rust-utils: add Rust implementation of Python's "os.path.splitdrive"

I also wrote the NT version although I didn't mean to at first, so I thought
I would keep it, so that any further effort to get the Rust code working on
Windows is a little easier.

Differential Revision: https://phab.mercurial-scm.org/D7864

rust/hg-core/src/utils/hg_path.rs

@@ -1,476 +1,646 b''
 // hg_path.rs
 //
 // Copyright 2019 Raphaël Gomès <[e-mail]>
 //
 // This software may be used and distributed according to the terms of the
 // GNU General Public License version 2 or any later version.
 
 use std::borrow::Borrow;
 use std::ffi::{OsStr, OsString};
 use std::fmt;
 use std::ops::Deref;
 use std::path::{Path, PathBuf};
 
 #[derive(Debug, Eq, PartialEq)]
 pub enum HgPathError {
     /// Bytes from the invalid `HgPath`
     LeadingSlash(Vec<u8>),
     /// Bytes and index of the second slash
     ConsecutiveSlashes(Vec<u8>, usize),
     /// Bytes and index of the null byte
     ContainsNullByte(Vec<u8>, usize),
     /// Bytes
     DecodeError(Vec<u8>),
 }
 
 impl ToString for HgPathError {
     fn to_string(&self) -> String {
         match self {
             HgPathError::LeadingSlash(bytes) => {
                 format!("Invalid HgPath '{:?}': has a leading slash.", bytes)
             }
             HgPathError::ConsecutiveSlashes(bytes, pos) => format!(
                 "Invalid HgPath '{:?}': consecutive slahes at pos {}.",
                 bytes, pos
             ),
             HgPathError::ContainsNullByte(bytes, pos) => format!(
                 "Invalid HgPath '{:?}': contains null byte at pos {}.",
                 bytes, pos
             ),
             HgPathError::DecodeError(bytes) => {
                 format!("Invalid HgPath '{:?}': could not be decoded.", bytes)
             }
         }
     }
 }
 
 impl From<HgPathError> for std::io::Error {
     fn from(e: HgPathError) -> Self {
         std::io::Error::new(std::io::ErrorKind::InvalidData, e.to_string())
     }
 }
 
 /// This is a repository-relative path (or canonical path):
 ///     - no null characters
 ///     - `/` separates directories
 ///     - no consecutive slashes
 ///     - no leading slash,
 ///     - no `.` nor `..` of special meaning
 ///     - stored in repository and shared across platforms
 ///
 /// Note: there is no guarantee of any `HgPath` being well-formed at any point
 /// in its lifetime for performance reasons and to ease ergonomics. It is
 /// however checked using the `check_state` method before any file-system
 /// operation.
 ///
 /// This allows us to be encoding-transparent as much as possible, until really
 /// needed; `HgPath` can be transformed into a platform-specific path (`OsStr`
 /// or `Path`) whenever more complex operations are needed:
 /// On Unix, it's just byte-to-byte conversion. On Windows, it has to be
 /// decoded from MBCS to WTF-8. If WindowsUTF8Plan is implemented, the source
 /// character encoding will be determined on a per-repository basis.
 //
 // FIXME: (adapted from a comment in the stdlib)
 // `HgPath::new()` current implementation relies on `Slice` being
 // layout-compatible with `[u8]`.
 // When attribute privacy is implemented, `Slice` should be annotated as
 // `#[repr(transparent)]`.
 // Anyway, `Slice` representation and layout are considered implementation
 // detail, are not documented and must not be relied upon.
 #[derive(Eq, Ord, PartialEq, PartialOrd, Hash)]
 pub struct HgPath {
     inner: [u8],
 }
 
