mysql: bump charset to to 'utf8mb4' to get full UTF-8 support

We used to use 'utf8', but in MySQL, this is just an alias for 'utf8mb3' which
isn't full unicode. 'utf8mb4' has less surprises (especially if used with the
'utf8mb4_unicode_ci' collation).

MySQL character sets for server, database, tables, and connection are set
independently. Until now, we have specified 'utf8' when creating tables to
overrule the database charset and in the default MySQL connection URL.

For existing databases, it is recommended to change encoding (and collation) by
altering the each of the tables inside it as described on
https://stackoverflow.com/questions/6115612/how-to-convert-an-entire-mysql-database-characterset-and-collation-to-utf-8 .

kallithea/model/db.py

@@ -1,2305 +1,2305 b''
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 # This program is free software: you can redistribute it and/or modify
 # it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as published by
 # the Free Software Foundation, either version 3 of the License, or
 # (at your option) any later version.
 #
 # This program is distributed in the hope that it will be useful,
 # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of
 # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.  See the
 # GNU General Public License for more details.
 #
 # You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License
 # along with this program.  If not, see <http://www.gnu.org/licenses/>.
 """
 kallithea.model.db
 ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~
 
 Database Models for Kallithea
 
 This file was forked by the Kallithea project in July 2014.
 Original author and date, and relevant copyright and licensing information is below:
 :created_on: Apr 08, 2010
 :author: marcink
 :copyright: (c) 2013 RhodeCode GmbH, and others.
 :license: GPLv3, see LICENSE.md for more details.
 """
 
 import base64
 import collections
 import datetime
 import functools
 import hashlib
 import logging
 import os
 import time
 import traceback
 
 import ipaddr
 import sqlalchemy
 from sqlalchemy import Boolean, Column, DateTime, Float, ForeignKey, Index, Integer, LargeBinary, String, Unicode, UnicodeText, UniqueConstraint
 from sqlalchemy.ext.hybrid import hybrid_property
 from sqlalchemy.orm import class_mapper, joinedload, relationship, validates
 from tg.i18n import lazy_ugettext as _
 from webob.exc import HTTPNotFound
 
 import kallithea
 from kallithea.lib import ext_json
 from kallithea.lib.exceptions import DefaultUserException
 from kallithea.lib.utils2 import (Optional, asbool, ascii_bytes, aslist, get_changeset_safe, get_clone_url, remove_prefix, safe_bytes, safe_int, safe_str,
                                   urlreadable)
 from kallithea.lib.vcs import get_backend
 from kallithea.lib.vcs.backends.base import EmptyChangeset
 from kallithea.lib.vcs.utils.helpers import get_scm
 from kallithea.model.meta import Base, Session
 
 
 URL_SEP = '/'
 log = logging.getLogger(__name__)
 
 #==============================================================================
 # BASE CLASSES
 #==============================================================================
 
 class BaseDbModel(object):
     """
     Base Model for all classes
     """
 
     @classmethod
     def _get_keys(cls):
         """return column names for this model """
         # Note: not a normal dict - iterator gives "users.firstname", but keys gives "firstname"
         return class_mapper(cls).c.keys()
 
     def get_dict(self):
         """
         return dict with keys and values corresponding
         to this model data """
 
         d = {}
         for k in self._get_keys():
             d[k] = getattr(self, k)
 
         # also use __json__() if present to get additional fields
         _json_attr = getattr(self, '__json__', None)
         if _json_attr:
             # update with attributes from __json__
             if callable(_json_attr):
                 _json_attr = _json_attr()
             for k, val in _json_attr.items():
                 d[k] = val
         return d
 
     def get_appstruct(self):
         """return list with keys and values tuples corresponding
         to this model data """
 
         return [
             (k, getattr(self, k))
             for k in self._get_keys()
         ]
 
     def populate_obj(self, populate_dict):
         """populate model with data from given populate_dict"""
 
         for k in self._get_keys():
             if k in populate_dict:
                 setattr(self, k, populate_dict[k])
 
     @classmethod
     def query(cls):
         return Session().query(cls)
 
     @classmethod
     def get(cls, id_):
         if id_:
             return cls.query().get(id_)
 
     @classmethod
     def guess_instance(cls, value, callback=None):
         """Haphazardly attempt to convert `value` to a `cls` instance.
 
         If `value` is None or already a `cls` instance, return it. If `value`
         is a number (or looks like one if you squint just right), assume it's
         a database primary key and let SQLAlchemy sort things out. Otherwise,
         fall back to resolving it using `callback` (if specified); this could
         e.g. be a function that looks up instances by name (though that won't
         work if the name begins with a digit). Otherwise, raise Exception.
         """
 
         if value is None:
             return None
         if isinstance(value, cls):
             return value
         if isinstance(value, int):
             return cls.get(value)
         if isinstance(value, str) and value.isdigit():
             return cls.get(int(value))
         if callback is not None:
             return callback(value)
 
         raise Exception(
             'given object must be int, long or Instance of %s '
             'got %s, no callback provided' % (cls, type(value))
         )
 
     @classmethod
     def get_or_404(cls, id_):
         try:
             id_ = int(id_)
         except (TypeError, ValueError):
             raise HTTPNotFound
 
         res = cls.query().get(id_)
         if res is None:
             raise HTTPNotFound
         return res
 
     @classmethod
     def delete(cls, id_):
         obj = cls.query().get(id_)
         Session().delete(obj)
 
     def __repr__(self):
         return '<DB:%s>' % (self.__class__.__name__)
 
 
 _table_args_default_dict = {'extend_existing': True,
                             'mysql_engine': 'InnoDB',
-                            'mysql_charset': 'utf8',
+                            'mysql_charset': 'utf8mb4',
                             'sqlite_autoincrement': True,
                            }
 
 class Setting(Base, BaseDbModel):
     __tablename__ = 'settings'
     __table_args__ = (
         _table_args_default_dict,
     )
 
     SETTINGS_TYPES = {
         'str': safe_bytes,
         'int': safe_int,
         'unicode': safe_str,
         'bool': asbool,
         'list': functools.partial(aslist, sep=',')
     }
     DEFAULT_UPDATE_URL = ''
 
     app_settings_id = Column(Integer(), primary_key=True)
     app_settings_name = Column(String(255), nullable=False, unique=True)
     _app_settings_value = Column("app_settings_value", Unicode(4096), nullable=False)
     _app_settings_type = Column("app_settings_type", String(255), nullable=True) # FIXME: not nullable?
 
     def __init__(self, key='', val='', type='unicode'):
         self.app_settings_name = key
         self.app_settings_value = val
         self.app_settings_type = type
 
     @validates('_app_settings_value')
     def validate_settings_value(self, key, val):
         assert isinstance(val, str)
         return val
 
     @hybrid_property
     def app_settings_value(self):
         v = self._app_settings_value
         _type = self.app_settings_type
         converter = self.SETTINGS_TYPES.get(_type) or self.SETTINGS_TYPES['unicode']
         return converter(v)
 
     @app_settings_value.setter
     def app_settings_value(self, val):
         """
         Setter that will always make sure we use str in app_settings_value
         """
         self._app_settings_value = safe_str(val)
 
     @hybrid_property
     def app_settings_type(self):
         return self._app_settings_type
 
     @app_settings_type.setter
     def app_settings_type(self, val):
         if val not in self.SETTINGS_TYPES:
             raise Exception('type must be one of %s got %s'
                             % (list(self.SETTINGS_TYPES), val))
         self._app_settings_type = val
 
     def __repr__(self):
         return "<%s %s.%s=%r>" % (
             self.__class__.__name__,
             self.app_settings_name, self.app_settings_type, self.app_settings_value
         )
 
     @classmethod
     def get_by_name(cls, key):
         return cls.query() \
             .filter(cls.app_settings_name == key).scalar()
 
     @classmethod
     def get_by_name_or_create(cls, key, val='', type='unicode'):
         res = cls.get_by_name(key)
         if res is None:
             res = cls(key, val, type)
         return res
 
     @classmethod
     def create_or_update(cls, key, val=Optional(''), type=Optional('unicode')):
         """
         Creates or updates Kallithea setting. If updates are triggered, it will only
         update parameters that are explicitly set. Optional instance will be skipped.
 
         :param key:
         :param val:
         :param type:
         :return:
         """
         res = cls.get_by_name(key)
         if res is None:
             val = Optional.extract(val)
             type = Optional.extract(type)
             res = cls(key, val, type)
             Session().add(res)
         else:
             res.app_settings_name = key
             if not isinstance(val, Optional):
                 # update if set
                 res.app_settings_value = val
             if not isinstance(type, Optional):
                 # update if set
                 res.app_settings_type = type
         return res
 
     @classmethod
     def get_app_settings(cls):
 
         ret = cls.query()
         if ret is None:
             raise Exception('Could not get application settings !')
         settings = {}
         for each in ret:
             settings[each.app_settings_name] = \
                 each.app_settings_value
 
         return settings
 
     @classmethod
     def get_auth_settings(cls):
         ret = cls.query() \
                 .filter(cls.app_settings_name.startswith('auth_')).all()
         fd = {}
         for row in ret:
             fd[row.app_settings_name] = row.app_settings_value
         return fd
 
     @classmethod
     def get_default_repo_settings(cls, strip_prefix=False):
         ret = cls.query() \
                 .filter(cls.app_settings_name.startswith('default_')).all()
         fd = {}
         for row in ret:
             key = row.app_settings_name
             if strip_prefix:
                 key = remove_prefix(key, prefix='default_')
             fd.update({key: row.app_settings_value})
 
         return fd
 
     @classmethod
     def get_server_info(cls):
         import pkg_resources
         import platform
         from kallithea.lib.utils import check_git_version
         mods = [(p.project_name, p.version) for p in pkg_resources.working_set]
         info = {
             'modules': sorted(mods, key=lambda k: k[0].lower()),
             'py_version': platform.python_version(),
             'platform': platform.platform(),
             'kallithea_version': kallithea.__version__,
             'git_version': str(check_git_version()),
             'git_path': kallithea.CONFIG.get('git_path')
         }
         return info
 
 
 class Ui(Base, BaseDbModel):
     __tablename__ = 'ui'
     __table_args__ = (
         Index('ui_ui_section_ui_key_idx', 'ui_section', 'ui_key'),
         UniqueConstraint('ui_section', 'ui_key'),
         _table_args_default_dict,
     )
 
