##// END OF EJS Templates
Be a little smarter about invisible characters in terminal prompts...
Be a little smarter about invisible characters in terminal prompts This is a partial fix to #8724. Previously, only known color codes were considered to be invisible. Now, it looks for any kind of invisible sequence as defined by the \001 \002 delimiters (which is what readline uses). The situation could still be improved, as it still assumes that the number of invisible characters is constant for a given template. Making this work correctly with the existing API is awkward, so I didn't attempt it, especially since the readline frontend may be removed at some point in the near future.

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oinspect.py
927 lines | 30.9 KiB | text/x-python | PythonLexer
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
"""Tools for inspecting Python objects.
Uses syntax highlighting for presenting the various information elements.
Similar in spirit to the inspect module, but all calls take a name argument to
reference the name under which an object is being read.
"""
# Copyright (c) IPython Development Team.
# Distributed under the terms of the Modified BSD License.
from __future__ import print_function
__all__ = ['Inspector','InspectColors']
# stdlib modules
import inspect
import linecache
import os
from textwrap import dedent
import types
import io as stdlib_io
try:
from itertools import izip_longest
except ImportError:
from itertools import zip_longest as izip_longest
# IPython's own
from IPython.core import page
from IPython.lib.pretty import pretty
from IPython.testing.skipdoctest import skip_doctest_py3
from IPython.utils import PyColorize
from IPython.utils import io
from IPython.utils import openpy
from IPython.utils import py3compat
from IPython.utils.dir2 import safe_hasattr
from IPython.utils.path import compress_user
from IPython.utils.text import indent
from IPython.utils.wildcard import list_namespace
from IPython.utils.coloransi import TermColors, ColorScheme, ColorSchemeTable
from IPython.utils.py3compat import cast_unicode, string_types, PY3
from IPython.utils.signatures import signature
# builtin docstrings to ignore
_func_call_docstring = types.FunctionType.__call__.__doc__
_object_init_docstring = object.__init__.__doc__
_builtin_type_docstrings = {
inspect.getdoc(t) for t in (types.ModuleType, types.MethodType,
types.FunctionType, property)
}
_builtin_func_type = type(all)
_builtin_meth_type = type(str.upper) # Bound methods have the same type as builtin functions
#****************************************************************************
# Builtin color schemes
Colors = TermColors # just a shorthand
# Build a few color schemes
NoColor = ColorScheme(
'NoColor',{
'header' : Colors.NoColor,
'normal' : Colors.NoColor # color off (usu. Colors.Normal)
} )
LinuxColors = ColorScheme(
'Linux',{
'header' : Colors.LightRed,
'normal' : Colors.Normal # color off (usu. Colors.Normal)
} )
LightBGColors = ColorScheme(
'LightBG',{
'header' : Colors.Red,
'normal' : Colors.Normal # color off (usu. Colors.Normal)
} )
# Build table of color schemes (needed by the parser)
InspectColors = ColorSchemeTable([NoColor,LinuxColors,LightBGColors],
'Linux')
#****************************************************************************
# Auxiliary functions and objects
# See the messaging spec for the definition of all these fields. This list
# effectively defines the order of display
info_fields = ['type_name', 'base_class', 'string_form', 'namespace',
'length', 'file', 'definition', 'docstring', 'source',
'init_definition', 'class_docstring', 'init_docstring',
'call_def', 'call_docstring',
# These won't be printed but will be used to determine how to
# format the object
'ismagic', 'isalias', 'isclass', 'argspec', 'found', 'name'
]
def object_info(**kw):
"""Make an object info dict with all fields present."""
infodict = dict(izip_longest(info_fields, [None]))
infodict.update(kw)
return infodict
def get_encoding(obj):
"""Get encoding for python source file defining obj
Returns None if obj is not defined in a sourcefile.
"""
ofile = find_file(obj)
# run contents of file through pager starting at line where the object
# is defined, as long as the file isn't binary and is actually on the
# filesystem.
if ofile is None:
return None
elif ofile.endswith(('.so', '.dll', '.pyd')):
return None
elif not os.path.isfile(ofile):
return None
else:
# Print only text files, not extension binaries. Note that
# getsourcelines returns lineno with 1-offset and page() uses
# 0-offset, so we must adjust.
with stdlib_io.open(ofile, 'rb') as buffer: # Tweaked to use io.open for Python 2
encoding, lines = openpy.detect_encoding(buffer.readline)
return encoding
def getdoc(obj):
"""Stable wrapper around inspect.getdoc.
