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client.py
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"""A semi-synchronous Client for the ZMQ controller"""
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Copyright (C) 2010 The IPython Development Team
#
# Distributed under the terms of the BSD License. The full license is in
# the file COPYING, distributed as part of this software.
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Imports
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
import os
import json
import time
import warnings
from datetime import datetime
from getpass import getpass
from pprint import pprint
pjoin = os.path.join
import zmq
# from zmq.eventloop import ioloop, zmqstream
from IPython.utils.path import get_ipython_dir
from IPython.utils.pickleutil import Reference
from IPython.utils.traitlets import (HasTraits, Int, Instance, CUnicode,
Dict, List, Bool, Str, Set)
from IPython.external.decorator import decorator
from IPython.external.ssh import tunnel
from . import error
from . import map as Map
from . import util
from . import streamsession as ss
from .asyncresult import AsyncResult, AsyncMapResult, AsyncHubResult
from .clusterdir import ClusterDir, ClusterDirError
from .dependency import Dependency, depend, require, dependent
from .remotefunction import remote, parallel, ParallelFunction, RemoteFunction
from .util import ReverseDict, validate_url, disambiguate_url
from .view import DirectView, LoadBalancedView
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
# helpers for implementing old MEC API via client.apply
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
def _push(ns):
"""helper method for implementing `client.push` via `client.apply`"""
globals().update(ns)
def _pull(keys):
"""helper method for implementing `client.pull` via `client.apply`"""
g = globals()
if isinstance(keys, (list,tuple, set)):
for key in keys:
if not g.has_key(key):
raise NameError("name '%s' is not defined"%key)
return map(g.get, keys)
else:
if not g.has_key(keys):
raise NameError("name '%s' is not defined"%keys)
return g.get(keys)
def _clear():
"""helper method for implementing `client.clear` via `client.apply`"""
globals().clear()
def _execute(code):
"""helper method for implementing `client.execute` via `client.apply`"""
exec code in globals()
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Decorators for Client methods
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
@decorator
def spinfirst(f, self, *args, **kwargs):
"""Call spin() to sync state prior to calling the method."""
self.spin()
return f(self, *args, **kwargs)
@decorator
def defaultblock(f, self, *args, **kwargs):
"""Default to self.block; preserve self.block."""
block = kwargs.get('block',None)
block = self.block if block is None else block
saveblock = self.block
self.block = block
try:
ret = f(self, *args, **kwargs)
finally:
self.block = saveblock
return ret
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Classes
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
class Metadata(dict):
"""Subclass of dict for initializing metadata values.
Attribute access works on keys.
These objects have a strict set of keys - errors will raise if you try
to add new keys.
"""
def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs):
dict.__init__(self)
md = {'msg_id' : None,
'submitted' : None,
'started' : None,
'completed' : None,
'received' : None,
'engine_uuid' : None,
'engine_id' : None,
'follow' : None,
'after' : None,
'status' : None,
'pyin' : None,
'pyout' : None,
'pyerr' : None,
'stdout' : '',
'stderr' : '',
}
self.update(md)
self.update(dict(*args, **kwargs))
def __getattr__(self, key):
"""getattr aliased to getitem"""
if key in self.iterkeys():
return self[key]
else:
raise AttributeError(key)
def __setattr__(self, key, value):
"""setattr aliased to setitem, with strict"""
if key in self.iterkeys():
self[key] = value
else:
raise AttributeError(key)
def __setitem__(self, key, value):
"""strict static key enforcement"""
if key in self.iterkeys():
dict.__setitem__(self, key, value)
else:
raise KeyError(key)
class Client(HasTraits):
"""A semi-synchronous client to the IPython ZMQ controller
Parameters
----------
url_or_file : bytes; zmq url or path to ipcontroller-client.json
Connection information for the Hub's registration. If a json connector
file is given, then likely no further configuration is necessary.
[Default: use profile]
profile : bytes
The name of the Cluster profile to be used to find connector information.
[Default: 'default']
context : zmq.Context
Pass an existing zmq.Context instance, otherwise the client will create its own.
username : bytes
set username to be passed to the Session object
debug : bool
flag for lots of message printing for debug purposes
#-------------- ssh related args ----------------
# These are args for configuring the ssh tunnel to be used
# credentials are used to forward connections over ssh to the Controller
# Note that the ip given in `addr` needs to be relative to sshserver
# The most basic case is to leave addr as pointing to localhost (127.0.0.1),
# and set sshserver as the same machine the Controller is on. However,
# the only requirement is that sshserver is able to see the Controller
# (i.e. is within the same trusted network).
sshserver : str
A string of the form passed to ssh, i.e. 'server.tld' or 'user@server.tld:port'
If keyfile or password is specified, and this is not, it will default to
the ip given in addr.
sshkey : str; path to public ssh key file
This specifies a key to be used in ssh login, default None.
Regular default ssh keys will be used without specifying this argument.
password : str
Your ssh password to sshserver. Note that if this is left None,
you will be prompted for it if passwordless key based login is unavailable.
paramiko : bool
flag for whether to use paramiko instead of shell ssh for tunneling.
