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1 | 1 | """Implementation of basic magic functions. |
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2 | 2 | """ |
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3 | 3 | #----------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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4 | 4 | # Copyright (c) 2012 The IPython Development Team. |
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5 | 5 | # |
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6 | 6 | # Distributed under the terms of the Modified BSD License. |
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7 | 7 | # |
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8 | 8 | # The full license is in the file COPYING.txt, distributed with this software. |
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9 | 9 | #----------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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10 | 10 | |
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11 | 11 | #----------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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12 | 12 | # Imports |
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13 | 13 | #----------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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14 | 14 | from __future__ import print_function |
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15 | 15 | |
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16 | 16 | # Stdlib |
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17 | 17 | import io |
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18 | 18 | import json |
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19 | 19 | import sys |
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20 | 20 | from pprint import pformat |
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21 | 21 | |
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22 | 22 | # Our own packages |
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23 | 23 | from IPython.core import magic_arguments |
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24 | 24 | from IPython.core.error import UsageError |
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25 | 25 | from IPython.core.magic import Magics, magics_class, line_magic, magic_escapes |
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26 | 26 | from IPython.utils.text import format_screen, dedent, indent |
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27 | 27 | from IPython.core import magic_arguments, page |
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28 | 28 | from IPython.testing.skipdoctest import skip_doctest |
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29 | 29 | from IPython.utils.ipstruct import Struct |
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30 | 30 | from IPython.utils.path import unquote_filename |
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31 | 31 | from IPython.utils.warn import warn, error |
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32 | 32 | |
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33 | 33 | #----------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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34 | 34 | # Magics class implementation |
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35 | 35 | #----------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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36 | 36 | |
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37 | 37 | class MagicsDisplay(object): |
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38 | 38 | def __init__(self, magics_manager): |
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39 | 39 | self.magics_manager = magics_manager |
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40 | 40 | |
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41 | 41 | def _lsmagic(self): |
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42 | 42 | """The main implementation of the %lsmagic""" |
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43 | 43 | mesc = magic_escapes['line'] |
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44 | 44 | cesc = magic_escapes['cell'] |
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45 | 45 | mman = self.magics_manager |
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46 | 46 | magics = mman.lsmagic() |
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47 | 47 | out = ['Available line magics:', |
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48 | 48 | mesc + (' '+mesc).join(sorted(magics['line'])), |
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49 | 49 | '', |
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50 | 50 | 'Available cell magics:', |
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51 | 51 | cesc + (' '+cesc).join(sorted(magics['cell'])), |
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52 | 52 | '', |
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53 | 53 | mman.auto_status()] |
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54 | 54 | return '\n'.join(out) |
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55 | 55 | |
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56 | 56 | def _repr_pretty_(self, p, cycle): |
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57 | 57 | p.text(self._lsmagic()) |
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58 | 58 | |
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59 | 59 | def __str__(self): |
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60 | 60 | return self._lsmagic() |
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61 | 61 | |
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62 | 62 | def _jsonable(self): |
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63 | 63 | """turn magics dict into jsonable dict of the same structure |
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64 | 64 | |
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65 | 65 | replaces object instances with their class names as strings |
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66 | 66 | """ |
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67 | 67 | magic_dict = {} |
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68 | 68 | mman = self.magics_manager |
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69 | 69 | magics = mman.lsmagic() |
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70 | 70 | for key, subdict in magics.items(): |
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71 | 71 | d = {} |
