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# encoding: utf-8
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"""
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A base class for a configurable application.
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Authors:
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* Brian Granger
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* Min RK
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"""
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#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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# Copyright (C) 2008-2011 The IPython Development Team
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#
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# Distributed under the terms of the BSD License. The full license is in
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# the file COPYING, distributed as part of this software.
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#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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# Imports
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#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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import logging
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import os
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import re
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import sys
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from copy import deepcopy
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from IPython.config.configurable import SingletonConfigurable
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from IPython.config.loader import (
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KeyValueConfigLoader, PyFileConfigLoader, Config, ArgumentError
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)
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from IPython.utils.traitlets import (
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Unicode, List, Int, Enum, Dict, Instance, TraitError
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)
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from IPython.utils.importstring import import_item
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from IPython.utils.text import indent, wrap_paragraphs, dedent
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#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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# function for re-wrapping a helpstring
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#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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# Descriptions for the various sections
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#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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# merge flags&aliases into options
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option_description = """
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IPython command-line arguments are passed as '--<flag>', or '--<name>=<value>'.
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Arguments that take values are actually convenience aliases to full
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Configurables, whose aliases are listed on the help line. For more information
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on full configurables, see '--help-all'.
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""".strip() # trim newlines of front and back
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keyvalue_description = """
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Parameters are set from command-line arguments of the form:
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`--Class.trait=value`.
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This line is evaluated in Python, so simple expressions are allowed, e.g.::
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`--C.a='range(3)'` For setting C.a=[0,1,2].
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""".strip() # trim newlines of front and back
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subcommand_description = """
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Subcommands are launched as `{app} cmd [args]`. For information on using
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subcommand 'cmd', do: `{app} cmd -h`.
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""".strip().format(app=os.path.basename(sys.argv[0]))
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# get running program name
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#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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# Application class
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#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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class ApplicationError(Exception):
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pass
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class Application(SingletonConfigurable):
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"""A singleton application with full configuration support."""
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# The name of the application, will usually match the name of the command
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# line application
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name = Unicode(u'application')
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# The description of the application that is printed at the beginning
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# of the help.
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description = Unicode(u'This is an application.')
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# default section descriptions
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option_description = Unicode(option_description)
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keyvalue_description = Unicode(keyvalue_description)
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subcommand_description = Unicode(subcommand_description)
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# The usage and example string that goes at the end of the help string.
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examples = Unicode()
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# A sequence of Configurable subclasses whose config=True attributes will
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# be exposed at the command line.
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classes = List([])
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# The version string of this application.
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version = Unicode(u'0.0')
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# The log level for the application
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log_level = Enum((0,10,20,30,40,50,'DEBUG','INFO','WARN','ERROR','CRITICAL'),
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default_value=logging.WARN,
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config=True,
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help="Set the log level by value or name.")
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def _log_level_changed(self, name, old, new):
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"""Adjust the log level when log_level is set."""
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if isinstance(new, basestring):
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new = getattr(logging, new)
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self.log_level = new
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self.log.setLevel(new)
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# the alias map for configurables
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aliases = Dict({'log-level' : 'Application.log_level'})
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# flags for loading Configurables or store_const style flags
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# flags are loaded from this dict by '--key' flags
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# this must be a dict of two-tuples, the first element being the Config/dict
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# and the second being the help string for the flag
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flags = Dict()
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def _flags_changed(self, name, old, new):
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"""ensure flags dict is valid"""
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for key,value in new.iteritems():
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assert len(value) == 2, "Bad flag: %r:%s"%(key,value)
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assert isinstance(value[0], (dict, Config)), "Bad flag: %r:%s"%(key,value)
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assert isinstance(value[1], basestring), "Bad flag: %r:%s"%(key,value)
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# subcommands for launching other applications
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# if this is not empty, this will be a parent Application
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# this must be a dict of two-tuples,
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# the first element being the application class/import string
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# and the second being the help string for the subcommand
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subcommands = Dict()
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# parse_command_line will initialize a subapp, if requested
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subapp = Instance('IPython.config.application.Application', allow_none=True)
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# extra command-line arguments that don't set config values
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extra_args = List(Unicode)
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def __init__(self, **kwargs):
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SingletonConfigurable.__init__(self, **kwargs)
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# Ensure my class is in self.classes, so my attributes appear in command line
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# options and config files.