[default: True on win32, False else]
#------- exec authentication args -------
# If even localhost is untrusted, you can have some protection against
# unauthorized execution by using a key. Messages are still sent
# as cleartext, so if someone can snoop your loopback traffic this will
# not help against malicious attacks.
exec_key : str
an authentication key or file containing a key
default: None
Attributes
----------
ids : set of int engine IDs
requesting the ids attribute always synchronizes
the registration state. To request ids without synchronization,
use semi-private _ids attributes.
history : list of msg_ids
a list of msg_ids, keeping track of all the execution
messages you have submitted in order.
outstanding : set of msg_ids
a set of msg_ids that have been submitted, but whose
results have not yet been received.
results : dict
a dict of all our results, keyed by msg_id
block : bool
determines default behavior when block not specified
in execution methods
Methods
-------
spin
flushes incoming results and registration state changes
control methods spin, and requesting `ids` also ensures up to date
barrier
wait on one or more msg_ids
execution methods
apply
legacy: execute, run
query methods
queue_status, get_result, purge
control methods
abort, shutdown
"""
block = Bool(False)
outstanding=Set()
results = Dict()
metadata = Dict()
history = List()
debug = Bool(False)
profile=CUnicode('default')
_ids = List()
_connected=Bool(False)
_ssh=Bool(False)
_context = Instance('zmq.Context')
_config = Dict()
_engines=Instance(ReverseDict, (), {})
_registration_socket=Instance('zmq.Socket')
_query_socket=Instance('zmq.Socket')
_control_socket=Instance('zmq.Socket')
_iopub_socket=Instance('zmq.Socket')
_notification_socket=Instance('zmq.Socket')
_mux_socket=Instance('zmq.Socket')
_task_socket=Instance('zmq.Socket')
_task_scheme=Str()
_balanced_views=Dict()
_direct_views=Dict()
_closed = False
def __init__(self, url_or_file=None, profile='default', cluster_dir=None, ipython_dir=None,
context=None, username=None, debug=False, exec_key=None,
sshserver=None, sshkey=None, password=None, paramiko=None,
):
super(Client, self).__init__(debug=debug, profile=profile)
if context is None:
context = zmq.Context()
self._context = context
self._setup_cluster_dir(profile, cluster_dir, ipython_dir)
if self._cd is not None:
if url_or_file is None:
url_or_file = pjoin(self._cd.security_dir, 'ipcontroller-client.json')
assert url_or_file is not None, "I can't find enough information to connect to a controller!"\
" Please specify at least one of url_or_file or profile."
try:
validate_url(url_or_file)
except AssertionError:
if not os.path.exists(url_or_file):
if self._cd:
url_or_file = os.path.join(self._cd.security_dir, url_or_file)
assert os.path.exists(url_or_file), "Not a valid connection file or url: %r"%url_or_file
with open(url_or_file) as f:
cfg = json.loads(f.read())
else:
cfg = {'url':url_or_file}
# sync defaults from args, json:
if sshserver:
cfg['ssh'] = sshserver
if exec_key:
cfg['exec_key'] = exec_key
exec_key = cfg['exec_key']
sshserver=cfg['ssh']
url = cfg['url']
location = cfg.setdefault('location', None)
cfg['url'] = disambiguate_url(cfg['url'], location)
url = cfg['url']
self._config = cfg
self._ssh = bool(sshserver or sshkey or password)
if self._ssh and sshserver is None:
# default to ssh via localhost
sshserver = url.split('://')[1].split(':')[0]
if self._ssh and password is None:
if tunnel.try_passwordless_ssh(sshserver, sshkey, paramiko):
password=False
else:
password = getpass("SSH Password for %s: "%sshserver)
ssh_kwargs = dict(keyfile=sshkey, password=password, paramiko=paramiko)
if exec_key is not None and os.path.isfile(exec_key):
arg = 'keyfile'
else:
arg = 'key'
key_arg = {arg:exec_key}
if username is None:
self.session = ss.StreamSession(**key_arg)
else:
self.session = ss.StreamSession(username, **key_arg)
self._registration_socket = self._context.socket(zmq.XREQ)
self._registration_socket.setsockopt(zmq.IDENTITY, self.session.session)
if self._ssh:
tunnel.tunnel_connection(self._registration_socket, url, sshserver, **ssh_kwargs)
else:
self._registration_socket.connect(url)
self.session.debug = self.debug
self._notification_handlers = {'registration_notification' : self._register_engine,
'unregistration_notification' : self._unregister_engine,
}
self._queue_handlers = {'execute_reply' : self._handle_execute_reply,
'apply_reply' : self._handle_apply_reply}
self._connect(sshserver, ssh_kwargs)
def _setup_cluster_dir(self, profile, cluster_dir, ipython_dir):
if ipython_dir is None:
ipython_dir = get_ipython_dir()
if cluster_dir is not None:
try:
self._cd = ClusterDir.find_cluster_dir(cluster_dir)
return
except ClusterDirError:
pass
elif profile is not None:
try:
self._cd = ClusterDir.find_cluster_dir_by_profile(
ipython_dir, profile)
return
except ClusterDirError:
pass
self._cd = None
@property
def ids(self):
"""Always up-to-date ids property."""
self._flush_notifications()
return self._ids
def close(self):
if self._closed:
return
snames = filter(lambda n: n.endswith('socket'), dir(self))
for socket in map(lambda name: getattr(self, name), snames):
socket.close()
self._closed = True
def _update_engines(self, engines):
"""Update our engines dict and _ids from a dict of the form: {id:uuid}."""
for k,v in engines.iteritems():
eid = int(k)
self._engines[eid] = bytes(v) # force not unicode
self._ids.append(eid)
self._ids = sorted(self._ids)
if sorted(self._engines.keys()) != range(len(self._engines)) and \
self._task_scheme == 'pure' and self._task_socket:
self._stop_scheduling_tasks()
def _stop_scheduling_tasks(self):
"""Stop scheduling tasks because an engine has been unregistered
from a pure ZMQ scheduler.
