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// ref_sharing.rs
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//
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// Copyright 2019 Raphaël Gomès <rgomes@octobus.net>
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//
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// Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy
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// of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to
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// deal in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the
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// rights to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or
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// sell copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is
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// furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions:
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//
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// The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in
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// all copies or substantial portions of the Software.
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//
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// THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR
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// IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY,
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// FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE
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// AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER
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// LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING
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// FROM, OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS
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// IN THE SOFTWARE.
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//! Macros for use in the `hg-cpython` bridge library.
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use crate::exceptions::AlreadyBorrowed;
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use cpython::{PyClone, PyObject, PyResult, Python};
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use std::cell::{Cell, Ref, RefCell, RefMut};
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/// Manages the shared state between Python and Rust
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#[derive(Debug, Default)]
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pub struct PySharedState {
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leak_count: Cell<usize>,
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mutably_borrowed: Cell<bool>,
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}
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// &PySharedState can be Send because any access to inner cells is
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// synchronized by the GIL.
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unsafe impl Sync for PySharedState {}
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impl PySharedState {
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pub fn borrow_mut<'a, T>(
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&'a self,
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py: Python<'a>,
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pyrefmut: RefMut<'a, T>,
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) -> PyResult<PyRefMut<'a, T>> {
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if self.mutably_borrowed.get() {
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return Err(AlreadyBorrowed::new(
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py,
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"Cannot borrow mutably while there exists another \
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mutable reference in a Python object",
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));
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}
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match self.leak_count.get() {
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0 => {
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self.mutably_borrowed.replace(true);
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Ok(PyRefMut::new(py, pyrefmut, self))
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}
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// TODO
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// For now, this works differently than Python references
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// in the case of iterators.
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// Python does not complain when the data an iterator
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// points to is modified if the iterator is never used
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// afterwards.
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// Here, we are stricter than this by refusing to give a
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// mutable reference if it is already borrowed.
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// While the additional safety might be argued for, it
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// breaks valid programming patterns in Python and we need
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// to fix this issue down the line.
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_ => Err(AlreadyBorrowed::new(
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py,
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"Cannot borrow mutably while there are \
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immutable references in Python objects",
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)),
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}
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}
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/// Return a reference to the wrapped data and its state with an
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/// artificial static lifetime.
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/// We need to be protected by the GIL for thread-safety.
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///
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/// # Safety
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///
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/// This is highly unsafe since the lifetime of the given data can be
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/// extended. Do not call this function directly.
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pub unsafe fn leak_immutable<T>(
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&self,
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py: Python,
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data: &PySharedRefCell<T>,
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) -> PyResult<(&'static T, &'static PySharedState)> {
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if self.mutably_borrowed.get() {
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return Err(AlreadyBorrowed::new(
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py,
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"Cannot borrow immutably while there is a \
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mutable reference in Python objects",
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));
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}
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// TODO: it's weird that self is data.py_shared_state. Maybe we
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// can move stuff to PySharedRefCell?
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let ptr = data.as_ptr();
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let state_ptr: *const PySharedState = &data.py_shared_state;
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self.leak_count.replace(self.leak_count.get() + 1);
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Ok((&*ptr, &*state_ptr))
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}
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/// # Safety
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///
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/// It's unsafe to update the reference count without knowing the
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/// reference is deleted. Do not call this function directly.
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pub unsafe fn decrease_leak_count(&self, _py: Python, mutable: bool) {
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if mutable {
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assert_eq!(self.leak_count.get(), 0);
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assert!(self.mutably_borrowed.get());
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self.mutably_borrowed.replace(false);
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} else {
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let count = self.leak_count.get();
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assert!(count > 0);
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self.leak_count.replace(count - 1);
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}
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}
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}
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/// `RefCell` wrapper to be safely used in conjunction with `PySharedState`.
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///
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/// Only immutable operation is allowed through this interface.
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#[derive(Debug)]
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pub struct PySharedRefCell<T> {
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inner: RefCell<T>,
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py_shared_state: PySharedState,
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}
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impl<T> PySharedRefCell<T> {
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pub fn new(value: T) -> PySharedRefCell<T> {
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Self {
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inner: RefCell::new(value),
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py_shared_state: PySharedState::default(),
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}
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}
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pub fn borrow<'a>(&'a self, _py: Python<'a>) -> Ref<'a, T> {
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// py_shared_state isn't involved since
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// - inner.borrow() would fail if self is mutably borrowed,
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// - and inner.borrow_mut() would fail while self is borrowed.
