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# coding: utf-8
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"""A tornado based IPython notebook server.
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Authors:
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* Brian Granger
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"""
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#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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# Copyright (C) 2008-2011 The IPython Development Team
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#
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# Distributed under the terms of the BSD License. The full license is in
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# the file COPYING, distributed as part of this software.
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#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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# Imports
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#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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# stdlib
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import errno
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import logging
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import os
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import random
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import re
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import select
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import signal
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import socket
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import sys
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import threading
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import time
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import uuid
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import webbrowser
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# Third party
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import zmq
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from jinja2 import Environment, FileSystemLoader
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# Install the pyzmq ioloop. This has to be done before anything else from
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# tornado is imported.
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from zmq.eventloop import ioloop
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ioloop.install()
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from tornado import httpserver
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from tornado import web
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# Our own libraries
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from .kernelmanager import MappingKernelManager
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from .handlers import (LoginHandler, LogoutHandler,
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ProjectDashboardHandler, NewHandler, NamedNotebookHandler,
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MainKernelHandler, KernelHandler, KernelActionHandler, IOPubHandler,
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ShellHandler, NotebookRootHandler, NotebookHandler, NotebookCopyHandler,
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RSTHandler, AuthenticatedFileHandler, PrintNotebookHandler,
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MainClusterHandler, ClusterProfileHandler, ClusterActionHandler,
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FileFindHandler,
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)
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from .nbmanager import NotebookManager
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from .filenbmanager import FileNotebookManager
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from .clustermanager import ClusterManager
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from IPython.config.application import catch_config_error, boolean_flag
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from IPython.core.application import BaseIPythonApplication
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from IPython.core.profiledir import ProfileDir
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from IPython.frontend.consoleapp import IPythonConsoleApp
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from IPython.kernel import swallow_argv
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from IPython.kernel.zmq.session import Session, default_secure
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from IPython.kernel.zmq.zmqshell import ZMQInteractiveShell
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from IPython.kernel.zmq.kernelapp import (
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kernel_flags,
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kernel_aliases,
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IPKernelApp
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)
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from IPython.utils.importstring import import_item
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from IPython.utils.localinterfaces import LOCALHOST
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from IPython.utils.traitlets import (
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Dict, Unicode, Integer, List, Enum, Bool,
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DottedObjectName
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)
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from IPython.utils import py3compat
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from IPython.utils.path import filefind
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#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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# Module globals
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#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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_kernel_id_regex = r"(?P<kernel_id>\w+-\w+-\w+-\w+-\w+)"
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_kernel_action_regex = r"(?P<action>restart|interrupt)"
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_notebook_id_regex = r"(?P<notebook_id>\w+-\w+-\w+-\w+-\w+)"
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_profile_regex = r"(?P<profile>[^\/]+)" # there is almost no text that is invalid
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_cluster_action_regex = r"(?P<action>start|stop)"
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_examples = """
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ipython notebook # start the notebook
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ipython notebook --profile=sympy # use the sympy profile
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ipython notebook --pylab=inline # pylab in inline plotting mode
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ipython notebook --certfile=mycert.pem # use SSL/TLS certificate
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ipython notebook --port=5555 --ip=* # Listen on port 5555, all interfaces
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"""
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# Packagers: modify this line if you store the notebook static files elsewhere
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DEFAULT_STATIC_FILES_PATH = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "static")
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#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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# Helper functions
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#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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def url_path_join(a,b):
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if a.endswith('/') and b.startswith('/'):
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return a[:-1]+b
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else:
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return a+b
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def random_ports(port, n):
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"""Generate a list of n random ports near the given port.
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The first 5 ports will be sequential, and the remaining n-5 will be
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randomly selected in the range [port-2*n, port+2*n].
