##// END OF EJS Templates
wireproto: add streams to frame-based protocol...
wireproto: add streams to frame-based protocol Previously, the frame-based protocol was just a series of frames, with each frame associated with a request ID. In order to scale the protocol, we'll want to enable the use of compression. While it is possible to enable compression at the socket/pipe level, this has its disadvantages. The big one is it undermines the point of frames being standalone, atomic units that can be read and written: if you add compression above the framing protocol, you are back to having a stream-based protocol as opposed to something frame-based. So in order to preserve frames, compression needs to occur at the frame payload level. Compressing each frame's payload individually will limit compression ratios because the window size of the compressor will be limited by the max frame size, which is 32-64kb as currently defined. It will also add CPU overhead, as it is more efficient for compressors to operate on fewer, larger blocks of data than more, smaller blocks. So compressing each frame independently is out. This means we need to compress each frame's payload as if it is part of a larger stream. The simplest approach is to have 1 stream per connection. This could certainly work. However, it has disadvantages (documented below). We could also have 1 stream per RPC/command invocation. (This is the model HTTP/2 goes with.) This also has disadvantages. The main disadvantage to one global stream is that it has the very real potential to create CPU bottlenecks doing compression. Networks are only getting faster and the performance of single CPU cores has been relatively flat. Newer compression formats like zstandard offer better CPU cycle efficiency than predecessors like zlib. But it still all too common to saturate your CPU with compression overhead long before you saturate the network pipe. The main disadvantage with streams per request is that you can't reap the benefits of the compression context for multiple requests. For example, if you send 1000 RPC requests (or HTTP/2 requests for that matter), the response to each would have its own compression context. The overall size of the raw responses would be larger because compression contexts wouldn't be able to reference data from another request or response. The approach for streams as implemented in this commit is to support N streams per connection and for streams to potentially span requests and responses. As explained by the added internals docs, this facilitates servers and clients delegating independent streams and compression to independent threads / CPU cores. This helps alleviate the CPU bottleneck of compression. This design also allows compression contexts to be reused across requests/responses. This can result in improved compression ratios and less overhead for compressors and decompressors having to build new contexts. Another feature that was defined was the ability for individual frames within a stream to declare whether that individual frame's payload uses the content encoding (read: compression) defined by the stream. The idea here is that some servers may serve data from a combination of caches and dynamic resolution. Data coming from caches may be pre-compressed. We want to facilitate servers being able to essentially stream bytes from caches to the wire with minimal overhead. Being able to mix and match with frames are compressed within a stream enables these types of advanced server functionality. This commit defines the new streams mechanism. Basic code for supporting streams in frames has been added. But that code is seriously lacking and doesn't fully conform to the defined protocol. For example, we don't close any streams. And support for content encoding within streams is not yet implemented. The change was rather invasive and I didn't think it would be reasonable to implement the entire feature in a single commit. For the record, I would have loved to reuse an existing multiplexing protocol to build the new wire protocol on top of. However, I couldn't find a protocol that offers the performance and scaling characteristics that I desired. Namely, it should support multiple compression contexts to facilitate scaling out to multiple CPU cores and compression contexts should be able to live longer than single RPC requests. HTTP/2 *almost* fits the bill. But the semantics of HTTP message exchange state that streams can only live for a single request-response. We /could/ tunnel on top of HTTP/2 streams and frames with HEADER and DATA frames. But there's no guarantee that HTTP/2 libraries and proxies would allow us to use HTTP/2 streams and frames without the HTTP message exchange semantics defined in RFC 7540 Section 8. Other RPC protocols like gRPC tunnel are built on top of HTTP/2 and thus preserve its semantics of stream per RPC invocation. Even QUIC does this. We could attempt to invent a higher-level stream that spans HTTP/2 streams. But this would be violating HTTP/2 because there is no guarantee that HTTP/2 streams are routed to the same server. The best we can do - which is what this protocol does - is shoehorn all request and response data into a single HTTP message and create streams within. At that point, we've defined a Content-Type in HTTP parlance. It just so happens our media type can also work as a standalone, stream-based protocol, without leaning on HTTP or similar protocol. Differential Revision: https://phab.mercurial-scm.org/D2907

