"""A ZMQ-based subclass of InteractiveShell. This code is meant to ease the refactoring of the base InteractiveShell into something with a cleaner architecture for 2-process use, without actually breaking InteractiveShell itself. So we're doing something a bit ugly, where we subclass and override what we want to fix. Once this is working well, we can go back to the base class and refactor the code for a cleaner inheritance implementation that doesn't rely on so much monkeypatching. But this lets us maintain a fully working IPython as we develop the new machinery. This should thus be thought of as scaffolding. """ #----------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Imports #----------------------------------------------------------------------------- from __future__ import print_function # Stdlib import os import sys import time # System library imports from zmq.eventloop import ioloop # Our own from IPython.core.interactiveshell import ( InteractiveShell, InteractiveShellABC ) from IPython.core import page from IPython.core.autocall import ZMQExitAutocall from IPython.core.displaypub import DisplayPublisher from IPython.core.error import UsageError from IPython.core.magics import MacroToEdit, CodeMagics from IPython.core.magic import magics_class, line_magic, Magics from IPython.core.payloadpage import install_payload_page from IPython.display import display, Javascript from IPython.kernel.inprocess.socket import SocketABC from IPython.kernel import ( get_connection_file, get_connection_info, connect_qtconsole ) from IPython.testing.skipdoctest import skip_doctest from IPython.utils import openpy from IPython.utils.jsonutil import json_clean, encode_images from IPython.utils.process import arg_split from IPython.utils import py3compat from IPython.utils.traitlets import Instance, Type, Dict, CBool, CBytes from IPython.utils.warn import error from IPython.kernel.zmq.displayhook import ZMQShellDisplayHook from IPython.kernel.zmq.datapub import ZMQDataPublisher from IPython.kernel.zmq.session import extract_header from session import Session #----------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Functions and classes #----------------------------------------------------------------------------- class ZMQDisplayPublisher(DisplayPublisher): """A display publisher that publishes data using a ZeroMQ PUB socket.""" session = Instance(Session) pub_socket = Instance(SocketABC) parent_header = Dict({}) topic = CBytes(b'display_data') def set_parent(self, parent): """Set the parent for outbound messages.""" self.parent_header = extract_header(parent) def _flush_streams(self): """flush IO Streams prior to display""" sys.stdout.flush() sys.stderr.flush() def publish(self, source, data, metadata=None): self._flush_streams() if metadata is None: metadata = {} self._validate_data(source, data, metadata) content = {} content['source'] = source content['data'] = encode_images(data) content['metadata'] = metadata self.session.send( self.pub_socket, u'display_data', json_clean(content), parent=self.parent_header, ident=self.topic, ) def clear_output(self, wait=False): content = dict(wait=wait) print('\r', file=sys.stdout, end='') print('\r', file=sys.stderr, end='') self._flush_streams() self.session.send( self.pub_socket, u'clear_output', content, parent=self.parent_header, ident=self.topic, ) @magics_class class KernelMagics(Magics): #------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Magic overrides #------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Once the base class stops inheriting from magic, this code needs to be # moved into a separate machinery as well. For now, at least isolate here # the magics which this class needs to implement differently from the base # class, or that are unique to it. @line_magic def doctest_mode(self, parameter_s=''): """Toggle doctest mode on and off. This mode is intended to make IPython behave as much as possible like a plain Python shell, from the perspective of how its prompts, exceptions and output look. This makes it easy to copy and paste parts of a session into doctests. It does so by: - Changing the prompts to the classic ``>>>`` ones. - Changing the exception reporting mode to 'Plain'. - Disabling pretty-printing of output. Note that IPython also supports the pasting of code snippets that have leading '>>>' and '...' prompts in them. This means that you can paste doctests from files or docstrings (even if they have leading whitespace), and the code will execute correctly. You can then use '%history -t' to see the translated history; this will give you the input after removal of all the leading prompts