 impl HgPath {
     pub fn new<S: AsRef<[u8]> + ?Sized>(s: &S) -> &Self {
         unsafe { &*(s.as_ref() as *const [u8] as *const Self) }
     }
     pub fn is_empty(&self) -> bool {
         self.inner.is_empty()
     }
     pub fn len(&self) -> usize {
         self.inner.len()
     }
     fn to_hg_path_buf(&self) -> HgPathBuf {
         HgPathBuf {
             inner: self.inner.to_owned(),
         }
     }
     pub fn bytes(&self) -> std::slice::Iter<u8> {
         self.inner.iter()
     }
     pub fn to_ascii_uppercase(&self) -> HgPathBuf {
         HgPathBuf::from(self.inner.to_ascii_uppercase())
     }
     pub fn to_ascii_lowercase(&self) -> HgPathBuf {
         HgPathBuf::from(self.inner.to_ascii_lowercase())
     }
     pub fn as_bytes(&self) -> &[u8] {
         &self.inner
     }
     pub fn contains(&self, other: u8) -> bool {
         self.inner.contains(&other)
     }
     pub fn starts_with(&self, needle: impl AsRef<HgPath>) -> bool {
         self.inner.starts_with(needle.as_ref().as_bytes())
     }
     pub fn join<T: ?Sized + AsRef<HgPath>>(&self, other: &T) -> HgPathBuf {
         let mut inner = self.inner.to_owned();
         if inner.len() != 0 && inner.last() != Some(&b'/') {
             inner.push(b'/');
         }
         inner.extend(other.as_ref().bytes());
         HgPathBuf::from_bytes(&inner)
     }
     /// Given a base directory, returns the slice of `self` relative to the
     /// base directory. If `base` is not a directory (does not end with a
     /// `b'/'`), returns `None`.
     pub fn relative_to(&self, base: impl AsRef<HgPath>) -> Option<&HgPath> {
         let base = base.as_ref();
         if base.is_empty() {
             return Some(self);
         }
         let is_dir = base.as_bytes().ends_with(b"/");
         if is_dir && self.starts_with(base) {
             Some(HgPath::new(&self.inner[base.len()..]))
         } else {
             None
         }
     }
+
+    #[cfg(windows)]
+    /// Copied from the Python stdlib's `os.path.splitdrive` implementation.
+    ///
+    /// Split a pathname into drive/UNC sharepoint and relative path specifiers.
+    /// Returns a 2-tuple (drive_or_unc, path); either part may be empty.
+    ///
+    /// If you assign
+    ///  result = split_drive(p)
+    /// It is always true that:
+    ///  result[0] + result[1] == p
+    ///
+    /// If the path contained a drive letter, drive_or_unc will contain everything
+    /// up to and including the colon.
+    /// e.g. split_drive("c:/dir") returns ("c:", "/dir")
+    ///
+    /// If the path contained a UNC path, the drive_or_unc will contain the host
+    /// name and share up to but not including the fourth directory separator
+    /// character.
+    /// e.g. split_drive("//host/computer/dir") returns ("//host/computer", "/dir")
+    ///
+    /// Paths cannot contain both a drive letter and a UNC path.
+    pub fn split_drive<'a>(&self) -> (&HgPath, &HgPath) {
+        let bytes = self.as_bytes();
+        let is_sep = |b| std::path::is_separator(b as char);
+
+        if self.len() < 2 {
+            (HgPath::new(b""), &self)
+        } else if is_sep(bytes[0])
+            && is_sep(bytes[1])
+            && (self.len() == 2 || !is_sep(bytes[2]))
+        {
+            // Is a UNC path:
+            // vvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvvv drive letter or UNC path
+            // \\machine\mountpoint\directory\etc\...
+            //           directory ^^^^^^^^^^^^^^^
+
+            let machine_end_index = bytes[2..].iter().position(|b| is_sep(*b));
+            let mountpoint_start_index = if let Some(i) = machine_end_index {
+                i + 2
+            } else {
+                return (HgPath::new(b""), &self);
+            };
+
+            match bytes[mountpoint_start_index + 1..]
+                .iter()
+                .position(|b| is_sep(*b))
+            {
+                // A UNC path can't have two slashes in a row
+                // (after the initial two)
+                Some(0) => (HgPath::new(b""), &self),
+                Some(i) => {
+                    let (a, b) =
+                        bytes.split_at(mountpoint_start_index + 1 + i);
+                    (HgPath::new(a), HgPath::new(b))
+                }
+                None => (&self, HgPath::new(b"")),
+            }
+        } else if bytes[1] == b':' {
+            // Drive path c:\directory
+            let (a, b) = bytes.split_at(2);
+            (HgPath::new(a), HgPath::new(b))
+        } else {
+            (HgPath::new(b""), &self)
+        }
+    }
+
+    #[cfg(unix)]
+    /// Split a pathname into drive and path. On Posix, drive is always empty.
+    pub fn split_drive(&self) -> (&HgPath, &HgPath) {
+        (HgPath::new(b""), &self)
+    }
+
     /// Checks for errors in the path, short-circuiting at the first one.
     /// This generates fine-grained errors useful for debugging.
     /// To simply check if the path is valid during tests, use `is_valid`.
     pub fn check_state(&self) -> Result<(), HgPathError> {
         if self.len() == 0 {
             return Ok(());
         }
         let bytes = self.as_bytes();
         let mut previous_byte = None;
 