This can't crash because of attribute problems.
It also attempts to call a getdoc() method on the given object. This
allows objects which provide their docstrings via non-standard mechanisms
(like Pyro proxies) to still be inspected by ipython's ? system."""
# Allow objects to offer customized documentation via a getdoc method:
try:
ds = obj.getdoc()
except Exception:
pass
else:
# if we get extra info, we add it to the normal docstring.
if isinstance(ds, string_types):
return inspect.cleandoc(ds)
try:
docstr = inspect.getdoc(obj)
encoding = get_encoding(obj)
return py3compat.cast_unicode(docstr, encoding=encoding)
except Exception:
# Harden against an inspect failure, which can occur with
# SWIG-wrapped extensions.
raise
return None
def getsource(obj, oname=''):
"""Wrapper around inspect.getsource.
This can be modified by other projects to provide customized source
extraction.
Parameters
----------
obj : object
an object whose source code we will attempt to extract
oname : str
(optional) a name under which the object is known
Returns
-------
src : unicode or None
"""
if isinstance(obj, property):
sources = []
for attrname in ['fget', 'fset', 'fdel']:
fn = getattr(obj, attrname)
if fn is not None:
encoding = get_encoding(fn)
oname_prefix = ('%s.' % oname) if oname else ''
sources.append(cast_unicode(
''.join(('# ', oname_prefix, attrname)),
encoding=encoding))
if inspect.isfunction(fn):
sources.append(dedent(getsource(fn)))
else:
# Default str/repr only prints function name,
# pretty.pretty prints module name too.
sources.append(cast_unicode(
'%s%s = %s\n' % (
oname_prefix, attrname, pretty(fn)),
encoding=encoding))
if sources:
return '\n'.join(sources)
else:
return None
else:
# Get source for non-property objects.
obj = _get_wrapped(obj)
try:
src = inspect.getsource(obj)
except TypeError:
# The object itself provided no meaningful source, try looking for
# its class definition instead.
if hasattr(obj, '__class__'):
try:
src = inspect.getsource(obj.__class__)
except TypeError:
return None
encoding = get_encoding(obj)
return cast_unicode(src, encoding=encoding)
def is_simple_callable(obj):
"""True if obj is a function ()"""
return (inspect.isfunction(obj) or inspect.ismethod(obj) or \
isinstance(obj, _builtin_func_type) or isinstance(obj, _builtin_meth_type))
def getargspec(obj):
"""Wrapper around :func:`inspect.getfullargspec` on Python 3, and
:func:inspect.getargspec` on Python 2.
In addition to functions and methods, this can also handle objects with a
``__call__`` attribute.
"""
if safe_hasattr(obj, '__call__') and not is_simple_callable(obj):
obj = obj.__call__
return inspect.getfullargspec(obj) if PY3 else inspect.getargspec(obj)
def format_argspec(argspec):
"""Format argspect, convenience wrapper around inspect's.
This takes a dict instead of ordered arguments and calls
inspect.format_argspec with the arguments in the necessary order.
"""
return inspect.formatargspec(argspec['args'], argspec['varargs'],
argspec['varkw'], argspec['defaults'])
def call_tip(oinfo, format_call=True):
"""Extract call tip data from an oinfo dict.
Parameters
----------
oinfo : dict
format_call : bool, optional
If True, the call line is formatted and returned as a string. If not, a
tuple of (name, argspec) is returned.
Returns
-------
call_info : None, str or (str, dict) tuple.
When format_call is True, the whole call information is formattted as a
single string. Otherwise, the object's name and its argspec dict are
returned. If no call information is available, None is returned.
docstring : str or None
The most relevant docstring for calling purposes is returned, if
available. The priority is: call docstring for callable instances, then
constructor docstring for classes, then main object's docstring otherwise
(regular functions).