     HOOK_UPDATE = 'changegroup.update'
     HOOK_REPO_SIZE = 'changegroup.repo_size'
 
     ui_id = Column(Integer(), primary_key=True)
     ui_section = Column(String(255), nullable=False)
     ui_key = Column(String(255), nullable=False)
     ui_value = Column(String(255), nullable=True) # FIXME: not nullable?
     ui_active = Column(Boolean(), nullable=False, default=True)
 
     @classmethod
     def get_by_key(cls, section, key):
         """ Return specified Ui object, or None if not found. """
         return cls.query().filter_by(ui_section=section, ui_key=key).scalar()
 
     @classmethod
     def get_or_create(cls, section, key):
         """ Return specified Ui object, creating it if necessary. """
         setting = cls.get_by_key(section, key)
         if setting is None:
             setting = cls(ui_section=section, ui_key=key)
             Session().add(setting)
         return setting
 
     @classmethod
     def get_builtin_hooks(cls):
         q = cls.query()
         q = q.filter(cls.ui_key.in_([cls.HOOK_UPDATE, cls.HOOK_REPO_SIZE]))
         q = q.filter(cls.ui_section == 'hooks')
         q = q.order_by(cls.ui_section, cls.ui_key)
         return q.all()
 
     @classmethod
     def get_custom_hooks(cls):
         q = cls.query()
         q = q.filter(~cls.ui_key.in_([cls.HOOK_UPDATE, cls.HOOK_REPO_SIZE]))
         q = q.filter(cls.ui_section == 'hooks')
         q = q.order_by(cls.ui_section, cls.ui_key)
         return q.all()
 
     @classmethod
     def get_repos_location(cls):
         return cls.get_by_key('paths', '/').ui_value
 
     @classmethod
     def create_or_update_hook(cls, key, val):
         new_ui = cls.get_or_create('hooks', key)
         new_ui.ui_active = True
         new_ui.ui_value = val
 
     def __repr__(self):
         return '<%s %s.%s=%r>' % (
             self.__class__.__name__,
             self.ui_section, self.ui_key, self.ui_value)
 
 
 class User(Base, BaseDbModel):
     __tablename__ = 'users'
     __table_args__ = (
         Index('u_username_idx', 'username'),
         Index('u_email_idx', 'email'),
         _table_args_default_dict,
     )
 
     DEFAULT_USER_NAME = 'default'
     DEFAULT_GRAVATAR_URL = 'https://secure.gravatar.com/avatar/{md5email}?d=identicon&s={size}'
     # The name of the default auth type in extern_type, 'internal' lives in auth_internal.py
     DEFAULT_AUTH_TYPE = 'internal'
 
     user_id = Column(Integer(), primary_key=True)
     username = Column(String(255), nullable=False, unique=True)
     password = Column(String(255), nullable=False)
     active = Column(Boolean(), nullable=False, default=True)
     admin = Column(Boolean(), nullable=False, default=False)
     name = Column("firstname", Unicode(255), nullable=False)
     lastname = Column(Unicode(255), nullable=False)
     _email = Column("email", String(255), nullable=True, unique=True) # FIXME: not nullable?
     last_login = Column(DateTime(timezone=False), nullable=True)
     extern_type = Column(String(255), nullable=True) # FIXME: not nullable?
     extern_name = Column(String(255), nullable=True) # FIXME: not nullable?
     api_key = Column(String(255), nullable=False)
     created_on = Column(DateTime(timezone=False), nullable=False, default=datetime.datetime.now)
     _user_data = Column("user_data", LargeBinary(), nullable=True)  # JSON data # FIXME: not nullable?
 
     user_log = relationship('UserLog')
     user_perms = relationship('UserToPerm', primaryjoin="User.user_id==UserToPerm.user_id", cascade='all')
 
     repositories = relationship('Repository')
     repo_groups = relationship('RepoGroup')
     user_groups = relationship('UserGroup')
     user_followers = relationship('UserFollowing', primaryjoin='UserFollowing.follows_user_id==User.user_id', cascade='all')
     followings = relationship('UserFollowing', primaryjoin='UserFollowing.user_id==User.user_id', cascade='all')
 
     repo_to_perm = relationship('UserRepoToPerm', primaryjoin='UserRepoToPerm.user_id==User.user_id', cascade='all')
     repo_group_to_perm = relationship('UserRepoGroupToPerm', primaryjoin='UserRepoGroupToPerm.user_id==User.user_id', cascade='all')
 
     group_member = relationship('UserGroupMember', cascade='all')
 
     # comments created by this user
     user_comments = relationship('ChangesetComment', cascade='all')
     # extra emails for this user
     user_emails = relationship('UserEmailMap', cascade='all')
     # extra API keys
     user_api_keys = relationship('UserApiKeys', cascade='all')
     ssh_keys = relationship('UserSshKeys', cascade='all')
 
     @hybrid_property
     def email(self):
         return self._email
 
     @email.setter
     def email(self, val):
         self._email = val.lower() if val else None
 
     @property
     def firstname(self):
         # alias for future
         return self.name
 
     @property
     def emails(self):
         other = UserEmailMap.query().filter(UserEmailMap.user == self).all()
         return [self.email] + [x.email for x in other]
 
     @property
     def api_keys(self):
         other = UserApiKeys.query().filter(UserApiKeys.user == self).all()
         return [self.api_key] + [x.api_key for x in other]
 
     @property
     def ip_addresses(self):
         ret = UserIpMap.query().filter(UserIpMap.user == self).all()
         return [x.ip_addr for x in ret]
 
     @property
     def full_name(self):
         return '%s %s' % (self.firstname, self.lastname)
 
     @property
     def full_name_or_username(self):
         """
         Show full name.
         If full name is not set, fall back to username.
         """
         return ('%s %s' % (self.firstname, self.lastname)
                 if (self.firstname and self.lastname) else self.username)
 
     @property
     def full_name_and_username(self):
         """
         Show full name and username as 'Firstname Lastname (username)'.
         If full name is not set, fall back to username.
         """
         return ('%s %s (%s)' % (self.firstname, self.lastname, self.username)
                 if (self.firstname and self.lastname) else self.username)
 
     @property
     def full_contact(self):
         return '%s %s <%s>' % (self.firstname, self.lastname, self.email)
 
     @property
     def short_contact(self):
         return '%s %s' % (self.firstname, self.lastname)
 
     @property
     def is_admin(self):
         return self.admin
 
     @hybrid_property
     def is_default_user(self):
         return self.username == User.DEFAULT_USER_NAME
 
     @hybrid_property
     def user_data(self):
         if not self._user_data:
             return {}
 
         try:
             return ext_json.loads(self._user_data)
         except TypeError:
             return {}
 
     @user_data.setter
     def user_data(self, val):
         try:
             self._user_data = ascii_bytes(ext_json.dumps(val))
         except Exception:
             log.error(traceback.format_exc())
 
     def __repr__(self):
         return "<%s %s: %r>" % (self.__class__.__name__, self.user_id, self.username)
 
     @classmethod
     def guess_instance(cls, value):
         return super(User, cls).guess_instance(value, User.get_by_username)
 
     @classmethod
     def get_or_404(cls, id_, allow_default=True):
         '''
         Overridden version of BaseDbModel.get_or_404, with an extra check on
         the default user.
         '''
         user = super(User, cls).get_or_404(id_)
         if not allow_default and user.is_default_user:
             raise DefaultUserException()
         return user
 
     @classmethod
     def get_by_username_or_email(cls, username_or_email, case_insensitive=True):
         """
         For anything that looks like an email address, look up by the email address (matching
         case insensitively).
         For anything else, try to look up by the user name.
 
         This assumes no normal username can have '@' symbol.
         """
         if '@' in username_or_email:
             return User.get_by_email(username_or_email)
         else:
             return User.get_by_username(username_or_email, case_insensitive=case_insensitive)
 
     @classmethod
     def get_by_username(cls, username, case_insensitive=False):
         if case_insensitive:
             q = cls.query().filter(sqlalchemy.func.lower(cls.username) == sqlalchemy.func.lower(username))
         else:
             q = cls.query().filter(cls.username == username)
         return q.scalar()
 
     @classmethod
     def get_by_api_key(cls, api_key, fallback=True):
         if len(api_key) != 40 or not api_key.isalnum():
             return None
 
         q = cls.query().filter(cls.api_key == api_key)
         res = q.scalar()
 
         if fallback and not res:
             # fallback to additional keys
             _res = UserApiKeys.query().filter_by(api_key=api_key, is_expired=False).first()
             if _res:
                 res = _res.user
         if res is None or not res.active or res.is_default_user:
             return None
         return res
 
     @classmethod
     def get_by_email(cls, email, cache=False):
         q = cls.query().filter(sqlalchemy.func.lower(cls.email) == sqlalchemy.func.lower(email))
         ret = q.scalar()
         if ret is None:
             q = UserEmailMap.query()
             # try fetching in alternate email map
             q = q.filter(sqlalchemy.func.lower(UserEmailMap.email) == sqlalchemy.func.lower(email))
             q = q.options(joinedload(UserEmailMap.user))
             ret = getattr(q.scalar(), 'user', None)
 
         return ret
 
     @classmethod
     def get_from_cs_author(cls, author):
         """
         Tries to get User objects out of commit author string
 
