|
|
# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
|
|
|
"""Pylab (matplotlib) support utilities.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Authors
|
|
|
-------
|
|
|
|
|
|
* Fernando Perez.
|
|
|
* Brian Granger
|
|
|
"""
|
|
|
|
|
|
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
|
# Copyright (C) 2009-2011 The IPython Development Team
|
|
|
#
|
|
|
# Distributed under the terms of the BSD License. The full license is in
|
|
|
# the file COPYING, distributed as part of this software.
|
|
|
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
|
|
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
|
# Imports
|
|
|
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
|
|
import sys
|
|
|
from io import BytesIO
|
|
|
|
|
|
from IPython.utils.decorators import flag_calls
|
|
|
|
|
|
# If user specifies a GUI, that dictates the backend, otherwise we read the
|
|
|
# user's mpl default from the mpl rc structure
|
|
|
backends = {'tk': 'TkAgg',
|
|
|
'gtk': 'GTKAgg',
|
|
|
'wx': 'WXAgg',
|
|
|
'qt': 'Qt4Agg', # qt3 not supported
|
|
|
'qt4': 'Qt4Agg',
|
|
|
'osx': 'MacOSX',
|
|
|
'inline' : 'module://IPython.zmq.pylab.backend_inline'}
|
|
|
|
|
|
# We also need a reverse backends2guis mapping that will properly choose which
|
|
|
# GUI support to activate based on the desired matplotlib backend. For the
|
|
|
# most part it's just a reverse of the above dict, but we also need to add a
|
|
|
# few others that map to the same GUI manually:
|
|
|
backend2gui = dict(zip(backends.values(), backends.keys()))
|
|
|
# In the reverse mapping, there are a few extra valid matplotlib backends that
|
|
|
# map to the same GUI support
|
|
|
backend2gui['GTK'] = backend2gui['GTKCairo'] = 'gtk'
|
|
|
backend2gui['WX'] = 'wx'
|
|
|
backend2gui['CocoaAgg'] = 'osx'
|
|
|
|
|
|
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
|
# Matplotlib utilities
|
|
|
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
def getfigs(*fig_nums):
|
|
|
"""Get a list of matplotlib figures by figure numbers.
|
|
|
|
|
|
If no arguments are given, all available figures are returned. If the
|
|
|
argument list contains references to invalid figures, a warning is printed
|
|
|
but the function continues pasting further figures.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Parameters
|
|
|
----------
|
|
|
figs : tuple
|
|
|
A tuple of ints giving the figure numbers of the figures to return.
|
|
|
"""
|
|
|
from matplotlib._pylab_helpers import Gcf
|
|
|
if not fig_nums:
|
|
|
fig_managers = Gcf.get_all_fig_managers()
|
|
|
return [fm.canvas.figure for fm in fig_managers]
|
|
|
else:
|
|
|
figs = []
|
|
|
for num in fig_nums:
|
|
|
f = Gcf.figs.get(num)
|
|
|
if f is None:
|
|
|
print('Warning: figure %s not available.' % num)
|
|
|
else:
|
|
|
figs.append(f.canvas.figure)
|
|
|
return figs
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
def figsize(sizex, sizey):
|
|
|
"""Set the default figure size to be [sizex, sizey].
|
|
|
|
|
|
This is just an easy to remember, convenience wrapper that sets::
|
|
|
|
|
|
matplotlib.rcParams['figure.figsize'] = [sizex, sizey]
|
|
|
"""
|
|
|
import matplotlib
|
|
|
matplotlib.rcParams['figure.figsize'] = [sizex, sizey]
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
def print_figure(fig, fmt='png'):
|
|
|
"""Convert a figure to svg or png for inline display."""
|
|
|
# When there's an empty figure, we shouldn't return anything, otherwise we
|
|
|
# get big blank areas in the qt console.
|
|
|
if not fig.axes and not fig.lines:
|
|
|
return
|
|
|
|
|
|
fc = fig.get_facecolor()
|
|
|
ec = fig.get_edgecolor()
|
|
|
bytes_io = BytesIO()
|
|
|
fig.canvas.print_figure(bytes_io, format=fmt, bbox_inches='tight',
|
|
|
facecolor=fc, edgecolor=ec)
|
|
|
data = bytes_io.getvalue()
|
|
|
return data
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
# We need a little factory function here to create the closure where
|
|
|
# safe_execfile can live.
|
|
|
def mpl_runner(safe_execfile):
|
|
|
"""Factory to return a matplotlib-enabled runner for %run.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Parameters
|
|
|
----------
|
|
|
safe_execfile : function
|
|
|
This must be a function with the same interface as the
|
|
|
:meth:`safe_execfile` method of IPython.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Returns
|
|
|
-------
|
|
|
A function suitable for use as the ``runner`` argument of the %run magic
|
|
|
function.