"""
self._task_socket.close()
self._task_socket = None
msg = "An engine has been unregistered, and we are using pure " +\
"ZMQ task scheduling. Task farming will be disabled."
if self.outstanding:
msg += " If you were running tasks when this happened, " +\
"some `outstanding` msg_ids may never resolve."
warnings.warn(msg, RuntimeWarning)
def _build_targets(self, targets):
"""Turn valid target IDs or 'all' into two lists:
(int_ids, uuids).
"""
if targets is None:
targets = self._ids
elif isinstance(targets, str):
if targets.lower() == 'all':
targets = self._ids
else:
raise TypeError("%r not valid str target, must be 'all'"%(targets))
elif isinstance(targets, int):
targets = [targets]
return [self._engines[t] for t in targets], list(targets)
def _connect(self, sshserver, ssh_kwargs):
"""setup all our socket connections to the controller. This is called from
__init__."""
# Maybe allow reconnecting?
if self._connected:
return
self._connected=True
def connect_socket(s, url):
url = disambiguate_url(url, self._config['location'])
if self._ssh:
return tunnel.tunnel_connection(s, url, sshserver, **ssh_kwargs)
else:
return s.connect(url)
self.session.send(self._registration_socket, 'connection_request')
idents,msg = self.session.recv(self._registration_socket,mode=0)
if self.debug:
pprint(msg)
msg = ss.Message(msg)
content = msg.content
self._config['registration'] = dict(content)
if content.status == 'ok':
if content.mux:
self._mux_socket = self._context.socket(zmq.PAIR)
self._mux_socket.setsockopt(zmq.IDENTITY, self.session.session)
connect_socket(self._mux_socket, content.mux)
if content.task:
self._task_scheme, task_addr = content.task
self._task_socket = self._context.socket(zmq.PAIR)
self._task_socket.setsockopt(zmq.IDENTITY, self.session.session)
connect_socket(self._task_socket, task_addr)
if content.notification:
self._notification_socket = self._context.socket(zmq.SUB)
connect_socket(self._notification_socket, content.notification)
self._notification_socket.setsockopt(zmq.SUBSCRIBE, "")
if content.query:
self._query_socket = self._context.socket(zmq.PAIR)
self._query_socket.setsockopt(zmq.IDENTITY, self.session.session)
connect_socket(self._query_socket, content.query)
if content.control:
self._control_socket = self._context.socket(zmq.PAIR)
self._control_socket.setsockopt(zmq.IDENTITY, self.session.session)
connect_socket(self._control_socket, content.control)
if content.iopub:
self._iopub_socket = self._context.socket(zmq.SUB)
self._iopub_socket.setsockopt(zmq.SUBSCRIBE, '')
self._iopub_socket.setsockopt(zmq.IDENTITY, self.session.session)
connect_socket(self._iopub_socket, content.iopub)
self._update_engines(dict(content.engines))
else:
self._connected = False
raise Exception("Failed to connect!")
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
# handlers and callbacks for incoming messages
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
def _unwrap_exception(self, content):
"""unwrap exception, and remap engineid to int."""
e = error.unwrap_exception(content)
if e.engine_info:
e_uuid = e.engine_info['engine_uuid']
eid = self._engines[e_uuid]
e.engine_info['engine_id'] = eid
return e
def _register_engine(self, msg):
"""Register a new engine, and update our connection info."""
content = msg['content']
eid = content['id']
d = {eid : content['queue']}
self._update_engines(d)
def _unregister_engine(self, msg):
"""Unregister an engine that has died."""
content = msg['content']
eid = int(content['id'])
if eid in self._ids:
self._ids.remove(eid)
self._engines.pop(eid)
if self._task_socket and self._task_scheme == 'pure':
self._stop_scheduling_tasks()
def _extract_metadata(self, header, parent, content):
md = {'msg_id' : parent['msg_id'],
'received' : datetime.now(),
'engine_uuid' : header.get('engine', None),
'follow' : parent.get('follow', []),
'after' : parent.get('after', []),
'status' : content['status'],
}
if md['engine_uuid'] is not None:
md['engine_id'] = self._engines.get(md['engine_uuid'], None)
if 'date' in parent:
md['submitted'] = datetime.strptime(parent['date'], util.ISO8601)
if 'started' in header:
md['started'] = datetime.strptime(header['started'], util.ISO8601)
if 'date' in header:
md['completed'] = datetime.strptime(header['date'], util.ISO8601)
return md
def _handle_execute_reply(self, msg):
"""Save the reply to an execute_request into our results.
execute messages are never actually used. apply is used instead.