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"""
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for i in range(min(5, n)):
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yield port + i
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for i in range(n-5):
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yield port + random.randint(-2*n, 2*n)
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#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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# The Tornado web application
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#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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class NotebookWebApplication(web.Application):
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def __init__(self, ipython_app, kernel_manager, notebook_manager,
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cluster_manager, log,
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base_project_url, settings_overrides):
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handlers = [
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(r"/", ProjectDashboardHandler),
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(r"/login", LoginHandler),
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(r"/logout", LogoutHandler),
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(r"/new", NewHandler),
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(r"/%s" % _notebook_id_regex, NamedNotebookHandler),
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(r"/%s/copy" % _notebook_id_regex, NotebookCopyHandler),
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(r"/%s/print" % _notebook_id_regex, PrintNotebookHandler),
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(r"/kernels", MainKernelHandler),
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(r"/kernels/%s" % _kernel_id_regex, KernelHandler),
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(r"/kernels/%s/%s" % (_kernel_id_regex, _kernel_action_regex), KernelActionHandler),
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(r"/kernels/%s/iopub" % _kernel_id_regex, IOPubHandler),
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(r"/kernels/%s/shell" % _kernel_id_regex, ShellHandler),
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(r"/notebooks", NotebookRootHandler),
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(r"/notebooks/%s" % _notebook_id_regex, NotebookHandler),
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(r"/rstservice/render", RSTHandler),
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(r"/files/(.*)", AuthenticatedFileHandler, {'path' : notebook_manager.notebook_dir}),
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(r"/clusters", MainClusterHandler),
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(r"/clusters/%s/%s" % (_profile_regex, _cluster_action_regex), ClusterActionHandler),
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(r"/clusters/%s" % _profile_regex, ClusterProfileHandler),
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]
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# Python < 2.6.5 doesn't accept unicode keys in f(**kwargs), and
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# base_project_url will always be unicode, which will in turn
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# make the patterns unicode, and ultimately result in unicode
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# keys in kwargs to handler._execute(**kwargs) in tornado.
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# This enforces that base_project_url be ascii in that situation.
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#
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# Note that the URLs these patterns check against are escaped,
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# and thus guaranteed to be ASCII: 'héllo' is really 'h%C3%A9llo'.
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base_project_url = py3compat.unicode_to_str(base_project_url, 'ascii')
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settings = dict(
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template_path=os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "templates"),
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static_path=ipython_app.static_file_path,
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static_handler_class = FileFindHandler,
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static_url_prefix = url_path_join(base_project_url,'/static/'),
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cookie_secret=os.urandom(1024),
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login_url=url_path_join(base_project_url,'/login'),
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cookie_name='username-%s' % uuid.uuid4(),
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)
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# allow custom overrides for the tornado web app.
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settings.update(settings_overrides)
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# prepend base_project_url onto the patterns that we match
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new_handlers = []
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for handler in handlers:
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pattern = url_path_join(base_project_url, handler[0])
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new_handler = tuple([pattern]+list(handler[1:]))
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new_handlers.append( new_handler )
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super(NotebookWebApplication, self).__init__(new_handlers, **settings)
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self.kernel_manager = kernel_manager
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self.notebook_manager = notebook_manager
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self.cluster_manager = cluster_manager
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self.ipython_app = ipython_app
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self.read_only = self.ipython_app.read_only
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self.config = self.ipython_app.config
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self.use_less = self.ipython_app.use_less
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self.log = log
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self.jinja2_env = Environment(loader=FileSystemLoader(os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "templates")))
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#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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# Aliases and Flags
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#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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flags = dict(kernel_flags)
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flags['no-browser']=(
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{'NotebookApp' : {'open_browser' : False}},
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"Don't open the notebook in a browser after startup."
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)
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flags['no-mathjax']=(
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{'NotebookApp' : {'enable_mathjax' : False}},
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"""Disable MathJax
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MathJax is the javascript library IPython uses to render math/LaTeX. It is
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very large, so you may want to disable it if you have a slow internet
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connection, or for offline use of the notebook.
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When disabled, equations etc. will appear as their untransformed TeX source.
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"""
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)
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flags['read-only'] = (
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{'NotebookApp' : {'read_only' : True}},
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"""Allow read-only access to notebooks.
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When using a password to protect the notebook server, this flag
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allows unauthenticated clients to view the notebook list, and
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individual notebooks, but not edit them, start kernels, or run
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code.
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If no password is set, the server will be entirely read-only.
