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"""An Application for launching a kernel"""
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# Copyright (c) IPython Development Team.
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# Distributed under the terms of the Modified BSD License.
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from __future__ import print_function
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import atexit
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import os
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import sys
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import signal
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import zmq
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from zmq.eventloop import ioloop
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from zmq.eventloop.zmqstream import ZMQStream
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from IPython.core.ultratb import FormattedTB
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from IPython.core.application import (
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BaseIPythonApplication, base_flags, base_aliases, catch_config_error
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)
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from IPython.core.profiledir import ProfileDir
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from IPython.core.shellapp import (
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InteractiveShellApp, shell_flags, shell_aliases
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)
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from IPython.utils import io
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from IPython.utils.path import filefind
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from IPython.utils.traitlets import (
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Any, Instance, Dict, Unicode, Integer, Bool, DottedObjectName, Type,
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)
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from IPython.utils.importstring import import_item
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from IPython.kernel import write_connection_file
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from IPython.kernel.connect import ConnectionFileMixin
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# local imports
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from .heartbeat import Heartbeat
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from .ipkernel import IPythonKernel
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from .parentpoller import ParentPollerUnix, ParentPollerWindows
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from .session import (
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Session, session_flags, session_aliases, default_secure,
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)
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from .zmqshell import ZMQInteractiveShell
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#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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# Flags and Aliases
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#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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kernel_aliases = dict(base_aliases)
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kernel_aliases.update({
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'ip' : 'IPKernelApp.ip',
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'hb' : 'IPKernelApp.hb_port',
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'shell' : 'IPKernelApp.shell_port',
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'iopub' : 'IPKernelApp.iopub_port',
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'stdin' : 'IPKernelApp.stdin_port',
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'control' : 'IPKernelApp.control_port',
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'f' : 'IPKernelApp.connection_file',
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'parent': 'IPKernelApp.parent_handle',
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'transport': 'IPKernelApp.transport',
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})
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if sys.platform.startswith('win'):
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kernel_aliases['interrupt'] = 'IPKernelApp.interrupt'
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kernel_flags = dict(base_flags)
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kernel_flags.update({
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'no-stdout' : (
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{'IPKernelApp' : {'no_stdout' : True}},
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"redirect stdout to the null device"),
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'no-stderr' : (
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{'IPKernelApp' : {'no_stderr' : True}},
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"redirect stderr to the null device"),
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'pylab' : (
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{'IPKernelApp' : {'pylab' : 'auto'}},
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"""Pre-load matplotlib and numpy for interactive use with
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the default matplotlib backend."""),
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})
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# inherit flags&aliases for any IPython shell apps
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kernel_aliases.update(shell_aliases)
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kernel_flags.update(shell_flags)
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# inherit flags&aliases for Sessions
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kernel_aliases.update(session_aliases)
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kernel_flags.update(session_flags)
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_ctrl_c_message = """\
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NOTE: When using the `ipython kernel` entry point, Ctrl-C will not work.
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To exit, you will have to explicitly quit this process, by either sending
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"quit" from a client, or using Ctrl-\\ in UNIX-like environments.
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To read more about this, see https://github.com/ipython/ipython/issues/2049
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"""
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#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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# Application class for starting an IPython Kernel
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#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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class IPKernelApp(BaseIPythonApplication, InteractiveShellApp,
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ConnectionFileMixin):
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name='ipython-kernel'
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aliases = Dict(kernel_aliases)
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flags = Dict(kernel_flags)
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classes = [IPythonKernel, ZMQInteractiveShell, ProfileDir, Session]
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# the kernel class, as an importstring
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kernel_class = Type('IPython.kernel.zmq.ipkernel.IPythonKernel', config=True,
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klass='IPython.kernel.zmq.kernelbase.Kernel',
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help="""The Kernel subclass to be used.
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This should allow easy re-use of the IPKernelApp entry point
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to configure and launch kernels other than IPython's own.
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""")
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kernel = Any()
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poller = Any() # don't restrict this even though current pollers are all Threads
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heartbeat = Instance(Heartbeat)
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ports = Dict()
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# connection info:
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@property
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def abs_connection_file(self):
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if os.path.basename(self.connection_file) == self.connection_file:
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return os.path.join(self.profile_dir.security_dir, self.connection_file)
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else:
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return self.connection_file
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# streams, etc.
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no_stdout = Bool(False, config=True, help="redirect stdout to the null device")
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no_stderr = Bool(False, config=True, help="redirect stderr to the null device")
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outstream_class = DottedObjectName('IPython.kernel.zmq.iostream.OutStream',
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config=True, help="The importstring for the OutStream factory")
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displayhook_class = DottedObjectName('IPython.kernel.zmq.displayhook.ZMQDisplayHook',
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config=True, help="The importstring for the DisplayHook factory")
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# polling
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parent_handle = Integer(0, config=True,
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help="""kill this process if its parent dies. On Windows, the argument
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specifies the HANDLE of the parent process, otherwise it is simply boolean.
