Required steps

Subclass :class:`IPython.kernel.zmq.kernelbase.Kernel`, and implement the following methods and attributes:

To launch your kernel, add this at the end of your module:

if __name__ == '__main__':
    from IPython.kernel.zmq.kernelapp import IPKernelApp
    IPKernelApp.launch_instance(kernel_class=MyKernel)

Example

echokernel.py will simply echo any input it's given to stdout:

from IPython.kernel.zmq.kernelbase import Kernel

class EchoKernel(Kernel):
    implementation = 'Echo'
    implementation_version = '1.0'
    language = 'no-op'
    language_version = '0.1'
    language_info = {'mimetype': 'text/plain'}
    banner = "Echo kernel - as useful as a parrot"

    def do_execute(self, code, silent, store_history=True, user_expressions=None,
                   allow_stdin=False):
        if not silent:
            stream_content = {'name': 'stdout', 'text': code}
            self.send_response(self.iopub_socket, 'stream', stream_content)

        return {'status': 'ok',
                # The base class increments the execution count
                'execution_count': self.execution_count,
                'payload': [],
                'user_expressions': {},
               }

if __name__ == '__main__':
    from IPython.kernel.zmq.kernelapp import IPKernelApp
    IPKernelApp.launch_instance(kernel_class=EchoKernel)

Here's the Kernel spec kernel.json file for this:

{"argv":["python","-m","echokernel", "-f", "{connection_file}"],
 "display_name":"Echo",
}

Optional steps

You can override a number of other methods to improve the functionality of your kernel. All of these methods should return a dictionary as described in the relevant section of the :doc:`messaging spec <messaging>`.