         if bytes[0] == b'/' {
             return Err(HgPathError::LeadingSlash(bytes.to_vec()));
         }
         for (index, byte) in bytes.iter().enumerate() {
             match byte {
                 0 => {
                     return Err(HgPathError::ContainsNullByte(
                         bytes.to_vec(),
                         index,
                     ))
                 }
                 b'/' => {
                     if previous_byte.is_some() && previous_byte == Some(b'/') {
                         return Err(HgPathError::ConsecutiveSlashes(
                             bytes.to_vec(),
                             index,
                         ));
                     }
                 }
                 _ => (),
             };
             previous_byte = Some(*byte);
         }
         Ok(())
     }
 
     #[cfg(test)]
     /// Only usable during tests to force developers to handle invalid states
     fn is_valid(&self) -> bool {
         self.check_state().is_ok()
     }
 }
 
 impl fmt::Debug for HgPath {
     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
         write!(f, "HgPath({:?})", String::from_utf8_lossy(&self.inner))
     }
 }
 
 impl fmt::Display for HgPath {
     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
         write!(f, "{}", String::from_utf8_lossy(&self.inner))
     }
 }
 
 #[derive(Eq, Ord, Clone, PartialEq, PartialOrd, Hash)]
 pub struct HgPathBuf {
     inner: Vec<u8>,
 }
 
 impl HgPathBuf {
     pub fn new() -> Self {
         Self { inner: Vec::new() }
     }
     pub fn push(&mut self, byte: u8) {
         self.inner.push(byte);
     }
     pub fn from_bytes(s: &[u8]) -> HgPathBuf {
         HgPath::new(s).to_owned()
     }
     pub fn into_vec(self) -> Vec<u8> {
         self.inner
     }
     pub fn as_ref(&self) -> &[u8] {
         self.inner.as_ref()
     }
 }
 
 impl fmt::Debug for HgPathBuf {
     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
         write!(f, "HgPathBuf({:?})", String::from_utf8_lossy(&self.inner))
     }
 }
 
 impl fmt::Display for HgPathBuf {
     fn fmt(&self, f: &mut fmt::Formatter<'_>) -> fmt::Result {
         write!(f, "{}", String::from_utf8_lossy(&self.inner))
     }
 }
 
 impl Deref for HgPathBuf {
     type Target = HgPath;
 
