data: |
|
2987 | 2996 | tmp_file = open(filename,'w') |
|
2988 | 2997 | tmp_file.write(data) |
|
2989 | 2998 | tmp_file.close() |
|
2990 | 2999 | return filename |
|
2991 | 3000 | |
|
2992 | 3001 | # TODO: This should be removed when Term is refactored. |
|
2993 | 3002 | def write(self,data): |
|
2994 | 3003 | """Write a string to the default output""" |
|
2995 | 3004 | io.stdout.write(data) |
|
2996 | 3005 | |
|
2997 | 3006 | # TODO: This should be removed when Term is refactored. |
|
2998 | 3007 | def write_err(self,data): |
|
2999 | 3008 | """Write a string to the default error output""" |
|
3000 | 3009 | io.stderr.write(data) |
|
3001 | 3010 | |
|
3002 | 3011 | def ask_yes_no(self, prompt, default=None): |
|
3003 | 3012 | if self.quiet: |
|
3004 | 3013 | return True |
|
3005 | 3014 | return ask_yes_no(prompt,default) |
|
3006 | 3015 | |
|
3007 | 3016 | def show_usage(self): |
|
3008 | 3017 | """Show a usage message""" |
|
3009 | 3018 | page.page(IPython.core.usage.interactive_usage) |
|
3010 | 3019 | |
|
3011 | 3020 | def extract_input_lines(self, range_str, raw=False): |
|
3012 | 3021 | """Return as a string a set of input history slices. |
|
3013 | 3022 | |
|
3014 | 3023 | Parameters |
|
3015 | 3024 | ---------- |
|
3016 | 3025 | range_str : string |
|
3017 | 3026 | The set of slices is given as a string, like "~5/6-~4/2 4:8 9", |
|
3018 | 3027 | since this function is for use by magic functions which get their |
|
3019 | 3028 | arguments as strings. The number before the / is the session |
|
3020 | 3029 | number: ~n goes n back from the current session. |
|
3021 | 3030 | |
|
3022 | 3031 | Optional Parameters: |
|
3023 | 3032 | - raw(False): by default, the processed input is used. If this is |
|
3024 | 3033 | true, the raw input history is used instead. |
|
3025 | 3034 | |
|
3026 | 3035 | Note that slices can be called with two notations: |
|
3027 | 3036 | |
|
3028 | 3037 | N:M -> standard python form, means including items N...(M-1). |
|
3029 | 3038 | |
|
3030 | 3039 | N-M -> include items N..M (closed endpoint).""" |
|
3031 | 3040 | lines = self.history_manager.get_range_by_str(range_str, raw=raw) |
|
3032 | 3041 | return "\n".join(x for _, _, x in lines) |
|
3033 | 3042 | |
|
3034 | 3043 | def find_user_code(self, target, raw=True, py_only=False, skip_encoding_cookie=True): |
|
3035 | 3044 | """Get a code string from history, file, url, or a string or macro. |
|
3036 | 3045 | |
|
3037 | 3046 | This is mainly used by magic functions. |
|
3038 | 3047 | |
|
3039 | 3048 | Parameters |
|
3040 | 3049 | ---------- |
|
3041 | 3050 | |
|
3042 | 3051 | target : str |
|
3043 | 3052 | |
|
3044 | 3053 | A string specifying code to retrieve. This will be tried respectively |
|
3045 | 3054 | as: ranges of input history (see %history for syntax), url, |
|
3046 | 3055 | correspnding .py file, filename, or an expression evaluating to a |
|
3047 | 3056 | string or Macro in the user namespace. |
|
3048 | 3057 | |
|
3049 | 3058 | raw : bool |
|
3050 | 3059 | If true (default), retrieve raw history. Has no effect on the other |
|
3051 | 3060 | retrieval mechanisms. |
|
3052 | 3061 | |
|
3053 | 3062 | py_only : bool (default False) |
|
3054 | 3063 | Only try to fetch python code, do not try alternative methods to decode file |
|
3055 | 3064 | if unicode fails. |
|
3056 | 3065 | |
|
3057 | 3066 | Returns |
|
3058 | 3067 | ------- |
|
3059 | 3068 | A string of code. |
|
3060 | 3069 | |
|
3061 | 3070 | ValueError is raised if nothing is found, and TypeError if it evaluates |
|
3062 | 3071 | to an object of another type. In each case, .args[0] is a printable |
|
3063 | 3072 | message. |
|
3064 | 3073 | """ |
|
3065 | 3074 | code = self.extract_input_lines(target, raw=raw) # Grab history |
|
3066 | 3075 | if code: |
|
3067 | 3076 | return code |
|
3068 | 3077 | utarget = unquote_filename(target) |
|
3069 | 3078 | try: |
|
3070 | 3079 | if utarget.startswith(('http://', 'https://')): |
|
3071 | 3080 | return openpy.read_py_url(utarget, skip_encoding_cookie=skip_encoding_cookie) |
|
3072 | 3081 | except UnicodeDecodeError: |
|
3073 | 3082 | if not py_only : |
|
3074 | 3083 | from urllib import urlopen # Deferred import |
|
3075 | 3084 | response = urlopen(target) |
|
3076 | 3085 | return response.read().decode('latin1') |
|
3077 | 3086 | raise ValueError(("'%s' seem to be unreadable.") % utarget) |
|
3078 | 3087 | |
|
3079 | 3088 | potential_target = [target] |
|
3080 | 3089 | try : |
|
3081 | 3090 | potential_target.insert(0,get_py_filename(target)) |
|
3082 | 3091 | except IOError: |
|
3083 | 3092 | pass |
|
3084 | 3093 | |
|
3085 | 3094 | for tgt in potential_target : |
|
3086 | 3095 | if os.path.isfile(tgt): # Read file |
|
3087 | 3096 | try : |
|
3088 | 3097 | return openpy.read_py_file(tgt, skip_encoding_cookie=skip_encoding_cookie) |
|
3089 | 3098 | except UnicodeDecodeError : |
|
3090 | 3099 | if not py_only : |
|
3091 | 3100 | with io_open(tgt,'r', encoding='latin1') as f : |
|
3092 | 3101 | return f.read() |
|
3093 | 3102 | raise ValueError(("'%s' seem to be unreadable.") % target) |
|
3094 | 3103 | elif os.path.isdir(os.path.expanduser(tgt)): |
|
3095 | 3104 | raise ValueError("'%s' is a directory, not a regular file." % target) |
|
3096 | 3105 | |
|
3097 | 3106 | try: # User namespace |
|
3098 | 3107 | codeobj = eval(target, self.user_ns) |
|
3099 | 3108 | except Exception: |
|
3100 | 3109 | raise ValueError(("'%s' was not found in history, as a file, url, " |
|
3101 | 3110 | "nor in the user namespace.") % target) |
|
3102 | 3111 | if isinstance(codeobj, basestring): |
|
3103 | 3112 | return codeobj |
|
3104 | 3113 | elif isinstance(codeobj, Macro): |
|
3105 | 3114 | return codeobj.value |
|
3106 | 3115 | |
|
3107 | 3116 | raise TypeError("%s is neither a string nor a macro." % target, |
|
3108 | 3117 | codeobj) |
|
3109 | 3118 | |
|
3110 | 3119 | #------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
|
3111 | 3120 | # Things related to IPython exiting |
|
3112 | 3121 | #------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
|
3113 | 3122 | def atexit_operations(self): |
|
3114 | 3123 | """This will be executed at the time of exit. |
|
3115 | 3124 | |
|
3116 | 3125 | Cleanup operations and saving of persistent data that is done |
|
3117 | 3126 | unconditionally by IPython should be performed here. |
|
3118 | 3127 | |
|
3119 | 3128 | For things that may depend on startup flags or platform specifics (such |
|
3120 | 3129 | as having readline or not), register a separate atexit function in the |
|
3121 | 3130 | code that has the appropriate information, rather than trying to |
|
3122 | 3131 | clutter |
|
3123 | 3132 | """ |
|
3124 | 3133 | # Close the history session (this stores the end time and line count) |
|
3125 | 3134 | # this must be *before* the tempfile cleanup, in case of temporary |
|
3126 | 3135 | # history db |
|
3127 | 3136 | self.history_manager.end_session() |
|
3128 | 3137 | |
|
3129 | 3138 | # Cleanup all tempfiles left around |
|
3130 | 3139 | for tfile in self.tempfiles: |
|
3131 | 3140 | try: |
|
3132 | 3141 | os.unlink(tfile) |
|
3133 | 3142 | except OSError: |
|
3134 | 3143 | pass |
|
3135 | 3144 | |
|
3136 | 3145 | # Clear all user namespaces to release all references cleanly. |
|
3137 | 3146 | self.reset(new_session=False) |
|
3138 | 3147 | |
|
3139 | 3148 | # Run user hooks |
|
3140 | 3149 | self.hooks.shutdown_hook() |
|
3141 | 3150 | |
|
3142 | 3151 | def cleanup(self): |
|
3143 | 3152 | self.restore_sys_module_state() |
|
3144 | 3153 | |
|
3145 | 3154 | |
|
3146 | 3155 | class InteractiveShellABC(object): |
|
3147 | 3156 | """An abstract base class for InteractiveShell.""" |
|
3148 | 3157 | __metaclass__ = abc.ABCMeta |
|
3149 | 3158 | |
|
3150 | 3159 | InteractiveShellABC.register(InteractiveShell) |
@@ -1,1231 +1,1231 b'' | |||
|
1 | 1 | # -*- coding: utf-8 -*- |
|
2 | 2 | """Implementation of execution-related magic functions. |
|
3 | 3 | """ |
|
4 | 4 | #----------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
|
5 | 5 | # Copyright (c) 2012 The IPython Development Team. |
|
6 | 6 | # |
|
