More re-organization of InteractiveShell.

IPython/core/embed.py

@@ -1,260 +1,268 b''
 #!/usr/bin/env python
 # encoding: utf-8
 """
 An embedded IPython shell.
 
 Authors:
 
 * Brian Granger
 * Fernando Perez
 
 Notes
 -----
 """
 
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 #  Copyright (C) 2008-2009  The IPython Development Team
 #
 #  Distributed under the terms of the BSD License.  The full license is in
 #  the file COPYING, distributed as part of this software.
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Imports
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 from __future__ import with_statement
 
 import sys
 from contextlib import nested
 
 from IPython.core import ultratb
 from IPython.core.iplib import InteractiveShell
 
 from IPython.utils.traitlets import Bool, Str, CBool
 from IPython.utils.genutils import ask_yes_no
 
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Classes and functions
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 # This is an additional magic that is exposed in embedded shells.
 def kill_embedded(self,parameter_s=''):
     """%kill_embedded : deactivate for good the current embedded IPython.
 
     This function (after asking for confirmation) sets an internal flag so that
     an embedded IPython will never activate again.  This is useful to
     permanently disable a shell that is being called inside a loop: once you've
     figured out what you needed from it, you may then kill it and the program
     will then continue to run without the interactive shell interfering again.
     """
     
     kill = ask_yes_no("Are you sure you want to kill this embedded instance "
                      "(y/n)? [y/N] ",'n')
     if kill:
         self.embedded_active = False
         print "This embedded IPython will not reactivate anymore once you exit."
 
 
 class InteractiveShellEmbed(InteractiveShell):
 
     dummy_mode = Bool(False)
     exit_msg = Str('')
     embedded = CBool(True)
     embedded_active = CBool(True)
 
     def __init__(self, parent=None, config=None, ipythondir=None, usage=None,
                  user_ns=None, user_global_ns=None,
                  banner1=None, banner2=None,
                  custom_exceptions=((),None), exit_msg=''):
 
         self.save_sys_ipcompleter()
 
         super(InteractiveShellEmbed,self).__init__(
             parent=parent, config=config, ipythondir=ipythondir, usage=usage, 
             user_ns=user_ns, user_global_ns=user_global_ns,
             banner1=banner1, banner2=banner2,
             custom_exceptions=custom_exceptions)
 
         self.exit_msg = exit_msg
         self.define_magic("kill_embedded", kill_embedded)
 
         # don't use the ipython crash handler so that user exceptions aren't
         # trapped
         sys.excepthook = ultratb.FormattedTB(color_scheme=self.colors,
                                              mode=self.xmode,
                                              call_pdb=self.pdb)
 
         self.restore_sys_ipcompleter()
 
     def init_sys_modules(self):
         pass
 
     def save_sys_ipcompleter(self):
         """Save readline completer status."""
         try:
             #print 'Save completer',sys.ipcompleter  # dbg
             self.sys_ipcompleter_orig = sys.ipcompleter
         except:
             pass # not nested with IPython        
 
     def restore_sys_ipcompleter(self):
         """Restores the readline completer which was in place.
 
         This allows embedded IPython within IPython not to disrupt the
         parent's completion.
         """
         try:
             self.readline.set_completer(self.sys_ipcompleter_orig)
             sys.ipcompleter = self.sys_ipcompleter_orig
         except:
             pass
 
     def __call__(self, header='', local_ns=None, global_ns=None, dummy=None,
                  stack_depth=1):
         """Activate the interactive interpreter.
 
         __call__(self,header='',local_ns=None,global_ns,dummy=None) -> Start
         the interpreter shell with the given local and global namespaces, and
         optionally print a header string at startup.
 
         The shell can be globally activated/deactivated using the
         set/get_dummy_mode methods. This allows you to turn off a shell used
         for debugging globally.
 
         However, *each* time you call the shell you can override the current
         state of dummy_mode with the optional keyword parameter 'dummy'. For
         example, if you set dummy mode on with IPShell.set_dummy_mode(1), you
         can still have a specific call work by making it as IPShell(dummy=0).
 
         The optional keyword parameter dummy controls whether the call
         actually does anything.
         """
 
         # If the user has turned it off, go away
         if not self.embedded_active:
             return
 
         # Normal exits from interactive mode set this flag, so the shell can't
         # re-enter (it checks this variable at the start of interactive mode).
         self.exit_now = False
 
         # Allow the dummy parameter to override the global __dummy_mode
         if dummy or (dummy != 0 and self.dummy_mode):
             return
 
         if self.has_readline:
             self.set_completer()
 
         if self.banner and header:
             format = '%s\n%s\n'
         else:
             format = '%s%s\n'
         banner =  format % (self.banner,header)
 
         # Call the embedding code with a stack depth of 1 so it can skip over
         # our call and get the original caller's namespaces.
         self.mainloop(banner, local_ns, global_ns,
                             stack_depth=stack_depth)
 
         if self.exit_msg is not None:
             print self.exit_msg
 
         self.restore_sys_ipcompleter()
 
     def mainloop(self,header='',local_ns=None,global_ns=None,stack_depth=0):
         """Embeds IPython into a running python program.
 
         Input:
 
           - header: An optional header message can be specified.
 
           - local_ns, global_ns: working namespaces. If given as None, the
           IPython-initialized one is updated with __main__.__dict__, so that
           program variables become visible but user-specific configuration
           remains possible.
 
           - stack_depth: specifies how many levels in the stack to go to
           looking for namespaces (when local_ns and global_ns are None).  This
           allows an intermediate caller to make sure that this function gets
           the namespace from the intended level in the stack.  By default (0)
           it will get its locals and globals from the immediate caller.
 
         Warning: it's possible to use this in a program which is being run by
         IPython itself (via %run), but some funny things will happen (a few
         globals get overwritten). In the future this will be cleaned up, as
         there is no fundamental reason why it can't work perfectly."""
 
         # Get locals and globals from caller
         if local_ns is None or global_ns is None:
             call_frame = sys._getframe(stack_depth).f_back
 
             if local_ns is None:
                 local_ns = call_frame.f_locals
             if global_ns is None:
                 global_ns = call_frame.f_globals
 
         # Update namespaces and fire up interpreter
 
         # The global one is easy, we can just throw it in
         self.user_global_ns = global_ns
 
         # but the user/local one is tricky: ipython needs it to store internal
         # data, but we also need the locals.  We'll copy locals in the user
         # one, but will track what got copied so we can delete them at exit.
         # This is so that a later embedded call doesn't see locals from a
         # previous call (which most likely existed in a separate scope).
         local_varnames = local_ns.keys()
         self.user_ns.update(local_ns)
         #self.user_ns['local_ns'] = local_ns  # dbg
 
         # Patch for global embedding to make sure that things don't overwrite
         # user globals accidentally. Thanks to Richard <[e-mail]>
         # FIXME. Test this a bit more carefully (the if.. is new)
         if local_ns is None and global_ns is None:
             self.user_global_ns.update(__main__.__dict__)
 
         # make sure the tab-completer has the correct frame information, so it
         # actually completes using the frame's locals/globals
         self.set_completer_frame()
 
         with nested(self.builtin_trap, self.display_trap):
             self.interact(header)
         
             # now, purge out the user namespace from anything we might have added
             # from the caller's local namespace
             delvar = self.user_ns.pop
             for var in local_varnames:
                 delvar(var,None)
 
+    def set_completer_frame(self, frame=None):
+        if frame:
+            self.Completer.namespace = frame.f_locals
+            self.Completer.global_namespace = frame.f_globals
+        else:
+            self.Completer.namespace = self.user_ns
+            self.Completer.global_namespace = self.user_global_ns
+
 
 _embedded_shell = None
 
 
 def embed(header='', config=None, usage=None, banner1=None, banner2=None,
           exit_msg=''):
     """Call this to embed IPython at the current point in your program.
 
     The first invocation of this will create an :class:`InteractiveShellEmbed`
     instance and then call it.  Consecutive calls just call the already
     created instance.
 
     Here is a simple example::
 
         from IPython import embed
         a = 10
         b = 20
         embed('First time')
         c = 30
         d = 40
         embed
 
     Full customization can be done by passing a :class:`Struct` in as the 
     config argument.
     """
     global _embedded_shell
     if _embedded_shell is None:
         _embedded_shell = InteractiveShellEmbed(config=config,
         usage=usage, banner1=banner1, banner2=banner2, exit_msg=exit_msg)
     _embedded_shell(header=header, stack_depth=2)
 

IPython/core/iplib.py

@@ -1,2958 +1,3018 b''
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 """
 Main IPython Component
 """
 
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 #  Copyright (C) 2001 Janko Hauser <[e-mail]>
 #  Copyright (C) 2001-2007 Fernando Perez. <[e-mail]>
 #  Copyright (C) 2008-2009  The IPython Development Team
 #
 #  Distributed under the terms of the BSD License.  The full license is in
 #  the file COPYING, distributed as part of this software.
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Imports
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 from __future__ import with_statement
 
 import __main__
 import __builtin__
 import StringIO
 import bdb
 import codeop
 import exceptions
 import glob
 import keyword
 import new
 import os
 import re
 import shutil
 import string
 import sys
 import tempfile
 from contextlib import nested
 
 from IPython.core import ultratb
 from IPython.core import debugger, oinspect
 from IPython.core import shadowns
 from IPython.core import history as ipcorehist
 from IPython.core import prefilter
 from IPython.core.autocall import IPyAutocall
 from IPython.core.builtin_trap import BuiltinTrap
 from IPython.core.display_trap import DisplayTrap
 from IPython.core.fakemodule import FakeModule, init_fakemod_dict
 from IPython.core.logger import Logger
 from IPython.core.magic import Magic
 from IPython.core.prompts import CachedOutput
 from IPython.core.page import page
 from IPython.core.component import Component
 from IPython.core.oldusersetup import user_setup
 from IPython.core.usage import interactive_usage, default_banner
 from IPython.core.error import TryNext, UsageError
 
 from IPython.extensions import pickleshare
 from IPython.external.Itpl import ItplNS
 from IPython.lib.backgroundjobs import BackgroundJobManager
 from IPython.utils.ipstruct import Struct
 from IPython.utils import PyColorize
 from IPython.utils.genutils import *
 from IPython.utils.strdispatch import StrDispatch
 from IPython.utils.platutils import toggle_set_term_title, set_term_title
 
 from IPython.utils.traitlets import (
     Int, Float, Str, CBool, CaselessStrEnum, Enum, List, Unicode
 )
 
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Globals
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 
 # store the builtin raw_input globally, and use this always, in case user code
 # overwrites it (like wx.py.PyShell does)
 raw_input_original = raw_input
 
 # compiled regexps for autoindent management
 dedent_re = re.compile(r'^\s+raise|^\s+return|^\s+pass')
 
 
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Utilities
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 
 ini_spaces_re = re.compile(r'^(\s+)')
 
 
 def num_ini_spaces(strng):
     """Return the number of initial spaces in a string"""
 
     ini_spaces = ini_spaces_re.match(strng)
     if ini_spaces:
         return ini_spaces.end()
     else:
         return 0
 
 
 def softspace(file, newvalue):
     """Copied from code.py, to remove the dependency"""
 
     oldvalue = 0
     try:
         oldvalue = file.softspace
     except AttributeError:
         pass
     try:
         file.softspace = newvalue
     except (AttributeError, TypeError):
         # "attribute-less object" or "read-only attributes"
         pass
     return oldvalue
 
 
 class SpaceInInput(exceptions.Exception): pass
 
 class Bunch: pass
 
 class InputList(list):
     """Class to store user input.
 
     It's basically a list, but slices return a string instead of a list, thus
     allowing things like (assuming 'In' is an instance):
 
     exec In[4:7]
 
     or
 
     exec In[5:9] + In[14] + In[21:25]"""
 
     def __getslice__(self,i,j):
         return ''.join(list.__getslice__(self,i,j))
 
 
 class SyntaxTB(ultratb.ListTB):
     """Extension which holds some state: the last exception value"""
 
     def __init__(self,color_scheme = 'NoColor'):
         ultratb.ListTB.__init__(self,color_scheme)
         self.last_syntax_error = None
 
     def __call__(self, etype, value, elist):
         self.last_syntax_error = value
         ultratb.ListTB.__call__(self,etype,value,elist)
 
     def clear_err_state(self):
         """Return the current error state and clear it"""
         e = self.last_syntax_error
         self.last_syntax_error = None
         return e
 
 
 def get_default_editor():
     try:
         ed = os.environ['EDITOR']
     except KeyError:
         if os.name == 'posix':
             ed = 'vi'  # the only one guaranteed to be there!
         else:
             ed = 'notepad' # same in Windows!
     return ed
 
 
 class SeparateStr(Str):
     """A Str subclass to validate separate_in, separate_out, etc.
 
     This is a Str based traitlet that converts '0'->'' and '\\n'->'\n'.
     """
 
     def validate(self, obj, value):
         if value == '0': value = ''
         value = value.replace('\\n','\n')
         return super(SeparateStr, self).validate(obj, value)
 
 
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Main IPython class
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 
 class InteractiveShell(Component, Magic):
     """An enhanced, interactive shell for Python."""
 
     autocall = Enum((0,1,2), config_key='AUTOCALL')
     autoedit_syntax = CBool(False, config_key='AUTOEDIT_SYNTAX')
     autoindent = CBool(True, config_key='AUTOINDENT')
     automagic = CBool(True, config_key='AUTOMAGIC')
     display_banner = CBool(True, config_key='DISPLAY_BANNER')
     banner = Str('')
     banner1 = Str(default_banner, config_key='BANNER1')
     banner2 = Str('', config_key='BANNER2')
     c = Str('', config_key='C')
     cache_size = Int(1000, config_key='CACHE_SIZE')
     classic = CBool(False, config_key='CLASSIC')
     color_info = CBool(True, config_key='COLOR_INFO')
     colors = CaselessStrEnum(('NoColor','LightBG','Linux'), 
                              default_value='LightBG', config_key='COLORS')
     confirm_exit = CBool(True, config_key='CONFIRM_EXIT')
     debug = CBool(False, config_key='DEBUG')
     deep_reload = CBool(False, config_key='DEEP_RELOAD')
     embedded = CBool(False)
     embedded_active = CBool(False)
     editor = Str(get_default_editor(), config_key='EDITOR')
     filename = Str("<ipython console>")
     interactive = CBool(False, config_key='INTERACTIVE')
     ipythondir= Unicode('', config_key='IPYTHONDIR') # Set to os.getcwd() in __init__
     logstart = CBool(False, config_key='LOGSTART')
     logfile = Str('', config_key='LOGFILE')
     logplay = Str('', config_key='LOGPLAY')
     multi_line_specials = CBool(True, config_key='MULTI_LINE_SPECIALS')
     object_info_string_level = Enum((0,1,2), default_value=0,
                                     config_keys='OBJECT_INFO_STRING_LEVEL')
     pager = Str('less', config_key='PAGER')
     pdb = CBool(False, config_key='PDB')
     pprint = CBool(True, config_key='PPRINT')
     profile = Str('', config_key='PROFILE')
     prompt_in1 = Str('In [\\#]: ', config_key='PROMPT_IN1')
     prompt_in2 = Str('   .\\D.: ', config_key='PROMPT_IN2')
     prompt_out = Str('Out[\\#]: ', config_key='PROMPT_OUT1')
     prompts_pad_left = CBool(True, config_key='PROMPTS_PAD_LEFT')
     quiet = CBool(False, config_key='QUIET')
 
     readline_use = CBool(True, config_key='READLINE_USE')
     readline_merge_completions = CBool(True, 
                                        config_key='READLINE_MERGE_COMPLETIONS')
     readline_omit__names = Enum((0,1,2), default_value=0, 
                                 config_key='READLINE_OMIT_NAMES')
     readline_remove_delims = Str('-/~', config_key='READLINE_REMOVE_DELIMS')
     readline_parse_and_bind = List([
             'tab: complete',
             '"\C-l": possible-completions',
             'set show-all-if-ambiguous on',
             '"\C-o": tab-insert',
             '"\M-i": "    "',
             '"\M-o": "\d\d\d\d"',
             '"\M-I": "\d\d\d\d"',
             '"\C-r": reverse-search-history',
             '"\C-s": forward-search-history',
             '"\C-p": history-search-backward',
             '"\C-n": history-search-forward',
             '"\e[A": history-search-backward',
             '"\e[B": history-search-forward',
             '"\C-k": kill-line',
             '"\C-u": unix-line-discard',
         ], allow_none=False, config_key='READLINE_PARSE_AND_BIND'
     )
 
     screen_length = Int(0, config_key='SCREEN_LENGTH')
     
     # Use custom TraitletTypes that convert '0'->'' and '\\n'->'\n'
     separate_in = SeparateStr('\n', config_key='SEPARATE_IN')
     separate_out = SeparateStr('', config_key='SEPARATE_OUT')
     separate_out2 = SeparateStr('', config_key='SEPARATE_OUT2')
 
     system_header = Str('IPython system call: ', config_key='SYSTEM_HEADER')
     system_verbose = CBool(False, config_key='SYSTEM_VERBOSE')
     term_title = CBool(False, config_key='TERM_TITLE')
     wildcards_case_sensitive = CBool(True, config_key='WILDCARDS_CASE_SENSITIVE')
     xmode = CaselessStrEnum(('Context','Plain', 'Verbose'), 
                             default_value='Context', config_key='XMODE')
 
     alias = List(allow_none=False, config_key='ALIAS')
     autoexec = List(allow_none=False)
 
     # class attribute to indicate whether the class supports threads or not.
     # Subclasses with thread support should override this as needed.
     isthreaded = False
 
     def __init__(self, parent=None, config=None, ipythondir=None, usage=None,
                  user_ns=None, user_global_ns=None,
                  banner1=None, banner2=None,
                  custom_exceptions=((),None)):
 
         # This is where traitlets with a config_key argument are updated
         # from the values on config.
         super(InteractiveShell, self).__init__(parent, config=config, name='__IP')
 
         # These are relatively independent and stateless
         self.init_ipythondir(ipythondir)
         self.init_instance_attrs()
         self.init_term_title()
         self.init_usage(usage)
         self.init_banner(banner1, banner2)
 
         # Create namespaces (user_ns, user_global_ns, alias_table, etc.)
         self.init_create_namespaces(user_ns, user_global_ns)
         # This has to be done after init_create_namespaces because it uses
         # something in self.user_ns, but before init_sys_modules, which
         # is the first thing to modify sys.
         self.save_sys_module_state()
         self.init_sys_modules()
 
         self.init_history()
         self.init_encoding()
         self.init_handlers()
 
         Magic.__init__(self, self)
 
         self.init_syntax_highlighting()
         self.init_hooks()
         self.init_pushd_popd_magic()
         self.init_traceback_handlers(custom_exceptions)
         self.init_user_ns()
         self.init_logger()
         self.init_aliases()
         self.init_builtins()
         
         # pre_config_initialization
         self.init_shadow_hist()
 
         # The next section should contain averything that was in ipmaker.
         self.init_logstart()
 
         # The following was in post_config_initialization
         self.init_inspector()
         self.init_readline()
         self.init_prompts()
         self.init_displayhook()
         self.init_reload_doctest()
         self.init_magics()
         self.init_pdb()
         self.hooks.late_startup_hook()
 
-    def cleanup(self):
-        self.restore_sys_module_state()
-
     #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
     # Traitlet changed handlers
     #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
     def _banner1_changed(self):
         self.compute_banner()
 
     def _banner2_changed(self):
         self.compute_banner()
 
     @property
     def usable_screen_length(self):
         if self.screen_length == 0:
             return 0
         else:
             num_lines_bot = self.separate_in.count('\n')+1
             return self.screen_length - num_lines_bot
 
     def _term_title_changed(self, name, new_value):
         self.init_term_title()
 