"""
# Get call definition
argspec = oinfo.get('argspec')
if argspec is None:
call_line = None
else:
# Callable objects will have 'self' as their first argument, prune
# it out if it's there for clarity (since users do *not* pass an
# extra first argument explicitly).
try:
has_self = argspec['args'][0] == 'self'
except (KeyError, IndexError):
pass
else:
if has_self:
argspec['args'] = argspec['args'][1:]
call_line = oinfo['name']+format_argspec(argspec)
# Now get docstring.
# The priority is: call docstring, constructor docstring, main one.
doc = oinfo.get('call_docstring')
if doc is None:
doc = oinfo.get('init_docstring')
if doc is None:
doc = oinfo.get('docstring','')
return call_line, doc
def _get_wrapped(obj):
"""Get the original object if wrapped in one or more @decorators"""
while safe_hasattr(obj, '__wrapped__'):
obj = obj.__wrapped__
return obj
def find_file(obj):
"""Find the absolute path to the file where an object was defined.
This is essentially a robust wrapper around `inspect.getabsfile`.
Returns None if no file can be found.
Parameters
----------
obj : any Python object
Returns
-------
fname : str
The absolute path to the file where the object was defined.
"""
obj = _get_wrapped(obj)
fname = None
try:
fname = inspect.getabsfile(obj)
except TypeError:
# For an instance, the file that matters is where its class was
# declared.
if hasattr(obj, '__class__'):
try:
fname = inspect.getabsfile(obj.__class__)
except TypeError:
# Can happen for builtins
pass
except:
pass
return cast_unicode(fname)
def find_source_lines(obj):
"""Find the line number in a file where an object was defined.
This is essentially a robust wrapper around `inspect.getsourcelines`.
Returns None if no file can be found.
Parameters
----------
obj : any Python object
Returns
-------
lineno : int
The line number where the object definition starts.
"""
obj = _get_wrapped(obj)
try:
try:
lineno = inspect.getsourcelines(obj)[1]
except TypeError:
# For instances, try the class object like getsource() does
if hasattr(obj, '__class__'):
lineno = inspect.getsourcelines(obj.__class__)[1]
else:
lineno = None
except:
return None
return lineno
class Inspector:
def __init__(self, color_table=InspectColors,
code_color_table=PyColorize.ANSICodeColors,
scheme='NoColor',
str_detail_level=0):
self.color_table = color_table
self.parser = PyColorize.Parser(code_color_table,out='str')
self.format = self.parser.format
self.str_detail_level = str_detail_level
self.set_active_scheme(scheme)
def _getdef(self,obj,oname=''):
"""Return the call signature for any callable object.
If any exception is generated, None is returned instead and the
exception is suppressed."""
try:
hdef = oname + str(signature(obj))
return cast_unicode(hdef)
except:
return None
def __head(self,h):
"""Return a header string with proper colors."""
return '%s%s%s' % (self.color_table.active_colors.header,h,
self.color_table.active_colors.normal)
def set_active_scheme(self, scheme):
self.color_table.set_active_scheme(scheme)
self.parser.color_table.set_active_scheme(scheme)
def noinfo(self, msg, oname):
"""Generic message when no information is found."""
print('No %s found' % msg, end=' ')
if oname:
print('for %s' % oname)
else:
print()
def pdef(self, obj, oname=''):
"""Print the call signature for any callable object.
If the object is a class, print the constructor information."""
if not callable(obj):
print('Object is not callable.')
return
header = ''
if inspect.isclass(obj):
header = self.__head('Class constructor information:\n')
obj = obj.__init__
elif (not py3compat.PY3) and type(obj) is types.InstanceType:
obj = obj.__call__
output = self._getdef(obj,oname)
if output is None:
self.noinfo('definition header',oname)
else:
print(header,self.format(output), end=' ', file=io.stdout)
# In Python 3, all classes are new-style, so they all have __init__.
@skip_doctest_py3
def pdoc(self,obj,oname='',formatter = None):
"""Print the docstring for any object.
Optional:
-formatter: a function to run the docstring through for specially
formatted docstrings.
