"""Base classes to manage the interaction with a running kernel. Todo ==== * Create logger to handle debugging and console messages. """ #----------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Copyright (C) 2008-2010 The IPython Development Team # # Distributed under the terms of the BSD License. The full license is in # the file COPYING, distributed as part of this software. #----------------------------------------------------------------------------- #----------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Imports #----------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Standard library imports. from Queue import Queue, Empty from subprocess import Popen from threading import Thread import time # System library imports. import zmq from zmq import POLLIN, POLLOUT, POLLERR from zmq.eventloop import ioloop # Local imports. from IPython.utils.traitlets import HasTraits, Any, Instance, Type, TCPAddress from session import Session #----------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Constants and exceptions #----------------------------------------------------------------------------- LOCALHOST = '127.0.0.1' class InvalidPortNumber(Exception): pass #----------------------------------------------------------------------------- # ZMQ Socket Channel classes #----------------------------------------------------------------------------- class ZmqSocketChannel(Thread): """The base class for the channels that use ZMQ sockets. """ context = None session = None socket = None ioloop = None iostate = None _address = None def __init__(self, context, session, address): """Create a channel Parameters ---------- context : :class:`zmq.Context` The ZMQ context to use. session : :class:`session.Session` The session to use. address : tuple Standard (ip, port) tuple that the kernel is listening on. """ super(ZmqSocketChannel, self).__init__() self.daemon = True self.context = context self.session = session if address[1] == 0: message = 'The port number for a channel cannot be 0.' raise InvalidPortNumber(message) self._address = address def stop(self): """Stop the channel's activity. This calls :method:`Thread.join` and returns when the thread terminates. :class:`RuntimeError` will be raised if :method:`self.start` is called again. """ self.join() @property def address(self): """Get the channel's address as an (ip, port) tuple. By the default, the address is (localhost, 0), where 0 means a random port. """ return self._address def add_io_state(self, state): """Add IO state to the eventloop. Parameters ---------- state : zmq.POLLIN|zmq.POLLOUT|zmq.POLLERR The IO state flag to set. This is thread safe as it uses the thread safe IOLoop.add_callback. """ def add_io_state_callback(): if not self.iostate & state: self.iostate = self.iostate | state self.ioloop.update_handler(self.socket, self.iostate) self.ioloop.add_callback(add_io_state_callback) def drop_io_state(self, state): """Drop IO state from the eventloop. Parameters ---------- state : zmq.POLLIN|zmq.POLLOUT|zmq.POLLERR The IO state flag to set. This is thread safe as it uses the thread safe IOLoop.add_callback. """ def drop_io_state_callback(): if self.iostate & state: self.iostate = self.iostate & (~state) self.ioloop.update_handler(self.socket, self.iostate) self.ioloop.add_callback(drop_io_state_callback) class XReqSocketChannel(ZmqSocketChannel): """The XREQ channel for issues request/replies to the kernel. """ command_queue = None def __init__(self, context, session, address): self.command_queue = Queue() super(XReqSocketChannel, self).__init__(context, session, address) def run(self): """The thread's main activity. Call start() instead.""" self.socket = self.context.socket(zmq.XREQ) self.socket.setsockopt(zmq.IDENTITY, self.session.session) self.socket.connect('tcp://%s:%i' % self.address) self.ioloop = ioloop.IOLoop() self.iostate = POLLERR|POLLIN self.ioloop.add_handler(self.socket, self._handle_events, self.iostate) self.ioloop.start() def stop(self): self.ioloop.stop() super(XReqSocketChannel, self).stop() def call_handlers(self, msg): """This method is called in the ioloop thread when a message arrives. Subclasses should override this method to handle incoming messages. It is important to remember that this method is called in the thread so that some logic must be done to ensure that the application leve handlers are called in the application thread. """ raise NotImplementedError('call_handlers must be defined in a subclass.') def execute(self, code): """Execute code in the kernel. Parameters ---------- code : str A string of Python code. Returns ------- The msg_id of the message sent. """ # Create class for content/msg creation. Related to, but possibly # not in Session. content = dict(code=code) msg = self.session.msg('execute_request', content) self._queue_request(msg) return msg['header']['msg_id'] def complete(self, text, line, block=None): """Tab complete text, line, block in the kernel's namespace. Parameters ---------- text : str The text to complete. line : str The full line of text that is the surrounding context for the text to complete. block : str The full block of code in which the completion is being requested. Returns ------- The msg_id of the message sent. """ content = dict(text=text, line=line) msg = self.session.msg('complete_request', content) self._queue_request(msg) return msg['header']['msg_id'] def object_info(self, oname): """Get metadata information about an object. Parameters ---------- oname : str A string specifying the object name. Returns ------- The msg_id of the message sent. """ content = dict(oname=oname) msg = self.session.msg('object_info_request', content) self._queue_request(msg) return msg['header']['msg_id'] def _handle_events(self, socket, events): if events & POLLERR: self._handle_err() if events & POLLOUT: self._handle_send() if events & POLLIN: self._handle_recv() def _handle_recv(self): msg = self.socket.recv_json() self.call_handlers(msg) def _handle_send(self): try: msg = self.command_queue.get(False) except Empty: pass else: self.socket.send_json(msg) if self.command_queue.empty(): self.drop_io_state(POLLOUT) def _handle_err(self): # We don't want to let this go silently, so eventually we should log. raise zmq.ZMQError() def _queue_request(self, msg): self.command_queue.put(msg) self.add_io_state(POLLOUT) class SubSocketChannel(ZmqSocketChannel): """The SUB channel which listens for messages that the kernel publishes. """ def __init__(self, context, session, address): super(SubSocketChannel, self).__init__(context, session, address) def run(self): """The thread's main activity. Call start() instead.""" self.socket = self.context.socket(zmq.SUB) self.socket.setsockopt(zmq.SUBSCRIBE,'') self.socket.setsockopt(zmq.IDENTITY, self.session.session) self.socket.connect('tcp://%s:%i' % self.address) self.ioloop = ioloop.IOLoop() self.iostate = POLLIN|POLLERR self.ioloop.add_handler(self.socket, self._handle_events, self.iostate) self.ioloop.start() def stop(self): self.ioloop.stop() super(SubSocketChannel, self).stop() def call_handlers(self, msg): """This method is called in the ioloop thread when a message arrives. Subclasses should override this method to handle incoming messages. It is important to remember that this method is called in the thread so that some logic must be done to ensure that the application leve handlers are called in the application thread. """ raise NotImplementedError('call_handlers must be defined in a subclass.') def flush(self, timeout=1.0): """Immediately processes all pending messages on the SUB channel. Callers should use this method to ensure that :method:`call_handlers` has been called for all messages that have been received on the 0MQ SUB socket of this channel. This method is thread safe. Parameters ---------- timeout : float, optional The maximum amount of time to spend flushing, in seconds. The default is one second. """ # We do the IOLoop callback process twice to ensure that the IOLoop # gets to perform at least one full poll. stop_time = time.time() + timeout for i in xrange(2): self._flushed = False self.ioloop.add_callback(self._flush) while not self._flushed and time.time() < stop_time: time.sleep(0.01) def _handle_events(self, socket, events): # Turn on and off POLLOUT depending on if we have made a request if events & POLLERR: self._handle_err() if events & POLLIN: self._handle_recv() def _handle_err(self): # We don't want to let this go silently, so eventually we should log. raise zmq.ZMQError() def _handle_recv(self): # Get all of the messages we can while True: try: msg = self.socket.recv_json(zmq.NOBLOCK) except zmq.ZMQError: # Check the errno? # Will this trigger POLLERR? break else: self.call_handlers(msg) def _flush(self): """Callback for :method:`self.flush`.""" self._flushed = True class RepSocketChannel(ZmqSocketChannel): """A reply channel to handle raw_input requests that the kernel makes.""" msg_queue = None def __init__(self, context, session, address): self.msg_queue = Queue() super(RepSocketChannel, self).__init__(context, session, address) def run(self): """The thread's main activity. Call start() instead.""" self.socket = self.context.socket(zmq.XREQ) self.socket.setsockopt(zmq.IDENTITY, self.session.session) self.socket.connect('tcp://%s:%i' % self.address) self.ioloop = ioloop.IOLoop() self.iostate = POLLERR|POLLIN self.ioloop.add_handler(self.socket, self._handle_events, self.iostate) self.ioloop.start() def stop(self): self.ioloop.stop() super(RepSocketChannel, self).stop() def call_handlers(self, msg): """This method is called in the ioloop thread when a message arrives. Subclasses should override this method to handle incoming messages. It is important to remember that this method is called in the thread so that some logic must be done to ensure that the application leve handlers are called in the application thread. """ raise NotImplementedError('call_handlers must be defined in a subclass.') def input(self, string): """Send a string of raw input to the kernel.""" content = dict(value=string) msg = self.session.msg('input_reply', content) self._queue_reply(msg) def _handle_events(self, socket, events): if events & POLLERR: self._handle_err() if events & POLLOUT: self._handle_send() if events & POLLIN: self._handle_recv() def _handle_recv(self): msg = self.socket.recv_json() self.call_handlers(msg) def _handle_send(self): try: msg = self.msg_queue.get(False) except Empty: pass else: self.socket.send_json(msg) if self.msg_queue.empty(): self.drop_io_state(POLLOUT) def _handle_err(self): # We don't want to let this go silently, so eventually we should log. raise zmq.ZMQError() def _queue_reply(self, msg): self.msg_queue.put(msg) self.add_io_state(POLLOUT) #----------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Main kernel manager class #----------------------------------------------------------------------------- class KernelManager(HasTraits): """ Manages a kernel for a frontend. The SUB channel is for the frontend to receive messages published by the kernel. The REQ channel is for the frontend to make requests of the kernel. The REP channel is for the kernel to request stdin (raw_input) from the frontend. """ # The PyZMQ Context to use for communication with the kernel. context = Instance(zmq.Context,(),{}) # The Session to use for communication with the kernel. session = Instance(Session,(),{}) # The kernel process with which the KernelManager is communicating. kernel = Instance(Popen) # The addresses for the communication channels. xreq_address = TCPAddress((LOCALHOST, 0)) sub_address = TCPAddress((LOCALHOST, 0)) rep_address = TCPAddress((LOCALHOST, 0)) # The classes to use for the various channels. xreq_channel_class = Type(XReqSocketChannel) sub_channel_class = Type(SubSocketChannel) rep_channel_class = Type(RepSocketChannel) # Protected traits. _xreq_channel = Any _sub_channel = Any _rep_channel = Any #-------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Channel management methods: #-------------------------------------------------------------------------- def start_channels(self): """Starts the channels for this kernel. This will create the channels if they do not exist and then start them. If port numbers of 0 are being used (random ports) then you must first call :method:`start_kernel`. If the channels have been stopped and you call this, :class:`RuntimeError` will be raised. """ self.xreq_channel.start() self.sub_channel.start() self.rep_channel.start() def stop_channels(self): """Stops the channels for this kernel. This stops the channels by joining their threads. If the channels were not started, :class:`RuntimeError` will be raised. """ self.xreq_channel.stop() self.sub_channel.stop() self.rep_channel.stop() @property def channels_running(self): """Are all of the channels created and running?""" return self.xreq_channel.is_alive() \ and self.sub_channel.is_alive() \ and self.rep_channel.is_alive() #-------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Kernel process management methods: #-------------------------------------------------------------------------- def start_kernel(self, ipython=True, **kw): """Starts a kernel process and configures the manager to use it. If random ports (port=0) are being used, this method must be called before the channels are created. Parameters: ----------- ipython : bool, optional (default True) Whether to use an IPython kernel instead of a plain Python kernel. """ xreq, sub, rep = self.xreq_address, self.sub_address, self.rep_address if xreq[0] != LOCALHOST or sub[0] != LOCALHOST or rep[0] != LOCALHOST: raise RuntimeError("Can only launch a kernel on localhost." "Make sure that the '*_address' attributes are " "configured properly.") if ipython: from ipkernel import launch_kernel as launch else: from pykernel import launch_kernel as launch self.kernel, xrep, pub, req = launch(xrep_port=xreq[1], pub_port=sub[1], req_port=rep[1], **kw) self.xreq_address = (LOCALHOST, xrep) self.sub_address = (LOCALHOST, pub) self.rep_address = (LOCALHOST, req) @property def has_kernel(self): """Returns whether a kernel process has been specified for the kernel manager. """ return self.kernel is not None def kill_kernel(self): """ Kill the running kernel. """ if self.kernel is not None: self.kernel.kill() self.kernel = None else: raise RuntimeError("Cannot kill kernel. No kernel is running!") def signal_kernel(self, signum): """ Sends a signal to the kernel. """ if self.kernel is not None: self.kernel.send_signal(signum) else: raise RuntimeError("Cannot signal kernel. No kernel is running!") @property def is_alive(self): """Is the kernel process still running?""" if self.kernel is not None: if self.kernel.poll() is None: return True else: return False else: # We didn't start the kernel with this KernelManager so we don't # know if it is running. We should use a heartbeat for this case. return True #-------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Channels used for communication with the kernel: #-------------------------------------------------------------------------- @property def xreq_channel(self): """Get the REQ socket channel object to make requests of the kernel.""" if self._xreq_channel is None: self._xreq_channel = self.xreq_channel_class(self.context, self.session, self.xreq_address) return self._xreq_channel @property def sub_channel(self): """Get the SUB socket channel object.""" if self._sub_channel is None: self._sub_channel = self.sub_channel_class(self.context, self.session, self.sub_address) return self._sub_channel @property def rep_channel(self): """Get the REP socket channel object to handle stdin (raw_input).""" if self._rep_channel is None: self._rep_channel = self.rep_channel_class(self.context, self.session, self.rep_address) return self._rep_channel