revlog: micro-optimize the computation of hashes

Differential Revision: https://phab.mercurial-scm.org/D31

mercurial/revlog.py

@@ -1,2208 +1,2212
 # revlog.py - storage back-end for mercurial
 #
 # Copyright 2005-2007 Matt Mackall <[e-mail]>
 #
 # This software may be used and distributed according to the terms of the
 # GNU General Public License version 2 or any later version.
 
 """Storage back-end for Mercurial.
 
 This provides efficient delta storage with O(1) retrieve and append
 and O(changes) merge between branches.
 """
 
 from __future__ import absolute_import
 
 import binascii
 import collections
 import errno
 import hashlib
 import os
 import struct
 import zlib
 
 # import stuff from node for others to import from revlog
 from .node import (
     bin,
     hex,
     nullid,
     nullrev,
     wdirhex,
     wdirid,
     wdirrev,
 )
 from .i18n import _
 from . import (
     ancestor,
     error,
     mdiff,
     policy,
     pycompat,
     templatefilters,
     util,
 )
 
 parsers = policy.importmod(r'parsers')
 
 _pack = struct.pack
 _unpack = struct.unpack
 # Aliased for performance.
 _zlibdecompress = zlib.decompress
 
 # revlog header flags
 REVLOGV0 = 0
 REVLOGV1 = 1
 # Dummy value until file format is finalized.
 # Reminder: change the bounds check in revlog.__init__ when this is changed.
 REVLOGV2 = 0xDEAD
 FLAG_INLINE_DATA = (1 << 16)
 FLAG_GENERALDELTA = (1 << 17)
 REVLOG_DEFAULT_FLAGS = FLAG_INLINE_DATA
 REVLOG_DEFAULT_FORMAT = REVLOGV1
 REVLOG_DEFAULT_VERSION = REVLOG_DEFAULT_FORMAT | REVLOG_DEFAULT_FLAGS
 REVLOGV1_FLAGS = FLAG_INLINE_DATA | FLAG_GENERALDELTA
 REVLOGV2_FLAGS = REVLOGV1_FLAGS
 
 # revlog index flags
 REVIDX_ISCENSORED = (1 << 15) # revision has censor metadata, must be verified
 REVIDX_ELLIPSIS = (1 << 14) # revision hash does not match data (narrowhg)
 REVIDX_EXTSTORED = (1 << 13) # revision data is stored externally
 REVIDX_DEFAULT_FLAGS = 0
 # stable order in which flags need to be processed and their processors applied
 REVIDX_FLAGS_ORDER = [
     REVIDX_ISCENSORED,
     REVIDX_ELLIPSIS,
     REVIDX_EXTSTORED,
 ]
 REVIDX_KNOWN_FLAGS = util.bitsfrom(REVIDX_FLAGS_ORDER)
 
 # max size of revlog with inline data
 _maxinline = 131072
 _chunksize = 1048576
 
 RevlogError = error.RevlogError
 LookupError = error.LookupError
 CensoredNodeError = error.CensoredNodeError
 ProgrammingError = error.ProgrammingError
 
 # Store flag processors (cf. 'addflagprocessor()' to register)
 _flagprocessors = {
     REVIDX_ISCENSORED: None,
 }
 
 def addflagprocessor(flag, processor):
     """Register a flag processor on a revision data flag.
 
     Invariant:
     - Flags need to be defined in REVIDX_KNOWN_FLAGS and REVIDX_FLAGS_ORDER.
     - Only one flag processor can be registered on a specific flag.
     - flagprocessors must be 3-tuples of functions (read, write, raw) with the
       following signatures:
           - (read)  f(self, rawtext) -> text, bool
           - (write) f(self, text) -> rawtext, bool
           - (raw)   f(self, rawtext) -> bool
       "text" is presented to the user. "rawtext" is stored in revlog data, not
       directly visible to the user.
       The boolean returned by these transforms is used to determine whether
       the returned text can be used for hash integrity checking. For example,
       if "write" returns False, then "text" is used to generate hash. If
       "write" returns True, that basically means "rawtext" returned by "write"
       should be used to generate hash. Usually, "write" and "read" return
       different booleans. And "raw" returns a same boolean as "write".
 
       Note: The 'raw' transform is used for changegroup generation and in some
       debug commands. In this case the transform only indicates whether the
       contents can be used for hash integrity checks.
     """
     if not flag & REVIDX_KNOWN_FLAGS:
         msg = _("cannot register processor on unknown flag '%#x'.") % (flag)
         raise ProgrammingError(msg)
     if flag not in REVIDX_FLAGS_ORDER:
         msg = _("flag '%#x' undefined in REVIDX_FLAGS_ORDER.") % (flag)
         raise ProgrammingError(msg)
     if flag in _flagprocessors:
         msg = _("cannot register multiple processors on flag '%#x'.") % (flag)
         raise error.Abort(msg)
     _flagprocessors[flag] = processor
 
 def getoffset(q):
     return int(q >> 16)
 
 def gettype(q):
     return int(q & 0xFFFF)
 
 def offset_type(offset, type):
     if (type & ~REVIDX_KNOWN_FLAGS) != 0:
         raise ValueError('unknown revlog index flags')
     return int(int(offset) << 16 | type)
 
 _nullhash = hashlib.sha1(nullid)
 
 def hash(text, p1, p2):
     """generate a hash from the given text and its parent hashes
 
     This hash combines both the current file contents and its history
     in a manner that makes it easy to distinguish nodes with the same
     content in the revision graph.
     """
     # As of now, if one of the parent node is null, p2 is null
     if p2 == nullid:
         # deep copy of a hash is faster than creating one
         s = _nullhash.copy()
         s.update(p1)
     else:
         # none of the parent nodes are nullid
-        l = [p1, p2]
-        l.sort()
-        s = hashlib.sha1(l[0])
-        s.update(l[1])
+        if p1 < p2:
+            a = p1
+            b = p2
+        else:
+            a = p2
+            b = p1
+        s = hashlib.sha1(a)
+        s.update(b)
     s.update(text)
     return s.digest()
 
 # index v0:
 #  4 bytes: offset
 #  4 bytes: compressed length
 #  4 bytes: base rev
 #  4 bytes: link rev
 # 20 bytes: parent 1 nodeid
 # 20 bytes: parent 2 nodeid
 # 20 bytes: nodeid
 indexformatv0 = ">4l20s20s20s"
 
 class revlogoldio(object):
     def __init__(self):
         self.size = struct.calcsize(indexformatv0)
 
     def parseindex(self, data, inline):
         s = self.size
         index = []
         nodemap = {nullid: nullrev}
         n = off = 0
         l = len(data)
         while off + s <= l:
             cur = data[off:off + s]
             off += s
             e = _unpack(indexformatv0, cur)
             # transform to revlogv1 format
             e2 = (offset_type(e[0], 0), e[1], -1, e[2], e[3],
                   nodemap.get(e[4], nullrev), nodemap.get(e[5], nullrev), e[6])
             index.append(e2)
             nodemap[e[6]] = n
             n += 1
 
         # add the magic null revision at -1
         index.append((0, 0, 0, -1, -1, -1, -1, nullid))
 
         return index, nodemap, None
 
     def packentry(self, entry, node, version, rev):
         if gettype(entry[0]):
             raise RevlogError(_('index entry flags need revlog version 1'))
         e2 = (getoffset(entry[0]), entry[1], entry[3], entry[4],
               node(entry[5]), node(entry[6]), entry[7])
         return _pack(indexformatv0, *e2)
 
 # index ng:
 #  6 bytes: offset
 #  2 bytes: flags
 #  4 bytes: compressed length
 #  4 bytes: uncompressed length
 #  4 bytes: base rev
 #  4 bytes: link rev
 #  4 bytes: parent 1 rev
 #  4 bytes: parent 2 rev
 # 32 bytes: nodeid
 indexformatng = ">Qiiiiii20s12x"
 versionformat = ">I"
 
 # corresponds to uncompressed length of indexformatng (2 gigs, 4-byte
 # signed integer)
 _maxentrysize = 0x7fffffff
 
 class revlogio(object):
     def __init__(self):
         self.size = struct.calcsize(indexformatng)
 
     def parseindex(self, data, inline):
         # call the C implementation to parse the index data
         index, cache = parsers.parse_index2(data, inline)
         return index, getattr(index, 'nodemap', None), cache
 
     def packentry(self, entry, node, version, rev):
         p = _pack(indexformatng, *entry)
         if rev == 0:
             p = _pack(versionformat, version) + p[4:]
         return p
 
 class revlog(object):
     """
     the underlying revision storage object
 
     A revlog consists of two parts, an index and the revision data.
 
     The index is a file with a fixed record size containing
     information on each revision, including its nodeid (hash), the
     nodeids of its parents, the position and offset of its data within
     the data file, and the revision it's based on. Finally, each entry
     contains a linkrev entry that can serve as a pointer to external
     data.
 
