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@@ -1,1036 +1,1036 b'' | |||
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1 | 1 | """Implementation of execution-related magic functions. |
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2 | 2 | """ |
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3 | 3 | #----------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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4 | 4 | # Copyright (c) 2012 The IPython Development Team. |
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5 | 5 | # |
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6 | 6 | # Distributed under the terms of the Modified BSD License. |
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7 | 7 | # |
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8 | 8 | # The full license is in the file COPYING.txt, distributed with this software. |
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9 | 9 | #----------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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10 | 10 | |
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11 | 11 | #----------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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12 | 12 | # Imports |
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13 | 13 | #----------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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14 | 14 | |
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15 | 15 | # Stdlib |
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16 | 16 | import __builtin__ as builtin_mod |
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17 | 17 | import bdb |
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18 | 18 | import os |
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19 | 19 | import sys |
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20 | 20 | import time |
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21 | 21 | from StringIO import StringIO |
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22 | 22 | |
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23 | 23 | # cProfile was added in Python2.5 |
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24 | 24 | try: |
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25 | 25 | import cProfile as profile |
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26 | 26 | import pstats |
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27 | 27 | except ImportError: |
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28 | 28 | # profile isn't bundled by default in Debian for license reasons |
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29 | 29 | try: |
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30 | 30 | import profile, pstats |
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31 | 31 | except ImportError: |
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32 | 32 | profile = pstats = None |
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33 | 33 | |
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34 | 34 | # Our own packages |
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35 | 35 | from IPython.core import debugger, oinspect |
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36 | 36 | from IPython.core import magic_arguments |
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37 | 37 | from IPython.core import page |
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38 | 38 | from IPython.core.error import UsageError |
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39 | 39 | from IPython.core.macro import Macro |
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40 | 40 | from IPython.core.magic import (Magics, magics_class, line_magic, cell_magic, |
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41 | 41 | line_cell_magic, on_off, needs_local_scope) |
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42 | 42 | from IPython.testing.skipdoctest import skip_doctest |
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43 | 43 | from IPython.utils import py3compat |
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44 | 44 | from IPython.utils.io import capture_output |
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45 | 45 | from IPython.utils.ipstruct import Struct |
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46 | 46 | from IPython.utils.module_paths import find_mod |
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47 | 47 | from IPython.utils.path import get_py_filename, unquote_filename, shellglob |
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48 | 48 | from IPython.utils.timing import clock, clock2 |
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49 | 49 | from IPython.utils.warn import warn, error |
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50 | 50 | |
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51 | 51 | |
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52 | 52 | #----------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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53 | 53 | # Magic implementation classes |
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54 | 54 | #----------------------------------------------------------------------------- |
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55 | 55 | |
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56 | 56 | @magics_class |
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57 | 57 | class ExecutionMagics(Magics): |
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58 | 58 | """Magics related to code execution, debugging, profiling, etc. |
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59 | 59 | |
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60 | 60 | """ |
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61 | 61 | |
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62 | 62 | def __init__(self, shell): |
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63 | 63 | super(ExecutionMagics, self).__init__(shell) |
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64 | 64 | if profile is None: |
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65 | 65 | self.prun = self.profile_missing_notice |
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66 | 66 | # Default execution function used to actually run user code. |
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67 | 67 | self.default_runner = None |
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68 | 68 | |
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69 | 69 | def profile_missing_notice(self, *args, **kwargs): |
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70 | 70 | error("""\ |
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71 | 71 | The profile module could not be found. It has been removed from the standard |
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72 | 72 | python packages because of its non-free license. To use profiling, install the |
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73 | 73 | python-profiler package from non-free.""") |
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74 | 74 | |
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75 | 75 | @skip_doctest |
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76 | 76 | @line_cell_magic |
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77 | 77 | def prun(self, parameter_s='', cell=None, user_mode=True, |
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78 | 78 | opts=None,arg_lst=None,prog_ns=None): |
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79 | 79 | |
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80 | 80 | """Run a statement through the python code profiler. |
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81 | 81 | |
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82 | 82 | Usage, in line mode: |
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83 | 83 | %prun [options] statement |
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84 | 84 | |
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85 | 85 | Usage, in cell mode: |
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86 | 86 | %%prun [options] [statement] |
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87 | 87 | code... |
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88 | 88 | code... |
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89 | 89 | |
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90 | 90 | In cell mode, the additional code lines are appended to the (possibly |
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91 | 91 | empty) statement in the first line. Cell mode allows you to easily |
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92 | 92 | profile multiline blocks without having to put them in a separate |