+    def set_autoindent(self,value=None):
+        """Set the autoindent flag, checking for readline support.
+
+        If called with no arguments, it acts as a toggle."""
+
+        if not self.has_readline:
+            if os.name == 'posix':
+                warn("The auto-indent feature requires the readline library")
+            self.autoindent = 0
+            return
+        if value is None:
+            self.autoindent = not self.autoindent
+        else:
+            self.autoindent = value
+
     #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
     # init_* methods called by __init__
     #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
     def init_ipythondir(self, ipythondir):
         if ipythondir is not None:
             self.ipythondir = ipythondir
             self.config.IPYTHONDIR = self.ipythondir
             return
 
         if hasattr(self.config, 'IPYTHONDIR'):
             self.ipythondir = self.config.IPYTHONDIR
         if not hasattr(self.config, 'IPYTHONDIR'):
             # cdw is always defined
             self.ipythondir = os.getcwd()
 
         # The caller must make sure that ipythondir exists.  We should
         # probably handle this using a Dir traitlet.
         if not os.path.isdir(self.ipythondir):
             raise IOError('IPython dir does not exist: %s' % self.ipythondir)
 
         # All children can just read this
         self.config.IPYTHONDIR = self.ipythondir
 
     def init_instance_attrs(self):
         self.jobs = BackgroundJobManager()
         self.more = False
 
         # command compiler
         self.compile = codeop.CommandCompiler()
 
         # User input buffer
         self.buffer = []
 
         # Make an empty namespace, which extension writers can rely on both
         # existing and NEVER being used by ipython itself.  This gives them a
         # convenient location for storing additional information and state
         # their extensions may require, without fear of collisions with other
         # ipython names that may develop later.
         self.meta = Struct()
 
         # Object variable to store code object waiting execution.  This is
         # used mainly by the multithreaded shells, but it can come in handy in
         # other situations.  No need to use a Queue here, since it's a single
         # item which gets cleared once run.
         self.code_to_run = None
 
         # Flag to mark unconditional exit
         self.exit_now = False
 
         # Temporary files used for various purposes.  Deleted at exit.
         self.tempfiles = []
 
         # Keep track of readline usage (later set by init_readline)
         self.has_readline = False
 
         # keep track of where we started running (mainly for crash post-mortem)
         # This is not being used anywhere currently.
         self.starting_dir = os.getcwd()
 
         # Indentation management
         self.indent_current_nsp = 0
 
     def init_term_title(self):
         # Enable or disable the terminal title.
         if self.term_title:
             toggle_set_term_title(True)
             set_term_title('IPython: ' + abbrev_cwd())
         else:
             toggle_set_term_title(False)
 
     def init_usage(self, usage=None):
         if usage is None:
             self.usage = interactive_usage
         else:
             self.usage = usage
 
     def init_banner(self, banner1, banner2):
         if self.c:  # regular python doesn't print the banner with -c
             self.display_banner = False
         if banner1 is not None:
             self.banner1 = banner1
         if banner2 is not None:
             self.banner2 = banner2
         self.compute_banner()
 
     def compute_banner(self):
         self.banner = self.banner1 + '\n'
         if self.profile:
             self.banner += '\nIPython profile: %s\n' % self.profile
         if self.banner2:
             self.banner += '\n' + self.banner2 + '\n'        
 
-    def init_create_namespaces(self, user_ns=None, user_global_ns=None):
-        # Create the namespace where the user will operate.  user_ns is
-        # normally the only one used, and it is passed to the exec calls as
-        # the locals argument.  But we do carry a user_global_ns namespace
-        # given as the exec 'globals' argument,  This is useful in embedding
-        # situations where the ipython shell opens in a context where the
-        # distinction between locals and globals is meaningful.  For
-        # non-embedded contexts, it is just the same object as the user_ns dict.
-
-        # FIXME. For some strange reason, __builtins__ is showing up at user
-        # level as a dict instead of a module. This is a manual fix, but I
-        # should really track down where the problem is coming from. Alex
-        # Schmolck reported this problem first.
-
-        # A useful post by Alex Martelli on this topic:
-        # Re: inconsistent value from __builtins__
-        # Von: Alex Martelli <[e-mail]>
-        # Datum: Freitag 01 Oktober 2004 04:45:34 nachmittags/abends
-        # Gruppen: comp.lang.python
-
-        # Michael Hohn <[e-mail]> wrote:
-        # > >>> print type(builtin_check.get_global_binding('__builtins__'))
-        # > <type 'dict'>
-        # > >>> print type(__builtins__)
-        # > <type 'module'>
-        # > Is this difference in return value intentional?
+    def init_encoding(self):
+        # Get system encoding at startup time.  Certain terminals (like Emacs
+        # under Win32 have it set to None, and we need to have a known valid
+        # encoding to use in the raw_input() method
+        try:
+            self.stdin_encoding = sys.stdin.encoding or 'ascii'
+        except AttributeError:
+            self.stdin_encoding = 'ascii'
 
-        # Well, it's documented that '__builtins__' can be either a dictionary
-        # or a module, and it's been that way for a long time. Whether it's
-        # intentional (or sensible), I don't know. In any case, the idea is
-        # that if you need to access the built-in namespace directly, you
-        # should start with "import __builtin__" (note, no 's') which will
-        # definitely give you a module. Yeah, it's somewhat confusing:-(.
+    def init_syntax_highlighting(self):
+        # Python source parser/formatter for syntax highlighting
+        pyformat = PyColorize.Parser().format
+        self.pycolorize = lambda src: pyformat(src,'str',self.colors)
 
-        # These routines return properly built dicts as needed by the rest of
-        # the code, and can also be used by extension writers to generate
-        # properly initialized namespaces.
-        user_ns, user_global_ns = self.make_user_namespaces(user_ns,
-            user_global_ns)
+    def init_pushd_popd_magic(self):
+        # for pushd/popd management
+        try:
+            self.home_dir = get_home_dir()
+        except HomeDirError, msg:
+            fatal(msg)
 
-        # Assign namespaces
-        # This is the namespace where all normal user variables live
-        self.user_ns = user_ns
-        self.user_global_ns = user_global_ns
+        self.dir_stack = []
 
-        # An auxiliary namespace that checks what parts of the user_ns were
-        # loaded at startup, so we can list later only variables defined in
-        # actual interactive use.  Since it is always a subset of user_ns, it
-        # doesn't need to be seaparately tracked in the ns_table
-        self.user_config_ns = {}
+    def init_logger(self):
+        self.logger = Logger(self, logfname='ipython_log.py', logmode='rotate')
+        # local shortcut, this is used a LOT
+        self.log = self.logger.log
+        # template for logfile headers.  It gets resolved at runtime by the
+        # logstart method.
+        self.loghead_tpl = \
+"""#log# Automatic Logger file. *** THIS MUST BE THE FIRST LINE ***
+#log# DO NOT CHANGE THIS LINE OR THE TWO BELOW
+#log# opts = %s
+#log# args = %s
+#log# It is safe to make manual edits below here.
+#log#-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+"""
 
-        # A namespace to keep track of internal data structures to prevent
-        # them from cluttering user-visible stuff.  Will be updated later
-        self.internal_ns = {}
+    def init_logstart(self):
+        if self.logplay:
+            self.magic_logstart(self.logplay + ' append')
+        elif  self.logfile:
+            self.magic_logstart(self.logfile)
+        elif self.logstart:
+            self.magic_logstart()
 
-        # Namespace of system aliases.  Each entry in the alias
-        # table must be a 2-tuple of the form (N,name), where N is the number
-        # of positional arguments of the alias.
-        self.alias_table = {}
+    def init_builtins(self):
+        self.builtin_trap = BuiltinTrap(self)
 
-        # Now that FakeModule produces a real module, we've run into a nasty
-        # problem: after script execution (via %run), the module where the user
-        # code ran is deleted.  Now that this object is a true module (needed
-        # so docetst and other tools work correctly), the Python module
-        # teardown mechanism runs over it, and sets to None every variable
-        # present in that module.  Top-level references to objects from the
-        # script survive, because the user_ns is updated with them.  However,
-        # calling functions defined in the script that use other things from
-        # the script will fail, because the function's closure had references
-        # to the original objects, which are now all None.  So we must protect
-        # these modules from deletion by keeping a cache.
-        # 
-        # To avoid keeping stale modules around (we only need the one from the
-        # last run), we use a dict keyed with the full path to the script, so
-        # only the last version of the module is held in the cache.  Note,
-        # however, that we must cache the module *namespace contents* (their
-        # __dict__).  Because if we try to cache the actual modules, old ones
-        # (uncached) could be destroyed while still holding references (such as
-        # those held by GUI objects that tend to be long-lived)>
-        # 
-        # The %reset command will flush this cache.  See the cache_main_mod()
-        # and clear_main_mod_cache() methods for details on use.
+    def init_inspector(self):
+        # Object inspector
+        self.inspector = oinspect.Inspector(oinspect.InspectColors,
+                                            PyColorize.ANSICodeColors,
+                                            'NoColor',
+                                            self.object_info_string_level)
 
-        # This is the cache used for 'main' namespaces
-        self._main_ns_cache = {}
-        # And this is the single instance of FakeModule whose __dict__ we keep
-        # copying and clearing for reuse on each %run
-        self._user_main_module = FakeModule()
+    def init_prompts(self):
+        # Initialize cache, set in/out prompts and printing system
+        self.outputcache = CachedOutput(self,
+                                        self.cache_size,
+                                        self.pprint,
+                                        input_sep = self.separate_in,
+                                        output_sep = self.separate_out,
+                                        output_sep2 = self.separate_out2,
+                                        ps1 = self.prompt_in1,
+                                        ps2 = self.prompt_in2,
+                                        ps_out = self.prompt_out,
+                                        pad_left = self.prompts_pad_left)
 
-        # A table holding all the namespaces IPython deals with, so that
-        # introspection facilities can search easily.
-        self.ns_table = {'user':user_ns,
-                         'user_global':user_global_ns,
-                         'alias':self.alias_table,
-                         'internal':self.internal_ns,
-                         'builtin':__builtin__.__dict__
-                         }
+        # user may have over-ridden the default print hook:
+        try:
+            self.outputcache.__class__.display = self.hooks.display
+        except AttributeError:
+            pass
 
-        # Similarly, track all namespaces where references can be held and that
-        # we can safely clear (so it can NOT include builtin).  This one can be
-        # a simple list.
-        self.ns_refs_table = [ user_ns, user_global_ns, self.user_config_ns,
-                               self.alias_table, self.internal_ns,
-                               self._main_ns_cache ]
+    def init_displayhook(self):
+        self.display_trap = DisplayTrap(self, self.outputcache)
         
-    def init_sys_modules(self):
-        # We need to insert into sys.modules something that looks like a
-        # module but which accesses the IPython namespace, for shelve and
-        # pickle to work interactively. Normally they rely on getting
-        # everything out of __main__, but for embedding purposes each IPython
-        # instance has its own private namespace, so we can't go shoving
-        # everything into __main__.
+    def init_reload_doctest(self):
+        # Do a proper resetting of doctest, including the necessary displayhook
+        # monkeypatching
+        try:
+            doctest_reload()
+        except ImportError:
+            warn("doctest module does not exist.")
 
-        # note, however, that we should only do this for non-embedded
-        # ipythons, which really mimic the __main__.__dict__ with their own
-        # namespace.  Embedded instances, on the other hand, should not do
-        # this because they need to manage the user local/global namespaces
-        # only, but they live within a 'normal' __main__ (meaning, they
-        # shouldn't overtake the execution environment of the script they're
-        # embedded in).
+    #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # Things related to injections into the sys module
+    #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-        # This is overridden in the InteractiveShellEmbed subclass to a no-op.
+    def save_sys_module_state(self):
+        """Save the state of hooks in the sys module.
 
+        This has to be called after self.user_ns is created.
+        """
+        self._orig_sys_module_state = {}
+        self._orig_sys_module_state['stdin'] = sys.stdin
+        self._orig_sys_module_state['stdout'] = sys.stdout
+        self._orig_sys_module_state['stderr'] = sys.stderr
+        self._orig_sys_module_state['excepthook'] = sys.excepthook
         try:
-            main_name = self.user_ns['__name__']
+            self._orig_sys_modules_main_name = self.user_ns['__name__']
         except KeyError:
-            raise KeyError('user_ns dictionary MUST have a "__name__" key')
-        else:
-            sys.modules[main_name] = FakeModule(self.user_ns)
+            pass
 
-    def make_user_namespaces(self, user_ns=None, user_global_ns=None):
-        """Return a valid local and global user interactive namespaces.
+    def restore_sys_module_state(self):
+        """Restore the state of the sys module."""
+        try:
+            for k, v in self._orig_sys_module_state.items():
+                setattr(sys, k, v)
+        except AttributeError:
+            pass
+        try:
+            delattr(sys, 'ipcompleter')
+        except AttributeError:
+            pass
+        # Reset what what done in self.init_sys_modules
+        try:
+            sys.modules[self.user_ns['__name__']] = self._orig_sys_modules_main_name
+        except (AttributeError, KeyError):
+            pass
 
-        This builds a dict with the minimal information needed to operate as a
-        valid IPython user namespace, which you can pass to the various
-        embedding classes in ipython. The default implementation returns the
-        same dict for both the locals and the globals to allow functions to
-        refer to variables in the namespace. Customized implementations can
-        return different dicts. The locals dictionary can actually be anything
-        following the basic mapping protocol of a dict, but the globals dict
-        must be a true dict, not even a subclass. It is recommended that any
-        custom object for the locals namespace synchronize with the globals
-        dict somehow.
+    #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # Things related to hooks
+    #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-        Raises TypeError if the provided globals namespace is not a true dict.
+    def init_hooks(self):
+        # hooks holds pointers used for user-side customizations
+        self.hooks = Struct()
 
-        :Parameters:
-            user_ns : dict-like, optional
-                The current user namespace. The items in this namespace should
-                be included in the output. If None, an appropriate blank
-                namespace should be created.
-            user_global_ns : dict, optional
-                The current user global namespace. The items in this namespace
-                should be included in the output. If None, an appropriate
-                blank namespace should be created.
+        self.strdispatchers = {}
 
-        :Returns:
-            A tuple pair of dictionary-like object to be used as the local namespace
-            of the interpreter and a dict to be used as the global namespace.
-        """
+        # Set all default hooks, defined in the IPython.hooks module.
+        import IPython.core.hooks
+        hooks = IPython.core.hooks
+        for hook_name in hooks.__all__:
+            # default hooks have priority 100, i.e. low; user hooks should have
+            # 0-100 priority
+            self.set_hook(hook_name,getattr(hooks,hook_name), 100)
 
-        if user_ns is None:
-            # Set __name__ to __main__ to better match the behavior of the
-            # normal interpreter.
-            user_ns = {'__name__'     :'__main__',
-                       '__builtins__' : __builtin__,
-                      }
-        else:
-            user_ns.setdefault('__name__','__main__')
-            user_ns.setdefault('__builtins__',__builtin__)
+    def set_hook(self,name,hook, priority = 50, str_key = None, re_key = None):
+        """set_hook(name,hook) -> sets an internal IPython hook.
 
-        if user_global_ns is None:
-            user_global_ns = user_ns
-        if type(user_global_ns) is not dict:
-            raise TypeError("user_global_ns must be a true dict; got %r"
-                % type(user_global_ns))
+        IPython exposes some of its internal API as user-modifiable hooks.  By
+        adding your function to one of these hooks, you can modify IPython's 
+        behavior to call at runtime your own routines."""
 
-        return user_ns, user_global_ns
+        # At some point in the future, this should validate the hook before it
+        # accepts it.  Probably at least check that the hook takes the number
+        # of args it's supposed to.
 
-    def init_history(self):
-        # List of input with multi-line handling.
-        self.input_hist = InputList()
-        # This one will hold the 'raw' input history, without any
-        # pre-processing.  This will allow users to retrieve the input just as
-        # it was exactly typed in by the user, with %hist -r.
-        self.input_hist_raw = InputList()
+        f = new.instancemethod(hook,self,self.__class__)
 
-        # list of visited directories
-        try:
-            self.dir_hist = [os.getcwd()]
-        except OSError:
-            self.dir_hist = []
+        # check if the hook is for strdispatcher first
+        if str_key is not None:
+            sdp = self.strdispatchers.get(name, StrDispatch())
+            sdp.add_s(str_key, f, priority )
+            self.strdispatchers[name] = sdp
+            return
+        if re_key is not None:
+            sdp = self.strdispatchers.get(name, StrDispatch())
+            sdp.add_re(re.compile(re_key), f, priority )
+            self.strdispatchers[name] = sdp
+            return
 
-        # dict of output history
-        self.output_hist = {}
+        dp = getattr(self.hooks, name, None)
+        if name not in IPython.core.hooks.__all__:
+            print "Warning! Hook '%s' is not one of %s" % (name, IPython.core.hooks.__all__ )
+        if not dp:
+            dp = IPython.core.hooks.CommandChainDispatcher()
 
-        # Now the history file
         try:
-            histfname = 'history-%s' % self.profile
+            dp.add(f,priority)
         except AttributeError:
-            histfname = 'history'
-        self.histfile = os.path.join(self.config.IPYTHONDIR, histfname)
+            # it was not commandchain, plain old func - replace
+            dp = f
 
-        # Fill the history zero entry, user counter starts at 1
-        self.input_hist.append('\n')
-        self.input_hist_raw.append('\n')
+        setattr(self.hooks,name, dp)
 
-    def init_encoding(self):
-        # Get system encoding at startup time.  Certain terminals (like Emacs
-        # under Win32 have it set to None, and we need to have a known valid
-        # encoding to use in the raw_input() method
-        try:
-            self.stdin_encoding = sys.stdin.encoding or 'ascii'
-        except AttributeError:
-            self.stdin_encoding = 'ascii'
+    #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # Things related to the "main" module
+    #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-    def init_handlers(self):
-        # escapes for automatic behavior on the command line
-        self.ESC_SHELL  = '!'
-        self.ESC_SH_CAP = '!!'
-        self.ESC_HELP   = '?'
-        self.ESC_MAGIC  = '%'
-        self.ESC_QUOTE  = ','
-        self.ESC_QUOTE2 = ';'
-        self.ESC_PAREN  = '/'
+    def new_main_mod(self,ns=None):
+        """Return a new 'main' module object for user code execution.
+        """
+        main_mod = self._user_main_module
+        init_fakemod_dict(main_mod,ns)
+        return main_mod
 
-        # And their associated handlers
-        self.esc_handlers = {self.ESC_PAREN  : self.handle_auto,
-                             self.ESC_QUOTE  : self.handle_auto,
-                             self.ESC_QUOTE2 : self.handle_auto,
-                             self.ESC_MAGIC  : self.handle_magic,
-                             self.ESC_HELP   : self.handle_help,
-                             self.ESC_SHELL  : self.handle_shell_escape,
-                             self.ESC_SH_CAP : self.handle_shell_escape,
-                             }
+    def cache_main_mod(self,ns,fname):
+        """Cache a main module's namespace.
 
-    def init_syntax_highlighting(self):
-        # Python source parser/formatter for syntax highlighting
-        pyformat = PyColorize.Parser().format
-        self.pycolorize = lambda src: pyformat(src,'str',self.colors)
+        When scripts are executed via %run, we must keep a reference to the
+        namespace of their __main__ module (a FakeModule instance) around so
+        that Python doesn't clear it, rendering objects defined therein
+        useless.
 
-    def init_hooks(self):
-        # hooks holds pointers used for user-side customizations
-        self.hooks = Struct()
+        This method keeps said reference in a private dict, keyed by the
+        absolute path of the module object (which corresponds to the script
+        path).  This way, for multiple executions of the same script we only
+        keep one copy of the namespace (the last one), thus preventing memory
+        leaks from old references while allowing the objects from the last
+        execution to be accessible.
         
-        self.strdispatchers = {}
+        Note: we can not allow the actual FakeModule instances to be deleted,
+        because of how Python tears down modules (it hard-sets all their
+        references to None without regard for reference counts).  This method
+        must therefore make a *copy* of the given namespace, to allow the
+        original module's __dict__ to be cleared and reused.
         