     The revision data itself is a linear collection of data chunks.
     Each chunk represents a revision and is usually represented as a
     delta against the previous chunk. To bound lookup time, runs of
     deltas are limited to about 2 times the length of the original
     version data. This makes retrieval of a version proportional to
     its size, or O(1) relative to the number of revisions.
 
     Both pieces of the revlog are written to in an append-only
     fashion, which means we never need to rewrite a file to insert or
     remove data, and can use some simple techniques to avoid the need
     for locking while reading.
 
     If checkambig, indexfile is opened with checkambig=True at
     writing, to avoid file stat ambiguity.
     """
     def __init__(self, opener, indexfile, datafile=None, checkambig=False):
         """
         create a revlog object
 
         opener is a function that abstracts the file opening operation
         and can be used to implement COW semantics or the like.
         """
         self.indexfile = indexfile
         self.datafile = datafile or (indexfile[:-2] + ".d")
         self.opener = opener
         #  When True, indexfile is opened with checkambig=True at writing, to
         #  avoid file stat ambiguity.
         self._checkambig = checkambig
         # 3-tuple of (node, rev, text) for a raw revision.
         self._cache = None
         # Maps rev to chain base rev.
         self._chainbasecache = util.lrucachedict(100)
         # 2-tuple of (offset, data) of raw data from the revlog at an offset.
         self._chunkcache = (0, '')
         # How much data to read and cache into the raw revlog data cache.
         self._chunkcachesize = 65536
         self._maxchainlen = None
         self._aggressivemergedeltas = False
         self.index = []
         # Mapping of partial identifiers to full nodes.
         self._pcache = {}
         # Mapping of revision integer to full node.
         self._nodecache = {nullid: nullrev}
         self._nodepos = None
         self._compengine = 'zlib'
         self._maxdeltachainspan = -1
 
         v = REVLOG_DEFAULT_VERSION
         opts = getattr(opener, 'options', None)
         if opts is not None:
             if 'revlogv2' in opts:
                 # version 2 revlogs always use generaldelta.
                 v = REVLOGV2 | FLAG_GENERALDELTA | FLAG_INLINE_DATA
             elif 'revlogv1' in opts:
                 if 'generaldelta' in opts:
                     v |= FLAG_GENERALDELTA
             else:
                 v = 0
             if 'chunkcachesize' in opts:
                 self._chunkcachesize = opts['chunkcachesize']
             if 'maxchainlen' in opts:
                 self._maxchainlen = opts['maxchainlen']
             if 'aggressivemergedeltas' in opts:
                 self._aggressivemergedeltas = opts['aggressivemergedeltas']
             self._lazydeltabase = bool(opts.get('lazydeltabase', False))
             if 'compengine' in opts:
                 self._compengine = opts['compengine']
             if 'maxdeltachainspan' in opts:
                 self._maxdeltachainspan = opts['maxdeltachainspan']
 
         if self._chunkcachesize <= 0:
             raise RevlogError(_('revlog chunk cache size %r is not greater '
                                 'than 0') % self._chunkcachesize)
         elif self._chunkcachesize & (self._chunkcachesize - 1):
             raise RevlogError(_('revlog chunk cache size %r is not a power '
                                 'of 2') % self._chunkcachesize)
 
         indexdata = ''
         self._initempty = True
         try:
             f = self.opener(self.indexfile)
             indexdata = f.read()
             f.close()
             if len(indexdata) > 0:
                 v = struct.unpack(versionformat, indexdata[:4])[0]
                 self._initempty = False
         except IOError as inst:
             if inst.errno != errno.ENOENT:
                 raise
 
         self.version = v
         self._inline = v & FLAG_INLINE_DATA
         self._generaldelta = v & FLAG_GENERALDELTA
         flags = v & ~0xFFFF
         fmt = v & 0xFFFF
         if fmt == REVLOGV0:
             if flags:
                 raise RevlogError(_('unknown flags (%#04x) in version %d '
                                     'revlog %s') %
                                   (flags >> 16, fmt, self.indexfile))
         elif fmt == REVLOGV1:
             if flags & ~REVLOGV1_FLAGS:
                 raise RevlogError(_('unknown flags (%#04x) in version %d '
                                     'revlog %s') %
                                   (flags >> 16, fmt, self.indexfile))
         elif fmt == REVLOGV2:
             if flags & ~REVLOGV2_FLAGS:
                 raise RevlogError(_('unknown flags (%#04x) in version %d '
                                     'revlog %s') %
                                   (flags >> 16, fmt, self.indexfile))
         else:
             raise RevlogError(_('unknown version (%d) in revlog %s') %
                               (fmt, self.indexfile))
 
         self.storedeltachains = True
 
         self._io = revlogio()
         if self.version == REVLOGV0:
             self._io = revlogoldio()
         try:
             d = self._io.parseindex(indexdata, self._inline)
         except (ValueError, IndexError):
             raise RevlogError(_("index %s is corrupted") % (self.indexfile))
         self.index, nodemap, self._chunkcache = d
         if nodemap is not None:
             self.nodemap = self._nodecache = nodemap
         if not self._chunkcache:
             self._chunkclear()
         # revnum -> (chain-length, sum-delta-length)
         self._chaininfocache = {}
         # revlog header -> revlog compressor
         self._decompressors = {}
 
     @util.propertycache
     def _compressor(self):
         return util.compengines[self._compengine].revlogcompressor()
 
     def tip(self):
         return self.node(len(self.index) - 2)
     def __contains__(self, rev):
         return 0 <= rev < len(self)
     def __len__(self):
         return len(self.index) - 1
     def __iter__(self):
         return iter(xrange(len(self)))
     def revs(self, start=0, stop=None):
         """iterate over all rev in this revlog (from start to stop)"""
         step = 1
         if stop is not None:
             if start > stop:
                 step = -1
             stop += step
         else:
             stop = len(self)
         return xrange(start, stop, step)
 
     @util.propertycache
     def nodemap(self):
         self.rev(self.node(0))
         return self._nodecache
 
     def hasnode(self, node):
         try:
             self.rev(node)
             return True
         except KeyError:
             return False
 
     def clearcaches(self):
         self._cache = None
         self._chainbasecache.clear()
         self._chunkcache = (0, '')
         self._pcache = {}
 
         try:
             self._nodecache.clearcaches()
         except AttributeError:
             self._nodecache = {nullid: nullrev}
             self._nodepos = None
 
     def rev(self, node):
         try:
             return self._nodecache[node]
         except TypeError:
             raise
         except RevlogError:
             # parsers.c radix tree lookup failed
             if node == wdirid:
                 raise error.WdirUnsupported
             raise LookupError(node, self.indexfile, _('no node'))
         except KeyError:
             # pure python cache lookup failed
             n = self._nodecache
             i = self.index
             p = self._nodepos
             if p is None:
                 p = len(i) - 2
             for r in xrange(p, -1, -1):
                 v = i[r][7]
                 n[v] = r
                 if v == node:
                     self._nodepos = r - 1
                     return r
             if node == wdirid:
                 raise error.WdirUnsupported
             raise LookupError(node, self.indexfile, _('no node'))
 
     # Accessors for index entries.
 
     # First tuple entry is 8 bytes. First 6 bytes are offset. Last 2 bytes
     # are flags.
     def start(self, rev):
         return int(self.index[rev][0] >> 16)
 
     def flags(self, rev):
         return self.index[rev][0] & 0xFFFF
 
     def length(self, rev):
         return self.index[rev][1]
 
     def rawsize(self, rev):
         """return the length of the uncompressed text for a given revision"""
         l = self.index[rev][2]
         if l >= 0:
             return l
 
         t = self.revision(rev, raw=True)
         return len(t)
 
     def size(self, rev):
         """length of non-raw text (processed by a "read" flag processor)"""
         # fast path: if no "read" flag processor could change the content,
         # size is rawsize. note: ELLIPSIS is known to not change the content.
         flags = self.flags(rev)
         if flags & (REVIDX_KNOWN_FLAGS ^ REVIDX_ELLIPSIS) == 0:
             return self.rawsize(rev)
 
         return len(self.revision(rev, raw=False))
 
     def chainbase(self, rev):
         base = self._chainbasecache.get(rev)
         if base is not None:
             return base
 
         index = self.index
         base = index[rev][3]
         while base != rev:
             rev = base
             base = index[rev][3]
 
         self._chainbasecache[rev] = base
         return base
 
     def linkrev(self, rev):
         return self.index[rev][4]
 
     def parentrevs(self, rev):
         try:
             return self.index[rev][5:7]
         except IndexError:
             if rev == wdirrev:
                 raise error.WdirUnsupported
             raise
 
     def node(self, rev):
         try:
             return self.index[rev][7]
         except IndexError:
             if rev == wdirrev:
                 raise error.WdirUnsupported
             raise
 
     # Derived from index values.
 
     def end(self, rev):
         return self.start(rev) + self.length(rev)
 
     def parents(self, node):
         i = self.index
         d = i[self.rev(node)]
         return i[d[5]][7], i[d[6]][7] # map revisions to nodes inline
 
     def chainlen(self, rev):
         return self._chaininfo(rev)[0]
 
     def _chaininfo(self, rev):
         chaininfocache = self._chaininfocache
         if rev in chaininfocache:
             return chaininfocache[rev]
         index = self.index
         generaldelta = self._generaldelta
         iterrev = rev
         e = index[iterrev]
         clen = 0
         compresseddeltalen = 0
         while iterrev != e[3]:
             clen += 1
             compresseddeltalen += e[1]
             if generaldelta:
                 iterrev = e[3]
             else:
                 iterrev -= 1
             if iterrev in chaininfocache:
                 t = chaininfocache[iterrev]
                 clen += t[0]
                 compresseddeltalen += t[1]
                 break
             e = index[iterrev]
         else:
             # Add text length of base since decompressing that also takes
             # work. For cache hits the length is already included.
             compresseddeltalen += e[1]
         r = (clen, compresseddeltalen)
         chaininfocache[rev] = r
         return r
 
     def _deltachain(self, rev, stoprev=None):
         """Obtain the delta chain for a revision.
 