         :param author:
         """
         from kallithea.lib.helpers import email, author_name
         # Valid email in the attribute passed, see if they're in the system
         _email = email(author)
         if _email:
             user = cls.get_by_email(_email)
             if user is not None:
                 return user
         # Maybe we can match by username?
         _author = author_name(author)
         user = cls.get_by_username(_author, case_insensitive=True)
         if user is not None:
             return user
 
     def update_lastlogin(self):
         """Update user lastlogin"""
         self.last_login = datetime.datetime.now()
         log.debug('updated user %s lastlogin', self.username)
 
     @classmethod
     def get_first_admin(cls):
         user = User.query().filter(User.admin == True).first()
         if user is None:
             raise Exception('Missing administrative account!')
         return user
 
     @classmethod
     def get_default_user(cls):
         user = User.get_by_username(User.DEFAULT_USER_NAME)
         if user is None:
             raise Exception('Missing default account!')
         return user
 
     def get_api_data(self, details=False):
         """
         Common function for generating user related data for API
         """
         user = self
         data = dict(
             user_id=user.user_id,
             username=user.username,
             firstname=user.name,
             lastname=user.lastname,
             email=user.email,
             emails=user.emails,
             active=user.active,
             admin=user.admin,
         )
         if details:
             data.update(dict(
                 extern_type=user.extern_type,
                 extern_name=user.extern_name,
                 api_key=user.api_key,
                 api_keys=user.api_keys,
                 last_login=user.last_login,
                 ip_addresses=user.ip_addresses
                 ))
         return data
 
     def __json__(self):
         data = dict(
             full_name=self.full_name,
             full_name_or_username=self.full_name_or_username,
             short_contact=self.short_contact,
             full_contact=self.full_contact
         )
         data.update(self.get_api_data())
         return data
 
 
 class UserApiKeys(Base, BaseDbModel):
     __tablename__ = 'user_api_keys'
     __table_args__ = (
         Index('uak_api_key_idx', 'api_key'),
         Index('uak_api_key_expires_idx', 'api_key', 'expires'),
         _table_args_default_dict,
     )
 
     user_api_key_id = Column(Integer(), primary_key=True)
     user_id = Column(Integer(), ForeignKey('users.user_id'), nullable=False)
     api_key = Column(String(255), nullable=False, unique=True)
     description = Column(UnicodeText(), nullable=False)
     expires = Column(Float(53), nullable=False)
     created_on = Column(DateTime(timezone=False), nullable=False, default=datetime.datetime.now)
 
     user = relationship('User')
 
     @hybrid_property
     def is_expired(self):
         return (self.expires != -1) & (time.time() > self.expires)
 
 
 class UserEmailMap(Base, BaseDbModel):
     __tablename__ = 'user_email_map'
     __table_args__ = (
         Index('uem_email_idx', 'email'),
         _table_args_default_dict,
     )
 
     email_id = Column(Integer(), primary_key=True)
     user_id = Column(Integer(), ForeignKey('users.user_id'), nullable=False)
     _email = Column("email", String(255), nullable=False, unique=True)
     user = relationship('User')
 
     @validates('_email')
     def validate_email(self, key, email):
         # check if this email is not main one
         main_email = Session().query(User).filter(User.email == email).scalar()
         if main_email is not None:
             raise AttributeError('email %s is present is user table' % email)
         return email
 
     @hybrid_property
     def email(self):
         return self._email
 
     @email.setter
     def email(self, val):
         self._email = val.lower() if val else None
 
 
 class UserIpMap(Base, BaseDbModel):
     __tablename__ = 'user_ip_map'
     __table_args__ = (
         UniqueConstraint('user_id', 'ip_addr'),
         _table_args_default_dict,
     )
 
     ip_id = Column(Integer(), primary_key=True)
     user_id = Column(Integer(), ForeignKey('users.user_id'), nullable=False)
     ip_addr = Column(String(255), nullable=False)
     active = Column(Boolean(), nullable=False, default=True)
     user = relationship('User')
 
     @classmethod
     def _get_ip_range(cls, ip_addr):
         net = ipaddr.IPNetwork(address=ip_addr)
         return [str(net.network), str(net.broadcast)]
 
     def __json__(self):
         return dict(
           ip_addr=self.ip_addr,
           ip_range=self._get_ip_range(self.ip_addr)
         )
 
     def __repr__(self):
         return "<%s %s: %s>" % (self.__class__.__name__, self.user_id, self.ip_addr)
 
 
 class UserLog(Base, BaseDbModel):
     __tablename__ = 'user_logs'
     __table_args__ = (
         _table_args_default_dict,
     )
 
     user_log_id = Column(Integer(), primary_key=True)
     user_id = Column(Integer(), ForeignKey('users.user_id'), nullable=True)
     username = Column(String(255), nullable=False)
     repository_id = Column(Integer(), ForeignKey('repositories.repo_id'), nullable=True)
     repository_name = Column(Unicode(255), nullable=False)
     user_ip = Column(String(255), nullable=True)
     action = Column(UnicodeText(), nullable=False)
     action_date = Column(DateTime(timezone=False), nullable=False)
 
     def __repr__(self):
         return "<%s %r: %r>" % (self.__class__.__name__,
                                   self.repository_name,
                                   self.action)
 
     @property
     def action_as_day(self):
         return datetime.date(*self.action_date.timetuple()[:3])
 
     user = relationship('User')
     repository = relationship('Repository', cascade='')
 
 
 class UserGroup(Base, BaseDbModel):
     __tablename__ = 'users_groups'
     __table_args__ = (
         _table_args_default_dict,
     )
 
     users_group_id = Column(Integer(), primary_key=True)
     users_group_name = Column(Unicode(255), nullable=False, unique=True)
     user_group_description = Column(Unicode(10000), nullable=True) # FIXME: not nullable?
     users_group_active = Column(Boolean(), nullable=False)
     owner_id = Column('user_id', Integer(), ForeignKey('users.user_id'), nullable=False)
     created_on = Column(DateTime(timezone=False), nullable=False, default=datetime.datetime.now)
     _group_data = Column("group_data", LargeBinary(), nullable=True)  # JSON data # FIXME: not nullable?
 
     members = relationship('UserGroupMember', cascade="all, delete-orphan")
     users_group_to_perm = relationship('UserGroupToPerm', cascade='all')
     users_group_repo_to_perm = relationship('UserGroupRepoToPerm', cascade='all')
     users_group_repo_group_to_perm = relationship('UserGroupRepoGroupToPerm', cascade='all')
     user_user_group_to_perm = relationship('UserUserGroupToPerm', cascade='all')
     user_group_user_group_to_perm = relationship('UserGroupUserGroupToPerm', primaryjoin="UserGroupUserGroupToPerm.target_user_group_id==UserGroup.users_group_id", cascade='all')
 
     owner = relationship('User')
 
     @hybrid_property
     def group_data(self):
         if not self._group_data:
             return {}
 
         try:
             return ext_json.loads(self._group_data)
         except TypeError:
             return {}
 
     @group_data.setter
     def group_data(self, val):
         try:
             self._group_data = ascii_bytes(ext_json.dumps(val))
         except Exception:
             log.error(traceback.format_exc())
 
     def __repr__(self):
         return "<%s %s: %r>" % (self.__class__.__name__,
                                   self.users_group_id,
                                   self.users_group_name)
 
     @classmethod
     def guess_instance(cls, value):
         return super(UserGroup, cls).guess_instance(value, UserGroup.get_by_group_name)
 
     @classmethod
     def get_by_group_name(cls, group_name, case_insensitive=False):
         if case_insensitive:
             q = cls.query().filter(sqlalchemy.func.lower(cls.users_group_name) == sqlalchemy.func.lower(group_name))
         else:
             q = cls.query().filter(cls.users_group_name == group_name)
         return q.scalar()
 
     @classmethod
     def get(cls, user_group_id):
         user_group = cls.query()
         return user_group.get(user_group_id)
 
     def get_api_data(self, with_members=True):
         user_group = self
 
         data = dict(
             users_group_id=user_group.users_group_id,
             group_name=user_group.users_group_name,
             group_description=user_group.user_group_description,
             active=user_group.users_group_active,
             owner=user_group.owner.username,
         )
         if with_members:
             data['members'] = [
                 ugm.user.get_api_data()
                 for ugm in user_group.members
             ]
 
         return data
 
 
 class UserGroupMember(Base, BaseDbModel):
     __tablename__ = 'users_groups_members'
     __table_args__ = (
         _table_args_default_dict,
     )
 
     users_group_member_id = Column(Integer(), primary_key=True)
     users_group_id = Column(Integer(), ForeignKey('users_groups.users_group_id'), nullable=False)
     user_id = Column(Integer(), ForeignKey('users.user_id'), nullable=False)
 
     user = relationship('User')
     users_group = relationship('UserGroup')
 
     def __init__(self, gr_id='', u_id=''):
         self.users_group_id = gr_id
         self.user_id = u_id
 
 
 class RepositoryField(Base, BaseDbModel):
     __tablename__ = 'repositories_fields'
     __table_args__ = (
         UniqueConstraint('repository_id', 'field_key'),  # no-multi field
         _table_args_default_dict,
     )
 
     PREFIX = 'ex_'  # prefix used in form to not conflict with already existing fields
 
     repo_field_id = Column(Integer(), primary_key=True)
     repository_id = Column(Integer(), ForeignKey('repositories.repo_id'), nullable=False)
     field_key = Column(String(250), nullable=False)
     field_label = Column(String(1024), nullable=False)
     field_value = Column(String(10000), nullable=False)
     field_desc = Column(String(1024), nullable=False)
     field_type = Column(String(255), nullable=False)
     created_on = Column(DateTime(timezone=False), nullable=False, default=datetime.datetime.now)
 
     repository = relationship('Repository')
 
     @property
     def field_key_prefixed(self):
         return 'ex_%s' % self.field_key
 
     @classmethod
     def un_prefix_key(cls, key):
         if key.startswith(cls.PREFIX):
             return key[len(cls.PREFIX):]
         return key
 
