dispatch: do not close stdout and stderr, just flush() instead

Since 3a4c0905f357 "util: always force line buffered stdout when stdout is
a tty", we have two file objects attached to the same STDOUT_FILENO. If one
is closed, the underlying file descriptor is also closed, and writing to
the other file object would crash the Python interpreter in a hard way, at
least on Windows.

So, it seems safer to not close the standard streams. This also matches
the behavior of the default sys.stdout/stderr.close(), which never close
the FILE* streams in C layer.

https://hg.python.org/cpython/file/v2.7.13/Python/sysmodule.c#l1401

mercurial/dispatch.py

@@ -1,1008 +1,1008 b''
 # dispatch.py - command dispatching for mercurial
 #
 # Copyright 2005-2007 Matt Mackall <[e-mail]>
 #
 # This software may be used and distributed according to the terms of the
 # GNU General Public License version 2 or any later version.
 
 from __future__ import absolute_import, print_function
 
 import difflib
 import errno
 import getopt
 import os
 import pdb
 import re
 import signal
 import sys
 import time
 import traceback
 
 
 from .i18n import _
 
 from . import (
     cmdutil,
     color,
     commands,
     demandimport,
     encoding,
     error,
     extensions,
     fancyopts,
     fileset,
     help,
     hg,
     hook,
     profiling,
     pycompat,
     revset,
     scmutil,
     templatefilters,
     templatekw,
     templater,
     ui as uimod,
     util,
 )
 
 class request(object):
     def __init__(self, args, ui=None, repo=None, fin=None, fout=None,
                  ferr=None, prereposetups=None):
         self.args = args
         self.ui = ui
         self.repo = repo
 
         # input/output/error streams
         self.fin = fin
         self.fout = fout
         self.ferr = ferr
 
         # reposetups which run before extensions, useful for chg to pre-fill
         # low-level repo state (for example, changelog) before extensions.
         self.prereposetups = prereposetups or []
 
     def _runexithandlers(self):
         exc = None
         handlers = self.ui._exithandlers
         try:
             while handlers:
                 func, args, kwargs = handlers.pop()
                 try:
                     func(*args, **kwargs)
                 except: # re-raises below
                     if exc is None:
                         exc = sys.exc_info()[1]
                     self.ui.warn(('error in exit handlers:\n'))
                     self.ui.traceback(force=True)
         finally:
             if exc is not None:
                 raise exc
 
 def run():
     "run the command in sys.argv"
     req = request(pycompat.sysargv[1:])
     err = None
     try:
         status = (dispatch(req) or 0) & 255
     except error.StdioError as err:
         status = -1
     if util.safehasattr(req.ui, 'fout'):
         try:
-            req.ui.fout.close()
+            req.ui.fout.flush()
         except IOError as err:
             status = -1
     if util.safehasattr(req.ui, 'ferr'):
         if err is not None and err.errno != errno.EPIPE:
             req.ui.ferr.write('abort: %s\n' % err.strerror)
-        req.ui.ferr.close()
+        req.ui.ferr.flush()
     sys.exit(status & 255)
 
 def _getsimilar(symbols, value):
     sim = lambda x: difflib.SequenceMatcher(None, value, x).ratio()
     # The cutoff for similarity here is pretty arbitrary. It should
     # probably be investigated and tweaked.
     return [s for s in symbols if sim(s) > 0.6]
 
 def _reportsimilar(write, similar):
     if len(similar) == 1:
         write(_("(did you mean %s?)\n") % similar[0])
     elif similar:
         ss = ", ".join(sorted(similar))
         write(_("(did you mean one of %s?)\n") % ss)
 
 def _formatparse(write, inst):
     similar = []
     if isinstance(inst, error.UnknownIdentifier):
         # make sure to check fileset first, as revset can invoke fileset
         similar = _getsimilar(inst.symbols, inst.function)
     if len(inst.args) > 1:
         write(_("hg: parse error at %s: %s\n") %
                          (inst.args[1], inst.args[0]))
         if (inst.args[0][0] == ' '):
             write(_("unexpected leading whitespace\n"))
     else:
         write(_("hg: parse error: %s\n") % inst.args[0])
         _reportsimilar(write, similar)
     if inst.hint:
         write(_("(%s)\n") % inst.hint)
 
 def _formatargs(args):
     return ' '.join(util.shellquote(a) for a in args)
 
 def dispatch(req):
     "run the command specified in req.args"
     if req.ferr:
         ferr = req.ferr
     elif req.ui:
         ferr = req.ui.ferr
     else:
         ferr = util.stderr
 
     try:
         if not req.ui:
             req.ui = uimod.ui.load()
         if '--traceback' in req.args:
             req.ui.setconfig('ui', 'traceback', 'on', '--traceback')
 
