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Mercurial accepts several notations for identifying one or more files
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at a time.
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By default, Mercurial treats filenames verbatim without pattern
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matching, relative to the current working directory. Note that your
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system shell might perform pattern matching of its own before passing
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filenames into Mercurial.
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Alternate pattern notations must be specified explicitly.
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.. note::
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Patterns specified in ``.hgignore`` are not rooted.
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Please see :hg:`help hgignore` for details.
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To use a plain path name without any pattern matching, start it with
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``path:``. These path names must completely match starting at the
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current repository root, and when the path points to a directory, it is matched
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recursively. To match all files in a directory non-recursively (not including
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any files in subdirectories), ``rootfilesin:`` can be used, specifying an
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absolute path (relative to the repository root). To match a single file exactly,
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relative to the repository root, you can use ``filepath:``.
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To use an extended glob, start a name with ``glob:``. Globs are rooted
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at the current directory; a glob such as ``*.c`` will only match files
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in the current directory ending with ``.c``. ``rootglob:`` can be used
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instead of ``glob:`` for a glob that is rooted at the root of the
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repository.
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The supported glob syntax extensions are ``**`` to match any string
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across path separators and ``{a,b}`` to mean "a or b".
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To use a Perl/Python regular expression, start a name with ``re:``.
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Regexp pattern matching is anchored at the root of the repository.
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To read name patterns from a file, use ``listfile:`` or ``listfile0:``.
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The latter expects null delimited patterns while the former expects line
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feeds. Each string read from the file is itself treated as a file
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pattern.
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To read a set of patterns from a file, use ``include:`` or ``subinclude:``.
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``include:`` will use all the patterns from the given file and treat them as if
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they had been passed in manually. ``subinclude:`` will only apply the patterns
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against files that are under the subinclude file's directory. See :hg:`help
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hgignore` for details on the format of these files.
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All patterns, except for ``glob:`` specified in command line (not for
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``-I`` or ``-X`` options), can match also against directories: files
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under matched directories are treated as matched.
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For ``-I`` and ``-X`` options, ``glob:`` will match directories recursively.
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Plain examples::
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path:foo/bar a name bar in a directory named foo in the root
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of the repository
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path:some/path a file or directory named "some/path"
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filepath:some/path/to/a/file exactly a single file named
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"some/path/to/a/file", relative to the root
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of the repository
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rootfilesin:foo/bar the files in a directory called foo/bar, but
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not any files in its subdirectories and not
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a file bar in directory foo
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Glob examples::
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glob:*.c any name ending in ".c" in the current directory
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*.c any name ending in ".c" in the current directory
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**.c any name ending in ".c" in any subdirectory of the
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current directory including itself.
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foo/* any file in directory foo
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foo/** any file in directory foo plus all its subdirectories,
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recursively
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foo/*.c any name ending in ".c" in the directory foo
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foo/**.c any name ending in ".c" in any subdirectory of foo
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including itself.
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rootglob:*.c any name ending in ".c" in the root of the repository
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Regexp examples::
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re:.*\.c$ any name ending in ".c", anywhere in the repository
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File examples::
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listfile:list.txt read list from list.txt with one file pattern per line
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listfile0:list.txt read list from list.txt with null byte delimiters
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See also :hg:`help filesets`.
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Include examples::
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include:path/to/mypatternfile reads patterns to be applied to all paths
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subinclude:path/to/subignorefile reads patterns specifically for paths in the
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subdirectory
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