Examples
--------
In [1]: class NoInit:
...: pass
In [2]: class NoDoc:
...: def __init__(self):
...: pass
In [3]: %pdoc NoDoc
No documentation found for NoDoc
In [4]: %pdoc NoInit
No documentation found for NoInit
In [5]: obj = NoInit()
In [6]: %pdoc obj
No documentation found for obj
In [5]: obj2 = NoDoc()
In [6]: %pdoc obj2
No documentation found for obj2
"""
head = self.__head # For convenience
lines = []
ds = getdoc(obj)
if formatter:
ds = formatter(ds)
if ds:
lines.append(head("Class docstring:"))
lines.append(indent(ds))
if inspect.isclass(obj) and hasattr(obj, '__init__'):
init_ds = getdoc(obj.__init__)
if init_ds is not None:
lines.append(head("Init docstring:"))
lines.append(indent(init_ds))
elif hasattr(obj,'__call__'):
call_ds = getdoc(obj.__call__)
if call_ds:
lines.append(head("Call docstring:"))
lines.append(indent(call_ds))
if not lines:
self.noinfo('documentation',oname)
else:
page.page('\n'.join(lines))
def psource(self, obj, oname=''):
"""Print the source code for an object."""
# Flush the source cache because inspect can return out-of-date source
linecache.checkcache()
try:
src = getsource(obj, oname=oname)
except Exception:
src = None
if src is None:
self.noinfo('source', oname)
else:
page.page(self.format(src))
def pfile(self, obj, oname=''):
"""Show the whole file where an object was defined."""
lineno = find_source_lines(obj)
if lineno is None:
self.noinfo('file', oname)
return
ofile = find_file(obj)
# run contents of file through pager starting at line where the object
# is defined, as long as the file isn't binary and is actually on the
# filesystem.
if ofile.endswith(('.so', '.dll', '.pyd')):
print('File %r is binary, not printing.' % ofile)
elif not os.path.isfile(ofile):
print('File %r does not exist, not printing.' % ofile)
else:
# Print only text files, not extension binaries. Note that
# getsourcelines returns lineno with 1-offset and page() uses
# 0-offset, so we must adjust.
page.page(self.format(openpy.read_py_file(ofile, skip_encoding_cookie=False)), lineno - 1)
def _format_fields(self, fields, title_width=0):
"""Formats a list of fields for display.
Parameters
----------
fields : list
A list of 2-tuples: (field_title, field_content)
title_width : int
How many characters to pad titles to. Default to longest title.
"""
out = []
header = self.__head
if title_width == 0:
title_width = max(len(title) + 2 for title, _ in fields)
for title, content in fields:
if len(content.splitlines()) > 1:
title = header(title + ":") + "\n"
else:
title = header((title+":").ljust(title_width))
out.append(cast_unicode(title) + cast_unicode(content))
return "\n".join(out)
def _format_info(self, obj, oname='', formatter=None, info=None, detail_level=0):
"""Format an info dict as text"""
info = self.info(obj, oname=oname, formatter=formatter,
info=info, detail_level=detail_level)
displayfields = []
def add_fields(fields):
for title, key in fields:
field = info[key]
if field is not None:
displayfields.append((title, field.rstrip()))
if info['isalias']:
add_fields([('Repr', "string_form")])
elif info['ismagic']:
if detail_level > 0 and info['source'] is not None:
add_fields([("Source", "source")])
else:
add_fields([("Docstring", "docstring")])
add_fields([("File", "file"),
])
elif info['isclass'] or is_simple_callable(obj):
# Functions, methods, classes
add_fields([("Signature", "definition"),
("Init signature", "init_definition"),
])
if detail_level > 0 and info['source'] is not None:
add_fields([("Source", "source")])
else:
add_fields([("Docstring", "docstring"),
("Init docstring", "init_docstring"),
])
add_fields([('File', 'file'),
('Type', 'type_name'),
])
else:
# General Python objects
add_fields([("Type", "type_name")])
# Base class for old-style instances
if (not py3compat.PY3) and isinstance(obj, types.InstanceType) and info['base_class']:
displayfields.append(("Base Class", info['base_class'].rstrip()))
add_fields([("String form", "string_form")])
# Namespace
if info['namespace'] != 'Interactive':
displayfields.append(("Namespace", info['namespace'].rstrip()))
add_fields([("Length", "length"),
("File", "file"),
("Signature", "definition"),
])
# Source or docstring, depending on detail level and whether
# source found.
if detail_level > 0 and info['source'] is not None:
displayfields.append(("Source",
self.format(cast_unicode(info['source']))))
elif info['docstring'] is not None:
displayfields.append(("Docstring", info["docstring"]))
add_fields([("Class docstring", "class_docstring"),
("Init docstring", "init_docstring"),
("Call signature", "call_def"),
("Call docstring", "call_docstring")])
if displayfields:
return self._format_fields(displayfields)
else:
return u''
def pinfo(self, obj, oname='', formatter=None, info=None, detail_level=0):
"""Show detailed information about an object.