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93 | 93 | function. |
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94 | 94 | |
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95 | 95 | The given statement (which doesn't require quote marks) is run via the |
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96 | 96 | python profiler in a manner similar to the profile.run() function. |
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97 | 97 | Namespaces are internally managed to work correctly; profile.run |
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98 | 98 | cannot be used in IPython because it makes certain assumptions about |
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99 | 99 | namespaces which do not hold under IPython. |
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100 | 100 | |
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101 | 101 | Options: |
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102 | 102 | |
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103 | 103 | -l <limit>: you can place restrictions on what or how much of the |
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104 | 104 | profile gets printed. The limit value can be: |
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105 | 105 | |
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106 | 106 | * A string: only information for function names containing this string |
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107 | 107 | is printed. |
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108 | 108 | |
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109 | 109 | * An integer: only these many lines are printed. |
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110 | 110 | |
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111 | 111 | * A float (between 0 and 1): this fraction of the report is printed |
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112 | 112 | (for example, use a limit of 0.4 to see the topmost 40% only). |
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113 | 113 | |
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114 | 114 | You can combine several limits with repeated use of the option. For |
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115 | 115 | example, '-l __init__ -l 5' will print only the topmost 5 lines of |
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116 | 116 | information about class constructors. |
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117 | 117 | |
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118 | 118 | -r: return the pstats.Stats object generated by the profiling. This |
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119 | 119 | object has all the information about the profile in it, and you can |
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120 | 120 | later use it for further analysis or in other functions. |
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121 | 121 | |
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122 | 122 | -s <key>: sort profile by given key. You can provide more than one key |
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123 | 123 | by using the option several times: '-s key1 -s key2 -s key3...'. The |
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124 | 124 | default sorting key is 'time'. |
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125 | 125 | |
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126 | 126 | The following is copied verbatim from the profile documentation |
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127 | 127 | referenced below: |
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128 | 128 | |
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129 | 129 | When more than one key is provided, additional keys are used as |
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130 | 130 | secondary criteria when the there is equality in all keys selected |
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131 | 131 | before them. |
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132 | 132 | |
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133 | 133 | Abbreviations can be used for any key names, as long as the |
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134 | 134 | abbreviation is unambiguous. The following are the keys currently |
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135 | 135 | defined: |
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136 | 136 | |
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137 | 137 | Valid Arg Meaning |
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138 | 138 | "calls" call count |
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139 | 139 | "cumulative" cumulative time |
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140 | 140 | "file" file name |
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141 | 141 | "module" file name |
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142 | 142 | "pcalls" primitive call count |
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143 | 143 | "line" line number |
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144 | 144 | "name" function name |
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145 | 145 | "nfl" name/file/line |
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146 | 146 | "stdname" standard name |
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147 | 147 | "time" internal time |
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148 | 148 | |
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149 | 149 | Note that all sorts on statistics are in descending order (placing |
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150 | 150 | most time consuming items first), where as name, file, and line number |
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151 | 151 | searches are in ascending order (i.e., alphabetical). The subtle |
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152 | 152 | distinction between "nfl" and "stdname" is that the standard name is a |
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153 | 153 | sort of the name as printed, which means that the embedded line |
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154 | 154 | numbers get compared in an odd way. For example, lines 3, 20, and 40 |
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155 | 155 | would (if the file names were the same) appear in the string order |
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156 | 156 | "20" "3" and "40". In contrast, "nfl" does a numeric compare of the |
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157 | 157 | line numbers. In fact, sort_stats("nfl") is the same as |
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158 | 158 | sort_stats("name", "file", "line"). |
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159 | 159 | |
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160 | 160 | -T <filename>: save profile results as shown on screen to a text |
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161 | 161 | file. The profile is still shown on screen. |
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162 | 162 | |
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163 | 163 | -D <filename>: save (via dump_stats) profile statistics to given |
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164 | 164 | filename. This data is in a format understood by the pstats module, and |
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165 | 165 | is generated by a call to the dump_stats() method of profile |
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166 | 166 | objects. The profile is still shown on screen. |
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167 | 167 | |
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168 | 168 | -q: suppress output to the pager. Best used with -T and/or -D above. |
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169 | 169 | |
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170 | 170 | If you want to run complete programs under the profiler's control, use |
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171 | 171 | '%run -p [prof_opts] filename.py [args to program]' where prof_opts |
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172 | 172 | contains profiler specific options as described here. |
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173 | 173 | |
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174 | 174 | You can read the complete documentation for the profile module with:: |
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175 | 175 | |
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176 | 176 | In [1]: import profile; profile.help() |