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72 | 72 | magic_dict[key] = d |
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73 | 73 | for name, obj in subdict.items(): |
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74 | 74 | try: |
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75 | 75 | classname = obj.im_class.__name__ |
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76 | 76 | except AttributeError: |
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77 | 77 | classname = 'Other' |
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78 | 78 | |
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79 | 79 | d[name] = classname |
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80 | 80 | return magic_dict |
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81 | 81 | |
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82 | 82 | def _repr_json_(self): |
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83 | 83 | return json.dumps(self._jsonable()) |
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84 | 84 | |
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85 | 85 | |
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86 | 86 | @magics_class |
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87 | 87 | class BasicMagics(Magics): |
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88 | 88 | """Magics that provide central IPython functionality. |
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89 | 89 | |
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90 | 90 | These are various magics that don't fit into specific categories but that |
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91 | 91 | are all part of the base 'IPython experience'.""" |
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92 | 92 | |
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93 | 93 | @magic_arguments.magic_arguments() |
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94 | 94 | @magic_arguments.argument( |
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95 | 95 | '-l', '--line', action='store_true', |
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96 | 96 | help="""Create a line magic alias.""" |
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97 | 97 | ) |
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98 | 98 | @magic_arguments.argument( |
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99 | 99 | '-c', '--cell', action='store_true', |
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100 | 100 | help="""Create a cell magic alias.""" |
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101 | 101 | ) |
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102 | 102 | @magic_arguments.argument( |
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103 | 103 | 'name', |
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104 | 104 | help="""Name of the magic to be created.""" |
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105 | 105 | ) |
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106 | 106 | @magic_arguments.argument( |
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107 | 107 | 'target', |
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108 | 108 | help="""Name of the existing line or cell magic.""" |
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109 | 109 | ) |
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110 | 110 | @line_magic |
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111 | 111 | def alias_magic(self, line=''): |
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112 | 112 | """Create an alias for an existing line or cell magic. |
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113 | 113 | |
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114 | 114 | Examples |
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115 | 115 | -------- |
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116 | 116 | :: |
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117 | 117 | In [1]: %alias_magic t timeit |
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118 | 118 | Created `%t` as an alias for `%timeit`. |
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119 | 119 | Created `%%t` as an alias for `%%timeit`. |
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120 | 120 | |
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121 | 121 | In [2]: %t -n1 pass |
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122 | 122 | 1 loops, best of 3: 954 ns per loop |
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123 | 123 | |
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124 | 124 | In [3]: %%t -n1 |
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125 | 125 | ...: pass |
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126 | 126 | ...: |
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127 | 127 | 1 loops, best of 3: 954 ns per loop |
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128 | 128 | |
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129 | 129 | In [4]: %alias_magic --cell whereami pwd |
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130 | 130 | UsageError: Cell magic function `%%pwd` not found. |
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131 | 131 | In [5]: %alias_magic --line whereami pwd |
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132 | 132 | Created `%whereami` as an alias for `%pwd`. |
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133 | 133 | |
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134 | 134 | In [6]: %whereami |
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135 | 135 | Out[6]: u'/home/testuser' |
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136 | 136 | """ |
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137 | 137 | args = magic_arguments.parse_argstring(self.alias_magic, line) |
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138 | 138 | shell = self.shell |
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139 | 139 | mman = self.shell.magics_manager |
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140 | 140 | escs = ''.join(magic_escapes.values()) |
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141 | 141 | |
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142 | 142 | target = args.target.lstrip(escs) |
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143 | 143 | name = args.name.lstrip(escs) |
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144 | 144 | |
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145 | 145 | # Find the requested magics. |
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146 | 146 | m_line = shell.find_magic(target, 'line') |
