"""Base Widget class. Allows user to create widgets in the back-end that render in the IPython notebook front-end. """ #----------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Copyright (c) 2013, the IPython Development Team. # # Distributed under the terms of the Modified BSD License. # # The full license is in the file COPYING.txt, distributed with this software. #----------------------------------------------------------------------------- #----------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Imports #----------------------------------------------------------------------------- from contextlib import contextmanager import collections from IPython.core.getipython import get_ipython from IPython.kernel.comm import Comm from IPython.config import LoggingConfigurable from IPython.utils.importstring import import_item from IPython.utils.traitlets import Unicode, Dict, Instance, Bool, List, \ CaselessStrEnum, Tuple, CUnicode, Int, Set from IPython.utils.py3compat import string_types from .trait_types import Color #----------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Classes #----------------------------------------------------------------------------- class CallbackDispatcher(LoggingConfigurable): """A structure for registering and running callbacks""" callbacks = List() def __call__(self, *args, **kwargs): """Call all of the registered callbacks.""" value = None for callback in self.callbacks: try: local_value = callback(*args, **kwargs) except Exception as e: ip = get_ipython() if ip is None: self.log.warn("Exception in callback %s: %s", callback, e, exc_info=True) else: ip.showtraceback() else: value = local_value if local_value is not None else value return value def register_callback(self, callback, remove=False): """(Un)Register a callback Parameters ---------- callback: method handle Method to be registered or unregistered. remove=False: bool Whether to unregister the callback.""" # (Un)Register the callback. if remove and callback in self.callbacks: self.callbacks.remove(callback) elif not remove and callback not in self.callbacks: self.callbacks.append(callback) def _show_traceback(method): """decorator for showing tracebacks in IPython""" def m(self, *args, **kwargs): try: return(method(self, *args, **kwargs)) except Exception as e: ip = get_ipython() if ip is None: self.log.warn("Exception in widget method %s: %s", method, e, exc_info=True) else: ip.showtraceback() return m def register(key=None): """Returns a decorator registering a widget class in the widget registry. If no key is provided, the class name is used as a key. A key is provided for each core IPython widget so that the frontend can use this key regardless of the language of the kernel""" def wrap(widget): l = key if key is not None else widget.__module__ + widget.__name__ Widget.widget_types[l] = widget return widget return wrap def _widget_to_json(x): if isinstance(x, dict): return {k: _widget_to_json(v) for k, v in x.items()} elif isinstance(x, (list, tuple)): return [_widget_to_json(v) for v in x] elif isinstance(x, Widget): return "IPY_MODEL_" + x.model_id else: return x def _json_to_widget(x): if isinstance(x, dict): return {k: _json_to_widget(v) for k, v in x.items()} elif isinstance(x, (list, tuple)): return [_json_to_widget(v) for v in x] elif isinstance(x, string_types) and x.startswith('IPY_MODEL_') and x[10:] in Widget.widgets: return Widget.widgets[x[10:]] else: return x widget_serialization = { 'from_json': _json_to_widget, 'to_json': lambda x: (_widget_to_json(x), {'serialization': ('widget_serialization', 'widgets/js/types')}) } def _to_binary_list(x): import numpy return memoryview(numpy.array(x, dtype=float)), {'serialization': ('list_of_numbers', 'widgets/js/types')} def _from_binary_list(x): import numpy a = numpy.frombuffer(x.tobytes(), dtype=float) return list(a) list_of_numbers = { 'from_json': _from_binary_list, 'to_json': _to_binary_list } class Widget(LoggingConfigurable): #------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Class attributes #------------------------------------------------------------------------- _widget_construction_callback = None widgets = {} widget_types = {} @staticmethod def on_widget_constructed(callback): """Registers a callback to be called when a widget is constructed. The callback must have the following signature: callback(widget)""" Widget._widget_construction_callback = callback @staticmethod def _call_widget_constructed(widget): """Static method, called when a widget is constructed.""" if Widget._widget_construction_callback is not None and callable(Widget._widget_construction_callback): Widget._widget_construction_callback(widget) @staticmethod def handle_comm_opened(comm, msg): """Static method, called when a widget is constructed.""" widget_class = import_item(msg['content']['data']['widget_class']) widget = widget_class(comm=comm) #------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Traits #------------------------------------------------------------------------- _model_module = Unicode(None, allow_none=True, help="""A requirejs module name in which to find _model_name. If empty, look in the global registry.""") _model_name = Unicode('WidgetModel', help="""Name of the backbone model registered in the front-end to create and sync this widget with.""") _view_module = Unicode(help="""A requirejs module in