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# encoding: utf-8
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"""
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System command aliases.
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Authors:
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* Fernando Perez
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* Brian Granger
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"""
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#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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# Copyright (C) 2008-2011 The IPython Development Team
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#
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# Distributed under the terms of the BSD License.
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#
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# The full license is in the file COPYING.txt, distributed with this software.
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#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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# Imports
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#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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import __builtin__
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import keyword
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import os
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import re
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import sys
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from IPython.config.configurable import Configurable
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from IPython.core.splitinput import split_user_input
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from IPython.utils.traitlets import List, Instance
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from IPython.utils.warn import warn, error
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#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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# Utilities
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#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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# This is used as the pattern for calls to split_user_input.
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shell_line_split = re.compile(r'^(\s*)()(\S+)(.*$)')
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def default_aliases():
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"""Return list of shell aliases to auto-define.
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"""
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# Note: the aliases defined here should be safe to use on a kernel
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# regardless of what frontend it is attached to. Frontends that use a
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# kernel in-process can define additional aliases that will only work in
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# their case. For example, things like 'less' or 'clear' that manipulate
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# the terminal should NOT be declared here, as they will only work if the
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# kernel is running inside a true terminal, and not over the network.
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if os.name == 'posix':
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default_aliases = [('mkdir', 'mkdir'), ('rmdir', 'rmdir'),
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('mv', 'mv -i'), ('rm', 'rm -i'), ('cp', 'cp -i'),
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('cat', 'cat'),
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]
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# Useful set of ls aliases. The GNU and BSD options are a little
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# different, so we make aliases that provide as similar as possible
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# behavior in ipython, by passing the right flags for each platform
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if sys.platform.startswith('linux'):
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ls_aliases = [('ls', 'ls -F --color'),
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# long ls
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('ll', 'ls -F -o --color'),
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# ls normal files only
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('lf', 'ls -F -o --color %l | grep ^-'),
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# ls symbolic links
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('lk', 'ls -F -o --color %l | grep ^l'),
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# directories or links to directories,
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('ldir', 'ls -F -o --color %l | grep /$'),
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# things which are executable
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('lx', 'ls -F -o --color %l | grep ^-..x'),
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]
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else:
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# BSD, OSX, etc.
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ls_aliases = [('ls', 'ls -F -G'),
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# long ls
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('ll', 'ls -F -l -G'),
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# ls normal files only
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('lf', 'ls -F -l -G %l | grep ^-'),
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# ls symbolic links
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('lk', 'ls -F -l -G %l | grep ^l'),
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# directories or links to directories,
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('ldir', 'ls -F -G -l %l | grep /$'),
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# things which are executable
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('lx', 'ls -F -l -G %l | grep ^-..x'),
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]
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default_aliases = default_aliases + ls_aliases
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elif os.name in ['nt', 'dos']:
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default_aliases = [('ls', 'dir /on'),
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('ddir', 'dir /ad /on'), ('ldir', 'dir /ad /on'),
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('mkdir', 'mkdir'), ('rmdir', 'rmdir'),
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('echo', 'echo'), ('ren', 'ren'), ('copy', 'copy'),
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]
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else:
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default_aliases = []
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return default_aliases
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class AliasError(Exception):
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pass
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class InvalidAliasError(AliasError):
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pass
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#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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# Main AliasManager class
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#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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class AliasManager(Configurable):
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default_aliases = List(default_aliases(), config=True)
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user_aliases = List(default_value=[], config=True)
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shell = Instance('IPython.core.interactiveshell.InteractiveShellABC')
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def __init__(self, shell=None, **kwargs):
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super(AliasManager, self).__init__(shell=shell, **kwargs)
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self.alias_table = {}
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self.exclude_aliases()
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self.init_aliases()
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def __contains__(self, name):
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return name in self.alias_table
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@property
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def aliases(self):
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return [(item[0], item[1][1]) for item in self.alias_table.iteritems()]
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def exclude_aliases(self):
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# set of things NOT to alias (keywords, builtins and some magics)
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no_alias = set(['cd','popd','pushd','dhist','alias','unalias'])
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no_alias.update(set(keyword.kwlist))
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no_alias.update(set(__builtin__.__dict__.keys()))
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self.no_alias = no_alias
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def init_aliases(self):
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# Load default aliases
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for name, cmd in self.default_aliases:
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self.soft_define_alias(name, cmd)
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# Load user aliases
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for name, cmd in self.user_aliases:
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self.soft_define_alias(name, cmd)
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def clear_aliases(self):
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self.alias_table.clear()
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def soft_define_alias(self, name, cmd):
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"""Define an alias, but don't raise on an AliasError."""
