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# encoding: utf-8
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"""
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System command aliases.
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Authors:
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* Fernando Perez
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* Brian Granger
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"""
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#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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# Copyright (C) 2008-2011 The IPython Development Team
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#
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# Distributed under the terms of the BSD License.
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#
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# The full license is in the file COPYING.txt, distributed with this software.
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#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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# Imports
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#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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import __builtin__
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import keyword
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import os
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import re
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import sys
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from IPython.config.configurable import Configurable
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from IPython.core.error import UsageError
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from IPython.core.splitinput import split_user_input
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from IPython.utils.traitlets import List, Instance
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from IPython.utils.warn import warn, error
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#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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# Utilities
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#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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# This is used as the pattern for calls to split_user_input.
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shell_line_split = re.compile(r'^(\s*)()(\S+)(.*$)')
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def default_aliases():
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"""Return list of shell aliases to auto-define.
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"""
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# Note: the aliases defined here should be safe to use on a kernel
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# regardless of what frontend it is attached to. Frontends that use a
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# kernel in-process can define additional aliases that will only work in
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# their case. For example, things like 'less' or 'clear' that manipulate
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# the terminal should NOT be declared here, as they will only work if the
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# kernel is running inside a true terminal, and not over the network.
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if os.name == 'posix':
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default_aliases = [('mkdir', 'mkdir'), ('rmdir', 'rmdir'),
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('mv', 'mv -i'), ('rm', 'rm -i'), ('cp', 'cp -i'),
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('cat', 'cat'),
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]
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# Useful set of ls aliases. The GNU and BSD options are a little
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# different, so we make aliases that provide as similar as possible
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# behavior in ipython, by passing the right flags for each platform
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if sys.platform.startswith('linux'):
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ls_aliases = [('ls', 'ls -F --color'),
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# long ls
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('ll', 'ls -F -o --color'),
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# ls normal files only
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('lf', 'ls -F -o --color %l | grep ^-'),
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# ls symbolic links
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('lk', 'ls -F -o --color %l | grep ^l'),
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# directories or links to directories,
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('ldir', 'ls -F -o --color %l | grep /$'),
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# things which are executable
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('lx', 'ls -F -o --color %l | grep ^-..x'),
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]
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else:
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# BSD, OSX, etc.
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ls_aliases = [('ls', 'ls -F -G'),
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# long ls
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('ll', 'ls -F -l -G'),
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# ls normal files only
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('lf', 'ls -F -l -G %l | grep ^-'),
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# ls symbolic links
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('lk', 'ls -F -l -G %l | grep ^l'),
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# directories or links to directories,
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('ldir', 'ls -F -G -l %l | grep /$'),
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# things which are executable
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('lx', 'ls -F -l -G %l | grep ^-..x'),
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]
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default_aliases = default_aliases + ls_aliases
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elif os.name in ['nt', 'dos']:
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default_aliases = [('ls', 'dir /on'),
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('ddir', 'dir /ad /on'), ('ldir', 'dir /ad /on'),
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('mkdir', 'mkdir'), ('rmdir', 'rmdir'),
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('echo', 'echo'), ('ren', 'ren'), ('copy', 'copy'),
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]
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else:
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default_aliases = []
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return default_aliases
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class AliasError(Exception):
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pass
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class InvalidAliasError(AliasError):
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pass
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class AliasCaller(object):
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def __init__(self, shell, name, cmd):
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self.shell = shell
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self.name = name
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self.cmd = cmd
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self.nargs = cmd.count('%s')
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if (self.nargs > 0) and (cmd.find('%l') >= 0):
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raise InvalidAliasError('The %s and %l specifiers are mutually '
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'exclusive in alias definitions.')
