IPython/core/tests/test_magic.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""Tests for various magic functions.

Needs to be run by nose (to make ipython session available).
"""

import io
import os
import re
import sys
import warnings
from textwrap import dedent
from unittest import TestCase
from importlib import invalidate_caches
from io import StringIO

import nose.tools as nt

import shlex

from IPython import get_ipython
from IPython.core import magic
from IPython.core.error import UsageError
from IPython.core.magic import (Magics, magics_class, line_magic,
                                cell_magic,
                                register_line_magic, register_cell_magic)
from IPython.core.magics import execution, script, code, logging, osm
from IPython.testing import decorators as dec
from IPython.testing import tools as tt
from IPython.utils.io import capture_output
from IPython.utils.tempdir import (TemporaryDirectory,
                                    TemporaryWorkingDirectory)
from IPython.utils.process import find_cmd



_ip = get_ipython()

@magic.magics_class
class DummyMagics(magic.Magics): pass

def test_extract_code_ranges():
    instr = "1 3 5-6 7-9 10:15 17: :10 10- -13 :"
    expected = [(0, 1), 
                (2, 3),
                (4, 6),
                (6, 9),
                (9, 14),
                (16, None),
                (None, 9),
                (9, None),
                (None, 13),
                (None, None)]
    actual = list(code.extract_code_ranges(instr))
    nt.assert_equal(actual, expected)

def test_extract_symbols():
    source = """import foo\na = 10\ndef b():\n    return 42\n\n\nclass A: pass\n\n\n"""
    symbols_args = ["a", "b", "A", "A,b", "A,a", "z"]
    expected = [([], ['a']),
                (["def b():\n    return 42\n"], []),
                (["class A: pass\n"], []),
                (["class A: pass\n", "def b():\n    return 42\n"], []),
                (["class A: pass\n"], ['a']),
                ([], ['z'])]
    for symbols, exp in zip(symbols_args, expected):
        nt.assert_equal(code.extract_symbols(source, symbols), exp)


def test_extract_symbols_raises_exception_with_non_python_code():
    source = ("=begin A Ruby program :)=end\n"
              "def hello\n"
              "puts 'Hello world'\n"
              "end")
    with nt.assert_raises(SyntaxError):
        code.extract_symbols(source, "hello")


def test_magic_not_found():
    # magic not found raises UsageError
    with nt.assert_raises(UsageError):
        _ip.magic('doesntexist')

    # ensure result isn't success when a magic isn't found
    result = _ip.run_cell('%doesntexist')
    assert isinstance(result.error_in_exec, UsageError)


def test_cell_magic_not_found():
    # magic not found raises UsageError
    with nt.assert_raises(UsageError):
        _ip.run_cell_magic('doesntexist', 'line', 'cell')

    # ensure result isn't success when a magic isn't found
    result = _ip.run_cell('%%doesntexist')
    assert isinstance(result.error_in_exec, UsageError)


def test_magic_error_status():
    def fail(shell):
        1/0
    _ip.register_magic_function(fail)
    result = _ip.run_cell('%fail')
    assert isinstance(result.error_in_exec, ZeroDivisionError)


def test_config():
    """ test that config magic does not raise
    can happen if Configurable init is moved too early into
    Magics.__init__ as then a Config object will be registered as a
    magic.
    """
    ## should not raise.
    _ip.magic('config')

def test_config_available_configs():
    """ test that config magic prints available configs in unique and
    sorted order. """
    with capture_output() as captured:
        _ip.magic('config')

    stdout = captured.stdout
    config_classes = stdout.strip().split('\n')[1:]
    nt.assert_list_equal(config_classes, sorted(set(config_classes)))

def test_config_print_class():
    """ test that config with a classname prints the class's options. """
    with capture_output() as captured:
        _ip.magic('config TerminalInteractiveShell')

    stdout = captured.stdout
    if not re.match("TerminalInteractiveShell.* options", stdout.splitlines()[0]):
        print(stdout)
        raise AssertionError("1st line of stdout not like "
                             "'TerminalInteractiveShell.* options'")

def test_rehashx():
    # clear up everything
    _ip.alias_manager.clear_aliases()
    del _ip.db['syscmdlist']
    
    _ip.magic('rehashx')
    # Practically ALL ipython development systems will have more than 10 aliases

    nt.assert_true(len(_ip.alias_manager.aliases) > 10)
    for name, cmd in _ip.alias_manager.aliases:
        # we must strip dots from alias names
        nt.assert_not_in('.', name)

    # rehashx must fill up syscmdlist
    scoms = _ip.db['syscmdlist']
    nt.assert_true(len(scoms) > 10)


def test_magic_parse_options():
    """Test that we don't mangle paths when parsing magic options."""
    ip = get_ipython()
    path = 'c:\\x'
    m = DummyMagics(ip)
    opts = m.parse_options('-f %s' % path,'f:')[0]
    # argv splitting is os-dependent
    if os.name == 'posix':
        expected = 'c:x'
    else:
        expected = path
    nt.assert_equal(opts['f'], expected)

def test_magic_parse_long_options():
    """Magic.parse_options can handle --foo=bar long options"""
    ip = get_ipython()
    m = DummyMagics(ip)
    opts, _ = m.parse_options('--foo --bar=bubble', 'a', 'foo', 'bar=')
    nt.assert_in('foo', opts)
    nt.assert_in('bar', opts)
    nt.assert_equal(opts['bar'], "bubble")


@dec.skip_without('sqlite3')
def doctest_hist_f():
    """Test %hist -f with temporary filename.