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147 | 147 | m_cell = shell.find_magic(target, 'cell') |
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148 | 148 | if args.line and m_line is None: |
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149 | 149 | raise UsageError('Line magic function `%s%s` not found.' % |
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150 | 150 | (magic_escapes['line'], target)) |
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151 | 151 | if args.cell and m_cell is None: |
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152 | 152 | raise UsageError('Cell magic function `%s%s` not found.' % |
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153 | 153 | (magic_escapes['cell'], target)) |
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154 | 154 | |
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155 | 155 | # If --line and --cell are not specified, default to the ones |
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156 | 156 | # that are available. |
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157 | 157 | if not args.line and not args.cell: |
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158 | 158 | if not m_line and not m_cell: |
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159 | 159 | raise UsageError( |
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160 | 160 | 'No line or cell magic with name `%s` found.' % target |
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161 | 161 | ) |
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162 | 162 | args.line = bool(m_line) |
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163 | 163 | args.cell = bool(m_cell) |
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164 | 164 | |
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165 | 165 | if args.line: |
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166 | 166 | mman.register_alias(name, target, 'line') |
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167 | 167 | print('Created `%s%s` as an alias for `%s%s`.' % ( |
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168 | 168 | magic_escapes['line'], name, |
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169 | 169 | magic_escapes['line'], target)) |
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170 | 170 | |
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171 | 171 | if args.cell: |
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172 | 172 | mman.register_alias(name, target, 'cell') |
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173 | 173 | print('Created `%s%s` as an alias for `%s%s`.' % ( |
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174 | 174 | magic_escapes['cell'], name, |
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175 | 175 | magic_escapes['cell'], target)) |
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176 | 176 | |
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177 | 177 | @line_magic |
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178 | 178 | def lsmagic(self, parameter_s=''): |
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179 | 179 | """List currently available magic functions.""" |
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180 | 180 | return MagicsDisplay(self.shell.magics_manager) |
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181 | 181 | |
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182 | 182 | def _magic_docs(self, brief=False, rest=False): |
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183 | 183 | """Return docstrings from magic functions.""" |
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184 | 184 | mman = self.shell.magics_manager |
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185 | 185 | docs = mman.lsmagic_docs(brief, missing='No documentation') |
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186 | 186 | |
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187 | 187 | if rest: |
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188 | 188 | format_string = '**%s%s**::\n\n%s\n\n' |
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189 | 189 | else: |
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190 | 190 | format_string = '%s%s:\n%s\n' |
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191 | 191 | |
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192 | 192 | return ''.join( |
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193 | 193 | [format_string % (magic_escapes['line'], fname, |
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194 | 194 | indent(dedent(fndoc))) |
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195 | 195 | for fname, fndoc in sorted(docs['line'].items())] |
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196 | 196 | + |
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197 | 197 | [format_string % (magic_escapes['cell'], fname, |
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198 | 198 | indent(dedent(fndoc))) |
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199 | 199 | for fname, fndoc in sorted(docs['cell'].items())] |
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200 | 200 | ) |
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201 | 201 | |
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202 | 202 | @line_magic |
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203 | 203 | def magic(self, parameter_s=''): |
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204 | 204 | """Print information about the magic function system. |
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205 | 205 | |
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206 | 206 | Supported formats: -latex, -brief, -rest |
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207 | 207 | """ |
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208 | 208 | |
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209 | 209 | mode = '' |
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210 | 210 | try: |
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211 | 211 | mode = parameter_s.split()[0][1:] |
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212 | 212 | if mode == 'rest': |
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213 | 213 | rest_docs = [] |
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214 | 214 | except IndexError: |
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215 | 215 | pass |
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216 | 216 | |
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217 | 217 | brief = (mode == 'brief') |
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218 | 218 | rest = (mode == 'rest') |
