# -*- coding: utf-8 -*- """ Verbose and colourful traceback formatting. **ColorTB** I've always found it a bit hard to visually parse tracebacks in Python. The ColorTB class is a solution to that problem. It colors the different parts of a traceback in a manner similar to what you would expect from a syntax-highlighting text editor. Installation instructions for ColorTB:: import sys,ultratb sys.excepthook = ultratb.ColorTB() **VerboseTB** I've also included a port of Ka-Ping Yee's "cgitb.py" that produces all kinds of useful info when a traceback occurs. Ping originally had it spit out HTML and intended it for CGI programmers, but why should they have all the fun? I altered it to spit out colored text to the terminal. It's a bit overwhelming, but kind of neat, and maybe useful for long-running programs that you believe are bug-free. If a crash *does* occur in that type of program you want details. Give it a shot--you'll love it or you'll hate it. .. note:: The Verbose mode prints the variables currently visible where the exception happened (shortening their strings if too long). This can potentially be very slow, if you happen to have a huge data structure whose string representation is complex to compute. Your computer may appear to freeze for a while with cpu usage at 100%. If this occurs, you can cancel the traceback with Ctrl-C (maybe hitting it more than once). If you encounter this kind of situation often, you may want to use the Verbose_novars mode instead of the regular Verbose, which avoids formatting variables (but otherwise includes the information and context given by Verbose). .. note:: The verbose mode print all variables in the stack, which means it can potentially leak sensitive information like access keys, or unencryted password. Installation instructions for VerboseTB:: import sys,ultratb sys.excepthook = ultratb.VerboseTB() Note: Much of the code in this module was lifted verbatim from the standard library module 'traceback.py' and Ka-Ping Yee's 'cgitb.py'. Color schemes ------------- The colors are defined in the class TBTools through the use of the ColorSchemeTable class. Currently the following exist: - NoColor: allows all of this module to be used in any terminal (the color escapes are just dummy blank strings). - Linux: is meant to look good in a terminal like the Linux console (black or very dark background). - LightBG: similar to Linux but swaps dark/light colors to be more readable in light background terminals. - Neutral: a neutral color scheme that should be readable on both light and dark background You can implement other color schemes easily, the syntax is fairly self-explanatory. Please send back new schemes you develop to the author for possible inclusion in future releases. Inheritance diagram: .. inheritance-diagram:: IPython.core.ultratb :parts: 3 """ #***************************************************************************** # Copyright (C) 2001 Nathaniel Gray # Copyright (C) 2001-2004 Fernando Perez # # Distributed under the terms of the BSD License. The full license is in # the file COPYING, distributed as part of this software. #***************************************************************************** from __future__ import absolute_import from __future__ import unicode_literals from __future__ import print_function import dis import inspect import keyword import linecache import os import pydoc import re import sys import time import tokenize import traceback import types try: # Python 2 generate_tokens = tokenize.generate_tokens except AttributeError: # Python 3 generate_tokens = tokenize.tokenize # For purposes of monkeypatching inspect to fix a bug in it. from inspect import getsourcefile, getfile, getmodule, \ ismodule, isclass, ismethod, isfunction, istraceback, isframe, iscode # IPython's own modules from IPython import get_ipython from IPython.core import debugger from IPython.core.display_trap import DisplayTrap from IPython.core.excolors import exception_colors from IPython.utils import PyColorize from IPython.utils import openpy from IPython.utils import path as util_path from IPython.utils import py3compat from IPython.utils import ulinecache from IPython.utils.data import uniq_stable from IPython.utils.terminal import get_terminal_size from logging import info, error import IPython.utils.colorable as colorable # Globals # amount of space to put line numbers before verbose tracebacks INDENT_SIZE = 8 # Default color scheme. This is used, for example, by the traceback # formatter. When running in an actual IPython instance, the user's rc.colors # value is used, but having a module global makes this functionality available # to users of ultratb who are NOT running inside ipython. DEFAULT_SCHEME = 'NoColor' # --------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Code begins # Utility functions def inspect_error(): """Print a message about internal inspect errors. These are unfortunately quite common.""" error('Internal Python error in the inspect module.\n' 'Below is the traceback from this internal error.\n') # This function is a monkeypatch we apply to the Python inspect module. We have # now found when it's needed (see discussion on issue gh-1456), and we have a # test case (IPython.core.tests.test_ultratb.ChangedPyFileTest) that fails if # the monkeypatch is not applied. TK, Aug 2012. def findsource(object): """Return the entire source file and starting line number for an object. The argument may be a module, class, method, function, traceback, frame, or code object. The source code is returned as a list of all the lines in the file and the line number indexes a line in that list. An IOError is raised if the source code cannot be retrieved. FIXED version with which we monkeypatch the stdlib to work around a bug.""" file = getsourcefile(object) or getfile(object) # If the object is a frame, then trying to get the globals dict from its # module won't work. Instead, the frame object itself has the globals # dictionary. globals_dict = None if inspect.isframe(object): # XXX: can this ever be false? globals_dict = object.f_globals else: module = getmodule(object, file) if module: globals_dict = module.