    In [9]: import tempfile

    In [10]: tfile = tempfile.mktemp('.py','tmp-ipython-')

    In [11]: %hist -nl -f $tfile 3

    In [13]: import os; os.unlink(tfile)
    """


@dec.skip_without('sqlite3')
def doctest_hist_r():
    """Test %hist -r

    XXX - This test is not recording the output correctly.  For some reason, in
    testing mode the raw history isn't getting populated.  No idea why.
    Disabling the output checking for now, though at least we do run it.

    In [1]: 'hist' in _ip.lsmagic()
    Out[1]: True

    In [2]: x=1

    In [3]: %hist -rl 2
    x=1 # random
    %hist -r 2
    """


@dec.skip_without('sqlite3')
def doctest_hist_op():
    """Test %hist -op

    In [1]: class b(float):
       ...:     pass
       ...: 

    In [2]: class s(object):
       ...:     def __str__(self):
       ...:         return 's'
       ...: 

    In [3]: 

    In [4]: class r(b):
       ...:     def __repr__(self):
       ...:         return 'r'
       ...: 

    In [5]: class sr(s,r): pass
       ...: 

    In [6]: 

    In [7]: bb=b()

    In [8]: ss=s()

    In [9]: rr=r()

    In [10]: ssrr=sr()

    In [11]: 4.5
    Out[11]: 4.5

    In [12]: str(ss)
    Out[12]: 's'

    In [13]: 

    In [14]: %hist -op
    >>> class b:
    ...     pass
    ... 
    >>> class s(b):
    ...     def __str__(self):
    ...         return 's'
    ... 
    >>> 
    >>> class r(b):
    ...     def __repr__(self):
    ...         return 'r'
    ... 
    >>> class sr(s,r): pass
    >>> 
    >>> bb=b()
    >>> ss=s()
    >>> rr=r()
    >>> ssrr=sr()
    >>> 4.5
    4.5
    >>> str(ss)
    's'
    >>> 
    """

def test_hist_pof():
    ip = get_ipython()
    ip.run_cell(u"1+2", store_history=True)
    #raise Exception(ip.history_manager.session_number)
    #raise Exception(list(ip.history_manager._get_range_session()))
    with TemporaryDirectory() as td:
        tf = os.path.join(td, 'hist.py')
        ip.run_line_magic('history', '-pof %s' % tf)
        assert os.path.isfile(tf)


@dec.skip_without('sqlite3')
def test_macro():
    ip = get_ipython()
    ip.history_manager.reset()   # Clear any existing history.
    cmds = ["a=1", "def b():\n  return a**2", "print(a,b())"]
    for i, cmd in enumerate(cmds, start=1):
        ip.history_manager.store_inputs(i, cmd)
    ip.magic("macro test 1-3")
    nt.assert_equal(ip.user_ns["test"].value, "\n".join(cmds)+"\n")
    
    # List macros
    nt.assert_in("test", ip.magic("macro"))


@dec.skip_without('sqlite3')
def test_macro_run():
    """Test that we can run a multi-line macro successfully."""
    ip = get_ipython()
    ip.history_manager.reset()
    cmds = ["a=10", "a+=1", "print(a)", "%macro test 2-3"]
    for cmd in cmds:
        ip.run_cell(cmd, store_history=True)
    nt.assert_equal(ip.user_ns["test"].value, "a+=1\nprint(a)\n")
    with tt.AssertPrints("12"):
        ip.run_cell("test")
    with tt.AssertPrints("13"):
        ip.run_cell("test")


def test_magic_magic():
    """Test %magic"""
    ip = get_ipython()
    with capture_output() as captured:
        ip.magic("magic")
    
    stdout = captured.stdout
    nt.assert_in('%magic', stdout)
    nt.assert_in('IPython', stdout)
    nt.assert_in('Available', stdout)