         # set ui streams from the request
         if req.fin:
             req.ui.fin = req.fin
         if req.fout:
             req.ui.fout = req.fout
         if req.ferr:
             req.ui.ferr = req.ferr
     except error.Abort as inst:
         ferr.write(_("abort: %s\n") % inst)
         if inst.hint:
             ferr.write(_("(%s)\n") % inst.hint)
         return -1
     except error.ParseError as inst:
         _formatparse(ferr.write, inst)
         return -1
 
     msg = _formatargs(req.args)
     starttime = util.timer()
     ret = None
     try:
         ret = _runcatch(req)
     except error.ProgrammingError as inst:
         req.ui.warn(_('** ProgrammingError: %s\n') % inst)
         if inst.hint:
             req.ui.warn(_('** (%s)\n') % inst.hint)
         raise
     except KeyboardInterrupt as inst:
         try:
             if isinstance(inst, error.SignalInterrupt):
                 msg = _("killed!\n")
             else:
                 msg = _("interrupted!\n")
             req.ui.warn(msg)
         except error.SignalInterrupt:
             # maybe pager would quit without consuming all the output, and
             # SIGPIPE was raised. we cannot print anything in this case.
             pass
         except IOError as inst:
             if inst.errno != errno.EPIPE:
                 raise
         ret = -1
     finally:
         duration = util.timer() - starttime
         req.ui.flush()
         if req.ui.logblockedtimes:
             req.ui._blockedtimes['command_duration'] = duration * 1000
             req.ui.log('uiblocked', 'ui blocked ms', **req.ui._blockedtimes)
         req.ui.log("commandfinish", "%s exited %d after %0.2f seconds\n",
                    msg, ret or 0, duration)
         try:
             req._runexithandlers()
         except: # exiting, so no re-raises
             ret = ret or -1
     return ret
 
 def _runcatch(req):
     def catchterm(*args):
         raise error.SignalInterrupt
 
     ui = req.ui
     try:
         for name in 'SIGBREAK', 'SIGHUP', 'SIGTERM':
             num = getattr(signal, name, None)
             if num:
                 signal.signal(num, catchterm)
     except ValueError:
         pass # happens if called in a thread
 
     def _runcatchfunc():
         realcmd = None
         try:
             cmdargs = fancyopts.fancyopts(req.args[:], commands.globalopts, {})
             cmd = cmdargs[0]
             aliases, entry = cmdutil.findcmd(cmd, commands.table, False)
             realcmd = aliases[0]
         except (error.UnknownCommand, error.AmbiguousCommand,
                 IndexError, getopt.GetoptError):
             # Don't handle this here. We know the command is
             # invalid, but all we're worried about for now is that
             # it's not a command that server operators expect to
             # be safe to offer to users in a sandbox.
             pass
         if realcmd == 'serve' and '--stdio' in cmdargs:
             # We want to constrain 'hg serve --stdio' instances pretty
             # closely, as many shared-ssh access tools want to grant
             # access to run *only* 'hg -R $repo serve --stdio'. We
             # restrict to exactly that set of arguments, and prohibit
             # any repo name that starts with '--' to prevent
             # shenanigans wherein a user does something like pass
             # --debugger or --config=ui.debugger=1 as a repo
             # name. This used to actually run the debugger.
             if (len(req.args) != 4 or
                 req.args[0] != '-R' or
                 req.args[1].startswith('--') or
                 req.args[2] != 'serve' or
                 req.args[3] != '--stdio'):
                 raise error.Abort(
                     _('potentially unsafe serve --stdio invocation: %r') %
                     (req.args,))
 
         try:
             debugger = 'pdb'
             debugtrace = {
                 'pdb' : pdb.set_trace
             }
             debugmortem = {
                 'pdb' : pdb.post_mortem
             }
 
             # read --config before doing anything else
             # (e.g. to change trust settings for reading .hg/hgrc)
             cfgs = _parseconfig(req.ui, _earlygetopt(['--config'], req.args))
 
             if req.repo:
                 # copy configs that were passed on the cmdline (--config) to
                 # the repo ui
                 for sec, name, val in cfgs:
                     req.repo.ui.setconfig(sec, name, val, source='--config')
 