     @classmethod
     def get_by_key_name(cls, key, repo):
         row = cls.query() \
                 .filter(cls.repository == repo) \
                 .filter(cls.field_key == key).scalar()
         return row
 
 
 class Repository(Base, BaseDbModel):
     __tablename__ = 'repositories'
     __table_args__ = (
         Index('r_repo_name_idx', 'repo_name'),
         _table_args_default_dict,
     )
 
     DEFAULT_CLONE_URI = '{scheme}://{user}@{netloc}/{repo}'
     DEFAULT_CLONE_SSH = 'ssh://{system_user}@{hostname}/{repo}'
 
     STATE_CREATED = 'repo_state_created'
     STATE_PENDING = 'repo_state_pending'
     STATE_ERROR = 'repo_state_error'
 
     repo_id = Column(Integer(), primary_key=True)
     repo_name = Column(Unicode(255), nullable=False, unique=True)
     repo_state = Column(String(255), nullable=False)
 
     clone_uri = Column(String(255), nullable=True) # FIXME: not nullable?
     repo_type = Column(String(255), nullable=False) # 'hg' or 'git'
     owner_id = Column('user_id', Integer(), ForeignKey('users.user_id'), nullable=False)
     private = Column(Boolean(), nullable=False)
     enable_statistics = Column("statistics", Boolean(), nullable=False, default=True)
     enable_downloads = Column("downloads", Boolean(), nullable=False, default=True)
     description = Column(Unicode(10000), nullable=False)
     created_on = Column(DateTime(timezone=False), nullable=False, default=datetime.datetime.now)
     updated_on = Column(DateTime(timezone=False), nullable=False, default=datetime.datetime.now)
     _landing_revision = Column("landing_revision", String(255), nullable=False)
     _changeset_cache = Column("changeset_cache", LargeBinary(), nullable=True) # JSON data # FIXME: not nullable?
 
     fork_id = Column(Integer(), ForeignKey('repositories.repo_id'), nullable=True)
     group_id = Column(Integer(), ForeignKey('groups.group_id'), nullable=True)
 
     owner = relationship('User')
     fork = relationship('Repository', remote_side=repo_id)
     group = relationship('RepoGroup')
     repo_to_perm = relationship('UserRepoToPerm', cascade='all', order_by='UserRepoToPerm.repo_to_perm_id')
     users_group_to_perm = relationship('UserGroupRepoToPerm', cascade='all')
     stats = relationship('Statistics', cascade='all', uselist=False)
 
     followers = relationship('UserFollowing',
                              primaryjoin='UserFollowing.follows_repository_id==Repository.repo_id',
                              cascade='all')
     extra_fields = relationship('RepositoryField',
                                 cascade="all, delete-orphan")
 
     logs = relationship('UserLog')
     comments = relationship('ChangesetComment', cascade="all, delete-orphan")
 
     pull_requests_org = relationship('PullRequest',
                     primaryjoin='PullRequest.org_repo_id==Repository.repo_id',
                     cascade="all, delete-orphan")
 
     pull_requests_other = relationship('PullRequest',
                     primaryjoin='PullRequest.other_repo_id==Repository.repo_id',
                     cascade="all, delete-orphan")
 
     def __repr__(self):
         return "<%s %s: %r>" % (self.__class__.__name__,
                                   self.repo_id, self.repo_name)
 
     @hybrid_property
     def landing_rev(self):
         # always should return [rev_type, rev]
         if self._landing_revision:
             _rev_info = self._landing_revision.split(':')
             if len(_rev_info) < 2:
                 _rev_info.insert(0, 'rev')
             return [_rev_info[0], _rev_info[1]]
         return [None, None]
 
     @landing_rev.setter
     def landing_rev(self, val):
         if ':' not in val:
             raise ValueError('value must be delimited with `:` and consist '
                              'of <rev_type>:<rev>, got %s instead' % val)
         self._landing_revision = val
 
     @hybrid_property
     def changeset_cache(self):
         try:
             cs_cache = ext_json.loads(self._changeset_cache) # might raise on bad data
             cs_cache['raw_id'] # verify data, raise exception on error
             return cs_cache
         except (TypeError, KeyError, ValueError):
             return EmptyChangeset().__json__()
 
     @changeset_cache.setter
     def changeset_cache(self, val):
         try:
             self._changeset_cache = ascii_bytes(ext_json.dumps(val))
         except Exception:
             log.error(traceback.format_exc())
 
     @classmethod
     def query(cls, sorted=False):
         """Add Repository-specific helpers for common query constructs.
 
         sorted: if True, apply the default ordering (name, case insensitive).
         """
         q = super(Repository, cls).query()
 
         if sorted:
             q = q.order_by(sqlalchemy.func.lower(Repository.repo_name))
 
         return q
 
     @classmethod
     def normalize_repo_name(cls, repo_name):
         """
         Normalizes os specific repo_name to the format internally stored inside
         database using URL_SEP
 
         :param cls:
         :param repo_name:
         """
         return URL_SEP.join(repo_name.split(os.sep))
 
     @classmethod
     def guess_instance(cls, value):
         return super(Repository, cls).guess_instance(value, Repository.get_by_repo_name)
 
     @classmethod
     def get_by_repo_name(cls, repo_name, case_insensitive=False):
         """Get the repo, defaulting to database case sensitivity.
         case_insensitive will be slower and should only be specified if necessary."""
         if case_insensitive:
             q = Session().query(cls).filter(sqlalchemy.func.lower(cls.repo_name) == sqlalchemy.func.lower(repo_name))
         else:
             q = Session().query(cls).filter(cls.repo_name == repo_name)
         q = q.options(joinedload(Repository.fork)) \
                 .options(joinedload(Repository.owner)) \
                 .options(joinedload(Repository.group))
         return q.scalar()
 
     @classmethod
     def get_by_full_path(cls, repo_full_path):
         base_full_path = os.path.realpath(kallithea.CONFIG['base_path'])
         repo_full_path = os.path.realpath(repo_full_path)
         assert repo_full_path.startswith(base_full_path + os.path.sep)
         repo_name = repo_full_path[len(base_full_path) + 1:]
         repo_name = cls.normalize_repo_name(repo_name)
         return cls.get_by_repo_name(repo_name.strip(URL_SEP))
 
     @classmethod
     def get_repo_forks(cls, repo_id):
         return cls.query().filter(Repository.fork_id == repo_id)
 
     @property
     def forks(self):
         """
         Return forks of this repo
         """
         return Repository.get_repo_forks(self.repo_id)
 
     @property
     def parent(self):
         """
         Returns fork parent
         """
         return self.fork
 
     @property
     def just_name(self):
         return self.repo_name.split(URL_SEP)[-1]
 
     @property
     def groups_with_parents(self):
         groups = []
         group = self.group
         while group is not None:
             groups.append(group)
             group = group.parent_group
             assert group not in groups, group # avoid recursion on bad db content
         groups.reverse()
         return groups
 
     @property
     def repo_full_path(self):
         """
         Returns base full path for the repository - where it actually
         exists on a filesystem.
         """
         p = [kallithea.CONFIG['base_path']]
         # we need to split the name by / since this is how we store the
         # names in the database, but that eventually needs to be converted
         # into a valid system path
         p += self.repo_name.split(URL_SEP)
         return os.path.join(*p)
 
     def get_new_name(self, repo_name):
         """
         returns new full repository name based on assigned group and new new
 
         :param group_name:
         """
         path_prefix = self.group.full_path_splitted if self.group else []
         return URL_SEP.join(path_prefix + [repo_name])
 
     @property
     def _ui(self):
         """
         Creates an db based ui object for this repository
         """
         from kallithea.lib.utils import make_ui
         return make_ui()
 
     @classmethod
     def is_valid(cls, repo_name):
         """
         returns True if given repo name is a valid filesystem repository
 
         :param cls:
         :param repo_name:
         """
         from kallithea.lib.utils import is_valid_repo
 
         return is_valid_repo(repo_name, kallithea.CONFIG['base_path'])
 
     def get_api_data(self, with_revision_names=False,
                            with_pullrequests=False):
         """
         Common function for generating repo api data.
         Optionally, also return tags, branches, bookmarks and PRs.
         """
         repo = self
         data = dict(
             repo_id=repo.repo_id,
             repo_name=repo.repo_name,
             repo_type=repo.repo_type,
             clone_uri=repo.clone_uri,
             private=repo.private,
             created_on=repo.created_on,
             description=repo.description,
             landing_rev=repo.landing_rev,
             owner=repo.owner.username,
             fork_of=repo.fork.repo_name if repo.fork else None,
             enable_statistics=repo.enable_statistics,
             enable_downloads=repo.enable_downloads,
             last_changeset=repo.changeset_cache,
         )
         if with_revision_names:
             scm_repo = repo.scm_instance_no_cache()
             data.update(dict(
                 tags=scm_repo.tags,
                 branches=scm_repo.branches,
                 bookmarks=scm_repo.bookmarks,
             ))
         if with_pullrequests:
             data['pull_requests'] = repo.pull_requests_other
         rc_config = Setting.get_app_settings()
         repository_fields = asbool(rc_config.get('repository_fields'))
         if repository_fields:
             for f in self.extra_fields:
                 data[f.field_key_prefixed] = f.field_value
 
         return data
 
     @property
     def last_db_change(self):
         return self.updated_on
 
     @property
     def clone_uri_hidden(self):
         clone_uri = self.clone_uri
         if clone_uri:
             import urlobject
             url_obj = urlobject.URLObject(self.clone_uri)
             if url_obj.password:
                 clone_uri = url_obj.with_password('*****')
         return clone_uri
 
     def clone_url(self, clone_uri_tmpl, with_id=False, username=None):
         if '{repo}' not in clone_uri_tmpl and '_{repoid}' not in clone_uri_tmpl:
             log.error("Configured clone_uri_tmpl %r has no '{repo}' or '_{repoid}' and cannot toggle to use repo id URLs", clone_uri_tmpl)
         elif with_id:
             clone_uri_tmpl = clone_uri_tmpl.replace('{repo}', '_{repoid}')
         else:
             clone_uri_tmpl = clone_uri_tmpl.replace('_{repoid}', '{repo}')
 
         import kallithea.lib.helpers as h
         prefix_url = h.canonical_url('home')
 
         return get_clone_url(clone_uri_tmpl=clone_uri_tmpl,
                              prefix_url=prefix_url,
                              repo_name=self.repo_name,
                              repo_id=self.repo_id,
                              username=username)
 
     def set_state(self, state):
         self.repo_state = state
 
     #==========================================================================
     # SCM PROPERTIES
     #==========================================================================
 
     def get_changeset(self, rev=None):
         return get_changeset_safe(self.scm_instance, rev)
 
     def get_landing_changeset(self):
         """
         Returns landing changeset, or if that doesn't exist returns the tip
         """
         _rev_type, _rev = self.landing_rev
         cs = self.get_changeset(_rev)
         if isinstance(cs, EmptyChangeset):
             return self.get_changeset()
         return cs
 
     def update_changeset_cache(self, cs_cache=None):
         """
         Update cache of last changeset for repository, keys should be::
 
             short_id
             raw_id
             revision
             message
             date
             author
 
