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1 ============
1 ============
2 1.0 Series
2 1.0 Series
3 ============
3 ============
4
4
5 Release 1.0
5 Release 1.0
6 ===========
6 ===========
7
7
8 .. note::
9
10 This document describes a pre-release version of IPython.
11
8 IPython 1.0 requires Python β‰₯ 2.6.5 or β‰₯ 3.2.1.
12 IPython 1.0 requires Python β‰₯ 2.6.5 or β‰₯ 3.2.1.
9 It does not support Python 3.0, 3.1, or 2.5.
13 It does not support Python 3.0, 3.1, or 2.5.
10
14
11 This is a big release. The principal milestone is the addition of :mod:`IPython.nbconvert`,
15 This is a big release. The principal milestone is the addition of :mod:`IPython.nbconvert`,
12 but there has been a great deal of work improving all parts of IPython as well.
16 but there has been a great deal of work improving all parts of IPython as well.
13
17
14 The previous version (0.13) was released on June 30, 2012,
18 The previous version (0.13) was released on June 30, 2012,
15 and in this development cycle we had:
19 and in this development cycle we had:
16
20
17 - ~12 months of work.
21 - ~12 months of work.
18 - ~700 pull requests merged.
22 - ~700 pull requests merged.
19 - ~600 issues closed (non-pull requests).
23 - ~600 issues closed (non-pull requests).
20 - contributions from ~150 authors.
24 - contributions from ~150 authors.
21 - ~4000 commits.
25 - ~4000 commits.
22
26
23 The amount of work included in this release is so large that we can only cover
27 The amount of work included in this release is so large that we can only cover
24 here the main highlights; please see our :ref:`detailed release statistics
28 here the main highlights; please see our :ref:`detailed release statistics
25 <issues_list_100>` for links to every issue and pull request closed on GitHub
29 <issues_list_100>` for links to every issue and pull request closed on GitHub
26 as well as a full list of individual contributors.
30 as well as a full list of individual contributors.
27 It includes
31 It includes
28
32
29 Reorganization
33 Reorganization
30 --------------
34 --------------
31
35
32 There have been two major reorganizations in IPython 1.0:
36 There have been two major reorganizations in IPython 1.0:
33
37
34 - Added :mod:`IPython.kernel` for all kernel-related code.
38 - Added :mod:`IPython.kernel` for all kernel-related code.
35 This means that :mod:`IPython.zmq` has been removed,
39 This means that :mod:`IPython.zmq` has been removed,
36 and much of it is now in :mod:`IPython.kernel.zmq`,
40 and much of it is now in :mod:`IPython.kernel.zmq`,
37 some of it being in the top-level :mod:`IPython.kernel`.
41 some of it being in the top-level :mod:`IPython.kernel`.
38 - We have removed the `frontend` subpackage,
42 - We have removed the `frontend` subpackage,
39 as it caused unnecessary depth. So what was :mod:`IPython.frontend.qt`
43 as it caused unnecessary depth. So what was :mod:`IPython.frontend.qt`
40 is now :mod:`IPython.qt`, and so on. The one difference is that
44 is now :mod:`IPython.qt`, and so on. The one difference is that
41 the notebook has been further flattened, so that
45 the notebook has been further flattened, so that
42 :mod:`IPython.frontend.html.notebook` is now just `IPython.html`.
46 :mod:`IPython.frontend.html.notebook` is now just `IPython.html`.
43 There is a shim module, so :mod:`IPython.frontend` is still
47 There is a shim module, so :mod:`IPython.frontend` is still
44 importable in 1.0, but there will be a warning.
48 importable in 1.0, but there will be a warning.
45 - The IPython sphinx directives are now installed in :mod:`IPython.sphinx`,
49 - The IPython sphinx directives are now installed in :mod:`IPython.sphinx`,
46 so they can be imported by other projects.
50 so they can be imported by other projects.