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commandserver.py
535 lines | 16.3 KiB | text/x-python | PythonLexer
# commandserver.py - communicate with Mercurial's API over a pipe
#
# Copyright Matt Mackall <mpm@selenic.com>
#
# This software may be used and distributed according to the terms of the
# GNU General Public License version 2 or any later version.
from __future__ import absolute_import
import errno
import gc
import os
import random
import signal
import socket
import struct
import traceback
try:
import selectors
selectors.BaseSelector
except ImportError:
from .thirdparty import selectors2 as selectors
from .i18n import _
from . import (
encoding,
error,
pycompat,
util,
)
from .utils import (
procutil,
)
logfile = None
def log(*args):
if not logfile:
return
for a in args:
logfile.write(str(a))
logfile.flush()
class channeledoutput(object):
"""
Write data to out in the following format:
data length (unsigned int),
data
"""
def __init__(self, out, channel):
self.out = out
self.channel = channel
@property
def name(self):
return '<%c-channel>' % self.channel
def write(self, data):
if not data:
return
# single write() to guarantee the same atomicity as the underlying file
self.out.write(struct.pack('>cI', self.channel, len(data)) + data)
self.out.flush()
def __getattr__(self, attr):
if attr in ('isatty', 'fileno', 'tell', 'seek'):
raise AttributeError(attr)
return getattr(self.out, attr)
class channeledinput(object):
"""
Read data from in_.
Requests for input are written to out in the following format:
channel identifier - 'I' for plain input, 'L' line based (1 byte)
how many bytes to send at most (unsigned int),
The client replies with:
data length (unsigned int), 0 meaning EOF
data
"""
maxchunksize = 4 * 1024
def __init__(self, in_, out, channel):
self.in_ = in_
self.out = out
self.channel = channel
@property
def name(self):
return '<%c-channel>' % self.channel
def read(self, size=-1):
if size < 0:
# if we need to consume all the clients input, ask for 4k chunks
# so the pipe doesn't fill up risking a deadlock
size = self.maxchunksize
s = self._read(size, self.channel)
buf = s
while s:
s = self._read(size, self.channel)
buf += s
return buf
else:
return self._read(size, self.channel)
def _read(self, size, channel):
if not size:
return ''
assert size > 0
# tell the client we need at most size bytes
self.out.write(struct.pack('>cI', channel, size))
self.out.flush()
length = self.in_.read(4)
length = struct.unpack('>I', length)[0]
if not length:
return ''
else:
return self.in_.read(length)
def readline(self, size=-1):
if size < 0:
size = self.maxchunksize
s = self._read(size, 'L')
buf = s
# keep asking for more until there's either no more or
# we got a full line
while s and s[-1] != '\n':
s = self._read(size, 'L')
buf += s
return buf
else:
return self._read(size, 'L')
def __iter__(self):
return self
def next(self):
l = self.readline()
if not l:
raise StopIteration
return l
def __getattr__(self, attr):
if attr in ('isatty', 'fileno', 'tell', 'seek'):
raise AttributeError(attr)
return getattr(self.in_, attr)
class server(object):
"""
Listens for commands on fin, runs them and writes the output on a channel
based stream to fout.
"""
def __init__(self, ui, repo, fin, fout):
self.cwd = pycompat.getcwd()
# developer config: cmdserver.log
logpath = ui.config("cmdserver", "log")
if logpath:
global logfile
if logpath == '-':
# write log on a special 'd' (debug) channel
logfile = channeledoutput(fout, 'd')
else:
logfile = open(logpath, 'a')
if repo:
# the ui here is really the repo ui so take its baseui so we don't
# end up with its local configuration
self.ui = repo.baseui
self.repo = repo
self.repoui = repo.ui
else:
self.ui = ui
self.repo = self.repoui = None
self.cerr = channeledoutput(fout, 'e')
self.cout = channeledoutput(fout, 'o')
self.cin = channeledinput(fin, fout, 'I')
self.cresult = channeledoutput(fout, 'r')
self.client = fin
def cleanup(self):
"""release and restore resources taken during server session"""
def _read(self, size):
if not size:
return ''
data = self.client.read(size)