@dec.skipif_not_numpy
def test_numpy_reset_array_undec():
    "Test '%reset array' functionality"
    _ip.ex('import numpy as np')
    _ip.ex('a = np.empty(2)')
    nt.assert_in('a', _ip.user_ns)
    _ip.magic('reset -f array')
    nt.assert_not_in('a', _ip.user_ns)

def test_reset_out():
    "Test '%reset out' magic"
    _ip.run_cell("parrot = 'dead'", store_history=True)
    # test '%reset -f out', make an Out prompt
    _ip.run_cell("parrot", store_history=True)
    nt.assert_true('dead' in [_ip.user_ns[x] for x in ('_','__','___')])
    _ip.magic('reset -f out')
    nt.assert_false('dead' in [_ip.user_ns[x] for x in ('_','__','___')])
    nt.assert_equal(len(_ip.user_ns['Out']), 0)

def test_reset_in():
    "Test '%reset in' magic"
    # test '%reset -f in'
    _ip.run_cell("parrot", store_history=True)
    nt.assert_true('parrot' in [_ip.user_ns[x] for x in ('_i','_ii','_iii')])
    _ip.magic('%reset -f in')
    nt.assert_false('parrot' in [_ip.user_ns[x] for x in ('_i','_ii','_iii')])
    nt.assert_equal(len(set(_ip.user_ns['In'])), 1)

def test_reset_dhist():
    "Test '%reset dhist' magic"
    _ip.run_cell("tmp = [d for d in _dh]") # copy before clearing
    _ip.magic('cd ' + os.path.dirname(nt.__file__))
    _ip.magic('cd -')
    nt.assert_true(len(_ip.user_ns['_dh']) > 0)
    _ip.magic('reset -f dhist')
    nt.assert_equal(len(_ip.user_ns['_dh']), 0)
    _ip.run_cell("_dh = [d for d in tmp]") #restore

def test_reset_in_length():
    "Test that '%reset in' preserves In[] length"
    _ip.run_cell("print 'foo'")
    _ip.run_cell("reset -f in")
    nt.assert_equal(len(_ip.user_ns['In']), _ip.displayhook.prompt_count+1)

def test_tb_syntaxerror():
    """test %tb after a SyntaxError"""
    ip = get_ipython()
    ip.run_cell("for")
    
    # trap and validate stdout
    save_stdout = sys.stdout
    try:
        sys.stdout = StringIO()
        ip.run_cell("%tb")
        out = sys.stdout.getvalue()
    finally:
        sys.stdout = save_stdout
    # trim output, and only check the last line
    last_line = out.rstrip().splitlines()[-1].strip()
    nt.assert_equal(last_line, "SyntaxError: invalid syntax")


def test_time():
    ip = get_ipython()
    
    with tt.AssertPrints("Wall time: "):
        ip.run_cell("%time None")
    
    ip.run_cell("def f(kmjy):\n"
                "    %time print (2*kmjy)")
    
    with tt.AssertPrints("Wall time: "):
        with tt.AssertPrints("hihi", suppress=False):
            ip.run_cell("f('hi')")


@dec.skip_win32
def test_time2():
    ip = get_ipython()
    
    with tt.AssertPrints("CPU times: user "):
        ip.run_cell("%time None")

def test_time3():
    """Erroneous magic function calls, issue gh-3334"""
    ip = get_ipython()
    ip.user_ns.pop('run', None)
    
    with tt.AssertNotPrints("not found", channel='stderr'):
        ip.run_cell("%%time\n"
                    "run = 0\n"
                    "run += 1")

def test_multiline_time():
    """Make sure last statement from time return a value."""
    ip = get_ipython()
    ip.user_ns.pop('run', None)

    ip.run_cell(dedent("""\
        %%time
        a = "ho"
        b = "hey"
        a+b
        """))
    nt.assert_equal(ip.user_ns_hidden['_'], 'hohey')

def test_time_local_ns():
    """
    Test that local_ns is actually global_ns when running a cell magic
    """
    ip = get_ipython()
    ip.run_cell("%%time\n"
                "myvar = 1")
    nt.assert_equal(ip.user_ns['myvar'], 1)
    del ip.user_ns['myvar']

def test_doctest_mode():
    "Toggle doctest_mode twice, it should be a no-op and run without error"
    _ip.magic('doctest_mode')
    _ip.magic('doctest_mode')


def test_parse_options():
    """Tests for basic options parsing in magics."""
    # These are only the most minimal of tests, more should be added later.  At
    # the very least we check that basic text/unicode calls work OK.
    m = DummyMagics(_ip)
    nt.assert_equal(m.parse_options('foo', '')[1], 'foo')
    nt.assert_equal(m.parse_options(u'foo', '')[1], u'foo')


def test_dirops():
    """Test various directory handling operations."""
    # curpath = lambda :os.path.splitdrive(os.getcwd())[1].replace('\\','/')
    curpath = os.getcwd
    startdir = os.getcwd()
    ipdir = os.path.realpath(_ip.ipython_dir)
    try:
        _ip.magic('cd "%s"' % ipdir)
        nt.assert_equal(curpath(), ipdir)
        _ip.magic('cd -')
        nt.assert_equal(curpath(), startdir)
        _ip.magic('pushd "%s"' % ipdir)
        nt.assert_equal(curpath(), ipdir)
        _ip.magic('popd')
        nt.assert_equal(curpath(), startdir)
    finally:
        os.chdir(startdir)