         ``stoprev`` specifies a revision to stop at. If not specified, we
         stop at the base of the chain.
 
         Returns a 2-tuple of (chain, stopped) where ``chain`` is a list of
         revs in ascending order and ``stopped`` is a bool indicating whether
         ``stoprev`` was hit.
         """
         # Try C implementation.
         try:
             return self.index.deltachain(rev, stoprev, self._generaldelta)
         except AttributeError:
             pass
 
         chain = []
 
         # Alias to prevent attribute lookup in tight loop.
         index = self.index
         generaldelta = self._generaldelta
 
         iterrev = rev
         e = index[iterrev]
         while iterrev != e[3] and iterrev != stoprev:
             chain.append(iterrev)
             if generaldelta:
                 iterrev = e[3]
             else:
                 iterrev -= 1
             e = index[iterrev]
 
         if iterrev == stoprev:
             stopped = True
         else:
             chain.append(iterrev)
             stopped = False
 
         chain.reverse()
         return chain, stopped
 
     def ancestors(self, revs, stoprev=0, inclusive=False):
         """Generate the ancestors of 'revs' in reverse topological order.
         Does not generate revs lower than stoprev.
 
         See the documentation for ancestor.lazyancestors for more details."""
 
         return ancestor.lazyancestors(self.parentrevs, revs, stoprev=stoprev,
                                       inclusive=inclusive)
 
     def descendants(self, revs):
         """Generate the descendants of 'revs' in revision order.
 
         Yield a sequence of revision numbers starting with a child of
         some rev in revs, i.e., each revision is *not* considered a
         descendant of itself.  Results are ordered by revision number (a
         topological sort)."""
         first = min(revs)
         if first == nullrev:
             for i in self:
                 yield i
             return
 
         seen = set(revs)
         for i in self.revs(start=first + 1):
             for x in self.parentrevs(i):
                 if x != nullrev and x in seen:
                     seen.add(i)
                     yield i
                     break
 
     def findcommonmissing(self, common=None, heads=None):
         """Return a tuple of the ancestors of common and the ancestors of heads
         that are not ancestors of common. In revset terminology, we return the
         tuple:
 
           ::common, (::heads) - (::common)
 
         The list is sorted by revision number, meaning it is
         topologically sorted.
 
         'heads' and 'common' are both lists of node IDs.  If heads is
         not supplied, uses all of the revlog's heads.  If common is not
         supplied, uses nullid."""
         if common is None:
             common = [nullid]
         if heads is None:
             heads = self.heads()
 
         common = [self.rev(n) for n in common]
         heads = [self.rev(n) for n in heads]
 
         # we want the ancestors, but inclusive
         class lazyset(object):
             def __init__(self, lazyvalues):
                 self.addedvalues = set()
                 self.lazyvalues = lazyvalues
 
             def __contains__(self, value):
                 return value in self.addedvalues or value in self.lazyvalues
 
             def __iter__(self):
                 added = self.addedvalues
                 for r in added:
                     yield r
                 for r in self.lazyvalues:
                     if not r in added:
                         yield r
 
             def add(self, value):
                 self.addedvalues.add(value)
 
             def update(self, values):
                 self.addedvalues.update(values)
 
         has = lazyset(self.ancestors(common))
         has.add(nullrev)
         has.update(common)
 
         # take all ancestors from heads that aren't in has
         missing = set()
         visit = collections.deque(r for r in heads if r not in has)
         while visit:
             r = visit.popleft()
             if r in missing:
                 continue
             else:
                 missing.add(r)
                 for p in self.parentrevs(r):
                     if p not in has:
                         visit.append(p)
         missing = list(missing)
         missing.sort()
         return has, [self.node(miss) for miss in missing]
 
     def incrementalmissingrevs(self, common=None):
         """Return an object that can be used to incrementally compute the
         revision numbers of the ancestors of arbitrary sets that are not
         ancestors of common. This is an ancestor.incrementalmissingancestors
         object.
 
         'common' is a list of revision numbers. If common is not supplied, uses
         nullrev.
         """
         if common is None:
             common = [nullrev]
 
         return ancestor.incrementalmissingancestors(self.parentrevs, common)
 
     def findmissingrevs(self, common=None, heads=None):
         """Return the revision numbers of the ancestors of heads that
         are not ancestors of common.
 
         More specifically, return a list of revision numbers corresponding to
         nodes N such that every N satisfies the following constraints:
 
           1. N is an ancestor of some node in 'heads'
           2. N is not an ancestor of any node in 'common'
 
         The list is sorted by revision number, meaning it is
         topologically sorted.
 
         'heads' and 'common' are both lists of revision numbers.  If heads is
         not supplied, uses all of the revlog's heads.  If common is not
         supplied, uses nullid."""
         if common is None:
             common = [nullrev]
         if heads is None:
             heads = self.headrevs()
 
         inc = self.incrementalmissingrevs(common=common)
         return inc.missingancestors(heads)
 
     def findmissing(self, common=None, heads=None):
         """Return the ancestors of heads that are not ancestors of common.
 
         More specifically, return a list of nodes N such that every N
         satisfies the following constraints:
 
           1. N is an ancestor of some node in 'heads'
           2. N is not an ancestor of any node in 'common'
 
         The list is sorted by revision number, meaning it is
         topologically sorted.
 
         'heads' and 'common' are both lists of node IDs.  If heads is
         not supplied, uses all of the revlog's heads.  If common is not
         supplied, uses nullid."""
         if common is None:
             common = [nullid]
         if heads is None:
             heads = self.heads()
 
         common = [self.rev(n) for n in common]
         heads = [self.rev(n) for n in heads]
 
         inc = self.incrementalmissingrevs(common=common)
         return [self.node(r) for r in inc.missingancestors(heads)]
 
     def nodesbetween(self, roots=None, heads=None):
         """Return a topological path from 'roots' to 'heads'.
 
         Return a tuple (nodes, outroots, outheads) where 'nodes' is a
         topologically sorted list of all nodes N that satisfy both of
         these constraints:
 
           1. N is a descendant of some node in 'roots'
           2. N is an ancestor of some node in 'heads'
 
         Every node is considered to be both a descendant and an ancestor
         of itself, so every reachable node in 'roots' and 'heads' will be
         included in 'nodes'.
 
         'outroots' is the list of reachable nodes in 'roots', i.e., the
         subset of 'roots' that is returned in 'nodes'.  Likewise,
         'outheads' is the subset of 'heads' that is also in 'nodes'.
 
         'roots' and 'heads' are both lists of node IDs.  If 'roots' is
         unspecified, uses nullid as the only root.  If 'heads' is
         unspecified, uses list of all of the revlog's heads."""
         nonodes = ([], [], [])
         if roots is not None:
             roots = list(roots)
             if not roots:
                 return nonodes
             lowestrev = min([self.rev(n) for n in roots])
         else:
             roots = [nullid] # Everybody's a descendant of nullid
             lowestrev = nullrev
         if (lowestrev == nullrev) and (heads is None):
             # We want _all_ the nodes!
             return ([self.node(r) for r in self], [nullid], list(self.heads()))
         if heads is None:
             # All nodes are ancestors, so the latest ancestor is the last
             # node.
             highestrev = len(self) - 1
             # Set ancestors to None to signal that every node is an ancestor.
             ancestors = None
             # Set heads to an empty dictionary for later discovery of heads
             heads = {}
         else:
             heads = list(heads)
             if not heads:
                 return nonodes
             ancestors = set()
             # Turn heads into a dictionary so we can remove 'fake' heads.
             # Also, later we will be using it to filter out the heads we can't
             # find from roots.
             heads = dict.fromkeys(heads, False)
             # Start at the top and keep marking parents until we're done.
             nodestotag = set(heads)
             # Remember where the top was so we can use it as a limit later.
             highestrev = max([self.rev(n) for n in nodestotag])
             while nodestotag:
                 # grab a node to tag
                 n = nodestotag.pop()
                 # Never tag nullid
                 if n == nullid:
                     continue
                 # A node's revision number represents its place in a
                 # topologically sorted list of nodes.
                 r = self.rev(n)
                 if r >= lowestrev:
                     if n not in ancestors:
                         # If we are possibly a descendant of one of the roots
                         # and we haven't already been marked as an ancestor
                         ancestors.add(n) # Mark as ancestor
                         # Add non-nullid parents to list of nodes to tag.
                         nodestotag.update([p for p in self.parents(n) if
                                            p != nullid])
                     elif n in heads: # We've seen it before, is it a fake head?
                         # So it is, real heads should not be the ancestors of
                         # any other heads.
                         heads.pop(n)
             if not ancestors:
                 return nonodes
             # Now that we have our set of ancestors, we want to remove any
             # roots that are not ancestors.
 