     #[inline]
     fn deref(&self) -> &HgPath {
         &HgPath::new(&self.inner)
     }
 }
 
 impl From<Vec<u8>> for HgPathBuf {
     fn from(vec: Vec<u8>) -> Self {
         Self { inner: vec }
     }
 }
 
 impl<T: ?Sized + AsRef<HgPath>> From<&T> for HgPathBuf {
     fn from(s: &T) -> HgPathBuf {
         s.as_ref().to_owned()
     }
 }
 
 impl Into<Vec<u8>> for HgPathBuf {
     fn into(self) -> Vec<u8> {
         self.inner
     }
 }
 
 impl Borrow<HgPath> for HgPathBuf {
     fn borrow(&self) -> &HgPath {
         &HgPath::new(self.as_bytes())
     }
 }
 
 impl ToOwned for HgPath {
     type Owned = HgPathBuf;
 
     fn to_owned(&self) -> HgPathBuf {
         self.to_hg_path_buf()
     }
 }
 
 impl AsRef<HgPath> for HgPath {
     fn as_ref(&self) -> &HgPath {
         self
     }
 }
 
 impl AsRef<HgPath> for HgPathBuf {
     fn as_ref(&self) -> &HgPath {
         self
     }
 }
 
 impl Extend<u8> for HgPathBuf {
     fn extend<T: IntoIterator<Item = u8>>(&mut self, iter: T) {
         self.inner.extend(iter);
     }
 }
 
 /// TODO: Once https://www.mercurial-scm.org/wiki/WindowsUTF8Plan is
 /// implemented, these conversion utils will have to work differently depending
 /// on the repository encoding: either `UTF-8` or `MBCS`.
 
 pub fn hg_path_to_os_string<P: AsRef<HgPath>>(
     hg_path: P,
 ) -> Result<OsString, HgPathError> {
     hg_path.as_ref().check_state()?;
     let os_str;
     #[cfg(unix)]
     {
         use std::os::unix::ffi::OsStrExt;
         os_str = std::ffi::OsStr::from_bytes(&hg_path.as_ref().as_bytes());
     }
     // TODO Handle other platforms
     // TODO: convert from WTF8 to Windows MBCS (ANSI encoding).
     Ok(os_str.to_os_string())
 }
 
 pub fn hg_path_to_path_buf<P: AsRef<HgPath>>(
     hg_path: P,
 ) -> Result<PathBuf, HgPathError> {
     Ok(Path::new(&hg_path_to_os_string(hg_path)?).to_path_buf())
 }
 
 pub fn os_string_to_hg_path_buf<S: AsRef<OsStr>>(
     os_string: S,
 ) -> Result<HgPathBuf, HgPathError> {
     let buf;
     #[cfg(unix)]
     {
         use std::os::unix::ffi::OsStrExt;
         buf = HgPathBuf::from_bytes(&os_string.as_ref().as_bytes());
     }
     // TODO Handle other platforms
     // TODO: convert from WTF8 to Windows MBCS (ANSI encoding).
 
     buf.check_state()?;
     Ok(buf)
 }
 
 pub fn path_to_hg_path_buf<P: AsRef<Path>>(
     path: P,
 ) -> Result<HgPathBuf, HgPathError> {
     let buf;
     let os_str = path.as_ref().as_os_str();
     #[cfg(unix)]
     {
         use std::os::unix::ffi::OsStrExt;
         buf = HgPathBuf::from_bytes(&os_str.as_bytes());
     }
     // TODO Handle other platforms
     // TODO: convert from WTF8 to Windows MBCS (ANSI encoding).
 
     buf.check_state()?;
     Ok(buf)
 }
 
 #[cfg(test)]
 mod tests {
     use super::*;
 
     #[test]
     fn test_path_states() {
         assert_eq!(
             Err(HgPathError::LeadingSlash(b"/".to_vec())),
             HgPath::new(b"/").check_state()
         );
         assert_eq!(
             Err(HgPathError::ConsecutiveSlashes(b"a/b//c".to_vec(), 4)),
             HgPath::new(b"a/b//c").check_state()
         );
         assert_eq!(
             Err(HgPathError::ContainsNullByte(b"a/b/\0c".to_vec(), 4)),
             HgPath::new(b"a/b/\0c").check_state()
         );
         // TODO test HgPathError::DecodeError for the Windows implementation.
         assert_eq!(true, HgPath::new(b"").is_valid());
         assert_eq!(true, HgPath::new(b"a/b/c").is_valid());
         // Backslashes in paths are not significant, but allowed
         assert_eq!(true, HgPath::new(br"a\b/c").is_valid());
         // Dots in paths are not significant, but allowed
         assert_eq!(true, HgPath::new(b"a/b/../c/").is_valid());
         assert_eq!(true, HgPath::new(b"./a/b/../c/").is_valid());
     }
 
