"""A ZMQ-based subclass of InteractiveShell. This code is meant to ease the refactoring of the base InteractiveShell into something with a cleaner architecture for 2-process use, without actually breaking InteractiveShell itself. So we're doing something a bit ugly, where we subclass and override what we want to fix. Once this is working well, we can go back to the base class and refactor the code for a cleaner inheritance implementation that doesn't rely on so much monkeypatching. But this lets us maintain a fully working IPython as we develop the new machinery. This should thus be thought of as scaffolding. """ #----------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Imports #----------------------------------------------------------------------------- from __future__ import print_function # Stdlib import inspect import os import sys from subprocess import Popen, PIPE # Our own from IPython.core.interactiveshell import ( InteractiveShell, InteractiveShellABC ) from IPython.core import page from IPython.core.autocall import ZMQExitAutocall from IPython.core.displaypub import DisplayPublisher from IPython.core.macro import Macro from IPython.core.magic import MacroToEdit from IPython.core.payloadpage import install_payload_page from IPython.lib import pylabtools from IPython.lib.kernel import ( get_connection_file, get_connection_info, connect_qtconsole ) from IPython.utils import io from IPython.utils.jsonutil import json_clean from IPython.utils.path import get_py_filename from IPython.utils.process import arg_split from IPython.utils.traitlets import Instance, Type, Dict, CBool from IPython.utils.warn import warn, error from IPython.zmq.displayhook import ZMQShellDisplayHook, _encode_binary from IPython.zmq.session import extract_header from session import Session #----------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Globals and side-effects #----------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Install the payload version of page. install_payload_page() #----------------------------------------------------------------------------- # Functions and classes #----------------------------------------------------------------------------- class ZMQDisplayPublisher(DisplayPublisher): """A display publisher that publishes data using a ZeroMQ PUB socket.""" session = Instance(Session) pub_socket = Instance('zmq.Socket') parent_header = Dict({}) def set_parent(self, parent): """Set the parent for outbound messages.""" self.parent_header = extract_header(parent) def publish(self, source, data, metadata=None): if metadata is None: metadata = {} self._validate_data(source, data, metadata) content = {} content['source'] = source _encode_binary(data) content['data'] = data content['metadata'] = metadata self.session.send( self.pub_socket, u'display_data', json_clean(content), parent=self.parent_header ) def clear_output(self, stdout=True, stderr=True, other=True): content = dict(stdout=stdout, stderr=stderr, other=other) self.session.send( self.pub_socket, u'clear_output', content, parent=self.parent_header ) class ZMQInteractiveShell(InteractiveShell): """A subclass of InteractiveShell for ZMQ.""" displayhook_class = Type(ZMQShellDisplayHook) display_pub_class = Type(ZMQDisplayPublisher) # Override the traitlet in the parent class, because there's no point using # readline for the kernel. Can be removed when the readline code is moved # to the terminal frontend. colors_force = CBool(True) readline_use = CBool(False) # autoindent has no meaning in a zmqshell, and attempting to enable it # will print a warning in the absence of readline. autoindent = CBool(False) exiter = Instance(ZMQExitAutocall) def _exiter_default(self): return ZMQExitAutocall(self) keepkernel_on_exit = None def init_environment(self): """Configure the user's environment. """ env = os.environ # These two ensure 'ls' produces nice coloring on BSD-derived systems env['TERM'] = 'xterm-color' env['CLICOLOR'] = '1' # Since normal pagers don't work at all (over pexpect we don't have # single-key control of the subprocess), try to disable paging in # subprocesses as much as possible. env['PAGER'] = 'cat' env['GIT_PAGER'] = 'cat' def auto_rewrite_input(self, cmd): """Called to show the auto-rewritten input for autocall and friends. FIXME: this payload is currently not correctly processed by the frontend. """ new = self.displayhook.prompt1.auto_rewrite() + cmd payload = dict( source='IPython.zmq.zmqshell.ZMQInteractiveShell.auto_rewrite_input', transformed_input=new, ) self.payload_manager.write_payload(payload) def ask_exit(self): """Engage the exit actions.""" payload = dict( source='IPython.zmq.zmqshell.ZMQInteractiveShell.ask_exit', exit=True, keepkernel=self.keepkernel_on_exit, ) self.payload_manager.write_payload(payload) def _showtraceback(self, etype, evalue, stb): exc_content = { u'traceback' : stb, u'ename' : unicode(etype.