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"""Utilities for connecting to kernels
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Authors:
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* Min Ragan-Kelley
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"""
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#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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# Copyright (C) 2013 The IPython Development Team
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#
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# Distributed under the terms of the BSD License. The full license is in
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# the file COPYING, distributed as part of this software.
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#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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# Imports
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#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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from __future__ import absolute_import
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import glob
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import json
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import os
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import socket
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import sys
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from getpass import getpass
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from subprocess import Popen, PIPE
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import tempfile
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import zmq
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# external imports
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from IPython.external.ssh import tunnel
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# IPython imports
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from IPython.config import Configurable
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from IPython.core.profiledir import ProfileDir
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from IPython.utils.localinterfaces import localhost
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from IPython.utils.path import filefind, get_ipython_dir
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from IPython.utils.py3compat import (str_to_bytes, bytes_to_str, cast_bytes_py2,
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string_types)
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from IPython.utils.traitlets import (
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Bool, Integer, Unicode, CaselessStrEnum,
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)
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#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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# Working with Connection Files
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#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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def write_connection_file(fname=None, shell_port=0, iopub_port=0, stdin_port=0, hb_port=0,
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control_port=0, ip='', key=b'', transport='tcp',
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signature_scheme='hmac-sha256',
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):
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"""Generates a JSON config file, including the selection of random ports.
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Parameters
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----------
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fname : unicode
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The path to the file to write
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shell_port : int, optional
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The port to use for ROUTER (shell) channel.
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iopub_port : int, optional
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The port to use for the SUB channel.
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stdin_port : int, optional
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The port to use for the ROUTER (raw input) channel.
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control_port : int, optional
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The port to use for the ROUTER (control) channel.
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hb_port : int, optional
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The port to use for the heartbeat REP channel.
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ip : str, optional
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The ip address the kernel will bind to.
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key : str, optional
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The Session key used for message authentication.
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signature_scheme : str, optional
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The scheme used for message authentication.
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This has the form 'digest-hash', where 'digest'
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is the scheme used for digests, and 'hash' is the name of the hash function
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used by the digest scheme.
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Currently, 'hmac' is the only supported digest scheme,
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and 'sha256' is the default hash function.
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"""
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if not ip:
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ip = localhost()
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# default to temporary connector file
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if not fname:
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fname = tempfile.mktemp('.json')
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# Find open ports as necessary.
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ports = []
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ports_needed = int(shell_port <= 0) + \
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int(iopub_port <= 0) + \
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int(stdin_port <= 0) + \
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int(control_port <= 0) + \
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int(hb_port <= 0)
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if transport == 'tcp':
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for i in range(ports_needed):
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sock = socket.socket()
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sock.bind(('', 0))
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ports.append(sock)
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for i, sock in enumerate(ports):
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port = sock.getsockname()[1]
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sock.close()
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ports[i] = port
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else:
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N = 1
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for i in range(ports_needed):
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while os.path.exists("%s-%s" % (ip, str(N))):
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N += 1
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ports.append(N)
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N += 1
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if shell_port <= 0:
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shell_port = ports.pop(0)
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if iopub_port <= 0:
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iopub_port = ports.pop(0)
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if stdin_port <= 0:
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stdin_port = ports.pop(0)
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if control_port <= 0:
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control_port = ports.pop(0)
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if hb_port <= 0:
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hb_port = ports.pop(0)
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cfg = dict( shell_port=shell_port,
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iopub_port=iopub_port,
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stdin_port=stdin_port,
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control_port=control_port,
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hb_port=hb_port,
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)
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cfg['ip'] = ip
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cfg['key'] = bytes_to_str(key)
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cfg['transport'] = transport
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cfg['signature_scheme'] = signature_scheme
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with open(fname, 'w') as f:
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f.write(json.dumps(cfg, indent=2))
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return fname, cfg
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def get_connection_file(app=None):
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"""Return the path to the connection file of an app
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Parameters
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----------
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app : IPKernelApp instance [optional]
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If unspecified, the currently running app will be used
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"""
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if app is None:
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from IPython.kernel.zmq.kernelapp import IPKernelApp
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if not IPKernelApp.initialized():
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raise RuntimeError("app not specified, and not in a running Kernel")
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app = IPKernelApp.instance()
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return filefind(app.connection_file, ['.', app.profile_dir.security_dir])
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def find_connection_file(filename, profile=None):
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"""find a connection file, and return its absolute path.