-        # Set all default hooks, defined in the IPython.hooks module.
-        import IPython.core.hooks
-        hooks = IPython.core.hooks
-        for hook_name in hooks.__all__:
-            # default hooks have priority 100, i.e. low; user hooks should have
-            # 0-100 priority
-            self.set_hook(hook_name,getattr(hooks,hook_name), 100)
 
-    def init_pushd_popd_magic(self):
-        # for pushd/popd management
-        try:
-            self.home_dir = get_home_dir()
-        except HomeDirError, msg:
-            fatal(msg)
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+          ns : a namespace (a dict, typically)
 
-        self.dir_stack = []
+          fname : str
+            Filename associated with the namespace.
 
-    def init_traceback_handlers(self, custom_exceptions):
-        # Syntax error handler.
-        self.SyntaxTB = SyntaxTB(color_scheme='NoColor')
+        Examples
+        --------
         
-        # The interactive one is initialized with an offset, meaning we always
-        # want to remove the topmost item in the traceback, which is our own
-        # internal code. Valid modes: ['Plain','Context','Verbose']
-        self.InteractiveTB = ultratb.AutoFormattedTB(mode = 'Plain',
-                                                     color_scheme='NoColor',
-                                                     tb_offset = 1)
+        In [10]: import IPython
 
-        # IPython itself shouldn't crash. This will produce a detailed
-        # post-mortem if it does.  But we only install the crash handler for
-        # non-threaded shells, the threaded ones use a normal verbose reporter
-        # and lose the crash handler.  This is because exceptions in the main
-        # thread (such as in GUI code) propagate directly to sys.excepthook,
-        # and there's no point in printing crash dumps for every user exception.
-        if self.isthreaded:
-            ipCrashHandler = ultratb.FormattedTB()
-        else:
-            from IPython.core import crashhandler
-            ipCrashHandler = crashhandler.IPythonCrashHandler(self)
-        self.set_crash_handler(ipCrashHandler)
+        In [11]: _ip.cache_main_mod(IPython.__dict__,IPython.__file__)
 
-        # and add any custom exception handlers the user may have specified
-        self.set_custom_exc(*custom_exceptions)
+        In [12]: IPython.__file__ in _ip._main_ns_cache
+        Out[12]: True
+        """
+        self._main_ns_cache[os.path.abspath(fname)] = ns.copy()
 
-    def init_logger(self):
-        self.logger = Logger(self, logfname='ipython_log.py', logmode='rotate')
-        # local shortcut, this is used a LOT
-        self.log = self.logger.log
-        # template for logfile headers.  It gets resolved at runtime by the
-        # logstart method.
-        self.loghead_tpl = \
-"""#log# Automatic Logger file. *** THIS MUST BE THE FIRST LINE ***
-#log# DO NOT CHANGE THIS LINE OR THE TWO BELOW
-#log# opts = %s
-#log# args = %s
-#log# It is safe to make manual edits below here.
-#log#-----------------------------------------------------------------------
+    def clear_main_mod_cache(self):
+        """Clear the cache of main modules.
+
+        Mainly for use by utilities like %reset.
+
+        Examples
+        --------
+
+        In [15]: import IPython
+
+        In [16]: _ip.cache_main_mod(IPython.__dict__,IPython.__file__)
+
+        In [17]: len(_ip._main_ns_cache) > 0
+        Out[17]: True
+
+        In [18]: _ip.clear_main_mod_cache()
+
+        In [19]: len(_ip._main_ns_cache) == 0
+        Out[19]: True
 """
+        self._main_ns_cache.clear()
 
-    def init_logstart(self):
-        if self.logplay:
-            self.magic_logstart(self.logplay + ' append')
-        elif  self.logfile:
-            self.magic_logstart(self.logfile)
-        elif self.logstart:
-            self.magic_logstart()
+    #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # Things related to debugging
+    #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-    def init_aliases(self):
-        # dict of things NOT to alias (keywords, builtins and some magics)
-        no_alias = {}
-        no_alias_magics = ['cd','popd','pushd','dhist','alias','unalias']
-        for key in keyword.kwlist + no_alias_magics:
-            no_alias[key] = 1
-        no_alias.update(__builtin__.__dict__)
-        self.no_alias = no_alias
+    def init_pdb(self):
+        # Set calling of pdb on exceptions
+        # self.call_pdb is a property
+        self.call_pdb = self.pdb
 
-        # Make some aliases automatically
-        # Prepare list of shell aliases to auto-define
-        if os.name == 'posix':
-            auto_alias = ('mkdir mkdir', 'rmdir rmdir',
-                          'mv mv -i','rm rm -i','cp cp -i',
-                          'cat cat','less less','clear clear',
-                          # a better ls
-                          'ls ls -F',
-                          # long ls
-                          'll ls -lF')
-            # Extra ls aliases with color, which need special treatment on BSD
-            # variants
-            ls_extra = ( # color ls
-                         'lc ls -F -o --color',
-                         # ls normal files only
-                         'lf ls -F -o --color %l | grep ^-',
-                         # ls symbolic links
-                         'lk ls -F -o --color %l | grep ^l',
-                         # directories or links to directories,
-                         'ldir ls -F -o --color %l | grep /$',
-                         # things which are executable
-                         'lx ls -F -o --color %l | grep ^-..x',
-                         )
-            # The BSDs don't ship GNU ls, so they don't understand the
-            # --color switch out of the box
-            if 'bsd' in sys.platform:
-                ls_extra = ( # ls normal files only
-                             'lf ls -lF | grep ^-',
-                             # ls symbolic links
-                             'lk ls -lF | grep ^l',
-                             # directories or links to directories,
-                             'ldir ls -lF | grep /$',
-                             # things which are executable
-                             'lx ls -lF | grep ^-..x',
-                             )
-            auto_alias = auto_alias + ls_extra
-        elif os.name in ['nt','dos']:
-            auto_alias = ('ls dir /on',
-                          'ddir dir /ad /on', 'ldir dir /ad /on',
-                          'mkdir mkdir','rmdir rmdir','echo echo',
-                          'ren ren','cls cls','copy copy')
-        else:
-            auto_alias = ()
-        self.auto_alias = [s.split(None,1) for s in auto_alias]
+    def _get_call_pdb(self):
+        return self._call_pdb
         
-        # Load default aliases
-        for alias, cmd in self.auto_alias:
-            self.define_alias(alias,cmd)
+    def _set_call_pdb(self,val):
 
-        # Load user aliases
-        for alias in self.alias:
-            self.magic_alias(alias)
+        if val not in (0,1,False,True):
+            raise ValueError,'new call_pdb value must be boolean'
 
-    def init_builtins(self):
-        self.builtin_trap = BuiltinTrap(self)
+        # store value in instance
+        self._call_pdb = val
 
-    def init_shadow_hist(self):
+        # notify the actual exception handlers
+        self.InteractiveTB.call_pdb = val
+        if self.isthreaded:
         try:
-            self.db = pickleshare.PickleShareDB(self.config.IPYTHONDIR + "/db")
-        except exceptions.UnicodeDecodeError:
-            print "Your ipythondir can't be decoded to unicode!"
-            print "Please set HOME environment variable to something that"
-            print r"only has ASCII characters, e.g. c:\home"
-            print "Now it is", self.config.IPYTHONDIR
-            sys.exit()
-        self.shadowhist = ipcorehist.ShadowHist(self.db)
+                self.sys_excepthook.call_pdb = val
+            except:
+                warn('Failed to activate pdb for threaded exception handler')
 
-    def init_inspector(self):
-        # Object inspector
-        self.inspector = oinspect.Inspector(oinspect.InspectColors,
-                                            PyColorize.ANSICodeColors,
-                                            'NoColor',
-                                            self.object_info_string_level)
+    call_pdb = property(_get_call_pdb,_set_call_pdb,None,
+                        'Control auto-activation of pdb at exceptions')
 
-    def init_readline(self):
-        """Command history completion/saving/reloading."""
+    def debugger(self,force=False):
+        """Call the pydb/pdb debugger.
 
-        self.rl_next_input = None
-        self.rl_do_indent = False
+        Keywords:
 
-        if not self.readline_use:
+          - force(False): by default, this routine checks the instance call_pdb
+          flag and does not actually invoke the debugger if the flag is false.
+          The 'force' option forces the debugger to activate even if the flag
+          is false.
+        """
+
+        if not (force or self.call_pdb):
             return
 
-        import IPython.utils.rlineimpl as readline
+        if not hasattr(sys,'last_traceback'):
+            error('No traceback has been produced, nothing to debug.')
+            return
                   
-        if not readline.have_readline:
-            self.has_readline = 0
-            self.readline = None
-            # no point in bugging windows users with this every time:
-            warn('Readline services not available on this platform.')
-        else:
-            sys.modules['readline'] = readline
-            import atexit
-            from IPython.core.completer import IPCompleter
-            self.Completer = IPCompleter(self,
-                                            self.user_ns,
-                                            self.user_global_ns,
-                                            self.readline_omit__names,
-                                            self.alias_table)
-            sdisp = self.strdispatchers.get('complete_command', StrDispatch())
-            self.strdispatchers['complete_command'] = sdisp
-            self.Completer.custom_completers = sdisp
-            # Platform-specific configuration
-            if os.name == 'nt':
-                self.readline_startup_hook = readline.set_pre_input_hook
+        # use pydb if available
+        if debugger.has_pydb:
+            from pydb import pm
             else:
-                self.readline_startup_hook = readline.set_startup_hook
+            # fallback to our internal debugger
+            pm = lambda : self.InteractiveTB.debugger(force=True)
+        self.history_saving_wrapper(pm)()
 
-            # Load user's initrc file (readline config)
-            # Or if libedit is used, load editrc.
-            inputrc_name = os.environ.get('INPUTRC')
-            if inputrc_name is None:
-                home_dir = get_home_dir()
-                if home_dir is not None:
-                    inputrc_name = '.inputrc'
-                    if readline.uses_libedit:
-                        inputrc_name = '.editrc'
-                    inputrc_name = os.path.join(home_dir, inputrc_name)
-            if os.path.isfile(inputrc_name):
-                try:
-                    readline.read_init_file(inputrc_name)
-                except:
-                    warn('Problems reading readline initialization file <%s>'
-                         % inputrc_name)
+    #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # Things related to IPython's various namespaces
+    #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
             
-            self.has_readline = 1
-            self.readline = readline
-            # save this in sys so embedded copies can restore it properly
-            sys.ipcompleter = self.Completer.complete
-            self.set_completer()
+    def init_create_namespaces(self, user_ns=None, user_global_ns=None):
+        # Create the namespace where the user will operate.  user_ns is
+        # normally the only one used, and it is passed to the exec calls as
+        # the locals argument.  But we do carry a user_global_ns namespace
+        # given as the exec 'globals' argument,  This is useful in embedding
+        # situations where the ipython shell opens in a context where the
+        # distinction between locals and globals is meaningful.  For
+        # non-embedded contexts, it is just the same object as the user_ns dict.
 
-            # Configure readline according to user's prefs
-            # This is only done if GNU readline is being used.  If libedit
-            # is being used (as on Leopard) the readline config is
-            # not run as the syntax for libedit is different.
-            if not readline.uses_libedit:
-                for rlcommand in self.readline_parse_and_bind:
-                    #print "loading rl:",rlcommand  # dbg
-                    readline.parse_and_bind(rlcommand)
+        # FIXME. For some strange reason, __builtins__ is showing up at user
+        # level as a dict instead of a module. This is a manual fix, but I
+        # should really track down where the problem is coming from. Alex
+        # Schmolck reported this problem first.
 
-            # Remove some chars from the delimiters list.  If we encounter
-            # unicode chars, discard them.
-            delims = readline.get_completer_delims().encode("ascii", "ignore")
-            delims = delims.translate(string._idmap,
-                                      self.readline_remove_delims)
-            readline.set_completer_delims(delims)
-            # otherwise we end up with a monster history after a while:
-            readline.set_history_length(1000)
-            try:
-                #print '*** Reading readline history'  # dbg
-                readline.read_history_file(self.histfile)
-            except IOError:
-                pass  # It doesn't exist yet.
+        # A useful post by Alex Martelli on this topic:
+        # Re: inconsistent value from __builtins__
+        # Von: Alex Martelli <[e-mail]>
+        # Datum: Freitag 01 Oktober 2004 04:45:34 nachmittags/abends
+        # Gruppen: comp.lang.python
 
-            atexit.register(self.atexit_operations)
-            del atexit
+        # Michael Hohn <[e-mail]> wrote:
+        # > >>> print type(builtin_check.get_global_binding('__builtins__'))
+        # > <type 'dict'>
+        # > >>> print type(__builtins__)
+        # > <type 'module'>
+        # > Is this difference in return value intentional?
 
-        # Configure auto-indent for all platforms
-        self.set_autoindent(self.autoindent)
+        # Well, it's documented that '__builtins__' can be either a dictionary
+        # or a module, and it's been that way for a long time. Whether it's
+        # intentional (or sensible), I don't know. In any case, the idea is
+        # that if you need to access the built-in namespace directly, you
+        # should start with "import __builtin__" (note, no 's') which will
+        # definitely give you a module. Yeah, it's somewhat confusing:-(.
 
-    def init_prompts(self):
-        # Initialize cache, set in/out prompts and printing system
-        self.outputcache = CachedOutput(self,
-                                        self.cache_size,
-                                        self.pprint,
-                                        input_sep = self.separate_in,
-                                        output_sep = self.separate_out,
-                                        output_sep2 = self.separate_out2,
-                                        ps1 = self.prompt_in1,
-                                        ps2 = self.prompt_in2,
-                                        ps_out = self.prompt_out,
-                                        pad_left = self.prompts_pad_left)
+        # These routines return properly built dicts as needed by the rest of
+        # the code, and can also be used by extension writers to generate
+        # properly initialized namespaces.
+        user_ns, user_global_ns = self.make_user_namespaces(user_ns,
+            user_global_ns)
 
-        # user may have over-ridden the default print hook:
-        try:
-            self.outputcache.__class__.display = self.hooks.display
-        except AttributeError:
-            pass
+        # Assign namespaces
+        # This is the namespace where all normal user variables live
+        self.user_ns = user_ns
+        self.user_global_ns = user_global_ns
 
-    def init_displayhook(self):
-        self.display_trap = DisplayTrap(self, self.outputcache)
+        # An auxiliary namespace that checks what parts of the user_ns were
+        # loaded at startup, so we can list later only variables defined in
+        # actual interactive use.  Since it is always a subset of user_ns, it
+        # doesn't need to be seaparately tracked in the ns_table
+        self.user_config_ns = {}
+
+        # A namespace to keep track of internal data structures to prevent
+        # them from cluttering user-visible stuff.  Will be updated later
+        self.internal_ns = {}
+
+        # Namespace of system aliases.  Each entry in the alias
+        # table must be a 2-tuple of the form (N,name), where N is the number
+        # of positional arguments of the alias.
+        self.alias_table = {}
+
+        # Now that FakeModule produces a real module, we've run into a nasty
+        # problem: after script execution (via %run), the module where the user
+        # code ran is deleted.  Now that this object is a true module (needed
+        # so docetst and other tools work correctly), the Python module
+        # teardown mechanism runs over it, and sets to None every variable
+        # present in that module.  Top-level references to objects from the
+        # script survive, because the user_ns is updated with them.  However,
+        # calling functions defined in the script that use other things from
+        # the script will fail, because the function's closure had references
+        # to the original objects, which are now all None.  So we must protect
+        # these modules from deletion by keeping a cache.
+        # 
+        # To avoid keeping stale modules around (we only need the one from the
+        # last run), we use a dict keyed with the full path to the script, so
+        # only the last version of the module is held in the cache.  Note,
+        # however, that we must cache the module *namespace contents* (their
+        # __dict__).  Because if we try to cache the actual modules, old ones
+        # (uncached) could be destroyed while still holding references (such as
+        # those held by GUI objects that tend to be long-lived)>
+        # 
+        # The %reset command will flush this cache.  See the cache_main_mod()
+        # and clear_main_mod_cache() methods for details on use.
+
+        # This is the cache used for 'main' namespaces
+        self._main_ns_cache = {}
+        # And this is the single instance of FakeModule whose __dict__ we keep
+        # copying and clearing for reuse on each %run
+        self._user_main_module = FakeModule()
+
+        # A table holding all the namespaces IPython deals with, so that
+        # introspection facilities can search easily.
+        self.ns_table = {'user':user_ns,
+                         'user_global':user_global_ns,
+                         'alias':self.alias_table,
+                         'internal':self.internal_ns,
+                         'builtin':__builtin__.__dict__
+                         }
+
+        # Similarly, track all namespaces where references can be held and that
+        # we can safely clear (so it can NOT include builtin).  This one can be
+        # a simple list.
+        self.ns_refs_table = [ user_ns, user_global_ns, self.user_config_ns,
+                               self.alias_table, self.internal_ns,
+                               self._main_ns_cache ]
+
+    def init_sys_modules(self):
+        # We need to insert into sys.modules something that looks like a
+        # module but which accesses the IPython namespace, for shelve and
+        # pickle to work interactively. Normally they rely on getting
+        # everything out of __main__, but for embedding purposes each IPython
+        # instance has its own private namespace, so we can't go shoving
+        # everything into __main__.
+
+        # note, however, that we should only do this for non-embedded
+        # ipythons, which really mimic the __main__.__dict__ with their own
+        # namespace.  Embedded instances, on the other hand, should not do
+        # this because they need to manage the user local/global namespaces
+        # only, but they live within a 'normal' __main__ (meaning, they
+        # shouldn't overtake the execution environment of the script they're
+        # embedded in).
+
+        # This is overridden in the InteractiveShellEmbed subclass to a no-op.
 
-    def init_reload_doctest(self):
-        # Do a proper resetting of doctest, including the necessary displayhook
-        # monkeypatching
         try:
-            doctest_reload()
-        except ImportError:
-            warn("doctest module does not exist.")
+            main_name = self.user_ns['__name__']
+        except KeyError:
+            raise KeyError('user_ns dictionary MUST have a "__name__" key')
+        else:
+            sys.modules[main_name] = FakeModule(self.user_ns)
 
-    def init_magics(self):
-        # Set user colors (don't do it in the constructor above so that it
-        # doesn't crash if colors option is invalid)
-        self.magic_colors(self.colors)
+    def make_user_namespaces(self, user_ns=None, user_global_ns=None):
+        """Return a valid local and global user interactive namespaces.
 
-    def init_pdb(self):
-        # Set calling of pdb on exceptions
-        # self.call_pdb is a property
-        self.call_pdb = self.pdb
+        This builds a dict with the minimal information needed to operate as a
+        valid IPython user namespace, which you can pass to the various
+        embedding classes in ipython. The default implementation returns the
+        same dict for both the locals and the globals to allow functions to
+        refer to variables in the namespace. Customized implementations can
+        return different dicts. The locals dictionary can actually be anything
+        following the basic mapping protocol of a dict, but the globals dict
+        must be a true dict, not even a subclass. It is recommended that any
+        custom object for the locals namespace synchronize with the globals
+        dict somehow.
 
-    # def init_exec_commands(self):
-    #     for cmd in self.config.EXECUTE:
-    #         print "execute:", cmd
-    #         self.api.runlines(cmd)
-    #         
-    #     batchrun = False
-    #     if self.config.has_key('EXECFILE'):
-    #         for batchfile in [path(arg) for arg in self.config.EXECFILE
-    #             if arg.lower().endswith('.ipy')]:
-    #             if not batchfile.isfile():
-    #                 print "No such batch file:", batchfile
-    #                 continue
-    #             self.api.runlines(batchfile.text())
-    #             batchrun = True
-    #     # without -i option, exit after running the batch file
-    #     if batchrun and not self.interactive:
-    #         self.ask_exit()            
+        Raises TypeError if the provided globals namespace is not a true dict.
 
