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1 | 1 | # This library is free software; you can redistribute it and/or |
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2 | 2 | # modify it under the terms of the GNU Lesser General Public |
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3 | 3 | # License as published by the Free Software Foundation; either |
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4 | 4 | # version 2.1 of the License, or (at your option) any later version. |
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5 | 5 | # |
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6 | 6 | # This library is distributed in the hope that it will be useful, |
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7 | 7 | # but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty of |
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8 | 8 | # MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. See the GNU |
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9 | 9 | # Lesser General Public License for more details. |
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10 | 10 | # |
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11 | 11 | # You should have received a copy of the GNU Lesser General Public |
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12 | 12 | # License along with this library; if not, write to the |
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13 | 13 | # Free Software Foundation, Inc., |
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14 | 14 | # 59 Temple Place, Suite 330, |
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15 | 15 | # Boston, MA 02111-1307 USA |
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16 | 16 | |
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17 | 17 | # This file is part of urlgrabber, a high-level cross-protocol url-grabber |
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18 | 18 | # Copyright 2002-2004 Michael D. Stenner, Ryan Tomayko |
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19 | 19 | |
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20 | 20 | # $Id: byterange.py,v 1.9 2005/02/14 21:55:07 mstenner Exp $ |
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21 | 21 | |
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22 | 22 | import os |
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23 | 23 | import stat |
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24 | 24 | import urllib |
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25 | 25 | import urllib2 |
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26 | 26 | import email.Utils |
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27 | 27 | |
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28 | 28 | class RangeError(IOError): |
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29 | 29 | """Error raised when an unsatisfiable range is requested.""" |
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30 | 30 | pass |
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31 | 31 | |
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32 | 32 | class HTTPRangeHandler(urllib2.BaseHandler): |
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33 | 33 | """Handler that enables HTTP Range headers. |
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34 | 34 | |
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35 | 35 | This was extremely simple. The Range header is a HTTP feature to |
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36 | 36 | begin with so all this class does is tell urllib2 that the |
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37 | 37 | "206 Partial Content" reponse from the HTTP server is what we |
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38 | 38 | expected. |
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39 | 39 | |
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40 | 40 | Example: |
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41 | 41 | import urllib2 |
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42 | 42 | import byterange |
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43 | 43 | |
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44 | 44 | range_handler = range.HTTPRangeHandler() |
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45 | 45 | opener = urllib2.build_opener(range_handler) |
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46 | 46 | |
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47 | 47 | # install it |
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48 | 48 | urllib2.install_opener(opener) |
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49 | 49 | |
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50 | 50 | # create Request and set Range header |
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51 | 51 | req = urllib2.Request('http://www.python.org/') |
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52 | 52 | req.header['Range'] = 'bytes=30-50' |
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53 | 53 | f = urllib2.urlopen(req) |
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54 | 54 | """ |
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55 | 55 | |
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56 | 56 | def http_error_206(self, req, fp, code, msg, hdrs): |
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57 | 57 | # 206 Partial Content Response |
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58 | 58 | r = urllib.addinfourl(fp, hdrs, req.get_full_url()) |
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59 | 59 | r.code = code |
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60 | 60 | r.msg = msg |
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61 | 61 | return r |
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62 | 62 | |
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63 | 63 | def http_error_416(self, req, fp, code, msg, hdrs): |
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64 | 64 | # HTTP's Range Not Satisfiable error |
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65 | 65 | raise RangeError('Requested Range Not Satisfiable') |
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66 | 66 | |
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67 | 67 | class RangeableFileObject(object): |
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68 | 68 | """File object wrapper to enable raw range handling. |
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69 | 69 | This was implemented primarilary for handling range |
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70 | 70 | specifications for file:// urls. This object effectively makes |
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71 | 71 | a file object look like it consists only of a range of bytes in |
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72 | 72 | the stream. |
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73 | 73 | |
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74 | 74 | Examples: |
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75 | 75 | # expose 10 bytes, starting at byte position 20, from |