|
|
|
"""
|
|
|
|
|
|
def mpl_execfile(fname,*where,**kw):
|
|
|
"""matplotlib-aware wrapper around safe_execfile.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Its interface is identical to that of the :func:`execfile` builtin.
|
|
|
|
|
|
This is ultimately a call to execfile(), but wrapped in safeties to
|
|
|
properly handle interactive rendering."""
|
|
|
|
|
|
import matplotlib
|
|
|
import matplotlib.pylab as pylab
|
|
|
|
|
|
#print '*** Matplotlib runner ***' # dbg
|
|
|
# turn off rendering until end of script
|
|
|
is_interactive = matplotlib.rcParams['interactive']
|
|
|
matplotlib.interactive(False)
|
|
|
safe_execfile(fname,*where,**kw)
|
|
|
matplotlib.interactive(is_interactive)
|
|
|
# make rendering call now, if the user tried to do it
|
|
|
if pylab.draw_if_interactive.called:
|
|
|
pylab.draw()
|
|
|
pylab.draw_if_interactive.called = False
|
|
|
|
|
|
return mpl_execfile
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
def select_figure_format(shell, fmt):
|
|
|
"""Select figure format for inline backend, either 'png' or 'svg'.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Using this method ensures only one figure format is active at a time.
|
|
|
"""
|
|
|
from matplotlib.figure import Figure
|
|
|
from IPython.zmq.pylab import backend_inline
|
|
|
|
|
|
svg_formatter = shell.display_formatter.formatters['image/svg+xml']
|
|
|
png_formatter = shell.display_formatter.formatters['image/png']
|
|
|
|
|
|
if fmt=='png':
|
|
|
svg_formatter.type_printers.pop(Figure, None)
|
|
|
png_formatter.for_type(Figure, lambda fig: print_figure(fig, 'png'))
|
|
|
elif fmt=='svg':
|
|
|
png_formatter.type_printers.pop(Figure, None)
|
|
|
svg_formatter.for_type(Figure, lambda fig: print_figure(fig, 'svg'))
|
|
|
else:
|
|
|
raise ValueError("supported formats are: 'png', 'svg', not %r"%fmt)
|
|
|
|
|
|
# set the format to be used in the backend()
|
|
|
backend_inline._figure_format = fmt
|
|
|
|
|
|
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
|
# Code for initializing matplotlib and importing pylab
|
|
|
#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
def find_gui_and_backend(gui=None):
|
|
|
"""Given a gui string return the gui and mpl backend.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Parameters
|
|
|
----------
|
|
|
gui : str
|
|
|
Can be one of ('tk','gtk','wx','qt','qt4','inline').
|
|
|
|
|
|
Returns
|
|
|
-------
|
|
|
A tuple of (gui, backend) where backend is one of ('TkAgg','GTKAgg',
|
|
|
'WXAgg','Qt4Agg','module://IPython.zmq.pylab.backend_inline').
|
|
|
"""
|
|
|
|
|
|
import matplotlib
|
|
|
|
|
|
if gui and gui != 'auto':
|
|
|
# select backend based on requested gui
|
|
|
backend = backends[gui]
|
|
|
else:
|
|
|
backend = matplotlib.rcParams['backend']
|
|
|
# In this case, we need to find what the appropriate gui selection call
|
|
|
# should be for IPython, so we can activate inputhook accordingly
|
|
|
gui = backend2gui.get(backend, None)
|
|
|
return gui, backend
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
def activate_matplotlib(backend):
|
|
|
"""Activate the given backend and set interactive to True."""
|
|
|
|
|
|
import matplotlib
|
|
|
matplotlib.interactive(True)
|
|
|
|
|
|
# Matplotlib had a bug where even switch_backend could not force
|
|
|
# the rcParam to update. This needs to be set *before* the module
|
|
|
# magic of switch_backend().
|
|
|
matplotlib.rcParams['backend'] = backend
|
|
|
|
|
|
import matplotlib.pyplot
|
|
|
matplotlib.pyplot.switch_backend(backend)
|
|
|
|
|
|
# This must be imported last in the matplotlib series, after
|
|
|
# backend/interactivity choices have been made
|
|
|
import matplotlib.pylab as pylab
|
|
|
|
|
|
pylab.show._needmain = False
|
|
|
# We need to detect at runtime whether show() is called by the user.
|
|
|
# For this, we wrap it into a decorator which adds a 'called' flag.
|
|
|
pylab.draw_if_interactive = flag_calls(pylab.draw_if_interactive)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
def import_pylab(user_ns, import_all=True):
|
|
|
"""Import the standard pylab symbols into user_ns."""