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219 | 219 | magic_docs = self._magic_docs(brief, rest) |
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220 | 220 | |
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221 | 221 | if mode == 'latex': |
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222 | 222 | print(self.format_latex(magic_docs)) |
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223 | 223 | return |
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224 | 224 | else: |
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225 | 225 | magic_docs = format_screen(magic_docs) |
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226 | 226 | |
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227 | 227 | out = [""" |
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228 | 228 | IPython's 'magic' functions |
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229 | 229 | =========================== |
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230 | 230 | |
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231 | 231 | The magic function system provides a series of functions which allow you to |
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232 | 232 | control the behavior of IPython itself, plus a lot of system-type |
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233 | 233 | features. There are two kinds of magics, line-oriented and cell-oriented. |
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234 | 234 | |
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235 | 235 | Line magics are prefixed with the % character and work much like OS |
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236 | 236 | command-line calls: they get as an argument the rest of the line, where |
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237 | 237 | arguments are passed without parentheses or quotes. For example, this will |
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238 | 238 | time the given statement:: |
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239 | 239 | |
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240 | 240 | %timeit range(1000) |
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241 | 241 | |
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242 | 242 | Cell magics are prefixed with a double %%, and they are functions that get as |
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243 | 243 | an argument not only the rest of the line, but also the lines below it in a |
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244 | 244 | separate argument. These magics are called with two arguments: the rest of the |
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245 | 245 | call line and the body of the cell, consisting of the lines below the first. |
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246 | 246 | For example:: |
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247 | 247 | |
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248 | 248 | %%timeit x = numpy.random.randn((100, 100)) |
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249 | 249 | numpy.linalg.svd(x) |
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250 | 250 | |
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251 | 251 | will time the execution of the numpy svd routine, running the assignment of x |
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252 | 252 | as part of the setup phase, which is not timed. |
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253 | 253 | |
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254 | 254 | In a line-oriented client (the terminal or Qt console IPython), starting a new |
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255 | 255 | input with %% will automatically enter cell mode, and IPython will continue |
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256 | 256 | reading input until a blank line is given. In the notebook, simply type the |
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257 | 257 | whole cell as one entity, but keep in mind that the %% escape can only be at |
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258 | 258 | the very start of the cell. |
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259 | 259 | |
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260 | 260 | NOTE: If you have 'automagic' enabled (via the command line option or with the |
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261 | 261 | %automagic function), you don't need to type in the % explicitly for line |
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262 | 262 | magics; cell magics always require an explicit '%%' escape. By default, |
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263 | 263 | IPython ships with automagic on, so you should only rarely need the % escape. |
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264 | 264 | |
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265 | 265 | Example: typing '%cd mydir' (without the quotes) changes you working directory |
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266 | 266 | to 'mydir', if it exists. |
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267 | 267 | |
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268 | 268 | For a list of the available magic functions, use %lsmagic. For a description |
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269 | 269 | of any of them, type %magic_name?, e.g. '%cd?'. |
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270 | 270 | |
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271 | 271 | Currently the magic system has the following functions:""", |
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272 | 272 | magic_docs, |
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273 | 273 | "Summary of magic functions (from %slsmagic):" % magic_escapes['line'], |
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274 |
self. |
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274 | str(self.lsmagic()), | |
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275 | 275 | ] |
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276 | 276 | page.page('\n'.join(out)) |
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277 | 277 | |
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278 | 278 | |
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279 | 279 | @line_magic |
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280 | 280 | def page(self, parameter_s=''): |
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281 | 281 | """Pretty print the object and display it through a pager. |
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282 | 282 | |