def test_cd_force_quiet():
    """Test OSMagics.cd_force_quiet option"""
    _ip.config.OSMagics.cd_force_quiet = True
    osmagics = osm.OSMagics(shell=_ip)

    startdir = os.getcwd()
    ipdir = os.path.realpath(_ip.ipython_dir)

    try:
        with tt.AssertNotPrints(ipdir):
            osmagics.cd('"%s"' % ipdir)
        with tt.AssertNotPrints(startdir):
            osmagics.cd('-')
    finally:
        os.chdir(startdir)


def test_xmode():
    # Calling xmode three times should be a no-op
    xmode = _ip.InteractiveTB.mode
    for i in range(4):
        _ip.magic("xmode")
    nt.assert_equal(_ip.InteractiveTB.mode, xmode)
    
def test_reset_hard():
    monitor = []
    class A(object):
        def __del__(self):
            monitor.append(1)
        def __repr__(self):
            return "<A instance>"
            
    _ip.user_ns["a"] = A()
    _ip.run_cell("a")
    
    nt.assert_equal(monitor, [])
    _ip.magic("reset -f")
    nt.assert_equal(monitor, [1])
    
class TestXdel(tt.TempFileMixin):
    def test_xdel(self):
        """Test that references from %run are cleared by xdel."""
        src = ("class A(object):\n"
               "    monitor = []\n"
               "    def __del__(self):\n"
               "        self.monitor.append(1)\n"
               "a = A()\n")
        self.mktmp(src)
        # %run creates some hidden references...
        _ip.magic("run %s" % self.fname)
        # ... as does the displayhook.
        _ip.run_cell("a")
        
        monitor = _ip.user_ns["A"].monitor
        nt.assert_equal(monitor, [])
        
        _ip.magic("xdel a")
        
        # Check that a's __del__ method has been called.
        nt.assert_equal(monitor, [1])

def doctest_who():
    """doctest for %who
    
    In [1]: %reset -f
    
    In [2]: alpha = 123
    
    In [3]: beta = 'beta'
    
    In [4]: %who int
    alpha
    
    In [5]: %who str
    beta
    
    In [6]: %whos
    Variable   Type    Data/Info
    ----------------------------
    alpha      int     123
    beta       str     beta
    
    In [7]: %who_ls
    Out[7]: ['alpha', 'beta']
    """

def test_whos():
    """Check that whos is protected against objects where repr() fails."""
    class A(object):
        def __repr__(self):
            raise Exception()
    _ip.user_ns['a'] = A()
    _ip.magic("whos")

def doctest_precision():
    """doctest for %precision
    
    In [1]: f = get_ipython().display_formatter.formatters['text/plain']
    
    In [2]: %precision 5
    Out[2]: '%.5f'
    
    In [3]: f.float_format
    Out[3]: '%.5f'
    
    In [4]: %precision %e
    Out[4]: '%e'
    
    In [5]: f(3.1415927)
    Out[5]: '3.141593e+00'
    """

def test_psearch():
    with tt.AssertPrints("dict.fromkeys"):
        _ip.run_cell("dict.fr*?")

def test_timeit_shlex():
    """test shlex issues with timeit (#1109)"""
    _ip.ex("def f(*a,**kw): pass")
    _ip.magic('timeit -n1 "this is a bug".count(" ")')
    _ip.magic('timeit -r1 -n1 f(" ", 1)')
    _ip.magic('timeit -r1 -n1 f(" ", 1, " ", 2, " ")')
    _ip.magic('timeit -r1 -n1 ("a " + "b")')
    _ip.magic('timeit -r1 -n1 f("a " + "b")')
    _ip.magic('timeit -r1 -n1 f("a " + "b ")')


def test_timeit_special_syntax():
    "Test %%timeit with IPython special syntax"
    @register_line_magic
    def lmagic(line):
        ip = get_ipython()
        ip.user_ns['lmagic_out'] = line

    # line mode test
    _ip.run_line_magic('timeit', '-n1 -r1 %lmagic my line')
    nt.assert_equal(_ip.user_ns['lmagic_out'], 'my line')
    # cell mode test
    _ip.run_cell_magic('timeit', '-n1 -r1', '%lmagic my line2')
    nt.assert_equal(_ip.user_ns['lmagic_out'], 'my line2')

def test_timeit_return():
    """
    test whether timeit -o return object
    """

    res = _ip.run_line_magic('timeit','-n10 -r10 -o 1')
    assert(res is not None)

def test_timeit_quiet():
    """
    test quiet option of timeit magic
    """
    with tt.AssertNotPrints("loops"):
        _ip.run_cell("%timeit -n1 -r1 -q 1")

def test_timeit_return_quiet():
    with tt.AssertNotPrints("loops"):
        res = _ip.run_line_magic('timeit', '-n1 -r1 -q -o 1')
    assert (res is not None)

def test_timeit_invalid_return():
    with nt.assert_raises_regex(SyntaxError, "outside function"):
        _ip.run_line_magic('timeit', 'return')