47
51
48
52
49 Public APIs
53 Public APIs
50 -----------
54 -----------
51
55
52 For the first time since 0.10 (sorry, everyone),
56 For the first time since 0.10 (sorry, everyone),
53 there is an official public API for starting IPython:
57 there is an official public API for starting IPython:
54
58
55 .. sourcecode:: python
59 .. sourcecode:: python
56
60
57 from IPython import start_ipython
61 from IPython import start_ipython
58 start_ipython()
62 start_ipython()
59
63
60 This is what packages should use that start their own IPython session,
64 This is what packages should use that start their own IPython session,
61 but don't actually want embedded IPython (most cases).
65 but don't actually want embedded IPython (most cases).
62
66
63 We also have added:
67 We also have added:
64
68
65 .. sourcecode:: python
69 .. sourcecode:: python
66
70
67 from IPython import get_ipython
71 from IPython import get_ipython
68
72
69
73
70 Which is a *library* function for getting the current IPython instance,
74 Which is a *library* function for getting the current IPython instance,
71 and will return ``None`` if no IPython instance is running.
75 and will return ``None`` if no IPython instance is running.
72 This is the official way to check whether your code is called from inside an IPython session.
76 This is the official way to check whether your code is called from inside an IPython session.
73 If you want to check for IPython without unnecessarily importing IPython,
77 If you want to check for IPython without unnecessarily importing IPython,
74 use this function:
78 use this function:
75
79
76 .. sourcecode:: python
80 .. sourcecode:: python
77
81
78 def get_ipython():
82 def get_ipython():
79 """return IPython instance if there is one, None otherwise"""
83 """return IPython instance if there is one, None otherwise"""
80 import sys
84 import sys
81 if "IPython" in sys.modules:
85 if "IPython" in sys.modules:
82 import IPython
86 import IPython
83 return IPython.get_ipython()
87 return IPython.get_ipython()
84
88
85 Core
89 Core
86 ----
90 ----
87
91
88 - The input transformation framework has been reworked. This fixes some corner
92 - The input transformation framework has been reworked. This fixes some corner
89 cases, and adds more flexibility for projects which use IPython, like SymPy &
93 cases, and adds more flexibility for projects which use IPython, like SymPy &
90 SAGE. For more details, see :doc:`/config/inputtransforms`.
94 SAGE. For more details, see :doc:`/config/inputtransforms`.
91 - Exception types can now be displayed with a custom traceback, by defining a
95 - Exception types can now be displayed with a custom traceback, by defining a
92 ``_render_traceback_()`` method which returns a list of strings, each
96 ``_render_traceback_()`` method which returns a list of strings, each
93 containing one line of the traceback.
97 containing one line of the traceback.
94 - A new command, ``ipython history trim`` can be used to delete everything but
98 - A new command, ``ipython history trim`` can be used to delete everything but
95 the last 1000 entries in the history database.
99 the last 1000 entries in the history database.
96 - ``__file__`` is defined in both config files at load time,
100 - ``__file__`` is defined in both config files at load time,
97 and ``.ipy`` files executed with ``%run``.
101 and ``.ipy`` files executed with ``%run``.
98 - ``%logstart`` and ``%logappend`` are no longer broken.
102 - ``%logstart`` and ``%logappend`` are no longer broken.
99 - Add glob expansion for ``%run``, e.g. ``%run -g script.py *.txt``.
103 - Add glob expansion for ``%run``, e.g. ``%run -g script.py *.txt``.
100 - Expand variables (``$foo``) in Cell Magic argument line.
104 - Expand variables (``$foo``) in Cell Magic argument line.
101 - By default, :command:`iptest` will exclude various slow tests.
105 - By default, :command:`iptest` will exclude various slow tests.
102 All tests can be run with :command:`iptest --all`.
106 All tests can be run with :command:`iptest --all`.
103 - SQLite history can be disabled in the various cases that it does not behave well.
107 - SQLite history can be disabled in the various cases that it does not behave well.
104 - ``%edit`` works on interactively defined variables.
108 - ``%edit`` works on interactively defined variables.
105 - editor hooks have been restored from quarantine, enabling TextMate as editor,
109 - editor hooks have been restored from quarantine, enabling TextMate as editor,
106 etc.
110 etc.
107 - The env variable PYTHONSTARTUP is respected by IPython.
111 - The env variable PYTHONSTARTUP is respected by IPython.