"""
parent = msg['parent_header']
msg_id = parent['msg_id']
if msg_id not in self.outstanding:
if msg_id in self.history:
print ("got stale result: %s"%msg_id)
else:
print ("got unknown result: %s"%msg_id)
else:
self.outstanding.remove(msg_id)
self.results[msg_id] = self._unwrap_exception(msg['content'])
def _handle_apply_reply(self, msg):
"""Save the reply to an apply_request into our results."""
parent = msg['parent_header']
msg_id = parent['msg_id']
if msg_id not in self.outstanding:
if msg_id in self.history:
print ("got stale result: %s"%msg_id)
print self.results[msg_id]
print msg
else:
print ("got unknown result: %s"%msg_id)
else:
self.outstanding.remove(msg_id)
content = msg['content']
header = msg['header']
# construct metadata:
md = self.metadata.setdefault(msg_id, Metadata())
md.update(self._extract_metadata(header, parent, content))
self.metadata[msg_id] = md
# construct result:
if content['status'] == 'ok':
self.results[msg_id] = util.unserialize_object(msg['buffers'])[0]
elif content['status'] == 'aborted':
self.results[msg_id] = error.AbortedTask(msg_id)
elif content['status'] == 'resubmitted':
# TODO: handle resubmission
pass
else:
self.results[msg_id] = self._unwrap_exception(content)
def _flush_notifications(self):
"""Flush notifications of engine registrations waiting
in ZMQ queue."""
msg = self.session.recv(self._notification_socket, mode=zmq.NOBLOCK)
while msg is not None:
if self.debug:
pprint(msg)
msg = msg[-1]
msg_type = msg['msg_type']
handler = self._notification_handlers.get(msg_type, None)
if handler is None:
raise Exception("Unhandled message type: %s"%msg.msg_type)
else:
handler(msg)
msg = self.session.recv(self._notification_socket, mode=zmq.NOBLOCK)
def _flush_results(self, sock):
"""Flush task or queue results waiting in ZMQ queue."""
msg = self.session.recv(sock, mode=zmq.NOBLOCK)
while msg is not None:
if self.debug:
pprint(msg)
msg = msg[-1]
msg_type = msg['msg_type']
handler = self._queue_handlers.get(msg_type, None)
if handler is None:
raise Exception("Unhandled message type: %s"%msg.msg_type)
else:
handler(msg)
msg = self.session.recv(sock, mode=zmq.NOBLOCK)
def _flush_control(self, sock):
"""Flush replies from the control channel waiting
in the ZMQ queue.
Currently: ignore them."""
msg = self.session.recv(sock, mode=zmq.NOBLOCK)
while msg is not None:
if self.debug:
pprint(msg)
msg = self.session.recv(sock, mode=zmq.NOBLOCK)
def _flush_iopub(self, sock):
"""Flush replies from the iopub channel waiting
in the ZMQ queue.
"""
msg = self.session.recv(sock, mode=zmq.NOBLOCK)
while msg is not None:
if self.debug:
pprint(msg)
msg = msg[-1]
parent = msg['parent_header']
msg_id = parent['msg_id']
content = msg['content']
header = msg['header']
msg_type = msg['msg_type']
# init metadata:
md = self.metadata.setdefault(msg_id, Metadata())
if msg_type == 'stream':
name = content['name']
s = md[name] or ''
md[name] = s + content['data']
elif msg_type == 'pyerr':
md.update({'pyerr' : self._unwrap_exception(content)})
else:
md.update({msg_type : content['data']})
self.metadata[msg_id] = md
msg = self.session.recv(sock, mode=zmq.NOBLOCK)
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
# len, getitem
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
def __len__(self):
"""len(client) returns # of engines."""
return len(self.ids)
def __getitem__(self, key):
"""index access returns DirectView multiplexer objects
Must be int, slice, or list/tuple/xrange of ints"""
if not isinstance(key, (int, slice, tuple, list, xrange)):
raise TypeError("key by int/slice/iterable of ints only, not %s"%(type(key)))
else:
return self.view(key, balanced=False)
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Begin public methods
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
def spin(self):
"""Flush any registration notifications and execution results
waiting in the ZMQ queue.
"""
if self._notification_socket:
self._flush_notifications()
if self._mux_socket:
self._flush_results(self._mux_socket)
if self._task_socket:
self._flush_results(self._task_socket)
if self._control_socket:
self._flush_control(self._control_socket)
if self._iopub_socket:
self._flush_iopub(self._iopub_socket)
def barrier(self, jobs=None, timeout=-1):
"""waits on one or more `jobs`, for up to `timeout` seconds.