-    # def load(self, mod):
-    #     """ Load an extension.
-    #     
-    #     Some modules should (or must) be 'load()':ed, rather than just imported.
-    #     
-    #     Loading will do:
-    #     
-    #     - run init_ipython(ip)
-    #     - run ipython_firstrun(ip)
-    #     """
-    # 
-    #     if mod in self.extensions:
-    #         # just to make sure we don't init it twice
-    #         # note that if you 'load' a module that has already been
-    #         # imported, init_ipython gets run anyway
-    #         
-    #         return self.extensions[mod]
-    #     __import__(mod)
-    #     m = sys.modules[mod]
-    #     if hasattr(m,'init_ipython'):
-    #         m.init_ipython(self)
-    #         
-    #     if hasattr(m,'ipython_firstrun'):
-    #         already_loaded = self.db.get('firstrun_done', set())
-    #         if mod not in already_loaded:
-    #             m.ipython_firstrun(self)
-    #             already_loaded.add(mod)
-    #             self.db['firstrun_done'] = already_loaded
-    #         
-    #     self.extensions[mod] = m
-    #     return m
+        :Parameters:
+            user_ns : dict-like, optional
+                The current user namespace. The items in this namespace should
+                be included in the output. If None, an appropriate blank
+                namespace should be created.
+            user_global_ns : dict, optional
+                The current user global namespace. The items in this namespace
+                should be included in the output. If None, an appropriate
+                blank namespace should be created.
+
+        :Returns:
+            A tuple pair of dictionary-like object to be used as the local namespace
+            of the interpreter and a dict to be used as the global namespace.
+        """
+
+        if user_ns is None:
+            # Set __name__ to __main__ to better match the behavior of the
+            # normal interpreter.
+            user_ns = {'__name__'     :'__main__',
+                       '__builtins__' : __builtin__,
+                      }
+        else:
+            user_ns.setdefault('__name__','__main__')
+            user_ns.setdefault('__builtins__',__builtin__)
+
+        if user_global_ns is None:
+            user_global_ns = user_ns
+        if type(user_global_ns) is not dict:
+            raise TypeError("user_global_ns must be a true dict; got %r"
+                % type(user_global_ns))
+
+        return user_ns, user_global_ns
 
     def init_user_ns(self):
         """Initialize all user-visible namespaces to their minimum defaults.
 
         Certain history lists are also initialized here, as they effectively
         act as user namespaces.
 
-        Notes
-        -----
-        All data structures here are only filled in, they are NOT reset by this
-        method.  If they were not empty before, data will simply be added to
-        therm.
-        """
-        # The user namespace MUST have a pointer to the shell itself.
-        self.user_ns[self.name] = self
+        Notes
+        -----
+        All data structures here are only filled in, they are NOT reset by this
+        method.  If they were not empty before, data will simply be added to
+        therm.
+        """
+        # The user namespace MUST have a pointer to the shell itself.
+        self.user_ns[self.name] = self
+
+        # Store myself as the public api!!!
+        self.user_ns['_ip'] = self
+
+        # make global variables for user access to the histories
+        self.user_ns['_ih'] = self.input_hist
+        self.user_ns['_oh'] = self.output_hist
+        self.user_ns['_dh'] = self.dir_hist
+
+        # user aliases to input and output histories
+        self.user_ns['In']  = self.input_hist
+        self.user_ns['Out'] = self.output_hist
+
+        self.user_ns['_sh'] = shadowns
+
+        # Put 'help' in the user namespace
+        try:
+            from site import _Helper
+            self.user_ns['help'] = _Helper()
+        except ImportError:
+            warn('help() not available - check site.py')
+
+    def reset(self):
+        """Clear all internal namespaces.
+
+        Note that this is much more aggressive than %reset, since it clears
+        fully all namespaces, as well as all input/output lists.
+        """
+        for ns in self.ns_refs_table:
+            ns.clear()
+
+        # Clear input and output histories
+        self.input_hist[:] = []
+        self.input_hist_raw[:] = []
+        self.output_hist.clear()
+        # Restore the user namespaces to minimal usability
+        self.init_user_ns()
+
+    def push(self, variables, interactive=True):
+        """Inject a group of variables into the IPython user namespace.
+
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+        variables : dict, str or list/tuple of str
+            The variables to inject into the user's namespace.  If a dict,
+            a simple update is done.  If a str, the string is assumed to 
+            have variable names separated by spaces.  A list/tuple of str
+            can also be used to give the variable names.  If just the variable
+            names are give (list/tuple/str) then the variable values looked
+            up in the callers frame.
+        interactive : bool
+            If True (default), the variables will be listed with the ``who``
+            magic.
+        """
+        vdict = None
+
+        # We need a dict of name/value pairs to do namespace updates.
+        if isinstance(variables, dict):
+            vdict = variables
+        elif isinstance(variables, (basestring, list, tuple)):
+            if isinstance(variables, basestring):
+                vlist = variables.split()
+            else:
+                vlist = variables
+            vdict = {}
+            cf = sys._getframe(1)
+            for name in vlist:
+                try:
+                    vdict[name] = eval(name, cf.f_globals, cf.f_locals)
+                except:
+                    print ('Could not get variable %s from %s' %
+                           (name,cf.f_code.co_name))
+        else:
+            raise ValueError('variables must be a dict/str/list/tuple')
+            
+        # Propagate variables to user namespace
+        self.user_ns.update(vdict)
+
+        # And configure interactive visibility
+        config_ns = self.user_config_ns
+        if interactive:
+            for name, val in vdict.iteritems():
+                config_ns.pop(name, None)
+        else:
+            for name,val in vdict.iteritems():
+                config_ns[name] = val
 
-        # Store myself as the public api!!!
-        self.user_ns['_ip'] = self
+    #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # Things related to history management
+    #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-        # make global variables for user access to the histories
-        self.user_ns['_ih'] = self.input_hist
-        self.user_ns['_oh'] = self.output_hist
-        self.user_ns['_dh'] = self.dir_hist
+    def init_history(self):
+        # List of input with multi-line handling.
+        self.input_hist = InputList()
+        # This one will hold the 'raw' input history, without any
+        # pre-processing.  This will allow users to retrieve the input just as
+        # it was exactly typed in by the user, with %hist -r.
+        self.input_hist_raw = InputList()
 
-        # user aliases to input and output histories
-        self.user_ns['In']  = self.input_hist
-        self.user_ns['Out'] = self.output_hist
+        # list of visited directories
+        try:
+            self.dir_hist = [os.getcwd()]
+        except OSError:
+            self.dir_hist = []
 
-        self.user_ns['_sh'] = shadowns
+        # dict of output history
+        self.output_hist = {}
 
-        # Put 'help' in the user namespace
+        # Now the history file
         try:
-            from site import _Helper
-            self.user_ns['help'] = _Helper()
-        except ImportError:
-            warn('help() not available - check site.py')
+            histfname = 'history-%s' % self.profile
+        except AttributeError:
+            histfname = 'history'
+        self.histfile = os.path.join(self.config.IPYTHONDIR, histfname)
 
-    def save_sys_module_state(self):
-        """Save the state of hooks in the sys module.
+        # Fill the history zero entry, user counter starts at 1
+        self.input_hist.append('\n')
+        self.input_hist_raw.append('\n')
 
-        This has to be called after self.user_ns is created.
-        """
-        self._orig_sys_module_state = {}
-        self._orig_sys_module_state['stdin'] = sys.stdin
-        self._orig_sys_module_state['stdout'] = sys.stdout
-        self._orig_sys_module_state['stderr'] = sys.stderr
-        self._orig_sys_module_state['excepthook'] = sys.excepthook
+    def init_shadow_hist(self):
         try:
-            self._orig_sys_modules_main_name = self.user_ns['__name__']
-        except KeyError:
-            pass
+            self.db = pickleshare.PickleShareDB(self.config.IPYTHONDIR + "/db")
+        except exceptions.UnicodeDecodeError:
+            print "Your ipythondir can't be decoded to unicode!"
+            print "Please set HOME environment variable to something that"
+            print r"only has ASCII characters, e.g. c:\home"
+            print "Now it is", self.config.IPYTHONDIR
+            sys.exit()
+        self.shadowhist = ipcorehist.ShadowHist(self.db)
+
+    def savehist(self):
+        """Save input history to a file (via readline library)."""
+
+        if not self.has_readline:
+            return
 
-    def restore_sys_module_state(self):
-        """Restore the state of the sys module."""
         try:
-            for k, v in self._orig_sys_module_state.items():
-                setattr(sys, k, v)
-        except AttributeError:
-            pass
+            self.readline.write_history_file(self.histfile)
+        except:
+            print 'Unable to save IPython command history to file: ' + \
+                  `self.histfile`
+
+    def reloadhist(self):
+        """Reload the input history from disk file."""
+
+        if self.has_readline:
         try:
-            delattr(sys, 'ipcompleter')
+                self.readline.clear_history()
+                self.readline.read_history_file(self.shell.histfile)
         except AttributeError:
             pass
-        # Reset what what done in self.init_sys_modules
-        try:
-            sys.modules[self.user_ns['__name__']] = self._orig_sys_modules_main_name
-        except (AttributeError, KeyError):
-            pass
 
-    def set_hook(self,name,hook, priority = 50, str_key = None, re_key = None):
-        """set_hook(name,hook) -> sets an internal IPython hook.
+    def history_saving_wrapper(self, func):
+        """ Wrap func for readline history saving
 
-        IPython exposes some of its internal API as user-modifiable hooks.  By
-        adding your function to one of these hooks, you can modify IPython's 
-        behavior to call at runtime your own routines."""
+        Convert func into callable that saves & restores
+        history around the call """
 
-        # At some point in the future, this should validate the hook before it
-        # accepts it.  Probably at least check that the hook takes the number
-        # of args it's supposed to.
+        if not self.has_readline:
+            return func
         
-        f = new.instancemethod(hook,self,self.__class__)
+        def wrapper():
+            self.savehist()
+            try:
+                func()
+            finally:
+                readline.read_history_file(self.histfile)
+        return wrapper
 
-        # check if the hook is for strdispatcher first
-        if str_key is not None:
-            sdp = self.strdispatchers.get(name, StrDispatch())
-            sdp.add_s(str_key, f, priority )
-            self.strdispatchers[name] = sdp
-            return
-        if re_key is not None:
-            sdp = self.strdispatchers.get(name, StrDispatch())
-            sdp.add_re(re.compile(re_key), f, priority )
-            self.strdispatchers[name] = sdp
-            return
+    #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # Things related to exception handling and tracebacks (not debugging)
+    #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
             
-        dp = getattr(self.hooks, name, None)
-        if name not in IPython.core.hooks.__all__:
-            print "Warning! Hook '%s' is not one of %s" % (name, IPython.core.hooks.__all__ )
-        if not dp:
-            dp = IPython.core.hooks.CommandChainDispatcher()
+    def init_traceback_handlers(self, custom_exceptions):
+        # Syntax error handler.
+        self.SyntaxTB = SyntaxTB(color_scheme='NoColor')
         
-        try:
-            dp.add(f,priority)
-        except AttributeError:
-            # it was not commandchain, plain old func - replace
-            dp = f
+        # The interactive one is initialized with an offset, meaning we always
+        # want to remove the topmost item in the traceback, which is our own
+        # internal code. Valid modes: ['Plain','Context','Verbose']
+        self.InteractiveTB = ultratb.AutoFormattedTB(mode = 'Plain',
+                                                     color_scheme='NoColor',
+                                                     tb_offset = 1)
 
-        setattr(self.hooks,name, dp)
+        # IPython itself shouldn't crash. This will produce a detailed
+        # post-mortem if it does.  But we only install the crash handler for
+        # non-threaded shells, the threaded ones use a normal verbose reporter
+        # and lose the crash handler.  This is because exceptions in the main
+        # thread (such as in GUI code) propagate directly to sys.excepthook,
+        # and there's no point in printing crash dumps for every user exception.
+        if self.isthreaded:
+            ipCrashHandler = ultratb.FormattedTB()
+        else:
+            from IPython.core import crashhandler
+            ipCrashHandler = crashhandler.IPythonCrashHandler(self)
+        self.set_crash_handler(ipCrashHandler)
+
+        # and add any custom exception handlers the user may have specified
+        self.set_custom_exc(*custom_exceptions)
 
     def set_crash_handler(self, crashHandler):
         """Set the IPython crash handler.
 
         This must be a callable with a signature suitable for use as
         sys.excepthook."""
 
         # Install the given crash handler as the Python exception hook
         sys.excepthook = crashHandler
         
         # The instance will store a pointer to this, so that runtime code
         # (such as magics) can access it.  This is because during the
         # read-eval loop, it gets temporarily overwritten (to deal with GUI
         # frameworks).
         self.sys_excepthook = sys.excepthook
 
     def set_custom_exc(self,exc_tuple,handler):
         """set_custom_exc(exc_tuple,handler)
 
         Set a custom exception handler, which will be called if any of the
         exceptions in exc_tuple occur in the mainloop (specifically, in the
         runcode() method.
 
         Inputs:
 
           - exc_tuple: a *tuple* of valid exceptions to call the defined
           handler for.  It is very important that you use a tuple, and NOT A
           LIST here, because of the way Python's except statement works.  If
           you only want to trap a single exception, use a singleton tuple:
 
             exc_tuple == (MyCustomException,)
 
           - handler: this must be defined as a function with the following
           basic interface: def my_handler(self,etype,value,tb).
 
           This will be made into an instance method (via new.instancemethod)
           of IPython itself, and it will be called if any of the exceptions
           listed in the exc_tuple are caught.  If the handler is None, an
           internal basic one is used, which just prints basic info.
 
         WARNING: by putting in your own exception handler into IPython's main
         execution loop, you run a very good chance of nasty crashes.  This
         facility should only be used if you really know what you are doing."""
 
         assert type(exc_tuple)==type(()) , \
                "The custom exceptions must be given AS A TUPLE."
 
         def dummy_handler(self,etype,value,tb):
             print '*** Simple custom exception handler ***'
             print 'Exception type :',etype
             print 'Exception value:',value
             print 'Traceback      :',tb
             print 'Source code    :','\n'.join(self.buffer)
 
         if handler is None: handler = dummy_handler
 
         self.CustomTB = new.instancemethod(handler,self,self.__class__)
         self.custom_exceptions = exc_tuple
 
-    def set_custom_completer(self,completer,pos=0):
-        """set_custom_completer(completer,pos=0)
-
-        Adds a new custom completer function.
-
-        The position argument (defaults to 0) is the index in the completers
-        list where you want the completer to be inserted."""
-
-        newcomp = new.instancemethod(completer,self.Completer,
-                                     self.Completer.__class__)
-        self.Completer.matchers.insert(pos,newcomp)
-
-    def set_completer(self):
-        """reset readline's completer to be our own."""
-        self.readline.set_completer(self.Completer.complete)
-        
-    def _get_call_pdb(self):
-        return self._call_pdb
-
-    def _set_call_pdb(self,val):
-
-        if val not in (0,1,False,True):
-            raise ValueError,'new call_pdb value must be boolean'
-
-        # store value in instance
-        self._call_pdb = val
-
-        # notify the actual exception handlers
-        self.InteractiveTB.call_pdb = val
-        if self.isthreaded:
-            try:
-                self.sys_excepthook.call_pdb = val
-            except:
-                warn('Failed to activate pdb for threaded exception handler')
-
-    call_pdb = property(_get_call_pdb,_set_call_pdb,None,
-                        'Control auto-activation of pdb at exceptions')
-
-    def magic(self,arg_s):
-        """Call a magic function by name.
-
-        Input: a string containing the name of the magic function to call and any
-        additional arguments to be passed to the magic.
-
-        magic('name -opt foo bar') is equivalent to typing at the ipython
-        prompt:
-
-        In[1]: %name -opt foo bar
-
-        To call a magic without arguments, simply use magic('name').
-
-        This provides a proper Python function to call IPython's magics in any
-        valid Python code you can type at the interpreter, including loops and
-        compound statements.
-        """
-
-        args = arg_s.split(' ',1)
-        magic_name = args[0]
-        magic_name = magic_name.lstrip(self.ESC_MAGIC)
-
-        try:
-            magic_args = args[1]
-        except IndexError:
-            magic_args = ''
-        fn = getattr(self,'magic_'+magic_name,None)
-        if fn is None:
-            error("Magic function `%s` not found." % magic_name)
-        else:
-            magic_args = self.var_expand(magic_args,1)
-            with nested(self.builtin_trap, self.display_trap):
-                return fn(magic_args)
-            # return result
+    def excepthook(self, etype, value, tb):
+      """One more defense for GUI apps that call sys.excepthook.
 
-    def define_magic(self, magicname, func):
-        """Expose own function as magic function for ipython 
+      GUI frameworks like wxPython trap exceptions and call
+      sys.excepthook themselves.  I guess this is a feature that
+      enables them to keep running after exceptions that would
+      otherwise kill their mainloop. This is a bother for IPython
+      which excepts to catch all of the program exceptions with a try:
+      except: statement.
     
-        def foo_impl(self,parameter_s=''):
-            'My very own magic!. (Use docstrings, IPython reads them).'
-            print 'Magic function. Passed parameter is between < >:'
-            print '<%s>' % parameter_s
-            print 'The self object is:',self
+      Normally, IPython sets sys.excepthook to a CrashHandler instance, so if
+      any app directly invokes sys.excepthook, it will look to the user like
+      IPython crashed.  In order to work around this, we can disable the
+      CrashHandler and replace it with this excepthook instead, which prints a
+      regular traceback using our InteractiveTB.  In this fashion, apps which
+      call sys.excepthook will generate a regular-looking exception from
+      IPython, and the CrashHandler will only be triggered by real IPython
+      crashes.
     
-        self.define_magic('foo',foo_impl)
+      This hook should be used sparingly, only in places which are not likely
+      to be true IPython errors.
         """
+      self.showtraceback((etype,value,tb),tb_offset=0)
         
-        import new
-        im = new.instancemethod(func,self, self.__class__)
-        old = getattr(self, "magic_" + magicname, None)
-        setattr(self, "magic_" + magicname, im)
-        return old
-
-    def define_macro(self, name, themacro):
-        """Define a new macro
+    def showtraceback(self,exc_tuple = None,filename=None,tb_offset=None):
+        """Display the exception that just occurred.
 
-        Parameters
-        ----------
-        name : str
-            The name of the macro.
-        themacro : str or Macro
-            The action to do upon invoking the macro.  If a string, a new 
-            Macro object is created by passing the string to it.
-        """
+        If nothing is known about the exception, this is the method which
+        should be used throughout the code for presenting user tracebacks,
+        rather than directly invoking the InteractiveTB object.
         
-        from IPython.core import macro
+        A specific showsyntaxerror() also exists, but this method can take
+        care of calling it if needed, so unless you are explicitly catching a
+        SyntaxError exception, don't try to analyze the stack manually and
+        simply call this method."""
 
-        if isinstance(themacro, basestring):
-            themacro = macro.Macro(themacro)
-        if not isinstance(themacro, macro.Macro):
-            raise ValueError('A macro must be a string or a Macro instance.')
-        self.user_ns[name] = themacro
 
-    def define_alias(self, name, cmd):
-        """ Define a new alias."""
+        # Though this won't be called by syntax errors in the input line,
+        # there may be SyntaxError cases whith imported code.
 