             # If one of the roots was nullid, everything is included anyway.
             if lowestrev > nullrev:
                 # But, since we weren't, let's recompute the lowest rev to not
                 # include roots that aren't ancestors.
 
                 # Filter out roots that aren't ancestors of heads
                 roots = [root for root in roots if root in ancestors]
                 # Recompute the lowest revision
                 if roots:
                     lowestrev = min([self.rev(root) for root in roots])
                 else:
                     # No more roots?  Return empty list
                     return nonodes
             else:
                 # We are descending from nullid, and don't need to care about
                 # any other roots.
                 lowestrev = nullrev
                 roots = [nullid]
         # Transform our roots list into a set.
         descendants = set(roots)
         # Also, keep the original roots so we can filter out roots that aren't
         # 'real' roots (i.e. are descended from other roots).
         roots = descendants.copy()
         # Our topologically sorted list of output nodes.
         orderedout = []
         # Don't start at nullid since we don't want nullid in our output list,
         # and if nullid shows up in descendants, empty parents will look like
         # they're descendants.
         for r in self.revs(start=max(lowestrev, 0), stop=highestrev + 1):
             n = self.node(r)
             isdescendant = False
             if lowestrev == nullrev:  # Everybody is a descendant of nullid
                 isdescendant = True
             elif n in descendants:
                 # n is already a descendant
                 isdescendant = True
                 # This check only needs to be done here because all the roots
                 # will start being marked is descendants before the loop.
                 if n in roots:
                     # If n was a root, check if it's a 'real' root.
                     p = tuple(self.parents(n))
                     # If any of its parents are descendants, it's not a root.
                     if (p[0] in descendants) or (p[1] in descendants):
                         roots.remove(n)
             else:
                 p = tuple(self.parents(n))
                 # A node is a descendant if either of its parents are
                 # descendants.  (We seeded the dependents list with the roots
                 # up there, remember?)
                 if (p[0] in descendants) or (p[1] in descendants):
                     descendants.add(n)
                     isdescendant = True
             if isdescendant and ((ancestors is None) or (n in ancestors)):
                 # Only include nodes that are both descendants and ancestors.
                 orderedout.append(n)
                 if (ancestors is not None) and (n in heads):
                     # We're trying to figure out which heads are reachable
                     # from roots.
                     # Mark this head as having been reached
                     heads[n] = True
                 elif ancestors is None:
                     # Otherwise, we're trying to discover the heads.
                     # Assume this is a head because if it isn't, the next step
                     # will eventually remove it.
                     heads[n] = True
                     # But, obviously its parents aren't.
                     for p in self.parents(n):
                         heads.pop(p, None)
         heads = [head for head, flag in heads.iteritems() if flag]
         roots = list(roots)
         assert orderedout
         assert roots
         assert heads
         return (orderedout, roots, heads)
 
     def headrevs(self):
         try:
             return self.index.headrevs()
         except AttributeError:
             return self._headrevs()
 
     def computephases(self, roots):
         return self.index.computephasesmapsets(roots)
 
     def _headrevs(self):
         count = len(self)
         if not count:
             return [nullrev]
         # we won't iter over filtered rev so nobody is a head at start
         ishead = [0] * (count + 1)
         index = self.index
         for r in self:
             ishead[r] = 1  # I may be an head
             e = index[r]
             ishead[e[5]] = ishead[e[6]] = 0  # my parent are not
         return [r for r, val in enumerate(ishead) if val]
 
     def heads(self, start=None, stop=None):
         """return the list of all nodes that have no children
 
         if start is specified, only heads that are descendants of
         start will be returned
         if stop is specified, it will consider all the revs from stop
         as if they had no children
         """
         if start is None and stop is None:
             if not len(self):
                 return [nullid]
             return [self.node(r) for r in self.headrevs()]
 
         if start is None:
             start = nullid
         if stop is None:
             stop = []
         stoprevs = set([self.rev(n) for n in stop])
         startrev = self.rev(start)
         reachable = {startrev}
         heads = {startrev}
 
         parentrevs = self.parentrevs
         for r in self.revs(start=startrev + 1):
             for p in parentrevs(r):
                 if p in reachable:
                     if r not in stoprevs:
                         reachable.add(r)
                     heads.add(r)
                 if p in heads and p not in stoprevs:
                     heads.remove(p)
 
         return [self.node(r) for r in heads]
 
     def children(self, node):
         """find the children of a given node"""
         c = []
         p = self.rev(node)
         for r in self.revs(start=p + 1):
             prevs = [pr for pr in self.parentrevs(r) if pr != nullrev]
             if prevs:
                 for pr in prevs:
                     if pr == p:
                         c.append(self.node(r))
             elif p == nullrev:
                 c.append(self.node(r))
         return c
 
     def descendant(self, start, end):
         if start == nullrev:
             return True
         for i in self.descendants([start]):
             if i == end:
                 return True
             elif i > end:
                 break
         return False
 
     def commonancestorsheads(self, a, b):
         """calculate all the heads of the common ancestors of nodes a and b"""
         a, b = self.rev(a), self.rev(b)
         try:
             ancs = self.index.commonancestorsheads(a, b)
         except (AttributeError, OverflowError): # C implementation failed
             ancs = ancestor.commonancestorsheads(self.parentrevs, a, b)
         return pycompat.maplist(self.node, ancs)
 
     def isancestor(self, a, b):
         """return True if node a is an ancestor of node b
 
         The implementation of this is trivial but the use of
         commonancestorsheads is not."""
         return a in self.commonancestorsheads(a, b)
 
     def ancestor(self, a, b):
         """calculate the "best" common ancestor of nodes a and b"""
 
         a, b = self.rev(a), self.rev(b)
         try:
             ancs = self.index.ancestors(a, b)
         except (AttributeError, OverflowError):
             ancs = ancestor.ancestors(self.parentrevs, a, b)
         if ancs:
             # choose a consistent winner when there's a tie
             return min(map(self.node, ancs))
         return nullid
 
     def _match(self, id):
         if isinstance(id, int):
             # rev
             return self.node(id)
         if len(id) == 20:
             # possibly a binary node
             # odds of a binary node being all hex in ASCII are 1 in 10**25
             try:
                 node = id
                 self.rev(node) # quick search the index
                 return node
             except LookupError:
                 pass # may be partial hex id
         try:
             # str(rev)
             rev = int(id)
             if str(rev) != id:
                 raise ValueError
             if rev < 0:
                 rev = len(self) + rev
             if rev < 0 or rev >= len(self):
                 raise ValueError
             return self.node(rev)
         except (ValueError, OverflowError):
             pass
         if len(id) == 40:
             try:
                 # a full hex nodeid?
                 node = bin(id)
                 self.rev(node)
                 return node
             except (TypeError, LookupError):
                 pass
 
     def _partialmatch(self, id):
         maybewdir = wdirhex.startswith(id)
         try:
             partial = self.index.partialmatch(id)
             if partial and self.hasnode(partial):
                 if maybewdir:
                     # single 'ff...' match in radix tree, ambiguous with wdir
                     raise RevlogError
                 return partial
             if maybewdir:
                 # no 'ff...' match in radix tree, wdir identified
                 raise error.WdirUnsupported
             return None
         except RevlogError:
             # parsers.c radix tree lookup gave multiple matches
             # fast path: for unfiltered changelog, radix tree is accurate
             if not getattr(self, 'filteredrevs', None):
                 raise LookupError(id, self.indexfile,
                                   _('ambiguous identifier'))
             # fall through to slow path that filters hidden revisions
         except (AttributeError, ValueError):
             # we are pure python, or key was too short to search radix tree
             pass
 
         if id in self._pcache:
             return self._pcache[id]
 
         if len(id) < 40:
             try:
                 # hex(node)[:...]
                 l = len(id) // 2  # grab an even number of digits
                 prefix = bin(id[:l * 2])
                 nl = [e[7] for e in self.index if e[7].startswith(prefix)]
                 nl = [n for n in nl if hex(n).startswith(id) and
                       self.hasnode(n)]
                 if len(nl) > 0:
                     if len(nl) == 1 and not maybewdir:
                         self._pcache[id] = nl[0]
                         return nl[0]
                     raise LookupError(id, self.indexfile,
                                       _('ambiguous identifier'))
                 if maybewdir:
                     raise error.WdirUnsupported
                 return None
             except (TypeError, binascii.Error):
                 pass
 
     def lookup(self, id):
         """locate a node based on:
             - revision number or str(revision number)
             - nodeid or subset of hex nodeid
         """
         n = self._match(id)
         if n is not None:
             return n
         n = self._partialmatch(id)
         if n:
             return n
 
         raise LookupError(id, self.indexfile, _('no match found'))
 
     def cmp(self, node, text):
         """compare text with a given file revision
 
         returns True if text is different than what is stored.
         """
         p1, p2 = self.parents(node)
         return hash(text, p1, p2) != node
 
     def _cachesegment(self, offset, data):
         """Add a segment to the revlog cache.
 