__dict__ lines = linecache.getlines(file, globals_dict) if not lines: raise IOError('could not get source code') if ismodule(object): return lines, 0 if isclass(object): name = object.__name__ pat = re.compile(r'^(\s*)class\s*' + name + r'\b') # make some effort to find the best matching class definition: # use the one with the least indentation, which is the one # that's most probably not inside a function definition. candidates = [] for i in range(len(lines)): match = pat.match(lines[i]) if match: # if it's at toplevel, it's already the best one if lines[i][0] == 'c': return lines, i # else add whitespace to candidate list candidates.append((match.group(1), i)) if candidates: # this will sort by whitespace, and by line number, # less whitespace first candidates.sort() return lines, candidates[0][1] else: raise IOError('could not find class definition') if ismethod(object): object = object.__func__ if isfunction(object): object = object.__code__ if istraceback(object): object = object.tb_frame if isframe(object): object = object.f_code if iscode(object): if not hasattr(object, 'co_firstlineno'): raise IOError('could not find function definition') pat = re.compile(r'^(\s*def\s)|(.*(? 0: if pmatch(lines[lnum]): break lnum -= 1 return lines, lnum raise IOError('could not find code object') # This is a patched version of inspect.getargs that applies the (unmerged) # patch for http://bugs.python.org/issue14611 by Stefano Taschini. This fixes # https://github.com/ipython/ipython/issues/8205 and # https://github.com/ipython/ipython/issues/8293 def getargs(co): """Get information about the arguments accepted by a code object. Three things are returned: (args, varargs, varkw), where 'args' is a list of argument names (possibly containing nested lists), and 'varargs' and 'varkw' are the names of the * and ** arguments or None.""" if not iscode(co): raise TypeError('{!r} is not a code object'.format(co)) nargs = co.co_argcount names = co.co_varnames args = list(names[:nargs]) step = 0 # The following acrobatics are for anonymous (tuple) arguments. for i in range(nargs): if args[i][:1] in ('', '.'): stack, remain, count = [], [], [] while step < len(co.co_code): op = ord(co.co_code[step]) step = step + 1 if op >= dis.HAVE_ARGUMENT: opname = dis.opname[op] value = ord(co.co_code[step]) + ord(co.co_code[step+1])*256 step = step + 2 if opname in ('UNPACK_TUPLE', 'UNPACK_SEQUENCE'): remain.append(value) count.append(value) elif opname in ('STORE_FAST', 'STORE_DEREF'): if op in dis.haslocal: stack.append(co.co_varnames[value]) elif op in dis.hasfree: stack.append((co.co_cellvars + co.co_freevars)[value]) # Special case for sublists of length 1: def foo((bar)) # doesn't generate the UNPACK_TUPLE bytecode, so if # `remain` is empty here, we have such a sublist. if not remain: stack[0] = [stack[0]] break else: remain[-1] = remain[-1] - 1 while remain[-1] == 0: remain.pop() size = count.pop() stack[-size:] = [stack[-size:]] if not remain: break remain[-1] = remain[-1] - 1 if not remain: break args[i] = stack[0] varargs = None if co.co_flags & inspect.CO_VARARGS: varargs = co.co_varnames[nargs] nargs = nargs + 1 varkw = None if co.co_flags & inspect.CO_VARKEYWORDS: varkw = co.co_varnames[nargs] return inspect.Arguments(args, varargs, varkw) # Monkeypatch inspect to apply our bugfix. def with_patch_inspect(f): """decorator for monkeypatching inspect.findsource""" def wrapped(*args, **kwargs): save_findsource = inspect.findsource save_getargs = inspect.getargs inspect.findsource = findsource inspect.getargs = getargs try: return f(*args, **kwargs) finally: inspect.findsource = save_findsource inspect.getargs = save_getargs return wrapped if py3compat.PY3: fixed_getargvalues = inspect.getargvalues else: # Fixes for https://github.com/ipython/ipython/issues/8293 # and https://github.com/ipython/ipython/issues/8205. # The relevant bug is caused by failure to correctly handle anonymous tuple # unpacking, which only exists in Python 2. fixed_getargvalues = with_patch_inspect(inspect.getargvalues) def fix_frame_records_filenames(records): """Try to fix the filenames in each record from inspect.getinnerframes(). Particularly, modules loaded from within zip files have useless filenames attached to their code object, and inspect.getinnerframes() just uses it. """ fixed_records = [] for frame, filename, line_no, func_name, lines, index in records: # Look inside the frame's globals dictionary for __file__, # which should be better. However, keep Cython filenames since # we prefer the source filenames over the compiled .so file. filename = py3compat.cast_unicode_py2(filename, "utf-8") if not filename.endswith(('.pyx', '.pxd', '.pxi')): better_fn = frame.f_globals.get('__file__', None) if isinstance(better_fn, str): # Check the type just in case someone did something weird with # __file__. It might also be None if the error occurred during # import. filename = better_fn fixed_records.append((frame, filename, line_no, func_name, lines, index)) return fixed_records @with_patch_inspect def _fixed_getinnerframes(etb, context=1, tb_offset=0): LNUM_POS, LINES_POS, INDEX_POS = 2, 4, 5 records = fix_frame_records_filenames(inspect.getinnerframes(etb, context)) # If the error is at the console, don't build any context, since it would # otherwise produce 5 blank lines printed out (there is no file at the # console) rec_check = records[tb_offset:] try: rname = rec_check[0][1] if rname == '' or rname.endswith(''): return rec_check except IndexError: pass aux = traceback.extract_tb(etb) assert len(records) == len(aux) for