-        if callable(cmd):
-            self.alias_table[name] = cmd
-            from IPython.core import shadowns
-            setattr(shadowns, name, cmd)
-            return
+        try:
+            if exc_tuple is None:
+                etype, value, tb = sys.exc_info()
+            else:
+                etype, value, tb = exc_tuple
 
-        if isinstance(cmd, basestring):
-            nargs = cmd.count('%s')
-            if nargs>0 and cmd.find('%l')>=0:
-                raise Exception('The %s and %l specifiers are mutually '
-                                'exclusive in alias definitions.')
+            if etype is SyntaxError:
+                self.showsyntaxerror(filename)
+            elif etype is UsageError:
+                print "UsageError:", value
+            else:
+                # WARNING: these variables are somewhat deprecated and not
+                # necessarily safe to use in a threaded environment, but tools
+                # like pdb depend on their existence, so let's set them.  If we
+                # find problems in the field, we'll need to revisit their use.
+                sys.last_type = etype
+                sys.last_value = value
+                sys.last_traceback = tb
                   
-            self.alias_table[name] = (nargs,cmd)
-            return
+                if etype in self.custom_exceptions:
+                    self.CustomTB(etype,value,tb)
+                else:
+                    self.InteractiveTB(etype,value,tb,tb_offset=tb_offset)
+                    if self.InteractiveTB.call_pdb and self.has_readline:
+                        # pdb mucks up readline, fix it back
+                        self.set_completer()
+        except KeyboardInterrupt:
+            self.write("\nKeyboardInterrupt\n")
         
-        self.alias_table[name] = cmd
+    def showsyntaxerror(self, filename=None):
+        """Display the syntax error that just occurred.
 
-    def ipalias(self,arg_s):
-        """Call an alias by name.
+        This doesn't display a stack trace because there isn't one.
 
-        Input: a string containing the name of the alias to call and any
-        additional arguments to be passed to the magic.
+        If a filename is given, it is stuffed in the exception instead
+        of what was there before (because Python's parser always uses
+        "<string>" when reading from a string).
+        """
+        etype, value, last_traceback = sys.exc_info()
 
-        ipalias('name -opt foo bar') is equivalent to typing at the ipython
-        prompt:
+        # See note about these variables in showtraceback() below
+        sys.last_type = etype
+        sys.last_value = value
+        sys.last_traceback = last_traceback
 
-        In[1]: name -opt foo bar
+        if filename and etype is SyntaxError:
+            # Work hard to stuff the correct filename in the exception
+            try:
+                msg, (dummy_filename, lineno, offset, line) = value
+            except:
+                # Not the format we expect; leave it alone
+                pass
+            else:
+                # Stuff in the right filename
+                try:
+                    # Assume SyntaxError is a class exception
+                    value = SyntaxError(msg, (filename, lineno, offset, line))
+                except:
+                    # If that failed, assume SyntaxError is a string
+                    value = msg, (filename, lineno, offset, line)
+        self.SyntaxTB(etype,value,[])
 
-        To call an alias without arguments, simply use ipalias('name').
+    def edit_syntax_error(self):
+        """The bottom half of the syntax error handler called in the main loop.
 
-        This provides a proper Python function to call IPython's aliases in any
-        valid Python code you can type at the interpreter, including loops and
-        compound statements.  It is added by IPython to the Python builtin
-        namespace upon initialization."""
+        Loop until syntax error is fixed or user cancels.
+        """
 
-        args = arg_s.split(' ',1)
-        alias_name = args[0]
+        while self.SyntaxTB.last_syntax_error:
+            # copy and clear last_syntax_error
+            err = self.SyntaxTB.clear_err_state()
+            if not self._should_recompile(err):
+                return
         try:
-            alias_args = args[1]
-        except IndexError:
-            alias_args = ''
-        if alias_name in self.alias_table:
-            self.call_alias(alias_name,alias_args)
+                # may set last_syntax_error again if a SyntaxError is raised
+                self.safe_execfile(err.filename,self.user_ns)
+            except:
+                self.showtraceback()
         else:
-            error("Alias `%s` not found." % alias_name)
-
-    def system(self, cmd):
-        """Make a system call, using IPython."""
-        return self.hooks.shell_hook(self.var_expand(cmd, depth=2))
+                try:
+                    f = file(err.filename)
+                    try:
+                        # This should be inside a display_trap block and I 
+                        # think it is.
+                        sys.displayhook(f.read())
+                    finally:
+                        f.close()
+                except:
+                    self.showtraceback()
 
-    def ex(self, cmd):
-        """Execute a normal python statement in user namespace."""
-        with nested(self.builtin_trap, self.display_trap):
-            exec cmd in self.user_global_ns, self.user_ns
+    def _should_recompile(self,e):
+        """Utility routine for edit_syntax_error"""
 
-    def ev(self, expr):
-        """Evaluate python expression expr in user namespace.
+        if e.filename in ('<ipython console>','<input>','<string>',
+                          '<console>','<BackgroundJob compilation>',
+                          None):
 
-        Returns the result of evaluation
-        """
-        with nested(self.builtin_trap, self.display_trap):
-            return eval(expr, self.user_global_ns, self.user_ns)
+            return False
+        try:
+            if (self.autoedit_syntax and 
+                not self.ask_yes_no('Return to editor to correct syntax error? '
+                              '[Y/n] ','y')):
+                return False
+        except EOFError:
+            return False
 
-    def getoutput(self, cmd):
-        return getoutput(self.var_expand(cmd,depth=2),
-                         header=self.system_header,
-                         verbose=self.system_verbose)
+        def int0(x):
+            try:
+                return int(x)
+            except TypeError:
+                return 0
+        # always pass integer line and offset values to editor hook
+        try:
+            self.hooks.fix_error_editor(e.filename,
+                int0(e.lineno),int0(e.offset),e.msg)
+        except TryNext:
+            warn('Could not open editor')
+            return False
+        return True
 
-    def getoutputerror(self, cmd):
-        return getoutputerror(self.var_expand(cmd,depth=2),
-                              header=self.system_header,
-                              verbose=self.system_verbose)
+    #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # Things related to tab completion
+    #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
     def complete(self, text):
         """Return a sorted list of all possible completions on text.
 
         Inputs:
 
           - text: a string of text to be completed on.
 
         This is a wrapper around the completion mechanism, similar to what
         readline does at the command line when the TAB key is hit.  By
         exposing it as a method, it can be used by other non-readline
         environments (such as GUIs) for text completion.
 
         Simple usage example:
 
         In [7]: x = 'hello'
 
         In [8]: x
         Out[8]: 'hello'
 
         In [9]: print x
         hello
 
         In [10]: _ip.complete('x.l')
         Out[10]: ['x.ljust', 'x.lower', 'x.lstrip']
         """
 
         # Inject names into __builtin__ so we can complete on the added names.
         with self.builtin_trap:
             complete = self.Completer.complete
             state = 0
             # use a dict so we get unique keys, since ipyhton's multiple
             # completers can return duplicates.  When we make 2.4 a requirement,
             # start using sets instead, which are faster.
             comps = {}
             while True:
                 newcomp = complete(text,state,line_buffer=text)
                 if newcomp is None:
                     break
                 comps[newcomp] = 1
                 state += 1
             outcomps = comps.keys()
             outcomps.sort()
             #print "T:",text,"OC:",outcomps  # dbg
             #print "vars:",self.user_ns.keys()
             return outcomps
         
-    def set_completer_frame(self, frame=None):
-        if frame:
-            self.Completer.namespace = frame.f_locals
-            self.Completer.global_namespace = frame.f_globals
+    def set_custom_completer(self,completer,pos=0):
+        """set_custom_completer(completer,pos=0)
+
+        Adds a new custom completer function.
+
+        The position argument (defaults to 0) is the index in the completers
+        list where you want the completer to be inserted."""
+
+        newcomp = new.instancemethod(completer,self.Completer,
+                                     self.Completer.__class__)
+        self.Completer.matchers.insert(pos,newcomp)
+
+    def set_completer(self):
+        """reset readline's completer to be our own."""
+        self.readline.set_completer(self.Completer.complete)
+
+    #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # Things related to readline
+    #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    def init_readline(self):
+        """Command history completion/saving/reloading."""
+
+        self.rl_next_input = None
+        self.rl_do_indent = False
+
+        if not self.readline_use:
+            return
+
+        import IPython.utils.rlineimpl as readline
+                  
+        if not readline.have_readline:
+            self.has_readline = 0
+            self.readline = None
+            # no point in bugging windows users with this every time:
+            warn('Readline services not available on this platform.')
+        else:
+            sys.modules['readline'] = readline
+            import atexit
+            from IPython.core.completer import IPCompleter
+            self.Completer = IPCompleter(self,
+                                            self.user_ns,
+                                            self.user_global_ns,
+                                            self.readline_omit__names,
+                                            self.alias_table)
+            sdisp = self.strdispatchers.get('complete_command', StrDispatch())
+            self.strdispatchers['complete_command'] = sdisp
+            self.Completer.custom_completers = sdisp
+            # Platform-specific configuration
+            if os.name == 'nt':
+                self.readline_startup_hook = readline.set_pre_input_hook
         else:
-            self.Completer.namespace = self.user_ns
-            self.Completer.global_namespace = self.user_global_ns
+                self.readline_startup_hook = readline.set_startup_hook
 
-    def init_auto_alias(self):
-        """Define some aliases automatically.
+            # Load user's initrc file (readline config)
+            # Or if libedit is used, load editrc.
+            inputrc_name = os.environ.get('INPUTRC')
+            if inputrc_name is None:
+                home_dir = get_home_dir()
+                if home_dir is not None:
+                    inputrc_name = '.inputrc'
+                    if readline.uses_libedit:
+                        inputrc_name = '.editrc'
+                    inputrc_name = os.path.join(home_dir, inputrc_name)
+            if os.path.isfile(inputrc_name):
+                try:
+                    readline.read_init_file(inputrc_name)
+                except:
+                    warn('Problems reading readline initialization file <%s>'
+                         % inputrc_name)
 
-        These are ALL parameter-less aliases"""
+            self.has_readline = 1
+            self.readline = readline
+            # save this in sys so embedded copies can restore it properly
+            sys.ipcompleter = self.Completer.complete
+            self.set_completer()
 
-        for alias,cmd in self.auto_alias:
-            self.define_alias(alias,cmd)
+            # Configure readline according to user's prefs
+            # This is only done if GNU readline is being used.  If libedit
+            # is being used (as on Leopard) the readline config is
+            # not run as the syntax for libedit is different.
+            if not readline.uses_libedit:
+                for rlcommand in self.readline_parse_and_bind:
+                    #print "loading rl:",rlcommand  # dbg
+                    readline.parse_and_bind(rlcommand)
 
-    def alias_table_validate(self,verbose=0):
-        """Update information about the alias table.
+            # Remove some chars from the delimiters list.  If we encounter
+            # unicode chars, discard them.
+            delims = readline.get_completer_delims().encode("ascii", "ignore")
+            delims = delims.translate(string._idmap,
+                                      self.readline_remove_delims)
+            readline.set_completer_delims(delims)
+            # otherwise we end up with a monster history after a while:
+            readline.set_history_length(1000)
+            try:
+                #print '*** Reading readline history'  # dbg
+                readline.read_history_file(self.histfile)
+            except IOError:
+                pass  # It doesn't exist yet.
 
-        In particular, make sure no Python keywords/builtins are in it."""
+            atexit.register(self.atexit_operations)
+            del atexit
 
-        no_alias = self.no_alias
-        for k in self.alias_table.keys():
-            if k in no_alias:
-                del self.alias_table[k]
-                if verbose:
-                    print ("Deleting alias <%s>, it's a Python "
-                           "keyword or builtin." % k)
+        # Configure auto-indent for all platforms
+        self.set_autoindent(self.autoindent)
 
     def set_next_input(self, s):
         """ Sets the 'default' input string for the next command line.
         
         Requires readline.
         
         Example:
         
         [D:\ipython]|1> _ip.set_next_input("Hello Word")
         [D:\ipython]|2> Hello Word_  # cursor is here        
         """
 
         self.rl_next_input = s
 
-    def set_autoindent(self,value=None):
-        """Set the autoindent flag, checking for readline support.
+    def pre_readline(self):
+        """readline hook to be used at the start of each line.
 
-        If called with no arguments, it acts as a toggle."""
+        Currently it handles auto-indent only."""
 
-        if not self.has_readline:
-            if os.name == 'posix':
-                warn("The auto-indent feature requires the readline library")
-            self.autoindent = 0
-            return
-        if value is None:
-            self.autoindent = not self.autoindent
-        else:
-            self.autoindent = value
+        #debugx('self.indent_current_nsp','pre_readline:')
 
-    def atexit_operations(self):
-        """This will be executed at the time of exit.
+        if self.rl_do_indent:
+            self.readline.insert_text(self._indent_current_str())
+        if self.rl_next_input is not None:
+            self.readline.insert_text(self.rl_next_input)
+            self.rl_next_input = None
 
-        Saving of persistent data should be performed here. """
+    def _indent_current_str(self):
+        """return the current level of indentation as a string"""
+        return self.indent_current_nsp * ' '
 
-        #print '*** IPython exit cleanup ***' # dbg
-        # input history
-        self.savehist()
+    #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # Things related to magics
+    #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-        # Cleanup all tempfiles left around
-        for tfile in self.tempfiles:
-            try:
-                os.unlink(tfile)
-            except OSError:
-                pass
+    def init_magics(self):
+        # Set user colors (don't do it in the constructor above so that it
+        # doesn't crash if colors option is invalid)
+        self.magic_colors(self.colors)
 
-        # Clear all user namespaces to release all references cleanly.
-        self.reset()
+    def magic(self,arg_s):
+        """Call a magic function by name.
 
-        # Run user hooks
-        self.hooks.shutdown_hook()
+        Input: a string containing the name of the magic function to call and any
+        additional arguments to be passed to the magic.
 
-    def reset(self):
-        """Clear all internal namespaces.
+        magic('name -opt foo bar') is equivalent to typing at the ipython
+        prompt:
 
-        Note that this is much more aggressive than %reset, since it clears
-        fully all namespaces, as well as all input/output lists.
-        """
-        for ns in self.ns_refs_table:
-            ns.clear()
+        In[1]: %name -opt foo bar
 
-        # Clear input and output histories
-        self.input_hist[:] = []
-        self.input_hist_raw[:] = []
-        self.output_hist.clear()
-        # Restore the user namespaces to minimal usability
-        self.init_user_ns()
+        To call a magic without arguments, simply use magic('name').
         
-    def savehist(self):
-        """Save input history to a file (via readline library)."""
+        This provides a proper Python function to call IPython's magics in any
+        valid Python code you can type at the interpreter, including loops and
+        compound statements.
+        """
 
-        if not self.has_readline:
-            return
+        args = arg_s.split(' ',1)
+        magic_name = args[0]
+        magic_name = magic_name.lstrip(self.ESC_MAGIC)
         
         try:
-            self.readline.write_history_file(self.histfile)
-        except:
-            print 'Unable to save IPython command history to file: ' + \
-                  `self.histfile`
+            magic_args = args[1]
+        except IndexError:
+            magic_args = ''
+        fn = getattr(self,'magic_'+magic_name,None)
+        if fn is None:
+            error("Magic function `%s` not found." % magic_name)
+        else:
+            magic_args = self.var_expand(magic_args,1)
+            with nested(self.builtin_trap, self.display_trap):
+                return fn(magic_args)
+            # return result
 
-    def reloadhist(self):
-        """Reload the input history from disk file."""
+    def define_magic(self, magicname, func):
+        """Expose own function as magic function for ipython 
 
-        if self.has_readline:
-            try:
-                self.readline.clear_history()
-                self.readline.read_history_file(self.shell.histfile)
-            except AttributeError:
-                pass
+        def foo_impl(self,parameter_s=''):
+            'My very own magic!. (Use docstrings, IPython reads them).'
+            print 'Magic function. Passed parameter is between < >:'
+            print '<%s>' % parameter_s
+            print 'The self object is:',self
             
+        self.define_magic('foo',foo_impl)
+        """
 
-    def history_saving_wrapper(self, func):
-        """ Wrap func for readline history saving
+        import new
+        im = new.instancemethod(func,self, self.__class__)
+        old = getattr(self, "magic_" + magicname, None)
+        setattr(self, "magic_" + magicname, im)
+        return old
         
-        Convert func into callable that saves & restores
-        history around the call """
+    #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # Things related to macros
+    #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
         
-        if not self.has_readline:
-            return func
+    def define_macro(self, name, themacro):
+        """Define a new macro
         
-        def wrapper():
-            self.savehist()
-            try:
-                func()
-            finally:
-                readline.read_history_file(self.histfile)
-        return wrapper
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+        name : str
+            The name of the macro.
+        themacro : str or Macro
+            The action to do upon invoking the macro.  If a string, a new 
+            Macro object is created by passing the string to it.
+        """
             
-    def pre_readline(self):
-        """readline hook to be used at the start of each line.
+        from IPython.core import macro
 
-        Currently it handles auto-indent only."""
+        if isinstance(themacro, basestring):
+            themacro = macro.Macro(themacro)
+        if not isinstance(themacro, macro.Macro):
+            raise ValueError('A macro must be a string or a Macro instance.')
+        self.user_ns[name] = themacro
 
-        #debugx('self.indent_current_nsp','pre_readline:')
+    #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # Things related to the running of system commands
+    #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-        if self.rl_do_indent:
-            self.readline.insert_text(self.indent_current_str())
-        if self.rl_next_input is not None:
-            self.readline.insert_text(self.rl_next_input)
-            self.rl_next_input = None
+    def system(self, cmd):
+        """Make a system call, using IPython."""
+        return self.hooks.shell_hook(self.var_expand(cmd, depth=2))
 
-    def ask_yes_no(self,prompt,default=True):
-        if self.quiet:
-            return True
-        return ask_yes_no(prompt,default)
+    #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # Things related to aliases
+    #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    def init_aliases(self):
+        # dict of things NOT to alias (keywords, builtins and some magics)
+        no_alias = {}
+        no_alias_magics = ['cd','popd','pushd','dhist','alias','unalias']
+        for key in keyword.kwlist + no_alias_magics:
+            no_alias[key] = 1
+        no_alias.update(__builtin__.__dict__)
+        self.no_alias = no_alias
+
+        # Make some aliases automatically
+        # Prepare list of shell aliases to auto-define
+        if os.name == 'posix':
+            auto_alias = ('mkdir mkdir', 'rmdir rmdir',
+                          'mv mv -i','rm rm -i','cp cp -i',
+                          'cat cat','less less','clear clear',
+                          # a better ls
+                          'ls ls -F',
+                          # long ls
+                          'll ls -lF')
+            # Extra ls aliases with color, which need special treatment on BSD
+            # variants
+            ls_extra = ( # color ls
+                         'lc ls -F -o --color',
+                         # ls normal files only
+                         'lf ls -F -o --color %l | grep ^-',
+                         # ls symbolic links
+                         'lk ls -F -o --color %l | grep ^l',
+                         # directories or links to directories,
+                         'ldir ls -F -o --color %l | grep /$',
+                         # things which are executable
+                         'lx ls -F -o --color %l | grep ^-..x',
+                         )
+            # The BSDs don't ship GNU ls, so they don't understand the
+            # --color switch out of the box
+            if 'bsd' in sys.platform:
+                ls_extra = ( # ls normal files only
+                             'lf ls -lF | grep ^-',
+                             # ls symbolic links
+                             'lk ls -lF | grep ^l',
+                             # directories or links to directories,
+                             'ldir ls -lF | grep /$',
+                             # things which are executable
+                             'lx ls -lF | grep ^-..x',
+                             )
+            auto_alias = auto_alias + ls_extra
+        elif os.name in ['nt','dos']:
+            auto_alias = ('ls dir /on',
+                          'ddir dir /ad /on', 'ldir dir /ad /on',
+                          'mkdir mkdir','rmdir rmdir','echo echo',
+                          'ren ren','cls cls','copy copy')
+        else:
+            auto_alias = ()
+        self.auto_alias = [s.split(None,1) for s in auto_alias]
 
-    def new_main_mod(self,ns=None):
-        """Return a new 'main' module object for user code execution.
-        """
-        main_mod = self._user_main_module
-        init_fakemod_dict(main_mod,ns)
-        return main_mod
+        # Load default aliases
+        for alias, cmd in self.auto_alias:
+            self.define_alias(alias,cmd)
 
-    def cache_main_mod(self,ns,fname):
-        """Cache a main module's namespace.
+        # Load user aliases
+        for alias in self.alias:
+            self.magic_alias(alias)
 
-        When scripts are executed via %run, we must keep a reference to the
-        namespace of their __main__ module (a FakeModule instance) around so
-        that Python doesn't clear it, rendering objects defined therein
-        useless.
+    def call_alias(self,alias,rest=''):
+        """Call an alias given its name and the rest of the line.
 