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"""
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)
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# Add notebook manager flags
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flags.update(boolean_flag('script', 'FileNotebookManager.save_script',
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'Auto-save a .py script everytime the .ipynb notebook is saved',
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'Do not auto-save .py scripts for every notebook'))
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# the flags that are specific to the frontend
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# these must be scrubbed before being passed to the kernel,
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# or it will raise an error on unrecognized flags
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notebook_flags = ['no-browser', 'no-mathjax', 'read-only', 'script', 'no-script']
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aliases = dict(kernel_aliases)
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aliases.update({
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'ip': 'NotebookApp.ip',
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'port': 'NotebookApp.port',
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'port-retries': 'NotebookApp.port_retries',
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'transport': 'KernelManager.transport',
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'keyfile': 'NotebookApp.keyfile',
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'certfile': 'NotebookApp.certfile',
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'notebook-dir': 'NotebookManager.notebook_dir',
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'browser': 'NotebookApp.browser',
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})
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# remove ipkernel flags that are singletons, and don't make sense in
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# multi-kernel evironment:
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aliases.pop('f', None)
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notebook_aliases = [u'port', u'port-retries', u'ip', u'keyfile', u'certfile',
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u'notebook-dir']
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#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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# NotebookApp
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#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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class NotebookApp(BaseIPythonApplication):
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name = 'ipython-notebook'
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default_config_file_name='ipython_notebook_config.py'
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description = """
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The IPython HTML Notebook.
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This launches a Tornado based HTML Notebook Server that serves up an
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HTML5/Javascript Notebook client.
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"""
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examples = _examples
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classes = IPythonConsoleApp.classes + [MappingKernelManager, NotebookManager,
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FileNotebookManager]
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flags = Dict(flags)
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aliases = Dict(aliases)
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kernel_argv = List(Unicode)
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log_level = Enum((0,10,20,30,40,50,'DEBUG','INFO','WARN','ERROR','CRITICAL'),
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default_value=logging.INFO,
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config=True,
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help="Set the log level by value or name.")
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# create requested profiles by default, if they don't exist:
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auto_create = Bool(True)
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# file to be opened in the notebook server
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file_to_run = Unicode('')
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# Network related information.
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ip = Unicode(LOCALHOST, config=True,
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help="The IP address the notebook server will listen on."
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)
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def _ip_changed(self, name, old, new):
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if new == u'*': self.ip = u''
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port = Integer(8888, config=True,
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help="The port the notebook server will listen on."
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)
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port_retries = Integer(50, config=True,
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help="The number of additional ports to try if the specified port is not available."
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)
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certfile = Unicode(u'', config=True,
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help="""The full path to an SSL/TLS certificate file."""
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)
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keyfile = Unicode(u'', config=True,
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help="""The full path to a private key file for usage with SSL/TLS."""
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)
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password = Unicode(u'', config=True,
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help="""Hashed password to use for web authentication.
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To generate, type in a python/IPython shell:
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from IPython.lib import passwd; passwd()
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The string should be of the form type:salt:hashed-password.
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"""
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)
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open_browser = Bool(True, config=True,
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help="""Whether to open in a browser after starting.
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The specific browser used is platform dependent and
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determined by the python standard library `webbrowser`
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module, unless it is overridden using the --browser
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(NotebookApp.browser) configuration option.
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""")
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browser = Unicode(u'', config=True,
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help="""Specify what command to use to invoke a web
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browser when opening the notebook. If not specified, the
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default browser will be determined by the `webbrowser`
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standard library module, which allows setting of the
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BROWSER environment variable to override it.
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""")
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read_only = Bool(False, config=True,
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help="Whether to prevent editing/execution of notebooks."
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)
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use_less = Bool(False, config=True,
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help="""Wether to use Browser Side less-css parsing
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instead of compiled css version in templates that allows
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it. This is mainly convenient when working on the less
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file to avoid a build step, or if user want to overwrite
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some of the less variables without having to recompile
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everything.
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You will need to install the less.js component in the static directory
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either in the source tree or in your profile folder.
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""")
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webapp_settings = Dict(config=True,
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help="Supply overrides for the tornado.web.Application that the "
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"IPython notebook uses.")
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enable_mathjax = Bool(True, config=True,
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help="""Whether to enable MathJax for typesetting math/TeX
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MathJax is the javascript library IPython uses to render math/LaTeX. It is
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very large, so you may want to disable it if you have a slow internet
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connection, or for offline use of the notebook.
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When disabled, equations etc. will appear as their untransformed TeX source.
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"""
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)
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def _enable_mathjax_changed(self, name, old, new):
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"""set mathjax url to empty if mathjax is disabled"""
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if not new:
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self.mathjax_url = u''
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base_project_url = Unicode('/', config=True,
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help='''The base URL for the notebook server.