             # developer config: ui.debugger
             debugger = ui.config("ui", "debugger")
             debugmod = pdb
             if not debugger or ui.plain():
                 # if we are in HGPLAIN mode, then disable custom debugging
                 debugger = 'pdb'
             elif '--debugger' in req.args:
                 # This import can be slow for fancy debuggers, so only
                 # do it when absolutely necessary, i.e. when actual
                 # debugging has been requested
                 with demandimport.deactivated():
                     try:
                         debugmod = __import__(debugger)
                     except ImportError:
                         pass # Leave debugmod = pdb
 
             debugtrace[debugger] = debugmod.set_trace
             debugmortem[debugger] = debugmod.post_mortem
 
             # enter the debugger before command execution
             if '--debugger' in req.args:
                 ui.warn(_("entering debugger - "
                         "type c to continue starting hg or h for help\n"))
 
                 if (debugger != 'pdb' and
                     debugtrace[debugger] == debugtrace['pdb']):
                     ui.warn(_("%s debugger specified "
                               "but its module was not found\n") % debugger)
                 with demandimport.deactivated():
                     debugtrace[debugger]()
             try:
                 return _dispatch(req)
             finally:
                 ui.flush()
         except: # re-raises
             # enter the debugger when we hit an exception
             if '--debugger' in req.args:
                 traceback.print_exc()
                 debugmortem[debugger](sys.exc_info()[2])
             raise
 
     return _callcatch(ui, _runcatchfunc)
 
 def _callcatch(ui, func):
     """like scmutil.callcatch but handles more high-level exceptions about
     config parsing and commands. besides, use handlecommandexception to handle
     uncaught exceptions.
     """
     try:
         return scmutil.callcatch(ui, func)
     except error.AmbiguousCommand as inst:
         ui.warn(_("hg: command '%s' is ambiguous:\n    %s\n") %
                 (inst.args[0], " ".join(inst.args[1])))
     except error.CommandError as inst:
         if inst.args[0]:
             ui.pager('help')
             msgbytes = pycompat.bytestr(inst.args[1])
             ui.warn(_("hg %s: %s\n") % (inst.args[0], msgbytes))
             commands.help_(ui, inst.args[0], full=False, command=True)
         else:
             ui.pager('help')
             ui.warn(_("hg: %s\n") % inst.args[1])
             commands.help_(ui, 'shortlist')
     except error.ParseError as inst:
         _formatparse(ui.warn, inst)
         return -1
     except error.UnknownCommand as inst:
         nocmdmsg = _("hg: unknown command '%s'\n") % inst.args[0]
         try:
             # check if the command is in a disabled extension
             # (but don't check for extensions themselves)
             formatted = help.formattedhelp(ui, commands, inst.args[0],
                                            unknowncmd=True)
             ui.warn(nocmdmsg)
             ui.write(formatted)
         except (error.UnknownCommand, error.Abort):
             suggested = False
             if len(inst.args) == 2:
                 sim = _getsimilar(inst.args[1], inst.args[0])
                 if sim:
                     ui.warn(nocmdmsg)
                     _reportsimilar(ui.warn, sim)
                     suggested = True
             if not suggested:
                 ui.pager('help')
                 ui.warn(nocmdmsg)
                 commands.help_(ui, 'shortlist')
     except IOError:
         raise
     except KeyboardInterrupt:
         raise
     except:  # probably re-raises
         if not handlecommandexception(ui):
             raise
 
     return -1
 
 def aliasargs(fn, givenargs):
     args = getattr(fn, 'args', [])
     if args:
         cmd = ' '.join(map(util.shellquote, args))
 
         nums = []
         def replacer(m):
             num = int(m.group(1)) - 1
             nums.append(num)
             if num < len(givenargs):
                 return givenargs[num]
             raise error.Abort(_('too few arguments for command alias'))
         cmd = re.sub(br'\$(\d+|\$)', replacer, cmd)
         givenargs = [x for i, x in enumerate(givenargs)
                      if i not in nums]
         args = pycompat.shlexsplit(cmd)
     return args + givenargs
 
 def aliasinterpolate(name, args, cmd):
     '''interpolate args into cmd for shell aliases
 