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76 | 76 | # /etc/aliases. |
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77 | 77 | >>> fo = RangeableFileObject(file('/etc/passwd', 'r'), (20,30)) |
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78 | 78 | # seek seeks within the range (to position 23 in this case) |
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79 | 79 | >>> fo.seek(3) |
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80 | 80 | # tell tells where your at _within the range_ (position 3 in |
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81 | 81 | # this case) |
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82 | 82 | >>> fo.tell() |
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83 | 83 | # read EOFs if an attempt is made to read past the last |
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84 | 84 | # byte in the range. the following will return only 7 bytes. |
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85 | 85 | >>> fo.read(30) |
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86 | 86 | """ |
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87 | 87 | |
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88 | 88 | def __init__(self, fo, rangetup): |
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89 | 89 | """Create a RangeableFileObject. |
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90 | 90 | fo -- a file like object. only the read() method need be |
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91 | 91 | supported but supporting an optimized seek() is |
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92 | 92 | preferable. |
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93 | 93 | rangetup -- a (firstbyte,lastbyte) tuple specifying the range |
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94 | 94 | to work over. |
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95 | 95 | The file object provided is assumed to be at byte offset 0. |
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96 | 96 | """ |
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97 | 97 | self.fo = fo |
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98 | 98 | (self.firstbyte, self.lastbyte) = range_tuple_normalize(rangetup) |
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99 | 99 | self.realpos = 0 |
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100 | 100 | self._do_seek(self.firstbyte) |
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101 | 101 | |
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102 | 102 | def __getattr__(self, name): |
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103 | 103 | """This effectively allows us to wrap at the instance level. |
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104 | 104 | Any attribute not found in _this_ object will be searched for |
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105 | 105 | in self.fo. This includes methods.""" |
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106 |
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107 | return getattr(self.fo, name) | |
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108 | raise AttributeError(name) | |
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106 | return getattr(self.fo, name) | |
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109 | 107 | |
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110 | 108 | def tell(self): |
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111 | 109 | """Return the position within the range. |
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112 | 110 | This is different from fo.seek in that position 0 is the |
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113 | 111 | first byte position of the range tuple. For example, if |
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114 | 112 | this object was created with a range tuple of (500,899), |
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115 | 113 | tell() will return 0 when at byte position 500 of the file. |
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116 | 114 | """ |
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117 | 115 | return (self.realpos - self.firstbyte) |
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118 | 116 | |
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119 | 117 | def seek(self, offset, whence=0): |
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120 | 118 | """Seek within the byte range. |
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121 | 119 | Positioning is identical to that described under tell(). |
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122 | 120 | """ |
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123 | 121 | assert whence in (0, 1, 2) |
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124 | 122 | if whence == 0: # absolute seek |
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125 | 123 | realoffset = self.firstbyte + offset |
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126 | 124 | elif whence == 1: # relative seek |
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127 | 125 | realoffset = self.realpos + offset |
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128 | 126 | elif whence == 2: # absolute from end of file |
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129 | 127 | # XXX: are we raising the right Error here? |
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130 | 128 | raise IOError('seek from end of file not supported.') |
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131 | 129 | |
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132 | 130 | # do not allow seek past lastbyte in range |
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133 | 131 | if self.lastbyte and (realoffset >= self.lastbyte): |
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134 | 132 | realoffset = self.lastbyte |
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135 | 133 | |
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136 | 134 | self._do_seek(realoffset - self.realpos) |
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137 | 135 | |
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138 | 136 | def read(self, size=-1): |
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139 | 137 | """Read within the range. |
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140 | 138 | This method will limit the size read based on the range. |
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141 | 139 | """ |
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142 | 140 | size = self._calc_read_size(size) |
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143 | 141 | rslt = self.fo.read(size) |
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144 | 142 | self.realpos += len(rslt) |
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145 | 143 | return rslt |
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146 | 144 | |
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147 | 145 | def readline(self, size=-1): |
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148 | 146 | """Read lines within the range. |