     #[test]
     fn test_iter() {
         let path = HgPath::new(b"a");
         let mut iter = path.bytes();
         assert_eq!(Some(&b'a'), iter.next());
         assert_eq!(None, iter.next_back());
         assert_eq!(None, iter.next());
 
         let path = HgPath::new(b"a");
         let mut iter = path.bytes();
         assert_eq!(Some(&b'a'), iter.next_back());
         assert_eq!(None, iter.next_back());
         assert_eq!(None, iter.next());
 
         let path = HgPath::new(b"abc");
         let mut iter = path.bytes();
         assert_eq!(Some(&b'a'), iter.next());
         assert_eq!(Some(&b'c'), iter.next_back());
         assert_eq!(Some(&b'b'), iter.next_back());
         assert_eq!(None, iter.next_back());
         assert_eq!(None, iter.next());
 
         let path = HgPath::new(b"abc");
         let mut iter = path.bytes();
         assert_eq!(Some(&b'a'), iter.next());
         assert_eq!(Some(&b'b'), iter.next());
         assert_eq!(Some(&b'c'), iter.next());
         assert_eq!(None, iter.next_back());
         assert_eq!(None, iter.next());
 
         let path = HgPath::new(b"abc");
         let iter = path.bytes();
         let mut vec = Vec::new();
         vec.extend(iter);
         assert_eq!(vec![b'a', b'b', b'c'], vec);
 
         let path = HgPath::new(b"abc");
         let mut iter = path.bytes();
         assert_eq!(Some(2), iter.rposition(|c| *c == b'c'));
 
         let path = HgPath::new(b"abc");
         let mut iter = path.bytes();
         assert_eq!(None, iter.rposition(|c| *c == b'd'));
     }
 
     #[test]
     fn test_join() {
         let path = HgPathBuf::from_bytes(b"a").join(HgPath::new(b"b"));
         assert_eq!(b"a/b", path.as_bytes());
 
         let path = HgPathBuf::from_bytes(b"a/").join(HgPath::new(b"b/c"));
         assert_eq!(b"a/b/c", path.as_bytes());
 
         // No leading slash if empty before join
         let path = HgPathBuf::new().join(HgPath::new(b"b/c"));
         assert_eq!(b"b/c", path.as_bytes());
 
         // The leading slash is an invalid representation of an `HgPath`, but
         // it can happen. This creates another invalid representation of
         // consecutive bytes.
         // TODO What should be done in this case? Should we silently remove
         // the extra slash? Should we change the signature to a problematic
         // `Result<HgPathBuf, HgPathError>`, or should we just keep it so and
         // let the error happen upon filesystem interaction?
         let path = HgPathBuf::from_bytes(b"a/").join(HgPath::new(b"/b"));
         assert_eq!(b"a//b", path.as_bytes());
         let path = HgPathBuf::from_bytes(b"a").join(HgPath::new(b"/b"));
         assert_eq!(b"a//b", path.as_bytes());
     }
 