i, (file, lnum, _, _) in zip(range(len(records)), aux): maybeStart = lnum - 1 - context // 2 start = max(maybeStart, 0) end = start + context lines = ulinecache.getlines(file)[start:end] buf = list(records[i]) buf[LNUM_POS] = lnum buf[INDEX_POS] = lnum - 1 - start buf[LINES_POS] = lines records[i] = tuple(buf) return records[tb_offset:] # Helper function -- largely belongs to VerboseTB, but we need the same # functionality to produce a pseudo verbose TB for SyntaxErrors, so that they # can be recognized properly by ipython.el's py-traceback-line-re # (SyntaxErrors have to be treated specially because they have no traceback) def _format_traceback_lines(lnum, index, lines, Colors, lvals=None, scheme=None): numbers_width = INDENT_SIZE - 1 res = [] i = lnum - index _line_format = PyColorize.Parser(style=scheme).format2 for line in lines: line = py3compat.cast_unicode(line) new_line, err = _line_format(line, 'str') if not err: line = new_line if i == lnum: # This is the line with the error pad = numbers_width - len(str(i)) num = '%s%s' % (debugger.make_arrow(pad), str(lnum)) line = '%s%s%s %s%s' % (Colors.linenoEm, num, Colors.line, line, Colors.Normal) else: num = '%*s' % (numbers_width, i) line = '%s%s%s %s' % (Colors.lineno, num, Colors.Normal, line) res.append(line) if lvals and i == lnum: res.append(lvals + '\n') i = i + 1 return res def is_recursion_error(etype, value, records): try: # RecursionError is new in Python 3.5 recursion_error_type = RecursionError except NameError: recursion_error_type = RuntimeError # The default recursion limit is 1000, but some of that will be taken up # by stack frames in IPython itself. >500 frames probably indicates # a recursion error. return (etype is recursion_error_type) \ and "recursion" in str(value).lower() \ and len(records) > 500 def find_recursion(etype, value, records): """Identify the repeating stack frames from a RecursionError traceback 'records' is a list as returned by VerboseTB.get_records() Returns (last_unique, repeat_length) """ # This involves a bit of guesswork - we want to show enough of the traceback # to indicate where the recursion is occurring. We guess that the innermost # quarter of the traceback (250 frames by default) is repeats, and find the # first frame (from in to out) that looks different. if not is_recursion_error(etype, value, records): return len(records), 0 # Select filename, lineno, func_name to track frames with records = [r[1:4] for r in records] inner_frames = records[-(len(records)//4):] frames_repeated = set(inner_frames) last_seen_at = {} longest_repeat = 0 i = len(records) for frame in reversed(records): i -= 1 if frame not in frames_repeated: last_unique = i break if frame in last_seen_at: distance = last_seen_at[frame] - i longest_repeat = max(longest_repeat, distance) last_seen_at[frame] = i else: last_unique = 0 # The whole traceback was recursion return last_unique, longest_repeat #--------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Module classes class TBTools(colorable.Colorable): """Basic tools used by all traceback printer classes.""" # Number of frames to skip when reporting tracebacks tb_offset = 0 def __init__(self, color_scheme='NoColor', call_pdb=False, ostream=None, parent=None, config=None): # Whether to call the interactive pdb debugger after printing # tracebacks or not super(TBTools, self).__init__(parent=parent, config=config) self.call_pdb = call_pdb # Output stream to write to. Note that we store the original value in # a private attribute and then make the public ostream a property, so # that we can delay accessing sys.stdout until runtime. The way # things are written now, the sys.stdout object is dynamically managed # so a reference to it should NEVER be stored statically. This # property approach confines this detail to a single location, and all # subclasses can simply access self.ostream for writing. self._ostream = ostream # Create color table self.color_scheme_table = exception_colors() self.set_colors(color_scheme) self.old_scheme = color_scheme # save initial value for toggles if call_pdb: self.pdb = debugger.Pdb() else: self.pdb = None def _get_ostream(self): """Output stream that exceptions are written to. Valid values are: - None: the default, which means that IPython will dynamically resolve to sys.stdout. This ensures compatibility with most tools, including Windows (where plain stdout doesn't recognize ANSI escapes). - Any object with 'write' and 'flush' attributes. """ return sys.stdout if self._ostream is None else self._ostream def _set_ostream(self, val): assert val is None or (hasattr(val, 'write') and hasattr(val, 'flush')) self._ostream = val ostream = property(_get_ostream, _set_ostream) def set_colors(self, *args, **kw): """Shorthand access to the color table scheme selector method.""" # Set own color table self.color_scheme_table.set_active_scheme(*args, **kw) # for convenience, set Colors to the active scheme self.Colors = self.color_scheme_table.active_colors # Also set colors of debugger if hasattr(self, 'pdb') and self.pdb is not None: self.pdb.set_colors(*args, **kw) def color_toggle(self): """Toggle between the currently active color scheme and NoColor.""" if self.color_scheme_table.active_scheme_name == 'NoColor': self.color_scheme_table.set_active_scheme(self.old_scheme) self.Colors = self.color_scheme_table.active_colors else: self.old_scheme = self.color_scheme_table.active_scheme_name self.color_scheme_table.set_active_scheme('NoColor') self.Colors = self.color_scheme_table.active_colors def stb2text(self, stb): """Convert a structured traceback (a list) to a string.""" return '\n'.join(stb) def text(self, etype, value, tb, tb_offset=None, context=5): """Return formatted traceback. Subclasses may override this if they add extra arguments. """ tb_list = self.structured_traceback(etype, value, tb, tb_offset, context) return