which to find _view_name. If empty, look in the global registry.""", sync=True) _view_name = Unicode(None, allow_none=True, help="""Default view registered in the front-end to use to represent the widget.""", sync=True) comm = Instance('IPython.kernel.comm.Comm') msg_throttle = Int(3, sync=True, help="""Maximum number of msgs the front-end can send before receiving an idle msg from the back-end.""") version = Int(0, sync=True, help="""Widget's version""") keys = List() def _keys_default(self): return [name for name in self.traits(sync=True)] _property_lock = Tuple((None, None)) _send_state_lock = Int(0) _states_to_send = Set() _display_callbacks = Instance(CallbackDispatcher, ()) _msg_callbacks = Instance(CallbackDispatcher, ()) #------------------------------------------------------------------------- # (Con/de)structor #------------------------------------------------------------------------- def __init__(self, **kwargs): """Public constructor""" self._model_id = kwargs.pop('model_id', None) super(Widget, self).__init__(**kwargs) Widget._call_widget_constructed(self) self.open() def __del__(self): """Object disposal""" self.close() #------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Properties #------------------------------------------------------------------------- def open(self): """Open a comm to the frontend if one isn't already open.""" if self.comm is None: args = dict(target_name='ipython.widget', data={'model_name': self._model_name, 'model_module': self._model_module}) if self._model_id is not None: args['comm_id'] = self._model_id self.comm = Comm(**args) def _comm_changed(self, name, new): """Called when the comm is changed.""" if new is None: return self._model_id = self.model_id self.comm.on_msg(self._handle_msg) Widget.widgets[self.model_id] = self # first update self.send_state() @property def model_id(self): """Gets the model id of this widget. If a Comm doesn't exist yet, a Comm will be created automagically.""" return self.comm.comm_id #------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Methods #------------------------------------------------------------------------- def close(self): """Close method. Closes the underlying comm. When the comm is closed, all of the widget views are automatically removed from the front-end.""" if self.comm is not None: Widget.widgets.pop(self.model_id, None) self.comm.close() self.comm = None def send_state(self, key=None): """Sends the widget state, or a piece of it, to the front-end. Parameters ---------- key : unicode, or iterable (optional) A single property's name or iterable of property names to sync with the front-end. """ state, buffer_keys, buffers, metadata = self.get_state(key=key) msg = {"method": "update", "state": state} if buffer_keys: msg['buffers'] = buffer_keys if metadata: msg['metadata'] = metadata self._send(msg, buffers=buffers) def get_state(self, key=None): """Gets the widget state, or a piece of it. Parameters ---------- key : unicode or iterable (optional) A single property's name or iterable of property names to get. Returns ------- state : dict of states buffer_keys : list of strings the values that are stored in buffers buffers : list of binary memoryviews values to transmit in binary metadata : dict metadata for each field: {key: metadata} """ if key is None: keys = self.keys elif isinstance(key, string_types): keys = [key] elif isinstance(key, collections.Iterable): keys = key else: raise ValueError("key must be a string, an iterable of keys, or None") state = {} buffers = [] buffer_keys = [] metadata = {} for k in keys: f = self.trait_metadata(k, 'to_json', self._trait_to_json) value = getattr(self, k) serialized, md = f(value) if isinstance(serialized, memoryview): buffers.append(serialized) buffer_keys.append(k) else: state[k] = serialized if md is not None: metadata[k] = md return state, buffer_keys, buffers, metadata def set_state(self, sync_data): """Called when a state is received from the front-end.""" for name in self.keys: if name in sync_data: json_value = sync_data[name] from_json = self.trait_metadata(name, 'from_json', self._trait_from_json) with self._lock_property(name, json_value): setattr(self, name, from_json(json_value)) def send(self, content, buffers=None): """Sends a custom msg to the widget model in the front-end. Parameters ---------- content : dict Content of the message to send. buffers : list of binary buffers Binary buffers to send with message """ self._send({"method": "custom", "content": content}, buffers=buffers) def on_msg(self, callback, remove=False): """(Un)Register a custom msg receive callback. Parameters ---------- callback: callable callback will be passed three arguments when a message arrives:: callback(widget, content, buffers) remove: bool True if the callback should be unregistered.""" self._msg_callbacks.register_callback(callback, remove=remove) def on_displayed(self, callback, remove=False): """(Un)Register a widget displayed callback. Parameters ---------- callback: method handler Must have a signature of:: callback(widget, **kwargs) kwargs from display are passed through without modification. remove: bool True if the callback should be unregistered.""" self._display_callbacks.register_callback(callback, remove=remove) #------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Support methods #------------------------------------------------------------------------- @contextmanager def _lock_property(self, key, value): """Lock a property-value pair. The value should be the JSON state of the property. NOTE: This, in addition to the single lock for all state changes, is flawed. In the future we may want to look into buffering state changes back to the front-end.""" self._property_lock = (key, value) try: yield finally: self._property_lock = (None, None) @contextmanager def hold_sync(self): """Hold syncing any state until the context manager is released""" # We increment a value so that this can be nested. Syncing will happen when # all levels have been released. self._send_state_lock += 1 try: yield finally: self._send_state_lock -=1 if self._send_state_lock == 0: self.send_state(self._states_to_send) self._states_to_send.clear() def _should_send_property(self, key, value): """Check the property lock (property_lock)""" to_json = self.trait_metadata(key, 'to_json', self._trait_to_json) if (key == self._property_lock[0] and to_json(value) == self._property_lock[1]): return False elif self._send_state_lock > 0: self._states_to_send.add(key) return False else: return True # Event handlers @_show_traceback def _handle_msg(self, msg): """Called when a msg is received from the front-end""" data = msg['content']['data'] method = data['method'] # Handle backbone sync methods CREATE, PATCH, and UPDATE all in one. if method == 'backbone': if 'sync_data' in data: # get binary buffers too sync_data = data['sync_data'] for i,k in enumerate(data.get('buffer_keys', [])): sync_data[k] = msg['buffers'][i] self.set_state(sync_data) # handles all methods # Handle a state request. elif method == 'request_state': self.send_state() # Handle a custom msg from the front-end. elif method == 'custom': if 'content' in data: self._handle_custom_msg(data['content'], msg['buffers']) # Catch remainder. else: self.log.error('Unknown front-end to back-end widget msg with method "%s"' % method) def _handle_custom_msg(self, content, buffers): """Called when a custom msg is received.""" self._msg_callbacks(self, content, buffers) def _notify_trait(self, name, old_value, new_value): """Called when a property has been changed.""" # Trigger default traitlet callback machinery. This allows any user # registered validation to be processed prior to allowing the widget # machinery to handle the state. LoggingConfigurable._notify_trait(self, name, old_value, new_value) # Send the state after the user registered callbacks for trait changes # have all fired (allows for user to validate values). if self.comm is not None and name in self.keys: # Make sure this isn't information that the front-end just sent us. if self._should_send_property(name, new_value): # Send new state to front-end self.send_state(key=name) def _handle_displayed(self, **kwargs): """Called when a view has been displayed for this widget instance""" self._display_callbacks(self, **kwargs) def _trait_to_json(self, x): """Convert a trait value to json. Metadata (the second return value) is not sent """ return x, None def _trait_from_json(self, x): """Convert json values to objects.""" return x def _ipython_display_(self, **kwargs): """Called when `IPython.display.display` is called on the widget.""" # Show view. if self._view_name is not None: self._send({"method": "display"}) self._handle_displayed(**kwargs) def _send(self, msg, buffers=None): """Sends a message to the model in the front-end.""" self.comm.send(data=msg, buffers=buffers) class DOMWidget(Widget): visible = Bool(True, allow_none=True, help="Whether the widget is visible. False collapses the empty space, while None preserves the empty space.", sync=True) _css = Tuple(sync=True, help="CSS property list: (selector, key, value)") _dom_classes = Tuple(sync=True, help="DOM classes applied to widget.$el.") width = CUnicode(sync=True) height = CUnicode(sync=True) # A default padding of 2.5 px makes the widgets look nice when displayed inline. padding = CUnicode(sync=True) margin = CUnicode(sync=True) color = Color(None, allow_none=True, sync=True) background_color = Color(None, allow_none=True, sync=True) border_color = Color(None, allow_none=True, sync=True) border_width = CUnicode(sync=True) border_radius = CUnicode(sync=True) border_style = CaselessStrEnum(values=[ # http://www.w3schools.com/cssref/pr_border-style.asp 'none', 'hidden', 'dotted', 'dashed', 'solid', 'double', 'groove', 'ridge', 'inset', 'outset', 'initial', 'inherit', ''], default_value='', sync=True) font_style = CaselessStrEnum(values=[ # http://www.w3schools.com/cssref/pr_font_font-style.asp 'normal', 'italic', 'oblique', 'initial', 'inherit', ''], default_value='', sync=True) font_weight = CaselessStrEnum(values=[ # http://www.w3schools.com/cssref/pr_font_weight.asp 'normal', 'bold', 'bolder', 'lighter', 'initial', 'inherit', ''] + list(map(str, range(100,1000,100))), default_value='', sync=True) font_size = CUnicode(sync=True) font_family = Unicode(sync=True) def __init__(self, *pargs, **kwargs): super(DOMWidget, self).__init__(*pargs, **kwargs) def _validate_border(name, old, new): if new is not None and new != '': if name != 'border_width' and not self.border_width: self.border_width = 1 if name != 'border_style' and self.border_style == '': self.border_style = 'solid' self.on_trait_change(_validate_border, ['border_width', 'border_style', 'border_color'])