108 - A ``%matplotlib`` magic is added, which is like the old ``%pylab`` magic,
112 - A ``%matplotlib`` magic is added, which is like the old ``%pylab`` magic,
109 but it does not import anything to the interactive namespace.
113 but it does not import anything to the interactive namespace.
110 It is recommended that users switch to ``%matplotlib`` and explicit imports.
114 It is recommended that users switch to ``%matplotlib`` and explicit imports.
111
115
112
116
113 Backwards incompatible changes
117 Backwards incompatible changes
114 ******************************
118 ******************************
115
119
116 - Calling :meth:`InteractiveShell.prefilter` will no longer perform static
120 - Calling :meth:`InteractiveShell.prefilter` will no longer perform static
117 transformations - the processing of escaped commands such as ``%magic`` and
121 transformations - the processing of escaped commands such as ``%magic`` and
118 ``!system``, and stripping input prompts from code blocks. This functionality
122 ``!system``, and stripping input prompts from code blocks. This functionality
119 was duplicated in :mod:`IPython.core.inputsplitter`, and the latter version
123 was duplicated in :mod:`IPython.core.inputsplitter`, and the latter version
120 was already what IPython relied on. A new API to transform input will be ready
124 was already what IPython relied on. A new API to transform input will be ready
121 before release.
125 before release.
122 - Functions from :mod:`IPython.lib.inputhook` to control integration with GUI
126 - Functions from :mod:`IPython.lib.inputhook` to control integration with GUI
123 event loops are no longer exposed in the top level of :mod:`IPython.lib`.
127 event loops are no longer exposed in the top level of :mod:`IPython.lib`.
124 Code calling these should make sure to import them from
128 Code calling these should make sure to import them from
125 :mod:`IPython.lib.inputhook`.
129 :mod:`IPython.lib.inputhook`.
126 - For all kernel managers, the ``sub_channel`` attribute has been renamed to
130 - For all kernel managers, the ``sub_channel`` attribute has been renamed to
127 ``iopub_channel``.
131 ``iopub_channel``.
128 - Users on Python versions before 2.6.6, 2.7.1 or 3.2 will now need to call
132 - Users on Python versions before 2.6.6, 2.7.1 or 3.2 will now need to call
129 :func:`IPython.utils.doctestreload.doctest_reload` to make doctests run
133 :func:`IPython.utils.doctestreload.doctest_reload` to make doctests run
130 correctly inside IPython. Python releases since those versions are unaffected.
134 correctly inside IPython. Python releases since those versions are unaffected.
131 For details, see :ghpull:`3068` and `Python issue 8048 <http://bugs.python.org/issue8048>`_.
135 For details, see :ghpull:`3068` and `Python issue 8048 <http://bugs.python.org/issue8048>`_.
132 - The ``InteractiveShell.cache_main_mod()`` method has been removed, and
136 - The ``InteractiveShell.cache_main_mod()`` method has been removed, and
133 :meth:`~IPython.core.interactiveshell.InteractiveShell.new_main_mod` has a
137 :meth:`~IPython.core.interactiveshell.InteractiveShell.new_main_mod` has a
134 different signature, expecting a filename where earlier versions expected
138 different signature, expecting a filename where earlier versions expected
135 a namespace. See :ghpull:`3555` for details.
139 a namespace. See :ghpull:`3555` for details.
136 - The short-lived plugin system has been removed. Extensions are the way to go.
140 - The short-lived plugin system has been removed. Extensions are the way to go.
137
141
138
142
139 NbConvert
143 NbConvert
140 ---------
144 ---------
141
145
142 The major milestone for IPython 1.0 is the addition of :mod:`IPython.nbconvert` - tools for converting
146 The major milestone for IPython 1.0 is the addition of :mod:`IPython.nbconvert` - tools for converting
143 IPython notebooks to various other formats.
147 IPython notebooks to various other formats.
144
148
145 .. warning::
149 .. warning::
146
150
147 nbconvert is Ξ±-level preview code in 1.0
151 nbconvert is Ξ±-level preview code in 1.0
148
152
149 To use nbconvert to convert various file formats::
153 To use nbconvert to convert various file formats::
150
154
151 ipython nbconvert --format full_html *.ipynb
155 ipython nbconvert --format full_html *.ipynb
152
156
153 See ``ipython nbconvert --help`` for more information.
157 See ``ipython nbconvert --help`` for more information.
154 nbconvert depends on `pandoc`_ for many of the translations to and from various formats.
