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Matthias Bussonnier -
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1 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
1 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
2 """Tools for handling LaTeX."""
2 """Tools for handling LaTeX."""
3
3
4 # Copyright (c) IPython Development Team.
4 # Copyright (c) IPython Development Team.
5 # Distributed under the terms of the Modified BSD License.
5 # Distributed under the terms of the Modified BSD License.
6
6
7 from io import BytesIO, open
7 from io import BytesIO, open
8 import os
8 import os
9 import tempfile
9 import tempfile
10 import shutil
10 import shutil
11 import subprocess
11 import subprocess
12 from base64 import encodebytes
12 from base64 import encodebytes
13 import textwrap
13 import textwrap
14
14
15 from pathlib import Path, PurePath
15 from pathlib import Path, PurePath
16
16
17 from IPython.utils.process import find_cmd, FindCmdError
17 from IPython.utils.process import find_cmd, FindCmdError
18 from traitlets.config import get_config
18 from traitlets.config import get_config
19 from traitlets.config.configurable import SingletonConfigurable
19 from traitlets.config.configurable import SingletonConfigurable
20 from traitlets import List, Bool, Unicode
20 from traitlets import List, Bool, Unicode
21 from IPython.utils.py3compat import cast_unicode
21 from IPython.utils.py3compat import cast_unicode
22
22
23
23
24 class LaTeXTool(SingletonConfigurable):
24 class LaTeXTool(SingletonConfigurable):
25 """An object to store configuration of the LaTeX tool."""
25 """An object to store configuration of the LaTeX tool."""
26 def _config_default(self):
26 def _config_default(self):
27 return get_config()
27 return get_config()
28
28
29 backends = List(
29 backends = List(
30 Unicode(), ["matplotlib", "dvipng"],
30 Unicode(), ["matplotlib", "dvipng"],
31 help="Preferred backend to draw LaTeX math equations. "
31 help="Preferred backend to draw LaTeX math equations. "
32 "Backends in the list are checked one by one and the first "
32 "Backends in the list are checked one by one and the first "
33 "usable one is used. Note that `matplotlib` backend "
33 "usable one is used. Note that `matplotlib` backend "
34 "is usable only for inline style equations. To draw "
34 "is usable only for inline style equations. To draw "
35 "display style equations, `dvipng` backend must be specified. ",
35 "display style equations, `dvipng` backend must be specified. ",
36 # It is a List instead of Enum, to make configuration more
36 # It is a List instead of Enum, to make configuration more
37 # flexible. For example, to use matplotlib mainly but dvipng
37 # flexible. For example, to use matplotlib mainly but dvipng
38 # for display style, the default ["matplotlib", "dvipng"] can
38 # for display style, the default ["matplotlib", "dvipng"] can
39 # be used. To NOT use dvipng so that other repr such as
39 # be used. To NOT use dvipng so that other repr such as
40 # unicode pretty printing is used, you can use ["matplotlib"].
40 # unicode pretty printing is used, you can use ["matplotlib"].
41 ).tag(config=True)
41 ).tag(config=True)
42
42
43 use_breqn = Bool(
43 use_breqn = Bool(
44 True,
44 True,
45 help="Use breqn.sty to automatically break long equations. "
45 help="Use breqn.sty to automatically break long equations. "
46 "This configuration takes effect only for dvipng backend.",
46 "This configuration takes effect only for dvipng backend.",
47 ).tag(config=True)
47 ).tag(config=True)
48
48
49 packages = List(
49 packages = List(
50 ['amsmath', 'amsthm', 'amssymb', 'bm'],
50 ['amsmath', 'amsthm', 'amssymb', 'bm'],
51 help="A list of packages to use for dvipng backend. "
51 help="A list of packages to use for dvipng backend. "
52 "'breqn' will be automatically appended when use_breqn=True.",
52 "'breqn' will be automatically appended when use_breqn=True.",
53 ).tag(config=True)
53 ).tag(config=True)
54
54
55 preamble = Unicode(
55 preamble = Unicode(
56 help="Additional preamble to use when generating LaTeX source "
56 help="Additional preamble to use when generating LaTeX source "
57 "for dvipng backend.",
57 "for dvipng backend.",
58 ).tag(config=True)
58 ).tag(config=True)
59
59
60
60
61 def latex_to_png(s, encode=False, backend=None, wrap=False, color='Black',
61 def latex_to_png(s, encode=False, backend=None, wrap=False, color='Black',
62 scale=1.0):
62 scale=1.0):
63 """Render a LaTeX string to PNG.