7 | 7 | # Distributed under the terms of the Modified BSD License. |
|
8 | 8 | # |
|
9 | 9 | # The full license is in the file COPYING.txt, distributed with this software. |
|
10 | 10 | #----------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
|
11 | 11 | |
|
12 | 12 | #----------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
|
13 | 13 | # Imports |
|
14 | 14 | #----------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
|
15 | 15 | |
|
16 | 16 | # Stdlib |
|
17 | 17 | import __builtin__ as builtin_mod |
|
18 | 18 | import ast |
|
19 | 19 | import bdb |
|
20 | 20 | import os |
|
21 | 21 | import sys |
|
22 | 22 | import time |
|
23 | 23 | from StringIO import StringIO |
|
24 | 24 | |
|
25 | 25 | # cProfile was added in Python2.5 |
|
26 | 26 | try: |
|
27 | 27 | import cProfile as profile |
|
28 | 28 | import pstats |
|
29 | 29 | except ImportError: |
|
30 | 30 | # profile isn't bundled by default in Debian for license reasons |
|
31 | 31 | try: |
|
32 | 32 | import profile, pstats |
|
33 | 33 | except ImportError: |
|
34 | 34 | profile = pstats = None |
|
35 | 35 | |
|
36 | 36 | # Our own packages |
|
37 | 37 | from IPython.core import debugger, oinspect |
|
38 | 38 | from IPython.core import magic_arguments |
|
39 | 39 | from IPython.core import page |
|
40 | 40 | from IPython.core.error import UsageError |
|
41 | 41 | from IPython.core.macro import Macro |
|
42 | 42 | from IPython.core.magic import (Magics, magics_class, line_magic, cell_magic, |
|
43 | 43 | line_cell_magic, on_off, needs_local_scope) |
|
44 | 44 | from IPython.testing.skipdoctest import skip_doctest |
|
45 | 45 | from IPython.utils import py3compat |
|
46 | 46 | from IPython.utils.contexts import preserve_keys |
|
47 | 47 | from IPython.utils.io import capture_output |
|
48 | 48 | from IPython.utils.ipstruct import Struct |
|
49 | 49 | from IPython.utils.module_paths import find_mod |
|
50 | 50 | from IPython.utils.path import get_py_filename, unquote_filename, shellglob |
|
51 | 51 | from IPython.utils.timing import clock, clock2 |
|
52 | 52 | from IPython.utils.warn import warn, error |
|
53 | 53 | |
|
54 | 54 | |
|
55 | 55 | #----------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
|
56 | 56 | # Magic implementation classes |
|
57 | 57 | #----------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
|
58 | 58 | |
|
59 | 59 | @magics_class |
|
60 | 60 | class ExecutionMagics(Magics): |
|
61 | 61 | """Magics related to code execution, debugging, profiling, etc. |
|
62 | 62 | |
|
63 | 63 | """ |
|
64 | 64 | |
|
65 | 65 | def __init__(self, shell): |
|
66 | 66 | super(ExecutionMagics, self).__init__(shell) |
|
67 | 67 | if profile is None: |
|
68 | 68 | self.prun = self.profile_missing_notice |
|
69 | 69 | # Default execution function used to actually run user code. |
|
70 | 70 | self.default_runner = None |
|
71 | 71 | |
|
72 | 72 | def profile_missing_notice(self, *args, **kwargs): |
|
73 | 73 | error("""\ |
|
74 | 74 | The profile module could not be found. It has been removed from the standard |
|
75 | 75 | python packages because of its non-free license. To use profiling, install the |
|
76 | 76 | python-profiler package from non-free.""") |
|
77 | 77 | |
|
78 | 78 | @skip_doctest |
|
79 | 79 | @line_cell_magic |
|
80 | 80 | def prun(self, parameter_s='', cell=None): |
|
81 | 81 | |
|
82 | 82 | """Run a statement through the python code profiler. |
|
83 | 83 | |
|
84 | 84 | Usage, in line mode: |
|
85 | 85 | %prun [options] statement |
|
86 | 86 | |
|
87 | 87 | Usage, in cell mode: |
|
88 | 88 | %%prun [options] [statement] |
|
89 | 89 | code... |
|
90 | 90 | code... |
|
91 | 91 | |
|
92 | 92 | In cell mode, the additional code lines are appended to the (possibly |
|
93 | 93 | empty) statement in the first line. Cell mode allows you to easily |
|
94 | 94 | profile multiline blocks without having to put them in a separate |
|
95 | 95 | function. |
|
96 | 96 | |
|
97 | 97 | The given statement (which doesn't require quote marks) is run via the |
|
98 | 98 | python profiler in a manner similar to the profile.run() function. |
|
99 | 99 | Namespaces are internally managed to work correctly; profile.run |
|
100 | 100 | cannot be used in IPython because it makes certain assumptions about |
|
101 | 101 | namespaces which do not hold under IPython. |
|
102 | 102 | |
|
103 | 103 | Options: |
|
104 | 104 | |
|
105 | 105 | -l <limit>: you can place restrictions on what or how much of the |
|
106 | 106 | profile gets printed. The limit value can be: |
|
107 | 107 | |
|
108 | 108 | * A string: only information for function names containing this string |
|
109 | 109 | is printed. |
|
110 | 110 | |
|
111 | 111 | * An integer: only these many lines are printed. |
|
112 | 112 | |
|
113 | 113 | * A float (between 0 and 1): this fraction of the report is printed |
|
114 | 114 | (for example, use a limit of 0.4 to see the topmost 40% only). |
|
115 | 115 | |
|
116 | 116 | You can combine several limits with repeated use of the option. For |
|
117 | 117 | example, '-l __init__ -l 5' will print only the topmost 5 lines of |
|
118 | 118 | information about class constructors. |
|
119 | 119 | |
|
120 | 120 | -r: return the pstats.Stats object generated by the profiling. This |
|
121 | 121 | object has all the information about the profile in it, and you can |
|
122 | 122 | later use it for further analysis or in other functions. |
|
123 | 123 | |
|
124 | 124 | -s <key>: sort profile by given key. You can provide more than one key |
|
125 | 125 | by using the option several times: '-s key1 -s key2 -s key3...'. The |
|
126 | 126 | default sorting key is 'time'. |
|
127 | 127 | |
|
128 | 128 | The following is copied verbatim from the profile documentation |
|
129 | 129 | referenced below: |
|
130 | 130 | |
|
131 | 131 | When more than one key is provided, additional keys are used as |
|
132 | 132 | secondary criteria when the there is equality in all keys selected |
|
133 | 133 | before them. |
|
134 | 134 | |
|
135 | 135 | Abbreviations can be used for any key names, as long as the |
|
136 | 136 | abbreviation is unambiguous. The following are the keys currently |
|
137 | 137 | defined: |
|
138 | 138 | |
|
139 | 139 | Valid Arg Meaning |
|
140 | 140 | "calls" call count |
|
141 | 141 | "cumulative" cumulative time |
|
142 | 142 | "file" file name |
|
143 | 143 | "module" file name |
|
144 | 144 | "pcalls" primitive call count |
|
145 | 145 | "line" line number |
|
146 | 146 | "name" function name |
|
147 | 147 | "nfl" name/file/line |
|
148 | 148 | "stdname" standard name |
|
149 | 149 | "time" internal time |
|
150 | 150 | |
|
151 | 151 | Note that all sorts on statistics are in descending order (placing |
|
152 | 152 | most time consuming items first), where as name, file, and line number |
|
153 | 153 | searches are in ascending order (i.e., alphabetical). The subtle |
|
154 | 154 | distinction between "nfl" and "stdname" is that the standard name is a |
|
155 | 155 | sort of the name as printed, which means that the embedded line |
|
156 | 156 | numbers get compared in an odd way. For example, lines 3, 20, and 40 |
|
157 | 157 | would (if the file names were the same) appear in the string order |
|
158 | 158 | "20" "3" and "40". In contrast, "nfl" does a numeric compare of the |
|
159 | 159 | line numbers. In fact, sort_stats("nfl") is the same as |
|
160 | 160 | sort_stats("name", "file", "line"). |
|
161 | 161 | |
|
162 | 162 | -T <filename>: save profile results as shown on screen to a text |
|
163 | 163 | file. The profile is still shown on screen. |
|
164 | 164 | |
|
165 | 165 | -D <filename>: save (via dump_stats) profile statistics to given |
|
166 | 166 | filename. This data is in a format understood by the pstats module, and |
|
167 | 167 | is generated by a call to the dump_stats() method of profile |
|
168 | 168 | objects. The profile is still shown on screen. |
|
169 | 169 | |
|
170 | 170 | -q: suppress output to the pager. Best used with -T and/or -D above. |
|
171 | 171 | |
|
172 | 172 | If you want to run complete programs under the profiler's control, use |
|