158 nbconvert depends on `pandoc`_ for many of the translations to and from various formats.
155
159
156 .. _pandoc: http://johnmacfarlane.net/pandoc/
160 .. _pandoc: http://johnmacfarlane.net/pandoc/
157
161
158 Notebook
162 Notebook
159 --------
163 --------
160
164
161 Major changes to the IPython Notebook in 1.0:
165 Major changes to the IPython Notebook in 1.0:
162
166
163 - The notebook is now autosaved, by default at an interval of two minutes.
167 - The notebook is now autosaved, by default at an interval of two minutes.
164 When you press 'save' or Ctrl-S, a *checkpoint* is made, in a hidden folder.
168 When you press 'save' or Ctrl-S, a *checkpoint* is made, in a hidden folder.
165 This checkpoint can be restored, so that the autosave model is strictly safer
169 This checkpoint can be restored, so that the autosave model is strictly safer
166 than traditional save. If you change nothing about your save habits,
170 than traditional save. If you change nothing about your save habits,
167 you will always have a checkpoint that you have written,
171 you will always have a checkpoint that you have written,
168 and an autosaved file that is kept up to date.
172 and an autosaved file that is kept up to date.
169 - You can load custom javascript and CSS in the notebook by editing the files
173 - You can load custom javascript and CSS in the notebook by editing the files
170 :file:`$(ipython locate profile)/static/custom/custom.{js,css}`.
174 :file:`$(ipython locate profile)/static/custom/custom.{js,css}`.
171 - Add ``%%html``, ``%%svg``, ``%%javascript``, and ``%%latex`` cell magics
175 - Add ``%%html``, ``%%svg``, ``%%javascript``, and ``%%latex`` cell magics
172 for writing raw output in notebook cells.
176 for writing raw output in notebook cells.
173 - add a redirect handler and anchors on heading cells, so you can link
177 - add a redirect handler and anchors on heading cells, so you can link
174 across notebooks, directly to heading cells in other notebooks.
178 across notebooks, directly to heading cells in other notebooks.
175 - Images support width and height metadata,
179 - Images support width and height metadata,
176 and thereby 2x scaling (retina support).
180 and thereby 2x scaling (retina support).
177 - ``_repr_foo_`` methods can return a tuple of (data, metadata),
181 - ``_repr_foo_`` methods can return a tuple of (data, metadata),
178 where metadata is a dict containing metadata about the displayed object.
182 where metadata is a dict containing metadata about the displayed object.
179 This is used to set size, etc. for retina graphics. To enable retina matplotlib figures,
183 This is used to set size, etc. for retina graphics. To enable retina matplotlib figures,
180 simply set ``InlineBackend.figure_format = 'retina'`` for 2x PNG figures.
184 simply set ``InlineBackend.figure_format = 'retina'`` for 2x PNG figures.
181 - Add display.FileLink and FileLinks for quickly displaying HTML links to local files.
185 - Add display.FileLink and FileLinks for quickly displaying HTML links to local files.
182 - Cells have metadata, which can be edited via cell toolbars.
186 - Cells have metadata, which can be edited via cell toolbars.
183 This metadata can be used by external code (e.g. reveal.js or exporters),
187 This metadata can be used by external code (e.g. reveal.js or exporters),
184 when examining the notebook.
188 when examining the notebook.
185 - Fix an issue parsing LaTeX in markdown cells, which required users to type ``\\\``,
189 - Fix an issue parsing LaTeX in markdown cells, which required users to type ``\\\``,
186 instead of ``\\``.
190 instead of ``\\``.
187 - Notebook templates are rendered with Jinja instead of Tornado.
191 - Notebook templates are rendered with Jinja instead of Tornado.
188 - ``%%file`` has been renamed ``%%writefile`` (``%%file``) is deprecated.