self.stb2text(tb_list) def structured_traceback(self, etype, evalue, tb, tb_offset=None, context=5, mode=None): """Return a list of traceback frames. Must be implemented by each class. """ raise NotImplementedError() #--------------------------------------------------------------------------- class ListTB(TBTools): """Print traceback information from a traceback list, with optional color. Calling requires 3 arguments: (etype, evalue, elist) as would be obtained by:: etype, evalue, tb = sys.exc_info() if tb: elist = traceback.extract_tb(tb) else: elist = None It can thus be used by programs which need to process the traceback before printing (such as console replacements based on the code module from the standard library). Because they are meant to be called without a full traceback (only a list), instances of this class can't call the interactive pdb debugger.""" def __init__(self, color_scheme='NoColor', call_pdb=False, ostream=None, parent=None): TBTools.__init__(self, color_scheme=color_scheme, call_pdb=call_pdb, ostream=ostream, parent=parent) def __call__(self, etype, value, elist): self.ostream.flush() self.ostream.write(self.text(etype, value, elist)) self.ostream.write('\n') def structured_traceback(self, etype, value, elist, tb_offset=None, context=5): """Return a color formatted string with the traceback info. Parameters ---------- etype : exception type Type of the exception raised. value : object Data stored in the exception elist : list List of frames, see class docstring for details. tb_offset : int, optional Number of frames in the traceback to skip. If not given, the instance value is used (set in constructor). context : int, optional Number of lines of context information to print. Returns ------- String with formatted exception. """ tb_offset = self.tb_offset if tb_offset is None else tb_offset Colors = self.Colors out_list = [] if elist: if tb_offset and len(elist) > tb_offset: elist = elist[tb_offset:] out_list.append('Traceback %s(most recent call last)%s:' % (Colors.normalEm, Colors.Normal) + '\n') out_list.extend(self._format_list(elist)) # The exception info should be a single entry in the list. lines = ''.join(self._format_exception_only(etype, value)) out_list.append(lines) # Note: this code originally read: ## for line in lines[:-1]: ## out_list.append(" "+line) ## out_list.append(lines[-1]) # This means it was indenting everything but the last line by a little # bit. I've disabled this for now, but if we see ugliness somewhere we # can restore it. return out_list def _format_list(self, extracted_list): """Format a list of traceback entry tuples for printing. Given a list of tuples as returned by extract_tb() or extract_stack(), return a list of strings ready for printing. Each string in the resulting list corresponds to the item with the same index in the argument list. Each string ends in a newline; the strings may contain internal newlines as well, for those items whose source text line is not None. Lifted almost verbatim from traceback.py """ Colors = self.Colors list = [] for filename, lineno, name, line in extracted_list[:-1]: item = ' File %s"%s"%s, line %s%d%s, in %s%s%s\n' % \ (Colors.filename, py3compat.cast_unicode_py2(filename, "utf-8"), Colors.Normal, Colors.lineno, lineno, Colors.Normal, Colors.name, py3compat.cast_unicode_py2(name, "utf-8"), Colors.Normal) if line: item += ' %s\n' % line.strip() list.append(item) # Emphasize the last entry filename, lineno, name, line = extracted_list[-1] item = '%s File %s"%s"%s, line %s%d%s, in %s%s%s%s\n' % \ (Colors.normalEm, Colors.filenameEm, py3compat.cast_unicode_py2(filename, "utf-8"), Colors.normalEm, Colors.linenoEm, lineno, Colors.normalEm, Colors.nameEm, py3compat.cast_unicode_py2(name, "utf-8"), Colors.normalEm, Colors.Normal) if line: item += '%s %s%s\n' % (Colors.line, line.strip(), Colors.Normal) list.append(item) return list def _format_exception_only(self, etype, value): """Format the exception part of a traceback. The arguments are the exception type and value such as given by sys.exc_info()[:2]. The return value is a list of strings, each ending in a newline. Normally, the list contains a single string; however, for SyntaxError exceptions, it contains several lines that (when printed) display detailed information about where the syntax error occurred. The message indicating which exception occurred is the always last string in the list. Also lifted nearly verbatim from traceback.py """ have_filedata = False Colors = self.Colors list = [] stype = py3compat.cast_unicode(Colors.excName + etype.__name__ + Colors.Normal) if value is None: # Not sure if this can still happen in Python 2.6 and above list.append(stype + '\n') else: if issubclass(etype, SyntaxError): have_filedata = True if not value.filename: value.filename = "" if value.lineno: lineno = value.lineno textline = ulinecache.getline(value.filename, value.lineno) else: lineno = 'unknown' textline = '' list.append('%s File %s"%s"%s, line %s%s%s\n' % \ (Colors.normalEm, Colors.filenameEm, py3compat.cast_unicode(value.filename), Colors.normalEm, Colors.linenoEm, lineno, Colors.Normal )) if textline == '': textline = py3compat.cast_unicode(value.text, "utf-8") if textline is not None: i = 0 while i < len(textline) and textline[i].isspace(): i += 1 list.append('%s %s%s\n' % (Colors.line, textline.strip(), Colors.Normal)) if value.offset is not None: s = ' ' for c in textline[i:value.offset - 1]: if c.isspace(): s += c else: s += ' ' list.append('%s%s^%s\n' % (Colors.caret, s, Colors.Normal)) try: s = value.msg except Exception: s = self._some_str(value) if s: list.append('%s%s:%s %s\n' % (stype, Colors.excName, Colors.Normal, s)) else: list.append('%s\n' % stype) # sync with user hooks if have_filedata: ipinst = get_ipython() if ipinst is not None: ipinst.hooks.synchronize_with_editor(value.filename, value.lineno, 0) return list def get_exception_only(self, etype, value): """Only print the exception type and message, without a traceback. Parameters ---------- etype : exception type value : exception value """ return ListTB.structured_traceback(self, etype, value, []) def show_exception_only(self, etype, evalue): """Only print the exception type and message, without a traceback. Parameters ---------- etype : exception type value : exception value """ # This method needs to use __call__ from *this* class, not the one from # a subclass whose signature or behavior may be different ostream = self.ostream ostream.flush() ostream.write('\n'.join(self.get_exception_only(etype, evalue))) ostream.flush() def _some_str(self, value): # Lifted from traceback.py try: return py3compat.cast_unicode(str(value)) except: return u'' % type(value).