173 | 173 | '%run -p [prof_opts] filename.py [args to program]' where prof_opts |
|
174 | 174 | contains profiler specific options as described here. |
|
175 | 175 | |
|
176 | 176 | You can read the complete documentation for the profile module with:: |
|
177 | 177 | |
|
178 | 178 | In [1]: import profile; profile.help() |
|
179 | 179 | """ |
|
180 | 180 | opts, arg_str = self.parse_options(parameter_s, 'D:l:rs:T:q', |
|
181 | 181 | list_all=True, posix=False) |
|
182 | 182 | if cell is not None: |
|
183 | 183 | arg_str += '\n' + cell |
|
184 | 184 | arg_str = self.shell.input_splitter.transform_cell(arg_str) |
|
185 | 185 | return self._run_with_profiler(arg_str, opts, self.shell.user_ns) |
|
186 | 186 | |
|
187 | 187 | def _run_with_profiler(self, code, opts, namespace): |
|
188 | 188 | """ |
|
189 | 189 | Run `code` with profiler. Used by ``%prun`` and ``%run -p``. |
|
190 | 190 | |
|
191 | 191 | Parameters |
|
192 | 192 | ---------- |
|
193 | 193 | code : str |
|
194 | 194 | Code to be executed. |
|
195 | 195 | opts : Struct |
|
196 | 196 | Options parsed by `self.parse_options`. |
|
197 | 197 | namespace : dict |
|
198 | 198 | A dictionary for Python namespace (e.g., `self.shell.user_ns`). |
|
199 | 199 | |
|
200 | 200 | """ |
|
201 | 201 | |
|
202 | 202 | # Fill default values for unspecified options: |
|
203 | 203 | opts.merge(Struct(D=[''], l=[], s=['time'], T=[''])) |
|
204 | 204 | |
|
205 | 205 | prof = profile.Profile() |
|
206 | 206 | try: |
|
207 | 207 | prof = prof.runctx(code, namespace, namespace) |
|
208 | 208 | sys_exit = '' |
|
209 | 209 | except SystemExit: |
|
210 | 210 | sys_exit = """*** SystemExit exception caught in code being profiled.""" |
|
211 | 211 | |
|
212 | 212 | stats = pstats.Stats(prof).strip_dirs().sort_stats(*opts.s) |
|
213 | 213 | |
|
214 | 214 | lims = opts.l |
|
215 | 215 | if lims: |
|
216 | 216 | lims = [] # rebuild lims with ints/floats/strings |
|
217 | 217 | for lim in opts.l: |
|
218 | 218 | try: |
|
219 | 219 | lims.append(int(lim)) |
|
220 | 220 | except ValueError: |
|
221 | 221 | try: |
|
222 | 222 | lims.append(float(lim)) |
|
223 | 223 | except ValueError: |
|
224 | 224 | lims.append(lim) |
|
225 | 225 | |
|
226 | 226 | # Trap output. |
|
227 | 227 | stdout_trap = StringIO() |
|
228 | 228 | stats_stream = stats.stream |
|
229 | 229 | try: |
|
230 | 230 | stats.stream = stdout_trap |
|
231 | 231 | stats.print_stats(*lims) |
|
232 | 232 | finally: |
|
233 | 233 | stats.stream = stats_stream |
|
234 | 234 | |
|
235 | 235 | output = stdout_trap.getvalue() |
|
236 | 236 | output = output.rstrip() |
|
237 | 237 | |
|
238 | 238 | if 'q' not in opts: |
|
239 | 239 | page.page(output) |
|
240 | 240 | print sys_exit, |
|
241 | 241 | |
|
242 | 242 | dump_file = opts.D[0] |
|
243 | 243 | text_file = opts.T[0] |
|
244 | 244 | if dump_file: |
|
245 | 245 | dump_file = unquote_filename(dump_file) |
|
246 | 246 | prof.dump_stats(dump_file) |
|
247 | 247 | print '\n*** Profile stats marshalled to file',\ |
|
248 | 248 | repr(dump_file)+'.',sys_exit |
|
249 | 249 | if text_file: |
|
250 | 250 | text_file = unquote_filename(text_file) |
|
251 | 251 | pfile = open(text_file,'w') |
|
252 | 252 | pfile.write(output) |
|
253 | 253 | pfile.close() |
|
254 | 254 | print '\n*** Profile printout saved to text file',\ |
|
255 | 255 | repr(text_file)+'.',sys_exit |
|
256 | 256 | |
|
257 | 257 | if 'r' in opts: |
|
258 | 258 | return stats |
|
259 | 259 | else: |
|
260 | 260 | return None |
|
261 | 261 | |
|
262 | 262 | @line_magic |
|
263 | 263 | def pdb(self, parameter_s=''): |
|
264 | 264 | """Control the automatic calling of the pdb interactive debugger. |
|
265 | 265 | |
|
266 | 266 | Call as '%pdb on', '%pdb 1', '%pdb off' or '%pdb 0'. If called without |
|
267 | 267 | argument it works as a toggle. |
|
268 | 268 | |
|
269 | 269 | When an exception is triggered, IPython can optionally call the |
|
270 | 270 | interactive pdb debugger after the traceback printout. %pdb toggles |
|
271 | 271 | this feature on and off. |
|
272 | 272 | |
|
273 | 273 | The initial state of this feature is set in your configuration |
|
274 | 274 | file (the option is ``InteractiveShell.pdb``). |
|
275 | 275 | |
|
276 | 276 | If you want to just activate the debugger AFTER an exception has fired, |
|
277 | 277 | without having to type '%pdb on' and rerunning your code, you can use |
|
278 | 278 | the %debug magic.""" |
|
279 | 279 | |
|
280 | 280 | par = parameter_s.strip().lower() |
|
281 | 281 | |
|
282 | 282 | if par: |
|
283 | 283 | try: |
|
284 | 284 | new_pdb = {'off':0,'0':0,'on':1,'1':1}[par] |
|
285 | 285 | except KeyError: |
|
286 | 286 | print ('Incorrect argument. Use on/1, off/0, ' |
|
287 | 287 | 'or nothing for a toggle.') |
|
288 | 288 | return |
|
289 | 289 | else: |
|
290 | 290 | # toggle |
|
291 | 291 | new_pdb = not self.shell.call_pdb |
|
292 | 292 | |
|
293 | 293 | # set on the shell |
|
294 | 294 | self.shell.call_pdb = new_pdb |
|
295 | 295 | print 'Automatic pdb calling has been turned',on_off(new_pdb) |
|
296 | 296 | |
|
297 | 297 | @skip_doctest |
|
298 | 298 | @magic_arguments.magic_arguments() |
|
299 | 299 | @magic_arguments.argument('--breakpoint', '-b', metavar='FILE:LINE', |
|
300 | 300 | help=""" |
|
301 | 301 | Set break point at LINE in FILE. |
|
302 | 302 | """ |
|
303 | 303 | ) |
|
304 | 304 | @magic_arguments.argument('statement', nargs='*', |
|
305 | 305 | help=""" |
|
306 | 306 | Code to run in debugger. |
|
307 | 307 | You can omit this in cell magic mode. |
|
308 | 308 | """ |
|
309 | 309 | ) |
|
310 | 310 | @line_cell_magic |
|
311 | 311 | def debug(self, line='', cell=None): |
|
312 | 312 | """Activate the interactive debugger. |
|
313 | 313 | |
|
314 | 314 | This magic command support two ways of activating debugger. |
|
315 | 315 | One is to activate debugger before executing code. This way, you |
|
316 | 316 | can set a break point, to step through the code from the point. |
|
317 | 317 | You can use this mode by giving statements to execute and optionally |
|
318 | 318 | a breakpoint. |
|
319 | 319 | |
|
320 | 320 | The other one is to activate debugger in post-mortem mode. You can |
|
321 | 321 | activate this mode simply running %debug without any argument. |
|
322 | 322 | If an exception has just occurred, this lets you inspect its stack |
|
323 | 323 | frames interactively. Note that this will always work only on the last |
|
324 | 324 | traceback that occurred, so you must call this quickly after an |
|
325 | 325 | exception that you wish to inspect has fired, because if another one |
|
326 | 326 | occurs, it clobbers the previous one. |
|
327 | 327 | |
|
328 | 328 | If you want IPython to automatically do this on every exception, see |
|
329 | 329 | the %pdb magic for more details. |
|
330 | 330 | """ |
|
331 | 331 | args = magic_arguments.parse_argstring(self.debug, line) |
|
332 | 332 | |
|
333 | 333 | if not (args.breakpoint or args.statement or cell): |
|
334 | 334 | self._debug_post_mortem() |
|
335 | 335 | else: |
|
336 | 336 | code = "\n".join(args.statement) |
|
337 | 337 | if cell: |
|
338 | 338 | code += "\n" + cell |
|
339 | 339 | self._debug_exec(code, args.breakpoint) |
|
340 | 340 | |
|
341 | 341 | def _debug_post_mortem(self): |
|
342 | 342 | self.shell.debugger(force=True) |
|
343 | 343 | |
|
344 | 344 | def _debug_exec(self, code, breakpoint): |
|
345 | 345 | if breakpoint: |
|
346 | 346 | (filename, bp_line) = breakpoint.split(':', 1) |
|
347 | 347 | bp_line = int(bp_line) |
|
348 | 348 | else: |
|
349 | 349 | (filename, bp_line) = (None, None) |
|
350 | 350 | self._run_with_debugger(code, self.shell.user_ns, filename, bp_line) |
|
351 | 351 | |
|
352 | 352 | @line_magic |
|
353 | 353 | def tb(self, s): |
|
354 | 354 | """Print the last traceback with the currently active exception mode. |
|
355 | 355 | |
|
356 | 356 | See %xmode for changing exception reporting modes.""" |
|
357 | 357 | self.shell.showtraceback() |
|
358 | 358 | |
|
359 | 359 | @skip_doctest |
|
360 | 360 | @line_magic |
|
361 | 361 | def run(self, parameter_s='', runner=None, |
|
362 | 362 | file_finder=get_py_filename): |
|