and whitespace, which can be pasted back into an editor. With these features, you can switch into this mode easily whenever you need to do testing and changes to doctests, without having to leave your existing IPython session. """ from IPython.utils.ipstruct import Struct # Shorthands shell = self.shell disp_formatter = self.shell.display_formatter ptformatter = disp_formatter.formatters['text/plain'] # dstore is a data store kept in the instance metadata bag to track any # changes we make, so we can undo them later. dstore = shell.meta.setdefault('doctest_mode', Struct()) save_dstore = dstore.setdefault # save a few values we'll need to recover later mode = save_dstore('mode', False) save_dstore('rc_pprint', ptformatter.pprint) save_dstore('rc_active_types',disp_formatter.active_types) save_dstore('xmode', shell.InteractiveTB.mode) if mode == False: # turn on ptformatter.pprint = False disp_formatter.active_types = ['text/plain'] shell.magic('xmode Plain') else: # turn off ptformatter.pprint = dstore.rc_pprint disp_formatter.active_types = dstore.rc_active_types shell.magic("xmode " + dstore.xmode) # Store new mode and inform on console dstore.mode = bool(1-int(mode)) mode_label = ['OFF','ON'][dstore.mode] print('Doctest mode is:', mode_label) # Send the payload back so that clients can modify their prompt display payload = dict( source='doctest_mode', mode=dstore.mode) shell.payload_manager.write_payload(payload) _find_edit_target = CodeMagics._find_edit_target @skip_doctest @line_magic def edit(self, parameter_s='', last_call=['','']): """Bring up an editor and execute the resulting code. Usage: %edit [options] [args] %edit runs an external text editor. You will need to set the command for this editor via the ``TerminalInteractiveShell.editor`` option in your configuration file before it will work. This command allows you to conveniently edit multi-line code right in your IPython session. If called without arguments, %edit opens up an empty editor with a temporary file and will execute the contents of this file when you close it (don't forget to save it!). Options: -n : open the editor at a specified line number. By default, the IPython editor hook uses the unix syntax 'editor +N filename', but you can configure this by providing your own modified hook if your favorite editor supports line-number specifications with a different syntax. -p: this will call the editor with the same data as the previous time it was used, regardless of how long ago (in your current session) it was. -r: use 'raw' input. This option only applies to input taken from the user's history. By default, the 'processed' history is used, so that magics are loaded in their transformed version to valid Python. If this option is given, the raw input as typed as the command line is used instead. When you exit the editor, it will be executed by IPython's own processor. -x: do not execute the edited code immediately upon exit. This is mainly useful if you are editing programs which need to be called with command line arguments, which you can then do using %run. Arguments: If arguments are given, the following possibilites exist: - The arguments are numbers or pairs of colon-separated numbers (like 1 4:8 9). These are interpreted as lines of previous input to be loaded into the editor. The syntax is the same of the %macro command. - If the argument doesn't start with a number, it is evaluated as a variable and its contents loaded into the editor. You can thus edit any string which contains python code (including the result of previous edits). - If the argument is the name of an object (other than a string), IPython will try to locate the file where it was defined and open the editor at the point where it is defined. You can use `%edit function` to load an editor exactly at the point where 'function' is defined, edit it and have the file be executed automatically. If the object is a macro (see %macro for details), this opens up your specified editor with a temporary file containing the macro's data. Upon exit, the macro is reloaded with the contents of the file. Note: opening at an exact line is only supported under Unix, and some editors (like kedit and gedit up to Gnome 2.8) do not understand the '+NUMBER' parameter necessary for this feature. Good editors like (X)Emacs, vi, jed, pico and joe all do. - If the argument is not found as a variable, IPython will look for a file with that name (adding .py if necessary) and load it into the editor. It will execute its contents with execfile() when you exit, loading any code in the file into your interactive namespace. After executing your code, %edit