__name__ #---------------------------------------------------------------------------- class VerboseTB(TBTools): """A port of Ka-Ping Yee's cgitb.py module that outputs color text instead of HTML. Requires inspect and pydoc. Crazy, man. Modified version which optionally strips the topmost entries from the traceback, to be used with alternate interpreters (because their own code would appear in the traceback).""" def __init__(self, color_scheme='Linux', call_pdb=False, ostream=None, tb_offset=0, long_header=False, include_vars=True, check_cache=None, debugger_cls = None): """Specify traceback offset, headers and color scheme. Define how many frames to drop from the tracebacks. Calling it with tb_offset=1 allows use of this handler in interpreters which will have their own code at the top of the traceback (VerboseTB will first remove that frame before printing the traceback info).""" TBTools.__init__(self, color_scheme=color_scheme, call_pdb=call_pdb, ostream=ostream) self.tb_offset = tb_offset self.long_header = long_header self.include_vars = include_vars # By default we use linecache.checkcache, but the user can provide a # different check_cache implementation. This is used by the IPython # kernel to provide tracebacks for interactive code that is cached, # by a compiler instance that flushes the linecache but preserves its # own code cache. if check_cache is None: check_cache = linecache.checkcache self.check_cache = check_cache self.debugger_cls = debugger_cls or debugger.Pdb def format_records(self, records, last_unique, recursion_repeat): """Format the stack frames of the traceback""" frames = [] for r in records[:last_unique+recursion_repeat+1]: #print '*** record:',file,lnum,func,lines,index # dbg frames.append(self.format_record(*r)) if recursion_repeat: frames.append('... last %d frames repeated, from the frame below ...\n' % recursion_repeat) frames.append(self.format_record(*records[last_unique+recursion_repeat+1])) return frames def format_record(self, frame, file, lnum, func, lines, index): """Format a single stack frame""" Colors = self.Colors # just a shorthand + quicker name lookup ColorsNormal = Colors.Normal # used a lot col_scheme = self.color_scheme_table.active_scheme_name indent = ' ' * INDENT_SIZE em_normal = '%s\n%s%s' % (Colors.valEm, indent, ColorsNormal) undefined = '%sundefined%s' % (Colors.em, ColorsNormal) tpl_link = '%s%%s%s' % (Colors.filenameEm, ColorsNormal) tpl_call = 'in %s%%s%s%%s%s' % (Colors.vName, Colors.valEm, ColorsNormal) tpl_call_fail = 'in %s%%s%s(***failed resolving arguments***)%s' % \ (Colors.vName, Colors.valEm, ColorsNormal) tpl_local_var = '%s%%s%s' % (Colors.vName, ColorsNormal) tpl_global_var = '%sglobal%s %s%%s%s' % (Colors.em, ColorsNormal, Colors.vName, ColorsNormal) tpl_name_val = '%%s %s= %%s%s' % (Colors.valEm, ColorsNormal) tpl_line = '%s%%s%s %%s' % (Colors.lineno, ColorsNormal) tpl_line_em = '%s%%s%s %%s%s' % (Colors.linenoEm, Colors.line, ColorsNormal) abspath = os.path.abspath if not file: file = '?' elif file.startswith(str("<")) and file.endswith(str(">")): # Not a real filename, no problem... pass elif not os.path.isabs(file): # Try to make the filename absolute by trying all # sys.path entries (which is also what linecache does) for dirname in sys.path: try: fullname = os.path.join(dirname, file) if os.path.isfile(fullname): file = os.path.abspath(fullname) break except Exception: # Just in case that sys.path contains very # strange entries... pass file = py3compat.cast_unicode(file, util_path.fs_encoding) link = tpl_link % file args, varargs, varkw, locals = fixed_getargvalues(frame) if func == '?': call = '' else: # Decide whether to include variable details or not var_repr = self.include_vars and eqrepr or nullrepr try: call = tpl_call % (func, inspect.formatargvalues(args, varargs, varkw, locals, formatvalue=var_repr)) except KeyError: # This happens in situations like errors inside generator # expressions, where local variables are listed in the # line, but can't be extracted from the frame. I'm not # 100% sure this isn't actually a bug in inspect itself, # but since there's no info for us to compute with, the # best we can do is report the failure and move on. Here # we must *not* call any traceback construction again, # because that would mess up use of %debug later on. So we # simply report the failure and move on. The only # limitation will be that this frame won't have locals # listed in the call signature. Quite subtle problem... # I can't think of a good way to validate this in a unit # test, but running a script consisting of: # dict( (k,v.strip()) for (k,v) in range(10) ) # will illustrate the error, if this exception catch is # disabled. call = tpl_call_fail % func # Don't attempt to tokenize binary files. if file.endswith(('.so', '.pyd', '.dll')): return '%s %s\n' % (link, call) elif file.endswith(('.pyc', '.pyo')): # Look up the corresponding source file. try: file = openpy.source_from_cache(file) except ValueError: # Failed to get the source file