363 | 363 | """Run the named file inside IPython as a program. |
|
364 | 364 | |
|
365 | 365 | Usage: |
|
366 | 366 | %run [-n -i -e -G] |
|
367 | 367 | [( -t [-N<N>] | -d [-b<N>] | -p [profile options] )] |
|
368 | 368 | ( -m mod | file ) [args] |
|
369 | 369 | |
|
370 | 370 | Parameters after the filename are passed as command-line arguments to |
|
371 | 371 | the program (put in sys.argv). Then, control returns to IPython's |
|
372 | 372 | prompt. |
|
373 | 373 | |
|
374 | 374 | This is similar to running at a system prompt:\\ |
|
375 | 375 | $ python file args\\ |
|
376 | 376 | but with the advantage of giving you IPython's tracebacks, and of |
|
377 | 377 | loading all variables into your interactive namespace for further use |
|
378 | 378 | (unless -p is used, see below). |
|
379 | 379 | |
|
380 | 380 | The file is executed in a namespace initially consisting only of |
|
381 | 381 | __name__=='__main__' and sys.argv constructed as indicated. It thus |
|
382 | 382 | sees its environment as if it were being run as a stand-alone program |
|
383 | 383 | (except for sharing global objects such as previously imported |
|
384 | 384 | modules). But after execution, the IPython interactive namespace gets |
|
385 | 385 | updated with all variables defined in the program (except for __name__ |
|
386 | 386 | and sys.argv). This allows for very convenient loading of code for |
|
387 | 387 | interactive work, while giving each program a 'clean sheet' to run in. |
|
388 | 388 | |
|
389 | 389 | Arguments are expanded using shell-like glob match. Patterns |
|
390 | 390 | '*', '?', '[seq]' and '[!seq]' can be used. Additionally, |
|
391 | 391 | tilde '~' will be expanded into user's home directory. Unlike |
|
392 | 392 | real shells, quotation does not suppress expansions. Use |
|
393 | 393 | *two* back slashes (e.g., '\\\\*') to suppress expansions. |
|
394 | 394 | To completely disable these expansions, you can use -G flag. |
|
395 | 395 | |
|
396 | 396 | Options: |
|
397 | 397 | |
|
398 | 398 | -n: __name__ is NOT set to '__main__', but to the running file's name |
|
399 | 399 | without extension (as python does under import). This allows running |
|
400 | 400 | scripts and reloading the definitions in them without calling code |
|
401 | 401 | protected by an ' if __name__ == "__main__" ' clause. |
|
402 | 402 | |
|
403 | 403 | -i: run the file in IPython's namespace instead of an empty one. This |
|
404 | 404 | is useful if you are experimenting with code written in a text editor |
|
405 | 405 | which depends on variables defined interactively. |
|
406 | 406 | |
|
407 | 407 | -e: ignore sys.exit() calls or SystemExit exceptions in the script |
|
408 | 408 | being run. This is particularly useful if IPython is being used to |
|
409 | 409 | run unittests, which always exit with a sys.exit() call. In such |
|
410 | 410 | cases you are interested in the output of the test results, not in |
|
411 | 411 | seeing a traceback of the unittest module. |
|
412 | 412 | |
|
413 | 413 | -t: print timing information at the end of the run. IPython will give |
|
414 | 414 | you an estimated CPU time consumption for your script, which under |
|
415 | 415 | Unix uses the resource module to avoid the wraparound problems of |
|
416 | 416 | time.clock(). Under Unix, an estimate of time spent on system tasks |
|
417 | 417 | is also given (for Windows platforms this is reported as 0.0). |
|
418 | 418 | |
|
419 | 419 | If -t is given, an additional -N<N> option can be given, where <N> |
|
420 | 420 | must be an integer indicating how many times you want the script to |
|
421 | 421 | run. The final timing report will include total and per run results. |
|
422 | 422 | |
|
423 | 423 | For example (testing the script uniq_stable.py):: |
|
424 | 424 | |
|
425 | 425 | In [1]: run -t uniq_stable |
|
426 | 426 | |
|
427 | 427 | IPython CPU timings (estimated):\\ |
|
428 | 428 | User : 0.19597 s.\\ |
|
429 | 429 | System: 0.0 s.\\ |
|
430 | 430 | |
|
431 | 431 | In [2]: run -t -N5 uniq_stable |
|
432 | 432 | |
|
433 | 433 | IPython CPU timings (estimated):\\ |
|
434 | 434 | Total runs performed: 5\\ |
|
435 | 435 | Times : Total Per run\\ |
|
436 | 436 | User : 0.910862 s, 0.1821724 s.\\ |
|
437 | 437 | System: 0.0 s, 0.0 s. |
|
438 | 438 | |
|
439 | 439 | -d: run your program under the control of pdb, the Python debugger. |
|
440 | 440 | This allows you to execute your program step by step, watch variables, |
|
441 | 441 | etc. Internally, what IPython does is similar to calling: |
|
442 | 442 | |
|
443 | 443 | pdb.run('execfile("YOURFILENAME")') |
|
444 | 444 | |
|
445 | 445 | with a breakpoint set on line 1 of your file. You can change the line |
|
446 | 446 | number for this automatic breakpoint to be <N> by using the -bN option |
|
447 | 447 | (where N must be an integer). For example:: |
|
448 | 448 | |
|
449 | 449 | %run -d -b40 myscript |
|
450 | 450 | |
|
451 | 451 | will set the first breakpoint at line 40 in myscript.py. Note that |
|
452 | 452 | the first breakpoint must be set on a line which actually does |
|
453 | 453 | something (not a comment or docstring) for it to stop execution. |
|
454 | 454 | |
|
455 | 455 | Or you can specify a breakpoint in a different file:: |
|
456 | 456 | |
|
457 | 457 | %run -d -b myotherfile.py:20 myscript |
|
458 | 458 | |
|
459 | 459 | When the pdb debugger starts, you will see a (Pdb) prompt. You must |
|
460 | 460 | first enter 'c' (without quotes) to start execution up to the first |
|
461 | 461 | breakpoint. |
|
462 | 462 | |
|
463 | 463 | Entering 'help' gives information about the use of the debugger. You |
|
464 | 464 | can easily see pdb's full documentation with "import pdb;pdb.help()" |
|
465 | 465 | at a prompt. |
|
466 | 466 | |
|
467 | 467 | -p: run program under the control of the Python profiler module (which |
|
468 | 468 | prints a detailed report of execution times, function calls, etc). |
|
469 | 469 | |
|
470 | 470 | You can pass other options after -p which affect the behavior of the |
|
471 | 471 | profiler itself. See the docs for %prun for details. |
|
472 | 472 | |
|
473 | 473 | In this mode, the program's variables do NOT propagate back to the |
|
474 | 474 | IPython interactive namespace (because they remain in the namespace |
|
475 | 475 | where the profiler executes them). |
|
476 | 476 | |
|
477 | 477 | Internally this triggers a call to %prun, see its documentation for |
|
478 | 478 | details on the options available specifically for profiling. |
|
479 | 479 | |
|
480 | 480 | There is one special usage for which the text above doesn't apply: |
|
481 | 481 | if the filename ends with .ipy, the file is run as ipython script, |
|
482 | 482 | just as if the commands were written on IPython prompt. |
|
483 | 483 | |
|
484 | 484 | -m: specify module name to load instead of script path. Similar to |
|
485 | 485 | the -m option for the python interpreter. Use this option last if you |
|
486 | 486 | want to combine with other %run options. Unlike the python interpreter |
|
487 | 487 | only source modules are allowed no .pyc or .pyo files. |
|
488 | 488 | For example:: |
|
489 | 489 | |
|
490 | 490 | %run -m example |
|
491 | 491 | |
|
492 | 492 | will run the example module. |
|
493 | 493 | |
|
494 | 494 | -G: disable shell-like glob expansion of arguments. |
|
495 | 495 | |
|
496 | 496 | """ |
|
497 | 497 | |
|
498 | 498 | # get arguments and set sys.argv for program to be run. |
|
499 | 499 | opts, arg_lst = self.parse_options(parameter_s, |
|
500 | 500 | 'nidtN:b:pD:l:rs:T:em:G', |
|
501 | 501 | mode='list', list_all=1) |
|
502 | 502 | if "m" in opts: |
|
503 | 503 | modulename = opts["m"][0] |
|
504 | 504 | modpath = find_mod(modulename) |
|
505 | 505 | if modpath is None: |
|
506 | 506 | warn('%r is not a valid modulename on sys.path'%modulename) |
|
507 | 507 | return |
|
508 | 508 | arg_lst = [modpath] + arg_lst |
|
509 | 509 | try: |
|
510 | 510 | filename = file_finder(arg_lst[0]) |
|
511 | 511 | except IndexError: |
|
512 | 512 | warn('you must provide at least a filename.') |
|
513 | 513 | print '\n%run:\n', oinspect.getdoc(self.run) |
|
514 | 514 | return |