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if self.__class__ not in self.classes:
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self.classes.insert(0, self.__class__)
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self.init_logging()
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def _config_changed(self, name, old, new):
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SingletonConfigurable._config_changed(self, name, old, new)
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self.log.debug('Config changed:')
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self.log.debug(repr(new))
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def init_logging(self):
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"""Start logging for this application.
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The default is to log to stdout using a StreaHandler. The log level
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starts at loggin.WARN, but this can be adjusted by setting the
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``log_level`` attribute.
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"""
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self.log = logging.getLogger(self.__class__.__name__)
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self.log.setLevel(self.log_level)
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if sys.executable.endswith('pythonw.exe'):
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# this should really go to a file, but file-logging is only
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# hooked up in parallel applications
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self._log_handler = logging.StreamHandler(open(os.devnull, 'w'))
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else:
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self._log_handler = logging.StreamHandler()
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self._log_formatter = logging.Formatter("[%(name)s] %(message)s")
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self._log_handler.setFormatter(self._log_formatter)
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self.log.addHandler(self._log_handler)
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def initialize(self, argv=None):
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"""Do the basic steps to configure me.
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Override in subclasses.
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"""
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self.parse_command_line(argv)
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def start(self):
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"""Start the app mainloop.
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Override in subclasses.
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"""
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if self.subapp is not None:
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return self.subapp.start()
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def print_alias_help(self):
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"""Print the alias part of the help."""
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if not self.aliases:
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return
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lines = []
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classdict = {}
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for cls in self.classes:
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# include all parents (up to, but excluding Configurable) in available names
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for c in cls.mro()[:-3]:
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classdict[c.__name__] = c
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for alias, longname in self.aliases.iteritems():
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classname, traitname = longname.split('.',1)
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cls = classdict[classname]
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trait = cls.class_traits(config=True)[traitname]
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help = cls.class_get_trait_help(trait).splitlines()
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# reformat first line
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help[0] = help[0].replace(longname, alias) + ' (%s)'%longname
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lines.extend(help)
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# lines.append('')
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print os.linesep.join(lines)
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def print_flag_help(self):
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"""Print the flag part of the help."""
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if not self.flags:
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return
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lines = []
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for m, (cfg,help) in self.flags.iteritems():
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lines.append('--'+m)
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lines.append(indent(dedent(help.strip())))
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# lines.append('')
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print os.linesep.join(lines)
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def print_options(self):
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if not self.flags and not self.aliases:
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return
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lines = ['Options']
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lines.append('-'*len(lines[0]))
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lines.append('')
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for p in wrap_paragraphs(self.option_description):
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lines.append(p)
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lines.append('')
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print os.linesep.join(lines)
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self.print_flag_help()
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self.print_alias_help()
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print
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def print_subcommands(self):
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"""Print the subcommand part of the help."""
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if not self.subcommands:
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return
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lines = ["Subcommands"]
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lines.append('-'*len(lines[0]))
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lines.append('')
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for p in wrap_paragraphs(self.subcommand_description):
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lines.append(p)
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lines.append('')
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for subc, (cls, help) in self.subcommands.iteritems():
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lines.append(subc)
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if help:
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lines.append(indent(dedent(help.strip())))
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lines.append('')
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print os.linesep.join(lines)
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def print_help(self, classes=False):
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"""Print the help for each Configurable class in self.classes.
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If classes=False (the default), only flags and aliases are printed.
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"""
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self.print_subcommands()
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self.print_options()
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if classes:
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if self.classes:
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print "Class parameters"
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print "----------------"
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print
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for p in wrap_paragraphs(self.keyvalue_description):
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print p
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print
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for cls in self.classes:
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cls.class_print_help()
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print
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else:
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print "To see all available configurables, use `--help-all`"
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print
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def print_description(self):
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"""Print the application description."""