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""")
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interrupt = Integer(0, config=True,
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help="""ONLY USED ON WINDOWS
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Interrupt this process when the parent is signaled.
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""")
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def init_crash_handler(self):
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# Install minimal exception handling
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sys.excepthook = FormattedTB(mode='Verbose', color_scheme='NoColor',
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ostream=sys.__stdout__)
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def init_poller(self):
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if sys.platform == 'win32':
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if self.interrupt or self.parent_handle:
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self.poller = ParentPollerWindows(self.interrupt, self.parent_handle)
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elif self.parent_handle:
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self.poller = ParentPollerUnix()
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def _bind_socket(self, s, port):
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iface = '%s://%s' % (self.transport, self.ip)
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if self.transport == 'tcp':
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if port <= 0:
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port = s.bind_to_random_port(iface)
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else:
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s.bind("tcp://%s:%i" % (self.ip, port))
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elif self.transport == 'ipc':
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if port <= 0:
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port = 1
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path = "%s-%i" % (self.ip, port)
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while os.path.exists(path):
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port = port + 1
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path = "%s-%i" % (self.ip, port)
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else:
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path = "%s-%i" % (self.ip, port)
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s.bind("ipc://%s" % path)
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return port
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def write_connection_file(self):
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"""write connection info to JSON file"""
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cf = self.abs_connection_file
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self.log.debug("Writing connection file: %s", cf)
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write_connection_file(cf, ip=self.ip, key=self.session.key, transport=self.transport,
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shell_port=self.shell_port, stdin_port=self.stdin_port, hb_port=self.hb_port,
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iopub_port=self.iopub_port, control_port=self.control_port)
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def cleanup_connection_file(self):
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cf = self.abs_connection_file
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self.log.debug("Cleaning up connection file: %s", cf)
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try:
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os.remove(cf)
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except (IOError, OSError):
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pass
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self.cleanup_ipc_files()
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def init_connection_file(self):
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if not self.connection_file:
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self.connection_file = "kernel-%s.json"%os.getpid()
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try:
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self.connection_file = filefind(self.connection_file, ['.', self.profile_dir.security_dir])
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except IOError:
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self.log.debug("Connection file not found: %s", self.connection_file)
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# This means I own it, so I will clean it up:
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atexit.register(self.cleanup_connection_file)
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return
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try:
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self.load_connection_file()
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except Exception:
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self.log.error("Failed to load connection file: %r", self.connection_file, exc_info=True)
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self.exit(1)
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def init_sockets(self):
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# Create a context, a session, and the kernel sockets.
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self.log.info("Starting the kernel at pid: %i", os.getpid())
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context = zmq.Context.instance()
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# Uncomment this to try closing the context.
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# atexit.register(context.term)
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self.shell_socket = context.socket(zmq.ROUTER)
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self.shell_socket.linger = 1000
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self.shell_port = self._bind_socket(self.shell_socket, self.shell_port)
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self.log.debug("shell ROUTER Channel on port: %i" % self.shell_port)
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self.iopub_socket = context.socket(zmq.PUB)
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self.iopub_socket.linger = 1000
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self.iopub_port = self._bind_socket(self.iopub_socket, self.iopub_port)
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self.log.debug("iopub PUB Channel on port: %i" % self.iopub_port)
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self.stdin_socket = context.socket(zmq.ROUTER)
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self.stdin_socket.linger = 1000
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self.stdin_port = self._bind_socket(self.stdin_socket, self.stdin_port)
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self.log.debug("stdin ROUTER Channel on port: %i" % self.stdin_port)
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self.control_socket = context.socket(zmq.ROUTER)
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self.control_socket.linger = 1000
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self.control_port = self._bind_socket(self.control_socket, self.control_port)
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self.log.debug("control ROUTER Channel on port: %i" % self.control_port)
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def init_heartbeat(self):
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"""start the heart beating"""
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# heartbeat doesn't share context, because it mustn't be blocked
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# by the GIL, which is accessed by libzmq when freeing zero-copy messages
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hb_ctx = zmq.Context()
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self.heartbeat = Heartbeat(hb_ctx, (self.transport, self.ip, self.hb_port))
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self.hb_port = self.heartbeat.port
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self.log.debug("Heartbeat REP Channel on port: %i" % self.hb_port)
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self.heartbeat.start()
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def log_connection_info(self):
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"""display connection info, and store ports"""
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basename = os.path.basename(self.connection_file)
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if basename == self.connection_file or \
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os.path.dirname(self.connection_file) == self.profile_dir.security_dir:
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# use shortname
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tail = basename
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if self.profile != 'default':
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tail += " --profile %s" % self.profile
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else:
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tail = self.connection_file
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lines = [
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"To connect another client to this kernel, use:",
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" --existing %s" % tail,
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]
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# log connection info
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# info-level, so often not shown.