|
515 | 515 | except IOError as e: |
|
516 | 516 | try: |
|
517 | 517 | msg = str(e) |
|
518 | 518 | except UnicodeError: |
|
519 | 519 | msg = e.message |
|
520 | 520 | error(msg) |
|
521 | 521 | return |
|
522 | 522 | |
|
523 | 523 | if filename.lower().endswith('.ipy'): |
|
524 | 524 | with preserve_keys(self.shell.user_ns, '__file__'): |
|
525 | 525 | self.shell.user_ns['__file__'] = filename |
|
526 | 526 | self.shell.safe_execfile_ipy(filename) |
|
527 | 527 | return |
|
528 | 528 | |
|
529 | 529 | # Control the response to exit() calls made by the script being run |
|
530 | 530 | exit_ignore = 'e' in opts |
|
531 | 531 | |
|
532 | 532 | # Make sure that the running script gets a proper sys.argv as if it |
|
533 | 533 | # were run from a system shell. |
|
534 | 534 | save_argv = sys.argv # save it for later restoring |
|
535 | 535 | |
|
536 | 536 | if 'G' in opts: |
|
537 | 537 | args = arg_lst[1:] |
|
538 | 538 | else: |
|
539 | 539 | # tilde and glob expansion |
|
540 | 540 | args = shellglob(map(os.path.expanduser, arg_lst[1:])) |
|
541 | 541 | |
|
542 | 542 | sys.argv = [filename] + args # put in the proper filename |
|
543 | 543 | # protect sys.argv from potential unicode strings on Python 2: |
|
544 | 544 | if not py3compat.PY3: |
|
545 | 545 | sys.argv = [ py3compat.cast_bytes(a) for a in sys.argv ] |
|
546 | 546 | |
|
547 | 547 | if 'i' in opts: |
|
548 | 548 | # Run in user's interactive namespace |
|
549 | 549 | prog_ns = self.shell.user_ns |
|
550 | 550 | __name__save = self.shell.user_ns['__name__'] |
|
551 | 551 | prog_ns['__name__'] = '__main__' |
|
552 | 552 | main_mod = self.shell.user_module |
|
553 | ||
|
554 | # Since '%run foo' emulates 'python foo.py' at the cmd line, we must | |
|
555 | # set the __file__ global in the script's namespace | |
|
556 | # TK: Is this necessary in interactive mode? | |
|
557 | prog_ns['__file__'] = filename | |
|
553 | 558 | else: |
|
554 | 559 | # Run in a fresh, empty namespace |
|
555 | 560 | if 'n' in opts: |
|
556 | 561 | name = os.path.splitext(os.path.basename(filename))[0] |
|
557 | 562 | else: |
|
558 | 563 | name = '__main__' |
|
559 | 564 | |
|
560 | 565 | # The shell MUST hold a reference to prog_ns so after %run |
|
561 | 566 | # exits, the python deletion mechanism doesn't zero it out |
|
562 | 567 | # (leaving dangling references). See interactiveshell for details |
|
563 | main_mod = self.shell.new_main_mod(filename) | |
|
568 | main_mod = self.shell.new_main_mod(filename, name) | |
|
564 | 569 | prog_ns = main_mod.__dict__ |
|
565 | prog_ns['__name__'] = name | |
|
566 | ||
|
567 | # Since '%run foo' emulates 'python foo.py' at the cmd line, we must | |
|
568 | # set the __file__ global in the script's namespace | |
|
569 | prog_ns['__file__'] = filename | |
|
570 | 570 | |
|
571 | 571 | # pickle fix. See interactiveshell for an explanation. But we need to |
|
572 | 572 | # make sure that, if we overwrite __main__, we replace it at the end |
|
573 | 573 | main_mod_name = prog_ns['__name__'] |
|
574 | 574 | |
|
575 | 575 | if main_mod_name == '__main__': |
|
576 | 576 | restore_main = sys.modules['__main__'] |
|
577 | 577 | else: |
|
578 | 578 | restore_main = False |
|
579 | 579 | |
|
580 | 580 | # This needs to be undone at the end to prevent holding references to |
|
581 | 581 | # every single object ever created. |
|
582 | 582 | sys.modules[main_mod_name] = main_mod |
|
583 | 583 | |
|
584 | 584 | if 'p' in opts or 'd' in opts: |
|
585 | 585 | if 'm' in opts: |
|
586 | 586 | code = 'run_module(modulename, prog_ns)' |
|
587 | 587 | code_ns = { |
|
588 | 588 | 'run_module': self.shell.safe_run_module, |
|
589 | 589 | 'prog_ns': prog_ns, |
|
590 | 590 | 'modulename': modulename, |
|
591 | 591 | } |
|
592 | 592 | else: |
|
593 | 593 | code = 'execfile(filename, prog_ns)' |
|
594 | 594 | code_ns = { |
|
595 | 595 | 'execfile': self.shell.safe_execfile, |
|
596 | 596 | 'prog_ns': prog_ns, |
|
597 | 597 | 'filename': get_py_filename(filename), |
|
598 | 598 | } |
|
599 | 599 | |
|
600 | 600 | try: |
|
601 | 601 | stats = None |
|
602 | 602 | with self.shell.readline_no_record: |
|
603 | 603 | if 'p' in opts: |
|
604 | 604 | stats = self._run_with_profiler(code, opts, code_ns) |
|
605 | 605 | else: |
|
606 | 606 | if 'd' in opts: |
|
607 | 607 | bp_file, bp_line = parse_breakpoint( |
|
608 | 608 | opts.get('b', ['1'])[0], filename) |
|
609 | 609 | self._run_with_debugger( |
|
610 | 610 | code, code_ns, filename, bp_line, bp_file) |
|
611 | 611 | else: |
|
612 | 612 | if 'm' in opts: |
|
613 | 613 | def run(): |
|
614 | 614 | self.shell.safe_run_module(modulename, prog_ns) |
|
615 | 615 | else: |
|
616 | 616 | if runner is None: |
|
617 | 617 | runner = self.default_runner |
|
618 | 618 | if runner is None: |
|
619 | 619 | runner = self.shell.safe_execfile |
|
620 | 620 | |
|
621 | 621 | def run(): |
|
622 | 622 | runner(filename, prog_ns, prog_ns, |
|
623 | 623 | exit_ignore=exit_ignore) |
|
624 | 624 | |
|
625 | 625 | if 't' in opts: |
|
626 | 626 | # timed execution |
|
627 | 627 | try: |
|
628 | 628 | nruns = int(opts['N'][0]) |
|
629 | 629 | if nruns < 1: |
|
630 | 630 | error('Number of runs must be >=1') |
|
631 | 631 | return |
|
632 | 632 | except (KeyError): |
|
633 | 633 | nruns = 1 |
|
634 | 634 | self._run_with_timing(run, nruns) |
|
635 | 635 | else: |
|
636 | 636 | # regular execution |
|
637 | 637 | run() |
|
638 | 638 | |
|
639 | 639 | if 'i' in opts: |
|
640 | 640 | self.shell.user_ns['__name__'] = __name__save |
|
641 | 641 | else: |
|
642 | 642 | # update IPython interactive namespace |
|
643 | 643 | |
|
644 | 644 | # Some forms of read errors on the file may mean the |
|
645 | 645 | # __name__ key was never set; using pop we don't have to |
|
646 | 646 | # worry about a possible KeyError. |
|
647 | 647 | prog_ns.pop('__name__', None) |
|
648 | 648 | |
|
649 | 649 | with preserve_keys(self.shell.user_ns, '__file__'): |
|
650 | 650 | self.shell.user_ns.update(prog_ns) |
|
651 | 651 | finally: |
|
652 | 652 | # It's a bit of a mystery why, but __builtins__ can change from |
|
653 | 653 | # being a module to becoming a dict missing some key data after |
|
654 | 654 | # %run. As best I can see, this is NOT something IPython is doing |
|
655 | 655 | # at all, and similar problems have been reported before: |
|
656 | 656 | # http://coding.derkeiler.com/Archive/Python/comp.lang.python/2004-10/0188.html |
|
657 | 657 | # Since this seems to be done by the interpreter itself, the best |
|
658 | 658 | # we can do is to at least restore __builtins__ for the user on |
|
659 | 659 | # exit. |
|
660 | 660 | self.shell.user_ns['__builtins__'] = builtin_mod |
|
661 | 661 | |
|
662 | 662 | # Ensure key global structures are restored |
|
663 | 663 | sys.argv = save_argv |
|
664 | 664 | if restore_main: |
|
665 | 665 | sys.modules['__main__'] = restore_main |
|
666 | 666 | else: |
|
667 | 667 | # Remove from sys.modules the reference to main_mod we'd |
|
668 | 668 | # added. Otherwise it will trap references to objects |
|
669 | 669 | # contained therein. |
|
670 | 670 | del sys.modules[main_mod_name] |
|
671 | 671 | |
|
672 | 672 | return stats |
|
673 | 673 | |
|
674 | 674 | def _run_with_debugger(self, code, code_ns, filename=None, |
|
675 | 675 | bp_line=None, bp_file=None): |
|
676 | 676 | """ |
|
677 | 677 | Run `code` in debugger with a break point. |
|
678 | 678 | |
|
679 | 679 | Parameters |
|
680 | 680 | ---------- |
|
681 | 681 | code : str |
|
682 | 682 | Code to execute. |
|
683 | 683 | code_ns : dict |
|
684 | 684 | A namespace in which `code` is executed. |
|
685 | 685 | filename : str |
|
686 | 686 | `code` is ran as if it is in `filename`. |
|
687 | 687 | bp_line : int, optional |
|
688 | 688 | Line number of the break point. |
|
689 | 689 | bp_file : str, optional |
|
690 | 690 | Path to the file in which break point is specified. |
|
691 | 691 | `filename` is used if not given. |
|
692 | 692 | |
|
693 | 693 | Raises |
|
694 | 694 | ------ |
|
695 | 695 | UsageError |
|
696 | 696 | If the break point given by `bp_line` is not valid. |
|
697 | 697 | |
|
698 | 698 | """ |