will return as output the code you typed in the editor (except when it was an existing file). This way you can reload the code in further invocations of %edit as a variable, via _ or Out[], where is the prompt number of the output. Note that %edit is also available through the alias %ed. This is an example of creating a simple function inside the editor and then modifying it. First, start up the editor: In [1]: ed Editing... done. Executing edited code... Out[1]: 'def foo():n print "foo() was defined in an editing session"n' We can then call the function foo(): In [2]: foo() foo() was defined in an editing session Now we edit foo. IPython automatically loads the editor with the (temporary) file where foo() was previously defined: In [3]: ed foo Editing... done. Executing edited code... And if we call foo() again we get the modified version: In [4]: foo() foo() has now been changed! Here is an example of how to edit a code snippet successive times. First we call the editor: In [5]: ed Editing... done. Executing edited code... hello Out[5]: "print 'hello'n" Now we call it again with the previous output (stored in _): In [6]: ed _ Editing... done. Executing edited code... hello world Out[6]: "print 'hello world'n" Now we call it with the output #8 (stored in _8, also as Out[8]): In [7]: ed _8 Editing... done. Executing edited code... hello again Out[7]: "print 'hello again'n" """ opts,args = self.parse_options(parameter_s,'prn:') try: filename, lineno, _ = CodeMagics._find_edit_target(self.shell, args, opts, last_call) except MacroToEdit as e: # TODO: Implement macro editing over 2 processes. print("Macro editing not yet implemented in 2-process model.") return # Make sure we send to the client an absolute path, in case the working # directory of client and kernel don't match filename = os.path.abspath(filename) payload = { 'source' : 'edit_magic', 'filename' : filename, 'line_number' : lineno } self.shell.payload_manager.write_payload(payload) # A few magics that are adapted to the specifics of using pexpect and a # remote terminal @line_magic def clear(self, arg_s): """Clear the terminal.""" if os.name == 'posix': self.shell.system("clear") else: self.shell.system("cls") if os.name == 'nt': # This is the usual name in windows cls = line_magic('cls')(clear) # Terminal pagers won't work over pexpect, but we do have our own pager @line_magic def less(self, arg_s): """Show a file through the pager. Files ending in .py are syntax-highlighted.""" if not arg_s: raise UsageError('Missing filename.') cont = open(arg_s).read() if arg_s.endswith('.py'): cont = self.shell.pycolorize(openpy.read_py_file(arg_s, skip_encoding_cookie=False)) else: cont = open(arg_s).read() page.page(cont) more = line_magic('more')(less) # Man calls a pager, so we also need to redefine it if os.name == 'posix': @line_magic def man(self, arg_s): """Find the man page for the given command and display in pager.""" page.page(self.shell.getoutput('man %s | col -b' % arg_s, split=False)) @line_magic def connect_info(self, arg_s): """Print information for connecting other clients to this kernel It will print the contents of this session's connection file, as well as shortcuts for local clients. In the simplest case, when called from the most recently launched kernel, secondary clients can be connected, simply with: $> ipython --existing """ from IPython.core.application import BaseIPythonApplication as BaseIPApp if BaseIPApp.initialized(): app = BaseIPApp.instance() security_dir = app.profile_dir.security_dir profile = app.profile else: profile = 'default' security_dir = '' try: connection_file = get_connection_file() info = get_connection_info(unpack=False) except Exception as e: error("Could not get connection info: %r" % e) return # add profile flag for non-default profile profile_flag = "--profile %s" % profile if profile != 'default' else "" # if it's in the security dir, truncate to basename if security_dir == os.path.dirname(connection_file): connection_file = os.path.basename(connection_file) print (info + '\n') print ("Paste the above JSON into a file, and connect with:\n" " $> ipython --existing \n" "or, if you are local, you can connect with just:\n" " $> ipython --existing {0} {1}\n" "or even just:\n" " $> ipython --existing {1}\n" "if this is the most recent IPython session you have started.".format( connection_file, profile_flag ) ) @line_magic def qtconsole(self, arg_s): """Open a qtconsole connected to this kernel. Useful for connecting a qtconsole to running notebooks, for better debugging. """ # %qtconsole should imply bind_kernel for engines: try: from IPython.parallel import bind_kernel