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# frontends should use the %connect_info magic
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# to see the connection info
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for line in lines:
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self.log.info(line)
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# also raw print to the terminal if no parent_handle (`ipython kernel`)
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if not self.parent_handle:
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io.rprint(_ctrl_c_message)
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for line in lines:
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io.rprint(line)
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self.ports = dict(shell=self.shell_port, iopub=self.iopub_port,
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stdin=self.stdin_port, hb=self.hb_port,
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control=self.control_port)
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def init_blackhole(self):
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"""redirects stdout/stderr to devnull if necessary"""
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if self.no_stdout or self.no_stderr:
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blackhole = open(os.devnull, 'w')
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if self.no_stdout:
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sys.stdout = sys.__stdout__ = blackhole
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if self.no_stderr:
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sys.stderr = sys.__stderr__ = blackhole
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def init_io(self):
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"""Redirect input streams and set a display hook."""
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if self.outstream_class:
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outstream_factory = import_item(str(self.outstream_class))
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sys.stdout = outstream_factory(self.session, self.iopub_socket, u'stdout')
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sys.stderr = outstream_factory(self.session, self.iopub_socket, u'stderr')
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if self.displayhook_class:
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displayhook_factory = import_item(str(self.displayhook_class))
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sys.displayhook = displayhook_factory(self.session, self.iopub_socket)
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def init_signal(self):
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signal.signal(signal.SIGINT, signal.SIG_IGN)
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def init_kernel(self):
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"""Create the Kernel object itself"""
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shell_stream = ZMQStream(self.shell_socket)
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control_stream = ZMQStream(self.control_socket)
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kernel_factory = self.kernel_class.instance
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kernel = kernel_factory(parent=self, session=self.session,
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shell_streams=[shell_stream, control_stream],
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iopub_socket=self.iopub_socket,
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stdin_socket=self.stdin_socket,
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log=self.log,
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profile_dir=self.profile_dir,
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user_ns=self.user_ns,
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)
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kernel.record_ports(self.ports)
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self.kernel = kernel
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def init_gui_pylab(self):
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"""Enable GUI event loop integration, taking pylab into account."""
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# Provide a wrapper for :meth:`InteractiveShellApp.init_gui_pylab`
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# to ensure that any exception is printed straight to stderr.
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# Normally _showtraceback associates the reply with an execution,
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# which means frontends will never draw it, as this exception
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# is not associated with any execute request.
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shell = self.shell
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_showtraceback = shell._showtraceback
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try:
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# replace error-sending traceback with stderr
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def print_tb(etype, evalue, stb):
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print ("GUI event loop or pylab initialization failed",
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file=io.stderr)
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print (shell.InteractiveTB.stb2text(stb), file=io.stderr)
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shell._showtraceback = print_tb
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InteractiveShellApp.init_gui_pylab(self)
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finally:
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shell._showtraceback = _showtraceback
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def init_shell(self):
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self.shell = getattr(self.kernel, 'shell', None)
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if self.shell:
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self.shell.configurables.append(self)
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@catch_config_error
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def initialize(self, argv=None):
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super(IPKernelApp, self).initialize(argv)
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default_secure(self.config)
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self.init_blackhole()
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self.init_connection_file()
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self.init_poller()
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self.init_sockets()
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self.init_heartbeat()
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# writing/displaying connection info must be *after* init_sockets/heartbeat
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self.log_connection_info()
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self.write_connection_file()
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self.init_io()
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self.init_signal()
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self.init_kernel()
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# shell init steps
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self.init_path()
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self.init_shell()
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if self.shell:
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self.init_gui_pylab()
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self.init_extensions()
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self.init_code()
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# flush stdout/stderr, so that anything written to these streams during
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# initialization do not get associated with the first execution request
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sys.stdout.flush()
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sys.stderr.flush()
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def start(self):
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if self.poller is not None:
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self.poller.start()
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self.kernel.start()
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try:
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ioloop.IOLoop.instance().start()
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except KeyboardInterrupt:
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pass
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launch_new_instance = IPKernelApp.launch_instance
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def main():
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"""Run an IPKernel as an application"""
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app = IPKernelApp.instance()
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app.initialize()
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app.start()
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if __name__ == '__main__':
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main()
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