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177 | 177 | """ |
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178 | 178 | |
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179 | 179 | opts_def = Struct(D=[''],l=[],s=['time'],T=['']) |
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180 | 180 | |
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181 | 181 | if user_mode: # regular user call |
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182 | 182 | opts,arg_str = self.parse_options(parameter_s,'D:l:rs:T:q', |
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183 | 183 | list_all=True, posix=False) |
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184 | 184 | namespace = self.shell.user_ns |
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185 | 185 | if cell is not None: |
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186 | 186 | arg_str += '\n' + cell |
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187 | 187 | else: # called to run a program by %run -p |
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188 | 188 | try: |
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189 | 189 | filename = get_py_filename(arg_lst[0]) |
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190 | 190 | except IOError as e: |
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191 | 191 | try: |
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192 | 192 | msg = str(e) |
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193 | 193 | except UnicodeError: |
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194 | 194 | msg = e.message |
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195 | 195 | error(msg) |
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196 | 196 | return |
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197 | 197 | |
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198 | 198 | arg_str = 'execfile(filename,prog_ns)' |
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199 | 199 | namespace = { |
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200 | 200 | 'execfile': self.shell.safe_execfile, |
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201 | 201 | 'prog_ns': prog_ns, |
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202 | 202 | 'filename': filename |
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203 | 203 | } |
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204 | 204 | |
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205 | 205 | opts.merge(opts_def) |
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206 | 206 | |
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207 | 207 | prof = profile.Profile() |
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208 | 208 | try: |
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209 | 209 | prof = prof.runctx(arg_str,namespace,namespace) |
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210 | 210 | sys_exit = '' |
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211 | 211 | except SystemExit: |
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212 | 212 | sys_exit = """*** SystemExit exception caught in code being profiled.""" |
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213 | 213 | |
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214 | 214 | stats = pstats.Stats(prof).strip_dirs().sort_stats(*opts.s) |
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215 | 215 | |
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216 | 216 | lims = opts.l |
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217 | 217 | if lims: |
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218 | 218 | lims = [] # rebuild lims with ints/floats/strings |
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219 | 219 | for lim in opts.l: |
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220 | 220 | try: |
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221 | 221 | lims.append(int(lim)) |
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222 | 222 | except ValueError: |
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223 | 223 | try: |
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224 | 224 | lims.append(float(lim)) |
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225 | 225 | except ValueError: |
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226 | 226 | lims.append(lim) |
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227 | 227 | |
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228 | 228 | # Trap output. |
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229 | 229 | stdout_trap = StringIO() |
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230 | 230 | |
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231 | 231 | if hasattr(stats,'stream'): |
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232 | 232 | # In newer versions of python, the stats object has a 'stream' |
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233 | 233 | # attribute to write into. |
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234 | 234 | stats.stream = stdout_trap |
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235 | 235 | stats.print_stats(*lims) |
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236 | 236 | else: |
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237 | 237 | # For older versions, we manually redirect stdout during printing |
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238 | 238 | sys_stdout = sys.stdout |
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239 | 239 | try: |
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240 | 240 | sys.stdout = stdout_trap |
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241 | 241 | stats.print_stats(*lims) |
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242 | 242 | finally: |
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243 | 243 | sys.stdout = sys_stdout |
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244 | 244 | |
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245 | 245 | output = stdout_trap.getvalue() |
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246 | 246 | output = output.rstrip() |
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247 | 247 | |
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248 | 248 | if 'q' not in opts: |
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249 | 249 | page.page(output) |
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250 | 250 | print sys_exit, |
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251 | 251 | |
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252 | 252 | dump_file = opts.D[0] |
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253 | 253 | text_file = opts.T[0] |
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254 | 254 | if dump_file: |
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255 | 255 | dump_file = unquote_filename(dump_file) |
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256 | 256 | prof.dump_stats(dump_file) |
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257 | 257 | print '\n*** Profile stats marshalled to file',\ |
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258 | 258 | repr(dump_file)+'.',sys_exit |
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259 | 259 | if text_file: |
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260 | 260 | text_file = unquote_filename(text_file) |
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261 | 261 | pfile = open(text_file,'w') |
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262 | 262 | pfile.write(output) |
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263 | 263 | pfile.close() |
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264 | 264 | print '\n*** Profile printout saved to text file',\ |
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265 | 265 | repr(text_file)+'.',sys_exit |
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266 | 266 | |
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267 | 267 | if opts.has_key('r'): |
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268 | 268 | return stats |
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269 | 269 | else: |
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270 | 270 | return None |
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271 | 271 | |
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272 | 272 | @line_magic |
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273 | 273 | def pdb(self, parameter_s=''): |
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274 | 274 | """Control the automatic calling of the pdb interactive debugger. |
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275 | 275 | |
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276 | 276 | Call as '%pdb on', '%pdb 1', '%pdb off' or '%pdb 0'. If called without |