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Leading and trailing slashes can be omitted,
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and will automatically be added.
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''')
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def _base_project_url_changed(self, name, old, new):
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if not new.startswith('/'):
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self.base_project_url = '/'+new
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elif not new.endswith('/'):
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self.base_project_url = new+'/'
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base_kernel_url = Unicode('/', config=True,
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help='''The base URL for the kernel server
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Leading and trailing slashes can be omitted,
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and will automatically be added.
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''')
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def _base_kernel_url_changed(self, name, old, new):
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if not new.startswith('/'):
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self.base_kernel_url = '/'+new
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elif not new.endswith('/'):
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self.base_kernel_url = new+'/'
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websocket_host = Unicode("", config=True,
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help="""The hostname for the websocket server."""
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)
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extra_static_paths = List(Unicode, config=True,
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help="""Extra paths to search for serving static files.
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This allows adding javascript/css to be available from the notebook server machine,
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or overriding individual files in the IPython"""
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)
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def _extra_static_paths_default(self):
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return [os.path.join(self.profile_dir.location, 'static')]
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@property
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def static_file_path(self):
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"""return extra paths + the default location"""
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return self.extra_static_paths + [DEFAULT_STATIC_FILES_PATH]
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mathjax_url = Unicode("", config=True,
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help="""The url for MathJax.js."""
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)
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def _mathjax_url_default(self):
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|
|
if not self.enable_mathjax:
|
|
|
return u''
|
|
|
static_url_prefix = self.webapp_settings.get("static_url_prefix",
|
|
|
"/static/")
|
|
|
try:
|
|
|
mathjax = filefind(os.path.join('mathjax', 'MathJax.js'), self.static_file_path)
|
|
|
except IOError:
|
|
|
if self.certfile:
|
|
|
# HTTPS: load from Rackspace CDN, because SSL certificate requires it
|
|
|
base = u"https://c328740.ssl.cf1.rackcdn.com"
|
|
|
else:
|
|
|
base = u"http://cdn.mathjax.org"
|
|
|
|
|
|
url = base + u"/mathjax/latest/MathJax.js"
|
|
|
self.log.info("Using MathJax from CDN: %s", url)
|
|
|
return url
|
|
|
else:
|
|
|
self.log.info("Using local MathJax from %s" % mathjax)
|
|
|
return static_url_prefix+u"mathjax/MathJax.js"
|
|
|
|
|
|
def _mathjax_url_changed(self, name, old, new):
|
|
|
if new and not self.enable_mathjax:
|
|
|
# enable_mathjax=False overrides mathjax_url
|
|
|
self.mathjax_url = u''
|
|
|
else:
|
|
|
self.log.info("Using MathJax: %s", new)
|
|
|
|
|
|
notebook_manager_class = DottedObjectName('IPython.frontend.html.notebook.filenbmanager.FileNotebookManager',
|
|
|
config=True,
|
|
|
help='The notebook manager class to use.')
|
|
|
|
|
|
def parse_command_line(self, argv=None):
|
|
|
super(NotebookApp, self).parse_command_line(argv)
|
|
|
if argv is None:
|
|
|
argv = sys.argv[1:]
|
|
|
|
|
|
# Scrub frontend-specific flags
|
|
|
self.kernel_argv = swallow_argv(argv, notebook_aliases, notebook_flags)
|
|
|
# Kernel should inherit default config file from frontend
|
|
|
self.kernel_argv.append("--IPKernelApp.parent_appname='%s'" % self.name)
|
|
|
|
|
|
if self.extra_args:
|
|
|
f = os.path.abspath(self.extra_args[0])
|
|
|
if os.path.isdir(f):
|
|
|
nbdir = f
|
|
|
else:
|
|
|
self.file_to_run = f
|
|
|
nbdir = os.path.dirname(f)
|
|
|
self.config.NotebookManager.notebook_dir = nbdir
|
|
|
|
|
|
def init_configurables(self):
|
|
|
# force Session default to be secure
|
|
|
default_secure(self.config)
|
|
|
self.kernel_manager = MappingKernelManager(
|
|
|
config=self.config, log=self.log, kernel_argv=self.kernel_argv,
|
|
|
connection_dir = self.profile_dir.security_dir,
|
|
|
)
|
|
|
kls = import_item(self.notebook_manager_class)
|
|
|
self.notebook_manager = kls(config=self.config, log=self.log)
|
|
|
self.notebook_manager.log_info()
|
|
|
self.notebook_manager.load_notebook_names()
|
|
|
self.cluster_manager = ClusterManager(config=self.config, log=self.log)
|
|
|
self.cluster_manager.update_profiles()
|
|
|
|
|
|
def init_logging(self):