     This also handles $0, $@ and "$@".
     '''
     # util.interpolate can't deal with "$@" (with quotes) because it's only
     # built to match prefix + patterns.
     replacemap = dict(('$%d' % (i + 1), arg) for i, arg in enumerate(args))
     replacemap['$0'] = name
     replacemap['$$'] = '$'
     replacemap['$@'] = ' '.join(args)
     # Typical Unix shells interpolate "$@" (with quotes) as all the positional
     # parameters, separated out into words. Emulate the same behavior here by
     # quoting the arguments individually. POSIX shells will then typically
     # tokenize each argument into exactly one word.
     replacemap['"$@"'] = ' '.join(util.shellquote(arg) for arg in args)
     # escape '\$' for regex
     regex = '|'.join(replacemap.keys()).replace('$', r'\$')
     r = re.compile(regex)
     return r.sub(lambda x: replacemap[x.group()], cmd)
 
 class cmdalias(object):
     def __init__(self, name, definition, cmdtable, source):
         self.name = self.cmd = name
         self.cmdname = ''
         self.definition = definition
         self.fn = None
         self.givenargs = []
         self.opts = []
         self.help = ''
         self.badalias = None
         self.unknowncmd = False
         self.source = source
 
         try:
             aliases, entry = cmdutil.findcmd(self.name, cmdtable)
             for alias, e in cmdtable.iteritems():
                 if e is entry:
                     self.cmd = alias
                     break
             self.shadows = True
         except error.UnknownCommand:
             self.shadows = False
 
         if not self.definition:
             self.badalias = _("no definition for alias '%s'") % self.name
             return
 
         if self.definition.startswith('!'):
             self.shell = True
             def fn(ui, *args):
                 env = {'HG_ARGS': ' '.join((self.name,) + args)}
                 def _checkvar(m):
                     if m.groups()[0] == '$':
                         return m.group()
                     elif int(m.groups()[0]) <= len(args):
                         return m.group()
                     else:
                         ui.debug("No argument found for substitution "
                                  "of %i variable in alias '%s' definition."
                                  % (int(m.groups()[0]), self.name))
                         return ''
                 cmd = re.sub(r'\$(\d+|\$)', _checkvar, self.definition[1:])
                 cmd = aliasinterpolate(self.name, args, cmd)
                 return ui.system(cmd, environ=env,
                                  blockedtag='alias_%s' % self.name)
             self.fn = fn
             return
 
         try:
             args = pycompat.shlexsplit(self.definition)
         except ValueError as inst:
             self.badalias = (_("error in definition for alias '%s': %s")
                              % (self.name, inst))
             return
         self.cmdname = cmd = args.pop(0)
         self.givenargs = args
 
         for invalidarg in ("--cwd", "-R", "--repository", "--repo", "--config"):
             if _earlygetopt([invalidarg], args):
                 self.badalias = (_("error in definition for alias '%s': %s may "
                                    "only be given on the command line")
                                  % (self.name, invalidarg))
                 return
 
         try:
             tableentry = cmdutil.findcmd(cmd, cmdtable, False)[1]
             if len(tableentry) > 2:
                 self.fn, self.opts, self.help = tableentry
             else:
                 self.fn, self.opts = tableentry
 
             if self.help.startswith("hg " + cmd):
                 # drop prefix in old-style help lines so hg shows the alias
                 self.help = self.help[4 + len(cmd):]
             self.__doc__ = self.fn.__doc__
 
         except error.UnknownCommand:
             self.badalias = (_("alias '%s' resolves to unknown command '%s'")
                              % (self.name, cmd))
             self.unknowncmd = True
         except error.AmbiguousCommand:
             self.badalias = (_("alias '%s' resolves to ambiguous command '%s'")
                              % (self.name, cmd))
 
     @property
     def args(self):
         args = pycompat.maplist(util.expandpath, self.givenargs)
         return aliasargs(self.fn, args)
 
     def __getattr__(self, name):
         adefaults = {r'norepo': True,
                      r'optionalrepo': False, r'inferrepo': False}
         if name not in adefaults:
             raise AttributeError(name)
         if self.badalias or util.safehasattr(self, 'shell'):
             return adefaults[name]
         return getattr(self.fn, name)
 
     def __call__(self, ui, *args, **opts):
         if self.badalias:
             hint = None
             if self.unknowncmd:
                 try:
                     # check if the command is in a disabled extension
                     cmd, ext = extensions.disabledcmd(ui, self.cmdname)[:2]
                     hint = _("'%s' is provided by '%s' extension") % (cmd, ext)
                 except error.UnknownCommand:
                     pass
             raise error.Abort(self.badalias, hint=hint)
         if self.shadows:
             ui.debug("alias '%s' shadows command '%s'\n" %
                      (self.name, self.cmdname))
 