for some reason # E.g. https://github.com/ipython/ipython/issues/9486 return '%s %s\n' % (link, call) def linereader(file=file, lnum=[lnum], getline=ulinecache.getline): line = getline(file, lnum[0]) lnum[0] += 1 return line # Build the list of names on this line of code where the exception # occurred. try: names = [] name_cont = False for token_type, token, start, end, line in generate_tokens(linereader): # build composite names if token_type == tokenize.NAME and token not in keyword.kwlist: if name_cont: # Continuation of a dotted name try: names[-1].append(token) except IndexError: names.append([token]) name_cont = False else: # Regular new names. We append everything, the caller # will be responsible for pruning the list later. It's # very tricky to try to prune as we go, b/c composite # names can fool us. The pruning at the end is easy # to do (or the caller can print a list with repeated # names if so desired. names.append([token]) elif token == '.': name_cont = True elif token_type == tokenize.NEWLINE: break except (IndexError, UnicodeDecodeError, SyntaxError): # signals exit of tokenizer # SyntaxError can occur if the file is not actually Python # - see gh-6300 pass except tokenize.TokenError as msg: _m = ("An unexpected error occurred while tokenizing input\n" "The following traceback may be corrupted or invalid\n" "The error message is: %s\n" % msg) error(_m) # Join composite names (e.g. "dict.fromkeys") names = ['.'.join(n) for n in names] # prune names list of duplicates, but keep the right order unique_names = uniq_stable(names) # Start loop over vars lvals = [] if self.include_vars: for name_full in unique_names: name_base = name_full.split('.', 1)[0] if name_base in frame.f_code.co_varnames: if name_base in locals: try: value = repr(eval(name_full, locals)) except: value = undefined else: value = undefined name = tpl_local_var % name_full else: if name_base in frame.f_globals: try: value = repr(eval(name_full, frame.f_globals)) except: value = undefined else: value = undefined name = tpl_global_var % name_full lvals.append(tpl_name_val % (name, value)) if lvals: lvals = '%s%s' % (indent, em_normal.join(lvals)) else: lvals = '' level = '%s %s\n' % (link, call) if index is None: return level else: return '%s%s' % (level, ''.join( _format_traceback_lines(lnum, index, lines, Colors, lvals, col_scheme))) def prepare_chained_exception_message(self, cause): direct_cause = "\nThe above exception was the direct cause of the following exception:\n" exception_during_handling = "\nDuring handling of the above exception, another exception occurred:\n" if cause: message = [[direct_cause]] else: message = [[exception_during_handling]] return message def prepare_header(self, etype, long_version=False): colors = self.Colors # just a shorthand + quicker name lookup colorsnormal = colors.Normal # used a lot exc = '%s%s%s' % (colors.excName, etype, colorsnormal) width = min(75, get_terminal_size()[0]) if long_version: # Header with the exception type, python version, and date pyver = 'Python ' + sys.version.split()[0] + ': ' + sys.executable date = time.ctime(time.time()) head = '%s%s%s\n%s%s%s\n%s' % (colors.topline, '-' * width, colorsnormal, exc, ' ' * (width - len(str(etype)) - len(pyver)), pyver, date.rjust(width) ) head += "\nA problem occurred executing Python code. Here is the sequence of function" \ "\ncalls leading up to the error, with the most recent (innermost) call last." else: # Simplified header head = '%s%s' % (exc, 'Traceback (most recent call last)'. \ rjust(width - len(str(etype))) ) return head def format_exception(self, etype, evalue): colors = self.Colors # just a shorthand + quicker name lookup colorsnormal = colors.Normal # used a lot indent = ' ' * INDENT_SIZE # Get (safely) a string form of the exception info try: etype_str, evalue_str = map(str, (etype, evalue)) except: # User exception is improperly defined. etype, evalue = str, sys.exc_info()[:2] etype_str, evalue_str = map(str, (etype, evalue)) # ... and format it exception = ['%s%s%s: %s' % (colors.excName, etype_str, colorsnormal, py3compat.cast_unicode(evalue_str))] if (not py3compat.PY3) and type(evalue) is types.InstanceType: try: names = [w for w in dir(evalue) if isinstance(w, py3compat.string_types)] except: # Every now and then, an object with funny internals blows up # when dir() is called on it. We do the best we can to report # the problem and continue _m = '%sException reporting error (object with broken dir())%s:' exception.append(_m % (colors.excName, colorsnormal)) etype_str, evalue_str = map(str, sys.exc_info()[:2]) exception.append('%s%s%s: %s' % (colors.excName, etype_str, colorsnormal, py3compat.cast_unicode(evalue_str))) names = [] for name in names: value = text_repr(getattr(evalue, name)) exception.append('\n%s%s = %s' % (indent, name, value)) return exception def format_exception_as_a_whole(self, etype, evalue, etb, number_of_lines_of_context, tb_offset): """Formats the header, traceback and exception message for a single exception. This may be called multiple times by Python 3 exception chaining (PEP 3134). """ # some locals orig_etype = etype try: etype = etype.__name__ except AttributeError: pass tb_offset = self.tb_offset if tb_offset is None else tb_offset head = self.prepare_header(etype, self.long_header) records = self.get_records(etb, number_of_lines_of_context, tb_offset) if records is None: return "" last_unique, recursion_repeat = find_recursion(orig_etype, evalue, records) frames = self.format_records(records, last_unique, recursion_repeat) formatted_exception = self.format_exception(etype, evalue) if records: filepath, lnum = records[-1][1:3] filepath = os.path.abspath(filepath) ipinst = get_ipython() if ipinst is not None: ipinst.hooks.synchronize_with_editor(filepath, lnum, 0) return [[head] + frames + [''.join(formatted_exception[0])]] def get_records(self, etb, number_of_lines_of_context, tb_offset): try: # Try the default getinnerframes and Alex's: Alex's fixes some # problems, but it generates empty tracebacks for console errors # (5 blanks lines) where none should be returned. return _fixed_getinnerframes(etb, number_of_lines_of_context, tb_offset) except UnicodeDecodeError: # This can occur if a file's encoding magic comment is wrong. # I can't see a way to recover without duplicating a bunch of code # from the stdlib traceback module. --TK error('\nUnicodeDecodeError while processing traceback.