192 - ``%%file`` has been renamed ``%%writefile`` (``%%file``) is deprecated.
189 - ANSI (and VT100) color parsing has been improved in both performance and
193 - ANSI (and VT100) color parsing has been improved in both performance and
190 supported values.
194 supported values.
191 - The static files path can be found as ``IPython.html.DEFAULT_STATIC_FILES_PATH``,
195 - The static files path can be found as ``IPython.html.DEFAULT_STATIC_FILES_PATH``,
192 which may be changed by package managers.
196 which may be changed by package managers.
193 - The notebook supports :func:`raw_input`, and thus also ``%debug``.
197 - The notebook supports :func:`raw_input`, and thus also ``%debug``.
194 - IPython's CSS is installed in :file:`static/css/style.min.css`
198 - IPython's CSS is installed in :file:`static/css/style.min.css`
195 (all style, including bootstrap), and :file:`static/css/ipython.min.css`,
199 (all style, including bootstrap), and :file:`static/css/ipython.min.css`,
196 which only has IPython's own CSS. The latter file should be useful for embedding
200 which only has IPython's own CSS. The latter file should be useful for embedding
197 IPython notebooks in other pages, blogs, etc.
201 IPython notebooks in other pages, blogs, etc.
198
202
199 Javascript Components
203 Javascript Components
200 *********************
204 *********************
201
205
202 The javascript components used in the notebook have been updated significantly.
206 The javascript components used in the notebook have been updated significantly.
203
207
204 - updates to jQuery (2.0) and jQueryUI (1.10)
208 - updates to jQuery (2.0) and jQueryUI (1.10)
205 - Update CodeMirror to 3.14
209 - Update CodeMirror to 3.14
206 - Twitter Bootstrap (2.3) for layout
210 - Twitter Bootstrap (2.3) for layout
207 - Font-Awesome (3.1) for icons
211 - Font-Awesome (3.1) for icons
208 - highlight.js (7.3) for syntax highlighting
212 - highlight.js (7.3) for syntax highlighting
209 - marked (0.2.8) for markdown rendering
213 - marked (0.2.8) for markdown rendering
210 - require.js (2.1) for loading javascript
214 - require.js (2.1) for loading javascript
211
215
212 Some relevant changes that are results of this:
216 Some relevant changes that are results of this:
213
217
214 - Markdown cells now support GitHub-flavored Markdown (GFM),
218 - Markdown cells now support GitHub-flavored Markdown (GFM),
215 which includes ``\`\`\`python`` code blocks and tables.
219 which includes ``\`\`\`python`` code blocks and tables.
216 - Notebook UI behaves better on more screen sizes.
220 - Notebook UI behaves better on more screen sizes.
217 - Various code cell input issues have been fixed.
221 - Various code cell input issues have been fixed.
218
222
219
223
220 Kernel
224 Kernel
221 ------
225 ------
222
226
223 The kernel code has been substantially reorganized.
227 The kernel code has been substantially reorganized.
224
228
225 New features in the kernel:
229 New features in the kernel:
226
230
227 - Kernels support ZeroMQ IPC transport, not just TCP
231 - Kernels support ZeroMQ IPC transport, not just TCP
228 - The message protocol has added a top-level metadata field,
232 - The message protocol has added a top-level metadata field,
229 used for information about messages.
233 used for information about messages.
230 - Add a `data_pub` message that functions much like `display_pub`,
234 - Add a `data_pub` message that functions much like `display_pub`,
231 but publishes raw (usually pickled) data, rather than representations.
235 but publishes raw (usually pickled) data, rather than representations.
232 - Ensure that ``sys.stdout.encoding`` is defined in Kernels.
236 - Ensure that ``sys.stdout.encoding`` is defined in Kernels.
233 - Stdout from forked subprocesses should be forwarded to frontends (instead of crashing).
237 - Stdout from forked subprocesses should be forwarded to frontends (instead of crashing).