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The current working directory and the profile's security
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directory will be searched for the file if it is not given by
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absolute path.
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If profile is unspecified, then the current running application's
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profile will be used, or 'default', if not run from IPython.
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If the argument does not match an existing file, it will be interpreted as a
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fileglob, and the matching file in the profile's security dir with
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the latest access time will be used.
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Parameters
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----------
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filename : str
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The connection file or fileglob to search for.
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profile : str [optional]
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The name of the profile to use when searching for the connection file,
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if different from the current IPython session or 'default'.
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Returns
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-------
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str : The absolute path of the connection file.
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"""
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from IPython.core.application import BaseIPythonApplication as IPApp
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try:
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# quick check for absolute path, before going through logic
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return filefind(filename)
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except IOError:
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pass
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if profile is None:
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# profile unspecified, check if running from an IPython app
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if IPApp.initialized():
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app = IPApp.instance()
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profile_dir = app.profile_dir
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else:
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# not running in IPython, use default profile
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profile_dir = ProfileDir.find_profile_dir_by_name(get_ipython_dir(), 'default')
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else:
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# find profiledir by profile name:
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profile_dir = ProfileDir.find_profile_dir_by_name(get_ipython_dir(), profile)
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security_dir = profile_dir.security_dir
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try:
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# first, try explicit name
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return filefind(filename, ['.', security_dir])
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except IOError:
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pass
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# not found by full name
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if '*' in filename:
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# given as a glob already
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pat = filename
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else:
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# accept any substring match
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pat = '*%s*' % filename
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matches = glob.glob( os.path.join(security_dir, pat) )
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if not matches:
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raise IOError("Could not find %r in %r" % (filename, security_dir))
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elif len(matches) == 1:
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return matches[0]
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else:
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# get most recent match, by access time:
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return sorted(matches, key=lambda f: os.stat(f).st_atime)[-1]
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def get_connection_info(connection_file=None, unpack=False, profile=None):
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"""Return the connection information for the current Kernel.
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Parameters
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----------
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connection_file : str [optional]
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The connection file to be used. Can be given by absolute path, or
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IPython will search in the security directory of a given profile.
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If run from IPython,
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If unspecified, the connection file for the currently running
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IPython Kernel will be used, which is only allowed from inside a kernel.
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unpack : bool [default: False]
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if True, return the unpacked dict, otherwise just the string contents
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of the file.
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profile : str [optional]
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The name of the profile to use when searching for the connection file,
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if different from the current IPython session or 'default'.
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Returns
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-------
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The connection dictionary of the current kernel, as string or dict,
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depending on `unpack`.
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"""
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if connection_file is None:
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# get connection file from current kernel
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cf = get_connection_file()
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else:
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# connection file specified, allow shortnames:
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cf = find_connection_file(connection_file, profile=profile)
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with open(cf) as f:
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info = f.read()
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if unpack:
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info = json.loads(info)
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# ensure key is bytes:
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info['key'] = str_to_bytes(info.get('key', ''))
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return info
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def connect_qtconsole(connection_file=None, argv=None, profile=None):
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"""Connect a qtconsole to the current kernel.
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This is useful for connecting a second qtconsole to a kernel, or to a
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local notebook.
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Parameters
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----------
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connection_file : str [optional]
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The connection file to be used. Can be given by absolute path, or
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IPython will search in the security directory of a given profile.
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If run from IPython,
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If unspecified, the connection file for the currently running
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IPython Kernel will be used, which is only allowed from inside a kernel.
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argv : list [optional]
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Any extra args to be passed to the console.
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profile : str [optional]
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The name of the profile to use when searching for the connection file,
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if different from the current IPython session or 'default'.