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149 | 147 | This method will limit the size read based on the range. |
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150 | 148 | """ |
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151 | 149 | size = self._calc_read_size(size) |
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152 | 150 | rslt = self.fo.readline(size) |
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153 | 151 | self.realpos += len(rslt) |
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154 | 152 | return rslt |
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155 | 153 | |
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156 | 154 | def _calc_read_size(self, size): |
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157 | 155 | """Handles calculating the amount of data to read based on |
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158 | 156 | the range. |
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159 | 157 | """ |
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160 | 158 | if self.lastbyte: |
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161 | 159 | if size > -1: |
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162 | 160 | if ((self.realpos + size) >= self.lastbyte): |
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163 | 161 | size = (self.lastbyte - self.realpos) |
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164 | 162 | else: |
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165 | 163 | size = (self.lastbyte - self.realpos) |
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166 | 164 | return size |
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167 | 165 | |
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168 | 166 | def _do_seek(self, offset): |
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169 | 167 | """Seek based on whether wrapped object supports seek(). |
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170 | 168 | offset is relative to the current position (self.realpos). |
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171 | 169 | """ |
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172 | 170 | assert offset >= 0 |
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173 |
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174 |
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175 | else: | |
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176 | self.fo.seek(self.realpos + offset) | |
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171 | seek = getattr(self.fo, 'seek', self._poor_mans_seek) | |
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172 | seek(self.realpos + offset) | |
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177 | 173 | self.realpos += offset |
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178 | 174 | |
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179 | 175 | def _poor_mans_seek(self, offset): |
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180 | 176 | """Seek by calling the wrapped file objects read() method. |
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181 | 177 | This is used for file like objects that do not have native |
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182 | 178 | seek support. The wrapped objects read() method is called |
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183 | 179 | to manually seek to the desired position. |
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184 | 180 | offset -- read this number of bytes from the wrapped |
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185 | 181 | file object. |
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186 | 182 | raise RangeError if we encounter EOF before reaching the |
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187 | 183 | specified offset. |
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188 | 184 | """ |
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189 | 185 | pos = 0 |
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190 | 186 | bufsize = 1024 |
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191 | 187 | while pos < offset: |
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192 | 188 | if (pos + bufsize) > offset: |
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193 | 189 | bufsize = offset - pos |
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194 | 190 | buf = self.fo.read(bufsize) |
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195 | 191 | if len(buf) != bufsize: |
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196 | 192 | raise RangeError('Requested Range Not Satisfiable') |
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197 | 193 | pos += bufsize |
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198 | 194 | |
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199 | 195 | class FileRangeHandler(urllib2.FileHandler): |
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200 | 196 | """FileHandler subclass that adds Range support. |
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201 | 197 | This class handles Range headers exactly like an HTTP |
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202 | 198 | server would. |
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203 | 199 | """ |
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204 | 200 | def open_local_file(self, req): |
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205 | 201 | import mimetypes |
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206 | 202 | import email |
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207 | 203 | host = req.get_host() |
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208 | 204 | file = req.get_selector() |
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209 | 205 | localfile = urllib.url2pathname(file) |
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210 | 206 | stats = os.stat(localfile) |
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211 | 207 | size = stats[stat.ST_SIZE] |
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212 | 208 | modified = email.Utils.formatdate(stats[stat.ST_MTIME]) |
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213 | 209 | mtype = mimetypes.guess_type(file)[0] |
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214 | 210 | if host: |
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215 | 211 | host, port = urllib.splitport(host) |
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216 | 212 | if port or socket.gethostbyname(host) not in self.get_names(): |
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217 | 213 | raise urllib2.URLError('file not on local host') |
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218 | 214 | fo = open(localfile,'rb') |
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219 | 215 | brange = req.headers.get('Range', None) |
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220 | 216 | brange = range_header_to_tuple(brange) |
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221 | 217 | assert brange != () |
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222 | 218 | if brange: |