Optional arguments:
- oname: name of the variable pointing to the object.
- formatter: special formatter for docstrings (see pdoc)
- info: a structure with some information fields which may have been
precomputed already.
- detail_level: if set to 1, more information is given.
"""
text = self._format_info(obj, oname, formatter, info, detail_level)
if text:
page.page(text)
def info(self, obj, oname='', formatter=None, info=None, detail_level=0):
"""Compute a dict with detailed information about an object.
Optional arguments:
- oname: name of the variable pointing to the object.
- formatter: special formatter for docstrings (see pdoc)
- info: a structure with some information fields which may have been
precomputed already.
- detail_level: if set to 1, more information is given.
"""
obj_type = type(obj)
if info is None:
ismagic = 0
isalias = 0
ospace = ''
else:
ismagic = info.ismagic
isalias = info.isalias
ospace = info.namespace
# Get docstring, special-casing aliases:
if isalias:
if not callable(obj):
try:
ds = "Alias to the system command:\n %s" % obj[1]
except:
ds = "Alias: " + str(obj)
else:
ds = "Alias to " + str(obj)
if obj.__doc__:
ds += "\nDocstring:\n" + obj.__doc__
else:
ds = getdoc(obj)
if ds is None:
ds = '<no docstring>'
if formatter is not None:
ds = formatter(ds)
# store output in a dict, we initialize it here and fill it as we go
out = dict(name=oname, found=True, isalias=isalias, ismagic=ismagic)
string_max = 200 # max size of strings to show (snipped if longer)
shalf = int((string_max -5)/2)
if ismagic:
obj_type_name = 'Magic function'
elif isalias:
obj_type_name = 'System alias'
else:
obj_type_name = obj_type.__name__
out['type_name'] = obj_type_name
try:
bclass = obj.__class__
out['base_class'] = str(bclass)
except: pass
# String form, but snip if too long in ? form (full in ??)
if detail_level >= self.str_detail_level:
try:
ostr = str(obj)
str_head = 'string_form'
if not detail_level and len(ostr)>string_max:
ostr = ostr[:shalf] + ' <...> ' + ostr[-shalf:]
ostr = ("\n" + " " * len(str_head.expandtabs())).\
join(q.strip() for q in ostr.split("\n"))
out[str_head] = ostr
except:
pass
if ospace:
out['namespace'] = ospace
# Length (for strings and lists)
try:
out['length'] = str(len(obj))
except: pass
# Filename where object was defined
binary_file = False
fname = find_file(obj)
if fname is None:
# if anything goes wrong, we don't want to show source, so it's as
# if the file was binary
binary_file = True
else:
if fname.endswith(('.so', '.dll', '.pyd')):
binary_file = True
elif fname.endswith('<string>'):
fname = 'Dynamically generated function. No source code available.'
out['file'] = compress_user(fname)
# Original source code for a callable, class or property.
if detail_level:
# Flush the source cache because inspect can return out-of-date
# source
linecache.checkcache()
try:
if isinstance(obj, property) or not binary_file:
src = getsource(obj, oname)
if src is not None:
src = src.rstrip()
out['source'] = src
except Exception:
pass
# Add docstring only if no source is to be shown (avoid repetitions).
if ds and out.get('source', None) is None:
out['docstring'] = ds
# Constructor docstring for classes
if inspect.isclass(obj):
out['isclass'] = True
# reconstruct the function definition and print it:
try:
obj_init = obj.__init__
except AttributeError:
init_def = init_ds = None
else:
init_def = self._getdef(obj_init,oname)
init_ds = getdoc(obj_init)
# Skip Python's auto-generated docstrings
if init_ds == _object_init_docstring:
init_ds = None
if init_def or init_ds:
if init_def:
out['init_definition'] = self.format(init_def)
if init_ds:
out['init_docstring'] = init_ds
# and class docstring for instances:
else:
# reconstruct the function definition and print it:
defln = self._getdef(obj, oname)
if defln:
out['definition'] = self.format(defln)
# First, check whether the instance docstring is identical to the
# class one, and print it separately if they don't coincide. In
# most cases they will, but it's nice to print all the info for
# objects which use instance-customized docstrings.
if ds:
try:
cls = getattr(obj,'__class__')
except:
class_ds = None
else:
class_ds = getdoc(cls)
# Skip Python's auto-generated docstrings
if class_ds in _builtin_type_docstrings:
class_ds = None
if class_ds and ds != class_ds:
out['class_docstring'] = class_ds
# Next, try to show constructor docstrings
try:
init_ds = getdoc(obj.__init__)
# Skip Python's auto-generated docstrings
if init_ds == _object_init_docstring:
init_ds = None
except AttributeError:
init_ds = None
if init_ds:
out['init_docstring'] = init_ds
# Call form docstring for callable instances
if safe_hasattr(obj, '__call__') and not is_simple_callable(obj):
call_def = self._getdef(obj.__call__, oname)
if call_def:
call_def = self.format(call_def)
# it may never be the case that call def and definition differ,
# but don't include the same signature twice
if call_def != out.get('definition'):
out['call_def'] = call_def
call_ds = getdoc(obj.__call__)
# Skip Python's auto-generated docstrings
if call_ds == _func_call_docstring:
call_ds = None
if call_ds:
out['call_docstring'] = call_ds
# Compute the object's argspec as a callable. The key is to decide
# whether to pull it from the object itself, from its __init__ or
# from its __call__ method.
if inspect.isclass(obj):
# Old-style classes need not have an __init__
callable_obj = getattr(obj, "__init__", None)
elif callable(obj):
callable_obj = obj
else:
callable_obj = None
if callable_obj:
try:
argspec = getargspec(callable_obj)
except (TypeError, AttributeError):
# For extensions/builtins we can't retrieve the argspec
pass
else:
# named tuples' _asdict() method returns an OrderedDict, but we
# we want a normal
out['argspec'] = argspec_dict = dict(argspec._asdict())
# We called this varkw before argspec became a named tuple.
# With getfullargspec it's also called varkw.
if 'varkw' not in argspec_dict:
argspec_dict['varkw'] = argspec_dict.pop('keywords')
return object_info(**out)
def psearch(self,pattern,ns_table,ns_search=[],
ignore_case=False,show_all=False):
"""Search namespaces with wildcards for objects.
Arguments:
- pattern: string containing shell-like wildcards to use in namespace
searches and optionally a type specification to narrow the search to
objects of that type.
- ns_table: dict of name->namespaces for search.
Optional arguments:
- ns_search: list of namespace names to include in search.
- ignore_case(False): make the search case-insensitive.
- show_all(False): show all names, including those starting with
underscores.
"""
#print 'ps pattern:<%r>' % pattern # dbg
# defaults
type_pattern = 'all'
filter = ''
cmds = pattern.split()
len_cmds = len(cmds)
if len_cmds == 1:
# Only filter pattern given
filter = cmds[0]
elif len_cmds == 2:
# Both filter and type specified
filter,type_pattern = cmds
else:
raise ValueError('invalid argument string for psearch: <%s>' %
pattern)
# filter search namespaces
for name in ns_search:
if name not in ns_table:
raise ValueError('invalid namespace <%s>. Valid names: %s' %
(name,ns_table.keys()))
#print 'type_pattern:',type_pattern # dbg
search_result, namespaces_seen = set(), set()
for ns_name in ns_search:
ns = ns_table[ns_name]
# Normally, locals and globals are the same, so we just check one.
if id(ns) in namespaces_seen:
continue
namespaces_seen.add(id(ns))
tmp_res = list_namespace(ns, type_pattern, filter,
ignore_case=ignore_case, show_all=show_all)
search_result.update(tmp_res)
page.page('\n'.join(sorted(search_result)))