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283 | 283 | %page [options] OBJECT |
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284 | 284 | |
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285 | 285 | If no object is given, use _ (last output). |
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286 | 286 | |
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287 | 287 | Options: |
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288 | 288 | |
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289 | 289 | -r: page str(object), don't pretty-print it.""" |
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290 | 290 | |
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291 | 291 | # After a function contributed by Olivier Aubert, slightly modified. |
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292 | 292 | |
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293 | 293 | # Process options/args |
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294 | 294 | opts, args = self.parse_options(parameter_s, 'r') |
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295 | 295 | raw = 'r' in opts |
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296 | 296 | |
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297 | 297 | oname = args and args or '_' |
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298 | 298 | info = self.shell._ofind(oname) |
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299 | 299 | if info['found']: |
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300 | 300 | txt = (raw and str or pformat)( info['obj'] ) |
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301 | 301 | page.page(txt) |
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302 | 302 | else: |
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303 | 303 | print('Object `%s` not found' % oname) |
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304 | 304 | |
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305 | 305 | @line_magic |
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306 | 306 | def profile(self, parameter_s=''): |
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307 | 307 | """Print your currently active IPython profile.""" |
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308 | 308 | from IPython.core.application import BaseIPythonApplication |
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309 | 309 | if BaseIPythonApplication.initialized(): |
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310 | 310 | print(BaseIPythonApplication.instance().profile) |
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311 | 311 | else: |
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312 | 312 | error("profile is an application-level value, but you don't appear to be in an IPython application") |
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313 | 313 | |
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314 | 314 | @line_magic |
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315 | 315 | def pprint(self, parameter_s=''): |
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316 | 316 | """Toggle pretty printing on/off.""" |
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317 | 317 | ptformatter = self.shell.display_formatter.formatters['text/plain'] |
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318 | 318 | ptformatter.pprint = bool(1 - ptformatter.pprint) |
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319 | 319 | print('Pretty printing has been turned', |
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320 | 320 | ['OFF','ON'][ptformatter.pprint]) |
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321 | 321 | |
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322 | 322 | @line_magic |
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323 | 323 | def colors(self, parameter_s=''): |
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324 | 324 | """Switch color scheme for prompts, info system and exception handlers. |
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325 | 325 | |
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326 | 326 | Currently implemented schemes: NoColor, Linux, LightBG. |
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327 | 327 | |
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328 | 328 | Color scheme names are not case-sensitive. |
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329 | 329 | |
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330 | 330 | Examples |
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331 | 331 | -------- |
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332 | 332 | To get a plain black and white terminal:: |
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333 | 333 | |
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334 | 334 | %colors nocolor |
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335 | 335 | """ |
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336 | 336 | def color_switch_err(name): |
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337 | 337 | warn('Error changing %s color schemes.\n%s' % |
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338 | 338 | (name, sys.exc_info()[1])) |
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339 | 339 | |
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340 | 340 | |
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341 | 341 | new_scheme = parameter_s.strip() |
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342 | 342 | if not new_scheme: |
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343 | 343 | raise UsageError( |
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344 | 344 | "%colors: you must specify a color scheme. See '%colors?'") |
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345 | 345 | return |
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346 | 346 | # local shortcut |
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347 | 347 | shell = self.shell |
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348 | 348 | |
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349 | 349 | import IPython.utils.rlineimpl as readline |
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350 | 350 | |
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351 | 351 | if not shell.colors_force and \ |
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352 | 352 | not readline.have_readline and \ |
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353 | 353 | (sys.platform == "win32" or sys.platform == "cli"): |
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354 | 354 | msg = """\ |