|
|
|
# This prevents double log messages because tornado use a root logger that
|
|
|
# self.log is a child of. The logging module dipatches log messages to a log
|
|
|
# and all of its ancenstors until propagate is set to False.
|
|
|
self.log.propagate = False
|
|
|
|
|
|
def init_webapp(self):
|
|
|
"""initialize tornado webapp and httpserver"""
|
|
|
self.web_app = NotebookWebApplication(
|
|
|
self, self.kernel_manager, self.notebook_manager,
|
|
|
self.cluster_manager, self.log,
|
|
|
self.base_project_url, self.webapp_settings
|
|
|
)
|
|
|
if self.certfile:
|
|
|
ssl_options = dict(certfile=self.certfile)
|
|
|
if self.keyfile:
|
|
|
ssl_options['keyfile'] = self.keyfile
|
|
|
else:
|
|
|
ssl_options = None
|
|
|
self.web_app.password = self.password
|
|
|
self.http_server = httpserver.HTTPServer(self.web_app, ssl_options=ssl_options)
|
|
|
if not self.ip:
|
|
|
warning = "WARNING: The notebook server is listening on all IP addresses"
|
|
|
if ssl_options is None:
|
|
|
self.log.critical(warning + " and not using encryption. This"
|
|
|
"is not recommended.")
|
|
|
if not self.password and not self.read_only:
|
|
|
self.log.critical(warning + "and not using authentication."
|
|
|
"This is highly insecure and not recommended.")
|
|
|
success = None
|
|
|
for port in random_ports(self.port, self.port_retries+1):
|
|
|
try:
|
|
|
self.http_server.listen(port, self.ip)
|
|
|
except socket.error as e:
|
|
|
if e.errno != errno.EADDRINUSE:
|
|
|
raise
|
|
|
self.log.info('The port %i is already in use, trying another random port.' % port)
|
|
|
else:
|
|
|
self.port = port
|
|
|
success = True
|
|
|
break
|
|
|
if not success:
|
|
|
self.log.critical('ERROR: the notebook server could not be started because '
|
|
|
'no available port could be found.')
|
|
|
self.exit(1)
|
|
|
|
|
|
def init_signal(self):
|
|
|
# FIXME: remove this check when pyzmq dependency is >= 2.1.11
|
|
|
# safely extract zmq version info:
|
|
|
try:
|
|
|
zmq_v = zmq.pyzmq_version_info()
|
|
|
except AttributeError:
|
|
|
zmq_v = [ int(n) for n in re.findall(r'\d+', zmq.__version__) ]
|
|
|
if 'dev' in zmq.__version__:
|
|
|
zmq_v.append(999)
|
|
|
zmq_v = tuple(zmq_v)
|
|
|
if zmq_v >= (2,1,9) and not sys.platform.startswith('win'):
|
|
|
# This won't work with 2.1.7 and
|
|
|
# 2.1.9-10 will log ugly 'Interrupted system call' messages,
|
|
|
# but it will work
|
|
|
signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, self._handle_sigint)
|
|
|
signal.signal(signal.SIGTERM, self._signal_stop)
|
|
|
|
|
|
def _handle_sigint(self, sig, frame):
|
|
|
"""SIGINT handler spawns confirmation dialog"""
|
|
|
# register more forceful signal handler for ^C^C case
|
|
|
signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, self._signal_stop)
|
|
|
# request confirmation dialog in bg thread, to avoid
|
|
|
# blocking the App
|
|
|
thread = threading.Thread(target=self._confirm_exit)
|
|
|
thread.daemon = True
|
|
|
thread.start()
|
|
|
|
|
|
def _restore_sigint_handler(self):
|
|
|
"""callback for restoring original SIGINT handler"""
|
|
|
signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, self._handle_sigint)
|
|
|
|
|
|
def _confirm_exit(self):
|
|
|
"""confirm shutdown on ^C
|
|
|
|
|
|
A second ^C, or answering 'y' within 5s will cause shutdown,
|
|
|
otherwise original SIGINT handler will be restored.