|
699 | 699 | deb = debugger.Pdb(self.shell.colors) |
|
700 | 700 | # reset Breakpoint state, which is moronically kept |
|
701 | 701 | # in a class |
|
702 | 702 | bdb.Breakpoint.next = 1 |
|
703 | 703 | bdb.Breakpoint.bplist = {} |
|
704 | 704 | bdb.Breakpoint.bpbynumber = [None] |
|
705 | 705 | if bp_line is not None: |
|
706 | 706 | # Set an initial breakpoint to stop execution |
|
707 | 707 | maxtries = 10 |
|
708 | 708 | bp_file = bp_file or filename |
|
709 | 709 | checkline = deb.checkline(bp_file, bp_line) |
|
710 | 710 | if not checkline: |
|
711 | 711 | for bp in range(bp_line + 1, bp_line + maxtries + 1): |
|
712 | 712 | if deb.checkline(bp_file, bp): |
|
713 | 713 | break |
|
714 | 714 | else: |
|
715 | 715 | msg = ("\nI failed to find a valid line to set " |
|
716 | 716 | "a breakpoint\n" |
|
717 | 717 | "after trying up to line: %s.\n" |
|
718 | 718 | "Please set a valid breakpoint manually " |
|
719 | 719 | "with the -b option." % bp) |
|
720 | 720 | raise UsageError(msg) |
|
721 | 721 | # if we find a good linenumber, set the breakpoint |
|
722 | 722 | deb.do_break('%s:%s' % (bp_file, bp_line)) |
|
723 | 723 | |
|
724 | 724 | if filename: |
|
725 | 725 | # Mimic Pdb._runscript(...) |
|
726 | 726 | deb._wait_for_mainpyfile = True |
|
727 | 727 | deb.mainpyfile = deb.canonic(filename) |
|
728 | 728 | |
|
729 | 729 | # Start file run |
|
730 | 730 | print "NOTE: Enter 'c' at the %s prompt to continue execution." % deb.prompt |
|
731 | 731 | try: |
|
732 | 732 | if filename: |
|
733 | 733 | # save filename so it can be used by methods on the deb object |
|
734 | 734 | deb._exec_filename = filename |
|
735 | 735 | deb.run(code, code_ns) |
|
736 | 736 | |
|
737 | 737 | except: |
|
738 | 738 | etype, value, tb = sys.exc_info() |
|
739 | 739 | # Skip three frames in the traceback: the %run one, |
|
740 | 740 | # one inside bdb.py, and the command-line typed by the |
|
741 | 741 | # user (run by exec in pdb itself). |
|
742 | 742 | self.shell.InteractiveTB(etype, value, tb, tb_offset=3) |
|
743 | 743 | |
|
744 | 744 | @staticmethod |
|
745 | 745 | def _run_with_timing(run, nruns): |
|
746 | 746 | """ |
|
747 | 747 | Run function `run` and print timing information. |
|
748 | 748 | |
|
749 | 749 | Parameters |
|
750 | 750 | ---------- |
|
751 | 751 | run : callable |
|
752 | 752 | Any callable object which takes no argument. |
|
753 | 753 | nruns : int |
|
754 | 754 | Number of times to execute `run`. |
|
755 | 755 | |
|
756 | 756 | """ |
|
757 | 757 | twall0 = time.time() |
|
758 | 758 | if nruns == 1: |
|
759 | 759 | t0 = clock2() |
|
760 | 760 | run() |
|
761 | 761 | t1 = clock2() |
|
762 | 762 | t_usr = t1[0] - t0[0] |
|
763 | 763 | t_sys = t1[1] - t0[1] |
|
764 | 764 | print "\nIPython CPU timings (estimated):" |
|
765 | 765 | print " User : %10.2f s." % t_usr |
|
766 | 766 | print " System : %10.2f s." % t_sys |
|
767 | 767 | else: |
|
768 | 768 | runs = range(nruns) |
|
769 | 769 | t0 = clock2() |
|
770 | 770 | for nr in runs: |
|
771 | 771 | run() |
|
772 | 772 | t1 = clock2() |
|
773 | 773 | t_usr = t1[0] - t0[0] |
|
774 | 774 | t_sys = t1[1] - t0[1] |
|
775 | 775 | print "\nIPython CPU timings (estimated):" |
|
776 | 776 | print "Total runs performed:", nruns |
|
777 | 777 | print " Times : %10s %10s" % ('Total', 'Per run') |
|
778 | 778 | print " User : %10.2f s, %10.2f s." % (t_usr, t_usr / nruns) |
|
779 | 779 | print " System : %10.2f s, %10.2f s." % (t_sys, t_sys / nruns) |
|
780 | 780 | twall1 = time.time() |
|
781 | 781 | print "Wall time: %10.2f s." % (twall1 - twall0) |
|
782 | 782 | |
|
783 | 783 | @skip_doctest |
|
784 | 784 | @line_cell_magic |
|
785 | 785 | def timeit(self, line='', cell=None): |
|
786 | 786 | """Time execution of a Python statement or expression |
|
787 | 787 | |
|
788 | 788 | Usage, in line mode: |
|
789 | 789 | %timeit [-n<N> -r<R> [-t|-c]] statement |
|
790 | 790 | or in cell mode: |
|
791 | 791 | %%timeit [-n<N> -r<R> [-t|-c]] setup_code |
|
792 | 792 | code |
|
793 | 793 | code... |
|
794 | 794 | |
|
795 | 795 | Time execution of a Python statement or expression using the timeit |
|
796 | 796 | module. This function can be used both as a line and cell magic: |
|
797 | 797 | |
|
798 | 798 | - In line mode you can time a single-line statement (though multiple |
|
799 | 799 | ones can be chained with using semicolons). |
|
800 | 800 | |
|
801 | 801 | - In cell mode, the statement in the first line is used as setup code |
|
802 | 802 | (executed but not timed) and the body of the cell is timed. The cell |
|
803 | 803 | body has access to any variables created in the setup code. |
|
804 | 804 | |
|
805 | 805 | Options: |
|
806 | 806 | -n<N>: execute the given statement <N> times in a loop. If this value |
|
807 | 807 | is not given, a fitting value is chosen. |
|
808 | 808 | |
|
809 | 809 | -r<R>: repeat the loop iteration <R> times and take the best result. |
|
810 | 810 | Default: 3 |
|
811 | 811 | |
|
812 | 812 | -t: use time.time to measure the time, which is the default on Unix. |
|
813 | 813 | This function measures wall time. |
|
814 | 814 | |
|
815 | 815 | -c: use time.clock to measure the time, which is the default on |
|
816 | 816 | Windows and measures wall time. On Unix, resource.getrusage is used |
|
817 | 817 | instead and returns the CPU user time. |
|
818 | 818 | |
|
819 | 819 | -p<P>: use a precision of <P> digits to display the timing result. |
|
820 | 820 | Default: 3 |
|
821 | 821 | |
|
822 | 822 | |
|
823 | 823 | Examples |
|
824 | 824 | -------- |
|
825 | 825 | :: |
|
826 | 826 | |
|
827 | 827 | In [1]: %timeit pass |
|
828 | 828 | 10000000 loops, best of 3: 53.3 ns per loop |
|
829 | 829 | |
|
830 | 830 | In [2]: u = None |
|
831 | 831 | |
|
832 | 832 | In [3]: %timeit u is None |
|
833 | 833 | 10000000 loops, best of 3: 184 ns per loop |
|
834 | 834 | |
|
835 | 835 | In [4]: %timeit -r 4 u == None |
|
836 | 836 | 1000000 loops, best of 4: 242 ns per loop |
|
837 | 837 | |
|
838 | 838 | In [5]: import time |
|
839 | 839 | |
|
840 | 840 | In [6]: %timeit -n1 time.sleep(2) |
|
841 | 841 | 1 loops, best of 3: 2 s per loop |
|
842 | 842 | |
|
843 | 843 | |
|
844 | 844 | The times reported by %timeit will be slightly higher than those |
|
845 | 845 | reported by the timeit.py script when variables are accessed. This is |
|
846 | 846 | due to the fact that %timeit executes the statement in the namespace |
|
847 | 847 | of the shell, compared with timeit.py, which uses a single setup |
|
848 | 848 | statement to import function or create variables. Generally, the bias |
|
849 | 849 | does not matter as long as results from timeit.py are not mixed with |
|
850 | 850 | those from %timeit.""" |
|
851 | 851 | |
|
852 | 852 | import timeit |
|
853 | 853 | |
|
854 | 854 | opts, stmt = self.parse_options(line,'n:r:tcp:', |
|
855 | 855 | posix=False, strict=False) |
|
856 | 856 | if stmt == "" and cell is None: |
|
857 | 857 | return |
|
858 | 858 | |
|
859 | 859 | timefunc = timeit.default_timer |
|
860 | 860 | number = int(getattr(opts, "n", 0)) |
|
861 | 861 | repeat = int(getattr(opts, "r", timeit.default_repeat)) |
|
862 | 862 | precision = int(getattr(opts, "p", 3)) |
|
863 | 863 | if hasattr(opts, "t"): |
|
864 | 864 | timefunc = time.time |
|
865 | 865 | if hasattr(opts, "c"): |
|
866 | 866 | timefunc = clock |
|
867 | 867 | |
|
868 | 868 | timer = timeit.Timer(timer=timefunc) |
|
869 | 869 | # this code has tight coupling to the inner workings of timeit.Timer, |
|
870 | 870 | # but is there a better way to achieve that the code stmt has access |
|
871 | 871 | # to the shell namespace? |
|
872 | 872 | transform = self.shell.input_splitter.transform_cell |
|
873 | 873 | |
|
874 | 874 | if cell is None: |
|
875 | 875 | # called as line magic |
|
876 | 876 | ast_setup = ast.parse("pass") |
|
877 | 877 | ast_stmt = ast.parse(transform(stmt)) |
|
878 | 878 | else: |
|
879 | 879 | ast_setup = ast.parse(transform(stmt)) |
|
880 | 880 | ast_stmt = ast.parse(transform(cell)) |
|
881 | 881 | |
|
882 | 882 | ast_setup = self.shell.transform_ast(ast_setup) |
|
883 | 883 | ast_stmt = self.shell.transform_ast(ast_stmt) |