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for p in wrap_paragraphs(self.description):
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print p
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print
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def print_examples(self):
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"""Print usage and examples.
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This usage string goes at the end of the command line help string
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and should contain examples of the application's usage.
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"""
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if self.examples:
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print "Examples"
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print "--------"
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print
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print indent(dedent(self.examples.strip()))
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print
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def print_version(self):
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"""Print the version string."""
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print self.version
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def update_config(self, config):
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"""Fire the traits events when the config is updated."""
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# Save a copy of the current config.
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newconfig = deepcopy(self.config)
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# Merge the new config into the current one.
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newconfig._merge(config)
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# Save the combined config as self.config, which triggers the traits
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# events.
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self.config = newconfig
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def initialize_subcommand(self, subc, argv=None):
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"""Initialize a subcommand with argv."""
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subapp,help = self.subcommands.get(subc)
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if isinstance(subapp, basestring):
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subapp = import_item(subapp)
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# clear existing instances
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self.__class__.clear_instance()
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# instantiate
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self.subapp = subapp.instance()
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# and initialize subapp
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self.subapp.initialize(argv)
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def parse_command_line(self, argv=None):
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"""Parse the command line arguments."""
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argv = sys.argv[1:] if argv is None else argv
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if self.subcommands and len(argv) > 0:
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# we have subcommands, and one may have been specified
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subc, subargv = argv[0], argv[1:]
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if re.match(r'^\w(\-?\w)*$', subc) and subc in self.subcommands:
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# it's a subcommand, and *not* a flag or class parameter
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return self.initialize_subcommand(subc, subargv)
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if '-h' in argv or '--help' in argv or '--help-all' in argv:
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self.print_description()
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self.print_help('--help-all' in argv)
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self.print_examples()
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self.exit(0)
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if '--version' in argv:
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self.print_version()
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self.exit(0)
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loader = KeyValueConfigLoader(argv=argv, aliases=self.aliases,
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flags=self.flags)
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try:
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config = loader.load_config()
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self.update_config(config)
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except (TraitError, ArgumentError) as e:
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self.print_description()
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self.print_help()
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self.print_examples()
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self.log.fatal(str(e))
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self.exit(1)
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# store unparsed args in extra_args
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self.extra_args = loader.extra_args
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def load_config_file(self, filename, path=None):
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"""Load a .py based config file by filename and path."""
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loader = PyFileConfigLoader(filename, path=path)
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try:
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config = loader.load_config()
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except IOError:
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# problem with the file (probably doesn't exist), raise
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raise
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except Exception:
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# problem while running the file
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self.log.error("Exception while loading config file %s [path=%s]"%
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(filename, path), exc_info=True)
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else:
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self.update_config(config)
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def generate_config_file(self):
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"""generate default config file from Configurables"""
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lines = ["# Configuration file for %s."%self.name]
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lines.append('')
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lines.append('c = get_config()')
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lines.append('')
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for cls in self.classes:
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lines.append(cls.class_config_section())
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return '\n'.join(lines)
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def exit(self, exit_status=0):
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self.log.debug("Exiting application: %s" % self.name)
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sys.exit(exit_status)
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#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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# utility functions, for convenience
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#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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def boolean_flag(name, configurable, set_help='', unset_help=''):
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"""Helper for building basic --trait, --no-trait flags.
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Parameters
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----------
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name : str
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The name of the flag.
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configurable : str
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The 'Class.trait' string of the trait to be set/unset with the flag
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set_help : unicode
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help string for --name flag
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unset_help : unicode
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help string for --no-name flag
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Returns
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-------
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cfg : dict
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A dict with two keys: 'name', and 'no-name', for setting and unsetting
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the trait, respectively.
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"""
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# default helpstrings
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set_help = set_help or "set %s=True"%configurable
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unset_help = unset_help or "set %s=False"%configurable
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cls,trait = configurable.split('.')
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setter = {cls : {trait : True}}
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unsetter = {cls : {trait : False}}
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return {name : (setter, set_help), 'no-'+name : (unsetter, unset_help)}
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