__name__), u'evalue' : unicode(evalue) } dh = self.displayhook # Send exception info over pub socket for other clients than the caller # to pick up exc_msg = dh.session.send(dh.pub_socket, u'pyerr', json_clean(exc_content), dh.parent_header) # FIXME - Hack: store exception info in shell object. Right now, the # caller is reading this info after the fact, we need to fix this logic # to remove this hack. Even uglier, we need to store the error status # here, because in the main loop, the logic that sets it is being # skipped because runlines swallows the exceptions. exc_content[u'status'] = u'error' self._reply_content = exc_content # /FIXME return exc_content #------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Magic overrides #------------------------------------------------------------------------ # Once the base class stops inheriting from magic, this code needs to be # moved into a separate machinery as well. For now, at least isolate here # the magics which this class needs to implement differently from the base # class, or that are unique to it. def magic_doctest_mode(self,parameter_s=''): """Toggle doctest mode on and off. This mode is intended to make IPython behave as much as possible like a plain Python shell, from the perspective of how its prompts, exceptions and output look. This makes it easy to copy and paste parts of a session into doctests. It does so by: - Changing the prompts to the classic ``>>>`` ones. - Changing the exception reporting mode to 'Plain'. - Disabling pretty-printing of output. Note that IPython also supports the pasting of code snippets that have leading '>>>' and '...' prompts in them. This means that you can paste doctests from files or docstrings (even if they have leading whitespace), and the code will execute correctly. You can then use '%history -t' to see the translated history; this will give you the input after removal of all the leading prompts and whitespace, which can be pasted back into an editor. With these features, you can switch into this mode easily whenever you need to do testing and changes to doctests, without having to leave your existing IPython session. """ from IPython.utils.ipstruct import Struct # Shorthands shell = self.shell disp_formatter = self.shell.display_formatter ptformatter = disp_formatter.formatters['text/plain'] # dstore is a data store kept in the instance metadata bag to track any # changes we make, so we can undo them later. dstore = shell.meta.setdefault('doctest_mode', Struct()) save_dstore = dstore.setdefault # save a few values we'll need to recover later mode = save_dstore('mode', False) save_dstore('rc_pprint', ptformatter.pprint) save_dstore('rc_plain_text_only',disp_formatter.plain_text_only) save_dstore('xmode', shell.InteractiveTB.mode) if mode == False: # turn on ptformatter.pprint = False disp_formatter.plain_text_only = True shell.magic_xmode('Plain') else: # turn off ptformatter.pprint = dstore.rc_pprint disp_formatter.plain_text_only = dstore.rc_plain_text_only shell.magic_xmode(dstore.xmode) # Store new mode and inform on console dstore.mode = bool(1-int(mode)) mode_label = ['OFF','ON'][dstore.mode] print('Doctest mode is:', mode_label) # Send the payload back so that clients can modify their prompt display payload = dict( source='IPython.zmq.zmqshell.ZMQInteractiveShell.magic_doctest_mode', mode=dstore.mode) self.payload_manager.write_payload(payload) def magic_edit(self,parameter_s='',last_call=['','']): """Bring up an editor and execute the resulting code. Usage: %edit [options] [args] %edit runs an external text editor. You will need to set the command for this editor via the ``TerminalInteractiveShell.editor`` option in your configuration file before it will work. This command allows you to conveniently edit multi-line code right in your IPython session. If called without arguments, %edit opens up an empty editor with a temporary file and will execute the contents of this file when you close it (don't forget to save it!). Options: -n : open the editor at a specified line number. By default, the IPython editor hook uses the unix syntax 'editor +N filename', but you can configure this by providing your own modified hook if your favorite editor supports line-number specifications with a different syntax. -p: this will call the editor with the same data as the previous time it was