         ui.log('commandalias', "alias '%s' expands to '%s'\n",
                self.name, self.definition)
         if util.safehasattr(self, 'shell'):
             return self.fn(ui, *args, **opts)
         else:
             try:
                 return util.checksignature(self.fn)(ui, *args, **opts)
             except error.SignatureError:
                 args = ' '.join([self.cmdname] + self.args)
                 ui.debug("alias '%s' expands to '%s'\n" % (self.name, args))
                 raise
 
 def addaliases(ui, cmdtable):
     # aliases are processed after extensions have been loaded, so they
     # may use extension commands. Aliases can also use other alias definitions,
     # but only if they have been defined prior to the current definition.
     for alias, definition in ui.configitems('alias'):
         source = ui.configsource('alias', alias)
         aliasdef = cmdalias(alias, definition, cmdtable, source)
 
         try:
             olddef = cmdtable[aliasdef.cmd][0]
             if olddef.definition == aliasdef.definition:
                 continue
         except (KeyError, AttributeError):
             # definition might not exist or it might not be a cmdalias
             pass
 
         cmdtable[aliasdef.name] = (aliasdef, aliasdef.opts, aliasdef.help)
 
 def _parse(ui, args):
     options = {}
     cmdoptions = {}
 
     try:
         args = fancyopts.fancyopts(args, commands.globalopts, options)
     except getopt.GetoptError as inst:
         raise error.CommandError(None, inst)
 
     if args:
         cmd, args = args[0], args[1:]
         aliases, entry = cmdutil.findcmd(cmd, commands.table,
                                          ui.configbool("ui", "strict"))
         cmd = aliases[0]
         args = aliasargs(entry[0], args)
         defaults = ui.config("defaults", cmd)
         if defaults:
             args = pycompat.maplist(
                 util.expandpath, pycompat.shlexsplit(defaults)) + args
         c = list(entry[1])
     else:
         cmd = None
         c = []
 
     # combine global options into local
     for o in commands.globalopts:
         c.append((o[0], o[1], options[o[1]], o[3]))
 
     try:
         args = fancyopts.fancyopts(args, c, cmdoptions, gnu=True)
     except getopt.GetoptError as inst:
         raise error.CommandError(cmd, inst)
 
     # separate global options back out
     for o in commands.globalopts:
         n = o[1]
         options[n] = cmdoptions[n]
         del cmdoptions[n]
 
     return (cmd, cmd and entry[0] or None, args, options, cmdoptions)
 
 def _parseconfig(ui, config):
     """parse the --config options from the command line"""
     configs = []
 
     for cfg in config:
         try:
             name, value = [cfgelem.strip()
                            for cfgelem in cfg.split('=', 1)]
             section, name = name.split('.', 1)
             if not section or not name:
                 raise IndexError
             ui.setconfig(section, name, value, '--config')
             configs.append((section, name, value))
         except (IndexError, ValueError):
             raise error.Abort(_('malformed --config option: %r '
                                '(use --config section.name=value)') % cfg)
 
     return configs
 
 def _earlygetopt(aliases, args):
     """Return list of values for an option (or aliases).
 
     The values are listed in the order they appear in args.
     The options and values are removed from args.
 
     >>> args = ['x', '--cwd', 'foo', 'y']
     >>> _earlygetopt(['--cwd'], args), args
     (['foo'], ['x', 'y'])
 
     >>> args = ['x', '--cwd=bar', 'y']
     >>> _earlygetopt(['--cwd'], args), args
     (['bar'], ['x', 'y'])
 
     >>> args = ['x', '-R', 'foo', 'y']
     >>> _earlygetopt(['-R'], args), args
     (['foo'], ['x', 'y'])
 