         Accepts an absolute offset and the data that is at that location.
         """
         o, d = self._chunkcache
         # try to add to existing cache
         if o + len(d) == offset and len(d) + len(data) < _chunksize:
             self._chunkcache = o, d + data
         else:
             self._chunkcache = offset, data
 
     def _readsegment(self, offset, length, df=None):
         """Load a segment of raw data from the revlog.
 
         Accepts an absolute offset, length to read, and an optional existing
         file handle to read from.
 
         If an existing file handle is passed, it will be seeked and the
         original seek position will NOT be restored.
 
         Returns a str or buffer of raw byte data.
         """
         if df is not None:
             closehandle = False
         else:
             if self._inline:
                 df = self.opener(self.indexfile)
             else:
                 df = self.opener(self.datafile)
             closehandle = True
 
         # Cache data both forward and backward around the requested
         # data, in a fixed size window. This helps speed up operations
         # involving reading the revlog backwards.
         cachesize = self._chunkcachesize
         realoffset = offset & ~(cachesize - 1)
         reallength = (((offset + length + cachesize) & ~(cachesize - 1))
                       - realoffset)
         df.seek(realoffset)
         d = df.read(reallength)
         if closehandle:
             df.close()
         self._cachesegment(realoffset, d)
         if offset != realoffset or reallength != length:
             return util.buffer(d, offset - realoffset, length)
         return d
 
     def _getsegment(self, offset, length, df=None):
         """Obtain a segment of raw data from the revlog.
 
         Accepts an absolute offset, length of bytes to obtain, and an
         optional file handle to the already-opened revlog. If the file
         handle is used, it's original seek position will not be preserved.
 
         Requests for data may be returned from a cache.
 
         Returns a str or a buffer instance of raw byte data.
         """
         o, d = self._chunkcache
         l = len(d)
 
         # is it in the cache?
         cachestart = offset - o
         cacheend = cachestart + length
         if cachestart >= 0 and cacheend <= l:
             if cachestart == 0 and cacheend == l:
                 return d # avoid a copy
             return util.buffer(d, cachestart, cacheend - cachestart)
 
         return self._readsegment(offset, length, df=df)
 
     def _getsegmentforrevs(self, startrev, endrev, df=None):
         """Obtain a segment of raw data corresponding to a range of revisions.
 
         Accepts the start and end revisions and an optional already-open
         file handle to be used for reading. If the file handle is read, its
         seek position will not be preserved.
 
         Requests for data may be satisfied by a cache.
 
         Returns a 2-tuple of (offset, data) for the requested range of
         revisions. Offset is the integer offset from the beginning of the
         revlog and data is a str or buffer of the raw byte data.
 
         Callers will need to call ``self.start(rev)`` and ``self.length(rev)``
         to determine where each revision's data begins and ends.
         """
         # Inlined self.start(startrev) & self.end(endrev) for perf reasons
         # (functions are expensive).
         index = self.index
         istart = index[startrev]
         start = int(istart[0] >> 16)
         if startrev == endrev:
             end = start + istart[1]
         else:
             iend = index[endrev]
             end = int(iend[0] >> 16) + iend[1]
 
         if self._inline:
             start += (startrev + 1) * self._io.size
             end += (endrev + 1) * self._io.size
         length = end - start
 
         return start, self._getsegment(start, length, df=df)
 
     def _chunk(self, rev, df=None):
         """Obtain a single decompressed chunk for a revision.
 
         Accepts an integer revision and an optional already-open file handle
         to be used for reading. If used, the seek position of the file will not
         be preserved.
 
         Returns a str holding uncompressed data for the requested revision.
         """
         return self.decompress(self._getsegmentforrevs(rev, rev, df=df)[1])
 
     def _chunks(self, revs, df=None):
         """Obtain decompressed chunks for the specified revisions.
 
         Accepts an iterable of numeric revisions that are assumed to be in
         ascending order. Also accepts an optional already-open file handle
         to be used for reading. If used, the seek position of the file will
         not be preserved.
 
         This function is similar to calling ``self._chunk()`` multiple times,
         but is faster.
 
         Returns a list with decompressed data for each requested revision.
         """
         if not revs:
             return []
         start = self.start
         length = self.length
         inline = self._inline
         iosize = self._io.size
         buffer = util.buffer
 
         l = []
         ladd = l.append
 
         try:
             offset, data = self._getsegmentforrevs(revs[0], revs[-1], df=df)
         except OverflowError:
             # issue4215 - we can't cache a run of chunks greater than
             # 2G on Windows
             return [self._chunk(rev, df=df) for rev in revs]
 
         decomp = self.decompress
         for rev in revs:
             chunkstart = start(rev)
             if inline:
                 chunkstart += (rev + 1) * iosize
             chunklength = length(rev)
             ladd(decomp(buffer(data, chunkstart - offset, chunklength)))
 
         return l
 
     def _chunkclear(self):
         """Clear the raw chunk cache."""
         self._chunkcache = (0, '')
 
     def deltaparent(self, rev):
         """return deltaparent of the given revision"""
         base = self.index[rev][3]
         if base == rev:
             return nullrev
         elif self._generaldelta:
             return base
         else:
             return rev - 1
 
     def revdiff(self, rev1, rev2):
         """return or calculate a delta between two revisions
 
         The delta calculated is in binary form and is intended to be written to
         revlog data directly. So this function needs raw revision data.
         """
         if rev1 != nullrev and self.deltaparent(rev2) == rev1:
             return bytes(self._chunk(rev2))
 
         return mdiff.textdiff(self.revision(rev1, raw=True),
                               self.revision(rev2, raw=True))
 
     def revision(self, nodeorrev, _df=None, raw=False):
         """return an uncompressed revision of a given node or revision
         number.
 
         _df - an existing file handle to read from. (internal-only)
         raw - an optional argument specifying if the revision data is to be
         treated as raw data when applying flag transforms. 'raw' should be set
         to True when generating changegroups or in debug commands.
         """
         if isinstance(nodeorrev, int):
             rev = nodeorrev
             node = self.node(rev)
         else:
             node = nodeorrev
             rev = None
 
         cachedrev = None
         flags = None
         rawtext = None
         if node == nullid:
             return ""
         if self._cache:
             if self._cache[0] == node:
                 # _cache only stores rawtext
                 if raw:
                     return self._cache[2]
                 # duplicated, but good for perf
                 if rev is None:
                     rev = self.rev(node)
                 if flags is None:
                     flags = self.flags(rev)
                 # no extra flags set, no flag processor runs, text = rawtext
                 if flags == REVIDX_DEFAULT_FLAGS:
                     return self._cache[2]
                 # rawtext is reusable. need to run flag processor
                 rawtext = self._cache[2]
 
             cachedrev = self._cache[1]
 
         # look up what we need to read
         if rawtext is None:
             if rev is None:
                 rev = self.rev(node)
 
             chain, stopped = self._deltachain(rev, stoprev=cachedrev)
             if stopped:
                 rawtext = self._cache[2]
 
             # drop cache to save memory
             self._cache = None
 
             bins = self._chunks(chain, df=_df)
             if rawtext is None:
                 rawtext = bytes(bins[0])
                 bins = bins[1:]
 
             rawtext = mdiff.patches(rawtext, bins)
             self._cache = (node, rev, rawtext)
 
         if flags is None:
             if rev is None:
                 rev = self.rev(node)
             flags = self.flags(rev)
 
         text, validatehash = self._processflags(rawtext, flags, 'read', raw=raw)
         if validatehash:
             self.checkhash(text, node, rev=rev)
 
         return text
 
     def hash(self, text, p1, p2):
         """Compute a node hash.
 
         Available as a function so that subclasses can replace the hash
         as needed.
         """
         return hash(text, p1, p2)
 
     def _processflags(self, text, flags, operation, raw=False):
         """Inspect revision data flags and applies transforms defined by
         registered flag processors.
 
         ``text`` - the revision data to process
         ``flags`` - the revision flags
         ``operation`` - the operation being performed (read or write)
         ``raw`` - an optional argument describing if the raw transform should be
         applied.
 
         This method processes the flags in the order (or reverse order if
         ``operation`` is 'write') defined by REVIDX_FLAGS_ORDER, applying the
         flag processors registered for present flags. The order of flags defined
         in REVIDX_FLAGS_ORDER needs to be stable to allow non-commutativity.
 