except ImportError: # technically possible, because parallel has higher pyzmq min-version pass else: bind_kernel() try: p = connect_qtconsole(argv=arg_split(arg_s, os.name=='posix')) except Exception as e: error("Could not start qtconsole: %r" % e) return @line_magic def autosave(self, arg_s): """Set the autosave interval in the notebook (in seconds). The default value is 120, or two minutes. ``%autosave 0`` will disable autosave. This magic only has an effect when called from the notebook interface. It has no effect when called in a startup file. """ try: interval = int(arg_s) except ValueError: raise UsageError("%%autosave requires an integer, got %r" % arg_s) # javascript wants milliseconds milliseconds = 1000 * interval display(Javascript("IPython.notebook.set_autosave_interval(%i)" % milliseconds), include=['application/javascript'] ) if interval: print("Autosaving every %i seconds" % interval) else: print("Autosave disabled") class ZMQInteractiveShell(InteractiveShell): """A subclass of InteractiveShell for ZMQ.""" displayhook_class = Type(ZMQShellDisplayHook) display_pub_class = Type(ZMQDisplayPublisher) data_pub_class = Type(ZMQDataPublisher) # Override the traitlet in the parent class, because there's no point using # readline for the kernel. Can be removed when the readline code is moved # to the terminal frontend. colors_force = CBool(True) readline_use = CBool(False) # autoindent has no meaning in a zmqshell, and attempting to enable it # will print a warning in the absence of readline. autoindent = CBool(False) exiter = Instance(ZMQExitAutocall) def _exiter_default(self): return ZMQExitAutocall(self) def _exit_now_changed(self, name, old, new): """stop eventloop when exit_now fires""" if new: loop = ioloop.IOLoop.instance() loop.add_timeout(time.time()+0.1, loop.stop) keepkernel_on_exit = None # Over ZeroMQ, GUI control isn't done with PyOS_InputHook as there is no # interactive input being read; we provide event loop support in ipkernel @staticmethod def enable_gui(gui): from .eventloops import enable_gui as real_enable_gui try: real_enable_gui(gui) except ValueError as e: raise UsageError("%s" % e) def init_environment(self): """Configure the user's environment. """ env = os.environ # These two ensure 'ls' produces nice coloring on BSD-derived systems env['TERM'] = 'xterm-color' env['CLICOLOR'] = '1' # Since normal pagers don't work at all (over pexpect we don't have # single-key control of the subprocess), try to disable paging in # subprocesses as much as possible. env['PAGER'] = 'cat' env['GIT_PAGER'] = 'cat' # And install the payload version of page. install_payload_page() def auto_rewrite_input(self, cmd): """Called to show the auto-rewritten input for autocall and friends. FIXME: this payload is currently not correctly processed by the frontend. """ new = self.prompt_manager.render('rewrite') + cmd payload = dict( source='auto_rewrite_input', transformed_input=new, ) self.payload_manager.write_payload(payload) def ask_exit(self): """Engage the exit actions.""" self.exit_now = True payload = dict( source='ask_exit', exit=True, keepkernel=self.keepkernel_on_exit, ) self.payload_manager.write_payload(payload) def _showtraceback(self, etype, evalue, stb): exc_content = { u'traceback' : stb, u'ename' : unicode(etype.__name__), u'evalue' : py3compat.safe_unicode(evalue), } dh = self.displayhook # Send exception info over pub socket for other clients than the caller # to pick up topic = None if dh.topic: topic = dh.topic.replace(b'pyout', b'pyerr') exc_msg = dh.session.send(dh.pub_socket, u'pyerr', json_clean(exc_content), dh.parent_header, ident=topic) # FIXME - Hack: store exception info in shell object. Right now, the # caller is reading this info after the fact, we need to fix this logic # to remove this hack. Even uglier, we need to store the error status # here, because in the main loop, the logic that sets it is being # skipped because runlines swallows the exceptions. exc_content[u'status'] = u'error' self._reply_content = exc_content # /FIXME return exc_content def set_next_input(self, text): """Send the specified text to the frontend to be presented at the next input cell.""" payload = dict( source='set_next_input', text=text ) self.payload_manager.write_payload(payload, update=True) #------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Things related to magics #------------------------------------------------------------------------- def init_magics(self): super(ZMQInteractiveShell, self).init_magics() self.register_magics(KernelMagics) self.magics_manager.register_alias('ed', 'edit') InteractiveShellABC.register(ZMQInteractiveShell)