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277 | 277 | argument it works as a toggle. |
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278 | 278 | |
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279 | 279 | When an exception is triggered, IPython can optionally call the |
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280 | 280 | interactive pdb debugger after the traceback printout. %pdb toggles |
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281 | 281 | this feature on and off. |
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282 | 282 | |
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283 | 283 | The initial state of this feature is set in your configuration |
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284 | 284 | file (the option is ``InteractiveShell.pdb``). |
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285 | 285 | |
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286 | 286 | If you want to just activate the debugger AFTER an exception has fired, |
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287 | 287 | without having to type '%pdb on' and rerunning your code, you can use |
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288 | 288 | the %debug magic.""" |
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289 | 289 | |
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290 | 290 | par = parameter_s.strip().lower() |
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291 | 291 | |
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292 | 292 | if par: |
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293 | 293 | try: |
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294 | 294 | new_pdb = {'off':0,'0':0,'on':1,'1':1}[par] |
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295 | 295 | except KeyError: |
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296 | 296 | print ('Incorrect argument. Use on/1, off/0, ' |
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297 | 297 | 'or nothing for a toggle.') |
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298 | 298 | return |
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299 | 299 | else: |
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300 | 300 | # toggle |
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301 | 301 | new_pdb = not self.shell.call_pdb |
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302 | 302 | |
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303 | 303 | # set on the shell |
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304 | 304 | self.shell.call_pdb = new_pdb |
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305 | 305 | print 'Automatic pdb calling has been turned',on_off(new_pdb) |
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306 | 306 | |
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307 | 307 | @line_magic |
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308 | 308 | def debug(self, parameter_s=''): |
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309 | 309 | """Activate the interactive debugger in post-mortem mode. |
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310 | 310 | |
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311 | 311 | If an exception has just occurred, this lets you inspect its stack |
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312 | 312 | frames interactively. Note that this will always work only on the last |
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313 | 313 | traceback that occurred, so you must call this quickly after an |
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314 | 314 | exception that you wish to inspect has fired, because if another one |
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315 | 315 | occurs, it clobbers the previous one. |
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316 | 316 | |
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317 | 317 | If you want IPython to automatically do this on every exception, see |
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318 | 318 | the %pdb magic for more details. |
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319 | 319 | """ |
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320 | 320 | self.shell.debugger(force=True) |
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321 | 321 | |
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322 | 322 | @line_magic |
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323 | 323 | def tb(self, s): |
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324 | 324 | """Print the last traceback with the currently active exception mode. |
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325 | 325 | |
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326 | 326 | See %xmode for changing exception reporting modes.""" |
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327 | 327 | self.shell.showtraceback() |
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328 | 328 | |
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329 | 329 | @skip_doctest |
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330 | 330 | @line_magic |
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331 | 331 | def run(self, parameter_s='', runner=None, |
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332 | 332 | file_finder=get_py_filename): |
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333 | 333 | """Run the named file inside IPython as a program. |
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334 | 334 | |
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335 | 335 | Usage:\\ |
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336 | 336 | %run [-n -i -t [-N<N>] -d [-b<N>] -p [profile options] -G] file [args] |
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337 | 337 | |
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338 | 338 | Parameters after the filename are passed as command-line arguments to |
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339 | 339 | the program (put in sys.argv). Then, control returns to IPython's |
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340 | 340 | prompt. |
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341 | 341 | |
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342 | 342 | This is similar to running at a system prompt:\\ |
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343 | 343 | $ python file args\\ |
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344 | 344 | but with the advantage of giving you IPython's tracebacks, and of |
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345 | 345 | loading all variables into your interactive namespace for further use |
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346 | 346 | (unless -p is used, see below). |
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347 | 347 | |
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348 | 348 | The file is executed in a namespace initially consisting only of |
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349 | 349 | __name__=='__main__' and sys.argv constructed as indicated. It thus |
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350 | 350 | sees its environment as if it were being run as a stand-alone program |
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351 | 351 | (except for sharing global objects such as previously imported |
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352 | 352 | modules). But after execution, the IPython interactive namespace gets |
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353 | 353 | updated with all variables defined in the program (except for __name__ |
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354 | 354 | and sys.argv). This allows for very convenient loading of code for |
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355 | 355 | interactive work, while giving each program a 'clean sheet' to run in. |
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356 | 356 | |
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357 | 357 | Arguments are expanded using shell-like glob match. Patterns |
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358 | 358 | '*', '?', '[seq]' and '[!seq]' can be used. Additionally, |
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359 | 359 | tilde '~' will be expanded into user's home directory. Unlike |
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360 |
real shells, quotation does not suppress expansions. Use |
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361 |
slash (e.g., '\\*') to suppress expansions. |
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362 | disable these expansions, you can use -G flag. | |
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360 | real shells, quotation does not suppress expansions. Use | |