Parameters
----------
jobs : int, str, or list of ints and/or strs, or one or more AsyncResult objects
ints are indices to self.history
strs are msg_ids
default: wait on all outstanding messages
timeout : float
a time in seconds, after which to give up.
default is -1, which means no timeout
Returns
-------
True : when all msg_ids are done
False : timeout reached, some msg_ids still outstanding
"""
tic = time.time()
if jobs is None:
theids = self.outstanding
else:
if isinstance(jobs, (int, str, AsyncResult)):
jobs = [jobs]
theids = set()
for job in jobs:
if isinstance(job, int):
# index access
job = self.history[job]
elif isinstance(job, AsyncResult):
map(theids.add, job.msg_ids)
continue
theids.add(job)
if not theids.intersection(self.outstanding):
return True
self.spin()
while theids.intersection(self.outstanding):
if timeout >= 0 and ( time.time()-tic ) > timeout:
break
time.sleep(1e-3)
self.spin()
return len(theids.intersection(self.outstanding)) == 0
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Control methods
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
@spinfirst
@defaultblock
def clear(self, targets=None, block=None):
"""Clear the namespace in target(s)."""
targets = self._build_targets(targets)[0]
for t in targets:
self.session.send(self._control_socket, 'clear_request', content={}, ident=t)
error = False
if self.block:
for i in range(len(targets)):
idents,msg = self.session.recv(self._control_socket,0)
if self.debug:
pprint(msg)
if msg['content']['status'] != 'ok':
error = self._unwrap_exception(msg['content'])
if error:
return error
@spinfirst
@defaultblock
def abort(self, jobs=None, targets=None, block=None):
"""Abort specific jobs from the execution queues of target(s).
This is a mechanism to prevent jobs that have already been submitted
from executing.
Parameters
----------
jobs : msg_id, list of msg_ids, or AsyncResult
The jobs to be aborted
"""
targets = self._build_targets(targets)[0]
msg_ids = []
if isinstance(jobs, (basestring,AsyncResult)):
jobs = [jobs]
bad_ids = filter(lambda obj: not isinstance(obj, (basestring, AsyncResult)), jobs)
if bad_ids:
raise TypeError("Invalid msg_id type %r, expected str or AsyncResult"%bad_ids[0])
for j in jobs:
if isinstance(j, AsyncResult):
msg_ids.extend(j.msg_ids)
else:
msg_ids.append(j)
content = dict(msg_ids=msg_ids)
for t in targets:
self.session.send(self._control_socket, 'abort_request',
content=content, ident=t)
error = False
if self.block:
for i in range(len(targets)):
idents,msg = self.session.recv(self._control_socket,0)
if self.debug:
pprint(msg)
if msg['content']['status'] != 'ok':
error = self._unwrap_exception(msg['content'])
if error:
return error
@spinfirst
@defaultblock
def shutdown(self, targets=None, restart=False, controller=False, block=None):
"""Terminates one or more engine processes, optionally including the controller."""
if controller:
targets = 'all'
targets = self._build_targets(targets)[0]
for t in targets:
self.session.send(self._control_socket, 'shutdown_request',
content={'restart':restart},ident=t)
error = False
if block or controller:
for i in range(len(targets)):
idents,msg = self.session.recv(self._control_socket,0)
if self.debug:
pprint(msg)
if msg['content']['status'] != 'ok':
error = self._unwrap_exception(msg['content'])
if controller:
time.sleep(0.25)
self.session.send(self._query_socket, 'shutdown_request')
idents,msg = self.session.recv(self._query_socket, 0)
if self.debug:
pprint(msg)
if msg['content']['status'] != 'ok':
error = self._unwrap_exception(msg['content'])
if error:
raise error
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Execution methods
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
@defaultblock
def execute(self, code, targets='all', block=None):
"""Executes `code` on `targets` in blocking or nonblocking manner.
``execute`` is always `bound` (affects engine namespace)
Parameters
----------
code : str
the code string to be executed
targets : int/str/list of ints/strs
the engines on which to execute
default : all
block : bool
whether or not to wait until done to return
default: self.block
"""
result = self.apply(_execute, (code,), targets=targets, block=block, bound=True, balanced=False)
if not block:
return result
def run(self, filename, targets='all', block=None):
"""Execute contents of `filename` on engine(s).
This simply reads the contents of the file and calls `execute`.
Parameters
----------
filename : str
The path to the file
targets : int/str/list of ints/strs
the engines on which to execute
default : all
block : bool
whether or not to wait until done
default: self.block
"""
with open(filename, 'rb') as f:
code = f.read()
return self.execute(code, targets=targets, block=block)
def _maybe_raise(self, result):
"""wrapper for maybe raising an exception if apply failed."""
if isinstance(result, error.RemoteError):
raise result
return result
def _build_dependency(self, dep):
"""helper for building jsonable dependencies from various input forms"""
if isinstance(dep, Dependency):
return dep.as_dict()
elif isinstance(dep, AsyncResult):
return dep.msg_ids
elif dep is None:
return []
else:
# pass to Dependency constructor
return list(Dependency(dep))
@defaultblock
def apply(self, f, args=None, kwargs=None, bound=True, block=None,
targets=None, balanced=None,
after=None, follow=None, timeout=None):
"""Call `f(*args, **kwargs)` on a remote engine(s), returning the result.
This is the central execution command for the client.
Parameters
----------
f : function
The fuction to be called remotely
args : tuple/list
The positional arguments passed to `f`
kwargs : dict
The keyword arguments passed to `f`
bound : bool (default: True)
Whether to execute in the Engine(s) namespace, or in a clean
namespace not affecting the engine.
block : bool (default: self.block)
Whether to wait for the result, or return immediately.