-        This method keeps said reference in a private dict, keyed by the
-        absolute path of the module object (which corresponds to the script
-        path).  This way, for multiple executions of the same script we only
-        keep one copy of the namespace (the last one), thus preventing memory
-        leaks from old references while allowing the objects from the last
-        execution to be accessible.
+        This is only used to provide backwards compatibility for users of
+        ipalias(), use of which is not recommended for anymore."""
 
-        Note: we can not allow the actual FakeModule instances to be deleted,
-        because of how Python tears down modules (it hard-sets all their
-        references to None without regard for reference counts).  This method
-        must therefore make a *copy* of the given namespace, to allow the
-        original module's __dict__ to be cleared and reused.
+        # Now call the macro, evaluating in the user's namespace
+        cmd = self.transform_alias(alias, rest)
+        try:
+            self.system(cmd)
+        except:
+            self.showtraceback()
 
+    def define_alias(self, name, cmd):
+        """ Define a new alias."""
         
-        Parameters
-        ----------
-          ns : a namespace (a dict, typically)
+        if callable(cmd):
+            self.alias_table[name] = cmd
+            from IPython.core import shadowns
+            setattr(shadowns, name, cmd)
+            return
 
-          fname : str
-            Filename associated with the namespace.
+        if isinstance(cmd, basestring):
+            nargs = cmd.count('%s')
+            if nargs>0 and cmd.find('%l')>=0:
+                raise Exception('The %s and %l specifiers are mutually '
+                                'exclusive in alias definitions.')
 
-        Examples
-        --------
+            self.alias_table[name] = (nargs,cmd)
+            return
 
-        In [10]: import IPython
+        self.alias_table[name] = cmd
 
-        In [11]: _ip.cache_main_mod(IPython.__dict__,IPython.__file__)
+    def ipalias(self,arg_s):
+        """Call an alias by name.
 
-        In [12]: IPython.__file__ in _ip._main_ns_cache
-        Out[12]: True
-        """
-        self._main_ns_cache[os.path.abspath(fname)] = ns.copy()
+        Input: a string containing the name of the alias to call and any
+        additional arguments to be passed to the magic.
 
-    def clear_main_mod_cache(self):
-        """Clear the cache of main modules.
+        ipalias('name -opt foo bar') is equivalent to typing at the ipython
+        prompt:
 
-        Mainly for use by utilities like %reset.
+        In[1]: name -opt foo bar
 
-        Examples
-        --------
+        To call an alias without arguments, simply use ipalias('name').
 
-        In [15]: import IPython
+        This provides a proper Python function to call IPython's aliases in any
+        valid Python code you can type at the interpreter, including loops and
+        compound statements.  It is added by IPython to the Python builtin
+        namespace upon initialization."""
 
-        In [16]: _ip.cache_main_mod(IPython.__dict__,IPython.__file__)
+        args = arg_s.split(' ',1)
+        alias_name = args[0]
+        try:
+            alias_args = args[1]
+        except IndexError:
+            alias_args = ''
+        if alias_name in self.alias_table:
+            self.call_alias(alias_name,alias_args)
+        else:
+            error("Alias `%s` not found." % alias_name)
 
-        In [17]: len(_ip._main_ns_cache) > 0
-        Out[17]: True
+    def expand_alias(self, line):
+        """ Expand an alias in the command line 
 
-        In [18]: _ip.clear_main_mod_cache()
+        Returns the provided command line, possibly with the first word 
+        (command) translated according to alias expansion rules.
 
-        In [19]: len(_ip._main_ns_cache) == 0
-        Out[19]: True
+        [ipython]|16> _ip.expand_aliases("np myfile.txt")
+                 <16> 'q:/opt/np/notepad++.exe myfile.txt'
         """
-        self._main_ns_cache.clear()
-
-    def _should_recompile(self,e):
-        """Utility routine for edit_syntax_error"""
-
-        if e.filename in ('<ipython console>','<input>','<string>',
-                          '<console>','<BackgroundJob compilation>',
-                          None):
-                              
-            return False
-        try:
-            if (self.autoedit_syntax and 
-                not self.ask_yes_no('Return to editor to correct syntax error? '
-                              '[Y/n] ','y')):
-                return False
-        except EOFError:
-            return False
 
-        def int0(x):
-            try:
-                return int(x)
-            except TypeError:
-                return 0
-        # always pass integer line and offset values to editor hook
-        try:
-            self.hooks.fix_error_editor(e.filename,
-                int0(e.lineno),int0(e.offset),e.msg)
-        except TryNext:
-            warn('Could not open editor')
-            return False
-        return True
+        pre,fn,rest = self.split_user_input(line)
+        res = pre + self.expand_aliases(fn, rest)
+        return res
         
-    def edit_syntax_error(self):
-        """The bottom half of the syntax error handler called in the main loop.
+    def expand_aliases(self, fn, rest):
+        """Expand multiple levels of aliases:
 
-        Loop until syntax error is fixed or user cancels.
-        """
+        if:
 
-        while self.SyntaxTB.last_syntax_error:
-            # copy and clear last_syntax_error
-            err = self.SyntaxTB.clear_err_state()
-            if not self._should_recompile(err):
-                return
-            try:
-                # may set last_syntax_error again if a SyntaxError is raised
-                self.safe_execfile(err.filename,self.user_ns)
-            except:
-                self.showtraceback()
-            else:
-                try:
-                    f = file(err.filename)
-                    try:
-                        # This should be inside a display_trap block and I 
-                        # think it is.
-                        sys.displayhook(f.read())
-                    finally:
-                        f.close()
-                except:
-                    self.showtraceback()
+        alias foo bar /tmp
+        alias baz foo
 
-    def showsyntaxerror(self, filename=None):
-        """Display the syntax error that just occurred.
+        then:
 
-        This doesn't display a stack trace because there isn't one.
+        baz huhhahhei -> bar /tmp huhhahhei
 
-        If a filename is given, it is stuffed in the exception instead
-        of what was there before (because Python's parser always uses
-        "<string>" when reading from a string).
         """
-        etype, value, last_traceback = sys.exc_info()
+        line = fn + " " + rest
 
-        # See note about these variables in showtraceback() below
-        sys.last_type = etype
-        sys.last_value = value
-        sys.last_traceback = last_traceback
+        done = set()
+        while 1:
+            pre,fn,rest = prefilter.splitUserInput(line,
+                                                   prefilter.shell_line_split)
+            if fn in self.alias_table:
+                if fn in done:
+                    warn("Cyclic alias definition, repeated '%s'" % fn)
+                    return ""
+                done.add(fn)
         
-        if filename and etype is SyntaxError:
-            # Work hard to stuff the correct filename in the exception
-            try:
-                msg, (dummy_filename, lineno, offset, line) = value
-            except:
-                # Not the format we expect; leave it alone
-                pass
-            else:
-                # Stuff in the right filename
-                try:
-                    # Assume SyntaxError is a class exception
-                    value = SyntaxError(msg, (filename, lineno, offset, line))
-                except:
-                    # If that failed, assume SyntaxError is a string
-                    value = msg, (filename, lineno, offset, line)
-        self.SyntaxTB(etype,value,[])
+                l2 = self.transform_alias(fn,rest)
+                # dir -> dir 
+                # print "alias",line, "->",l2  #dbg
+                if l2 == line:
+                    break
+                # ls -> ls -F should not recurse forever
+                if l2.split(None,1)[0] == line.split(None,1)[0]:
+                    line = l2
+                    break
 
-    def debugger(self,force=False):
-        """Call the pydb/pdb debugger.
+                line=l2
 
-        Keywords:
 
-          - force(False): by default, this routine checks the instance call_pdb
-          flag and does not actually invoke the debugger if the flag is false.
-          The 'force' option forces the debugger to activate even if the flag
-          is false.
-        """
+                # print "al expand to",line #dbg
+            else:
+                break
 
-        if not (force or self.call_pdb):
-            return
+        return line
 
-        if not hasattr(sys,'last_traceback'):
-            error('No traceback has been produced, nothing to debug.')
-            return
+    def transform_alias(self, alias,rest=''):
+        """ Transform alias to system command string.
+        """
+        trg = self.alias_table[alias]
 
-        # use pydb if available
-        if debugger.has_pydb:
-            from pydb import pm
+        nargs,cmd = trg
+        # print trg #dbg
+        if ' ' in cmd and os.path.isfile(cmd):
+            cmd = '"%s"' % cmd
+
+        # Expand the %l special to be the user's input line
+        if cmd.find('%l') >= 0:
+            cmd = cmd.replace('%l',rest)
+            rest = ''
+        if nargs==0:
+            # Simple, argument-less aliases
+            cmd = '%s %s' % (cmd,rest)
         else:
-            # fallback to our internal debugger
-            pm = lambda : self.InteractiveTB.debugger(force=True)
-        self.history_saving_wrapper(pm)()
+            # Handle aliases with positional arguments
+            args = rest.split(None,nargs)
+            if len(args)< nargs:
+                error('Alias <%s> requires %s arguments, %s given.' %
+                      (alias,nargs,len(args)))
+                return None
+            cmd = '%s %s' % (cmd % tuple(args[:nargs]),' '.join(args[nargs:]))
+        # Now call the macro, evaluating in the user's namespace
+        #print 'new command: <%r>' % cmd  # dbg
+        return cmd
 
-    def showtraceback(self,exc_tuple = None,filename=None,tb_offset=None):
-        """Display the exception that just occurred.
+    def init_auto_alias(self):
+        """Define some aliases automatically.
 
-        If nothing is known about the exception, this is the method which
-        should be used throughout the code for presenting user tracebacks,
-        rather than directly invoking the InteractiveTB object.
+        These are ALL parameter-less aliases"""
 
-        A specific showsyntaxerror() also exists, but this method can take
-        care of calling it if needed, so unless you are explicitly catching a
-        SyntaxError exception, don't try to analyze the stack manually and
-        simply call this method."""
+        for alias,cmd in self.auto_alias:
+            self.define_alias(alias,cmd)
 
+    def alias_table_validate(self,verbose=0):
+        """Update information about the alias table.
         
-        # Though this won't be called by syntax errors in the input line,
-        # there may be SyntaxError cases whith imported code.
+        In particular, make sure no Python keywords/builtins are in it."""
         
-        try:
-            if exc_tuple is None:
-                etype, value, tb = sys.exc_info()
-            else:
-                etype, value, tb = exc_tuple
+        no_alias = self.no_alias
+        for k in self.alias_table.keys():
+            if k in no_alias:
+                del self.alias_table[k]
+                if verbose:
+                    print ("Deleting alias <%s>, it's a Python "
+                           "keyword or builtin." % k)
     
-            if etype is SyntaxError:
-                self.showsyntaxerror(filename)
-            elif etype is UsageError:
-                print "UsageError:", value
-            else:
-                # WARNING: these variables are somewhat deprecated and not
-                # necessarily safe to use in a threaded environment, but tools
-                # like pdb depend on their existence, so let's set them.  If we
-                # find problems in the field, we'll need to revisit their use.
-                sys.last_type = etype
-                sys.last_value = value
-                sys.last_traceback = tb
+    #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # Things related to the running of code
+    #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
     
-                if etype in self.custom_exceptions:
-                    self.CustomTB(etype,value,tb)
-                else:
-                    self.InteractiveTB(etype,value,tb,tb_offset=tb_offset)
-                    if self.InteractiveTB.call_pdb and self.has_readline:
-                        # pdb mucks up readline, fix it back
-                        self.set_completer()
-        except KeyboardInterrupt:
-            self.write("\nKeyboardInterrupt\n")
+    def ex(self, cmd):
+        """Execute a normal python statement in user namespace."""
+        with nested(self.builtin_trap, self.display_trap):
+            exec cmd in self.user_global_ns, self.user_ns
+
+    def ev(self, expr):
+        """Evaluate python expression expr in user namespace.
+
+        Returns the result of evaluation
+        """
+        with nested(self.builtin_trap, self.display_trap):
+            return eval(expr, self.user_global_ns, self.user_ns)
 
     def mainloop(self, banner=None):
         """Start the mainloop.
 
         If an optional banner argument is given, it will override the
         internally created default banner.
         """
         
         with nested(self.builtin_trap, self.display_trap):
             if self.c:  # Emulate Python's -c option
                 self.exec_init_cmd()
 
             if self.display_banner:
                 if banner is None:
                     banner = self.banner
 
             # if you run stuff with -c <cmd>, raw hist is not updated
             # ensure that it's in sync
             if len(self.input_hist) != len (self.input_hist_raw):
                 self.input_hist_raw = InputList(self.input_hist)
 
             while 1:
                 try:
                     self.interact()
                     #self.interact_with_readline()                
                     # XXX for testing of a readline-decoupled repl loop, call
                     # interact_with_readline above
                     break
                 except KeyboardInterrupt:
                     # this should not be necessary, but KeyboardInterrupt
                     # handling seems rather unpredictable...
                     self.write("\nKeyboardInterrupt in interact()\n")
 
     def exec_init_cmd(self):
         """Execute a command given at the command line.
 
         This emulates Python's -c option."""
 
         #sys.argv = ['-c']
         self.push_line(self.prefilter(self.c, False))
         if not self.interactive:
             self.ask_exit()
 
     def interact_prompt(self):
         """ Print the prompt (in read-eval-print loop) 
 
         Provided for those who want to implement their own read-eval-print loop (e.g. GUIs), not 
         used in standard IPython flow.
         """
         if self.more:
             try:
                 prompt = self.hooks.generate_prompt(True)
             except:
                 self.showtraceback()
             if self.autoindent:
                 self.rl_do_indent = True
 
         else:
             try:
                 prompt = self.hooks.generate_prompt(False)
             except:
                 self.showtraceback()
         self.write(prompt)
 
     def interact_handle_input(self,line):
         """ Handle the input line (in read-eval-print loop)
         
         Provided for those who want to implement their own read-eval-print loop (e.g. GUIs), not 
         used in standard IPython flow.        
         """
         if line.lstrip() == line:
             self.shadowhist.add(line.strip())
         lineout = self.prefilter(line,self.more)
 
         if line.strip():
             if self.more:
                 self.input_hist_raw[-1] += '%s\n' % line
             else:
                 self.input_hist_raw.append('%s\n' % line)                
 
         
         self.more = self.push_line(lineout)
         if (self.SyntaxTB.last_syntax_error and
             self.autoedit_syntax):
             self.edit_syntax_error()
 
     def interact_with_readline(self):
         """ Demo of using interact_handle_input, interact_prompt
         
         This is the main read-eval-print loop. If you need to implement your own (e.g. for GUI),
         it should work like this.
         """ 
         self.readline_startup_hook(self.pre_readline)
         while not self.exit_now:
             self.interact_prompt()
             if self.more:
                 self.rl_do_indent = True
             else:
                 self.rl_do_indent = False
             line = raw_input_original().decode(self.stdin_encoding)
             self.interact_handle_input(line)
 
     def interact(self, banner=None):
         """Closely emulate the interactive Python console."""
 
         # batch run -> do not interact        
         if self.exit_now:
             return
 
         if self.display_banner:
             if banner is None:
                 banner = self.banner
             self.write(banner)
 
         more = 0
         
         # Mark activity in the builtins
         __builtin__.__dict__['__IPYTHON__active'] += 1
         
         if self.has_readline:
             self.readline_startup_hook(self.pre_readline)
         # exit_now is set by a call to %Exit or %Quit, through the
         # ask_exit callback.
         
         while not self.exit_now:
             self.hooks.pre_prompt_hook()
             if more:
                 try:
                     prompt = self.hooks.generate_prompt(True)
                 except:
                     self.showtraceback()
                 if self.autoindent:
                     self.rl_do_indent = True
                     
             else:
                 try:
                     prompt = self.hooks.generate_prompt(False)
                 except:
                     self.showtraceback()
             try:
                 line = self.raw_input(prompt, more)
                 if self.exit_now:
                     # quick exit on sys.std[in|out] close
                     break
                 if self.autoindent:
                     self.rl_do_indent = False
                     
             except KeyboardInterrupt:
                 #double-guard against keyboardinterrupts during kbdint handling
                 try:
                     self.write('\nKeyboardInterrupt\n')
                     self.resetbuffer()
                     # keep cache in sync with the prompt counter:
                     self.outputcache.prompt_count -= 1
     
                     if self.autoindent:
                         self.indent_current_nsp = 0
                     more = 0
                 except KeyboardInterrupt:
                     pass
             except EOFError:
                 if self.autoindent:
                     self.rl_do_indent = False
                     self.readline_startup_hook(None)
                 self.write('\n')
                 self.exit()
             except bdb.BdbQuit:
                 warn('The Python debugger has exited with a BdbQuit exception.\n'
                      'Because of how pdb handles the stack, it is impossible\n'
                      'for IPython to properly format this particular exception.\n'
                      'IPython will resume normal operation.')
             except:
                 # exceptions here are VERY RARE, but they can be triggered
                 # asynchronously by signal handlers, for example.
                 self.showtraceback()
             else:
                 more = self.push_line(line)
                 if (self.SyntaxTB.last_syntax_error and
                     self.autoedit_syntax):
                     self.edit_syntax_error()
             
         # We are off again...
         __builtin__.__dict__['__IPYTHON__active'] -= 1
 
-    def excepthook(self, etype, value, tb):
-      """One more defense for GUI apps that call sys.excepthook.
-
-      GUI frameworks like wxPython trap exceptions and call
-      sys.excepthook themselves.  I guess this is a feature that
-      enables them to keep running after exceptions that would
-      otherwise kill their mainloop. This is a bother for IPython
-      which excepts to catch all of the program exceptions with a try:
-      except: statement.
-
-      Normally, IPython sets sys.excepthook to a CrashHandler instance, so if
-      any app directly invokes sys.excepthook, it will look to the user like
-      IPython crashed.  In order to work around this, we can disable the
-      CrashHandler and replace it with this excepthook instead, which prints a
-      regular traceback using our InteractiveTB.  In this fashion, apps which
-      call sys.excepthook will generate a regular-looking exception from
-      IPython, and the CrashHandler will only be triggered by real IPython
-      crashes.
-
-      This hook should be used sparingly, only in places which are not likely
-      to be true IPython errors.
-      """
-      self.showtraceback((etype,value,tb),tb_offset=0)
-
-    def expand_alias(self, line):
-        """ Expand an alias in the command line 
-        
-        Returns the provided command line, possibly with the first word 
-        (command) translated according to alias expansion rules.
-        
-        [ipython]|16> _ip.expand_aliases("np myfile.txt")
-                 <16> 'q:/opt/np/notepad++.exe myfile.txt'
-        """
-        
-        pre,fn,rest = self.split_user_input(line)
-        res = pre + self.expand_aliases(fn, rest)
-        return res
+    def safe_execfile(self,fname,*where,**kw):
+        """A safe version of the builtin execfile().
 
-    def expand_aliases(self, fn, rest):
-        """Expand multiple levels of aliases:
+        This version will never throw an exception, and knows how to handle
+        ipython logs as well.
         
-        if:
+        :Parameters:
+          fname : string
+            Name of the file to be executed.
         
-        alias foo bar /tmp
-        alias baz foo
+          where : tuple
+            One or two namespaces, passed to execfile() as (globals,locals).
+            If only one is given, it is passed as both.
         