|
884 | 884 | |
|
885 | 885 | # This codestring is taken from timeit.template - we fill it in as an |
|
886 | 886 | # AST, so that we can apply our AST transformations to the user code |
|
887 | 887 | # without affecting the timing code. |
|
888 | 888 | timeit_ast_template = ast.parse('def inner(_it, _timer):\n' |
|
889 | 889 | ' setup\n' |
|
890 | 890 | ' _t0 = _timer()\n' |
|
891 | 891 | ' for _i in _it:\n' |
|
892 | 892 | ' stmt\n' |
|
893 | 893 | ' _t1 = _timer()\n' |
|
894 | 894 | ' return _t1 - _t0\n') |
|
895 | 895 | |
|
896 | 896 | class TimeitTemplateFiller(ast.NodeTransformer): |
|
897 | 897 | "This is quite tightly tied to the template definition above." |
|
898 | 898 | def visit_FunctionDef(self, node): |
|
899 | 899 | "Fill in the setup statement" |
|
900 | 900 | self.generic_visit(node) |
|
901 | 901 | if node.name == "inner": |
|
902 | 902 | node.body[:1] = ast_setup.body |
|
903 | 903 | |
|
904 | 904 | return node |
|
905 | 905 | |
|
906 | 906 | def visit_For(self, node): |
|
907 | 907 | "Fill in the statement to be timed" |
|
908 | 908 | if getattr(getattr(node.body[0], 'value', None), 'id', None) == 'stmt': |
|
909 | 909 | node.body = ast_stmt.body |
|
910 | 910 | return node |
|
911 | 911 | |
|
912 | 912 | timeit_ast = TimeitTemplateFiller().visit(timeit_ast_template) |
|
913 | 913 | timeit_ast = ast.fix_missing_locations(timeit_ast) |
|
914 | 914 | |
|
915 | 915 | # Track compilation time so it can be reported if too long |
|
916 | 916 | # Minimum time above which compilation time will be reported |
|
917 | 917 | tc_min = 0.1 |
|
918 | 918 | |
|
919 | 919 | t0 = clock() |
|
920 | 920 | code = compile(timeit_ast, "<magic-timeit>", "exec") |
|
921 | 921 | tc = clock()-t0 |
|
922 | 922 | |
|
923 | 923 | ns = {} |
|
924 | 924 | exec code in self.shell.user_ns, ns |
|
925 | 925 | timer.inner = ns["inner"] |
|
926 | 926 | |
|
927 | 927 | if number == 0: |
|
928 | 928 | # determine number so that 0.2 <= total time < 2.0 |
|
929 | 929 | number = 1 |
|
930 | 930 | for i in range(1, 10): |
|
931 | 931 | if timer.timeit(number) >= 0.2: |
|
932 | 932 | break |
|
933 | 933 | number *= 10 |
|
934 | 934 | |
|
935 | 935 | best = min(timer.repeat(repeat, number)) / number |
|
936 | 936 | |
|
937 | 937 | print u"%d loops, best of %d: %s per loop" % (number, repeat, |
|
938 | 938 | _format_time(best, precision)) |
|
939 | 939 | if tc > tc_min: |
|
940 | 940 | print "Compiler time: %.2f s" % tc |
|
941 | 941 | |
|
942 | 942 | @skip_doctest |
|
943 | 943 | @needs_local_scope |
|
944 | 944 | @line_cell_magic |
|
945 | 945 | def time(self,line='', cell=None, local_ns=None): |
|
946 | 946 | """Time execution of a Python statement or expression. |
|
947 | 947 | |
|
948 | 948 | The CPU and wall clock times are printed, and the value of the |
|
949 | 949 | expression (if any) is returned. Note that under Win32, system time |
|
950 | 950 | is always reported as 0, since it can not be measured. |
|
951 | 951 | |
|
952 | 952 | This function can be used both as a line and cell magic: |
|
953 | 953 | |
|
954 | 954 | - In line mode you can time a single-line statement (though multiple |
|
955 | 955 | ones can be chained with using semicolons). |
|
956 | 956 | |
|
957 | 957 | - In cell mode, you can time the cell body (a directly |
|
958 | 958 | following statement raises an error). |
|
959 | 959 | |
|
960 | 960 | This function provides very basic timing functionality. Use the timeit |
|
961 | 961 | magic for more controll over the measurement. |
|
962 | 962 | |
|
963 | 963 | Examples |
|
964 | 964 | -------- |
|
965 | 965 | :: |
|
966 | 966 | |
|
967 | 967 | In [1]: %time 2**128 |
|
968 | 968 | CPU times: user 0.00 s, sys: 0.00 s, total: 0.00 s |
|
969 | 969 | Wall time: 0.00 |
|
970 | 970 | Out[1]: 340282366920938463463374607431768211456L |
|
971 | 971 | |
|
972 | 972 | In [2]: n = 1000000 |
|
973 | 973 | |
|
974 | 974 | In [3]: %time sum(range(n)) |
|
975 | 975 | CPU times: user 1.20 s, sys: 0.05 s, total: 1.25 s |
|
976 | 976 | Wall time: 1.37 |
|
977 | 977 | Out[3]: 499999500000L |
|
978 | 978 | |
|
979 | 979 | In [4]: %time print 'hello world' |
|
980 | 980 | hello world |
|
981 | 981 | CPU times: user 0.00 s, sys: 0.00 s, total: 0.00 s |
|
982 | 982 | Wall time: 0.00 |
|
983 | 983 | |
|
984 | 984 | Note that the time needed by Python to compile the given expression |
|
985 | 985 | will be reported if it is more than 0.1s. In this example, the |
|
986 | 986 | actual exponentiation is done by Python at compilation time, so while |
|
987 | 987 | the expression can take a noticeable amount of time to compute, that |
|
988 | 988 | time is purely due to the compilation: |
|
989 | 989 | |
|
990 | 990 | In [5]: %time 3**9999; |
|
991 | 991 | CPU times: user 0.00 s, sys: 0.00 s, total: 0.00 s |
|
992 | 992 | Wall time: 0.00 s |
|
993 | 993 | |
|
994 | 994 | In [6]: %time 3**999999; |
|
995 | 995 | CPU times: user 0.00 s, sys: 0.00 s, total: 0.00 s |
|
996 | 996 | Wall time: 0.00 s |
|
997 | 997 | Compiler : 0.78 s |
|
998 | 998 | """ |
|
999 | 999 | |
|
1000 | 1000 | # fail immediately if the given expression can't be compiled |
|
1001 | 1001 | |
|
1002 | 1002 | if line and cell: |
|
1003 | 1003 | raise UsageError("Can't use statement directly after '%%time'!") |
|
1004 | 1004 | |
|
1005 | 1005 | if cell: |
|
1006 | 1006 | expr = self.shell.input_transformer_manager.transform_cell(cell) |
|
1007 | 1007 | else: |
|
1008 | 1008 | expr = self.shell.input_transformer_manager.transform_cell(line) |
|
1009 | 1009 | |
|
1010 | 1010 | # Minimum time above which parse time will be reported |
|
1011 | 1011 | tp_min = 0.1 |
|
1012 | 1012 | |
|
1013 | 1013 | t0 = clock() |
|
1014 | 1014 | expr_ast = ast.parse(expr) |
|
1015 | 1015 | tp = clock()-t0 |
|
1016 | 1016 | |
|
1017 | 1017 | # Apply AST transformations |
|
1018 | 1018 | expr_ast = self.shell.transform_ast(expr_ast) |
|
1019 | 1019 | |
|
1020 | 1020 | # Minimum time above which compilation time will be reported |
|
1021 | 1021 | tc_min = 0.1 |
|
1022 | 1022 | |
|
1023 | 1023 | if len(expr_ast.body)==1 and isinstance(expr_ast.body[0], ast.Expr): |
|
1024 | 1024 | mode = 'eval' |
|
1025 | 1025 | source = '<timed eval>' |
|
1026 | 1026 | expr_ast = ast.Expression(expr_ast.body[0].value) |
|
1027 | 1027 | else: |
|
1028 | 1028 | mode = 'exec' |
|
1029 | 1029 | source = '<timed exec>' |
|
1030 | 1030 | t0 = clock() |
|
1031 | 1031 | code = compile(expr_ast, source, mode) |
|
1032 | 1032 | tc = clock()-t0 |
|
1033 | 1033 | |
|
1034 | 1034 | # skew measurement as little as possible |
|
1035 | 1035 | glob = self.shell.user_ns |
|
1036 | 1036 | wtime = time.time |
|
1037 | 1037 | # time execution |
|
1038 | 1038 | wall_st = wtime() |
|
1039 | 1039 | if mode=='eval': |
|
1040 | 1040 | st = clock2() |
|
1041 | 1041 | out = eval(code, glob, local_ns) |
|
1042 | 1042 | end = clock2() |
|
1043 | 1043 | else: |
|
1044 | 1044 | st = clock2() |
|
1045 | 1045 | exec code in glob, local_ns |
|
1046 | 1046 | end = clock2() |
|
1047 | 1047 | out = None |
|
1048 | 1048 | wall_end = wtime() |
|
1049 | 1049 | # Compute actual times and report |
|
1050 | 1050 | wall_time = wall_end-wall_st |
|
1051 | 1051 | cpu_user = end[0]-st[0] |
|
1052 | 1052 | cpu_sys = end[1]-st[1] |
|
1053 | 1053 | cpu_tot = cpu_user+cpu_sys |
|
1054 | 1054 | # On windows cpu_sys is always zero, so no new information to the next print |
|
1055 | 1055 | if sys.platform != 'win32': |
|
1056 | 1056 | print "CPU times: user %s, sys: %s, total: %s" % \ |
|
1057 | 1057 | (_format_time(cpu_user),_format_time(cpu_sys),_format_time(cpu_tot)) |
|
1058 | 1058 | print "Wall time: %s" % _format_time(wall_time) |
|
1059 | 1059 | if tc > tc_min: |
|
1060 | 1060 | print "Compiler : %s" % _format_time(tc) |
|
1061 | 1061 | if tp > tp_min: |
|
1062 | 1062 | print "Parser : %s" % _format_time(tp) |
|
1063 | 1063 | return out |
|
1064 | 1064 | |
|
1065 | 1065 | @skip_doctest |
|
1066 | 1066 | @line_magic |
|
1067 | 1067 | def macro(self, parameter_s=''): |
|
1068 | 1068 | """Define a macro for future re-execution. It accepts ranges of history, |
|
1069 | 1069 | filenames or string objects. |