234
238
235 IPEP 13
239 IPEP 13
236 *******
240 *******
237
241
238 The KernelManager has been split into a :class:`~.KernelManager` and a :class:`~.KernelClient`.
242 The KernelManager has been split into a :class:`~.KernelManager` and a :class:`~.KernelClient`.
239 The Manager owns a kernel and starts / signals / restarts it. There is always zero or one
243 The Manager owns a kernel and starts / signals / restarts it. There is always zero or one
240 KernelManager per Kernel. Clients communicate with Kernels via zmq channels,
244 KernelManager per Kernel. Clients communicate with Kernels via zmq channels,
241 and there can be zero-to-many Clients connected to a Kernel at any given time.
245 and there can be zero-to-many Clients connected to a Kernel at any given time.
242
246
243 The KernelManager now automatically restarts the kernel when it dies,
247 The KernelManager now automatically restarts the kernel when it dies,
244 rather than requiring user input at the notebook or QtConsole UI
248 rather than requiring user input at the notebook or QtConsole UI
245 (which may or may not exist at restart time).
249 (which may or may not exist at restart time).
246
250
247 In-process kernels
251 In-process kernels
248 ******************
252 ******************
249
253
250 The Python-language frontends, particularly the Qt console, may now communicate
254 The Python-language frontends, particularly the Qt console, may now communicate
251 with in-process kernels, in addition to the traditional out-of-process
255 with in-process kernels, in addition to the traditional out-of-process
252 kernels. An in-process kernel permits direct access to the kernel namespace,
256 kernels. An in-process kernel permits direct access to the kernel namespace,
253 which is necessary in some applications. It should be understood, however, that
257 which is necessary in some applications. It should be understood, however, that
254 the in-process kernel is not robust to bad user input and will block the main
258 the in-process kernel is not robust to bad user input and will block the main
255 (GUI) thread while executing. Developers must decide on a case-by-case basis
259 (GUI) thread while executing. Developers must decide on a case-by-case basis
256 whether this tradeoff is appropriate for their application.
260 whether this tradeoff is appropriate for their application.
257
261
258
262
259
263
260 Parallel
264 Parallel
261 --------
265 --------
262
266
263 IPython.parallel has had some refactoring as well.
267 IPython.parallel has had some refactoring as well.
264 There are many improvements and fixes, but these are the major changes:
268 There are many improvements and fixes, but these are the major changes:
265
269
266 - Connections have been simplified. All ports and the serialization in use
270 - Connections have been simplified. All ports and the serialization in use
267 are written to the connection file, rather than the initial two-stage system.
271 are written to the connection file, rather than the initial two-stage system.
268 - Serialization has been rewritten, fixing many bugs and dramatically improving
272 - Serialization has been rewritten, fixing many bugs and dramatically improving
269 performance serializing large containers.
273 performance serializing large containers.
270 - Load-balancing scheduler performance with large numbers of tasks has been dramatically improved.
274 - Load-balancing scheduler performance with large numbers of tasks has been dramatically improved.
271 - There should be fewer (hopefully zero) false-positives for engine failures.
275 - There should be fewer (hopefully zero) false-positives for engine failures.
272 - Increased compatibility with various use cases that produced serialization / argument errors
276 - Increased compatibility with various use cases that produced serialization / argument errors
273 with map, etc.
277 with map, etc.
274 - The controller can attempt to resume operation if it has crashed,
278 - The controller can attempt to resume operation if it has crashed,
275 by passing ``ipcontroller --restore``.
279 by passing ``ipcontroller --restore``.
276 - Engines can monitor the Hub heartbeat, and shutdown if the Hub disappears for too long.
280 - Engines can monitor the Hub heartbeat, and shutdown if the Hub disappears for too long.
277 - add HTCondor support in launchers
281 - add HTCondor support in launchers
278
282
279
283
280 QtConsole
284 QtConsole
281 ---------
285 ---------
282
286
283 Various fixes, including improved performance with lots of text output,
287 Various fixes, including improved performance with lots of text output,
284 and better drag and drop support.
288 and better drag and drop support.
285 The initial window size of the qtconsole is now configurable via ``IPythonWidget.width``
289 The initial window size of the qtconsole is now configurable via ``IPythonWidget.width``
286 and ``IPythonWidget.height``.
290 and ``IPythonWidget.height``.
287
291
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