63 """Render a LaTeX string to PNG.
64
64
65 Parameters
65 Parameters
66 ----------
66 ----------
67 s : str
67 s : str
68 The raw string containing valid inline LaTeX.
68 The raw string containing valid inline LaTeX.
69 encode : bool, optional
69 encode : bool, optional
70 Should the PNG data base64 encoded to make it JSON'able.
70 Should the PNG data base64 encoded to make it JSON'able.
71 backend : {matplotlib, dvipng}
71 backend : {matplotlib, dvipng}
72 Backend for producing PNG data.
72 Backend for producing PNG data.
73 wrap : bool
73 wrap : bool
74 If true, Automatically wrap `s` as a LaTeX equation.
74 If true, Automatically wrap `s` as a LaTeX equation.
75 color : string
75 color : string
76 Foreground color name among dvipsnames, e.g. 'Maroon' or on hex RGB
76 Foreground color name among dvipsnames, e.g. 'Maroon' or on hex RGB
77 format, e.g. '#AA20FA'.
77 format, e.g. '#AA20FA'.
78 scale : float
78 scale : float
79 Scale factor for the resulting PNG.
79 Scale factor for the resulting PNG.
80
80
81 None is returned when the backend cannot be used.
81 None is returned when the backend cannot be used.
82
82
83 """
83 """
84 s = cast_unicode(s)
84 s = cast_unicode(s)
85 allowed_backends = LaTeXTool.instance().backends
85 allowed_backends = LaTeXTool.instance().backends
86 if backend is None:
86 if backend is None:
87 backend = allowed_backends[0]
87 backend = allowed_backends[0]
88 if backend not in allowed_backends:
88 if backend not in allowed_backends:
89 return None
89 return None
90 if backend == 'matplotlib':
90 if backend == 'matplotlib':
91 f = latex_to_png_mpl
91 f = latex_to_png_mpl
92 elif backend == 'dvipng':
92 elif backend == 'dvipng':
93 f = latex_to_png_dvipng
93 f = latex_to_png_dvipng
94 if color.startswith('#'):
94 if color.startswith('#'):
95 # Convert hex RGB color to LaTeX RGB color.
95 # Convert hex RGB color to LaTeX RGB color.