         :param cs_cache:
         """
         from kallithea.lib.vcs.backends.base import BaseChangeset
         if cs_cache is None:
             cs_cache = EmptyChangeset()
             # use no-cache version here
             scm_repo = self.scm_instance_no_cache()
             if scm_repo:
                 cs_cache = scm_repo.get_changeset()
 
         if isinstance(cs_cache, BaseChangeset):
             cs_cache = cs_cache.__json__()
 
         if (not self.changeset_cache or cs_cache['raw_id'] != self.changeset_cache['raw_id']):
             _default = datetime.datetime.fromtimestamp(0)
             last_change = cs_cache.get('date') or _default
             log.debug('updated repo %s with new cs cache %s',
                       self.repo_name, cs_cache)
             self.updated_on = last_change
             self.changeset_cache = cs_cache
             Session().commit()
         else:
             log.debug('changeset_cache for %s already up to date with %s',
                       self.repo_name, cs_cache['raw_id'])
 
     @property
     def tip(self):
         return self.get_changeset('tip')
 
     @property
     def author(self):
         return self.tip.author
 
     @property
     def last_change(self):
         return self.scm_instance.last_change
 
     def get_comments(self, revisions=None):
         """
         Returns comments for this repository grouped by revisions
 
         :param revisions: filter query by revisions only
         """
         cmts = ChangesetComment.query() \
             .filter(ChangesetComment.repo == self)
         if revisions is not None:
             if not revisions:
                 return {} # don't use sql 'in' on empty set
             cmts = cmts.filter(ChangesetComment.revision.in_(revisions))
         grouped = collections.defaultdict(list)
         for cmt in cmts.all():
             grouped[cmt.revision].append(cmt)
         return grouped
 
     def statuses(self, revisions):
         """
         Returns statuses for this repository.
         PRs without any votes do _not_ show up as unreviewed.
 
         :param revisions: list of revisions to get statuses for
         """
         if not revisions:
             return {}
 
         statuses = ChangesetStatus.query() \
             .filter(ChangesetStatus.repo == self) \
             .filter(ChangesetStatus.version == 0) \
             .filter(ChangesetStatus.revision.in_(revisions))
 
         grouped = {}
         for stat in statuses.all():
             pr_id = pr_nice_id = pr_repo = None
             if stat.pull_request:
                 pr_id = stat.pull_request.pull_request_id
                 pr_nice_id = PullRequest.make_nice_id(pr_id)
                 pr_repo = stat.pull_request.other_repo.repo_name
             grouped[stat.revision] = [str(stat.status), stat.status_lbl,
                                       pr_id, pr_repo, pr_nice_id,
                                       stat.author]
         return grouped
 
     def _repo_size(self):
         from kallithea.lib import helpers as h
         log.debug('calculating repository size...')
         return h.format_byte_size(self.scm_instance.size)
 
     #==========================================================================
     # SCM CACHE INSTANCE
     #==========================================================================
 
     def set_invalidate(self):
         """
         Flush SA session caches of instances of on disk repo.
         """
         try:
             del self._scm_instance
         except AttributeError:
             pass
 
     _scm_instance = None  # caching inside lifetime of SA session
 
     @property
     def scm_instance(self):
         if self._scm_instance is None:
             return self.scm_instance_no_cache()  # will populate self._scm_instance
         return self._scm_instance
 
     def scm_instance_no_cache(self):
         repo_full_path = self.repo_full_path
         alias = get_scm(repo_full_path)[0]
         log.debug('Creating instance of %s repository from %s',
                   alias, self.repo_full_path)
         backend = get_backend(alias)
 
         if alias == 'hg':
             self._scm_instance = backend(repo_full_path, create=False, baseui=self._ui)
         else:
             self._scm_instance = backend(repo_full_path, create=False)
 
         return self._scm_instance
 
     def __json__(self):
         return dict(
             repo_id=self.repo_id,
             repo_name=self.repo_name,
             landing_rev=self.landing_rev,
         )
 
 
 class RepoGroup(Base, BaseDbModel):
     __tablename__ = 'groups'
     __table_args__ = (
         _table_args_default_dict,
     )
 
     SEP = ' &raquo; '
 
     group_id = Column(Integer(), primary_key=True)
     group_name = Column(Unicode(255), nullable=False, unique=True) # full path
     parent_group_id = Column('group_parent_id', Integer(), ForeignKey('groups.group_id'), nullable=True)
     group_description = Column(Unicode(10000), nullable=False)
     owner_id = Column('user_id', Integer(), ForeignKey('users.user_id'), nullable=False)
     created_on = Column(DateTime(timezone=False), nullable=False, default=datetime.datetime.now)
 
     repo_group_to_perm = relationship('UserRepoGroupToPerm', cascade='all', order_by='UserRepoGroupToPerm.group_to_perm_id')
     users_group_to_perm = relationship('UserGroupRepoGroupToPerm', cascade='all')
     parent_group = relationship('RepoGroup', remote_side=group_id)
     owner = relationship('User')
 
     @classmethod
     def query(cls, sorted=False):
         """Add RepoGroup-specific helpers for common query constructs.
 
         sorted: if True, apply the default ordering (name, case insensitive).
         """
         q = super(RepoGroup, cls).query()
 
         if sorted:
             q = q.order_by(sqlalchemy.func.lower(RepoGroup.group_name))
 
         return q
 
     def __init__(self, group_name='', parent_group=None):
         self.group_name = group_name
         self.parent_group = parent_group
 
     def __repr__(self):
         return "<%s %s: %s>" % (self.__class__.__name__,
                                 self.group_id, self.group_name)
 
     @classmethod
     def _generate_choice(cls, repo_group):
         """Return tuple with group_id and name as html literal"""
         from webhelpers2.html import literal
         if repo_group is None:
             return (-1, '-- %s --' % _('top level'))
         return repo_group.group_id, literal(cls.SEP.join(repo_group.full_path_splitted))
 
     @classmethod
     def groups_choices(cls, groups):
         """Return tuples with group_id and name as html literal."""
         return sorted((cls._generate_choice(g) for g in groups),
                       key=lambda c: c[1].split(cls.SEP))
 
     @classmethod
     def guess_instance(cls, value):
         return super(RepoGroup, cls).guess_instance(value, RepoGroup.get_by_group_name)
 
     @classmethod
     def get_by_group_name(cls, group_name, case_insensitive=False):
         group_name = group_name.rstrip('/')
         if case_insensitive:
             gr = cls.query() \
                 .filter(sqlalchemy.func.lower(cls.group_name) == sqlalchemy.func.lower(group_name))
         else:
             gr = cls.query() \
                 .filter(cls.group_name == group_name)
         return gr.scalar()
 
     @property
     def parents(self):
         groups = []
         group = self.parent_group
         while group is not None:
             groups.append(group)
             group = group.parent_group
             assert group not in groups, group # avoid recursion on bad db content
         groups.reverse()
         return groups
 
     @property
     def children(self):
         return RepoGroup.query().filter(RepoGroup.parent_group == self)
 
     @property
     def name(self):
         return self.group_name.split(URL_SEP)[-1]
 
     @property
     def full_path(self):
         return self.group_name
 
     @property
     def full_path_splitted(self):
         return self.group_name.split(URL_SEP)
 
     @property
     def repositories(self):
         return Repository.query(sorted=True).filter_by(group=self)
 
     @property
     def repositories_recursive_count(self):
         cnt = self.repositories.count()
 
         def children_count(group):
             cnt = 0
             for child in group.children:
                 cnt += child.repositories.count()
                 cnt += children_count(child)
             return cnt
 
         return cnt + children_count(self)
 
     def _recursive_objects(self, include_repos=True):
         all_ = []
 
         def _get_members(root_gr):
             if include_repos:
                 for r in root_gr.repositories:
                     all_.append(r)
             childs = root_gr.children.all()
             if childs:
                 for gr in childs:
                     all_.append(gr)
                     _get_members(gr)
 
         _get_members(self)
         return [self] + all_
 
     def recursive_groups_and_repos(self):
         """
         Recursive return all groups, with repositories in those groups
         """
         return self._recursive_objects()
 
     def recursive_groups(self):
         """
         Returns all children groups for this group including children of children
         """
         return self._recursive_objects(include_repos=False)
 
     def get_new_name(self, group_name):
         """
         returns new full group name based on parent and new name
 
         :param group_name:
         """
         path_prefix = (self.parent_group.full_path_splitted if
                        self.parent_group else [])
         return URL_SEP.join(path_prefix + [group_name])
 
     def get_api_data(self):
         """
         Common function for generating api data
 