False:
returns AsyncResult
True:
returns actual result(s) of f(*args, **kwargs)
if multiple targets:
list of results, matching `targets`
targets : int,list of ints, 'all', None
Specify the destination of the job.
if None:
Submit via Task queue for load-balancing.
if 'all':
Run on all active engines
if list:
Run on each specified engine
if int:
Run on single engine
balanced : bool, default None
whether to load-balance. This will default to True
if targets is unspecified, or False if targets is specified.
The following arguments are only used when balanced is True:
after : Dependency or collection of msg_ids
Only for load-balanced execution (targets=None)
Specify a list of msg_ids as a time-based dependency.
This job will only be run *after* the dependencies
have been met.
follow : Dependency or collection of msg_ids
Only for load-balanced execution (targets=None)
Specify a list of msg_ids as a location-based dependency.
This job will only be run on an engine where this dependency
is met.
timeout : float/int or None
Only for load-balanced execution (targets=None)
Specify an amount of time (in seconds) for the scheduler to
wait for dependencies to be met before failing with a
DependencyTimeout.
after,follow,timeout only used if `balanced=True`.
Returns
-------
if block is False:
return AsyncResult wrapping msg_ids
output of AsyncResult.get() is identical to that of `apply(...block=True)`
else:
if single target:
return result of `f(*args, **kwargs)`
else:
return list of results, matching `targets`
"""
assert not self._closed, "cannot use me anymore, I'm closed!"
# defaults:
block = block if block is not None else self.block
args = args if args is not None else []
kwargs = kwargs if kwargs is not None else {}
if balanced is None:
if targets is None:
# default to balanced if targets unspecified
balanced = True
else:
# otherwise default to multiplexing
balanced = False
if targets is None and balanced is False:
# default to all if *not* balanced, and targets is unspecified
targets = 'all'
# enforce types of f,args,kwrags
if not callable(f):
raise TypeError("f must be callable, not %s"%type(f))
if not isinstance(args, (tuple, list)):
raise TypeError("args must be tuple or list, not %s"%type(args))
if not isinstance(kwargs, dict):
raise TypeError("kwargs must be dict, not %s"%type(kwargs))
options = dict(bound=bound, block=block, targets=targets)
if balanced:
return self._apply_balanced(f, args, kwargs, timeout=timeout,
after=after, follow=follow, **options)
elif follow or after or timeout:
msg = "follow, after, and timeout args are only used for"
msg += " load-balanced execution."
raise ValueError(msg)
else:
return self._apply_direct(f, args, kwargs, **options)
def _apply_balanced(self, f, args, kwargs, bound=None, block=None, targets=None,
after=None, follow=None, timeout=None):
"""call f(*args, **kwargs) remotely in a load-balanced manner.
This is a private method, see `apply` for details.
Not to be called directly!
"""
loc = locals()
for name in ('bound', 'block'):
assert loc[name] is not None, "kwarg %r must be specified!"%name
if self._task_socket is None:
msg = "Task farming is disabled"
if self._task_scheme == 'pure':
msg += " because the pure ZMQ scheduler cannot handle"
msg += " disappearing engines."
raise RuntimeError(msg)
if self._task_scheme == 'pure':
# pure zmq scheme doesn't support dependencies
msg = "Pure ZMQ scheduler doesn't support dependencies"
if (follow or after):
# hard fail on DAG dependencies
raise RuntimeError(msg)
if isinstance(f, dependent):
# soft warn on functional dependencies
warnings.warn(msg, RuntimeWarning)
# defaults:
args = args if args is not None else []
kwargs = kwargs if kwargs is not None else {}
if targets:
idents,_ = self._build_targets(targets)
else:
idents = []
after = self._build_dependency(after)
follow = self._build_dependency(follow)
subheader = dict(after=after, follow=follow, timeout=timeout, targets=idents)
bufs = util.pack_apply_message(f,args,kwargs)
content = dict(bound=bound)
msg = self.session.send(self._task_socket, "apply_request",
content=content, buffers=bufs, subheader=subheader)
msg_id = msg['msg_id']
self.outstanding.add(msg_id)
self.history.append(msg_id)
ar = AsyncResult(self, [msg_id], fname=f.__name__)
if block:
try:
return ar.get()
except KeyboardInterrupt:
return ar
else:
return ar
def _apply_direct(self, f, args, kwargs, bound=None, block=None, targets=None):
"""Then underlying method for applying functions to specific engines
via the MUX queue.
This is a private method, see `apply` for details.
Not to be called directly!
"""
loc = locals()
for name in ('bound', 'block', 'targets'):
assert loc[name] is not None, "kwarg %r must be specified!"%name
idents,targets = self._build_targets(targets)
subheader = {}
content = dict(bound=bound)
bufs = util.pack_apply_message(f,args,kwargs)
msg_ids = []
for ident in idents:
msg = self.session.send(self._mux_socket, "apply_request",
content=content, buffers=bufs, ident=ident, subheader=subheader)
msg_id = msg['msg_id']
self.outstanding.add(msg_id)
self.history.append(msg_id)
msg_ids.append(msg_id)
ar = AsyncResult(self, msg_ids, fname=f.__name__)
if block:
try:
return ar.get()
except KeyboardInterrupt:
return ar
else:
return ar
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
# construct a View object
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
@defaultblock
def remote(self, bound=True, block=None, targets=None, balanced=None):
"""Decorator for making a RemoteFunction"""
return remote(self, bound=bound, targets=targets, block=block, balanced=balanced)
@defaultblock
def parallel(self, dist='b', bound=True, block=None, targets=None, balanced=None):
"""Decorator for making a ParallelFunction"""
return parallel(self, bound=bound, targets=targets, block=block, balanced=balanced)
def _cache_view(self, targets, balanced):
"""save views, so subsequent requests don't create new objects."""