96 if len(color) == 7:
96 if len(color) == 7:
97 try:
97 try:
98 color = "RGB {}".format(" ".join([str(int(x, 16)) for x in
98 color = "RGB {}".format(" ".join([str(int(x, 16)) for x in
99 textwrap.wrap(color[1:], 2)]))
99 textwrap.wrap(color[1:], 2)]))
100 except ValueError as e:
100 except ValueError as e:
101 raise ValueError('Invalid color specification {}.'.format(color)) from e
101 raise ValueError('Invalid color specification {}.'.format(color)) from e
102 else:
102 else:
103 raise ValueError('Invalid color specification {}.'.format(color))
103 raise ValueError('Invalid color specification {}.'.format(color))
104 else:
104 else:
105 raise ValueError('No such backend {0}'.format(backend))
105 raise ValueError('No such backend {0}'.format(backend))
106 bin_data = f(s, wrap, color, scale)
106 bin_data = f(s, wrap, color, scale)
107 if encode and bin_data:
107 if encode and bin_data:
108 bin_data = encodebytes(bin_data)
108 bin_data = encodebytes(bin_data)
109 return bin_data
109 return bin_data
110
110
111
111
112 def latex_to_png_mpl(s, wrap, color='Black', scale=1.0):
112 def latex_to_png_mpl(s, wrap, color='Black', scale=1.0):
113 try:
113 try:
114 from matplotlib import mathtext
114 from matplotlib import mathtext
115 from pyparsing import ParseFatalException
115 from pyparsing import ParseFatalException
116 except ImportError:
116 except ImportError:
117 return None
117 return None
118
118
119 # mpl mathtext doesn't support display math, force inline
119 # mpl mathtext doesn't support display math, force inline
120 s = s.replace('$$', '$')
120 s = s.replace('$$', '$')
121 if wrap:
121 if wrap:
122 s = u'${0}$'.format(s)
122 s = u'${0}$'.format(s)
123
123
124 try:
124 try:
125 mt = mathtext.MathTextParser('bitmap')
125 mt = mathtext.MathTextParser('bitmap')
126 f = BytesIO()
126 f = BytesIO()
127 dpi = 120*scale
127 dpi = 120*scale
128 mt.to_png(f, s, fontsize=12, dpi=dpi, color=color)
128 mt.to_png(f, s, fontsize=12, dpi=dpi, color=color)
129 return f.getvalue()
129 return f.getvalue()
130 except (ValueError, RuntimeError, ParseFatalException):
130 except (ValueError, RuntimeError, ParseFatalException):
131 return None
131 return None
132
132
133
133
134 def latex_to_png_dvipng(s, wrap, color='Black', scale=1.0):
134 def latex_to_png_dvipng(s, wrap, color='Black', scale=1.0):
135 try:
135 try:
136 find_cmd('latex')
136 find_cmd('latex')
137 find_cmd('dvipng')
137 find_cmd('dvipng')
138 except FindCmdError:
138 except FindCmdError:
139 return None
139 return None
140 try:
140 try:
141 workdir = PurePath(tempfile.mkdtemp())
141 workdir = PurePath(tempfile.mkdtemp())
142 tmpfile = workdir.joinpath("tmp.tex")
142 tmpfile = workdir.joinpath("tmp.tex")
143 dvifile = workdir.joinpath("tmp.dvi")
143 dvifile = workdir.joinpath("tmp.dvi")
144 outfile = workdir.joinpath("tmp.png")
144 outfile = workdir.joinpath("tmp.png")
145
145
146 with tmpfile.open("w", encoding='utf8') as f:
146 with tmpfile.open("w", encoding="utf8") as f:
147 f.writelines(genelatex(s, wrap))
147 f.writelines(genelatex(s, wrap))
148
148
149 with open(os.devnull, 'wb') as devnull:
149 with open(os.devnull, 'wb') as devnull:
150 subprocess.check_call(
150 subprocess.check_call(
151 ["latex", "-halt-on-error", "-interaction", "batchmode", tmpfile],
151 ["latex", "-halt-on-error", "-interaction", "batchmode", tmpfile],
152 cwd=workdir, stdout=devnull, stderr=devnull)
152 cwd=workdir, stdout=devnull, stderr=devnull)
153
153
154 resolution = round(150*scale)
154 resolution = round(150*scale)
155 subprocess.check_call(
155 subprocess.check_call(
156 ["dvipng", "-T", "tight", "-D", str(resolution), "-z", "9",
156 ["dvipng", "-T", "tight", "-D", str(resolution), "-z", "9",
157 "-bg", "transparent", "-o", outfile, dvifile, "-fg", color],
157 "-bg", "transparent", "-o", outfile, dvifile, "-fg", color],
158 cwd=workdir, stdout=devnull, stderr=devnull)
158 cwd=workdir, stdout=devnull, stderr=devnull)
159
159
160 with outfile.open("rb") as f:
160 with outfile.open("rb") as f:
161 return f.read()
161 return f.read()
162 except subprocess.CalledProcessError:
162 except subprocess.CalledProcessError:
163 return None
163 return None
164 finally:
164 finally:
165 shutil.rmtree(workdir)
165 shutil.rmtree(workdir)
166
166
167
167
168 def kpsewhich(filename):
168 def kpsewhich(filename):
169 """Invoke kpsewhich command with an argument `filename`."""