@dec.skipif(execution.profile is None)
def test_prun_special_syntax():
    "Test %%prun with IPython special syntax"
    @register_line_magic
    def lmagic(line):
        ip = get_ipython()
        ip.user_ns['lmagic_out'] = line

    # line mode test
    _ip.run_line_magic('prun', '-q %lmagic my line')
    nt.assert_equal(_ip.user_ns['lmagic_out'], 'my line')
    # cell mode test
    _ip.run_cell_magic('prun', '-q', '%lmagic my line2')
    nt.assert_equal(_ip.user_ns['lmagic_out'], 'my line2')

@dec.skipif(execution.profile is None)
def test_prun_quotes():
    "Test that prun does not clobber string escapes (GH #1302)"
    _ip.magic(r"prun -q x = '\t'")
    nt.assert_equal(_ip.user_ns['x'], '\t')

def test_extension():
    # Debugging information for failures of this test
    print('sys.path:')
    for p in sys.path:
        print(' ', p)
    print('CWD', os.getcwd())

    nt.assert_raises(ImportError, _ip.magic, "load_ext daft_extension")
    daft_path = os.path.join(os.path.dirname(__file__), "daft_extension")
    sys.path.insert(0, daft_path)
    try:
        _ip.user_ns.pop('arq', None)
        invalidate_caches()   # Clear import caches
        _ip.magic("load_ext daft_extension")
        nt.assert_equal(_ip.user_ns['arq'], 185)
        _ip.magic("unload_ext daft_extension")
        assert 'arq' not in _ip.user_ns
    finally:
        sys.path.remove(daft_path)


def test_notebook_export_json():
    _ip = get_ipython()
    _ip.history_manager.reset()   # Clear any existing history.
    cmds = [u"a=1", u"def b():\n  return a**2", u"print('noël, été', b())"]
    for i, cmd in enumerate(cmds, start=1):
        _ip.history_manager.store_inputs(i, cmd)
    with TemporaryDirectory() as td:
        outfile = os.path.join(td, "nb.ipynb")
        _ip.magic("notebook -e %s" % outfile)


class TestEnv(TestCase):

    def test_env(self):
        env = _ip.magic("env")
        self.assertTrue(isinstance(env, dict))

    def test_env_get_set_simple(self):
        env = _ip.magic("env var val1")
        self.assertEqual(env, None)
        self.assertEqual(os.environ['var'], 'val1')
        self.assertEqual(_ip.magic("env var"), 'val1')
        env = _ip.magic("env var=val2")
        self.assertEqual(env, None)
        self.assertEqual(os.environ['var'], 'val2')

    def test_env_get_set_complex(self):
        env = _ip.magic("env var 'val1 '' 'val2")
        self.assertEqual(env, None)
        self.assertEqual(os.environ['var'], "'val1 '' 'val2")
        self.assertEqual(_ip.magic("env var"), "'val1 '' 'val2")
        env = _ip.magic('env var=val2 val3="val4')
        self.assertEqual(env, None)
        self.assertEqual(os.environ['var'], 'val2 val3="val4')

    def test_env_set_bad_input(self):
        self.assertRaises(UsageError, lambda: _ip.magic("set_env var"))

    def test_env_set_whitespace(self):
        self.assertRaises(UsageError, lambda: _ip.magic("env var A=B"))


class CellMagicTestCase(TestCase):

    def check_ident(self, magic):
        # Manually called, we get the result
        out = _ip.run_cell_magic(magic, 'a', 'b')
        nt.assert_equal(out, ('a','b'))
        # Via run_cell, it goes into the user's namespace via displayhook
        _ip.run_cell('%%' + magic +' c\nd\n')
        nt.assert_equal(_ip.user_ns['_'], ('c','d\n'))

    def test_cell_magic_func_deco(self):
        "Cell magic using simple decorator"
        @register_cell_magic
        def cellm(line, cell):
            return line, cell

        self.check_ident('cellm')

    def test_cell_magic_reg(self):
        "Cell magic manually registered"
        def cellm(line, cell):
            return line, cell

        _ip.register_magic_function(cellm, 'cell', 'cellm2')
        self.check_ident('cellm2')

    def test_cell_magic_class(self):
        "Cell magics declared via a class"
        @magics_class
        class MyMagics(Magics):

            @cell_magic
            def cellm3(self, line, cell):
                return line, cell

