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Mercurial supports several ways to specify individual revisions.
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A plain integer is treated as a revision number. Negative integers are
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treated as sequential offsets from the tip, with -1 denoting the tip,
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-2 denoting the revision prior to the tip, and so forth.
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A 40-digit hexadecimal string is treated as a unique revision
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identifier.
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A hexadecimal string less than 40 characters long is treated as a
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unique revision identifier and is referred to as a short-form
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identifier. A short-form identifier is only valid if it is the prefix
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of exactly one full-length identifier.
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Any other string is treated as a bookmark, tag, or branch name. A
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bookmark is a movable pointer to a revision. A tag is a permanent name
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associated with a revision. A branch name denotes the tipmost open branch head
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of that branch - or if they are all closed, the tipmost closed head of the
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branch. Bookmark, tag, and branch names must not contain the ":" character.
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The reserved name "tip" always identifies the most recent revision.
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The reserved name "null" indicates the null revision. This is the
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revision of an empty repository, and the parent of revision 0.
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The reserved name "." indicates the working directory parent. If no
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working directory is checked out, it is equivalent to null. If an
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uncommitted merge is in progress, "." is the revision of the first
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parent.
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