used, regardless of how long ago (in your current session) it was. -r: use 'raw' input. This option only applies to input taken from the user's history. By default, the 'processed' history is used, so that magics are loaded in their transformed version to valid Python. If this option is given, the raw input as typed as the command line is used instead. When you exit the editor, it will be executed by IPython's own processor. -x: do not execute the edited code immediately upon exit. This is mainly useful if you are editing programs which need to be called with command line arguments, which you can then do using %run. Arguments: If arguments are given, the following possibilites exist: - The arguments are numbers or pairs of colon-separated numbers (like 1 4:8 9). These are interpreted as lines of previous input to be loaded into the editor. The syntax is the same of the %macro command. - If the argument doesn't start with a number, it is evaluated as a variable and its contents loaded into the editor. You can thus edit any string which contains python code (including the result of previous edits). - If the argument is the name of an object (other than a string), IPython will try to locate the file where it was defined and open the editor at the point where it is defined. You can use `%edit function` to load an editor exactly at the point where 'function' is defined, edit it and have the file be executed automatically. If the object is a macro (see %macro for details), this opens up your specified editor with a temporary file containing the macro's data. Upon exit, the macro is reloaded with the contents of the file. Note: opening at an exact line is only supported under Unix, and some editors (like kedit and gedit up to Gnome 2.8) do not understand the '+NUMBER' parameter necessary for this feature. Good editors like (X)Emacs, vi, jed, pico and joe all do. - If the argument is not found as a variable, IPython will look for a file with that name (adding .py if necessary) and load it into the editor. It will execute its contents with execfile() when you exit, loading any code in the file into your interactive namespace. After executing your code, %edit will return as output the code you typed in the editor (except when it was an existing file). This way you can reload the code in further invocations of %edit as a variable, via _ or Out[], where is the prompt number of the output. Note that %edit is also available through the alias %ed. This is an example of creating a simple function inside the editor and then modifying it. First, start up the editor: In [1]: ed Editing... done. Executing edited code... Out[1]: 'def foo():n print "foo() was defined in an editing session"n' We can then call the function foo(): In [2]: foo() foo() was defined in an editing session Now we edit foo. IPython automatically loads the editor with the (temporary) file where foo() was previously defined: In [3]: ed foo Editing... done. Executing edited code... And if we call foo() again we get the modified version: In [4]: foo() foo() has now been changed! Here is an example of how to edit a code snippet successive times. First we call the editor: In [5]: ed Editing... done. Executing edited code... hello Out[5]: "print 'hello'n" Now we call it again with the previous output (stored in _): In [6]: ed _ Editing... done. Executing edited code... hello world Out[6]: "print 'hello world'n" Now we call it with the output #8 (stored in _8, also as Out[8]): In [7]: ed _8 Editing... done. Executing edited code... hello again Out[7]: "print 'hello again'n" """ opts,args = self.parse_options(parameter_s,'prn:') try: filename, lineno, _ = self._find_edit_target(args, opts, last_call) except MacroToEdit as e: # TODO: Implement macro editing over 2 processes. print("Macro editing not yet implemented in 2-process model.") return # Make sure we send to the client an absolute path, in case the working # directory of client and kernel don't match filename = os.path.abspath(filename) payload = { 'source' : 'IPython.zmq.zmqshell.ZMQInteractiveShell.edit_magic', 'filename' : filename, 'line_number' : lineno } self.payload_manager.write_payload(payload) def magic_gui(self, parameter_s=''): """Enable or disable IPython GUI event loop integration. %gui [GUINAME] This magic replaces IPython's threaded shells that were activated using the (pylab/wthread/etc.) command line flags. GUI toolkits can now be enabled at runtime and keyboard interrupts should work without any problems. The following toolkits are supported: wxPython, PyQt4, PyGTK, Cocoa, and Tk:: %gui wx # enable wxPython event loop integration %gui qt4|qt # enable PyQt4 event loop integration %gui gtk # enable PyGTK event loop integration %gui OSX # enable Cocoa event loop integration (requires matplotlib 1.1) %gui tk # enable Tk event loop integration WARNING: after any of these has been called you can simply create an application object, but DO NOT start the event loop yourself, as we have already handled that. """ from IPython.zmq.ipkernel import enable_gui opts, arg = self.parse_options(parameter_s, '') if arg=='': arg = None return enable_gui(arg) def enable_pylab(self, gui=None, import_all=True): """Activate pylab support at runtime. This turns on support for matplotlib, preloads into the interactive namespace all of numpy and pylab, and configures IPython to correcdtly interact with the GUI event loop. The GUI backend to be used can be optionally selected with the optional :param:`gui` argument. Parameters ---------- gui : optional, string [default: inline] If given, dictates the choice of matplotlib GUI backend to use (should be one of IPython's supported backends, 'inline', 'qt', 'osx', 'tk', or 'gtk'), otherwise we use the default chosen by matplotlib (as dictated by the matplotlib build-time options plus the user's matplotlibrc configuration file). """ from IPython.zmq.ipkernel import enable_gui # We want to prevent the loading of pylab to pollute the user's # namespace as shown by the %who* magics, so we execute the activation # code in an empty namespace, and we update *both* user_ns and # user_ns_hidden with this information. ns = {} # override default to inline, from auto-detect gui = pylabtools.pylab_activate(ns, gui or 'inline', import_all, self) self.user_ns.update(ns) self.user_ns_hidden.update(ns) # Now we must activate the gui pylab wants to use, and fix %run to take # plot updates into account enable_gui(gui) self.magic_run = self._pylab_magic_run # A few magics that are adapted to the specifics of using pexpect and a # remote terminal def magic_clear(self, arg_s): """Clear the terminal.""" if os.name == 'posix': self.shell.system("clear") else: self.shell.system("cls") if os.name == 'nt': # This is the usual name in windows magic_cls = magic_clear # Terminal pagers won't work over pexpect, but we do have our own pager def magic_less(self, arg_s): """Show a file through the pager. Files ending in .py are syntax-highlighted.""" cont = open(arg_s).read() if arg_s.endswith('.py'): cont = self.shell.pycolorize(cont) page.page(cont) magic_more = magic_less # Man calls a pager, so we also need to redefine it if os.name == 'posix': def magic_man(self, arg_s): """Find the man page for the given command and display in pager.""" page.page(self.shell.getoutput('man %s | col -b' % arg_s, split=False)) # FIXME: this is specific to the GUI, so we should let the gui app load # magics at startup that are only for the gui. Once the gui app has proper # profile and configuration management, we can have it initialize a kernel # with a special config file that provides these. def magic_guiref(self, arg_s): """Show a basic reference about the GUI console.""" from IPython.core.usage import gui_reference page.page(gui_reference, auto_html=True) def magic_connect_info(self, arg_s): """Print information for connecting other clients to this kernel It will print the contents of this session's connection file, as well as shortcuts for local clients. In the simplest case, when called from the most recently launched kernel, secondary clients can be connected, simply with: $> ipython --existing """ try: connection_file = get_connection_file() info = get_connection_info(unpack=False) except Exception as e: error("Could not get connection info: %r" % e) return print (info + '\n') print ("Paste the above JSON into a file, and connect with:\n" " $> ipython --existing \n" "or, if you are local, you can connect with just:\n" " $> ipython --existing %s\n" "or even just:\n" " $> ipython --existing\n" "if this is the most recent IPython session you have started." % os.path.basename(connection_file) ) def magic_qtconsole(self, arg_s): """Open a qtconsole connected to this kernel. Useful for connecting a qtconsole to running notebooks, for better debugging. """ try: p = connect_qtconsole(argv=arg_split(arg_s, os.name=='posix')) except Exception as e: error("Could not start qtconsole: %r" % e) return def set_next_input(self, text): """Send the specified text to the frontend to be presented at the next input cell.""" payload = dict( source='IPython.zmq.zmqshell.ZMQInteractiveShell.set_next_input', text=text ) self.payload_manager.write_payload(payload) InteractiveShellABC.register(ZMQInteractiveShell)