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223 | 219 | (fb, lb) = brange |
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224 | 220 | if lb == '': |
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225 | 221 | lb = size |
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226 | 222 | if fb < 0 or fb > size or lb > size: |
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227 | 223 | raise RangeError('Requested Range Not Satisfiable') |
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228 | 224 | size = (lb - fb) |
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229 | 225 | fo = RangeableFileObject(fo, (fb, lb)) |
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230 | 226 | headers = email.message_from_string( |
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231 | 227 | 'Content-Type: %s\nContent-Length: %d\nLast-Modified: %s\n' % |
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232 | 228 | (mtype or 'text/plain', size, modified)) |
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233 | 229 | return urllib.addinfourl(fo, headers, 'file:'+file) |
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234 | 230 | |
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235 | 231 | |
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236 | 232 | # FTP Range Support |
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237 | 233 | # Unfortunately, a large amount of base FTP code had to be copied |
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238 | 234 | # from urllib and urllib2 in order to insert the FTP REST command. |
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239 | 235 | # Code modifications for range support have been commented as |
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240 | 236 | # follows: |
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241 | 237 | # -- range support modifications start/end here |
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242 | 238 | |
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243 | 239 | from urllib import splitport, splituser, splitpasswd, splitattr, \ |
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244 | 240 | unquote, addclosehook, addinfourl |
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245 | 241 | import ftplib |
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246 | 242 | import socket |
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247 | 243 | import sys |
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248 | 244 | import mimetypes |
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249 | 245 | import email |
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250 | 246 | |
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251 | 247 | class FTPRangeHandler(urllib2.FTPHandler): |
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252 | 248 | def ftp_open(self, req): |
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253 | 249 | host = req.get_host() |
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254 | 250 | if not host: |
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255 | 251 | raise IOError('ftp error', 'no host given') |
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256 | 252 | host, port = splitport(host) |
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257 | 253 | if port is None: |
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258 | 254 | port = ftplib.FTP_PORT |
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259 | 255 | else: |
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260 | 256 | port = int(port) |
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261 | 257 | |
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262 | 258 | # username/password handling |
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263 | 259 | user, host = splituser(host) |
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264 | 260 | if user: |
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265 | 261 | user, passwd = splitpasswd(user) |
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266 | 262 | else: |
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267 | 263 | passwd = None |
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268 | 264 | host = unquote(host) |
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269 | 265 | user = unquote(user or '') |
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270 | 266 | passwd = unquote(passwd or '') |
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271 | 267 | |
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272 | 268 | try: |
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273 | 269 | host = socket.gethostbyname(host) |
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274 | 270 | except socket.error, msg: |
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275 | 271 | raise urllib2.URLError(msg) |
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276 | 272 | path, attrs = splitattr(req.get_selector()) |
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277 | 273 | dirs = path.split('/') |
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278 | 274 | dirs = map(unquote, dirs) |
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279 | 275 | dirs, file = dirs[:-1], dirs[-1] |
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280 | 276 | if dirs and not dirs[0]: |
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281 | 277 | dirs = dirs[1:] |
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282 | 278 | try: |
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283 | 279 | fw = self.connect_ftp(user, passwd, host, port, dirs) |
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284 | 280 | type = file and 'I' or 'D' |
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285 | 281 | for attr in attrs: |
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286 | 282 | attr, value = splitattr(attr) |
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287 | 283 | if attr.lower() == 'type' and \ |
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288 | 284 | value in ('a', 'A', 'i', 'I', 'd', 'D'): |
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289 | 285 | type = value.upper() |
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290 | 286 | |
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291 | 287 | # -- range support modifications start here |
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292 | 288 | rest = None |
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293 | 289 | range_tup = range_header_to_tuple(req.headers.get('Range', None)) |
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294 | 290 | assert range_tup != () |
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295 | 291 | if range_tup: |
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296 | 292 | (fb, lb) = range_tup |
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297 | 293 | if fb > 0: |
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298 | 294 | rest = fb |
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299 | 295 | # -- range support modifications end here |
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300 | 296 | |