# is the other end closed?
if not data:
raise EOFError
return data
def _readstr(self):
"""read a string from the channel
format:
data length (uint32), data
"""
length = struct.unpack('>I', self._read(4))[0]
if not length:
return ''
return self._read(length)
def _readlist(self):
"""read a list of NULL separated strings from the channel"""
s = self._readstr()
if s:
return s.split('\0')
else:
return []
def runcommand(self):
""" reads a list of \0 terminated arguments, executes
and writes the return code to the result channel """
from . import dispatch # avoid cycle
args = self._readlist()
# copy the uis so changes (e.g. --config or --verbose) don't
# persist between requests
copiedui = self.ui.copy()
uis = [copiedui]
if self.repo:
self.repo.baseui = copiedui
# clone ui without using ui.copy because this is protected
repoui = self.repoui.__class__(self.repoui)
repoui.copy = copiedui.copy # redo copy protection
uis.append(repoui)
self.repo.ui = self.repo.dirstate._ui = repoui
self.repo.invalidateall()
for ui in uis:
ui.resetstate()
# any kind of interaction must use server channels, but chg may
# replace channels by fully functional tty files. so nontty is
# enforced only if cin is a channel.
if not util.safehasattr(self.cin, 'fileno'):
ui.setconfig('ui', 'nontty', 'true', 'commandserver')
req = dispatch.request(args[:], copiedui, self.repo, self.cin,
self.cout, self.cerr)
try:
ret = (dispatch.dispatch(req) or 0) & 255 # might return None
self.cresult.write(struct.pack('>i', int(ret)))
finally:
# restore old cwd
if '--cwd' in args:
os.chdir(self.cwd)
def getencoding(self):
""" writes the current encoding to the result channel """
self.cresult.write(encoding.encoding)
def serveone(self):
cmd = self.client.readline()[:-1]
if cmd:
handler = self.capabilities.get(cmd)
if handler:
handler(self)
else:
# clients are expected to check what commands are supported by
# looking at the servers capabilities
raise error.Abort(_('unknown command %s') % cmd)
return cmd != ''
capabilities = {'runcommand': runcommand,
'getencoding': getencoding}
def serve(self):
hellomsg = 'capabilities: ' + ' '.join(sorted(self.capabilities))
hellomsg += '\n'
hellomsg += 'encoding: ' + encoding.encoding
hellomsg += '\n'
hellomsg += 'pid: %d' % procutil.getpid()
if util.safehasattr(os, 'getpgid'):
hellomsg += '\n'
hellomsg += 'pgid: %d' % os.getpgid(0)
# write the hello msg in -one- chunk
self.cout.write(hellomsg)
try:
while self.serveone():
pass
except EOFError:
# we'll get here if the client disconnected while we were reading
# its request
return 1
return 0
class pipeservice(object):
def __init__(self, ui, repo, opts):
self.ui = ui
self.repo = repo
def init(self):
pass
def run(self):
ui = self.ui
# redirect stdio to null device so that broken extensions or in-process
# hooks will never cause corruption of channel protocol.
with procutil.protectedstdio(ui.fin, ui.fout) as (fin, fout):
try:
sv = server(ui, self.repo, fin, fout)
return sv.serve()
finally:
sv.cleanup()
def _initworkerprocess():
# use a different process group from the master process, in order to:
# 1. make the current process group no longer "orphaned" (because the
# parent of this process is in a different process group while
# remains in a same session)
# according to POSIX 2.2.2.52, orphaned process group will ignore
# terminal-generated stop signals like SIGTSTP (Ctrl+Z), which will
# cause trouble for things like ncurses.
# 2. the client can use kill(-pgid, sig) to simulate terminal-generated
# SIGINT (Ctrl+C) and process-exit-generated SIGHUP. our child
# processes like ssh will be killed properly, without affecting
# unrelated processes.
os.setpgid(0, 0)
# change random state otherwise forked request handlers would have a
# same state inherited from parent.
random.seed()
def _serverequest(ui, repo, conn, createcmdserver):
fin = conn.makefile('rb')
fout = conn.makefile('wb')
sv = None
try:
sv = createcmdserver(repo, conn, fin, fout)
try:
sv.serve()
# handle exceptions that may be raised by command server. most of
# known exceptions are caught by dispatch.
except error.Abort as inst:
ui.warn(_('abort: %s\n') % inst)
except IOError as inst:
if inst.errno != errno.EPIPE:
raise
except KeyboardInterrupt:
pass
finally:
sv.cleanup()
except: # re-raises
# also write traceback to error channel. otherwise client cannot
# see it because it is written to server's stderr by default.
if sv:
cerr = sv.cerr
else:
cerr = channeledoutput(fout, 'e')
traceback.print_exc(file=cerr)
raise
finally:
fin.close()
try:
fout.close() # implicit flush() may cause another EPIPE
except IOError as inst:
if inst.errno != errno.EPIPE:
raise
class unixservicehandler(object):
"""Set of pluggable operations for unix-mode services
Almost all methods except for createcmdserver() are called in the main
process. You can't pass mutable resource back from createcmdserver().