         Returns a 2-tuple of ``(text, validatehash)`` where ``text`` is the
         processed text and ``validatehash`` is a bool indicating whether the
         returned text should be checked for hash integrity.
 
         Note: If the ``raw`` argument is set, it has precedence over the
         operation and will only update the value of ``validatehash``.
         """
         # fast path: no flag processors will run
         if flags == 0:
             return text, True
         if not operation in ('read', 'write'):
             raise ProgrammingError(_("invalid '%s' operation ") % (operation))
         # Check all flags are known.
         if flags & ~REVIDX_KNOWN_FLAGS:
             raise RevlogError(_("incompatible revision flag '%#x'") %
                               (flags & ~REVIDX_KNOWN_FLAGS))
         validatehash = True
         # Depending on the operation (read or write), the order might be
         # reversed due to non-commutative transforms.
         orderedflags = REVIDX_FLAGS_ORDER
         if operation == 'write':
             orderedflags = reversed(orderedflags)
 
         for flag in orderedflags:
             # If a flagprocessor has been registered for a known flag, apply the
             # related operation transform and update result tuple.
             if flag & flags:
                 vhash = True
 
                 if flag not in _flagprocessors:
                     message = _("missing processor for flag '%#x'") % (flag)
                     raise RevlogError(message)
 
                 processor = _flagprocessors[flag]
                 if processor is not None:
                     readtransform, writetransform, rawtransform = processor
 
                     if raw:
                         vhash = rawtransform(self, text)
                     elif operation == 'read':
                         text, vhash = readtransform(self, text)
                     else: # write operation
                         text, vhash = writetransform(self, text)
                 validatehash = validatehash and vhash
 
         return text, validatehash
 
     def checkhash(self, text, node, p1=None, p2=None, rev=None):
         """Check node hash integrity.
 
         Available as a function so that subclasses can extend hash mismatch
         behaviors as needed.
         """
         if p1 is None and p2 is None:
             p1, p2 = self.parents(node)
         if node != self.hash(text, p1, p2):
             revornode = rev
             if revornode is None:
                 revornode = templatefilters.short(hex(node))
             raise RevlogError(_("integrity check failed on %s:%s")
                 % (self.indexfile, revornode))
 
     def checkinlinesize(self, tr, fp=None):
         """Check if the revlog is too big for inline and convert if so.
 
         This should be called after revisions are added to the revlog. If the
         revlog has grown too large to be an inline revlog, it will convert it
         to use multiple index and data files.
         """
         if not self._inline or (self.start(-2) + self.length(-2)) < _maxinline:
             return
 
         trinfo = tr.find(self.indexfile)
         if trinfo is None:
             raise RevlogError(_("%s not found in the transaction")
                               % self.indexfile)
 
         trindex = trinfo[2]
         if trindex is not None:
             dataoff = self.start(trindex)
         else:
             # revlog was stripped at start of transaction, use all leftover data
             trindex = len(self) - 1
             dataoff = self.end(-2)
 
         tr.add(self.datafile, dataoff)
 
         if fp:
             fp.flush()
             fp.close()
 
         df = self.opener(self.datafile, 'w')
         try:
             for r in self:
                 df.write(self._getsegmentforrevs(r, r)[1])
         finally:
             df.close()
 
         fp = self.opener(self.indexfile, 'w', atomictemp=True,
                          checkambig=self._checkambig)
         self.version &= ~FLAG_INLINE_DATA
         self._inline = False
         for i in self:
             e = self._io.packentry(self.index[i], self.node, self.version, i)
             fp.write(e)
 
         # if we don't call close, the temp file will never replace the
         # real index
         fp.close()
 
         tr.replace(self.indexfile, trindex * self._io.size)
         self._chunkclear()
 
     def addrevision(self, text, transaction, link, p1, p2, cachedelta=None,
                     node=None, flags=REVIDX_DEFAULT_FLAGS):
         """add a revision to the log
 
         text - the revision data to add
         transaction - the transaction object used for rollback
         link - the linkrev data to add
         p1, p2 - the parent nodeids of the revision
         cachedelta - an optional precomputed delta
         node - nodeid of revision; typically node is not specified, and it is
             computed by default as hash(text, p1, p2), however subclasses might
             use different hashing method (and override checkhash() in such case)
         flags - the known flags to set on the revision
         """
         if link == nullrev:
             raise RevlogError(_("attempted to add linkrev -1 to %s")
                               % self.indexfile)
 
         if flags:
             node = node or self.hash(text, p1, p2)
 
         rawtext, validatehash = self._processflags(text, flags, 'write')
 
         # If the flag processor modifies the revision data, ignore any provided
         # cachedelta.
         if rawtext != text:
             cachedelta = None
 
         if len(rawtext) > _maxentrysize:
             raise RevlogError(
                 _("%s: size of %d bytes exceeds maximum revlog storage of 2GiB")
                 % (self.indexfile, len(rawtext)))
 
         node = node or self.hash(rawtext, p1, p2)
         if node in self.nodemap:
             return node
 
         if validatehash:
             self.checkhash(rawtext, node, p1=p1, p2=p2)
 
         return self.addrawrevision(rawtext, transaction, link, p1, p2, node,
                                    flags, cachedelta=cachedelta)
 
     def addrawrevision(self, rawtext, transaction, link, p1, p2, node, flags,
                        cachedelta=None):
         """add a raw revision with known flags, node and parents
         useful when reusing a revision not stored in this revlog (ex: received
         over wire, or read from an external bundle).
         """
         dfh = None
         if not self._inline:
             dfh = self.opener(self.datafile, "a+")
         ifh = self.opener(self.indexfile, "a+", checkambig=self._checkambig)
         try:
             return self._addrevision(node, rawtext, transaction, link, p1, p2,
                                      flags, cachedelta, ifh, dfh)
         finally:
             if dfh:
                 dfh.close()
             ifh.close()
 
     def compress(self, data):
         """Generate a possibly-compressed representation of data."""
         if not data:
             return '', data
 
         compressed = self._compressor.compress(data)
 
         if compressed:
             # The revlog compressor added the header in the returned data.
             return '', compressed
 
         if data[0:1] == '\0':
             return '', data
         return 'u', data
 
     def decompress(self, data):
         """Decompress a revlog chunk.
 
         The chunk is expected to begin with a header identifying the
         format type so it can be routed to an appropriate decompressor.
         """
         if not data:
             return data
 
         # Revlogs are read much more frequently than they are written and many
         # chunks only take microseconds to decompress, so performance is
         # important here.
         #
         # We can make a few assumptions about revlogs:
         #
         # 1) the majority of chunks will be compressed (as opposed to inline
         #    raw data).
         # 2) decompressing *any* data will likely by at least 10x slower than
         #    returning raw inline data.
         # 3) we want to prioritize common and officially supported compression
         #    engines
         #
         # It follows that we want to optimize for "decompress compressed data
         # when encoded with common and officially supported compression engines"
         # case over "raw data" and "data encoded by less common or non-official
         # compression engines." That is why we have the inline lookup first
         # followed by the compengines lookup.
         #
         # According to `hg perfrevlogchunks`, this is ~0.5% faster for zlib
         # compressed chunks. And this matters for changelog and manifest reads.
         t = data[0:1]
 
         if t == 'x':
             try:
                 return _zlibdecompress(data)
             except zlib.error as e:
                 raise RevlogError(_('revlog decompress error: %s') % str(e))
         # '\0' is more common than 'u' so it goes first.
         elif t == '\0':
             return data
         elif t == 'u':
             return util.buffer(data, 1)
 
         try:
             compressor = self._decompressors[t]
         except KeyError:
             try:
                 engine = util.compengines.forrevlogheader(t)
                 compressor = engine.revlogcompressor()
                 self._decompressors[t] = compressor
             except KeyError:
                 raise RevlogError(_('unknown compression type %r') % t)
 
         return compressor.decompress(data)
 
     def _isgooddelta(self, d, textlen):
         """Returns True if the given delta is good. Good means that it is within
         the disk span, disk size, and chain length bounds that we know to be
         performant."""
         if d is None:
             return False
 
         # - 'dist' is the distance from the base revision -- bounding it limits
         #   the amount of I/O we need to do.
         # - 'compresseddeltalen' is the sum of the total size of deltas we need
         #   to apply -- bounding it limits the amount of CPU we consume.
         dist, l, data, base, chainbase, chainlen, compresseddeltalen = d
 
         defaultmax = textlen * 4
         maxdist = self._maxdeltachainspan
         if not maxdist:
             maxdist = dist # ensure the conditional pass
         maxdist = max(maxdist, defaultmax)
         if (dist > maxdist or l > textlen or
             compresseddeltalen > textlen * 2 or
             (self._maxchainlen and chainlen > self._maxchainlen)):
             return False
 
         return True
 
     def _addrevision(self, node, rawtext, transaction, link, p1, p2, flags,
                      cachedelta, ifh, dfh, alwayscache=False):
         """internal function to add revisions to the log
 
         see addrevision for argument descriptions.
 