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361 | *two* back slashes (e.g., '\\\\*') to suppress expansions. | |
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362 | To completely disable these expansions, you can use -G flag. | |
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363 | 363 | |
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364 | 364 | Options: |
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365 | 365 | |
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366 | 366 | -n: __name__ is NOT set to '__main__', but to the running file's name |
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367 | 367 | without extension (as python does under import). This allows running |
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368 | 368 | scripts and reloading the definitions in them without calling code |
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369 | 369 | protected by an ' if __name__ == "__main__" ' clause. |
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370 | 370 | |
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371 | 371 | -i: run the file in IPython's namespace instead of an empty one. This |
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372 | 372 | is useful if you are experimenting with code written in a text editor |
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373 | 373 | which depends on variables defined interactively. |
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374 | 374 | |
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375 | 375 | -e: ignore sys.exit() calls or SystemExit exceptions in the script |
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376 | 376 | being run. This is particularly useful if IPython is being used to |
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377 | 377 | run unittests, which always exit with a sys.exit() call. In such |
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378 | 378 | cases you are interested in the output of the test results, not in |
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379 | 379 | seeing a traceback of the unittest module. |
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380 | 380 | |
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381 | 381 | -t: print timing information at the end of the run. IPython will give |
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382 | 382 | you an estimated CPU time consumption for your script, which under |
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383 | 383 | Unix uses the resource module to avoid the wraparound problems of |
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384 | 384 | time.clock(). Under Unix, an estimate of time spent on system tasks |
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385 | 385 | is also given (for Windows platforms this is reported as 0.0). |
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386 | 386 | |
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387 | 387 | If -t is given, an additional -N<N> option can be given, where <N> |
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388 | 388 | must be an integer indicating how many times you want the script to |
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389 | 389 | run. The final timing report will include total and per run results. |
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390 | 390 | |
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391 | 391 | For example (testing the script uniq_stable.py):: |
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392 | 392 | |
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393 | 393 | In [1]: run -t uniq_stable |
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394 | 394 | |
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395 | 395 | IPython CPU timings (estimated):\\ |
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396 | 396 | User : 0.19597 s.\\ |
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397 | 397 | System: 0.0 s.\\ |
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398 | 398 | |
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399 | 399 | In [2]: run -t -N5 uniq_stable |
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400 | 400 | |
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401 | 401 | IPython CPU timings (estimated):\\ |
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402 | 402 | Total runs performed: 5\\ |
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403 | 403 | Times : Total Per run\\ |
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404 | 404 | User : 0.910862 s, 0.1821724 s.\\ |
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405 | 405 | System: 0.0 s, 0.0 s. |
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406 | 406 | |
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407 | 407 | -d: run your program under the control of pdb, the Python debugger. |
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408 | 408 | This allows you to execute your program step by step, watch variables, |
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409 | 409 | etc. Internally, what IPython does is similar to calling: |
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410 | 410 | |
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411 | 411 | pdb.run('execfile("YOURFILENAME")') |
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412 | 412 | |
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413 | 413 | with a breakpoint set on line 1 of your file. You can change the line |
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414 | 414 | number for this automatic breakpoint to be <N> by using the -bN option |
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415 | 415 | (where N must be an integer). For example:: |
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416 | 416 | |
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417 | 417 | %run -d -b40 myscript |
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418 | 418 | |
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419 | 419 | will set the first breakpoint at line 40 in myscript.py. Note that |
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420 | 420 | the first breakpoint must be set on a line which actually does |
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421 | 421 | something (not a comment or docstring) for it to stop execution. |
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422 | 422 | |
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423 | 423 | When the pdb debugger starts, you will see a (Pdb) prompt. You must |
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424 | 424 | first enter 'c' (without quotes) to start execution up to the first |
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425 | 425 | breakpoint. |
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426 | 426 | |
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427 | 427 | Entering 'help' gives information about the use of the debugger. You |
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428 | 428 | can easily see pdb's full documentation with "import pdb;pdb.help()" |
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429 | 429 | at a prompt. |
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430 | 430 | |
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431 | 431 | -p: run program under the control of the Python profiler module (which |
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432 | 432 | prints a detailed report of execution times, function calls, etc). |
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433 | 433 | |
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434 | 434 | You can pass other options after -p which affect the behavior of the |
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435 | 435 | profiler itself. See the docs for %prun for details. |
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436 | 436 | |
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437 | 437 | In this mode, the program's variables do NOT propagate back to the |
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438 | 438 | IPython interactive namespace (because they remain in the namespace |
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439 | 439 | where the profiler executes them). |
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440 | 440 | |
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441 | 441 | Internally this triggers a call to %prun, see its documentation for |
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442 | 442 | details on the options available specifically for profiling. |
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443 | 443 | |