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301 | 297 | fp, retrlen = fw.retrfile(file, type, rest) |
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302 | 298 | |
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303 | 299 | # -- range support modifications start here |
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304 | 300 | if range_tup: |
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305 | 301 | (fb, lb) = range_tup |
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306 | 302 | if lb == '': |
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307 | 303 | if retrlen is None or retrlen == 0: |
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308 | 304 | raise RangeError('Requested Range Not Satisfiable due' |
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309 | 305 | ' to unobtainable file length.') |
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310 | 306 | lb = retrlen |
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311 | 307 | retrlen = lb - fb |
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312 | 308 | if retrlen < 0: |
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313 | 309 | # beginning of range is larger than file |
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314 | 310 | raise RangeError('Requested Range Not Satisfiable') |
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315 | 311 | else: |
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316 | 312 | retrlen = lb - fb |
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317 | 313 | fp = RangeableFileObject(fp, (0, retrlen)) |
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318 | 314 | # -- range support modifications end here |
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319 | 315 | |
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320 | 316 | headers = "" |
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321 | 317 | mtype = mimetypes.guess_type(req.get_full_url())[0] |
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322 | 318 | if mtype: |
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323 | 319 | headers += "Content-Type: %s\n" % mtype |
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324 | 320 | if retrlen is not None and retrlen >= 0: |
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325 | 321 | headers += "Content-Length: %d\n" % retrlen |
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326 | 322 | headers = email.message_from_string(headers) |
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327 | 323 | return addinfourl(fp, headers, req.get_full_url()) |
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328 | 324 | except ftplib.all_errors, msg: |
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329 | 325 | raise IOError('ftp error', msg), sys.exc_info()[2] |
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330 | 326 | |
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331 | 327 | def connect_ftp(self, user, passwd, host, port, dirs): |
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332 | 328 | fw = ftpwrapper(user, passwd, host, port, dirs) |
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333 | 329 | return fw |
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334 | 330 | |
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335 | 331 | class ftpwrapper(urllib.ftpwrapper): |
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336 | 332 | # range support note: |
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337 | 333 | # this ftpwrapper code is copied directly from |
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338 | 334 | # urllib. The only enhancement is to add the rest |
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339 | 335 | # argument and pass it on to ftp.ntransfercmd |
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340 | 336 | def retrfile(self, file, type, rest=None): |
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341 | 337 | self.endtransfer() |
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342 | 338 | if type in ('d', 'D'): |
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343 | 339 | cmd = 'TYPE A' |
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344 | 340 | isdir = 1 |
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345 | 341 | else: |
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346 | 342 | cmd = 'TYPE ' + type |
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347 | 343 | isdir = 0 |
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348 | 344 | try: |
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349 | 345 | self.ftp.voidcmd(cmd) |
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350 | 346 | except ftplib.all_errors: |
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351 | 347 | self.init() |
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352 | 348 | self.ftp.voidcmd(cmd) |
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353 | 349 | conn = None |
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354 | 350 | if file and not isdir: |
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355 | 351 | # Use nlst to see if the file exists at all |
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356 | 352 | try: |
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357 | 353 | self.ftp.nlst(file) |
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358 | 354 | except ftplib.error_perm, reason: |
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359 | 355 | raise IOError('ftp error', reason), sys.exc_info()[2] |
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360 | 356 | # Restore the transfer mode! |
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361 | 357 | self.ftp.voidcmd(cmd) |
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362 | 358 | # Try to retrieve as a file |
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363 | 359 | try: |
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364 | 360 | cmd = 'RETR ' + file |
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365 | 361 | conn = self.ftp.ntransfercmd(cmd, rest) |
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366 | 362 | except ftplib.error_perm, reason: |
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367 | 363 | if str(reason).startswith('501'): |
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368 | 364 | # workaround for REST not supported error |
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369 | 365 | fp, retrlen = self.retrfile(file, type) |
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370 | 366 | fp = RangeableFileObject(fp, (rest,'')) |
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371 | 367 | return (fp, retrlen) |
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372 | 368 | elif not str(reason).startswith('550'): |
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373 | 369 | raise IOError('ftp error', reason), sys.exc_info()[2] |
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374 | 370 | if not conn: |
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375 | 371 | # Set transfer mode to ASCII! |
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376 | 372 | self.ftp.voidcmd('TYPE A') |