-        then:
+        :Keywords:
+          islog : boolean (False)
         
-        baz huhhahhei -> bar /tmp huhhahhei
+          quiet : boolean (True)
         
+          exit_ignore : boolean (False)
         """
-        line = fn + " " + rest
-        
-        done = set()
-        while 1:
-            pre,fn,rest = prefilter.splitUserInput(line,
-                                                   prefilter.shell_line_split)
-            if fn in self.alias_table:
-                if fn in done:
-                    warn("Cyclic alias definition, repeated '%s'" % fn)
-                    return ""
-                done.add(fn)
-
-                l2 = self.transform_alias(fn,rest)
-                # dir -> dir 
-                # print "alias",line, "->",l2  #dbg
-                if l2 == line:
-                    break
-                # ls -> ls -F should not recurse forever
-                if l2.split(None,1)[0] == line.split(None,1)[0]:
-                    line = l2
-                    break
                 
-                line=l2
-                
-                
-                # print "al expand to",line #dbg
-            else:
-                break
-                
-        return line
+        def syspath_cleanup():
+            """Internal cleanup routine for sys.path."""
+            if add_dname:
+                try:
+                    sys.path.remove(dname)
+                except ValueError:
+                    # For some reason the user has already removed it, ignore.
+                    pass
 
-    def transform_alias(self, alias,rest=''):
-        """ Transform alias to system command string.
-        """
-        trg = self.alias_table[alias]
+        fname = os.path.expanduser(fname)
 
-        nargs,cmd = trg
-        # print trg #dbg
-        if ' ' in cmd and os.path.isfile(cmd):
-            cmd = '"%s"' % cmd
+        # Find things also in current directory.  This is needed to mimic the
+        # behavior of running a script from the system command line, where
+        # Python inserts the script's directory into sys.path
+        dname = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(fname))
+        add_dname = False
+        if dname not in sys.path:
+            sys.path.insert(0,dname)
+            add_dname = True
 
-        # Expand the %l special to be the user's input line
-        if cmd.find('%l') >= 0:
-            cmd = cmd.replace('%l',rest)
-            rest = ''
-        if nargs==0:
-            # Simple, argument-less aliases
-            cmd = '%s %s' % (cmd,rest)
-        else:
-            # Handle aliases with positional arguments
-            args = rest.split(None,nargs)
-            if len(args)< nargs:
-                error('Alias <%s> requires %s arguments, %s given.' %
-                      (alias,nargs,len(args)))
+        try:
+            xfile = open(fname)
+        except:
+            print >> Term.cerr, \
+                  'Could not open file <%s> for safe execution.' % fname
+            syspath_cleanup()
                 return None
-            cmd = '%s %s' % (cmd % tuple(args[:nargs]),' '.join(args[nargs:]))
-        # Now call the macro, evaluating in the user's namespace
-        #print 'new command: <%r>' % cmd  # dbg
-        return cmd
         
-    def call_alias(self,alias,rest=''):
-        """Call an alias given its name and the rest of the line.
-
-        This is only used to provide backwards compatibility for users of
-        ipalias(), use of which is not recommended for anymore."""
+        kw.setdefault('islog',0)
+        kw.setdefault('quiet',1)
+        kw.setdefault('exit_ignore',0)
 
-        # Now call the macro, evaluating in the user's namespace
-        cmd = self.transform_alias(alias, rest)
+        first = xfile.readline()
+        loghead = str(self.loghead_tpl).split('\n',1)[0].strip()
+        xfile.close()
+        # line by line execution
+        if first.startswith(loghead) or kw['islog']:
+            print 'Loading log file <%s> one line at a time...' % fname
+            if kw['quiet']:
+                stdout_save = sys.stdout
+                sys.stdout = StringIO.StringIO()
         try:
-            self.system(cmd)
+                globs,locs = where[0:2]
         except:
-            self.showtraceback()
-
-    def indent_current_str(self):
-        """return the current level of indentation as a string"""
-        return self.indent_current_nsp * ' '
-
-    def autoindent_update(self,line):
-        """Keep track of the indent level."""
-
-        #debugx('line')
-        #debugx('self.indent_current_nsp')
-        if self.autoindent:
-            if line:
-                inisp = num_ini_spaces(line)
-                if inisp < self.indent_current_nsp:
-                    self.indent_current_nsp = inisp
+                try:
+                    globs = locs = where[0]
+                except:
+                    globs = locs = globals()
+            badblocks = []
 
-                if line[-1] == ':':
-                    self.indent_current_nsp += 4
-                elif dedent_re.match(line):
-                    self.indent_current_nsp -= 4
+            # we also need to identify indented blocks of code when replaying
+            # logs and put them together before passing them to an exec
+            # statement. This takes a bit of regexp and look-ahead work in the
+            # file. It's easiest if we swallow the whole thing in memory
+            # first, and manually walk through the lines list moving the
+            # counter ourselves.
+            indent_re = re.compile('\s+\S')
+            xfile = open(fname)
+            filelines = xfile.readlines()
+            xfile.close()
+            nlines = len(filelines)
+            lnum = 0
+            while lnum < nlines:
+                line = filelines[lnum]
+                lnum += 1
+                # don't re-insert logger status info into cache
+                if line.startswith('#log#'):
+                    continue
             else:
-                self.indent_current_nsp = 0
-
-    def push(self, variables, interactive=True):
-        """Inject a group of variables into the IPython user namespace.
-
-        Parameters
-        ----------
-        variables : dict, str or list/tuple of str
-            The variables to inject into the user's namespace.  If a dict,
-            a simple update is done.  If a str, the string is assumed to 
-            have variable names separated by spaces.  A list/tuple of str
-            can also be used to give the variable names.  If just the variable
-            names are give (list/tuple/str) then the variable values looked
-            up in the callers frame.
-        interactive : bool
-            If True (default), the variables will be listed with the ``who``
-            magic.
-        """
-        vdict = None
+                    # build a block of code (maybe a single line) for execution
+                    block = line
+                    try:
+                        next = filelines[lnum] # lnum has already incremented
+                    except:
+                        next = None
+                    while next and indent_re.match(next):
+                        block += next
+                        lnum += 1
+                        try:
+                            next = filelines[lnum]
+                        except:
+                            next = None
+                    # now execute the block of one or more lines
+                    try:
+                        exec block in globs,locs
+                    except SystemExit:
+                        pass
+                    except:
+                        badblocks.append(block.rstrip())
+            if kw['quiet']:  # restore stdout
+                sys.stdout.close()
+                sys.stdout = stdout_save
+            print 'Finished replaying log file <%s>' % fname
+            if badblocks:
+                print >> sys.stderr, ('\nThe following lines/blocks in file '
+                                      '<%s> reported errors:' % fname)
 
-        # We need a dict of name/value pairs to do namespace updates.
-        if isinstance(variables, dict):
-            vdict = variables
-        elif isinstance(variables, (basestring, list, tuple)):
-            if isinstance(variables, basestring):
-                vlist = variables.split()
-            else:
-                vlist = variables
-            vdict = {}
-            cf = sys._getframe(1)
-            for name in vlist:
+                for badline in badblocks:
+                    print >> sys.stderr, badline
+        else:  # regular file execution
                 try:
-                    vdict[name] = eval(name, cf.f_globals, cf.f_locals)
+                if sys.platform == 'win32' and sys.version_info < (2,5,1):
+                    # Work around a bug in Python for Windows.  The bug was
+                    # fixed in in Python 2.5 r54159 and 54158, but that's still
+                    # SVN Python as of March/07.  For details, see:
+                    # http://projects.scipy.org/ipython/ipython/ticket/123
+                    try:
+                        globs,locs = where[0:2]
                 except:
-                    print ('Could not get variable %s from %s' %
-                           (name,cf.f_code.co_name))
+                        try:
+                            globs = locs = where[0]
+                        except:
+                            globs = locs = globals()
+                    exec file(fname) in globs,locs
         else:
-            raise ValueError('variables must be a dict/str/list/tuple')
-            
-        # Propagate variables to user namespace
-        self.user_ns.update(vdict)
+                    execfile(fname,*where)
+            except SyntaxError:
+                self.showsyntaxerror()
+                warn('Failure executing file: <%s>' % fname)
+            except SystemExit,status:
+                # Code that correctly sets the exit status flag to success (0)
+                # shouldn't be bothered with a traceback.  Note that a plain
+                # sys.exit() does NOT set the message to 0 (it's empty) so that
+                # will still get a traceback.  Note that the structure of the
+                # SystemExit exception changed between Python 2.4 and 2.5, so
+                # the checks must be done in a version-dependent way.
+                show = False
 
-        # And configure interactive visibility
-        config_ns = self.user_config_ns
-        if interactive:
-            for name, val in vdict.iteritems():
-                config_ns.pop(name, None)
+                if sys.version_info[:2] > (2,5):
+                    if status.message!=0 and not kw['exit_ignore']:
+                        show = True
         else:
-            for name,val in vdict.iteritems():
-                config_ns[name] = val
+                    if status.code and not kw['exit_ignore']:
+                        show = True
+                if show:
+                    self.showtraceback()
+                    warn('Failure executing file: <%s>' % fname)
+            except:
+                self.showtraceback()
+                warn('Failure executing file: <%s>' % fname)
+
+        syspath_cleanup()
 
     def cleanup_ipy_script(self, script):
         """Make a script safe for self.runlines()
 
         Notes
         -----
         This was copied over from the old ipapi and probably can be done
         away with once we move to block based interpreter.
         
         - Removes empty lines Suffixes all indented blocks that end with
         - unindented lines with empty lines
         """
         
         res = []
         lines = script.splitlines()
 
         level = 0
         for l in lines:
             lstripped = l.lstrip()
             stripped = l.strip()                
             if not stripped:
                 continue
             newlevel = len(l) - len(lstripped)
             def is_secondary_block_start(s):
                 if not s.endswith(':'):
                     return False
                 if (s.startswith('elif') or 
                     s.startswith('else') or 
                     s.startswith('except') or
                     s.startswith('finally')):
                     return True
                     
             if level > 0 and newlevel == 0 and \
                    not is_secondary_block_start(stripped): 
                 # add empty line
                 res.append('')
                 
             res.append(l)
             level = newlevel
         return '\n'.join(res) + '\n'
 
     def runlines(self, lines, clean=False):
         """Run a string of one or more lines of source.
 
         This method is capable of running a string containing multiple source
         lines, as if they had been entered at the IPython prompt.  Since it
         exposes IPython's processing machinery, the given strings can contain
         magic calls (%magic), special shell access (!cmd), etc.
         """
 
         if isinstance(lines, (list, tuple)):
             lines = '\n'.join(lines)
 
         if clean:
             lines = self.cleanup_ipy_script(lines)
 
         # We must start with a clean buffer, in case this is run from an
         # interactive IPython session (via a magic, for example).
         self.resetbuffer()
         lines = lines.splitlines()
         more = 0
 
         with nested(self.builtin_trap, self.display_trap):
             for line in lines:
                 # skip blank lines so we don't mess up the prompt counter, but do
                 # NOT skip even a blank line if we are in a code block (more is
                 # true)
             
                 if line or more:
                     # push to raw history, so hist line numbers stay in sync
                     self.input_hist_raw.append("# " + line + "\n")
                     more = self.push_line(self.prefilter(line,more))
                     # IPython's runsource returns None if there was an error
                     # compiling the code.  This allows us to stop processing right
                     # away, so the user gets the error message at the right place.
                     if more is None:
                         break
                 else:
                     self.input_hist_raw.append("\n")
             # final newline in case the input didn't have it, so that the code
             # actually does get executed
             if more:
                 self.push_line('\n')
 
     def runsource(self, source, filename='<input>', symbol='single'):
         """Compile and run some source in the interpreter.
 
         Arguments are as for compile_command().
 
         One several things can happen:
 
         1) The input is incorrect; compile_command() raised an
         exception (SyntaxError or OverflowError).  A syntax traceback
         will be printed by calling the showsyntaxerror() method.
 
         2) The input is incomplete, and more input is required;
         compile_command() returned None.  Nothing happens.
 
         3) The input is complete; compile_command() returned a code
         object.  The code is executed by calling self.runcode() (which
         also handles run-time exceptions, except for SystemExit).
 
         The return value is:
 
           - True in case 2
 
           - False in the other cases, unless an exception is raised, where
           None is returned instead.  This can be used by external callers to
           know whether to continue feeding input or not.
 
         The return value can be used to decide whether to use sys.ps1 or
         sys.ps2 to prompt the next line."""
 
         # if the source code has leading blanks, add 'if 1:\n' to it
         # this allows execution of indented pasted code. It is tempting
         # to add '\n' at the end of source to run commands like ' a=1'
         # directly, but this fails for more complicated scenarios
         source=source.encode(self.stdin_encoding)
         if source[:1] in [' ', '\t']:
             source = 'if 1:\n%s' % source
 
         try:
             code = self.compile(source,filename,symbol)
         except (OverflowError, SyntaxError, ValueError, TypeError, MemoryError):
             # Case 1
             self.showsyntaxerror(filename)
             return None
 
         if code is None:
             # Case 2
             return True
 
         # Case 3
         # We store the code object so that threaded shells and
         # custom exception handlers can access all this info if needed.
         # The source corresponding to this can be obtained from the
         # buffer attribute as '\n'.join(self.buffer).
         self.code_to_run = code
         # now actually execute the code object
         if self.runcode(code) == 0:
             return False
         else:
             return None
 
     def runcode(self,code_obj):
         """Execute a code object.
 
         When an exception occurs, self.showtraceback() is called to display a
         traceback.
 
         Return value: a flag indicating whether the code to be run completed
         successfully:
 
           - 0: successful execution.
           - 1: an error occurred.
         """
 
         # Set our own excepthook in case the user code tries to call it
         # directly, so that the IPython crash handler doesn't get triggered
         old_excepthook,sys.excepthook = sys.excepthook, self.excepthook
 
         # we save the original sys.excepthook in the instance, in case config
         # code (such as magics) needs access to it.
         self.sys_excepthook = old_excepthook
         outflag = 1  # happens in more places, so it's easier as default
         try:
             try:
                 self.hooks.pre_runcode_hook()
                 exec code_obj in self.user_global_ns, self.user_ns
             finally:
                 # Reset our crash handler in place
                 sys.excepthook = old_excepthook
         except SystemExit:
             self.resetbuffer()
             self.showtraceback()
             warn("Type %exit or %quit to exit IPython "
                  "(%Exit or %Quit do so unconditionally).",level=1)
         except self.custom_exceptions:
             etype,value,tb = sys.exc_info()
             self.CustomTB(etype,value,tb)
         except:
             self.showtraceback()
         else:
             outflag = 0
             if softspace(sys.stdout, 0):
                 print
         # Flush out code object which has been run (and source)
         self.code_to_run = None
         return outflag
         
     def push_line(self, line):
         """Push a line to the interpreter.
 
         The line should not have a trailing newline; it may have
         internal newlines.  The line is appended to a buffer and the
         interpreter's runsource() method is called with the
         concatenated contents of the buffer as source.  If this
         indicates that the command was executed or invalid, the buffer
         is reset; otherwise, the command is incomplete, and the buffer
         is left as it was after the line was appended.  The return
         value is 1 if more input is required, 0 if the line was dealt
         with in some way (this is the same as runsource()).
         """
 
         # autoindent management should be done here, and not in the
         # interactive loop, since that one is only seen by keyboard input.  We
         # need this done correctly even for code run via runlines (which uses
         # push).
 
         #print 'push line: <%s>' % line  # dbg
         for subline in line.splitlines():
-            self.autoindent_update(subline)
+            self._autoindent_update(subline)
         self.buffer.append(line)
         more = self.runsource('\n'.join(self.buffer), self.filename)
         if not more:
             self.resetbuffer()
         return more
 
+    def _autoindent_update(self,line):
+        """Keep track of the indent level."""
+
+        #debugx('line')
+        #debugx('self.indent_current_nsp')
+        if self.autoindent:
+            if line:
+                inisp = num_ini_spaces(line)
+                if inisp < self.indent_current_nsp:
+                    self.indent_current_nsp = inisp
+
+                if line[-1] == ':':
+                    self.indent_current_nsp += 4
+                elif dedent_re.match(line):
+                    self.indent_current_nsp -= 4
+            else:
+                self.indent_current_nsp = 0
+
     def split_user_input(self, line):
         # This is really a hold-over to support ipapi and some extensions
         return prefilter.splitUserInput(line)
 
     def resetbuffer(self):
         """Reset the input buffer."""
         self.buffer[:] = []
         
     def raw_input(self,prompt='',continue_prompt=False):
         """Write a prompt and read a line.
 
         The returned line does not include the trailing newline.
         When the user enters the EOF key sequence, EOFError is raised.
 
         Optional inputs:
 
           - prompt(''): a string to be printed to prompt the user.
 
           - continue_prompt(False): whether this line is the first one or a
           continuation in a sequence of inputs.
         """
 
         # Code run by the user may have modified the readline completer state.
         # We must ensure that our completer is back in place.
         if self.has_readline:
             self.set_completer()
         
         try:
             line = raw_input_original(prompt).decode(self.stdin_encoding)
         except ValueError:
             warn("\n********\nYou or a %run:ed script called sys.stdin.close()"
                  " or sys.stdout.close()!\nExiting IPython!")
             self.ask_exit()
             return ""
 
-        # Try to be reasonably smart about not re-indenting pasted input more
-        # than necessary.  We do this by trimming out the auto-indent initial
-        # spaces, if the user's actual input started itself with whitespace.
-        #debugx('self.buffer[-1]')
+        # Try to be reasonably smart about not re-indenting pasted input more
+        # than necessary.  We do this by trimming out the auto-indent initial
+        # spaces, if the user's actual input started itself with whitespace.
+        #debugx('self.buffer[-1]')
+
+        if self.autoindent:
+            if num_ini_spaces(line) > self.indent_current_nsp:
+                line = line[self.indent_current_nsp:]
+                self.indent_current_nsp = 0
+            
+        # store the unfiltered input before the user has any chance to modify
+        # it.
+        if line.strip():
+            if continue_prompt:
+                self.input_hist_raw[-1] += '%s\n' % line
+                if self.has_readline: # and some config option is set?
+                    try:
+                        histlen = self.readline.get_current_history_length()
+                        if histlen > 1:
+                            newhist = self.input_hist_raw[-1].rstrip()
+                            self.readline.remove_history_item(histlen-1)
+                            self.readline.replace_history_item(histlen-2,
+                                            newhist.encode(self.stdin_encoding))
+                    except AttributeError:
+                        pass # re{move,place}_history_item are new in 2.4.                
+            else:
+                self.input_hist_raw.append('%s\n' % line)                
+            # only entries starting at first column go to shadow history
+            if line.lstrip() == line:
+                self.shadowhist.add(line.strip())
+        elif not continue_prompt:
+            self.input_hist_raw.append('\n')
+        try:
+            lineout = self.prefilter(line,continue_prompt)
+        except:
+            # blanket except, in case a user-defined prefilter crashes, so it
+            # can't take all of ipython with it.
+            self.showtraceback()
+            return ''
+        else:
+            return lineout
+
+    # def init_exec_commands(self):
+    #     for cmd in self.config.EXECUTE:
+    #         print "execute:", cmd
+    #         self.api.runlines(cmd)
+    #         
+    #     batchrun = False
+    #     if self.config.has_key('EXECFILE'):
+    #         for batchfile in [path(arg) for arg in self.config.EXECFILE
+    #             if arg.lower().endswith('.ipy')]:
+    #             if not batchfile.isfile():
+    #                 print "No such batch file:", batchfile
+    #                 continue
+    #             self.api.runlines(batchfile.text())
+    #             batchrun = True
+    #     # without -i option, exit after running the batch file
+    #     if batchrun and not self.interactive:
+    #         self.ask_exit()            
+
+    # def load(self, mod):
+    #     """ Load an extension.
+    #     
+    #     Some modules should (or must) be 'load()':ed, rather than just imported.
+    #     
+    #     Loading will do:
+    #     
+    #     - run init_ipython(ip)
+    #     - run ipython_firstrun(ip)
+    #     """
+    # 
+    #     if mod in self.extensions:
+    #         # just to make sure we don't init it twice
+    #         # note that if you 'load' a module that has already been
+    #         # imported, init_ipython gets run anyway
+    #         
+    #         return self.extensions[mod]
+    #     __import__(mod)
+    #     m = sys.modules[mod]
+    #     if hasattr(m,'init_ipython'):
+    #         m.init_ipython(self)
+    #         
+    #     if hasattr(m,'ipython_firstrun'):
+    #         already_loaded = self.db.get('firstrun_done', set())
+    #         if mod not in already_loaded:
+    #             m.ipython_firstrun(self)
+    #             already_loaded.add(mod)
+    #             self.db['firstrun_done'] = already_loaded
+    #         
+    #     self.extensions[mod] = m
+    #     return m
+
+    #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # Things related to the prefilter
+    #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-        if self.autoindent:
-            if num_ini_spaces(line) > self.indent_current_nsp:
-                line = line[self.indent_current_nsp:]
-                self.indent_current_nsp = 0
+    def init_handlers(self):
+        # escapes for automatic behavior on the command line
+        self.ESC_SHELL  = '!'
+        self.ESC_SH_CAP = '!!'
+        self.ESC_HELP   = '?'
+        self.ESC_MAGIC  = '%'
+        self.ESC_QUOTE  = ','
+        self.ESC_QUOTE2 = ';'
+        self.ESC_PAREN  = '/'
             
-        # store the unfiltered input before the user has any chance to modify
-        # it.
-        if line.strip():
-            if continue_prompt:
-                self.input_hist_raw[-1] += '%s\n' % line
-                if self.has_readline: # and some config option is set?
-                    try:
-                        histlen = self.readline.get_current_history_length()
-                        if histlen > 1:
-                            newhist = self.input_hist_raw[-1].rstrip()
-                            self.readline.remove_history_item(histlen-1)
-                            self.readline.replace_history_item(histlen-2,
-                                            newhist.encode(self.stdin_encoding))
-                    except AttributeError:
-                        pass # re{move,place}_history_item are new in 2.4.                
-            else:
-                self.input_hist_raw.append('%s\n' % line)                
-            # only entries starting at first column go to shadow history
-            if line.lstrip() == line:
-                self.shadowhist.add(line.strip())
-        elif not continue_prompt:
-            self.input_hist_raw.append('\n')
-        try:
-            lineout = self.prefilter(line,continue_prompt)
-        except:
-            # blanket except, in case a user-defined prefilter crashes, so it
-            # can't take all of ipython with it.
-            self.showtraceback()
-            return ''
-        else:
-            return lineout
+        # And their associated handlers
+        self.esc_handlers = {self.ESC_PAREN  : self.handle_auto,
+                             self.ESC_QUOTE  : self.handle_auto,
+                             self.ESC_QUOTE2 : self.handle_auto,
+                             self.ESC_MAGIC  : self.handle_magic,
+                             self.ESC_HELP   : self.handle_help,
+                             self.ESC_SHELL  : self.handle_shell_escape,
+                             self.ESC_SH_CAP : self.handle_shell_escape,
+                             }
 
     def _prefilter(self, line, continue_prompt):
         """Calls different preprocessors, depending on the form of line."""
 