        _ip.register_magics(MyMagics)
        self.check_ident('cellm3')

    def test_cell_magic_class2(self):
        "Cell magics declared via a class, #2"
        @magics_class
        class MyMagics2(Magics):

            @cell_magic('cellm4')
            def cellm33(self, line, cell):
                return line, cell
            
        _ip.register_magics(MyMagics2)
        self.check_ident('cellm4')
        # Check that nothing is registered as 'cellm33'
        c33 = _ip.find_cell_magic('cellm33')
        nt.assert_equal(c33, None)

def test_file():
    """Basic %%writefile"""
    ip = get_ipython()
    with TemporaryDirectory() as td:
        fname = os.path.join(td, 'file1')
        ip.run_cell_magic("writefile", fname, u'\n'.join([
            'line1',
            'line2',
        ]))
        with open(fname) as f:
            s = f.read()
        nt.assert_in('line1\n', s)
        nt.assert_in('line2', s)

@dec.skip_win32
def test_file_single_quote():
    """Basic %%writefile with embedded single quotes"""
    ip = get_ipython()
    with TemporaryDirectory() as td:
        fname = os.path.join(td, '\'file1\'')
        ip.run_cell_magic("writefile", fname, u'\n'.join([
            'line1',
            'line2',
        ]))
        with open(fname) as f:
            s = f.read()
        nt.assert_in('line1\n', s)
        nt.assert_in('line2', s)

@dec.skip_win32
def test_file_double_quote():
    """Basic %%writefile with embedded double quotes"""
    ip = get_ipython()
    with TemporaryDirectory() as td:
        fname = os.path.join(td, '"file1"')
        ip.run_cell_magic("writefile", fname, u'\n'.join([
            'line1',
            'line2',
        ]))
        with open(fname) as f:
            s = f.read()
        nt.assert_in('line1\n', s)
        nt.assert_in('line2', s)

def test_file_var_expand():
    """%%writefile $filename"""
    ip = get_ipython()
    with TemporaryDirectory() as td:
        fname = os.path.join(td, 'file1')
        ip.user_ns['filename'] = fname
        ip.run_cell_magic("writefile", '$filename', u'\n'.join([
            'line1',
            'line2',
        ]))
        with open(fname) as f:
            s = f.read()
        nt.assert_in('line1\n', s)
        nt.assert_in('line2', s)

def test_file_unicode():
    """%%writefile with unicode cell"""
    ip = get_ipython()
    with TemporaryDirectory() as td:
        fname = os.path.join(td, 'file1')
        ip.run_cell_magic("writefile", fname, u'\n'.join([
            u'liné1',
            u'liné2',
        ]))
        with io.open(fname, encoding='utf-8') as f:
            s = f.read()
        nt.assert_in(u'liné1\n', s)
        nt.assert_in(u'liné2', s)

def test_file_amend():
    """%%writefile -a amends files"""
    ip = get_ipython()
    with TemporaryDirectory() as td:
        fname = os.path.join(td, 'file2')
        ip.run_cell_magic("writefile", fname, u'\n'.join([
            'line1',
            'line2',
        ]))
        ip.run_cell_magic("writefile", "-a %s" % fname, u'\n'.join([
            'line3',
            'line4',
        ]))
        with open(fname) as f:
            s = f.read()
        nt.assert_in('line1\n', s)
        nt.assert_in('line3\n', s)

def test_file_spaces():
    """%%file with spaces in filename"""
    ip = get_ipython()
    with TemporaryWorkingDirectory() as td:
        fname = "file name"
        ip.run_cell_magic("file", '"%s"'%fname, u'\n'.join([
            'line1',
            'line2',
        ]))
        with open(fname) as f:
            s = f.read()
        nt.assert_in('line1\n', s)
        nt.assert_in('line2', s)
    
def test_script_config():
    ip = get_ipython()
    ip.config.ScriptMagics.script_magics = ['whoda']
    sm = script.ScriptMagics(shell=ip)
    nt.assert_in('whoda', sm.magics['cell'])

@dec.skip_win32
def test_script_out():
    ip = get_ipython()
    ip.run_cell_magic("script", "--out output sh", "echo 'hi'")
    nt.assert_equal(ip.user_ns['output'], 'hi\n')

@dec.skip_win32
def test_script_err():
    ip = get_ipython()
    ip.run_cell_magic("script", "--err error sh", "echo 'hello' >&2")
    nt.assert_equal(ip.user_ns['error'], 'hello\n')

@dec.skip_win32
def test_script_out_err():
    ip = get_ipython()
    ip.run_cell_magic("script", "--out output --err error sh", "echo 'hi'\necho 'hello' >&2")
    nt.assert_equal(ip.user_ns['output'], 'hi\n')
    nt.assert_equal(ip.user_ns['error'], 'hello\n')