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355 | 355 | Proper color support under MS Windows requires the pyreadline library. |
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356 | 356 | You can find it at: |
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357 | 357 | http://ipython.org/pyreadline.html |
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358 | 358 | Gary's readline needs the ctypes module, from: |
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359 | 359 | http://starship.python.net/crew/theller/ctypes |
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360 | 360 | (Note that ctypes is already part of Python versions 2.5 and newer). |
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361 | 361 | |
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362 | 362 | Defaulting color scheme to 'NoColor'""" |
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363 | 363 | new_scheme = 'NoColor' |
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364 | 364 | warn(msg) |
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365 | 365 | |
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366 | 366 | # readline option is 0 |
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367 | 367 | if not shell.colors_force and not shell.has_readline: |
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368 | 368 | new_scheme = 'NoColor' |
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369 | 369 | |
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370 | 370 | # Set prompt colors |
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371 | 371 | try: |
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372 | 372 | shell.prompt_manager.color_scheme = new_scheme |
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373 | 373 | except: |
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374 | 374 | color_switch_err('prompt') |
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375 | 375 | else: |
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376 | 376 | shell.colors = \ |
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377 | 377 | shell.prompt_manager.color_scheme_table.active_scheme_name |
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378 | 378 | # Set exception colors |
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379 | 379 | try: |
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380 | 380 | shell.InteractiveTB.set_colors(scheme = new_scheme) |
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381 | 381 | shell.SyntaxTB.set_colors(scheme = new_scheme) |
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382 | 382 | except: |
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383 | 383 | color_switch_err('exception') |
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384 | 384 | |
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385 | 385 | # Set info (for 'object?') colors |
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386 | 386 | if shell.color_info: |
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387 | 387 | try: |
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388 | 388 | shell.inspector.set_active_scheme(new_scheme) |
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389 | 389 | except: |
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390 | 390 | color_switch_err('object inspector') |
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391 | 391 | else: |
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392 | 392 | shell.inspector.set_active_scheme('NoColor') |
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393 | 393 | |
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394 | 394 | @line_magic |
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395 | 395 | def xmode(self, parameter_s=''): |
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396 | 396 | """Switch modes for the exception handlers. |
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397 | 397 | |
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398 | 398 | Valid modes: Plain, Context and Verbose. |
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399 | 399 | |
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400 | 400 | If called without arguments, acts as a toggle.""" |
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401 | 401 | |
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402 | 402 | def xmode_switch_err(name): |
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403 | 403 | warn('Error changing %s exception modes.\n%s' % |
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404 | 404 | (name,sys.exc_info()[1])) |
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405 | 405 | |
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406 | 406 | shell = self.shell |
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407 | 407 | new_mode = parameter_s.strip().capitalize() |
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408 | 408 | try: |
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409 | 409 | shell.InteractiveTB.set_mode(mode=new_mode) |
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410 | 410 | print('Exception reporting mode:',shell.InteractiveTB.mode) |
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411 | 411 | except: |
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412 | 412 | xmode_switch_err('user') |
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413 | 413 | |
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414 | 414 | @line_magic |
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415 | 415 | def quickref(self,arg): |
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416 | 416 | """ Show a quick reference sheet """ |
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417 | 417 | from IPython.core.usage import quick_reference |
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418 | 418 | qr = quick_reference + self._magic_docs(brief=True) |
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419 | 419 | page.page(qr) |
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420 | 420 | |
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421 | 421 | @line_magic |
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422 | 422 | def doctest_mode(self, parameter_s=''): |
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423 | 423 | """Toggle doctest mode on and off. |
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424 | 424 | |
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425 | 425 | This mode is intended to make IPython behave as much as possible like a |
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426 | 426 | plain Python shell, from the perspective of how its prompts, exceptions |