         """
         group = self
         data = dict(
             group_id=group.group_id,
             group_name=group.group_name,
             group_description=group.group_description,
             parent_group=group.parent_group.group_name if group.parent_group else None,
             repositories=[x.repo_name for x in group.repositories],
             owner=group.owner.username
         )
         return data
 
 
 class Permission(Base, BaseDbModel):
     __tablename__ = 'permissions'
     __table_args__ = (
         Index('p_perm_name_idx', 'permission_name'),
         _table_args_default_dict,
     )
 
     PERMS = (
         ('hg.admin', _('Kallithea Administrator')),
 
         ('repository.none', _('Default user has no access to new repositories')),
         ('repository.read', _('Default user has read access to new repositories')),
         ('repository.write', _('Default user has write access to new repositories')),
         ('repository.admin', _('Default user has admin access to new repositories')),
 
         ('group.none', _('Default user has no access to new repository groups')),
         ('group.read', _('Default user has read access to new repository groups')),
         ('group.write', _('Default user has write access to new repository groups')),
         ('group.admin', _('Default user has admin access to new repository groups')),
 
         ('usergroup.none', _('Default user has no access to new user groups')),
         ('usergroup.read', _('Default user has read access to new user groups')),
         ('usergroup.write', _('Default user has write access to new user groups')),
         ('usergroup.admin', _('Default user has admin access to new user groups')),
 
         ('hg.usergroup.create.false', _('Only admins can create user groups')),
         ('hg.usergroup.create.true', _('Non-admins can create user groups')),
 
         ('hg.create.none', _('Only admins can create top level repositories')),
         ('hg.create.repository', _('Non-admins can create top level repositories')),
 
         ('hg.fork.none', _('Only admins can fork repositories')),
         ('hg.fork.repository', _('Non-admins can fork repositories')),
 
         ('hg.register.none', _('Registration disabled')),
         ('hg.register.manual_activate', _('User registration with manual account activation')),
         ('hg.register.auto_activate', _('User registration with automatic account activation')),
 
         ('hg.extern_activate.manual', _('Manual activation of external account')),
         ('hg.extern_activate.auto', _('Automatic activation of external account')),
     )
 
     # definition of system default permissions for DEFAULT user
     DEFAULT_USER_PERMISSIONS = (
         'repository.read',
         'group.read',
         'usergroup.read',
         'hg.create.repository',
         'hg.fork.repository',
         'hg.register.manual_activate',
         'hg.extern_activate.auto',
     )
 
     # defines which permissions are more important higher the more important
     # Weight defines which permissions are more important.
     # The higher number the more important.
     PERM_WEIGHTS = {
         'repository.none': 0,
         'repository.read': 1,
         'repository.write': 3,
         'repository.admin': 4,
 
         'group.none': 0,
         'group.read': 1,
         'group.write': 3,
         'group.admin': 4,
 
         'usergroup.none': 0,
         'usergroup.read': 1,
         'usergroup.write': 3,
         'usergroup.admin': 4,
 
         'hg.usergroup.create.false': 0,
         'hg.usergroup.create.true': 1,
 
         'hg.fork.none': 0,
         'hg.fork.repository': 1,
 
         'hg.create.none': 0,
         'hg.create.repository': 1,
 
         'hg.register.none': 0,
         'hg.register.manual_activate': 1,
         'hg.register.auto_activate': 2,
 
         'hg.extern_activate.manual': 0,
         'hg.extern_activate.auto': 1,
     }
 
     permission_id = Column(Integer(), primary_key=True)
     permission_name = Column(String(255), nullable=False)
 
     def __repr__(self):
         return "<%s %s: %r>" % (
             self.__class__.__name__, self.permission_id, self.permission_name
         )
 
     @classmethod
     def guess_instance(cls, value):
         return super(Permission, cls).guess_instance(value, Permission.get_by_key)
 
     @classmethod
     def get_by_key(cls, key):
         return cls.query().filter(cls.permission_name == key).scalar()
 
     @classmethod
     def get_default_perms(cls, default_user_id):
         q = Session().query(UserRepoToPerm) \
          .options(joinedload(UserRepoToPerm.repository)) \
          .options(joinedload(UserRepoToPerm.permission)) \
          .filter(UserRepoToPerm.user_id == default_user_id)
 
         return q.all()
 
     @classmethod
     def get_default_group_perms(cls, default_user_id):
         q = Session().query(UserRepoGroupToPerm) \
          .options(joinedload(UserRepoGroupToPerm.group)) \
          .options(joinedload(UserRepoGroupToPerm.permission)) \
          .filter(UserRepoGroupToPerm.user_id == default_user_id)
 
         return q.all()
 
     @classmethod
     def get_default_user_group_perms(cls, default_user_id):
         q = Session().query(UserUserGroupToPerm) \
          .options(joinedload(UserUserGroupToPerm.user_group)) \
          .options(joinedload(UserUserGroupToPerm.permission)) \
          .filter(UserUserGroupToPerm.user_id == default_user_id)
 
         return q.all()
 
 
 class UserRepoToPerm(Base, BaseDbModel):
     __tablename__ = 'repo_to_perm'
     __table_args__ = (
         UniqueConstraint('user_id', 'repository_id', 'permission_id'),
         _table_args_default_dict,
     )
 
     repo_to_perm_id = Column(Integer(), primary_key=True)
     user_id = Column(Integer(), ForeignKey('users.user_id'), nullable=False)
     permission_id = Column(Integer(), ForeignKey('permissions.permission_id'), nullable=False)
     repository_id = Column(Integer(), ForeignKey('repositories.repo_id'), nullable=False)
 
     user = relationship('User')
     repository = relationship('Repository')
     permission = relationship('Permission')
 
     @classmethod
     def create(cls, user, repository, permission):
         n = cls()
         n.user = user
         n.repository = repository
         n.permission = permission
         Session().add(n)
         return n
 
     def __repr__(self):
         return '<%s %s at %s: %s>' % (
             self.__class__.__name__, self.user, self.repository, self.permission)
 
 
 class UserUserGroupToPerm(Base, BaseDbModel):
     __tablename__ = 'user_user_group_to_perm'
     __table_args__ = (
         UniqueConstraint('user_id', 'user_group_id', 'permission_id'),
         _table_args_default_dict,
     )
 
     user_user_group_to_perm_id = Column(Integer(), primary_key=True)
     user_id = Column(Integer(), ForeignKey('users.user_id'), nullable=False)
     permission_id = Column(Integer(), ForeignKey('permissions.permission_id'), nullable=False)
     user_group_id = Column(Integer(), ForeignKey('users_groups.users_group_id'), nullable=False)
 
     user = relationship('User')
     user_group = relationship('UserGroup')
     permission = relationship('Permission')
 
     @classmethod
     def create(cls, user, user_group, permission):
         n = cls()
         n.user = user
         n.user_group = user_group
         n.permission = permission
         Session().add(n)
         return n
 
     def __repr__(self):
         return '<%s %s at %s: %s>' % (
             self.__class__.__name__, self.user, self.user_group, self.permission)
 
 
 class UserToPerm(Base, BaseDbModel):
     __tablename__ = 'user_to_perm'
     __table_args__ = (
         UniqueConstraint('user_id', 'permission_id'),
         _table_args_default_dict,
     )
 
     user_to_perm_id = Column(Integer(), primary_key=True)
     user_id = Column(Integer(), ForeignKey('users.user_id'), nullable=False)
     permission_id = Column(Integer(), ForeignKey('permissions.permission_id'), nullable=False)
 
     user = relationship('User')
     permission = relationship('Permission')
 
     def __repr__(self):
         return '<%s %s: %s>' % (
             self.__class__.__name__, self.user, self.permission)
 
 
 class UserGroupRepoToPerm(Base, BaseDbModel):
     __tablename__ = 'users_group_repo_to_perm'
     __table_args__ = (
         UniqueConstraint('repository_id', 'users_group_id', 'permission_id'),
         _table_args_default_dict,
     )
 
     users_group_to_perm_id = Column(Integer(), primary_key=True)
     users_group_id = Column(Integer(), ForeignKey('users_groups.users_group_id'), nullable=False)
     permission_id = Column(Integer(), ForeignKey('permissions.permission_id'), nullable=False)
     repository_id = Column(Integer(), ForeignKey('repositories.repo_id'), nullable=False)
 
     users_group = relationship('UserGroup')
     permission = relationship('Permission')
     repository = relationship('Repository')
 
     @classmethod
     def create(cls, users_group, repository, permission):
         n = cls()
         n.users_group = users_group
         n.repository = repository
         n.permission = permission
         Session().add(n)
         return n
 
     def __repr__(self):
         return '<%s %s at %s: %s>' % (
             self.__class__.__name__, self.users_group, self.repository, self.permission)
 
 
 class UserGroupUserGroupToPerm(Base, BaseDbModel):
     __tablename__ = 'user_group_user_group_to_perm'
     __table_args__ = (
         UniqueConstraint('target_user_group_id', 'user_group_id', 'permission_id'),
         _table_args_default_dict,
     )
 
     user_group_user_group_to_perm_id = Column(Integer(), primary_key=True)
     target_user_group_id = Column(Integer(), ForeignKey('users_groups.users_group_id'), nullable=False)
     permission_id = Column(Integer(), ForeignKey('permissions.permission_id'), nullable=False)
     user_group_id = Column(Integer(), ForeignKey('users_groups.users_group_id'), nullable=False)
 
     target_user_group = relationship('UserGroup', primaryjoin='UserGroupUserGroupToPerm.target_user_group_id==UserGroup.users_group_id')
     user_group = relationship('UserGroup', primaryjoin='UserGroupUserGroupToPerm.user_group_id==UserGroup.users_group_id')
     permission = relationship('Permission')
 