|
1070 | 1070 | |
|
1071 | 1071 | Usage:\\ |
|
1072 | 1072 | %macro [options] name n1-n2 n3-n4 ... n5 .. n6 ... |
|
1073 | 1073 | |
|
1074 | 1074 | Options: |
|
1075 | 1075 | |
|
1076 | 1076 | -r: use 'raw' input. By default, the 'processed' history is used, |
|
1077 | 1077 | so that magics are loaded in their transformed version to valid |
|
1078 | 1078 | Python. If this option is given, the raw input as typed at the |
|
1079 | 1079 | command line is used instead. |
|
1080 | 1080 | |
|
1081 | 1081 | -q: quiet macro definition. By default, a tag line is printed |
|
1082 | 1082 | to indicate the macro has been created, and then the contents of |
|
1083 | 1083 | the macro are printed. If this option is given, then no printout |
|
1084 | 1084 | is produced once the macro is created. |
|
1085 | 1085 | |
|
1086 | 1086 | This will define a global variable called `name` which is a string |
|
1087 | 1087 | made of joining the slices and lines you specify (n1,n2,... numbers |
|
1088 | 1088 | above) from your input history into a single string. This variable |
|
1089 | 1089 | acts like an automatic function which re-executes those lines as if |
|
1090 | 1090 | you had typed them. You just type 'name' at the prompt and the code |
|
1091 | 1091 | executes. |
|
1092 | 1092 | |
|
1093 | 1093 | The syntax for indicating input ranges is described in %history. |
|
1094 | 1094 | |
|
1095 | 1095 | Note: as a 'hidden' feature, you can also use traditional python slice |
|
1096 | 1096 | notation, where N:M means numbers N through M-1. |
|
1097 | 1097 | |
|
1098 | 1098 | For example, if your history contains (print using %hist -n ):: |
|
1099 | 1099 | |
|
1100 | 1100 | 44: x=1 |
|
1101 | 1101 | 45: y=3 |
|
1102 | 1102 | 46: z=x+y |
|
1103 | 1103 | 47: print x |
|
1104 | 1104 | 48: a=5 |
|
1105 | 1105 | 49: print 'x',x,'y',y |
|
1106 | 1106 | |
|
1107 | 1107 | you can create a macro with lines 44 through 47 (included) and line 49 |
|
1108 | 1108 | called my_macro with:: |
|
1109 | 1109 | |
|
1110 | 1110 | In [55]: %macro my_macro 44-47 49 |
|
1111 | 1111 | |
|
1112 | 1112 | Now, typing `my_macro` (without quotes) will re-execute all this code |
|
1113 | 1113 | in one pass. |
|
1114 | 1114 | |
|
1115 | 1115 | You don't need to give the line-numbers in order, and any given line |
|
1116 | 1116 | number can appear multiple times. You can assemble macros with any |
|
1117 | 1117 | lines from your input history in any order. |
|
1118 | 1118 | |
|
1119 | 1119 | The macro is a simple object which holds its value in an attribute, |
|
1120 | 1120 | but IPython's display system checks for macros and executes them as |
|
1121 | 1121 | code instead of printing them when you type their name. |
|
1122 | 1122 | |
|
1123 | 1123 | You can view a macro's contents by explicitly printing it with:: |
|
1124 | 1124 | |
|
1125 | 1125 | print macro_name |
|
1126 | 1126 | |
|
1127 | 1127 | """ |
|
1128 | 1128 | opts,args = self.parse_options(parameter_s,'rq',mode='list') |
|
1129 | 1129 | if not args: # List existing macros |
|
1130 | 1130 | return sorted(k for k,v in self.shell.user_ns.iteritems() if\ |
|
1131 | 1131 | isinstance(v, Macro)) |
|
1132 | 1132 | if len(args) == 1: |
|
1133 | 1133 | raise UsageError( |
|
1134 | 1134 | "%macro insufficient args; usage '%macro name n1-n2 n3-4...") |
|
1135 | 1135 | name, codefrom = args[0], " ".join(args[1:]) |
|
1136 | 1136 | |
|
1137 | 1137 | #print 'rng',ranges # dbg |
|
1138 | 1138 | try: |
|
1139 | 1139 | lines = self.shell.find_user_code(codefrom, 'r' in opts) |
|
1140 | 1140 | except (ValueError, TypeError) as e: |
|
1141 | 1141 | print e.args[0] |
|
1142 | 1142 | return |
|
1143 | 1143 | macro = Macro(lines) |
|
1144 | 1144 | self.shell.define_macro(name, macro) |
|
1145 | 1145 | if not ( 'q' in opts) : |
|
1146 | 1146 | print 'Macro `%s` created. To execute, type its name (without quotes).' % name |
|
1147 | 1147 | print '=== Macro contents: ===' |
|
1148 | 1148 | print macro, |
|
1149 | 1149 | |
|
1150 | 1150 | @magic_arguments.magic_arguments() |
|
1151 | 1151 | @magic_arguments.argument('output', type=str, default='', nargs='?', |
|
1152 | 1152 | help="""The name of the variable in which to store output. |
|
1153 | 1153 | This is a utils.io.CapturedIO object with stdout/err attributes |
|
1154 | 1154 | for the text of the captured output. |
|
1155 | 1155 | |
|
1156 | 1156 | CapturedOutput also has a show() method for displaying the output, |
|
1157 | 1157 | and __call__ as well, so you can use that to quickly display the |
|
1158 | 1158 | output. |
|
1159 | 1159 | |
|
1160 | 1160 | If unspecified, captured output is discarded. |
|
1161 | 1161 | """ |
|
1162 | 1162 | ) |
|
1163 | 1163 | @magic_arguments.argument('--no-stderr', action="store_true", |
|
1164 | 1164 | help="""Don't capture stderr.""" |
|
1165 | 1165 | ) |
|
1166 | 1166 | @magic_arguments.argument('--no-stdout', action="store_true", |
|
1167 | 1167 | help="""Don't capture stdout.""" |
|
1168 | 1168 | ) |
|
1169 | 1169 | @magic_arguments.argument('--no-display', action="store_true", |
|
1170 | 1170 | help="""Don't capture IPython's rich display.""" |
|
1171 | 1171 | ) |
|
1172 | 1172 | @cell_magic |
|
1173 | 1173 | def capture(self, line, cell): |
|
1174 | 1174 | """run the cell, capturing stdout, stderr, and IPython's rich display() calls.""" |
|
1175 | 1175 | args = magic_arguments.parse_argstring(self.capture, line) |
|
1176 | 1176 | out = not args.no_stdout |
|
1177 | 1177 | err = not args.no_stderr |
|
1178 | 1178 | disp = not args.no_display |
|
1179 | 1179 | with capture_output(out, err, disp) as io: |
|
1180 | 1180 | self.shell.run_cell(cell) |
|
1181 | 1181 | if args.output: |
|
1182 | 1182 | self.shell.user_ns[args.output] = io |
|
1183 | 1183 | |
|
1184 | 1184 | def parse_breakpoint(text, current_file): |
|
1185 | 1185 | '''Returns (file, line) for file:line and (current_file, line) for line''' |
|
1186 | 1186 | colon = text.find(':') |
|
1187 | 1187 | if colon == -1: |
|
1188 | 1188 | return current_file, int(text) |
|
1189 | 1189 | else: |
|
1190 | 1190 | return text[:colon], int(text[colon+1:]) |
|
1191 | 1191 | |
|
1192 | 1192 | def _format_time(timespan, precision=3): |
|
1193 | 1193 | """Formats the timespan in a human readable form""" |
|
1194 | 1194 | import math |
|
1195 | 1195 | |
|
1196 | 1196 | if timespan >= 60.0: |
|
1197 | 1197 | # we have more than a minute, format that in a human readable form |
|
1198 | 1198 | # Idea from http://snipplr.com/view/5713/ |
|
1199 | 1199 | parts = [("d", 60*60*24),("h", 60*60),("min", 60), ("s", 1)] |
|
1200 | 1200 | time = [] |
|
1201 | 1201 | leftover = timespan |
|
1202 | 1202 | for suffix, length in parts: |
|
1203 | 1203 | value = int(leftover / length) |
|
1204 | 1204 | if value > 0: |
|
1205 | 1205 | leftover = leftover % length |
|
1206 | 1206 | time.append(u'%s%s' % (str(value), suffix)) |
|
1207 | 1207 | if leftover < 1: |
|
1208 | 1208 | break |
|
1209 | 1209 | return " ".join(time) |
|
1210 | 1210 | |
|
1211 | 1211 | |
|
1212 | 1212 | # Unfortunately the unicode 'micro' symbol can cause problems in |
|
1213 | 1213 | # certain terminals. |
|
1214 | 1214 | # See bug: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ipython/+bug/348466 |
|
1215 | 1215 | # Try to prevent crashes by being more secure than it needs to |
|
1216 | 1216 | # E.g. eclipse is able to print a µ, but has no sys.stdout.encoding set. |
|
1217 | 1217 | units = [u"s", u"ms",u'us',"ns"] # the save value |
|
1218 | 1218 | if hasattr(sys.stdout, 'encoding') and sys.stdout.encoding: |
|
1219 | 1219 | try: |
|
1220 | 1220 | u'\xb5'.encode(sys.stdout.encoding) |
|
1221 | 1221 | units = [u"s", u"ms",u'\xb5s',"ns"] |
|
1222 | 1222 | except: |
|
1223 | 1223 | pass |
|
1224 | 1224 | scaling = [1, 1e3, 1e6, 1e9] |
|
1225 | 1225 | |
|
1226 | 1226 | if timespan > 0.0: |
|
1227 | 1227 | order = min(-int(math.floor(math.log10(timespan)) // 3), 3) |
|
1228 | 1228 | else: |
|
1229 | 1229 | order = 3 |
|
1230 | 1230 | ret = u"%.*g %s" % (precision, timespan * scaling[order], units[order]) |
|
1231 | 1231 | return ret |
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