     >>> args = ['x', '-Rbar', 'y']
     >>> _earlygetopt(['-R'], args), args
     (['bar'], ['x', 'y'])
     """
     try:
         argcount = args.index("--")
     except ValueError:
         argcount = len(args)
     shortopts = [opt for opt in aliases if len(opt) == 2]
     values = []
     pos = 0
     while pos < argcount:
         fullarg = arg = args[pos]
         equals = arg.find('=')
         if equals > -1:
             arg = arg[:equals]
         if arg in aliases:
             del args[pos]
             if equals > -1:
                 values.append(fullarg[equals + 1:])
                 argcount -= 1
             else:
                 if pos + 1 >= argcount:
                     # ignore and let getopt report an error if there is no value
                     break
                 values.append(args.pop(pos))
                 argcount -= 2
         elif arg[:2] in shortopts:
             # short option can have no following space, e.g. hg log -Rfoo
             values.append(args.pop(pos)[2:])
             argcount -= 1
         else:
             pos += 1
     return values
 
 def runcommand(lui, repo, cmd, fullargs, ui, options, d, cmdpats, cmdoptions):
     # run pre-hook, and abort if it fails
     hook.hook(lui, repo, "pre-%s" % cmd, True, args=" ".join(fullargs),
               pats=cmdpats, opts=cmdoptions)
     try:
         ret = _runcommand(ui, options, cmd, d)
         # run post-hook, passing command result
         hook.hook(lui, repo, "post-%s" % cmd, False, args=" ".join(fullargs),
                   result=ret, pats=cmdpats, opts=cmdoptions)
     except Exception:
         # run failure hook and re-raise
         hook.hook(lui, repo, "fail-%s" % cmd, False, args=" ".join(fullargs),
                   pats=cmdpats, opts=cmdoptions)
         raise
     return ret
 
 def _getlocal(ui, rpath, wd=None):
     """Return (path, local ui object) for the given target path.
 
     Takes paths in [cwd]/.hg/hgrc into account."
     """
     if wd is None:
         try:
             wd = pycompat.getcwd()
         except OSError as e:
             raise error.Abort(_("error getting current working directory: %s") %
                               e.strerror)
     path = cmdutil.findrepo(wd) or ""
     if not path:
         lui = ui
     else:
         lui = ui.copy()
         lui.readconfig(os.path.join(path, ".hg", "hgrc"), path)
 
     if rpath and rpath[-1]:
         path = lui.expandpath(rpath[-1])
         lui = ui.copy()
         lui.readconfig(os.path.join(path, ".hg", "hgrc"), path)
 
     return path, lui
 
 def _checkshellalias(lui, ui, args):
     """Return the function to run the shell alias, if it is required"""
     options = {}
 
     try:
         args = fancyopts.fancyopts(args, commands.globalopts, options)
     except getopt.GetoptError:
         return
 
     if not args:
         return
 
     cmdtable = commands.table
 
     cmd = args[0]
     try:
         strict = ui.configbool("ui", "strict")
         aliases, entry = cmdutil.findcmd(cmd, cmdtable, strict)
     except (error.AmbiguousCommand, error.UnknownCommand):
         return
 
     cmd = aliases[0]
     fn = entry[0]
 
     if cmd and util.safehasattr(fn, 'shell'):
         d = lambda: fn(ui, *args[1:])
         return lambda: runcommand(lui, None, cmd, args[:1], ui, options, d,
                                   [], {})
 
 _loaded = set()
 
 # list of (objname, loadermod, loadername) tuple:
 # - objname is the name of an object in extension module, from which
 #   extra information is loaded
 # - loadermod is the module where loader is placed
 # - loadername is the name of the function, which takes (ui, extensionname,
 #   extraobj) arguments
 extraloaders = [
     ('cmdtable', commands, 'loadcmdtable'),
     ('colortable', color, 'loadcolortable'),
     ('filesetpredicate', fileset, 'loadpredicate'),
     ('revsetpredicate', revset, 'loadpredicate'),
     ('templatefilter', templatefilters, 'loadfilter'),
     ('templatefunc', templater, 'loadfunction'),
     ('templatekeyword', templatekw, 'loadkeyword'),
 ]
 
 def _dispatch(req):
     args = req.args
     ui = req.ui
 
     # check for cwd
     cwd = _earlygetopt(['--cwd'], args)
     if cwd:
         os.chdir(cwd[-1])
 
     rpath = _earlygetopt(["-R", "--repository", "--repo"], args)
     path, lui = _getlocal(ui, rpath)
 
     uis = {ui, lui}
 
     if req.repo:
         uis.add(req.repo.ui)
 
     if '--profile' in args:
         for ui_ in uis:
             ui_.setconfig('profiling', 'enabled', 'true', '--profile')
 
     with profiling.maybeprofile(lui):
         # Configure extensions in phases: uisetup, extsetup, cmdtable, and
         # reposetup. Programs like TortoiseHg will call _dispatch several
         # times so we keep track of configured extensions in _loaded.
         extensions.loadall(lui)
         exts = [ext for ext in extensions.extensions() if ext[0] not in _loaded]
         # Propagate any changes to lui.__class__ by extensions
         ui.__class__ = lui.__class__
 