|
|
|
|
|
|
This doesn't work on Windows.
|
|
|
"""
|
|
|
# FIXME: remove this delay when pyzmq dependency is >= 2.1.11
|
|
|
time.sleep(0.1)
|
|
|
sys.stdout.write("Shutdown Notebook Server at %s (y/[n])? " % self._url)
|
|
|
sys.stdout.flush()
|
|
|
r,w,x = select.select([sys.stdin], [], [], 5)
|
|
|
if r:
|
|
|
line = sys.stdin.readline()
|
|
|
if line.lower().startswith('y'):
|
|
|
self.log.critical("Shutdown confirmed")
|
|
|
ioloop.IOLoop.instance().stop()
|
|
|
return
|
|
|
else:
|
|
|
print "No answer for 5s:",
|
|
|
print "resuming operation..."
|
|
|
# no answer, or answer is no:
|
|
|
# set it back to original SIGINT handler
|
|
|
# use IOLoop.add_callback because signal.signal must be called
|
|
|
# from main thread
|
|
|
ioloop.IOLoop.instance().add_callback(self._restore_sigint_handler)
|
|
|
|
|
|
def _signal_stop(self, sig, frame):
|
|
|
self.log.critical("received signal %s, stopping", sig)
|
|
|
ioloop.IOLoop.instance().stop()
|
|
|
|
|
|
@catch_config_error
|
|
|
def initialize(self, argv=None):
|
|
|
self.init_logging()
|
|
|
super(NotebookApp, self).initialize(argv)
|
|
|
self.init_configurables()
|
|
|
self.init_webapp()
|
|
|
self.init_signal()
|
|
|
|
|
|
def cleanup_kernels(self):
|
|
|
"""Shutdown all kernels.
|
|
|
|
|
|
The kernels will shutdown themselves when this process no longer exists,
|
|
|
but explicit shutdown allows the KernelManagers to cleanup the connection files.
|
|
|
"""
|
|
|
self.log.info('Shutting down kernels')
|
|
|
self.kernel_manager.shutdown_all()
|
|
|
|
|
|
def start(self):
|
|
|
""" Start the IPython Notebok server app, after initialization
|
|
|
|
|
|
This method takes no arguments so all configuration and initialization
|
|
|
must be done prior to calling this method."""
|
|
|
ip = self.ip if self.ip else '[all ip addresses on your system]'
|
|
|
proto = 'https' if self.certfile else 'http'
|
|
|
info = self.log.info
|
|
|
self._url = "%s://%s:%i%s" % (proto, ip, self.port,
|
|
|
self.base_project_url)
|
|
|
info("The IPython Notebook is running at: %s" % self._url)
|
|
|
info("Use Control-C to stop this server and shut down all kernels.")
|
|
|
|
|
|
if self.open_browser or self.file_to_run:
|
|
|
ip = self.ip or LOCALHOST
|
|
|
try:
|
|
|
browser = webbrowser.get(self.browser or None)
|
|
|
except webbrowser.Error as e:
|
|
|
self.log.warn('No web browser found: %s.' % e)
|
|
|
browser = None
|
|
|
|
|
|
if self.file_to_run:
|
|
|
name, _ = os.path.splitext(os.path.basename(self.file_to_run))
|
|
|
url = self.notebook_manager.rev_mapping.get(name, '')
|
|
|
else:
|
|
|
url = ''
|
|
|
if browser:
|
|
|
b = lambda : browser.open("%s://%s:%i%s%s" % (proto, ip,
|
|
|
self.port, self.base_project_url, url), new=2)
|
|
|
threading.Thread(target=b).start()
|
|
|
try:
|
|
|
ioloop.IOLoop.instance().start()
|
|
|
except KeyboardInterrupt:
|
|
|
info("Interrupted...")
|
|
|
finally:
|
|
|
self.cleanup_kernels()
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
|
# Main entry point
|
|
|
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
|
|
def launch_new_instance():
|
|
|
app = NotebookApp.instance()
|
|
|
app.initialize()
|
|
|
app.start()
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