169 """Invoke kpsewhich command with an argument `filename`."""
170 try:
170 try:
171 find_cmd("kpsewhich")
171 find_cmd("kpsewhich")
172 proc = subprocess.Popen(
172 proc = subprocess.Popen(
173 ["kpsewhich", filename],
173 ["kpsewhich", filename],
174 stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
174 stdout=subprocess.PIPE, stderr=subprocess.PIPE)
175 (stdout, stderr) = proc.communicate()
175 (stdout, stderr) = proc.communicate()
176 return stdout.strip().decode('utf8', 'replace')
176 return stdout.strip().decode('utf8', 'replace')
177 except FindCmdError:
177 except FindCmdError:
178 pass
178 pass
179
179
180
180
181 def genelatex(body, wrap):
181 def genelatex(body, wrap):
182 """Generate LaTeX document for dvipng backend."""
182 """Generate LaTeX document for dvipng backend."""
183 lt = LaTeXTool.instance()
183 lt = LaTeXTool.instance()
184 breqn = wrap and lt.use_breqn and kpsewhich("breqn.sty")
184 breqn = wrap and lt.use_breqn and kpsewhich("breqn.sty")
185 yield r'\documentclass{article}'
185 yield r'\documentclass{article}'
186 packages = lt.packages
186 packages = lt.packages
187 if breqn:
187 if breqn:
188 packages = packages + ['breqn']
188 packages = packages + ['breqn']
189 for pack in packages:
189 for pack in packages:
190 yield r'\usepackage{{{0}}}'.format(pack)
190 yield r'\usepackage{{{0}}}'.format(pack)
191 yield r'\pagestyle{empty}'
191 yield r'\pagestyle{empty}'
192 if lt.preamble:
192 if lt.preamble:
193 yield lt.preamble
193 yield lt.preamble
194 yield r'\begin{document}'
194 yield r'\begin{document}'
195 if breqn:
195 if breqn:
196 yield r'\begin{dmath*}'
196 yield r'\begin{dmath*}'
197 yield body
197 yield body
198 yield r'\end{dmath*}'
198 yield r'\end{dmath*}'
199 elif wrap:
199 elif wrap:
200 yield u'$${0}$$'.format(body)
200 yield u'$${0}$$'.format(body)
201 else:
201 else:
202 yield body
202 yield body
203 yield u'\\end{document}'
203 yield u'\\end{document}'
204
204
205
205
206 _data_uri_template_png = u"""<img src="data:image/png;base64,%s" alt=%s />"""
206 _data_uri_template_png = u"""<img src="data:image/png;base64,%s" alt=%s />"""
207
207
208 def latex_to_html(s, alt='image'):
208 def latex_to_html(s, alt='image'):
209 """Render LaTeX to HTML with embedded PNG data using data URIs.
209 """Render LaTeX to HTML with embedded PNG data using data URIs.
210
210
211 Parameters
211 Parameters
212 ----------
212 ----------
213 s : str
213 s : str
214 The raw string containing valid inline LateX.
214 The raw string containing valid inline LateX.
215 alt : str
215 alt : str
216 The alt text to use for the HTML.
216 The alt text to use for the HTML.
217 """
217 """
218 base64_data = latex_to_png(s, encode=True).decode('ascii')
218 base64_data = latex_to_png(s, encode=True).decode('ascii')
219 if base64_data:
219 if base64_data:
220 return _data_uri_template_png % (base64_data, alt)
220 return _data_uri_template_png % (base64_data, alt)
221
221
222
222
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