\n') return None except: # FIXME: I've been getting many crash reports from python 2.3 # users, traceable to inspect.py. If I can find a small test-case # to reproduce this, I should either write a better workaround or # file a bug report against inspect (if that's the real problem). # So far, I haven't been able to find an isolated example to # reproduce the problem. inspect_error() traceback.print_exc(file=self.ostream) info('\nUnfortunately, your original traceback can not be constructed.\n') return None def get_parts_of_chained_exception(self, evalue): def get_chained_exception(exception_value): cause = getattr(exception_value, '__cause__', None) if cause: return cause if getattr(exception_value, '__suppress_context__', False): return None return getattr(exception_value, '__context__', None) chained_evalue = get_chained_exception(evalue) if chained_evalue: return chained_evalue.__class__, chained_evalue, chained_evalue.__traceback__ def structured_traceback(self, etype, evalue, etb, tb_offset=None, number_of_lines_of_context=5): """Return a nice text document describing the traceback.""" formatted_exception = self.format_exception_as_a_whole(etype, evalue, etb, number_of_lines_of_context, tb_offset) colors = self.Colors # just a shorthand + quicker name lookup colorsnormal = colors.Normal # used a lot head = '%s%s%s' % (colors.topline, '-' * min(75, get_terminal_size()[0]), colorsnormal) structured_traceback_parts = [head] if py3compat.PY3: chained_exceptions_tb_offset = 0 lines_of_context = 3 formatted_exceptions = formatted_exception exception = self.get_parts_of_chained_exception(evalue) if exception: formatted_exceptions += self.prepare_chained_exception_message(evalue.__cause__) etype, evalue, etb = exception else: evalue = None chained_exc_ids = set() while evalue: formatted_exceptions += self.format_exception_as_a_whole(etype, evalue, etb, lines_of_context, chained_exceptions_tb_offset) exception = self.get_parts_of_chained_exception(evalue) if exception and not id(exception[1]) in chained_exc_ids: chained_exc_ids.add(id(exception[1])) # trace exception to avoid infinite 'cause' loop formatted_exceptions += self.prepare_chained_exception_message(evalue.__cause__) etype, evalue, etb = exception else: evalue = None # we want to see exceptions in a reversed order: # the first exception should be on top for formatted_exception in reversed(formatted_exceptions): structured_traceback_parts += formatted_exception else: structured_traceback_parts += formatted_exception[0] return structured_traceback_parts def debugger(self, force=False): """Call up the pdb debugger if desired, always clean up the tb reference. Keywords: - force(False): by default, this routine checks the instance call_pdb flag and does not actually invoke the debugger if the flag is false. The 'force' option forces the debugger to activate even if the flag is false. If the call_pdb flag is set, the pdb interactive debugger is invoked. In all cases, the self.tb reference to the current traceback is deleted to prevent lingering references which hamper memory management. Note that each call to pdb() does an 'import readline', so if your app requires a special setup for the readline completers, you'll have to fix that by hand after invoking the exception handler.""" if force or self.call_pdb: if self.pdb is None: self.pdb = self.debugger_cls() # the system displayhook may have changed, restore the original # for pdb display_trap = DisplayTrap(hook=sys.__displayhook__) with display_trap: self.pdb.reset() # Find the right frame so we don't pop up inside ipython itself if hasattr(self, 'tb') and self.tb is not None: etb = self.tb else: etb = self.tb = sys.last_traceback while self.tb is not None and self.tb.tb_next is not None: self.tb = self.tb.tb_next if etb and etb.tb_next: etb = etb.tb_next self.pdb.botframe = etb.tb_frame self.pdb.interaction(self.tb.tb_frame, self.tb) if hasattr(self, 'tb'): del self.tb def handler(self, info=None): (etype, evalue, etb) = info or sys.exc_info() self.tb = etb ostream = self.ostream ostream.flush() ostream.write(self.text(etype, evalue, etb)) ostream.write('\n') ostream.flush() # Changed so an instance can just be called as VerboseTB_inst() and print # out the right info on its own. def __call__(self, etype=None, evalue=None, etb=None): """This hook can replace sys.excepthook (for Python 2.1 or higher).""" if etb is None: self.handler() else: self.handler((etype, evalue, etb)) try: self.debugger() except KeyboardInterrupt: print("\nKeyboardInterrupt") #---------------------------------------------------------------------------- class FormattedTB(VerboseTB, ListTB): """Subclass ListTB but allow calling with a traceback. It can thus be used as a sys.excepthook for Python > 2.1. Also adds 'Context' and 'Verbose' modes, not available in ListTB. Allows a tb_offset to be specified. This is useful for situations where one needs to remove a number of topmost frames from the traceback (such as occurs with python programs that themselves execute other python code, like Python shells). """ def __init__(self, mode='Plain', color_scheme='Linux', call_pdb=False, ostream=None, tb_offset=0, long_header=False, include_vars=False, check_cache=None, debugger_cls=None): # NEVER change the order of this list. Put new modes at the end: self.valid_modes = ['Plain', 'Context', 'Verbose'] self.verbose_modes = self.valid_modes[1:3] VerboseTB.