{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Working With External Code"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "The IPython Kernel makes it easy to incorporate external code from sources such as the internet or copy/paste. "
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Pasting code into cells"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "You can copy and paste code from other sources directly into cells. Pasting code with `>>>` prompts works as expected:"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 7,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
     "name": "stdout",
     "output_type": "stream",
     "text": [
      "Be careful not to fall off!\n"
     ]
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    ">>> the_world_is_flat = 1\n",
    ">>> if the_world_is_flat:\n",
    "...     print(\"Be careful not to fall off!\")"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## The %load magic"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "The `%load` magic lets you load code from URLs or local files:"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 8,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "%load?"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 9,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "%matplotlib inline"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 10,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "%load http://matplotlib.org/mpl_examples/showcase/integral_demo.py"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": 11,
   "metadata": {
    "collapsed": false
   },
   "outputs": [
    {
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      ],
      "text/plain": [
       "<matplotlib.figure.Figure at 0x108604e50>"
      ]
     },
     "metadata": {},
     "output_type": "display_data"
    }
   ],
   "source": [
    "\"\"\"\n",
    "Plot demonstrating the integral as the area under a curve.\n",
    "\n",
    "Although this is a simple example, it demonstrates some important tweaks:\n",
    "\n",
    "    * A simple line plot with custom color and line width.\n",
    "    * A shaded region created using a Polygon patch.\n",
    "    * A text label with mathtext rendering.\n",
    "    * figtext calls to label the x- and y-axes.\n",
    "    * Use of axis spines to hide the top and right spines.\n",
    "    * Custom tick placement and labels.\n",
    "\"\"\"\n",
    "import numpy as np\n",
    "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt\n",
    "from matplotlib.patches import Polygon\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "def func(x):\n",
    "    return (x - 3) * (x - 5) * (x - 7) + 85\n",
    "\n",
    "\n",
    "a, b = 2, 9 # integral limits\n",
    "x = np.linspace(0, 10)\n",
    "y = func(x)\n",
    "\n",
    "fig, ax = plt.subplots()\n",
    "plt.plot(x, y, 'r', linewidth=2)\n",
    "plt.ylim(ymin=0)\n",
    "\n",
    "# Make the shaded region\n",
    "ix = np.linspace(a, b)\n",
    "iy = func(ix)\n",
    "verts = [(a, 0)] + list(zip(ix, iy)) + [(b, 0)]\n",
    "poly = Polygon(verts, facecolor='0.9', edgecolor='0.5')\n",
    "ax.add_patch(poly)\n",
    "\n",
    "plt.text(0.5 * (a + b), 30, r\"$\\int_a^b f(x)\\mathrm{d}x$\",\n",
    "         horizontalalignment='center', fontsize=20)\n",
    "\n",
    "plt.figtext(0.9, 0.05, '$x$')\n",
    "plt.figtext(0.1, 0.9, '$y$')\n",
    "\n",
    "ax.spines['right'].set_visible(False)\n",
    "ax.spines['top'].set_visible(False)\n",
    "ax.xaxis.set_ticks_position('bottom')\n",
    "\n",
    "ax.set_xticks((a, b))\n",
    "ax.set_xticklabels(('$a$', '$b$'))\n",
    "ax.set_yticks([])\n",
    "\n",
    "plt.show()\n"
   ]
  }
 ],
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