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444 | 444 | There is one special usage for which the text above doesn't apply: |
|
445 | 445 | if the filename ends with .ipy, the file is run as ipython script, |
|
446 | 446 | just as if the commands were written on IPython prompt. |
|
447 | 447 | |
|
448 | 448 | -m: specify module name to load instead of script path. Similar to |
|
449 | 449 | the -m option for the python interpreter. Use this option last if you |
|
450 | 450 | want to combine with other %run options. Unlike the python interpreter |
|
451 | 451 | only source modules are allowed no .pyc or .pyo files. |
|
452 | 452 | For example:: |
|
453 | 453 | |
|
454 | 454 | %run -m example |
|
455 | 455 | |
|
456 | 456 | will run the example module. |
|
457 | 457 | |
|
458 | 458 | -G: disable shell-like glob expansion of arguments. |
|
459 | 459 | |
|
460 | 460 | """ |
|
461 | 461 | |
|
462 | 462 | # get arguments and set sys.argv for program to be run. |
|
463 | 463 | opts, arg_lst = self.parse_options(parameter_s, |
|
464 | 464 | 'nidtN:b:pD:l:rs:T:em:G', |
|
465 | 465 | mode='list', list_all=1) |
|
466 | 466 | if "m" in opts: |
|
467 | 467 | modulename = opts["m"][0] |
|
468 | 468 | modpath = find_mod(modulename) |
|
469 | 469 | if modpath is None: |
|
470 | 470 | warn('%r is not a valid modulename on sys.path'%modulename) |
|
471 | 471 | return |
|
472 | 472 | arg_lst = [modpath] + arg_lst |
|
473 | 473 | try: |
|
474 | 474 | filename = file_finder(arg_lst[0]) |
|
475 | 475 | except IndexError: |
|
476 | 476 | warn('you must provide at least a filename.') |
|
477 | 477 | print '\n%run:\n', oinspect.getdoc(self.run) |
|
478 | 478 | return |
|
479 | 479 | except IOError as e: |
|
480 | 480 | try: |
|
481 | 481 | msg = str(e) |
|
482 | 482 | except UnicodeError: |
|
483 | 483 | msg = e.message |
|
484 | 484 | error(msg) |
|
485 | 485 | return |
|
486 | 486 | |
|
487 | 487 | if filename.lower().endswith('.ipy'): |
|
488 | 488 | self.shell.safe_execfile_ipy(filename) |
|
489 | 489 | return |
|
490 | 490 | |
|
491 | 491 | # Control the response to exit() calls made by the script being run |
|
492 | 492 | exit_ignore = 'e' in opts |
|
493 | 493 | |
|
494 | 494 | # Make sure that the running script gets a proper sys.argv as if it |
|
495 | 495 | # were run from a system shell. |
|
496 | 496 | save_argv = sys.argv # save it for later restoring |
|
497 | 497 | |
|
498 | 498 | if 'G' in opts: |
|
499 | 499 | args = arg_lst[1:] |
|
500 | 500 | else: |
|
501 | 501 | # tilde and glob expansion |
|
502 | 502 | args = shellglob(map(os.path.expanduser, arg_lst[1:])) |
|
503 | 503 | |
|
504 | 504 | sys.argv = [filename] + args # put in the proper filename |
|
505 | 505 | # protect sys.argv from potential unicode strings on Python 2: |
|
506 | 506 | if not py3compat.PY3: |
|
507 | 507 | sys.argv = [ py3compat.cast_bytes(a) for a in sys.argv ] |
|
508 | 508 | |
|
509 | 509 | if 'i' in opts: |
|
510 | 510 | # Run in user's interactive namespace |
|
511 | 511 | prog_ns = self.shell.user_ns |
|
512 | 512 | __name__save = self.shell.user_ns['__name__'] |
|
513 | 513 | prog_ns['__name__'] = '__main__' |
|
514 | 514 | main_mod = self.shell.new_main_mod(prog_ns) |
|
515 | 515 | else: |
|
516 | 516 | # Run in a fresh, empty namespace |
|
517 | 517 | if 'n' in opts: |
|
518 | 518 | name = os.path.splitext(os.path.basename(filename))[0] |
|
519 | 519 | else: |
|
520 | 520 | name = '__main__' |
|
521 | 521 | |
|
522 | 522 | main_mod = self.shell.new_main_mod() |
|
523 | 523 | prog_ns = main_mod.__dict__ |
|
524 | 524 | prog_ns['__name__'] = name |
|
525 | 525 | |
|
526 | 526 | # Since '%run foo' emulates 'python foo.py' at the cmd line, we must |
|
527 | 527 | # set the __file__ global in the script's namespace |
|
528 | 528 | prog_ns['__file__'] = filename |
|
529 | 529 | |
|
530 | 530 | # pickle fix. See interactiveshell for an explanation. But we need to |
|
531 | 531 | # make sure that, if we overwrite __main__, we replace it at the end |
|
532 | 532 | main_mod_name = prog_ns['__name__'] |
|
533 | 533 | |
|
534 | 534 | if main_mod_name == '__main__': |
|
535 | 535 | restore_main = sys.modules['__main__'] |
|
536 | 536 | else: |
|
537 | 537 | restore_main = False |
|
538 | 538 | |
|
539 | 539 | # This needs to be undone at the end to prevent holding references to |
|
540 | 540 | # every single object ever created. |
|
541 | 541 | sys.modules[main_mod_name] = main_mod |
|
542 | 542 | |
|
543 | 543 | try: |
|
544 | 544 | stats = None |
|
545 | 545 | with self.shell.readline_no_record: |
|
546 | 546 | if 'p' in opts: |
|
547 | 547 | stats = self.prun('', None, False, opts, arg_lst, prog_ns) |
|
548 | 548 | else: |
|
549 | 549 | if 'd' in opts: |
|
550 | 550 | deb = debugger.Pdb(self.shell.colors) |
|
551 | 551 | # reset Breakpoint state, which is moronically kept |
|
552 | 552 | # in a class |
|
553 | 553 | bdb.Breakpoint.next = 1 |
|
554 | 554 | bdb.Breakpoint.bplist = {} |
|
555 | 555 | bdb.Breakpoint.bpbynumber = [None] |
|
556 | 556 | # Set an initial breakpoint to stop execution |
|
557 | 557 | maxtries = 10 |
|
558 | 558 | bp = int(opts.get('b', [1])[0]) |
|
559 | 559 | checkline = deb.checkline(filename, bp) |
|
560 | 560 | if not checkline: |
|
561 | 561 | for bp in range(bp + 1, bp + maxtries + 1): |
|
562 | 562 | if deb.checkline(filename, bp): |
|
563 | 563 | break |
|
564 | 564 | else: |
|
565 | 565 | msg = ("\nI failed to find a valid line to set " |
|
566 | 566 | "a breakpoint\n" |
|
567 | 567 | "after trying up to line: %s.\n" |
|
568 | 568 | "Please set a valid breakpoint manually " |
|
569 | 569 | "with the -b option." % bp) |
|
570 | 570 | error(msg) |
|
571 | 571 | return |
|
572 | 572 | # if we find a good linenumber, set the breakpoint |
|
573 | 573 | deb.do_break('%s:%s' % (filename, bp)) |
|
574 | 574 | # Start file run |
|
575 | 575 | print "NOTE: Enter 'c' at the", |
|
576 | 576 | print "%s prompt to start your script." % deb.prompt |
|
577 | 577 | ns = {'execfile': py3compat.execfile, 'prog_ns': prog_ns} |
|
578 | 578 | try: |
|
579 | 579 | deb.run('execfile("%s", prog_ns)' % filename, ns) |
|
580 | 580 | |
|
581 | 581 | except: |
|
582 | 582 | etype, value, tb = sys.exc_info() |
|
583 | 583 | # Skip three frames in the traceback: the %run one, |
|
584 | 584 | # one inside bdb.py, and the command-line typed by the |
|
585 | 585 | # user (run by exec in pdb itself). |
|
586 | 586 | self.shell.InteractiveTB(etype, value, tb, tb_offset=3) |
|
587 | 587 | else: |
|
588 | 588 | if runner is None: |
|
589 | 589 | runner = self.default_runner |
|
590 | 590 | if runner is None: |
|
591 | 591 | runner = self.shell.safe_execfile |
|
592 | 592 | if 't' in opts: |
|
593 | 593 | # timed execution |
|
594 | 594 | try: |
|
595 | 595 | nruns = int(opts['N'][0]) |
|
596 | 596 | if nruns < 1: |
|
597 | 597 | error('Number of runs must be >=1') |
|
598 | 598 | return |
|
599 | 599 | except (KeyError): |
|
600 | 600 | nruns = 1 |
|
601 | 601 | twall0 = time.time() |
|
602 | 602 | if nruns == 1: |
|
603 | 603 | t0 = clock2() |
|
604 | 604 | runner(filename, prog_ns, prog_ns, |
|
605 | 605 | exit_ignore=exit_ignore) |
|
606 | 606 | t1 = clock2() |
|
607 | 607 | t_usr = t1[0] - t0[0] |
|
608 | 608 | t_sys = t1[1] - t0[1] |
|
609 | 609 | print "\nIPython CPU timings (estimated):" |
|
610 | 610 | print " User : %10.2f s." % t_usr |
|
611 | 611 | print " System : %10.2f s." % t_sys |
|
612 | 612 | else: |
|
613 | 613 | runs = range(nruns) |
|
614 | 614 | t0 = clock2() |
|
615 | 615 | for nr in runs: |
|
616 | 616 | runner(filename, prog_ns, prog_ns, |
|
617 | 617 | exit_ignore=exit_ignore) |
|
618 | 618 | t1 = clock2() |
|
619 | 619 | t_usr = t1[0] - t0[0] |
|
620 | 620 | t_sys = t1[1] - t0[1] |
|
621 | 621 | print "\nIPython CPU timings (estimated):" |
|
622 | 622 | print "Total runs performed:", nruns |
|
623 | 623 | print " Times : %10.2f %10.2f" % ('Total', 'Per run') |
|
624 | 624 | print " User : %10.2f s, %10.2f s." % (t_usr, t_usr / nruns) |
|
625 | 625 | print " System : %10.2f s, %10.2f s." % (t_sys, t_sys / nruns) |
|
626 | 626 | twall1 = time.time() |
|
627 | 627 | print "Wall time: %10.2f s." % (twall1 - twall0) |
|
628 | 628 | |
|
629 | 629 | else: |
|
630 | 630 | # regular execution |
|
631 | 631 | runner(filename, prog_ns, prog_ns, exit_ignore=exit_ignore) |
|
632 | 632 | |
|
633 | 633 | if 'i' in opts: |
|
634 | 634 | self.shell.user_ns['__name__'] = __name__save |
|
635 | 635 | else: |
|
636 | 636 | # The shell MUST hold a reference to prog_ns so after %run |
|
637 | 637 | # exits, the python deletion mechanism doesn't zero it out |
|
638 | 638 | # (leaving dangling references). |
|
639 | 639 | self.shell.cache_main_mod(prog_ns, filename) |
|
640 | 640 | # update IPython interactive namespace |
|
641 | 641 | |
|
642 | 642 | # Some forms of read errors on the file may mean the |
|
643 | 643 | # __name__ key was never set; using pop we don't have to |