__init__(self, color_scheme=color_scheme, call_pdb=call_pdb, ostream=ostream, tb_offset=tb_offset, long_header=long_header, include_vars=include_vars, check_cache=check_cache, debugger_cls=debugger_cls) # Different types of tracebacks are joined with different separators to # form a single string. They are taken from this dict self._join_chars = dict(Plain='', Context='\n', Verbose='\n') # set_mode also sets the tb_join_char attribute self.set_mode(mode) def _extract_tb(self, tb): if tb: return traceback.extract_tb(tb) else: return None def structured_traceback(self, etype, value, tb, tb_offset=None, number_of_lines_of_context=5): tb_offset = self.tb_offset if tb_offset is None else tb_offset mode = self.mode if mode in self.verbose_modes: # Verbose modes need a full traceback return VerboseTB.structured_traceback( self, etype, value, tb, tb_offset, number_of_lines_of_context ) else: # We must check the source cache because otherwise we can print # out-of-date source code. self.check_cache() # Now we can extract and format the exception elist = self._extract_tb(tb) return ListTB.structured_traceback( self, etype, value, elist, tb_offset, number_of_lines_of_context ) def stb2text(self, stb): """Convert a structured traceback (a list) to a string.""" return self.tb_join_char.join(stb) def set_mode(self, mode=None): """Switch to the desired mode. If mode is not specified, cycles through the available modes.""" if not mode: new_idx = (self.valid_modes.index(self.mode) + 1 ) % \ len(self.valid_modes) self.mode = self.valid_modes[new_idx] elif mode not in self.valid_modes: raise ValueError('Unrecognized mode in FormattedTB: <' + mode + '>\n' 'Valid modes: ' + str(self.valid_modes)) else: self.mode = mode # include variable details only in 'Verbose' mode self.include_vars = (self.mode == self.valid_modes[2]) # Set the join character for generating text tracebacks self.tb_join_char = self._join_chars[self.mode] # some convenient shortcuts def plain(self): self.set_mode(self.valid_modes[0]) def context(self): self.set_mode(self.valid_modes[1]) def verbose(self): self.set_mode(self.valid_modes[2]) #---------------------------------------------------------------------------- class AutoFormattedTB(FormattedTB): """A traceback printer which can be called on the fly. It will find out about exceptions by itself. A brief example:: AutoTB = AutoFormattedTB(mode = 'Verbose',color_scheme='Linux') try: ... except: AutoTB() # or AutoTB(out=logfile) where logfile is an open file object """ def __call__(self, etype=None, evalue=None, etb=None, out=None, tb_offset=None): """Print out a formatted exception traceback. Optional arguments: - out: an open file-like object to direct output to. - tb_offset: the number of frames to skip over in the stack, on a per-call basis (this overrides temporarily the instance's tb_offset given at initialization time. """ if out is None: out = self.ostream out.flush() out.write(self.text(etype, evalue, etb, tb_offset)) out.write('\n') out.flush() # FIXME: we should remove the auto pdb behavior from here and leave # that to the clients. try: self.debugger() except KeyboardInterrupt: print("\nKeyboardInterrupt") def structured_traceback(self, etype=None, value=None, tb=None, tb_offset=None, number_of_lines_of_context=5): if etype is None: etype, value, tb = sys.exc_info() self.tb = tb return FormattedTB.structured_traceback( self, etype, value, tb, tb_offset, number_of_lines_of_context) #--------------------------------------------------------------------------- # A simple class to preserve Nathan's original functionality. class ColorTB(FormattedTB): """Shorthand to initialize a FormattedTB in Linux colors mode.""" def __init__(self, color_scheme='Linux', call_pdb=0, **kwargs): FormattedTB.__init__(self, color_scheme=color_scheme, call_pdb=call_pdb, **kwargs) class SyntaxTB(ListTB): """Extension which holds some state: the last exception value""" def __init__(self, color_scheme='NoColor'): ListTB.__init__(self, color_scheme) self.last_syntax_error = None def __call__(self, etype, value, elist): self.last_syntax_error = value ListTB.__call__(self, etype, value, elist) def structured_traceback(self, etype, value, elist, tb_offset=None, context=5): # If the source file has been edited, the line in the syntax error can # be wrong (retrieved from an outdated cache). This replaces it with # the current value. if isinstance(value, SyntaxError) \ and isinstance(value.filename, py3compat.string_types) \ and isinstance(value.lineno, int): linecache.checkcache(value.filename) newtext = ulinecache.getline(value.filename, value.lineno) if newtext: value.text = newtext self.last_syntax_error = value return super(SyntaxTB, self).structured_traceback(etype, value, elist, tb_offset=tb_offset, context=context) def clear_err_state(self): """Return the current error state and clear it""" e = self.last_syntax_error self.last_syntax_error = None return e def stb2text(self, stb): """Convert a structured traceback (a list) to a string.""" return ''.join(stb) # some internal-use functions def text_repr(value): """Hopefully pretty robust repr equivalent.""" # this is pretty horrible but should always return *something* try: return pydoc.text.repr(value) except KeyboardInterrupt: raise except: try: return repr(value) except KeyboardInterrupt: raise except: try: # all still in an except block so we catch # getattr raising name = getattr(value, '__name__', None) if name: # ick, recursion return text_repr(name) klass = getattr(value, '__class__', None) if klass: return '%s instance' % text_repr(klass) except KeyboardInterrupt: raise except: return 'UNRECOVERABLE REPR FAILURE' def eqrepr(value, repr=text_repr): return '=%s' % repr(value) def nullrepr(value, repr=text_repr): return ''