if balanced:
view_class = LoadBalancedView
view_cache = self._balanced_views
else:
view_class = DirectView
view_cache = self._direct_views
# use str, since often targets will be a list
key = str(targets)
if key not in view_cache:
view_cache[key] = view_class(client=self, targets=targets)
return view_cache[key]
def view(self, targets=None, balanced=None):
"""Method for constructing View objects.
If no arguments are specified, create a LoadBalancedView
using all engines. If only `targets` specified, it will
be a DirectView. This method is the underlying implementation
of ``client.__getitem__``.
Parameters
----------
targets: list,slice,int,etc. [default: use all engines]
The engines to use for the View
balanced : bool [default: False if targets specified, True else]
whether to build a LoadBalancedView or a DirectView
"""
balanced = (targets is None) if balanced is None else balanced
if targets is None:
if balanced:
return self._cache_view(None,True)
else:
targets = slice(None)
if isinstance(targets, int):
if targets < 0:
targets = self.ids[targets]
if targets not in self.ids:
raise IndexError("No such engine: %i"%targets)
return self._cache_view(targets, balanced)
if isinstance(targets, slice):
indices = range(len(self.ids))[targets]
ids = sorted(self._ids)
targets = [ ids[i] for i in indices ]
if isinstance(targets, (tuple, list, xrange)):
_,targets = self._build_targets(list(targets))
return self._cache_view(targets, balanced)
else:
raise TypeError("targets by int/slice/collection of ints only, not %s"%(type(targets)))
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Data movement
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
@defaultblock
def push(self, ns, targets='all', block=None):
"""Push the contents of `ns` into the namespace on `target`"""
if not isinstance(ns, dict):
raise TypeError("Must be a dict, not %s"%type(ns))
result = self.apply(_push, (ns,), targets=targets, block=block, bound=True, balanced=False)
if not block:
return result
@defaultblock
def pull(self, keys, targets='all', block=None):
"""Pull objects from `target`'s namespace by `keys`"""
if isinstance(keys, str):
pass
elif isinstance(keys, (list,tuple,set)):
for key in keys:
if not isinstance(key, str):
raise TypeError
result = self.apply(_pull, (keys,), targets=targets, block=block, bound=True, balanced=False)
return result
@defaultblock
def scatter(self, key, seq, dist='b', flatten=False, targets='all', block=None):
"""
Partition a Python sequence and send the partitions to a set of engines.
"""
targets = self._build_targets(targets)[-1]
mapObject = Map.dists[dist]()
nparts = len(targets)
msg_ids = []
for index, engineid in enumerate(targets):
partition = mapObject.getPartition(seq, index, nparts)
if flatten and len(partition) == 1:
r = self.push({key: partition[0]}, targets=engineid, block=False)
else:
r = self.push({key: partition}, targets=engineid, block=False)
msg_ids.extend(r.msg_ids)
r = AsyncResult(self, msg_ids, fname='scatter')
if block:
r.get()
else:
return r
@defaultblock
def gather(self, key, dist='b', targets='all', block=None):
"""
Gather a partitioned sequence on a set of engines as a single local seq.
"""
targets = self._build_targets(targets)[-1]
mapObject = Map.dists[dist]()
msg_ids = []
for index, engineid in enumerate(targets):
msg_ids.extend(self.pull(key, targets=engineid,block=False).msg_ids)
r = AsyncMapResult(self, msg_ids, mapObject, fname='gather')
if block:
return r.get()
else:
return r
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
# Query methods
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
@spinfirst
@defaultblock
def get_result(self, indices_or_msg_ids=None, block=None):
"""Retrieve a result by msg_id or history index, wrapped in an AsyncResult object.
If the client already has the results, no request to the Hub will be made.
This is a convenient way to construct AsyncResult objects, which are wrappers
that include metadata about execution, and allow for awaiting results that
were not submitted by this Client.
It can also be a convenient way to retrieve the metadata associated with
blocking execution, since it always retrieves
Examples
--------
::
In [10]: r = client.apply()
Parameters
----------
indices_or_msg_ids : integer history index, str msg_id, or list of either
The indices or msg_ids of indices to be retrieved
block : bool
Whether to wait for the result to be done
Returns
-------
AsyncResult
A single AsyncResult object will always be returned.
AsyncHubResult
A subclass of AsyncResult that retrieves results from the Hub
"""
if indices_or_msg_ids is None:
indices_or_msg_ids = -1
if not isinstance(indices_or_msg_ids, (list,tuple)):
indices_or_msg_ids = [indices_or_msg_ids]
theids = []
for id in indices_or_msg_ids:
if isinstance(id, int):
id = self.history[id]
if not isinstance(id, str):
raise TypeError("indices must be str or int, not %r"%id)
theids.append(id)
local_ids = filter(lambda msg_id: msg_id in self.history or msg_id in self.results, theids)
remote_ids = filter(lambda msg_id: msg_id not in local_ids, theids)
if remote_ids:
ar = AsyncHubResult(self, msg_ids=theids)
else:
ar = AsyncResult(self, msg_ids=theids)
if block:
ar.wait()
return ar
@spinfirst
def result_status(self, msg_ids, status_only=True):
"""Check on the status of the result(s) of the apply request with `msg_ids`.