     @classmethod
     def create(cls, target_user_group, user_group, permission):
         n = cls()
         n.target_user_group = target_user_group
         n.user_group = user_group
         n.permission = permission
         Session().add(n)
         return n
 
     def __repr__(self):
         return '<%s %s at %s: %s>' % (
             self.__class__.__name__, self.user_group, self.target_user_group, self.permission)
 
 
 class UserGroupToPerm(Base, BaseDbModel):
     __tablename__ = 'users_group_to_perm'
     __table_args__ = (
         UniqueConstraint('users_group_id', 'permission_id',),
         _table_args_default_dict,
     )
 
     users_group_to_perm_id = Column(Integer(), primary_key=True)
     users_group_id = Column(Integer(), ForeignKey('users_groups.users_group_id'), nullable=False)
     permission_id = Column(Integer(), ForeignKey('permissions.permission_id'), nullable=False)
 
     users_group = relationship('UserGroup')
     permission = relationship('Permission')
 
 
 class UserRepoGroupToPerm(Base, BaseDbModel):
     __tablename__ = 'user_repo_group_to_perm'
     __table_args__ = (
         UniqueConstraint('user_id', 'group_id', 'permission_id'),
         _table_args_default_dict,
     )
 
     group_to_perm_id = Column(Integer(), primary_key=True)
     user_id = Column(Integer(), ForeignKey('users.user_id'), nullable=False)
     group_id = Column(Integer(), ForeignKey('groups.group_id'), nullable=False)
     permission_id = Column(Integer(), ForeignKey('permissions.permission_id'), nullable=False)
 
     user = relationship('User')
     group = relationship('RepoGroup')
     permission = relationship('Permission')
 
     @classmethod
     def create(cls, user, repository_group, permission):
         n = cls()
         n.user = user
         n.group = repository_group
         n.permission = permission
         Session().add(n)
         return n
 
 
 class UserGroupRepoGroupToPerm(Base, BaseDbModel):
     __tablename__ = 'users_group_repo_group_to_perm'
     __table_args__ = (
         UniqueConstraint('users_group_id', 'group_id'),
         _table_args_default_dict,
     )
 
     users_group_repo_group_to_perm_id = Column(Integer(), primary_key=True)
     users_group_id = Column(Integer(), ForeignKey('users_groups.users_group_id'), nullable=False)
     group_id = Column(Integer(), ForeignKey('groups.group_id'), nullable=False)
     permission_id = Column(Integer(), ForeignKey('permissions.permission_id'), nullable=False)
 
     users_group = relationship('UserGroup')
     permission = relationship('Permission')
     group = relationship('RepoGroup')
 
     @classmethod
     def create(cls, user_group, repository_group, permission):
         n = cls()
         n.users_group = user_group
         n.group = repository_group
         n.permission = permission
         Session().add(n)
         return n
 
 
 class Statistics(Base, BaseDbModel):
     __tablename__ = 'statistics'
     __table_args__ = (
          _table_args_default_dict,
     )
 
     stat_id = Column(Integer(), primary_key=True)
     repository_id = Column(Integer(), ForeignKey('repositories.repo_id'), nullable=False, unique=True)
     stat_on_revision = Column(Integer(), nullable=False)
     commit_activity = Column(LargeBinary(1000000), nullable=False) # JSON data
     commit_activity_combined = Column(LargeBinary(), nullable=False) # JSON data
     languages = Column(LargeBinary(1000000), nullable=False) # JSON data
 
     repository = relationship('Repository', single_parent=True)
 
 
 class UserFollowing(Base, BaseDbModel):
     __tablename__ = 'user_followings'
     __table_args__ = (
         UniqueConstraint('user_id', 'follows_repository_id', name='uq_user_followings_user_repo'),
         UniqueConstraint('user_id', 'follows_user_id', name='uq_user_followings_user_user'),
         _table_args_default_dict,
     )
 
     user_following_id = Column(Integer(), primary_key=True)
     user_id = Column(Integer(), ForeignKey('users.user_id'), nullable=False)
     follows_repository_id = Column(Integer(), ForeignKey('repositories.repo_id'), nullable=True)
     follows_user_id = Column(Integer(), ForeignKey('users.user_id'), nullable=True)
     follows_from = Column(DateTime(timezone=False), nullable=False, default=datetime.datetime.now)
 
     user = relationship('User', primaryjoin='User.user_id==UserFollowing.user_id')
 
     follows_user = relationship('User', primaryjoin='User.user_id==UserFollowing.follows_user_id')
     follows_repository = relationship('Repository', order_by=lambda: sqlalchemy.func.lower(Repository.repo_name))
 
     @classmethod
     def get_repo_followers(cls, repo_id):
         return cls.query().filter(cls.follows_repository_id == repo_id)
 
 
 class ChangesetComment(Base, BaseDbModel):
     __tablename__ = 'changeset_comments'
     __table_args__ = (
         Index('cc_revision_idx', 'revision'),
         Index('cc_pull_request_id_idx', 'pull_request_id'),
         _table_args_default_dict,
     )
 
     comment_id = Column(Integer(), primary_key=True)
     repo_id = Column(Integer(), ForeignKey('repositories.repo_id'), nullable=False)
     revision = Column(String(40), nullable=True)
     pull_request_id = Column(Integer(), ForeignKey('pull_requests.pull_request_id'), nullable=True)
     line_no = Column(Unicode(10), nullable=True)
     f_path = Column(Unicode(1000), nullable=True)
     author_id = Column('user_id', Integer(), ForeignKey('users.user_id'), nullable=False)
     text = Column(UnicodeText(), nullable=False)
     created_on = Column(DateTime(timezone=False), nullable=False, default=datetime.datetime.now)
     modified_at = Column(DateTime(timezone=False), nullable=False, default=datetime.datetime.now)
 
     author = relationship('User')
     repo = relationship('Repository')
     # status_change is frequently used directly in templates - make it a lazy
     # join to avoid fetching each related ChangesetStatus on demand.
     # There will only be one ChangesetStatus referencing each comment so the join will not explode.
     status_change = relationship('ChangesetStatus',
                                  cascade="all, delete-orphan", lazy='joined')
     pull_request = relationship('PullRequest')
 
     def url(self):
         anchor = "comment-%s" % self.comment_id
         import kallithea.lib.helpers as h
         if self.revision:
             return h.url('changeset_home', repo_name=self.repo.repo_name, revision=self.revision, anchor=anchor)
         elif self.pull_request_id is not None:
             return self.pull_request.url(anchor=anchor)
 
     def __json__(self):
         return dict(
             comment_id=self.comment_id,
             username=self.author.username,
             text=self.text,
         )
 
     def deletable(self):
         return self.created_on > datetime.datetime.now() - datetime.timedelta(minutes=5)
 
 
 class ChangesetStatus(Base, BaseDbModel):
     __tablename__ = 'changeset_statuses'
     __table_args__ = (
         Index('cs_revision_idx', 'revision'),
         Index('cs_version_idx', 'version'),
         Index('cs_pull_request_id_idx', 'pull_request_id'),
         Index('cs_changeset_comment_id_idx', 'changeset_comment_id'),
         Index('cs_pull_request_id_user_id_version_idx', 'pull_request_id', 'user_id', 'version'),
         Index('cs_repo_id_pull_request_id_idx', 'repo_id', 'pull_request_id'),
         UniqueConstraint('repo_id', 'revision', 'version'),
         _table_args_default_dict,
     )
 
     STATUS_NOT_REVIEWED = DEFAULT = 'not_reviewed'
     STATUS_APPROVED = 'approved'
     STATUS_REJECTED = 'rejected' # is shown as "Not approved" - TODO: change database content / scheme
     STATUS_UNDER_REVIEW = 'under_review'
 
     STATUSES = [
         (STATUS_NOT_REVIEWED, _("Not reviewed")),  # (no icon) and default
         (STATUS_UNDER_REVIEW, _("Under review")),
         (STATUS_REJECTED, _("Not approved")),
         (STATUS_APPROVED, _("Approved")),
     ]
     STATUSES_DICT = dict(STATUSES)
 
     changeset_status_id = Column(Integer(), primary_key=True)
     repo_id = Column(Integer(), ForeignKey('repositories.repo_id'), nullable=False)
     user_id = Column(Integer(), ForeignKey('users.user_id'), nullable=False)
     revision = Column(String(40), nullable=True)
     status = Column(String(128), nullable=False, default=DEFAULT)
     comment_id = Column('changeset_comment_id', Integer(), ForeignKey('changeset_comments.comment_id'), nullable=False)
     modified_at = Column(DateTime(), nullable=False, default=datetime.datetime.now)
     version = Column(Integer(), nullable=False, default=0)
     pull_request_id = Column(Integer(), ForeignKey('pull_requests.pull_request_id'), nullable=True)
 
     author = relationship('User')
     repo = relationship('Repository')
     comment = relationship('ChangesetComment')
     pull_request = relationship('PullRequest')
 
     def __repr__(self):
         return "<%s %r by %r>" % (
             self.__class__.__name__,
             self.status, self.author
         )
 
     @classmethod
     def get_status_lbl(cls, value):
         return cls.STATUSES_DICT.get(value)
 
     @property
     def status_lbl(self):
         return ChangesetStatus.get_status_lbl(self.status)
 
     def __json__(self):
         return dict(
             status=self.status,
             modified_at=self.modified_at.replace(microsecond=0),
             reviewer=self.author.username,
             )
 
 
 class PullRequest(Base, BaseDbModel):
     __tablename__ = 'pull_requests'
     __table_args__ = (
         Index('pr_org_repo_id_idx', 'org_repo_id'),
         Index('pr_other_repo_id_idx', 'other_repo_id'),
         _table_args_default_dict,
     )
 