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try:
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self.define_alias(name, cmd)
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except AliasError as e:
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error("Invalid alias: %s" % e)
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def define_alias(self, name, cmd):
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"""Define a new alias after validating it.
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This will raise an :exc:`AliasError` if there are validation
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problems.
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"""
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nargs = self.validate_alias(name, cmd)
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self.alias_table[name] = (nargs, cmd)
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def undefine_alias(self, name):
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if name in self.alias_table:
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del self.alias_table[name]
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def validate_alias(self, name, cmd):
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"""Validate an alias and return the its number of arguments."""
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if name in self.no_alias:
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raise InvalidAliasError("The name %s can't be aliased "
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"because it is a keyword or builtin." % name)
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if not (isinstance(cmd, basestring)):
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raise InvalidAliasError("An alias command must be a string, "
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"got: %r" % cmd)
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nargs = cmd.count('%s')
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if nargs>0 and cmd.find('%l')>=0:
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raise InvalidAliasError('The %s and %l specifiers are mutually '
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'exclusive in alias definitions.')
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return nargs
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def call_alias(self, alias, rest=''):
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"""Call an alias given its name and the rest of the line."""
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cmd = self.transform_alias(alias, rest)
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try:
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self.shell.system(cmd)
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except:
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self.shell.showtraceback()
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def transform_alias(self, alias,rest=''):
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"""Transform alias to system command string."""
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nargs, cmd = self.alias_table[alias]
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if ' ' in cmd and os.path.isfile(cmd):
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cmd = '"%s"' % cmd
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# Expand the %l special to be the user's input line
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if cmd.find('%l') >= 0:
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cmd = cmd.replace('%l', rest)
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rest = ''
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if nargs==0:
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# Simple, argument-less aliases
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cmd = '%s %s' % (cmd, rest)
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else:
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# Handle aliases with positional arguments
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args = rest.split(None, nargs)
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if len(args) < nargs:
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raise AliasError('Alias <%s> requires %s arguments, %s given.' %
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(alias, nargs, len(args)))
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cmd = '%s %s' % (cmd % tuple(args[:nargs]),' '.join(args[nargs:]))
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return cmd
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def expand_alias(self, line):
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""" Expand an alias in the command line
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Returns the provided command line, possibly with the first word
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(command) translated according to alias expansion rules.
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[ipython]|16> _ip.expand_aliases("np myfile.txt")
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<16> 'q:/opt/np/notepad++.exe myfile.txt'
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"""
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pre,_,fn,rest = split_user_input(line)
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res = pre + self.expand_aliases(fn, rest)
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return res
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def expand_aliases(self, fn, rest):
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"""Expand multiple levels of aliases:
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if:
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alias foo bar /tmp
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alias baz foo
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then:
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baz huhhahhei -> bar /tmp huhhahhei
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"""
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line = fn + " " + rest
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done = set()
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while 1:
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pre,_,fn,rest = split_user_input(line, shell_line_split)
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if fn in self.alias_table:
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if fn in done:
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warn("Cyclic alias definition, repeated '%s'" % fn)
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return ""
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done.add(fn)
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l2 = self.transform_alias(fn, rest)
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if l2 == line:
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break
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# ls -> ls -F should not recurse forever
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if l2.split(None,1)[0] == line.split(None,1)[0]:
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line = l2
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break
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line = l2
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else:
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break
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return line
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