|
644 | 644 | # worry about a possible KeyError. |
|
645 | 645 | prog_ns.pop('__name__', None) |
|
646 | 646 | |
|
647 | 647 | self.shell.user_ns.update(prog_ns) |
|
648 | 648 | finally: |
|
649 | 649 | # It's a bit of a mystery why, but __builtins__ can change from |
|
650 | 650 | # being a module to becoming a dict missing some key data after |
|
651 | 651 | # %run. As best I can see, this is NOT something IPython is doing |
|
652 | 652 | # at all, and similar problems have been reported before: |
|
653 | 653 | # http://coding.derkeiler.com/Archive/Python/comp.lang.python/2004-10/0188.html |
|
654 | 654 | # Since this seems to be done by the interpreter itself, the best |
|
655 | 655 | # we can do is to at least restore __builtins__ for the user on |
|
656 | 656 | # exit. |
|
657 | 657 | self.shell.user_ns['__builtins__'] = builtin_mod |
|
658 | 658 | |
|
659 | 659 | # Ensure key global structures are restored |
|
660 | 660 | sys.argv = save_argv |
|
661 | 661 | if restore_main: |
|
662 | 662 | sys.modules['__main__'] = restore_main |
|
663 | 663 | else: |
|
664 | 664 | # Remove from sys.modules the reference to main_mod we'd |
|
665 | 665 | # added. Otherwise it will trap references to objects |
|
666 | 666 | # contained therein. |
|
667 | 667 | del sys.modules[main_mod_name] |
|
668 | 668 | |
|
669 | 669 | return stats |
|
670 | 670 | |
|
671 | 671 | @skip_doctest |
|
672 | 672 | @line_cell_magic |
|
673 | 673 | def timeit(self, line='', cell=None): |
|
674 | 674 | """Time execution of a Python statement or expression |
|
675 | 675 | |
|
676 | 676 | Usage, in line mode: |
|
677 | 677 | %timeit [-n<N> -r<R> [-t|-c]] statement |
|
678 | 678 | or in cell mode: |
|
679 | 679 | %%timeit [-n<N> -r<R> [-t|-c]] setup_code |
|
680 | 680 | code |
|
681 | 681 | code... |
|
682 | 682 | |
|
683 | 683 | Time execution of a Python statement or expression using the timeit |
|
684 | 684 | module. This function can be used both as a line and cell magic: |
|
685 | 685 | |
|
686 | 686 | - In line mode you can time a single-line statement (though multiple |
|
687 | 687 | ones can be chained with using semicolons). |
|
688 | 688 | |
|
689 | 689 | - In cell mode, the statement in the first line is used as setup code |
|
690 | 690 | (executed but not timed) and the body of the cell is timed. The cell |
|
691 | 691 | body has access to any variables created in the setup code. |
|
692 | 692 | |
|
693 | 693 | Options: |
|
694 | 694 | -n<N>: execute the given statement <N> times in a loop. If this value |
|
695 | 695 | is not given, a fitting value is chosen. |
|
696 | 696 | |
|
697 | 697 | -r<R>: repeat the loop iteration <R> times and take the best result. |
|
698 | 698 | Default: 3 |
|
699 | 699 | |
|
700 | 700 | -t: use time.time to measure the time, which is the default on Unix. |
|
701 | 701 | This function measures wall time. |
|
702 | 702 | |
|
703 | 703 | -c: use time.clock to measure the time, which is the default on |
|
704 | 704 | Windows and measures wall time. On Unix, resource.getrusage is used |
|
705 | 705 | instead and returns the CPU user time. |
|
706 | 706 | |
|
707 | 707 | -p<P>: use a precision of <P> digits to display the timing result. |
|
708 | 708 | Default: 3 |
|
709 | 709 | |
|
710 | 710 | |
|
711 | 711 | Examples |
|
712 | 712 | -------- |
|
713 | 713 | :: |
|
714 | 714 | |
|
715 | 715 | In [1]: %timeit pass |
|
716 | 716 | 10000000 loops, best of 3: 53.3 ns per loop |
|
717 | 717 | |
|
718 | 718 | In [2]: u = None |
|
719 | 719 | |
|
720 | 720 | In [3]: %timeit u is None |
|
721 | 721 | 10000000 loops, best of 3: 184 ns per loop |
|
722 | 722 | |
|
723 | 723 | In [4]: %timeit -r 4 u == None |
|
724 | 724 | 1000000 loops, best of 4: 242 ns per loop |
|
725 | 725 | |
|
726 | 726 | In [5]: import time |
|
727 | 727 | |
|
728 | 728 | In [6]: %timeit -n1 time.sleep(2) |
|
729 | 729 | 1 loops, best of 3: 2 s per loop |
|
730 | 730 | |
|
731 | 731 | |
|
732 | 732 | The times reported by %timeit will be slightly higher than those |
|
733 | 733 | reported by the timeit.py script when variables are accessed. This is |
|
734 | 734 | due to the fact that %timeit executes the statement in the namespace |
|
735 | 735 | of the shell, compared with timeit.py, which uses a single setup |
|
736 | 736 | statement to import function or create variables. Generally, the bias |
|
737 | 737 | does not matter as long as results from timeit.py are not mixed with |
|
738 | 738 | those from %timeit.""" |
|
739 | 739 | |
|
740 | 740 | import timeit |
|
741 | 741 | import math |
|
742 | 742 | |
|
743 | 743 | # XXX: Unfortunately the unicode 'micro' symbol can cause problems in |
|
744 | 744 | # certain terminals. Until we figure out a robust way of |
|
745 | 745 | # auto-detecting if the terminal can deal with it, use plain 'us' for |
|
746 | 746 | # microseconds. I am really NOT happy about disabling the proper |
|
747 | 747 | # 'micro' prefix, but crashing is worse... If anyone knows what the |
|
748 | 748 | # right solution for this is, I'm all ears... |
|
749 | 749 | # |
|
750 | 750 | # Note: using |
|
751 | 751 | # |
|
752 | 752 | # s = u'\xb5' |
|
753 | 753 | # s.encode(sys.getdefaultencoding()) |
|
754 | 754 | # |
|
755 | 755 | # is not sufficient, as I've seen terminals where that fails but |
|
756 | 756 | # print s |
|
757 | 757 | # |
|
758 | 758 | # succeeds |
|
759 | 759 | # |
|
760 | 760 | # See bug: https://bugs.launchpad.net/ipython/+bug/348466 |
|
761 | 761 | |
|
762 | 762 | #units = [u"s", u"ms",u'\xb5',"ns"] |
|
763 | 763 | units = [u"s", u"ms",u'us',"ns"] |
|
764 | 764 | |
|
765 | 765 | scaling = [1, 1e3, 1e6, 1e9] |
|
766 | 766 | |
|
767 | 767 | opts, stmt = self.parse_options(line,'n:r:tcp:', |
|
768 | 768 | posix=False, strict=False) |
|
769 | 769 | if stmt == "" and cell is None: |
|
770 | 770 | return |
|
771 | 771 | timefunc = timeit.default_timer |
|
772 | 772 | number = int(getattr(opts, "n", 0)) |
|
773 | 773 | repeat = int(getattr(opts, "r", timeit.default_repeat)) |
|
774 | 774 | precision = int(getattr(opts, "p", 3)) |
|
775 | 775 | if hasattr(opts, "t"): |
|
776 | 776 | timefunc = time.time |
|
777 | 777 | if hasattr(opts, "c"): |
|
778 | 778 | timefunc = clock |
|
779 | 779 | |
|
780 | 780 | timer = timeit.Timer(timer=timefunc) |
|
781 | 781 | # this code has tight coupling to the inner workings of timeit.Timer, |
|
782 | 782 | # but is there a better way to achieve that the code stmt has access |
|
783 | 783 | # to the shell namespace? |
|
784 | 784 | transform = self.shell.input_splitter.transform_cell |
|
785 | 785 | if cell is None: |
|
786 | 786 | # called as line magic |
|
787 | 787 | setup = 'pass' |
|
788 | 788 | stmt = timeit.reindent(transform(stmt), 8) |
|
789 | 789 | else: |
|
790 | 790 | setup = timeit.reindent(transform(stmt), 4) |
|
791 | 791 | stmt = timeit.reindent(transform(cell), 8) |
|
792 | 792 | |
|
793 | 793 | # From Python 3.3, this template uses new-style string formatting. |
|
794 | 794 | if sys.version_info >= (3, 3): |
|
795 | 795 | src = timeit.template.format(stmt=stmt, setup=setup) |
|
796 | 796 | else: |
|
797 | 797 | src = timeit.template % dict(stmt=stmt, setup=setup) |
|
798 | 798 | |
|
799 | 799 | # Track compilation time so it can be reported if too long |
|
800 | 800 | # Minimum time above which compilation time will be reported |
|
801 | 801 | tc_min = 0.1 |
|
802 | 802 | |
|
803 | 803 | t0 = clock() |
|
804 | 804 | code = compile(src, "<magic-timeit>", "exec") |
|
805 | 805 | tc = clock()-t0 |
|
806 | 806 | |
|
807 | 807 | ns = {} |
|
808 | 808 | exec code in self.shell.user_ns, ns |
|
809 | 809 | timer.inner = ns["inner"] |
|
810 | 810 | |
|
811 | 811 | if number == 0: |
|
812 | 812 | # determine number so that 0.2 <= total time < 2.0 |
|
813 | 813 | number = 1 |
|
814 | 814 | for i in range(1, 10): |
|
815 | 815 | if timer.timeit(number) >= 0.2: |
|
816 | 816 | break |
|
817 | 817 | number *= 10 |
|
818 | 818 | |
|
819 | 819 | best = min(timer.repeat(repeat, number)) / number |
|
820 | 820 | |
|
821 | 821 | if best > 0.0 and best < 1000.0: |
|
822 | 822 | order = min(-int(math.floor(math.log10(best)) // 3), 3) |
|
823 | 823 | elif best >= 1000.0: |
|
824 | 824 | order = 0 |
|
825 | 825 | else: |
|
826 | 826 | order = 3 |
|
827 | 827 | print u"%d loops, best of %d: %.*g %s per loop" % (number, repeat, |
|
828 | 828 | precision, |
|
829 | 829 | best * scaling[order], |
|
830 | 830 | units[order]) |
|
831 | 831 | if tc > tc_min: |
|
832 | 832 | print "Compiler time: %.2f s" % tc |
|
833 | 833 | |
|
834 | 834 | @skip_doctest |
|
835 | 835 | @needs_local_scope |
|
836 | 836 | @line_magic |
|
837 | 837 | def time(self,parameter_s, user_locals): |
|
838 | 838 | """Time execution of a Python statement or expression. |
|
839 | 839 | |
|
840 | 840 | The CPU and wall clock times are printed, and the value of the |
|