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Returns
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-------
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subprocess.Popen instance running the qtconsole frontend
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"""
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argv = [] if argv is None else argv
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if connection_file is None:
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# get connection file from current kernel
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cf = get_connection_file()
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else:
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cf = find_connection_file(connection_file, profile=profile)
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cmd = ';'.join([
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"from IPython.qt.console import qtconsoleapp",
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"qtconsoleapp.main()"
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])
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return Popen([sys.executable, '-c', cmd, '--existing', cf] + argv,
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stdout=PIPE, stderr=PIPE, close_fds=(sys.platform != 'win32'),
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)
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def tunnel_to_kernel(connection_info, sshserver, sshkey=None):
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"""tunnel connections to a kernel via ssh
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This will open four SSH tunnels from localhost on this machine to the
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ports associated with the kernel. They can be either direct
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localhost-localhost tunnels, or if an intermediate server is necessary,
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the kernel must be listening on a public IP.
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Parameters
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----------
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connection_info : dict or str (path)
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Either a connection dict, or the path to a JSON connection file
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sshserver : str
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The ssh sever to use to tunnel to the kernel. Can be a full
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`user@server:port` string. ssh config aliases are respected.
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sshkey : str [optional]
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Path to file containing ssh key to use for authentication.
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Only necessary if your ssh config does not already associate
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a keyfile with the host.
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Returns
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-------
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(shell, iopub, stdin, hb) : ints
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The four ports on localhost that have been forwarded to the kernel.
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"""
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if isinstance(connection_info, string_types):
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# it's a path, unpack it
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with open(connection_info) as f:
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connection_info = json.loads(f.read())
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cf = connection_info
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lports = tunnel.select_random_ports(4)
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rports = cf['shell_port'], cf['iopub_port'], cf['stdin_port'], cf['hb_port']
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remote_ip = cf['ip']
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if tunnel.try_passwordless_ssh(sshserver, sshkey):
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password=False
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else:
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password = getpass("SSH Password for %s: " % cast_bytes_py2(sshserver))
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for lp,rp in zip(lports, rports):
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tunnel.ssh_tunnel(lp, rp, sshserver, remote_ip, sshkey, password)
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return tuple(lports)
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#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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# Mixin for classes that work with connection files
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#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
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channel_socket_types = {
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'hb' : zmq.REQ,
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'shell' : zmq.DEALER,
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'iopub' : zmq.SUB,
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'stdin' : zmq.DEALER,
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'control': zmq.DEALER,
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}
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port_names = [ "%s_port" % channel for channel in ('shell', 'stdin', 'iopub', 'hb', 'control')]
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class ConnectionFileMixin(Configurable):
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"""Mixin for configurable classes that work with connection files"""
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# The addresses for the communication channels
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connection_file = Unicode('')
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_connection_file_written = Bool(False)
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transport = CaselessStrEnum(['tcp', 'ipc'], default_value='tcp', config=True)
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ip = Unicode(config=True,
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help="""Set the kernel\'s IP address [default localhost].
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If the IP address is something other than localhost, then
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Consoles on other machines will be able to connect
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to the Kernel, so be careful!"""
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)
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def _ip_default(self):
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if self.transport == 'ipc':
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if self.connection_file:
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return os.path.splitext(self.connection_file)[0] + '-ipc'
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else:
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return 'kernel-ipc'
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else:
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return localhost()
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def _ip_changed(self, name, old, new):
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if new == '*':
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self.ip = '0.0.0.0'
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# protected traits
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shell_port = Integer(0)
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iopub_port = Integer(0)
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stdin_port = Integer(0)
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control_port = Integer(0)
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hb_port = Integer(0)
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@property
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def ports(self):
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return [ getattr(self, name) for name in port_names ]
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#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
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# Connection and ipc file management
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#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
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def get_connection_info(self):
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"""return the connection info as a dict"""
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return dict(
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transport=self.transport,
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ip=self.ip,
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shell_port=self.shell_port,
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iopub_port=self.iopub_port,
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stdin_port=self.stdin_port,
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hb_port=self.hb_port,
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control_port=self.control_port,
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signature_scheme=self.session.signature_scheme,
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key=self.session.key,
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)
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def cleanup_connection_file(self):
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"""Cleanup connection file *if we wrote it*
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Will not raise if the connection file was already removed somehow.
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"""
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if self._connection_file_written:
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# cleanup connection files on full shutdown of kernel we started
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self._connection_file_written = False
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try:
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os.remove(self.connection_file)
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except (IOError, OSError, AttributeError):
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pass
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def cleanup_ipc_files(self):
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"""Cleanup ipc files if we wrote them."""