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427 | 427 | and output look. This makes it easy to copy and paste parts of a |
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428 | 428 | session into doctests. It does so by: |
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429 | 429 | |
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430 | 430 | - Changing the prompts to the classic ``>>>`` ones. |
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431 | 431 | - Changing the exception reporting mode to 'Plain'. |
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432 | 432 | - Disabling pretty-printing of output. |
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433 | 433 | |
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434 | 434 | Note that IPython also supports the pasting of code snippets that have |
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435 | 435 | leading '>>>' and '...' prompts in them. This means that you can paste |
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436 | 436 | doctests from files or docstrings (even if they have leading |
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437 | 437 | whitespace), and the code will execute correctly. You can then use |
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438 | 438 | '%history -t' to see the translated history; this will give you the |
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439 | 439 | input after removal of all the leading prompts and whitespace, which |
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440 | 440 | can be pasted back into an editor. |
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441 | 441 | |
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442 | 442 | With these features, you can switch into this mode easily whenever you |
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443 | 443 | need to do testing and changes to doctests, without having to leave |
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444 | 444 | your existing IPython session. |
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445 | 445 | """ |
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446 | 446 | |
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447 | 447 | # Shorthands |
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448 | 448 | shell = self.shell |
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449 | 449 | pm = shell.prompt_manager |
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450 | 450 | meta = shell.meta |
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451 | 451 | disp_formatter = self.shell.display_formatter |
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452 | 452 | ptformatter = disp_formatter.formatters['text/plain'] |
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453 | 453 | # dstore is a data store kept in the instance metadata bag to track any |
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454 | 454 | # changes we make, so we can undo them later. |
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455 | 455 | dstore = meta.setdefault('doctest_mode',Struct()) |
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456 | 456 | save_dstore = dstore.setdefault |
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457 | 457 | |
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458 | 458 | # save a few values we'll need to recover later |
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459 | 459 | mode = save_dstore('mode',False) |
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460 | 460 | save_dstore('rc_pprint',ptformatter.pprint) |
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461 | 461 | save_dstore('xmode',shell.InteractiveTB.mode) |
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462 | 462 | save_dstore('rc_separate_out',shell.separate_out) |
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463 | 463 | save_dstore('rc_separate_out2',shell.separate_out2) |
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464 | 464 | save_dstore('rc_prompts_pad_left',pm.justify) |
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465 | 465 | save_dstore('rc_separate_in',shell.separate_in) |
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466 | 466 | save_dstore('rc_active_types',disp_formatter.active_types) |
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467 | 467 | save_dstore('prompt_templates',(pm.in_template, pm.in2_template, pm.out_template)) |
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468 | 468 | |
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469 | 469 | if mode == False: |
|
470 | 470 | # turn on |
|
471 | 471 | pm.in_template = '>>> ' |
|
472 | 472 | pm.in2_template = '... ' |
|
473 | 473 | pm.out_template = '' |
|
474 | 474 | |
|
475 | 475 | # Prompt separators like plain python |
|
476 | 476 | shell.separate_in = '' |
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477 | 477 | shell.separate_out = '' |
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478 | 478 | shell.separate_out2 = '' |
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479 | 479 | |
|
480 | 480 | pm.justify = False |
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481 | 481 | |
|
482 | 482 | ptformatter.pprint = False |
|
483 | 483 | disp_formatter.active_types = ['text/plain'] |
|
484 | 484 | |
|
485 | 485 | shell.magic('xmode Plain') |
|
486 | 486 | else: |
|
487 | 487 | # turn off |
|
488 | 488 | pm.in_template, pm.in2_template, pm.out_template = dstore.prompt_templates |
|
489 | 489 | |
|
490 | 490 | shell.separate_in = dstore.rc_separate_in |
|
491 | 491 | |
|
492 | 492 | shell.separate_out = dstore.rc_separate_out |
|
493 | 493 | shell.separate_out2 = dstore.rc_separate_out2 |
|
494 | 494 | |
|
495 | 495 | pm.justify = dstore.rc_prompts_pad_left |
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496 | 496 | |
|
497 | 497 | ptformatter.pprint = dstore.rc_pprint |
|
498 | 498 | disp_formatter.active_types = dstore.rc_active_types |
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499 | 499 | |
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500 | 500 | shell.magic('xmode ' + dstore.xmode) |
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501 | 501 | |
|
502 | 502 | # Store new mode and inform |
|
503 | 503 | dstore.mode = bool(1-int(mode)) |
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504 | 504 | mode_label = ['OFF','ON'][dstore.mode] |
|
505 | 505 | print('Doctest mode is:', mode_label) |
|
506 | 506 | |
|
507 | 507 | @line_magic |
|
508 | 508 | def gui(self, parameter_s=''): |
|
509 | 509 | """Enable or disable IPython GUI event loop integration. |