         # (uisetup and extsetup are handled in extensions.loadall)
 
         for name, module in exts:
             for objname, loadermod, loadername in extraloaders:
                 extraobj = getattr(module, objname, None)
                 if extraobj is not None:
                     getattr(loadermod, loadername)(ui, name, extraobj)
             _loaded.add(name)
 
         # (reposetup is handled in hg.repository)
 
         addaliases(lui, commands.table)
 
         # All aliases and commands are completely defined, now.
         # Check abbreviation/ambiguity of shell alias.
         shellaliasfn = _checkshellalias(lui, ui, args)
         if shellaliasfn:
             return shellaliasfn()
 
         # check for fallback encoding
         fallback = lui.config('ui', 'fallbackencoding')
         if fallback:
             encoding.fallbackencoding = fallback
 
         fullargs = args
         cmd, func, args, options, cmdoptions = _parse(lui, args)
 
         if options["config"]:
             raise error.Abort(_("option --config may not be abbreviated!"))
         if options["cwd"]:
             raise error.Abort(_("option --cwd may not be abbreviated!"))
         if options["repository"]:
             raise error.Abort(_(
                 "option -R has to be separated from other options (e.g. not "
                 "-qR) and --repository may only be abbreviated as --repo!"))
 
         if options["encoding"]:
             encoding.encoding = options["encoding"]
         if options["encodingmode"]:
             encoding.encodingmode = options["encodingmode"]
         if options["time"]:
             def get_times():
                 t = os.times()
                 if t[4] == 0.0:
                     # Windows leaves this as zero, so use time.clock()
                     t = (t[0], t[1], t[2], t[3], time.clock())
                 return t
             s = get_times()
             def print_time():
                 t = get_times()
                 ui.warn(
                     _("time: real %.3f secs (user %.3f+%.3f sys %.3f+%.3f)\n") %
                     (t[4]-s[4], t[0]-s[0], t[2]-s[2], t[1]-s[1], t[3]-s[3]))
             ui.atexit(print_time)
 
         if options['verbose'] or options['debug'] or options['quiet']:
             for opt in ('verbose', 'debug', 'quiet'):
                 val = str(bool(options[opt]))
                 if pycompat.ispy3:
                     val = val.encode('ascii')
                 for ui_ in uis:
                     ui_.setconfig('ui', opt, val, '--' + opt)
 
         if options['traceback']:
             for ui_ in uis:
                 ui_.setconfig('ui', 'traceback', 'on', '--traceback')
 
         if options['noninteractive']:
             for ui_ in uis:
                 ui_.setconfig('ui', 'interactive', 'off', '-y')
 
         if cmdoptions.get('insecure', False):
             for ui_ in uis:
                 ui_.insecureconnections = True
 
         # setup color handling before pager, because setting up pager
         # might cause incorrect console information
         coloropt = options['color']
         for ui_ in uis:
             if coloropt:
                 ui_.setconfig('ui', 'color', coloropt, '--color')
             color.setup(ui_)
 
         if util.parsebool(options['pager']):
             ui.pager('internal-always-' + cmd)
         elif options['pager'] != 'auto':
             ui.disablepager()
 
         if options['version']:
             return commands.version_(ui)
         if options['help']:
             return commands.help_(ui, cmd, command=cmd is not None)
         elif not cmd:
             return commands.help_(ui, 'shortlist')
 
         repo = None
         cmdpats = args[:]
         if not func.norepo:
             # use the repo from the request only if we don't have -R
             if not rpath and not cwd:
                 repo = req.repo
 