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377 | 373 | # Try a directory listing |
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378 | 374 | if file: |
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379 | 375 | cmd = 'LIST ' + file |
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380 | 376 | else: |
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381 | 377 | cmd = 'LIST' |
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382 | 378 | conn = self.ftp.ntransfercmd(cmd) |
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383 | 379 | self.busy = 1 |
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384 | 380 | # Pass back both a suitably decorated object and a retrieval length |
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385 | 381 | return (addclosehook(conn[0].makefile('rb'), |
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386 | 382 | self.endtransfer), conn[1]) |
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387 | 383 | |
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388 | 384 | |
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389 | 385 | #################################################################### |
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390 | 386 | # Range Tuple Functions |
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391 | 387 | # XXX: These range tuple functions might go better in a class. |
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392 | 388 | |
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393 | 389 | _rangere = None |
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394 | 390 | def range_header_to_tuple(range_header): |
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395 | 391 | """Get a (firstbyte,lastbyte) tuple from a Range header value. |
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396 | 392 | |
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397 | 393 | Range headers have the form "bytes=<firstbyte>-<lastbyte>". This |
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398 | 394 | function pulls the firstbyte and lastbyte values and returns |
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399 | 395 | a (firstbyte,lastbyte) tuple. If lastbyte is not specified in |
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400 | 396 | the header value, it is returned as an empty string in the |
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401 | 397 | tuple. |
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402 | 398 | |
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403 | 399 | Return None if range_header is None |
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404 | 400 | Return () if range_header does not conform to the range spec |
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405 | 401 | pattern. |
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406 | 402 | |
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407 | 403 | """ |
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408 | 404 | global _rangere |
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409 | 405 | if range_header is None: |
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410 | 406 | return None |
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411 | 407 | if _rangere is None: |
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412 | 408 | import re |
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413 | 409 | _rangere = re.compile(r'^bytes=(\d{1,})-(\d*)') |
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414 | 410 | match = _rangere.match(range_header) |
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415 | 411 | if match: |
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416 | 412 | tup = range_tuple_normalize(match.group(1, 2)) |
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417 | 413 | if tup and tup[1]: |
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418 | 414 | tup = (tup[0], tup[1]+1) |
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419 | 415 | return tup |
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420 | 416 | return () |
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421 | 417 | |
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422 | 418 | def range_tuple_to_header(range_tup): |
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423 | 419 | """Convert a range tuple to a Range header value. |
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424 | 420 | Return a string of the form "bytes=<firstbyte>-<lastbyte>" or None |
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425 | 421 | if no range is needed. |
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426 | 422 | """ |
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427 | 423 | if range_tup is None: |
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428 | 424 | return None |
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429 | 425 | range_tup = range_tuple_normalize(range_tup) |
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430 | 426 | if range_tup: |
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431 | 427 | if range_tup[1]: |
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432 | 428 | range_tup = (range_tup[0], range_tup[1] - 1) |
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433 | 429 | return 'bytes=%s-%s' % range_tup |
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434 | 430 | |
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435 | 431 | def range_tuple_normalize(range_tup): |
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436 | 432 | """Normalize a (first_byte,last_byte) range tuple. |
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437 | 433 | Return a tuple whose first element is guaranteed to be an int |
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438 | 434 | and whose second element will be '' (meaning: the last byte) or |
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439 | 435 | an int. Finally, return None if the normalized tuple == (0,'') |
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440 | 436 | as that is equivelant to retrieving the entire file. |
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441 | 437 | """ |
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442 | 438 | if range_tup is None: |
|
443 | 439 | return None |
|
444 | 440 | # handle first byte |
|
445 | 441 | fb = range_tup[0] |
|
446 | 442 | if fb in (None, ''): |
|
447 | 443 | fb = 0 |
|
448 | 444 | else: |
|
449 | 445 | fb = int(fb) |
|
450 | 446 | # handle last byte |
|
451 | 447 | try: |
|
452 | 448 | lb = range_tup[1] |
|
453 | 449 | except IndexError: |
|
454 | 450 | lb = '' |
|
455 | 451 | else: |
|
456 | 452 | if lb is None: |
|
457 | 453 | lb = '' |
|
458 | 454 | elif lb != '': |
|
459 | 455 | lb = int(lb) |
|
460 | 456 | # check if range is over the entire file |
|
461 | 457 | if (fb, lb) == (0, ''): |
|
462 | 458 | return None |
|
463 | 459 | # check that the range is valid |
|
464 | 460 | if lb < fb: |
|
465 | 461 | raise RangeError('Invalid byte range: %s-%s' % (fb, lb)) |
|
466 | 462 | return (fb, lb) |
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