"""
pollinterval = None
def __init__(self, ui):
self.ui = ui
def bindsocket(self, sock, address):
util.bindunixsocket(sock, address)
sock.listen(socket.SOMAXCONN)
self.ui.status(_('listening at %s\n') % address)
self.ui.flush() # avoid buffering of status message
def unlinksocket(self, address):
os.unlink(address)
def shouldexit(self):
"""True if server should shut down; checked per pollinterval"""
return False
def newconnection(self):
"""Called when main process notices new connection"""
def createcmdserver(self, repo, conn, fin, fout):
"""Create new command server instance; called in the process that
serves for the current connection"""
return server(self.ui, repo, fin, fout)
class unixforkingservice(object):
"""
Listens on unix domain socket and forks server per connection
"""
def __init__(self, ui, repo, opts, handler=None):
self.ui = ui
self.repo = repo
self.address = opts['address']
if not util.safehasattr(socket, 'AF_UNIX'):
raise error.Abort(_('unsupported platform'))
if not self.address:
raise error.Abort(_('no socket path specified with --address'))
self._servicehandler = handler or unixservicehandler(ui)
self._sock = None
self._oldsigchldhandler = None
self._workerpids = set() # updated by signal handler; do not iterate
self._socketunlinked = None
def init(self):
self._sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_UNIX)
self._servicehandler.bindsocket(self._sock, self.address)
if util.safehasattr(procutil, 'unblocksignal'):
procutil.unblocksignal(signal.SIGCHLD)
o = signal.signal(signal.SIGCHLD, self._sigchldhandler)
self._oldsigchldhandler = o
self._socketunlinked = False
def _unlinksocket(self):
if not self._socketunlinked:
self._servicehandler.unlinksocket(self.address)
self._socketunlinked = True
def _cleanup(self):
signal.signal(signal.SIGCHLD, self._oldsigchldhandler)
self._sock.close()
self._unlinksocket()
# don't kill child processes as they have active clients, just wait
self._reapworkers(0)
def run(self):
try:
self._mainloop()
finally:
self._cleanup()
def _mainloop(self):
exiting = False
h = self._servicehandler
selector = selectors.DefaultSelector()
selector.register(self._sock, selectors.EVENT_READ)
while True:
if not exiting and h.shouldexit():
# clients can no longer connect() to the domain socket, so
# we stop queuing new requests.
# for requests that are queued (connect()-ed, but haven't been
# accept()-ed), handle them before exit. otherwise, clients
# waiting for recv() will receive ECONNRESET.
self._unlinksocket()
exiting = True
ready = selector.select(timeout=h.pollinterval)
if not ready:
# only exit if we completed all queued requests
if exiting:
break
continue
try:
conn, _addr = self._sock.accept()
except socket.error as inst:
if inst.args[0] == errno.EINTR:
continue
raise
pid = os.fork()
if pid:
try:
self.ui.debug('forked worker process (pid=%d)\n' % pid)
self._workerpids.add(pid)
h.newconnection()
finally:
conn.close() # release handle in parent process
else:
try:
self._runworker(conn)
conn.close()
os._exit(0)
except: # never return, hence no re-raises
try:
self.ui.traceback(force=True)
finally:
os._exit(255)
selector.close()
def _sigchldhandler(self, signal, frame):
self._reapworkers(os.WNOHANG)
def _reapworkers(self, options):
while self._workerpids:
try:
pid, _status = os.waitpid(-1, options)
except OSError as inst:
if inst.errno == errno.EINTR:
continue
if inst.errno != errno.ECHILD:
raise
# no child processes at all (reaped by other waitpid()?)
self._workerpids.clear()
return
if pid == 0:
# no waitable child processes
return
self.ui.debug('worker process exited (pid=%d)\n' % pid)
self._workerpids.discard(pid)
def _runworker(self, conn):
signal.signal(signal.SIGCHLD, self._oldsigchldhandler)
_initworkerprocess()
h = self._servicehandler
try:
_serverequest(self.ui, self.repo, conn, h.createcmdserver)
finally:
gc.collect() # trigger __del__ since worker process uses os._exit