@dec.skip_win32
def test_script_bg_out():
    ip = get_ipython()
    ip.run_cell_magic("script", "--bg --out output sh", "echo 'hi'")

    nt.assert_equal(ip.user_ns['output'].read(), b'hi\n')
    ip.user_ns['output'].close()

@dec.skip_win32
def test_script_bg_err():
    ip = get_ipython()
    ip.run_cell_magic("script", "--bg --err error sh", "echo 'hello' >&2")
    nt.assert_equal(ip.user_ns['error'].read(), b'hello\n')
    ip.user_ns['error'].close()

@dec.skip_win32
def test_script_bg_out_err():
    ip = get_ipython()
    ip.run_cell_magic("script", "--bg --out output --err error sh", "echo 'hi'\necho 'hello' >&2")
    nt.assert_equal(ip.user_ns['output'].read(), b'hi\n')
    nt.assert_equal(ip.user_ns['error'].read(), b'hello\n')
    ip.user_ns['output'].close()
    ip.user_ns['error'].close()

def test_script_defaults():
    ip = get_ipython()
    for cmd in ['sh', 'bash', 'perl', 'ruby']:
        try:
            find_cmd(cmd)
        except Exception:
            pass
        else:
            nt.assert_in(cmd, ip.magics_manager.magics['cell'])


@magics_class
class FooFoo(Magics):
    """class with both %foo and %%foo magics"""
    @line_magic('foo')
    def line_foo(self, line):
        "I am line foo"
        pass

    @cell_magic("foo")
    def cell_foo(self, line, cell):
        "I am cell foo, not line foo"
        pass

def test_line_cell_info():
    """%%foo and %foo magics are distinguishable to inspect"""
    ip = get_ipython()
    ip.magics_manager.register(FooFoo)
    oinfo = ip.object_inspect('foo')
    nt.assert_true(oinfo['found'])
    nt.assert_true(oinfo['ismagic'])
    
    oinfo = ip.object_inspect('%%foo')
    nt.assert_true(oinfo['found'])
    nt.assert_true(oinfo['ismagic'])
    nt.assert_equal(oinfo['docstring'], FooFoo.cell_foo.__doc__)

    oinfo = ip.object_inspect('%foo')
    nt.assert_true(oinfo['found'])
    nt.assert_true(oinfo['ismagic'])
    nt.assert_equal(oinfo['docstring'], FooFoo.line_foo.__doc__)

def test_multiple_magics():
    ip = get_ipython()
    foo1 = FooFoo(ip)
    foo2 = FooFoo(ip)
    mm = ip.magics_manager
    mm.register(foo1)
    nt.assert_true(mm.magics['line']['foo'].__self__ is foo1)
    mm.register(foo2)
    nt.assert_true(mm.magics['line']['foo'].__self__ is foo2)

def test_alias_magic():
    """Test %alias_magic."""
    ip = get_ipython()
    mm = ip.magics_manager

    # Basic operation: both cell and line magics are created, if possible.
    ip.run_line_magic('alias_magic', 'timeit_alias timeit')
    nt.assert_in('timeit_alias', mm.magics['line'])
    nt.assert_in('timeit_alias', mm.magics['cell'])

    # --cell is specified, line magic not created.
    ip.run_line_magic('alias_magic', '--cell timeit_cell_alias timeit')
    nt.assert_not_in('timeit_cell_alias', mm.magics['line'])
    nt.assert_in('timeit_cell_alias', mm.magics['cell'])

    # Test that line alias is created successfully.
    ip.run_line_magic('alias_magic', '--line env_alias env')
    nt.assert_equal(ip.run_line_magic('env', ''),
                    ip.run_line_magic('env_alias', ''))

    # Test that line alias with parameters passed in is created successfully.
    ip.run_line_magic('alias_magic', '--line history_alias history --params ' + shlex.quote('3'))
    nt.assert_in('history_alias', mm.magics['line'])


def test_save():
    """Test %save."""
    ip = get_ipython()
    ip.history_manager.reset()   # Clear any existing history.
    cmds = [u"a=1", u"def b():\n  return a**2", u"print(a, b())"]
    for i, cmd in enumerate(cmds, start=1):
        ip.history_manager.store_inputs(i, cmd)
    with TemporaryDirectory() as tmpdir:
        file = os.path.join(tmpdir, "testsave.py")
        ip.run_line_magic("save", "%s 1-10" % file)
        with open(file) as f:
            content = f.read()
            nt.assert_equal(content.count(cmds[0]), 1)
            nt.assert_in('coding: utf-8', content)
        ip.run_line_magic("save", "-a %s 1-10" % file)
        with open(file) as f:
            content = f.read()
            nt.assert_equal(content.count(cmds[0]), 2)
            nt.assert_in('coding: utf-8', content)


def test_store():
    """Test %store."""
    ip = get_ipython()
    ip.run_line_magic('load_ext', 'storemagic')
    