         # All handlers *must* return a value, even if it's blank ('').
 
         # Lines are NOT logged here. Handlers should process the line as
         # needed, update the cache AND log it (so that the input cache array
         # stays synced).
 
         #.....................................................................
         # Code begins
 
         #if line.startswith('%crash'): raise RuntimeError,'Crash now!'  # dbg
 
         # save the line away in case we crash, so the post-mortem handler can
         # record it
         self._last_input_line = line
 
         #print '***line: <%s>' % line # dbg
 
         if not line:
             # Return immediately on purely empty lines, so that if the user
             # previously typed some whitespace that started a continuation
             # prompt, he can break out of that loop with just an empty line.
             # This is how the default python prompt works.
 
             # Only return if the accumulated input buffer was just whitespace!
             if ''.join(self.buffer).isspace():
                 self.buffer[:] = []
             return ''
         
         line_info = prefilter.LineInfo(line, continue_prompt)
         
         # the input history needs to track even empty lines
         stripped = line.strip()
         
         if not stripped:
             if not continue_prompt:
                 self.outputcache.prompt_count -= 1
             return self.handle_normal(line_info)
 
         # print '***cont',continue_prompt  # dbg
         # special handlers are only allowed for single line statements
         if continue_prompt and not self.multi_line_specials:
             return self.handle_normal(line_info)
 
 
         # See whether any pre-existing handler can take care of it  
         rewritten = self.hooks.input_prefilter(stripped)
         if rewritten != stripped: # ok, some prefilter did something
             rewritten = line_info.pre + rewritten  # add indentation
             return self.handle_normal(prefilter.LineInfo(rewritten,
                                                          continue_prompt))
             
         #print 'pre <%s> iFun <%s> rest <%s>' % (pre,iFun,theRest)  # dbg
         
         return prefilter.prefilter(line_info, self)
 
 
     def _prefilter_dumb(self, line, continue_prompt):
         """simple prefilter function, for debugging"""
         return self.handle_normal(line,continue_prompt)
 
     
     def multiline_prefilter(self, line, continue_prompt):
         """ Run _prefilter for each line of input
         
         Covers cases where there are multiple lines in the user entry,
         which is the case when the user goes back to a multiline history
         entry and presses enter.
         
         """
         out = []
         for l in line.rstrip('\n').split('\n'):
             out.append(self._prefilter(l, continue_prompt))
         return '\n'.join(out)
     
     # Set the default prefilter() function (this can be user-overridden)
     prefilter = multiline_prefilter
 
     def handle_normal(self,line_info):
         """Handle normal input lines. Use as a template for handlers."""
 
         # With autoindent on, we need some way to exit the input loop, and I
         # don't want to force the user to have to backspace all the way to
         # clear the line.  The rule will be in this case, that either two
         # lines of pure whitespace in a row, or a line of pure whitespace but
         # of a size different to the indent level, will exit the input loop.
         line = line_info.line
         continue_prompt = line_info.continue_prompt
         
         if (continue_prompt and self.autoindent and line.isspace() and
             (0 < abs(len(line) - self.indent_current_nsp) <= 2 or
              (self.buffer[-1]).isspace() )):
             line = ''
 
         self.log(line,line,continue_prompt)
         return line
 
     def handle_alias(self,line_info):
         """Handle alias input lines. """
         tgt = self.alias_table[line_info.iFun]
         # print "=>",tgt #dbg
         if callable(tgt):
             if '$' in line_info.line:
                 call_meth = '(_ip, _ip.var_expand(%s))'
             else:
                 call_meth = '(_ip,%s)'
             line_out = ("%s_sh.%s" + call_meth) % (line_info.preWhitespace,
                                          line_info.iFun, 
             make_quoted_expr(line_info.line))
         else:
             transformed = self.expand_aliases(line_info.iFun,line_info.theRest)
 
             # pre is needed, because it carries the leading whitespace.  Otherwise
             # aliases won't work in indented sections.
             line_out = '%s_ip.system(%s)' % (line_info.preWhitespace,
                                              make_quoted_expr( transformed ))
         
         self.log(line_info.line,line_out,line_info.continue_prompt)
         #print 'line out:',line_out # dbg
         return line_out
 
     def handle_shell_escape(self, line_info):
         """Execute the line in a shell, empty return value"""
         #print 'line in :', `line` # dbg
         line = line_info.line
         if line.lstrip().startswith('!!'):
             # rewrite LineInfo's line, iFun and theRest to properly hold the
             # call to %sx and the actual command to be executed, so
             # handle_magic can work correctly.  Note that this works even if
             # the line is indented, so it handles multi_line_specials
             # properly.
             new_rest = line.lstrip()[2:]
             line_info.line = '%ssx %s' % (self.ESC_MAGIC,new_rest)
             line_info.iFun = 'sx'
             line_info.theRest = new_rest
             return self.handle_magic(line_info)
         else:
             cmd = line.lstrip().lstrip('!')
             line_out = '%s_ip.system(%s)' % (line_info.preWhitespace,
                                              make_quoted_expr(cmd))
         # update cache/log and return
         self.log(line,line_out,line_info.continue_prompt)
         return line_out
 
     def handle_magic(self, line_info):
         """Execute magic functions."""
         iFun    = line_info.iFun
         theRest = line_info.theRest
         cmd = '%s_ip.magic(%s)' % (line_info.preWhitespace,
                                    make_quoted_expr(iFun + " " + theRest))
         self.log(line_info.line,cmd,line_info.continue_prompt)
         #print 'in handle_magic, cmd=<%s>' % cmd  # dbg
         return cmd
 
     def handle_auto(self, line_info):
         """Hande lines which can be auto-executed, quoting if requested."""
 
         line    = line_info.line
         iFun    = line_info.iFun
         theRest = line_info.theRest
         pre     = line_info.pre
         continue_prompt = line_info.continue_prompt
         obj = line_info.ofind(self)['obj']
 
         #print 'pre <%s> iFun <%s> rest <%s>' % (pre,iFun,theRest)  # dbg
 
         # This should only be active for single-line input!
         if continue_prompt:
             self.log(line,line,continue_prompt)
             return line
 
         force_auto = isinstance(obj, IPyAutocall)
         auto_rewrite = True
         
         if pre == self.ESC_QUOTE:
             # Auto-quote splitting on whitespace
             newcmd = '%s("%s")' % (iFun,'", "'.join(theRest.split()) )
         elif pre == self.ESC_QUOTE2:
             # Auto-quote whole string
             newcmd = '%s("%s")' % (iFun,theRest)
         elif pre == self.ESC_PAREN:
             newcmd = '%s(%s)' % (iFun,",".join(theRest.split()))
         else:
             # Auto-paren.
             # We only apply it to argument-less calls if the autocall
             # parameter is set to 2.  We only need to check that autocall is <
             # 2, since this function isn't called unless it's at least 1.
             if not theRest and (self.autocall < 2) and not force_auto:
                 newcmd = '%s %s' % (iFun,theRest)
                 auto_rewrite = False
             else:
                 if not force_auto and theRest.startswith('['):
                     if hasattr(obj,'__getitem__'):
                         # Don't autocall in this case: item access for an object
                         # which is BOTH callable and implements __getitem__.
                         newcmd = '%s %s' % (iFun,theRest)
                         auto_rewrite = False
                     else:
                         # if the object doesn't support [] access, go ahead and
                         # autocall
                         newcmd = '%s(%s)' % (iFun.rstrip(),theRest)
                 elif theRest.endswith(';'):
                     newcmd = '%s(%s);' % (iFun.rstrip(),theRest[:-1])
                 else:
                     newcmd = '%s(%s)' % (iFun.rstrip(), theRest)
 
         if auto_rewrite:
             rw = self.outputcache.prompt1.auto_rewrite() + newcmd
             
             try:
                 # plain ascii works better w/ pyreadline, on some machines, so
                 # we use it and only print uncolored rewrite if we have unicode
                 rw = str(rw)
                 print >>Term.cout, rw
             except UnicodeEncodeError:
                 print "-------------->" + newcmd
             
         # log what is now valid Python, not the actual user input (without the
         # final newline)
         self.log(line,newcmd,continue_prompt)
         return newcmd
 
     def handle_help(self, line_info):
         """Try to get some help for the object.
 
         obj? or ?obj   -> basic information.
         obj?? or ??obj -> more details.
         """
         
         line = line_info.line
         # We need to make sure that we don't process lines which would be
         # otherwise valid python, such as "x=1 # what?"
         try:
             codeop.compile_command(line)
         except SyntaxError:
             # We should only handle as help stuff which is NOT valid syntax
             if line[0]==self.ESC_HELP:
                 line = line[1:]
             elif line[-1]==self.ESC_HELP:
                 line = line[:-1]
             self.log(line,'#?'+line,line_info.continue_prompt)
             if line:
                 #print 'line:<%r>' % line  # dbg
                 self.magic_pinfo(line)
             else:
                 page(self.usage,screen_lines=self.usable_screen_length)
             return '' # Empty string is needed here!
         except:
             # Pass any other exceptions through to the normal handler
             return self.handle_normal(line_info)
         else:
             # If the code compiles ok, we should handle it normally
             return self.handle_normal(line_info)
 
     def handle_emacs(self, line_info):
         """Handle input lines marked by python-mode."""
 
         # Currently, nothing is done.  Later more functionality can be added
         # here if needed.
 
         # The input cache shouldn't be updated
         return line_info.line
     
+    #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # Utilities
+    #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
+    def getoutput(self, cmd):
+        return getoutput(self.var_expand(cmd,depth=2),
+                         header=self.system_header,
+                         verbose=self.system_verbose)
+
+    def getoutputerror(self, cmd):
+        return getoutputerror(self.var_expand(cmd,depth=2),
+                              header=self.system_header,
+                              verbose=self.system_verbose)
+
     def var_expand(self,cmd,depth=0):
         """Expand python variables in a string.
 
         The depth argument indicates how many frames above the caller should
         be walked to look for the local namespace where to expand variables.
 
         The global namespace for expansion is always the user's interactive
         namespace.
         """
 
         return str(ItplNS(cmd,
                           self.user_ns,  # globals
                           # Skip our own frame in searching for locals:
                           sys._getframe(depth+1).f_locals # locals
                           ))
 
     def mktempfile(self,data=None):
         """Make a new tempfile and return its filename.
 
         This makes a call to tempfile.mktemp, but it registers the created
         filename internally so ipython cleans it up at exit time.
 
         Optional inputs:
 
           - data(None): if data is given, it gets written out to the temp file
           immediately, and the file is closed again."""
 
         filename = tempfile.mktemp('.py','ipython_edit_')
         self.tempfiles.append(filename)
         
         if data:
             tmp_file = open(filename,'w')
             tmp_file.write(data)
             tmp_file.close()
         return filename
 
     def write(self,data):
         """Write a string to the default output"""
         Term.cout.write(data)
 
     def write_err(self,data):
         """Write a string to the default error output"""
         Term.cerr.write(data)
 
+    def ask_yes_no(self,prompt,default=True):
+        if self.quiet:
+            return True
+        return ask_yes_no(prompt,default)
+
+    #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+    # Things related to IPython exiting
+    #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
+
     def ask_exit(self):
         """ Call for exiting. Can be overiden and used as a callback. """
         self.exit_now = True
 
     def exit(self):
         """Handle interactive exit.
 
         This method calls the ask_exit callback."""
         if self.confirm_exit:
             if self.ask_yes_no('Do you really want to exit ([y]/n)?','y'):
                 self.ask_exit()
         else:
             self.ask_exit()
 
-    def safe_execfile(self,fname,*where,**kw):
-        """A safe version of the builtin execfile().
-
-        This version will never throw an exception, and knows how to handle
-        ipython logs as well.
-
-        :Parameters:
-          fname : string
-            Name of the file to be executed.
-            
-          where : tuple
-            One or two namespaces, passed to execfile() as (globals,locals).
-            If only one is given, it is passed as both.
-
-        :Keywords:
-          islog : boolean (False)
-
-          quiet : boolean (True)
+    def atexit_operations(self):
+        """This will be executed at the time of exit.
 
-          exit_ignore : boolean (False)
+        Saving of persistent data should be performed here.
           """
+        self.savehist()
 
-        def syspath_cleanup():
-            """Internal cleanup routine for sys.path."""
-            if add_dname:
+        # Cleanup all tempfiles left around
+        for tfile in self.tempfiles:
                 try:
-                    sys.path.remove(dname)
-                except ValueError:
-                    # For some reason the user has already removed it, ignore.
+                os.unlink(tfile)
+            except OSError:
                     pass
         
-        fname = os.path.expanduser(fname)
-
-        # Find things also in current directory.  This is needed to mimic the
-        # behavior of running a script from the system command line, where
-        # Python inserts the script's directory into sys.path
-        dname = os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(fname))
-        add_dname = False
-        if dname not in sys.path:
-            sys.path.insert(0,dname)
-            add_dname = True
-
-        try:
-            xfile = open(fname)
-        except:
-            print >> Term.cerr, \
-                  'Could not open file <%s> for safe execution.' % fname
-            syspath_cleanup()
-            return None
+        # Clear all user namespaces to release all references cleanly.
+        self.reset()
 
-        kw.setdefault('islog',0)
-        kw.setdefault('quiet',1)
-        kw.setdefault('exit_ignore',0)
+        # Run user hooks
+        self.hooks.shutdown_hook()
         
-        first = xfile.readline()
-        loghead = str(self.loghead_tpl).split('\n',1)[0].strip()
-        xfile.close()
-        # line by line execution
-        if first.startswith(loghead) or kw['islog']:
-            print 'Loading log file <%s> one line at a time...' % fname
-            if kw['quiet']:
-                stdout_save = sys.stdout
-                sys.stdout = StringIO.StringIO()
-            try:
-                globs,locs = where[0:2]
-            except:
-                try:
-                    globs = locs = where[0]
-                except:
-                    globs = locs = globals()
-            badblocks = []
+    def cleanup(self):
+        self.restore_sys_module_state()
 
-            # we also need to identify indented blocks of code when replaying
-            # logs and put them together before passing them to an exec
-            # statement. This takes a bit of regexp and look-ahead work in the
-            # file. It's easiest if we swallow the whole thing in memory
-            # first, and manually walk through the lines list moving the
-            # counter ourselves.
-            indent_re = re.compile('\s+\S')
-            xfile = open(fname)
-            filelines = xfile.readlines()
-            xfile.close()
-            nlines = len(filelines)
-            lnum = 0
-            while lnum < nlines:
-                line = filelines[lnum]
-                lnum += 1
-                # don't re-insert logger status info into cache
-                if line.startswith('#log#'):
-                    continue
-                else:
-                    # build a block of code (maybe a single line) for execution
-                    block = line
-                    try:
-                        next = filelines[lnum] # lnum has already incremented
-                    except:
-                        next = None
-                    while next and indent_re.match(next):
-                        block += next
-                        lnum += 1
-                        try:
-                            next = filelines[lnum]
-                        except:
-                            next = None
-                    # now execute the block of one or more lines
-                    try:
-                        exec block in globs,locs
-                    except SystemExit:
-                        pass
-                    except:
-                        badblocks.append(block.rstrip())
-            if kw['quiet']:  # restore stdout
-                sys.stdout.close()
-                sys.stdout = stdout_save
-            print 'Finished replaying log file <%s>' % fname
-            if badblocks:
-                print >> sys.stderr, ('\nThe following lines/blocks in file '
-                                      '<%s> reported errors:' % fname)
                     
-                for badline in badblocks:
-                    print >> sys.stderr, badline
-        else:  # regular file execution
-            try:
-                if sys.platform == 'win32' and sys.version_info < (2,5,1):
-                    # Work around a bug in Python for Windows.  The bug was
-                    # fixed in in Python 2.5 r54159 and 54158, but that's still
-                    # SVN Python as of March/07.  For details, see:
-                    # http://projects.scipy.org/ipython/ipython/ticket/123
-                    try:
-                        globs,locs = where[0:2]
-                    except:
-                        try:
-                            globs = locs = where[0]
-                        except:
-                            globs = locs = globals()
-                    exec file(fname) in globs,locs
-                else:
-                    execfile(fname,*where)
-            except SyntaxError:
-                self.showsyntaxerror()
-                warn('Failure executing file: <%s>' % fname)
-            except SystemExit,status:
-                # Code that correctly sets the exit status flag to success (0)
-                # shouldn't be bothered with a traceback.  Note that a plain
-                # sys.exit() does NOT set the message to 0 (it's empty) so that
-                # will still get a traceback.  Note that the structure of the
-                # SystemExit exception changed between Python 2.4 and 2.5, so
-                # the checks must be done in a version-dependent way.
-                show = False
 
-                if sys.version_info[:2] > (2,5):
-                    if status.message!=0 and not kw['exit_ignore']:
-                        show = True
-                else:
-                    if status.code and not kw['exit_ignore']:
-                        show = True
-                if show:
-                    self.showtraceback()
-                    warn('Failure executing file: <%s>' % fname)
-            except:
-                self.showtraceback()
-                warn('Failure executing file: <%s>' % fname)
 
-        syspath_cleanup()
 
-#************************* end of file <iplib.py> *****************************