     # values for .status
     STATUS_NEW = 'new'
     STATUS_CLOSED = 'closed'
 
     pull_request_id = Column(Integer(), primary_key=True)
     title = Column(Unicode(255), nullable=False)
     description = Column(UnicodeText(), nullable=False)
     status = Column(Unicode(255), nullable=False, default=STATUS_NEW) # only for closedness, not approve/reject/etc
     created_on = Column(DateTime(timezone=False), nullable=False, default=datetime.datetime.now)
     updated_on = Column(DateTime(timezone=False), nullable=False, default=datetime.datetime.now)
     owner_id = Column('user_id', Integer(), ForeignKey('users.user_id'), nullable=False)
     _revisions = Column('revisions', UnicodeText(), nullable=False)
     org_repo_id = Column(Integer(), ForeignKey('repositories.repo_id'), nullable=False)
     org_ref = Column(Unicode(255), nullable=False)
     other_repo_id = Column(Integer(), ForeignKey('repositories.repo_id'), nullable=False)
     other_ref = Column(Unicode(255), nullable=False)
 
     @hybrid_property
     def revisions(self):
         return self._revisions.split(':')
 
     @revisions.setter
     def revisions(self, val):
         self._revisions = ':'.join(val)
 
     @property
     def org_ref_parts(self):
         return self.org_ref.split(':')
 
     @property
     def other_ref_parts(self):
         return self.other_ref.split(':')
 
     owner = relationship('User')
     reviewers = relationship('PullRequestReviewer',
                              cascade="all, delete-orphan")
     org_repo = relationship('Repository', primaryjoin='PullRequest.org_repo_id==Repository.repo_id')
     other_repo = relationship('Repository', primaryjoin='PullRequest.other_repo_id==Repository.repo_id')
     statuses = relationship('ChangesetStatus', order_by='ChangesetStatus.changeset_status_id')
     comments = relationship('ChangesetComment', order_by='ChangesetComment.comment_id',
                              cascade="all, delete-orphan")
 
     @classmethod
     def query(cls, reviewer_id=None, include_closed=True, sorted=False):
         """Add PullRequest-specific helpers for common query constructs.
 
         reviewer_id: only PRs with the specified user added as reviewer.
 
         include_closed: if False, do not include closed PRs.
 
         sorted: if True, apply the default ordering (newest first).
         """
         q = super(PullRequest, cls).query()
 
         if reviewer_id is not None:
             q = q.join(PullRequestReviewer).filter(PullRequestReviewer.user_id == reviewer_id)
 
         if not include_closed:
             q = q.filter(PullRequest.status != PullRequest.STATUS_CLOSED)
 
         if sorted:
             q = q.order_by(PullRequest.created_on.desc())
 
         return q
 
     def get_reviewer_users(self):
         """Like .reviewers, but actually returning the users"""
         return User.query() \
             .join(PullRequestReviewer) \
             .filter(PullRequestReviewer.pull_request == self) \
             .order_by(PullRequestReviewer.pull_request_reviewers_id) \
             .all()
 
     def is_closed(self):
         return self.status == self.STATUS_CLOSED
 
     def user_review_status(self, user_id):
         """Return the user's latest status votes on PR"""
         # note: no filtering on repo - that would be redundant
         status = ChangesetStatus.query() \
             .filter(ChangesetStatus.pull_request == self) \
             .filter(ChangesetStatus.user_id == user_id) \
             .order_by(ChangesetStatus.version) \
             .first()
         return str(status.status) if status else ''
 
     @classmethod
     def make_nice_id(cls, pull_request_id):
         '''Return pull request id nicely formatted for displaying'''
         return '#%s' % pull_request_id
 
     def nice_id(self):
         '''Return the id of this pull request, nicely formatted for displaying'''
         return self.make_nice_id(self.pull_request_id)
 
     def get_api_data(self):
         return self.__json__()
 
     def __json__(self):
         clone_uri_tmpl = kallithea.CONFIG.get('clone_uri_tmpl') or Repository.DEFAULT_CLONE_URI
         return dict(
             pull_request_id=self.pull_request_id,
             url=self.url(),
             reviewers=self.reviewers,
             revisions=self.revisions,
             owner=self.owner.username,
             title=self.title,
             description=self.description,
             org_repo_url=self.org_repo.clone_url(clone_uri_tmpl=clone_uri_tmpl),
             org_ref_parts=self.org_ref_parts,
             other_ref_parts=self.other_ref_parts,
             status=self.status,
             comments=self.comments,
             statuses=self.statuses,
         )
 
     def url(self, **kwargs):
         canonical = kwargs.pop('canonical', None)
         import kallithea.lib.helpers as h
         b = self.org_ref_parts[1]
         if b != self.other_ref_parts[1]:
             s = '/_/' + b
         else:
             s = '/_/' + self.title
         kwargs['extra'] = urlreadable(s)
         if canonical:
             return h.canonical_url('pullrequest_show', repo_name=self.other_repo.repo_name,
                                    pull_request_id=self.pull_request_id, **kwargs)
         return h.url('pullrequest_show', repo_name=self.other_repo.repo_name,
                      pull_request_id=self.pull_request_id, **kwargs)
 
 
 class PullRequestReviewer(Base, BaseDbModel):
     __tablename__ = 'pull_request_reviewers'
     __table_args__ = (
         Index('pull_request_reviewers_user_id_idx', 'user_id'),
         _table_args_default_dict,
     )
 
     def __init__(self, user=None, pull_request=None):
         self.user = user
         self.pull_request = pull_request
 
     pull_request_reviewers_id = Column('pull_requests_reviewers_id', Integer(), primary_key=True)
     pull_request_id = Column(Integer(), ForeignKey('pull_requests.pull_request_id'), nullable=False)
     user_id = Column(Integer(), ForeignKey('users.user_id'), nullable=False)
 
     user = relationship('User')
     pull_request = relationship('PullRequest')
 
     def __json__(self):
         return dict(
             username=self.user.username if self.user else None,
         )
 
 
 class Notification(object):
     __tablename__ = 'notifications'
 
 class UserNotification(object):
     __tablename__ = 'user_to_notification'
 
 
 class Gist(Base, BaseDbModel):
     __tablename__ = 'gists'
     __table_args__ = (
         Index('g_gist_access_id_idx', 'gist_access_id'),
         Index('g_created_on_idx', 'created_on'),
         _table_args_default_dict,
     )
 
     GIST_PUBLIC = 'public'
     GIST_PRIVATE = 'private'
     DEFAULT_FILENAME = 'gistfile1.txt'
 
     gist_id = Column(Integer(), primary_key=True)
     gist_access_id = Column(Unicode(250), nullable=False)
     gist_description = Column(UnicodeText(), nullable=False)
     owner_id = Column('user_id', Integer(), ForeignKey('users.user_id'), nullable=False)
     gist_expires = Column(Float(53), nullable=False)
     gist_type = Column(Unicode(128), nullable=False)
     created_on = Column(DateTime(timezone=False), nullable=False, default=datetime.datetime.now)
     modified_at = Column(DateTime(timezone=False), nullable=False, default=datetime.datetime.now)
 
     owner = relationship('User')
 
     @hybrid_property
     def is_expired(self):
         return (self.gist_expires != -1) & (time.time() > self.gist_expires)
 
     def __repr__(self):
         return "<%s %s %s>" % (
             self.__class__.__name__,
             self.gist_type, self.gist_access_id)
 
     @classmethod
     def guess_instance(cls, value):
         return super(Gist, cls).guess_instance(value, Gist.get_by_access_id)
 
     @classmethod
     def get_or_404(cls, id_):
         res = cls.query().filter(cls.gist_access_id == id_).scalar()
         if res is None:
             raise HTTPNotFound
         return res
 
     @classmethod
     def get_by_access_id(cls, gist_access_id):
         return cls.query().filter(cls.gist_access_id == gist_access_id).scalar()
 
     def gist_url(self):
         alias_url = kallithea.CONFIG.get('gist_alias_url')
         if alias_url:
             return alias_url.replace('{gistid}', self.gist_access_id)
 
         import kallithea.lib.helpers as h
         return h.canonical_url('gist', gist_id=self.gist_access_id)
 
     def get_api_data(self):
         """
         Common function for generating gist related data for API
         """
         gist = self
         data = dict(
             gist_id=gist.gist_id,
             type=gist.gist_type,
             access_id=gist.gist_access_id,
             description=gist.gist_description,
             url=gist.gist_url(),
             expires=gist.gist_expires,
             created_on=gist.created_on,
         )
         return data
 
     def __json__(self):
         data = dict(
         )
         data.update(self.get_api_data())
         return data
 
     ## SCM functions
 
     @property
     def scm_instance(self):
         from kallithea.lib.vcs import get_repo
         from kallithea.model.gist import GIST_STORE_LOC
         gist_base_path = os.path.join(kallithea.CONFIG['base_path'], GIST_STORE_LOC)
         return get_repo(os.path.join(gist_base_path, self.gist_access_id))
 
 
 class UserSshKeys(Base, BaseDbModel):
     __tablename__ = 'user_ssh_keys'
     __table_args__ = (
         Index('usk_fingerprint_idx', 'fingerprint'),
         _table_args_default_dict
     )
     __mapper_args__ = {}
 
     user_ssh_key_id = Column(Integer(), primary_key=True)
     user_id = Column(Integer(), ForeignKey('users.user_id'), nullable=False)
     _public_key = Column('public_key', UnicodeText(), nullable=False)
     description = Column(UnicodeText(), nullable=False)
     fingerprint = Column(String(255), nullable=False, unique=True)
     created_on = Column(DateTime(timezone=False), nullable=False, default=datetime.datetime.now)
     last_seen = Column(DateTime(timezone=False), nullable=True)
 
     user = relationship('User')
 
     @property
     def public_key(self):
         return self._public_key
 
     @public_key.setter
     def public_key(self, full_key):
         # the full public key is too long to be suitable as database key - instead,
         # use fingerprints similar to 'ssh-keygen -E sha256 -lf ~/.ssh/id_rsa.pub'
         self._public_key = full_key
         enc_key = safe_bytes(full_key.split(" ")[1])
         self.fingerprint = base64.b64encode(hashlib.sha256(base64.b64decode(enc_key)).digest()).replace(b'\n', b'').rstrip(b'=').decode()