    # make sure the storage is empty
    ip.run_line_magic('store', '-z')
    ip.user_ns['var'] = 42
    ip.run_line_magic('store', 'var')
    ip.user_ns['var'] = 39
    ip.run_line_magic('store', '-r')
    nt.assert_equal(ip.user_ns['var'], 42)

    ip.run_line_magic('store', '-d var')
    ip.user_ns['var'] = 39
    ip.run_line_magic('store' , '-r')
    nt.assert_equal(ip.user_ns['var'], 39)


def _run_edit_test(arg_s, exp_filename=None,
                        exp_lineno=-1,
                        exp_contents=None,
                        exp_is_temp=None):
    ip = get_ipython()
    M = code.CodeMagics(ip)
    last_call = ['','']
    opts,args = M.parse_options(arg_s,'prxn:')
    filename, lineno, is_temp = M._find_edit_target(ip, args, opts, last_call)
        
    if exp_filename is not None:
        nt.assert_equal(exp_filename, filename)
    if exp_contents is not None:
        with io.open(filename, 'r', encoding='utf-8') as f:
            contents = f.read()
        nt.assert_equal(exp_contents, contents)
    if exp_lineno != -1:
        nt.assert_equal(exp_lineno, lineno)
    if exp_is_temp is not None:
        nt.assert_equal(exp_is_temp, is_temp)


def test_edit_interactive():
    """%edit on interactively defined objects"""
    ip = get_ipython()
    n = ip.execution_count
    ip.run_cell(u"def foo(): return 1", store_history=True)
    
    try:
        _run_edit_test("foo")
    except code.InteractivelyDefined as e:
        nt.assert_equal(e.index, n)
    else:
        raise AssertionError("Should have raised InteractivelyDefined")


def test_edit_cell():
    """%edit [cell id]"""
    ip = get_ipython()
    
    ip.run_cell(u"def foo(): return 1", store_history=True)
    
    # test
    _run_edit_test("1", exp_contents=ip.user_ns['In'][1], exp_is_temp=True)

def test_bookmark():
    ip = get_ipython()
    ip.run_line_magic('bookmark', 'bmname')
    with tt.AssertPrints('bmname'):
        ip.run_line_magic('bookmark', '-l')
    ip.run_line_magic('bookmark', '-d bmname')

def test_ls_magic():
    ip = get_ipython()
    json_formatter = ip.display_formatter.formatters['application/json']
    json_formatter.enabled = True
    lsmagic = ip.magic('lsmagic')
    with warnings.catch_warnings(record=True) as w:
        j = json_formatter(lsmagic)
    nt.assert_equal(sorted(j), ['cell', 'line'])
    nt.assert_equal(w, []) # no warnings

def test_strip_initial_indent():
    def sii(s):
        lines = s.splitlines()
        return '\n'.join(code.strip_initial_indent(lines))

    nt.assert_equal(sii("  a = 1\nb = 2"), "a = 1\nb = 2")
    nt.assert_equal(sii("  a\n    b\nc"), "a\n  b\nc")
    nt.assert_equal(sii("a\n  b"), "a\n  b")

def test_logging_magic_quiet_from_arg():
    _ip.config.LoggingMagics.quiet = False
    lm = logging.LoggingMagics(shell=_ip)
    with TemporaryDirectory() as td:
        try:
            with tt.AssertNotPrints(re.compile("Activating.*")):
                lm.logstart('-q {}'.format(
                        os.path.join(td, "quiet_from_arg.log")))
        finally:
            _ip.logger.logstop()

def test_logging_magic_quiet_from_config():
    _ip.config.LoggingMagics.quiet = True
    lm = logging.LoggingMagics(shell=_ip)
    with TemporaryDirectory() as td:
        try:
            with tt.AssertNotPrints(re.compile("Activating.*")):
                lm.logstart(os.path.join(td, "quiet_from_config.log"))
        finally:
            _ip.logger.logstop()


def test_logging_magic_not_quiet():
    _ip.config.LoggingMagics.quiet = False
    lm = logging.LoggingMagics(shell=_ip)
    with TemporaryDirectory() as td:
        try:
            with tt.AssertPrints(re.compile("Activating.*")):
                lm.logstart(os.path.join(td, "not_quiet.log"))
        finally:
            _ip.logger.logstop()


def test_time_no_var_expand():
    _ip.user_ns['a'] = 5
    _ip.user_ns['b'] = []
    _ip.magic('time b.append("{a}")')
    assert _ip.user_ns['b'] == ['{a}']


# this is slow, put at the end for local testing.
def test_timeit_arguments():
    "Test valid timeit arguments, should not cause SyntaxError (GH #1269)"
    if sys.version_info < (3,7):
        _ip.magic("timeit -n1 -r1 ('#')")
    else:
        # 3.7 optimize no-op statement like above out, and complain there is
        # nothing in the for loop.
        _ip.magic("timeit -n1 -r1 a=('#')")