841 | 841 | expression (if any) is returned. Note that under Win32, system time |
|
842 | 842 | is always reported as 0, since it can not be measured. |
|
843 | 843 | |
|
844 | 844 | This function provides very basic timing functionality. In Python |
|
845 | 845 | 2.3, the timeit module offers more control and sophistication, so this |
|
846 | 846 | could be rewritten to use it (patches welcome). |
|
847 | 847 | |
|
848 | 848 | Examples |
|
849 | 849 | -------- |
|
850 | 850 | :: |
|
851 | 851 | |
|
852 | 852 | In [1]: time 2**128 |
|
853 | 853 | CPU times: user 0.00 s, sys: 0.00 s, total: 0.00 s |
|
854 | 854 | Wall time: 0.00 |
|
855 | 855 | Out[1]: 340282366920938463463374607431768211456L |
|
856 | 856 | |
|
857 | 857 | In [2]: n = 1000000 |
|
858 | 858 | |
|
859 | 859 | In [3]: time sum(range(n)) |
|
860 | 860 | CPU times: user 1.20 s, sys: 0.05 s, total: 1.25 s |
|
861 | 861 | Wall time: 1.37 |
|
862 | 862 | Out[3]: 499999500000L |
|
863 | 863 | |
|
864 | 864 | In [4]: time print 'hello world' |
|
865 | 865 | hello world |
|
866 | 866 | CPU times: user 0.00 s, sys: 0.00 s, total: 0.00 s |
|
867 | 867 | Wall time: 0.00 |
|
868 | 868 | |
|
869 | 869 | Note that the time needed by Python to compile the given expression |
|
870 | 870 | will be reported if it is more than 0.1s. In this example, the |
|
871 | 871 | actual exponentiation is done by Python at compilation time, so while |
|
872 | 872 | the expression can take a noticeable amount of time to compute, that |
|
873 | 873 | time is purely due to the compilation: |
|
874 | 874 | |
|
875 | 875 | In [5]: time 3**9999; |
|
876 | 876 | CPU times: user 0.00 s, sys: 0.00 s, total: 0.00 s |
|
877 | 877 | Wall time: 0.00 s |
|
878 | 878 | |
|
879 | 879 | In [6]: time 3**999999; |
|
880 | 880 | CPU times: user 0.00 s, sys: 0.00 s, total: 0.00 s |
|
881 | 881 | Wall time: 0.00 s |
|
882 | 882 | Compiler : 0.78 s |
|
883 | 883 | """ |
|
884 | 884 | |
|
885 | 885 | # fail immediately if the given expression can't be compiled |
|
886 | 886 | |
|
887 | 887 | expr = self.shell.prefilter(parameter_s,False) |
|
888 | 888 | |
|
889 | 889 | # Minimum time above which compilation time will be reported |
|
890 | 890 | tc_min = 0.1 |
|
891 | 891 | |
|
892 | 892 | try: |
|
893 | 893 | mode = 'eval' |
|
894 | 894 | t0 = clock() |
|
895 | 895 | code = compile(expr,'<timed eval>',mode) |
|
896 | 896 | tc = clock()-t0 |
|
897 | 897 | except SyntaxError: |
|
898 | 898 | mode = 'exec' |
|
899 | 899 | t0 = clock() |
|
900 | 900 | code = compile(expr,'<timed exec>',mode) |
|
901 | 901 | tc = clock()-t0 |
|
902 | 902 | # skew measurement as little as possible |
|
903 | 903 | glob = self.shell.user_ns |
|
904 | 904 | wtime = time.time |
|
905 | 905 | # time execution |
|
906 | 906 | wall_st = wtime() |
|
907 | 907 | if mode=='eval': |
|
908 | 908 | st = clock2() |
|
909 | 909 | out = eval(code, glob, user_locals) |
|
910 | 910 | end = clock2() |
|
911 | 911 | else: |
|
912 | 912 | st = clock2() |
|
913 | 913 | exec code in glob, user_locals |
|
914 | 914 | end = clock2() |
|
915 | 915 | out = None |
|
916 | 916 | wall_end = wtime() |
|
917 | 917 | # Compute actual times and report |
|
918 | 918 | wall_time = wall_end-wall_st |
|
919 | 919 | cpu_user = end[0]-st[0] |
|
920 | 920 | cpu_sys = end[1]-st[1] |
|
921 | 921 | cpu_tot = cpu_user+cpu_sys |
|
922 | 922 | print "CPU times: user %.2f s, sys: %.2f s, total: %.2f s" % \ |
|
923 | 923 | (cpu_user,cpu_sys,cpu_tot) |
|
924 | 924 | print "Wall time: %.2f s" % wall_time |
|
925 | 925 | if tc > tc_min: |
|
926 | 926 | print "Compiler : %.2f s" % tc |
|
927 | 927 | return out |
|
928 | 928 | |
|
929 | 929 | @skip_doctest |
|
930 | 930 | @line_magic |
|
931 | 931 | def macro(self, parameter_s=''): |
|
932 | 932 | """Define a macro for future re-execution. It accepts ranges of history, |
|
933 | 933 | filenames or string objects. |
|
934 | 934 | |
|
935 | 935 | Usage:\\ |
|
936 | 936 | %macro [options] name n1-n2 n3-n4 ... n5 .. n6 ... |
|
937 | 937 | |
|
938 | 938 | Options: |
|
939 | 939 | |
|
940 | 940 | -r: use 'raw' input. By default, the 'processed' history is used, |
|
941 | 941 | so that magics are loaded in their transformed version to valid |
|
942 | 942 | Python. If this option is given, the raw input as typed as the |
|
943 | 943 | command line is used instead. |
|
944 | 944 | |
|
945 | 945 | This will define a global variable called `name` which is a string |
|
946 | 946 | made of joining the slices and lines you specify (n1,n2,... numbers |
|
947 | 947 | above) from your input history into a single string. This variable |
|
948 | 948 | acts like an automatic function which re-executes those lines as if |
|
949 | 949 | you had typed them. You just type 'name' at the prompt and the code |
|
950 | 950 | executes. |
|
951 | 951 | |
|
952 | 952 | The syntax for indicating input ranges is described in %history. |
|
953 | 953 | |
|
954 | 954 | Note: as a 'hidden' feature, you can also use traditional python slice |
|
955 | 955 | notation, where N:M means numbers N through M-1. |
|
956 | 956 | |
|
957 | 957 | For example, if your history contains (%hist prints it):: |
|
958 | 958 | |
|
959 | 959 | 44: x=1 |
|
960 | 960 | 45: y=3 |
|
961 | 961 | 46: z=x+y |
|
962 | 962 | 47: print x |
|
963 | 963 | 48: a=5 |
|
964 | 964 | 49: print 'x',x,'y',y |
|
965 | 965 | |
|
966 | 966 | you can create a macro with lines 44 through 47 (included) and line 49 |
|
967 | 967 | called my_macro with:: |
|
968 | 968 | |
|
969 | 969 | In [55]: %macro my_macro 44-47 49 |
|
970 | 970 | |
|
971 | 971 | Now, typing `my_macro` (without quotes) will re-execute all this code |
|
972 | 972 | in one pass. |
|
973 | 973 | |
|
974 | 974 | You don't need to give the line-numbers in order, and any given line |
|
975 | 975 | number can appear multiple times. You can assemble macros with any |
|
976 | 976 | lines from your input history in any order. |
|
977 | 977 | |
|
978 | 978 | The macro is a simple object which holds its value in an attribute, |
|
979 | 979 | but IPython's display system checks for macros and executes them as |
|
980 | 980 | code instead of printing them when you type their name. |
|
981 | 981 | |
|
982 | 982 | You can view a macro's contents by explicitly printing it with:: |
|
983 | 983 | |
|
984 | 984 | print macro_name |
|
985 | 985 | |
|
986 | 986 | """ |
|
987 | 987 | opts,args = self.parse_options(parameter_s,'r',mode='list') |
|
988 | 988 | if not args: # List existing macros |
|
989 | 989 | return sorted(k for k,v in self.shell.user_ns.iteritems() if\ |
|
990 | 990 | isinstance(v, Macro)) |
|
991 | 991 | if len(args) == 1: |
|
992 | 992 | raise UsageError( |
|
993 | 993 | "%macro insufficient args; usage '%macro name n1-n2 n3-4...") |
|
994 | 994 | name, codefrom = args[0], " ".join(args[1:]) |
|
995 | 995 | |
|
996 | 996 | #print 'rng',ranges # dbg |
|
997 | 997 | try: |
|
998 | 998 | lines = self.shell.find_user_code(codefrom, 'r' in opts) |
|
999 | 999 | except (ValueError, TypeError) as e: |
|
1000 | 1000 | print e.args[0] |
|
1001 | 1001 | return |
|
1002 | 1002 | macro = Macro(lines) |
|
1003 | 1003 | self.shell.define_macro(name, macro) |
|
1004 | 1004 | print 'Macro `%s` created. To execute, type its name (without quotes).' % name |
|
1005 | 1005 | print '=== Macro contents: ===' |
|
1006 | 1006 | print macro, |
|
1007 | 1007 | |
|
1008 | 1008 | @magic_arguments.magic_arguments() |
|
1009 | 1009 | @magic_arguments.argument('output', type=str, default='', nargs='?', |
|
1010 | 1010 | help="""The name of the variable in which to store output. |
|
1011 | 1011 | This is a utils.io.CapturedIO object with stdout/err attributes |
|
1012 | 1012 | for the text of the captured output. |
|
1013 | 1013 | |
|
1014 | 1014 | CapturedOutput also has a show() method for displaying the output, |
|
1015 | 1015 | and __call__ as well, so you can use that to quickly display the |
|
1016 | 1016 | output. |
|
1017 | 1017 | |
|
1018 | 1018 | If unspecified, captured output is discarded. |
|
1019 | 1019 | """ |
|
1020 | 1020 | ) |
|
1021 | 1021 | @magic_arguments.argument('--no-stderr', action="store_true", |
|
1022 | 1022 | help="""Don't capture stderr.""" |
|
1023 | 1023 | ) |
|
1024 | 1024 | @magic_arguments.argument('--no-stdout', action="store_true", |
|
1025 | 1025 | help="""Don't capture stdout.""" |
|
1026 | 1026 | ) |
|
1027 | 1027 | @cell_magic |
|
1028 | 1028 | def capture(self, line, cell): |
|
1029 | 1029 | """run the cell, capturing stdout/err""" |
|
1030 | 1030 | args = magic_arguments.parse_argstring(self.capture, line) |
|
1031 | 1031 | out = not args.no_stdout |
|
1032 | 1032 | err = not args.no_stderr |
|
1033 | 1033 | with capture_output(out, err) as io: |
|
1034 | 1034 | self.shell.run_cell(cell) |
|
1035 | 1035 | if args.output: |
|
1036 | 1036 | self.shell.user_ns[args.output] = io |
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