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1 1 .. _config_overview:
2 2
3 3 ============================================
4 4 Overview of the IPython configuration system
5 5 ============================================
6 6
7 7 This section describes the IPython configuration system. This is based on
8 8 :mod:`traitlets.config`; see that documentation for more information
9 9 about the overall architecture.
10 10
11 11 Configuration file location
12 12 ===========================
13 13
14 14 So where should you put your configuration files? IPython uses "profiles" for
15 15 configuration, and by default, all profiles will be stored in the so called
16 16 "IPython directory". The location of this directory is determined by the
17 17 following algorithm:
18 18
19 19 * If the ``ipython-dir`` command line flag is given, its value is used.
20 20
21 21 * If not, the value returned by :func:`IPython.paths.get_ipython_dir`
22 22 is used. This function will first look at the :envvar:`IPYTHONDIR`
23 23 environment variable and then default to :file:`~/.ipython`.
24 24 Historical support for the :envvar:`IPYTHON_DIR` environment variable will
25 25 be removed in a future release.
26 26
27 27 For most users, the configuration directory will be :file:`~/.ipython`.
28 28
29 29 Previous versions of IPython on Linux would use the XDG config directory,
30 30 creating :file:`~/.config/ipython` by default. We have decided to go
31 31 back to :file:`~/.ipython` for consistency among systems. IPython will
32 32 issue a warning if it finds the XDG location, and will move it to the new
33 33 location if there isn't already a directory there.
34 34
35 35 Once the location of the IPython directory has been determined, you need to know
36 36 which profile you are using. For users with a single configuration, this will
37 37 simply be 'default', and will be located in
38 38 :file:`<IPYTHONDIR>/profile_default`.
39 39
40 40 The next thing you need to know is what to call your configuration file. The
41 41 basic idea is that each application has its own default configuration filename.
42 42 The default named used by the :command:`ipython` command line program is
43 43 :file:`ipython_config.py`, and *all* IPython applications will use this file.
44 44 The IPython kernel will load its own config file *after*
45 45 :file:`ipython_config.py`. To load a particular configuration file instead of
46 46 the default, the name can be overridden by the ``config_file`` command line
47 47 flag.
48 48
49 49 To generate the default configuration files, do::
50 50
51 51 $ ipython profile create
52 52
53 53 and you will have a default :file:`ipython_config.py` in your IPython directory
54 54 under :file:`profile_default`.
55 55
56 56 .. note::
57 57
58 58 IPython configuration options are case sensitive, and IPython cannot
59 59 catch misnamed keys or invalid values.
60 60
61 61 By default IPython will also ignore any invalid configuration files.
62 62
63 63 .. versionadded:: 5.0
64 64
65 65 IPython can be configured to abort in case of invalid configuration file.
66 66 To do so set the environment variable ``IPYTHON_SUPPRESS_CONFIG_ERRORS`` to
67 67 `'1'` or `'true'`
68 68
69 69
70 70 Locating these files
71 71 --------------------
72 72
73 73 From the command-line, you can quickly locate the IPYTHONDIR or a specific
74 74 profile with:
75 75
76 76 .. sourcecode:: bash
77 77
78 78 $ ipython locate
79 79 /home/you/.ipython
80 80
81 81 $ ipython locate profile foo
82 82 /home/you/.ipython/profile_foo
83 83
84 These map to the utility functions: :func:`IPython.utils.path.get_ipython_dir`
85 and :func:`IPython.utils.path.locate_profile` respectively.
84 These map to the utility functions: :func:`IPython.paths.get_ipython_dir`
85 and :func:`IPython.paths.locate_profile` respectively.
86 86
87 87
88 88 .. _profiles_dev:
89 89
90 90 Profiles
91 91 ========
92 92
93 93 A profile is a directory containing configuration and runtime files, such as
94 94 logs, connection info for the parallel apps, and your IPython command history.
95 95
96 96 The idea is that users often want to maintain a set of configuration files for
97 97 different purposes: one for doing numerical computing with NumPy and SciPy and
98 98 another for doing symbolic computing with SymPy. Profiles make it easy to keep a
99 99 separate configuration files, logs, and histories for each of these purposes.
100 100
101 101 Let's start by showing how a profile is used:
102 102
103 103 .. code-block:: bash
104 104
105 105 $ ipython --profile=sympy
106 106
107 107 This tells the :command:`ipython` command line program to get its configuration
108 108 from the "sympy" profile. The file names for various profiles do not change. The
109 109 only difference is that profiles are named in a special way. In the case above,
110 110 the "sympy" profile means looking for :file:`ipython_config.py` in :file:`<IPYTHONDIR>/profile_sympy`.
111 111
112 112 The general pattern is this: simply create a new profile with:
113 113
114 114 .. code-block:: bash
115 115
116 116 $ ipython profile create <name>
117 117
118 118 which adds a directory called ``profile_<name>`` to your IPython directory. Then
119 119 you can load this profile by adding ``--profile=<name>`` to your command line
120 120 options. Profiles are supported by all IPython applications.
121 121
122 122 IPython extends the config loader for Python files so that you can inherit
123 123 config from another profile. To do this, use a line like this in your Python
124 124 config file:
125 125
126 126 .. sourcecode:: python
127 127
128 128 load_subconfig('ipython_config.py', profile='default')
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