|
|
|
|
|
|
# Import numpy as np/pyplot as plt are conventions we're trying to
|
|
|
# somewhat standardize on. Making them available to users by default
|
|
|
# will greatly help this.
|
|
|
s = ("import numpy\n"
|
|
|
"import matplotlib\n"
|
|
|
"from matplotlib import pylab, mlab, pyplot\n"
|
|
|
"np = numpy\n"
|
|
|
"plt = pyplot\n"
|
|
|
)
|
|
|
exec s in user_ns
|
|
|
|
|
|
if import_all:
|
|
|
s = ("from matplotlib.pylab import *\n"
|
|
|
"from numpy import *\n")
|
|
|
exec s in user_ns
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
def configure_inline_support(shell, backend, user_ns=None):
|
|
|
"""Configure an IPython shell object for matplotlib use.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Parameters
|
|
|
----------
|
|
|
shell : InteractiveShell instance
|
|
|
|
|
|
backend : matplotlib backend
|
|
|
|
|
|
user_ns : dict
|
|
|
A namespace where all configured variables will be placed. If not given,
|
|
|
the `user_ns` attribute of the shell object is used.
|
|
|
"""
|
|
|
# If using our svg payload backend, register the post-execution
|
|
|
# function that will pick up the results for display. This can only be
|
|
|
# done with access to the real shell object.
|
|
|
|
|
|
# Note: if we can't load the inline backend, then there's no point
|
|
|
# continuing (such as in terminal-only shells in environments without
|
|
|
# zeromq available).
|
|
|
try:
|
|
|
from IPython.zmq.pylab.backend_inline import InlineBackend
|
|
|
except ImportError:
|
|
|
return
|
|
|
from matplotlib import pyplot
|
|
|
|
|
|
user_ns = shell.user_ns if user_ns is None else user_ns
|
|
|
|
|
|
cfg = InlineBackend.instance(config=shell.config)
|
|
|
cfg.shell = shell
|
|
|
if cfg not in shell.configurables:
|
|
|
shell.configurables.append(cfg)
|
|
|
|
|
|
if backend == backends['inline']:
|
|
|
from IPython.zmq.pylab.backend_inline import flush_figures
|
|
|
shell.register_post_execute(flush_figures)
|
|
|
|
|
|
# Save rcParams that will be overwrittern
|
|
|
shell._saved_rcParams = dict()
|
|
|
for k in cfg.rc:
|
|
|
shell._saved_rcParams[k] = pyplot.rcParams[k]
|
|
|
# load inline_rc
|
|
|
pyplot.rcParams.update(cfg.rc)
|
|
|
# Add 'figsize' to pyplot and to the user's namespace
|
|
|
user_ns['figsize'] = pyplot.figsize = figsize
|
|
|
else:
|
|
|
from IPython.zmq.pylab.backend_inline import flush_figures
|
|
|
if flush_figures in shell._post_execute:
|
|
|
shell._post_execute.pop(flush_figures)
|
|
|
if hasattr(shell, '_saved_rcParams'):
|
|
|
pyplot.rcParams.update(shell._saved_rcParams)
|
|
|
del shell._saved_rcParams
|
|
|
|
|
|
# Setup the default figure format
|
|
|
fmt = cfg.figure_format
|
|
|
select_figure_format(shell, fmt)
|
|
|
|
|
|
# The old pastefig function has been replaced by display
|
|
|
from IPython.core.display import display
|
|
|
# Add display and getfigs to the user's namespace
|
|
|
user_ns['display'] = display
|
|
|
user_ns['getfigs'] = getfigs
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
def pylab_activate(user_ns, gui=None, import_all=True, shell=None):
|
|
|
"""Activate pylab mode in the user's namespace.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Loads and initializes numpy, matplotlib and friends for interactive use.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Parameters
|
|
|
----------
|
|
|
user_ns : dict
|
|
|
Namespace where the imports will occur.
|
|
|
|
|
|
gui : optional, string
|
|
|
A valid gui name following the conventions of the %gui magic.
|
|
|
|
|
|
import_all : optional, boolean
|
|
|
If true, an 'import *' is done from numpy and pylab.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Returns
|
|
|
-------
|
|
|
The actual gui used (if not given as input, it was obtained from matplotlib
|
|
|
itself, and will be needed next to configure IPython's gui integration.
|
|
|
"""
|
|
|
gui, backend = find_gui_and_backend(gui)
|
|
|
activate_matplotlib(backend)
|
|
|
import_pylab(user_ns, import_all)
|
|
|
if shell is not None:
|
|
|
configure_inline_support(shell, backend, user_ns)
|
|
|
|
|
|
print """
|
|
|
Welcome to pylab, a matplotlib-based Python environment [backend: %s].
|
|
|
For more information, type 'help(pylab)'.""" % backend
|
|
|
# flush stdout, just to be safe
|
|
|
sys.stdout.flush()
|
|
|
|
|
|
return gui
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