|
510 | 510 | |
|
511 | 511 | %gui [GUINAME] |
|
512 | 512 | |
|
513 | 513 | This magic replaces IPython's threaded shells that were activated |
|
514 | 514 | using the (pylab/wthread/etc.) command line flags. GUI toolkits |
|
515 | 515 | can now be enabled at runtime and keyboard |
|
516 | 516 | interrupts should work without any problems. The following toolkits |
|
517 | 517 | are supported: wxPython, PyQt4, PyGTK, Tk and Cocoa (OSX):: |
|
518 | 518 | |
|
519 | 519 | %gui wx # enable wxPython event loop integration |
|
520 | 520 | %gui qt4|qt # enable PyQt4 event loop integration |
|
521 | 521 | %gui gtk # enable PyGTK event loop integration |
|
522 | 522 | %gui gtk3 # enable Gtk3 event loop integration |
|
523 | 523 | %gui tk # enable Tk event loop integration |
|
524 | 524 | %gui osx # enable Cocoa event loop integration |
|
525 | 525 | # (requires %matplotlib 1.1) |
|
526 | 526 | %gui # disable all event loop integration |
|
527 | 527 | |
|
528 | 528 | WARNING: after any of these has been called you can simply create |
|
529 | 529 | an application object, but DO NOT start the event loop yourself, as |
|
530 | 530 | we have already handled that. |
|
531 | 531 | """ |
|
532 | 532 | opts, arg = self.parse_options(parameter_s, '') |
|
533 | 533 | if arg=='': arg = None |
|
534 | 534 | try: |
|
535 | 535 | return self.shell.enable_gui(arg) |
|
536 | 536 | except Exception as e: |
|
537 | 537 | # print simple error message, rather than traceback if we can't |
|
538 | 538 | # hook up the GUI |
|
539 | 539 | error(str(e)) |
|
540 | 540 | |
|
541 | 541 | @skip_doctest |
|
542 | 542 | @line_magic |
|
543 | 543 | def precision(self, s=''): |
|
544 | 544 | """Set floating point precision for pretty printing. |
|
545 | 545 | |
|
546 | 546 | Can set either integer precision or a format string. |
|
547 | 547 | |
|
548 | 548 | If numpy has been imported and precision is an int, |
|
549 | 549 | numpy display precision will also be set, via ``numpy.set_printoptions``. |
|
550 | 550 | |
|
551 | 551 | If no argument is given, defaults will be restored. |
|
552 | 552 | |
|
553 | 553 | Examples |
|
554 | 554 | -------- |
|
555 | 555 | :: |
|
556 | 556 | |
|
557 | 557 | In [1]: from math import pi |
|
558 | 558 | |
|
559 | 559 | In [2]: %precision 3 |
|
560 | 560 | Out[2]: u'%.3f' |
|
561 | 561 | |
|
562 | 562 | In [3]: pi |
|
563 | 563 | Out[3]: 3.142 |
|
564 | 564 | |
|
565 | 565 | In [4]: %precision %i |
|
566 | 566 | Out[4]: u'%i' |
|
567 | 567 | |
|
568 | 568 | In [5]: pi |
|
569 | 569 | Out[5]: 3 |
|
570 | 570 | |
|
571 | 571 | In [6]: %precision %e |
|
572 | 572 | Out[6]: u'%e' |
|
573 | 573 | |
|
574 | 574 | In [7]: pi**10 |
|
575 | 575 | Out[7]: 9.364805e+04 |
|
576 | 576 | |
|
577 | 577 | In [8]: %precision |
|
578 | 578 | Out[8]: u'%r' |
|
579 | 579 | |
|
580 | 580 | In [9]: pi**10 |
|
581 | 581 | Out[9]: 93648.047476082982 |
|
582 | 582 | """ |
|
583 | 583 | ptformatter = self.shell.display_formatter.formatters['text/plain'] |
|
584 | 584 | ptformatter.float_precision = s |
|
585 | 585 | return ptformatter.float_format |
|
586 | 586 | |
|
587 | 587 | @magic_arguments.magic_arguments() |
|
588 | 588 | @magic_arguments.argument( |
|
589 | 589 | '-e', '--export', action='store_true', default=False, |
|
590 | 590 | help='Export IPython history as a notebook. The filename argument ' |
|
591 | 591 | 'is used to specify the notebook name and format. For example ' |
|
592 | 592 | 'a filename of notebook.ipynb will result in a notebook name ' |
|
593 | 593 | 'of "notebook" and a format of "json". Likewise using a ".py" ' |
|
594 | 594 | 'file extension will write the notebook as a Python script' |
|
595 | 595 | ) |
|
596 | 596 | @magic_arguments.argument( |
|
597 | 597 | '-f', '--format', |
|
598 | 598 | help='Convert an existing IPython notebook to a new format. This option ' |
|
599 | 599 | 'specifies the new format and can have the values: json, py. ' |
|
600 | 600 | 'The target filename is chosen automatically based on the new ' |
|
601 | 601 | 'format. The filename argument gives the name of the source file.' |
|
602 | 602 | ) |
|
603 | 603 | @magic_arguments.argument( |
|
604 | 604 | 'filename', type=unicode, |
|
605 | 605 | help='Notebook name or filename' |
|
606 | 606 | ) |
|
607 | 607 | @line_magic |
|
608 | 608 | def notebook(self, s): |
|
609 | 609 | """Export and convert IPython notebooks. |
|
610 | 610 | |
|
611 | 611 | This function can export the current IPython history to a notebook file |
|
612 | 612 | or can convert an existing notebook file into a different format. For |
|
613 | 613 | example, to export the history to "foo.ipynb" do "%notebook -e foo.ipynb". |
|
614 | 614 | To export the history to "foo.py" do "%notebook -e foo.py". To convert |
|
615 | 615 | "foo.ipynb" to "foo.json" do "%notebook -f json foo.ipynb". Possible |
|
616 | 616 | formats include (json/ipynb, py). |
|
617 | 617 | """ |
|
618 | 618 | args = magic_arguments.parse_argstring(self.notebook, s) |
|
619 | 619 | |
|
620 | 620 | from IPython.nbformat import current |
|
621 | 621 | args.filename = unquote_filename(args.filename) |
|
622 | 622 | if args.export: |
|
623 | 623 | fname, name, format = current.parse_filename(args.filename) |
|
624 | 624 | cells = [] |
|
625 | 625 | hist = list(self.shell.history_manager.get_range()) |
|
626 | 626 | for session, prompt_number, input in hist[:-1]: |
|
627 | 627 | cells.append(current.new_code_cell(prompt_number=prompt_number, |
|
628 | 628 | input=input)) |
|
629 | 629 | worksheet = current.new_worksheet(cells=cells) |
|
630 | 630 | nb = current.new_notebook(name=name,worksheets=[worksheet]) |
|
631 | 631 | with io.open(fname, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f: |
|
632 | 632 | current.write(nb, f, format); |
|
633 | 633 | elif args.format is not None: |
|
634 | 634 | old_fname, old_name, old_format = current.parse_filename(args.filename) |
|
635 | 635 | new_format = args.format |
|
636 | 636 | if new_format == u'xml': |
|
637 | 637 | raise ValueError('Notebooks cannot be written as xml.') |
|
638 | 638 | elif new_format == u'ipynb' or new_format == u'json': |
|
639 | 639 | new_fname = old_name + u'.ipynb' |
|
640 | 640 | new_format = u'json' |
|
641 | 641 | elif new_format == u'py': |
|
642 | 642 | new_fname = old_name + u'.py' |
|
643 | 643 | else: |
|
644 | 644 | raise ValueError('Invalid notebook format: %s' % new_format) |
|
645 | 645 | with io.open(old_fname, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f: |
|
646 | 646 | nb = current.read(f, old_format) |
|
647 | 647 | with io.open(new_fname, 'w', encoding='utf-8') as f: |
|
648 | 648 | current.write(nb, f, new_format) |
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