         note: "addrevision" takes non-raw text, "_addrevision" takes raw text.
 
         invariants:
         - rawtext is optional (can be None); if not set, cachedelta must be set.
           if both are set, they must correspond to each other.
         """
         btext = [rawtext]
         def buildtext():
             if btext[0] is not None:
                 return btext[0]
             baserev = cachedelta[0]
             delta = cachedelta[1]
             # special case deltas which replace entire base; no need to decode
             # base revision. this neatly avoids censored bases, which throw when
             # they're decoded.
             hlen = struct.calcsize(">lll")
             if delta[:hlen] == mdiff.replacediffheader(self.rawsize(baserev),
                                                        len(delta) - hlen):
                 btext[0] = delta[hlen:]
             else:
                 if self._inline:
                     fh = ifh
                 else:
                     fh = dfh
                 basetext = self.revision(baserev, _df=fh, raw=True)
                 btext[0] = mdiff.patch(basetext, delta)
 
             try:
                 res = self._processflags(btext[0], flags, 'read', raw=True)
                 btext[0], validatehash = res
                 if validatehash:
                     self.checkhash(btext[0], node, p1=p1, p2=p2)
                 if flags & REVIDX_ISCENSORED:
                     raise RevlogError(_('node %s is not censored') % node)
             except CensoredNodeError:
                 # must pass the censored index flag to add censored revisions
                 if not flags & REVIDX_ISCENSORED:
                     raise
             return btext[0]
 
         def builddelta(rev):
             # can we use the cached delta?
             if cachedelta and cachedelta[0] == rev:
                 delta = cachedelta[1]
             else:
                 t = buildtext()
                 if self.iscensored(rev):
                     # deltas based on a censored revision must replace the
                     # full content in one patch, so delta works everywhere
                     header = mdiff.replacediffheader(self.rawsize(rev), len(t))
                     delta = header + t
                 else:
                     if self._inline:
                         fh = ifh
                     else:
                         fh = dfh
                     ptext = self.revision(rev, _df=fh, raw=True)
                     delta = mdiff.textdiff(ptext, t)
             header, data = self.compress(delta)
             deltalen = len(header) + len(data)
             chainbase = self.chainbase(rev)
             dist = deltalen + offset - self.start(chainbase)
             if self._generaldelta:
                 base = rev
             else:
                 base = chainbase
             chainlen, compresseddeltalen = self._chaininfo(rev)
             chainlen += 1
             compresseddeltalen += deltalen
             return (dist, deltalen, (header, data), base,
                     chainbase, chainlen, compresseddeltalen)
 
         curr = len(self)
         prev = curr - 1
         offset = self.end(prev)
         delta = None
         p1r, p2r = self.rev(p1), self.rev(p2)
 
         # full versions are inserted when the needed deltas
         # become comparable to the uncompressed text
         if rawtext is None:
             textlen = mdiff.patchedsize(self.rawsize(cachedelta[0]),
                                         cachedelta[1])
         else:
             textlen = len(rawtext)
 
         # should we try to build a delta?
         if prev != nullrev and self.storedeltachains:
             tested = set()
             # This condition is true most of the time when processing
             # changegroup data into a generaldelta repo. The only time it
             # isn't true is if this is the first revision in a delta chain
             # or if ``format.generaldelta=true`` disabled ``lazydeltabase``.
             if cachedelta and self._generaldelta and self._lazydeltabase:
                 # Assume what we received from the server is a good choice
                 # build delta will reuse the cache
                 candidatedelta = builddelta(cachedelta[0])
                 tested.add(cachedelta[0])
                 if self._isgooddelta(candidatedelta, textlen):
                     delta = candidatedelta
             if delta is None and self._generaldelta:
                 # exclude already lazy tested base if any
                 parents = [p for p in (p1r, p2r)
                            if p != nullrev and p not in tested]
                 if parents and not self._aggressivemergedeltas:
                     # Pick whichever parent is closer to us (to minimize the
                     # chance of having to build a fulltext).
                     parents = [max(parents)]
                 tested.update(parents)
                 pdeltas = []
                 for p in parents:
                     pd = builddelta(p)
                     if self._isgooddelta(pd, textlen):
                         pdeltas.append(pd)
                 if pdeltas:
                     delta = min(pdeltas, key=lambda x: x[1])
             if delta is None and prev not in tested:
                 # other approach failed try against prev to hopefully save us a
                 # fulltext.
                 candidatedelta = builddelta(prev)
                 if self._isgooddelta(candidatedelta, textlen):
                     delta = candidatedelta
         if delta is not None:
             dist, l, data, base, chainbase, chainlen, compresseddeltalen = delta
         else:
             rawtext = buildtext()
             data = self.compress(rawtext)
             l = len(data[1]) + len(data[0])
             base = chainbase = curr
 
         e = (offset_type(offset, flags), l, textlen,
              base, link, p1r, p2r, node)
         self.index.insert(-1, e)
         self.nodemap[node] = curr
 
         entry = self._io.packentry(e, self.node, self.version, curr)
         self._writeentry(transaction, ifh, dfh, entry, data, link, offset)
 
         if alwayscache and rawtext is None:
             rawtext = buildtext()
 
         if type(rawtext) == str: # only accept immutable objects
             self._cache = (node, curr, rawtext)
         self._chainbasecache[curr] = chainbase
         return node
 
     def _writeentry(self, transaction, ifh, dfh, entry, data, link, offset):
         # Files opened in a+ mode have inconsistent behavior on various
         # platforms. Windows requires that a file positioning call be made
         # when the file handle transitions between reads and writes. See
         # 3686fa2b8eee and the mixedfilemodewrapper in windows.py. On other
         # platforms, Python or the platform itself can be buggy. Some versions
         # of Solaris have been observed to not append at the end of the file
         # if the file was seeked to before the end. See issue4943 for more.
         #
         # We work around this issue by inserting a seek() before writing.
         # Note: This is likely not necessary on Python 3.
         ifh.seek(0, os.SEEK_END)
         if dfh:
             dfh.seek(0, os.SEEK_END)
 
         curr = len(self) - 1
         if not self._inline:
             transaction.add(self.datafile, offset)
             transaction.add(self.indexfile, curr * len(entry))
             if data[0]:
                 dfh.write(data[0])
             dfh.write(data[1])
             ifh.write(entry)
         else:
             offset += curr * self._io.size
             transaction.add(self.indexfile, offset, curr)
             ifh.write(entry)
             ifh.write(data[0])
             ifh.write(data[1])
             self.checkinlinesize(transaction, ifh)
 
     def addgroup(self, cg, linkmapper, transaction, addrevisioncb=None):
         """
         add a delta group
 
         given a set of deltas, add them to the revision log. the
         first delta is against its parent, which should be in our
         log, the rest are against the previous delta.
 
         If ``addrevisioncb`` is defined, it will be called with arguments of
         this revlog and the node that was added.
         """
 
         nodes = []
 
         r = len(self)
         end = 0
         if r:
             end = self.end(r - 1)
         ifh = self.opener(self.indexfile, "a+", checkambig=self._checkambig)
         isize = r * self._io.size
         if self._inline:
             transaction.add(self.indexfile, end + isize, r)
             dfh = None
         else:
             transaction.add(self.indexfile, isize, r)
             transaction.add(self.datafile, end)
             dfh = self.opener(self.datafile, "a+")
         def flush():
             if dfh:
                 dfh.flush()
             ifh.flush()
         try:
             # loop through our set of deltas
             chain = None
             for chunkdata in iter(lambda: cg.deltachunk(chain), {}):
                 node = chunkdata['node']
                 p1 = chunkdata['p1']
                 p2 = chunkdata['p2']
                 cs = chunkdata['cs']
                 deltabase = chunkdata['deltabase']
                 delta = chunkdata['delta']
                 flags = chunkdata['flags'] or REVIDX_DEFAULT_FLAGS
 
                 nodes.append(node)
 
                 link = linkmapper(cs)
                 if node in self.nodemap:
                     # this can happen if two branches make the same change
                     chain = node
                     continue
 
                 for p in (p1, p2):
                     if p not in self.nodemap:
                         raise LookupError(p, self.indexfile,
                                           _('unknown parent'))
 
                 if deltabase not in self.nodemap:
                     raise LookupError(deltabase, self.indexfile,
                                       _('unknown delta base'))
 
                 baserev = self.rev(deltabase)
 
                 if baserev != nullrev and self.iscensored(baserev):
                     # if base is censored, delta must be full replacement in a
                     # single patch operation
                     hlen = struct.calcsize(">lll")
                     oldlen = self.rawsize(baserev)
                     newlen = len(delta) - hlen
                     if delta[:hlen] != mdiff.replacediffheader(oldlen, newlen):
                         raise error.CensoredBaseError(self.indexfile,
                                                       self.node(baserev))
 
                 if not flags and self._peek_iscensored(baserev, delta, flush):
                     flags |= REVIDX_ISCENSORED
 