     #[test]
     fn test_relative_to() {
         let path = HgPath::new(b"");
         let base = HgPath::new(b"");
         assert_eq!(Some(path), path.relative_to(base));
 
         let path = HgPath::new(b"path");
         let base = HgPath::new(b"");
         assert_eq!(Some(path), path.relative_to(base));
 
         let path = HgPath::new(b"a");
         let base = HgPath::new(b"b");
         assert_eq!(None, path.relative_to(base));
 
         let path = HgPath::new(b"a/b");
         let base = HgPath::new(b"a");
         assert_eq!(None, path.relative_to(base));
 
         let path = HgPath::new(b"a/b");
         let base = HgPath::new(b"a/");
         assert_eq!(Some(HgPath::new(b"b")), path.relative_to(base));
 
         let path = HgPath::new(b"nested/path/to/b");
         let base = HgPath::new(b"nested/path/");
         assert_eq!(Some(HgPath::new(b"to/b")), path.relative_to(base));
 
         let path = HgPath::new(b"ends/with/dir/");
         let base = HgPath::new(b"ends/");
         assert_eq!(Some(HgPath::new(b"with/dir/")), path.relative_to(base));
     }
+
+    #[test]
+    #[cfg(unix)]
+    fn test_split_drive() {
+        // Taken from the Python stdlib's tests
+        assert_eq!(
+            HgPath::new(br"/foo/bar").split_drive(),
+            (HgPath::new(b""), HgPath::new(br"/foo/bar"))
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            HgPath::new(br"foo:bar").split_drive(),
+            (HgPath::new(b""), HgPath::new(br"foo:bar"))
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            HgPath::new(br":foo:bar").split_drive(),
+            (HgPath::new(b""), HgPath::new(br":foo:bar"))
+        );
+        // Also try NT paths; should not split them
+        assert_eq!(
+            HgPath::new(br"c:\foo\bar").split_drive(),
+            (HgPath::new(b""), HgPath::new(br"c:\foo\bar"))
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            HgPath::new(b"c:/foo/bar").split_drive(),
+            (HgPath::new(b""), HgPath::new(br"c:/foo/bar"))
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            HgPath::new(br"\\conky\mountpoint\foo\bar").split_drive(),
+            (
+                HgPath::new(b""),
+                HgPath::new(br"\\conky\mountpoint\foo\bar")
+            )
+        );
 }
+
+    #[test]
+    #[cfg(windows)]
+    fn test_split_drive() {
+        assert_eq!(
+            HgPath::new(br"c:\foo\bar").split_drive(),
+            (HgPath::new(br"c:"), HgPath::new(br"\foo\bar"))
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            HgPath::new(b"c:/foo/bar").split_drive(),
+            (HgPath::new(br"c:"), HgPath::new(br"/foo/bar"))
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            HgPath::new(br"\\conky\mountpoint\foo\bar").split_drive(),
+            (
+                HgPath::new(br"\\conky\mountpoint"),
+                HgPath::new(br"\foo\bar")
+            )
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            HgPath::new(br"//conky/mountpoint/foo/bar").split_drive(),
+            (
+                HgPath::new(br"//conky/mountpoint"),
+                HgPath::new(br"/foo/bar")
+            )
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            HgPath::new(br"\\\conky\mountpoint\foo\bar").split_drive(),
+            (
+                HgPath::new(br""),
+                HgPath::new(br"\\\conky\mountpoint\foo\bar")
+            )
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            HgPath::new(br"///conky/mountpoint/foo/bar").split_drive(),
+            (
+                HgPath::new(br""),
+                HgPath::new(br"///conky/mountpoint/foo/bar")
+            )
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            HgPath::new(br"\\conky\\mountpoint\foo\bar").split_drive(),
+            (
+                HgPath::new(br""),
+                HgPath::new(br"\\conky\\mountpoint\foo\bar")
+            )
+        );
+        assert_eq!(
+            HgPath::new(br"//conky//mountpoint/foo/bar").split_drive(),
+            (
+                HgPath::new(br""),
+                HgPath::new(br"//conky//mountpoint/foo/bar")
+            )
+        );
+        // UNC part containing U+0130
+        assert_eq!(
+            HgPath::new(b"//conky/MOUNTPO\xc4\xb0NT/foo/bar").split_drive(),
+            (
+                HgPath::new(b"//conky/MOUNTPO\xc4\xb0NT"),
+                HgPath::new(br"/foo/bar")
+            )
+        );
+    }
+}