             if repo:
                 # set the descriptors of the repo ui to those of ui
                 repo.ui.fin = ui.fin
                 repo.ui.fout = ui.fout
                 repo.ui.ferr = ui.ferr
             else:
                 try:
                     repo = hg.repository(ui, path=path,
                                          presetupfuncs=req.prereposetups)
                     if not repo.local():
                         raise error.Abort(_("repository '%s' is not local")
                                           % path)
                     repo.ui.setconfig("bundle", "mainreporoot", repo.root,
                                       'repo')
                 except error.RequirementError:
                     raise
                 except error.RepoError:
                     if rpath and rpath[-1]: # invalid -R path
                         raise
                     if not func.optionalrepo:
                         if func.inferrepo and args and not path:
                             # try to infer -R from command args
                             repos = map(cmdutil.findrepo, args)
                             guess = repos[0]
                             if guess and repos.count(guess) == len(repos):
                                 req.args = ['--repository', guess] + fullargs
                                 return _dispatch(req)
                         if not path:
                             raise error.RepoError(_("no repository found in"
                                                     " '%s' (.hg not found)")
                                                   % pycompat.getcwd())
                         raise
             if repo:
                 ui = repo.ui
                 if options['hidden']:
                     repo = repo.unfiltered()
             args.insert(0, repo)
         elif rpath:
             ui.warn(_("warning: --repository ignored\n"))
 
         msg = _formatargs(fullargs)
         ui.log("command", '%s\n', msg)
         strcmdopt = pycompat.strkwargs(cmdoptions)
         d = lambda: util.checksignature(func)(ui, *args, **strcmdopt)
         try:
             return runcommand(lui, repo, cmd, fullargs, ui, options, d,
                               cmdpats, cmdoptions)
         finally:
             if repo and repo != req.repo:
                 repo.close()
 
 def _runcommand(ui, options, cmd, cmdfunc):
     """Run a command function, possibly with profiling enabled."""
     try:
         return cmdfunc()
     except error.SignatureError:
         raise error.CommandError(cmd, _('invalid arguments'))
 
 def _exceptionwarning(ui):
     """Produce a warning message for the current active exception"""
 
     # For compatibility checking, we discard the portion of the hg
     # version after the + on the assumption that if a "normal
     # user" is running a build with a + in it the packager
     # probably built from fairly close to a tag and anyone with a
     # 'make local' copy of hg (where the version number can be out
     # of date) will be clueful enough to notice the implausible
     # version number and try updating.
     ct = util.versiontuple(n=2)
     worst = None, ct, ''
     if ui.config('ui', 'supportcontact', None) is None:
         for name, mod in extensions.extensions():
             testedwith = getattr(mod, 'testedwith', '')
             if pycompat.ispy3 and isinstance(testedwith, str):
                 testedwith = testedwith.encode(u'utf-8')
             report = getattr(mod, 'buglink', _('the extension author.'))
             if not testedwith.strip():
                 # We found an untested extension. It's likely the culprit.
                 worst = name, 'unknown', report
                 break
 
             # Never blame on extensions bundled with Mercurial.
             if extensions.ismoduleinternal(mod):
                 continue
 
             tested = [util.versiontuple(t, 2) for t in testedwith.split()]
             if ct in tested:
                 continue
 
             lower = [t for t in tested if t < ct]
             nearest = max(lower or tested)
             if worst[0] is None or nearest < worst[1]:
                 worst = name, nearest, report
     if worst[0] is not None:
         name, testedwith, report = worst
         if not isinstance(testedwith, (bytes, str)):
             testedwith = '.'.join([str(c) for c in testedwith])
         warning = (_('** Unknown exception encountered with '
                      'possibly-broken third-party extension %s\n'
                      '** which supports versions %s of Mercurial.\n'
                      '** Please disable %s and try your action again.\n'
                      '** If that fixes the bug please report it to %s\n')
                    % (name, testedwith, name, report))
     else:
         bugtracker = ui.config('ui', 'supportcontact', None)
         if bugtracker is None:
             bugtracker = _("https://mercurial-scm.org/wiki/BugTracker")
         warning = (_("** unknown exception encountered, "
                      "please report by visiting\n** ") + bugtracker + '\n')
     if pycompat.ispy3:
         sysversion = sys.version.encode(u'utf-8')
     else:
         sysversion = sys.version
     sysversion = sysversion.replace('\n', '')
     warning += ((_("** Python %s\n") % sysversion) +
                 (_("** Mercurial Distributed SCM (version %s)\n") %
                  util.version()) +
                 (_("** Extensions loaded: %s\n") %
                  ", ".join([x[0] for x in extensions.extensions()])))
     return warning
 
 def handlecommandexception(ui):
     """Produce a warning message for broken commands
 
     Called when handling an exception; the exception is reraised if
     this function returns False, ignored otherwise.
     """
     warning = _exceptionwarning(ui)
     ui.log("commandexception", "%s\n%s\n", warning, traceback.format_exc())
     ui.warn(warning)
     return False  # re-raise the exception