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if self.transport != 'ipc':
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return
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for port in self.ports:
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ipcfile = "%s-%i" % (self.ip, port)
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try:
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|
os.remove(ipcfile)
|
|
|
except (IOError, OSError):
|
|
|
pass
|
|
|
|
|
|
def write_connection_file(self):
|
|
|
"""Write connection info to JSON dict in self.connection_file."""
|
|
|
if self._connection_file_written:
|
|
|
return
|
|
|
|
|
|
self.connection_file, cfg = write_connection_file(self.connection_file,
|
|
|
transport=self.transport, ip=self.ip, key=self.session.key,
|
|
|
stdin_port=self.stdin_port, iopub_port=self.iopub_port,
|
|
|
shell_port=self.shell_port, hb_port=self.hb_port,
|
|
|
control_port=self.control_port,
|
|
|
signature_scheme=self.session.signature_scheme,
|
|
|
)
|
|
|
# write_connection_file also sets default ports:
|
|
|
for name in port_names:
|
|
|
setattr(self, name, cfg[name])
|
|
|
|
|
|
self._connection_file_written = True
|
|
|
|
|
|
def load_connection_file(self):
|
|
|
"""Load connection info from JSON dict in self.connection_file."""
|
|
|
with open(self.connection_file) as f:
|
|
|
cfg = json.loads(f.read())
|
|
|
|
|
|
self.transport = cfg.get('transport', 'tcp')
|
|
|
self.ip = cfg['ip']
|
|
|
for name in port_names:
|
|
|
setattr(self, name, cfg[name])
|
|
|
if 'key' in cfg:
|
|
|
self.session.key = str_to_bytes(cfg['key'])
|
|
|
if cfg.get('signature_scheme'):
|
|
|
self.session.signature_scheme = cfg['signature_scheme']
|
|
|
|
|
|
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
|
# Creating connected sockets
|
|
|
#--------------------------------------------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
|
|
def _make_url(self, channel):
|
|
|
"""Make a ZeroMQ URL for a given channel."""
|
|
|
transport = self.transport
|
|
|
ip = self.ip
|
|
|
port = getattr(self, '%s_port' % channel)
|
|
|
|
|
|
if transport == 'tcp':
|
|
|
return "tcp://%s:%i" % (ip, port)
|
|
|
else:
|
|
|
return "%s://%s-%s" % (transport, ip, port)
|
|
|
|
|
|
def _create_connected_socket(self, channel, identity=None):
|
|
|
"""Create a zmq Socket and connect it to the kernel."""
|
|
|
url = self._make_url(channel)
|
|
|
socket_type = channel_socket_types[channel]
|
|
|
self.log.info("Connecting to: %s" % url)
|
|
|
sock = self.context.socket(socket_type)
|
|
|
if identity:
|
|
|
sock.identity = identity
|
|
|
sock.connect(url)
|
|
|
return sock
|
|
|
|
|
|
def connect_iopub(self, identity=None):
|
|
|
"""return zmq Socket connected to the IOPub channel"""
|
|
|
sock = self._create_connected_socket('iopub', identity=identity)
|
|
|
sock.setsockopt(zmq.SUBSCRIBE, b'')
|
|
|
return sock
|
|
|
|
|
|
def connect_shell(self, identity=None):
|
|
|
"""return zmq Socket connected to the Shell channel"""
|
|
|
return self._create_connected_socket('shell', identity=identity)
|
|
|
|
|
|
def connect_stdin(self, identity=None):
|
|
|
"""return zmq Socket connected to the StdIn channel"""
|
|
|
return self._create_connected_socket('stdin', identity=identity)
|
|
|
|
|
|
def connect_hb(self, identity=None):
|
|
|
"""return zmq Socket connected to the Heartbeat channel"""
|
|
|
return self._create_connected_socket('hb', identity=identity)
|
|
|
|
|
|
def connect_control(self, identity=None):
|
|
|
"""return zmq Socket connected to the Heartbeat channel"""
|
|
|
return self._create_connected_socket('control', identity=identity)
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
__all__ = [
|
|
|
'write_connection_file',
|
|
|
'get_connection_file',
|
|
|
'find_connection_file',
|
|
|
'get_connection_info',
|
|
|
'connect_qtconsole',
|
|
|
'tunnel_to_kernel',
|
|
|
]
|
|
|
|