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def __repr__(self):
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return "<alias {} for {!r}>".format(self.name, self.cmd)
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def __call__(self, rest=''):
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cmd = self.cmd
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nargs = self.nargs
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# Expand the %l special to be the user's input line
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if cmd.find('%l') >= 0:
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cmd = cmd.replace('%l', rest)
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rest = ''
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if nargs==0:
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# Simple, argument-less aliases
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cmd = '%s %s' % (cmd, rest)
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else:
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# Handle aliases with positional arguments
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args = rest.split(None, nargs)
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if len(args) < nargs:
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raise UsageError('Alias <%s> requires %s arguments, %s given.' %
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(self.name, nargs, len(args)))
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cmd = '%s %s' % (cmd % tuple(args[:nargs]),' '.join(args[nargs:]))
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self.shell.system(cmd)
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#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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# Main AliasManager class
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#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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class AliasManager(Configurable):
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default_aliases = List(default_aliases(), config=True)
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user_aliases = List(default_value=[], config=True)
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shell = Instance('IPython.core.interactiveshell.InteractiveShellABC')
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def __init__(self, shell=None, **kwargs):
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super(AliasManager, self).__init__(shell=shell, **kwargs)
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self.init_exclusions()
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self.init_aliases()
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@property
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def aliases(self):
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linemagics = self.shell.magics_manager.magics['line']
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return [(n, func.cmd) for (n, func) in linemagics.items()
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if isinstance(func, AliasCaller)]
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def init_exclusions(self):
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# set of things NOT to alias (keywords, builtins and some magics)
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no_alias = {'cd','popd','pushd','dhist','alias','unalias'}
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no_alias.update(set(keyword.kwlist))
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no_alias.update(set(__builtin__.__dict__.keys()))
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self.no_alias = no_alias
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def init_aliases(self):
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# Load default aliases
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for name, cmd in self.default_aliases:
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self.soft_define_alias(name, cmd)
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# Load user aliases
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for name, cmd in self.user_aliases:
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self.soft_define_alias(name, cmd)
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def clear_aliases(self):
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for name, cmd in self.aliases:
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self.undefine_alias(name)
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def soft_define_alias(self, name, cmd):
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"""Define an alias, but don't raise on an AliasError."""
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try:
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self.define_alias(name, cmd)
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except AliasError as e:
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error("Invalid alias: %s" % e)
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def define_alias(self, name, cmd):
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"""Define a new alias after validating it.
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This will raise an :exc:`AliasError` if there are validation
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problems.
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"""
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self.validate_alias(name, cmd)
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caller = AliasCaller(shell=self.shell, name=name, cmd=cmd)
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self.shell.magics_manager.register_function(caller, magic_kind='line',
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magic_name=name)
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def undefine_alias(self, name):
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linemagics = self.shell.magics_manager.magics['line']
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caller = linemagics.get(name, None)
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if isinstance(caller, AliasCaller):
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del linemagics[name]
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else:
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raise ValueError('%s is not an alias' % name)
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def validate_alias(self, name, cmd):
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"""Validate an alias and return the its number of arguments."""
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if name in self.no_alias:
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raise InvalidAliasError("The name %s can't be aliased "
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"because it is a keyword or builtin." % name)
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try:
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caller = self.shell.magics_manager.magics['line'][name]
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except KeyError:
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pass
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else:
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if not isinstance(caller, AliasCaller):
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raise InvalidAliasError("The name %s can't be aliased "
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"because it is another magic command." % name)
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if not (isinstance(cmd, basestring)):
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raise InvalidAliasError("An alias command must be a string, "
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"got: %r" % cmd)
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return True
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def retrieve_alias(self, name):
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"""Retrieve the command to which an alias expands."""
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caller = self.shell.magics_manager.magics['line'].get(name, None)
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if isinstance(caller, AliasCaller):
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return caller.cmd
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else:
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raise ValueError('%s is not an alias' % name)
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def is_alias(self, name):
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"""Return whether or not a given name has been defined as an alias"""
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caller = self.shell.magics_manager.magics['line'].get(name, None)
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return isinstance(caller, AliasCaller)
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