diff --git a/hgext/win32mbcs.py b/hgext/win32mbcs.py
--- a/hgext/win32mbcs.py
+++ b/hgext/win32mbcs.py
@@ -148,8 +148,8 @@ def wrapname(name, wrapper):
 # NOTE: os.path.dirname() and os.path.basename() are safe because
 #       they use result of os.path.split()
 funcs = '''os.path.join os.path.split os.path.splitext
- os.path.normpath os.makedirs
- mercurial.util.endswithsep mercurial.util.splitpath mercurial.util.checkcase
+ os.path.normpath os.makedirs mercurial.util.endswithsep
+ mercurial.util.splitpath mercurial.util.fscasesensitive
  mercurial.util.fspath mercurial.util.pconvert mercurial.util.normpath
  mercurial.util.checkwinfilename mercurial.util.checkosfilename
  mercurial.util.split'''
diff --git a/mercurial/commands.py b/mercurial/commands.py
--- a/mercurial/commands.py
+++ b/mercurial/commands.py
@@ -2449,7 +2449,7 @@ def debugfsinfo(ui, path="."):
     ui.write(('exec: %s\n') % (util.checkexec(path) and 'yes' or 'no'))
     ui.write(('symlink: %s\n') % (util.checklink(path) and 'yes' or 'no'))
     ui.write(('hardlink: %s\n') % (util.checknlink(path) and 'yes' or 'no'))
-    ui.write(('case-sensitive: %s\n') % (util.checkcase('.debugfsinfo')
+    ui.write(('case-sensitive: %s\n') % (util.fscasesensitive('.debugfsinfo')
                                 and 'yes' or 'no'))
     os.unlink('.debugfsinfo')
 
diff --git a/mercurial/context.py b/mercurial/context.py
--- a/mercurial/context.py
+++ b/mercurial/context.py
@@ -1501,7 +1501,7 @@ class workingctx(committablectx):
 
         # Only a case insensitive filesystem needs magic to translate user input
         # to actual case in the filesystem.
-        if not util.checkcase(r.root):
+        if not util.fscasesensitive(r.root):
             return matchmod.icasefsmatcher(r.root, r.getcwd(), pats, include,
                                            exclude, default, r.auditor, self,
                                            listsubrepos=listsubrepos,
diff --git a/mercurial/dirstate.py b/mercurial/dirstate.py
--- a/mercurial/dirstate.py
+++ b/mercurial/dirstate.py
@@ -227,7 +227,7 @@ class dirstate(object):
 
     @propertycache
     def _checkcase(self):
-        return not util.checkcase(self._join('.hg'))
+        return not util.fscasesensitive(self._join('.hg'))
 
     def _join(self, f):
         # much faster than os.path.join()
diff --git a/mercurial/merge.py b/mercurial/merge.py
--- a/mercurial/merge.py
+++ b/mercurial/merge.py
@@ -1586,7 +1586,7 @@ def update(repo, node, branchmerge, forc
                 actions[m] = []
             actions[m].append((f, args, msg))
 
-        if not util.checkcase(repo.path):
+        if not util.fscasesensitive(repo.path):
             # check collision between files only in p2 for clean update
             if (not branchmerge and
                 (force or not wc.dirty(missing=True, branch=False))):
diff --git a/mercurial/pathutil.py b/mercurial/pathutil.py
--- a/mercurial/pathutil.py
+++ b/mercurial/pathutil.py
@@ -40,7 +40,7 @@ class pathauditor(object):
         self.root = root
         self._realfs = realfs
         self.callback = callback
-        if os.path.lexists(root) and not util.checkcase(root):
+        if os.path.lexists(root) and not util.fscasesensitive(root):
             self.normcase = util.normcase
         else:
             self.normcase = lambda x: x
diff --git a/mercurial/util.py b/mercurial/util.py
--- a/mercurial/util.py
+++ b/mercurial/util.py
@@ -1213,7 +1213,7 @@ def fstat(fp):
 
 # File system features
 
-def checkcase(path):
+def fscasesensitive(path):
     """
     Return true if the given path is on a case-sensitive filesystem