                 # We assume consumers of addrevisioncb will want to retrieve
                 # the added revision, which will require a call to
                 # revision(). revision() will fast path if there is a cache
                 # hit. So, we tell _addrevision() to always cache in this case.
                 # We're only using addgroup() in the context of changegroup
                 # generation so the revision data can always be handled as raw
                 # by the flagprocessor.
                 chain = self._addrevision(node, None, transaction, link,
                                           p1, p2, flags, (baserev, delta),
                                           ifh, dfh,
                                           alwayscache=bool(addrevisioncb))
 
                 if addrevisioncb:
                     addrevisioncb(self, chain)
 
                 if not dfh and not self._inline:
                     # addrevision switched from inline to conventional
                     # reopen the index
                     ifh.close()
                     dfh = self.opener(self.datafile, "a+")
                     ifh = self.opener(self.indexfile, "a+",
                                       checkambig=self._checkambig)
         finally:
             if dfh:
                 dfh.close()
             ifh.close()
 
         return nodes
 
     def iscensored(self, rev):
         """Check if a file revision is censored."""
         return False
 
     def _peek_iscensored(self, baserev, delta, flush):
         """Quickly check if a delta produces a censored revision."""
         return False
 
     def getstrippoint(self, minlink):
         """find the minimum rev that must be stripped to strip the linkrev
 
         Returns a tuple containing the minimum rev and a set of all revs that
         have linkrevs that will be broken by this strip.
         """
         brokenrevs = set()
         strippoint = len(self)
 
         heads = {}
         futurelargelinkrevs = set()
         for head in self.headrevs():
             headlinkrev = self.linkrev(head)
             heads[head] = headlinkrev
             if headlinkrev >= minlink:
                 futurelargelinkrevs.add(headlinkrev)
 
         # This algorithm involves walking down the rev graph, starting at the
         # heads. Since the revs are topologically sorted according to linkrev,
         # once all head linkrevs are below the minlink, we know there are
         # no more revs that could have a linkrev greater than minlink.
         # So we can stop walking.
         while futurelargelinkrevs:
             strippoint -= 1
             linkrev = heads.pop(strippoint)
 
             if linkrev < minlink:
                 brokenrevs.add(strippoint)
             else:
                 futurelargelinkrevs.remove(linkrev)
 
             for p in self.parentrevs(strippoint):
                 if p != nullrev:
                     plinkrev = self.linkrev(p)
                     heads[p] = plinkrev
                     if plinkrev >= minlink:
                         futurelargelinkrevs.add(plinkrev)
 
         return strippoint, brokenrevs
 
     def strip(self, minlink, transaction):
         """truncate the revlog on the first revision with a linkrev >= minlink
 
         This function is called when we're stripping revision minlink and
         its descendants from the repository.
 
         We have to remove all revisions with linkrev >= minlink, because
         the equivalent changelog revisions will be renumbered after the
         strip.
 
         So we truncate the revlog on the first of these revisions, and
         trust that the caller has saved the revisions that shouldn't be
         removed and that it'll re-add them after this truncation.
         """
         if len(self) == 0:
             return
 
         rev, _ = self.getstrippoint(minlink)
         if rev == len(self):
             return
 
         # first truncate the files on disk
         end = self.start(rev)
         if not self._inline:
             transaction.add(self.datafile, end)
             end = rev * self._io.size
         else:
             end += rev * self._io.size
 
         transaction.add(self.indexfile, end)
 
         # then reset internal state in memory to forget those revisions
         self._cache = None
         self._chaininfocache = {}
         self._chunkclear()
         for x in xrange(rev, len(self)):
             del self.nodemap[self.node(x)]
 
         del self.index[rev:-1]
 
     def checksize(self):
         expected = 0
         if len(self):
             expected = max(0, self.end(len(self) - 1))
 
         try:
             f = self.opener(self.datafile)
             f.seek(0, 2)
             actual = f.tell()
             f.close()
             dd = actual - expected
         except IOError as inst:
             if inst.errno != errno.ENOENT:
                 raise
             dd = 0
 
         try:
             f = self.opener(self.indexfile)
             f.seek(0, 2)
             actual = f.tell()
             f.close()
             s = self._io.size
             i = max(0, actual // s)
             di = actual - (i * s)
             if self._inline:
                 databytes = 0
                 for r in self:
                     databytes += max(0, self.length(r))
                 dd = 0
                 di = actual - len(self) * s - databytes
         except IOError as inst:
             if inst.errno != errno.ENOENT:
                 raise
             di = 0
 
         return (dd, di)
 
     def files(self):
         res = [self.indexfile]
         if not self._inline:
             res.append(self.datafile)
         return res
 
     DELTAREUSEALWAYS = 'always'
     DELTAREUSESAMEREVS = 'samerevs'
     DELTAREUSENEVER = 'never'
 
     DELTAREUSEALL = {'always', 'samerevs', 'never'}
 
     def clone(self, tr, destrevlog, addrevisioncb=None,
               deltareuse=DELTAREUSESAMEREVS, aggressivemergedeltas=None):
         """Copy this revlog to another, possibly with format changes.
 
         The destination revlog will contain the same revisions and nodes.
         However, it may not be bit-for-bit identical due to e.g. delta encoding
         differences.
 
         The ``deltareuse`` argument control how deltas from the existing revlog
         are preserved in the destination revlog. The argument can have the
         following values:
 
         DELTAREUSEALWAYS
            Deltas will always be reused (if possible), even if the destination
            revlog would not select the same revisions for the delta. This is the
            fastest mode of operation.
         DELTAREUSESAMEREVS
            Deltas will be reused if the destination revlog would pick the same
            revisions for the delta. This mode strikes a balance between speed
            and optimization.
         DELTAREUSENEVER
            Deltas will never be reused. This is the slowest mode of execution.
            This mode can be used to recompute deltas (e.g. if the diff/delta
            algorithm changes).
 
         Delta computation can be slow, so the choice of delta reuse policy can
         significantly affect run time.
 
         The default policy (``DELTAREUSESAMEREVS``) strikes a balance between
         two extremes. Deltas will be reused if they are appropriate. But if the
         delta could choose a better revision, it will do so. This means if you
         are converting a non-generaldelta revlog to a generaldelta revlog,
         deltas will be recomputed if the delta's parent isn't a parent of the
         revision.
 
         In addition to the delta policy, the ``aggressivemergedeltas`` argument
         controls whether to compute deltas against both parents for merges.
         By default, the current default is used.
         """
         if deltareuse not in self.DELTAREUSEALL:
             raise ValueError(_('value for deltareuse invalid: %s') % deltareuse)
 
         if len(destrevlog):
             raise ValueError(_('destination revlog is not empty'))
 
         if getattr(self, 'filteredrevs', None):
             raise ValueError(_('source revlog has filtered revisions'))
         if getattr(destrevlog, 'filteredrevs', None):
             raise ValueError(_('destination revlog has filtered revisions'))
 
         # lazydeltabase controls whether to reuse a cached delta, if possible.
         oldlazydeltabase = destrevlog._lazydeltabase
         oldamd = destrevlog._aggressivemergedeltas
 
         try:
             if deltareuse == self.DELTAREUSEALWAYS:
                 destrevlog._lazydeltabase = True
             elif deltareuse == self.DELTAREUSESAMEREVS:
                 destrevlog._lazydeltabase = False
 
             destrevlog._aggressivemergedeltas = aggressivemergedeltas or oldamd
 
             populatecachedelta = deltareuse in (self.DELTAREUSEALWAYS,
                                                 self.DELTAREUSESAMEREVS)
 
             index = self.index
             for rev in self:
                 entry = index[rev]
 
                 # Some classes override linkrev to take filtered revs into
                 # account. Use raw entry from index.
                 flags = entry[0] & 0xffff
                 linkrev = entry[4]
                 p1 = index[entry[5]][7]
                 p2 = index[entry[6]][7]
                 node = entry[7]
 
                 # (Possibly) reuse the delta from the revlog if allowed and
                 # the revlog chunk is a delta.
                 cachedelta = None
                 rawtext = None
                 if populatecachedelta:
                     dp = self.deltaparent(rev)
                     if dp != nullrev:
                         cachedelta = (dp, str(self._chunk(rev)))
 
                 if not cachedelta:
                     rawtext = self.revision(rev, raw=True)
 
                 ifh = destrevlog.opener(destrevlog.indexfile, 'a+',
                                         checkambig=False)
                 dfh = None
                 if not destrevlog._inline:
                     dfh = destrevlog.opener(destrevlog.datafile, 'a+')
                 try:
                     destrevlog._addrevision(node, rawtext, tr, linkrev, p1, p2,
                                             flags, cachedelta, ifh, dfh)
                 finally:
                     if dfh:
                         dfh.close()
                     ifh.close()
 
                 if addrevisioncb:
                     addrevisioncb(self, rev, node)
         finally:
             destrevlog._lazydeltabase = oldlazydeltabase
             destrevlog._aggressivemergedeltas = oldamd