If status_only is False, then the actual results will be retrieved, else
only the status of the results will be checked.
Parameters
----------
msg_ids : list of msg_ids
if int:
Passed as index to self.history for convenience.
status_only : bool (default: True)
if False:
Retrieve the actual results of completed tasks.
Returns
-------
results : dict
There will always be the keys 'pending' and 'completed', which will
be lists of msg_ids that are incomplete or complete. If `status_only`
is False, then completed results will be keyed by their `msg_id`.
"""
if not isinstance(msg_ids, (list,tuple)):
indices_or_msg_ids = [msg_ids]
theids = []
for msg_id in msg_ids:
if isinstance(msg_id, int):
msg_id = self.history[msg_id]
if not isinstance(msg_id, basestring):
raise TypeError("msg_ids must be str, not %r"%msg_id)
theids.append(msg_id)
completed = []
local_results = {}
# comment this block out to temporarily disable local shortcut:
for msg_id in theids:
if msg_id in self.results:
completed.append(msg_id)
local_results[msg_id] = self.results[msg_id]
theids.remove(msg_id)
if theids: # some not locally cached
content = dict(msg_ids=theids, status_only=status_only)
msg = self.session.send(self._query_socket, "result_request", content=content)
zmq.select([self._query_socket], [], [])
idents,msg = self.session.recv(self._query_socket, zmq.NOBLOCK)
if self.debug:
pprint(msg)
content = msg['content']
if content['status'] != 'ok':
raise self._unwrap_exception(content)
buffers = msg['buffers']
else:
content = dict(completed=[],pending=[])
content['completed'].extend(completed)
if status_only:
return content
failures = []
# load cached results into result:
content.update(local_results)
# update cache with results:
for msg_id in sorted(theids):
if msg_id in content['completed']:
rec = content[msg_id]
parent = rec['header']
header = rec['result_header']
rcontent = rec['result_content']
iodict = rec['io']
if isinstance(rcontent, str):
rcontent = self.session.unpack(rcontent)
md = self.metadata.setdefault(msg_id, Metadata())
md.update(self._extract_metadata(header, parent, rcontent))
md.update(iodict)
if rcontent['status'] == 'ok':
res,buffers = util.unserialize_object(buffers)
else:
print rcontent
res = self._unwrap_exception(rcontent)
failures.append(res)
self.results[msg_id] = res
content[msg_id] = res
if len(theids) == 1 and failures:
raise failures[0]
error.collect_exceptions(failures, "result_status")
return content
@spinfirst
def queue_status(self, targets='all', verbose=False):
"""Fetch the status of engine queues.
Parameters
----------
targets : int/str/list of ints/strs
the engines whose states are to be queried.
default : all
verbose : bool
Whether to return lengths only, or lists of ids for each element
"""
targets = self._build_targets(targets)[1]
content = dict(targets=targets, verbose=verbose)
self.session.send(self._query_socket, "queue_request", content=content)
idents,msg = self.session.recv(self._query_socket, 0)
if self.debug:
pprint(msg)
content = msg['content']
status = content.pop('status')
if status != 'ok':
raise self._unwrap_exception(content)
return util.rekey(content)
@spinfirst
def purge_results(self, jobs=[], targets=[]):
"""Tell the controller to forget results.
Individual results can be purged by msg_id, or the entire
history of specific targets can be purged.
Parameters
----------
jobs : str or list of strs or AsyncResult objects
the msg_ids whose results should be forgotten.
targets : int/str/list of ints/strs
The targets, by uuid or int_id, whose entire history is to be purged.
Use `targets='all'` to scrub everything from the controller's memory.
default : None
"""
if not targets and not jobs:
raise ValueError("Must specify at least one of `targets` and `jobs`")
if targets:
targets = self._build_targets(targets)[1]
# construct msg_ids from jobs
msg_ids = []
if isinstance(jobs, (basestring,AsyncResult)):
jobs = [jobs]
bad_ids = filter(lambda obj: not isinstance(obj, (basestring, AsyncResult)), jobs)
if bad_ids:
raise TypeError("Invalid msg_id type %r, expected str or AsyncResult"%bad_ids[0])
for j in jobs:
if isinstance(j, AsyncResult):
msg_ids.extend(j.msg_ids)
else:
msg_ids.append(j)
content = dict(targets=targets, msg_ids=msg_ids)
self.session.send(self._query_socket, "purge_request", content=content)
idents, msg = self.session.recv(self._query_socket, 0)
if self.debug:
pprint(msg)
content = msg['content']
if content['status'] != 'ok':
raise self._unwrap_exception(content)
__all__ = [ 'Client',
'depend',
'require',
'remote',
'parallel',
'RemoteFunction',
'ParallelFunction',
'DirectView',
'LoadBalancedView',
'AsyncResult',
'AsyncMapResult',
'Reference'
]