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self.inner.borrow()
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}
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pub fn as_ptr(&self) -> *mut T {
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self.inner.as_ptr()
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}
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// TODO: maybe this should be named as try_borrow_mut(), and use
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// inner.try_borrow_mut(). The current implementation panics if
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// self.inner has been borrowed, but returns error if py_shared_state
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// refuses to borrow.
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pub fn borrow_mut<'a>(
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&'a self,
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py: Python<'a>,
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) -> PyResult<PyRefMut<'a, T>> {
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self.py_shared_state.borrow_mut(py, self.inner.borrow_mut())
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}
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}
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/// Sharable data member of type `T` borrowed from the `PyObject`.
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pub struct PySharedRef<'a, T> {
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py: Python<'a>,
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owner: &'a PyObject,
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data: &'a PySharedRefCell<T>,
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}
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impl<'a, T> PySharedRef<'a, T> {
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/// # Safety
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///
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/// The `data` must be owned by the `owner`. Otherwise, the leak count
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/// would get wrong.
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pub unsafe fn new(
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py: Python<'a>,
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owner: &'a PyObject,
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data: &'a PySharedRefCell<T>,
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) -> Self {
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Self { py, owner, data }
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}
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pub fn borrow(&self) -> Ref<'a, T> {
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self.data.borrow(self.py)
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}
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pub fn borrow_mut(&self) -> PyResult<PyRefMut<'a, T>> {
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self.data.borrow_mut(self.py)
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}
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/// Returns a leaked reference.
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pub fn leak_immutable(&self) -> PyResult<PyLeakedRef<&'static T>> {
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let state = &self.data.py_shared_state;
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unsafe {
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let (static_ref, static_state_ref) =
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state.leak_immutable(self.py, self.data)?;
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Ok(PyLeakedRef::new(
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self.py,
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self.owner,
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static_ref,
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static_state_ref,
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))
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}
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}
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}
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/// Holds a mutable reference to data shared between Python and Rust.
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pub struct PyRefMut<'a, T> {
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inner: RefMut<'a, T>,
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py_shared_state: &'a PySharedState,
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}
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impl<'a, T> PyRefMut<'a, T> {
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// Must be constructed by PySharedState after checking its leak_count.
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// Otherwise, drop() would incorrectly update the state.
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fn new(
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_py: Python<'a>,
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inner: RefMut<'a, T>,
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py_shared_state: &'a PySharedState,
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) -> Self {
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Self {
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inner,
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py_shared_state,
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}
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}
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}
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impl<'a, T> std::ops::Deref for PyRefMut<'a, T> {
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type Target = RefMut<'a, T>;
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fn deref(&self) -> &Self::Target {
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&self.inner
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}
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}
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impl<'a, T> std::ops::DerefMut for PyRefMut<'a, T> {
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fn deref_mut(&mut self) -> &mut Self::Target {
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&mut self.inner
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}
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}
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impl<'a, T> Drop for PyRefMut<'a, T> {
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fn drop(&mut self) {
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let gil = Python::acquire_gil();
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let py = gil.python();
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unsafe {
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self.py_shared_state.decrease_leak_count(py, true);
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}
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}
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}
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/// Allows a `py_class!` generated struct to share references to one of its
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/// data members with Python.
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///
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/// # Warning
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///
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/// TODO allow Python container types: for now, integration with the garbage
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/// collector does not extend to Rust structs holding references to Python
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/// objects. Should the need surface, `__traverse__` and `__clear__` will
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/// need to be written as per the `rust-cpython` docs on GC integration.
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///
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/// # Parameters
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///
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/// * `$name` is the same identifier used in for `py_class!` macro call.
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/// * `$inner_struct` is the identifier of the underlying Rust struct
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/// * `$data_member` is the identifier of the data member of `$inner_struct`
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/// that will be shared.
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/// * `$shared_accessor` is the function name to be generated, which allows
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/// safe access to the data member.
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///
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/// # Safety
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///
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/// `$data_member` must persist while the `$name` object is alive. In other
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/// words, it must be an accessor to a data field of the Python object.
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///
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/// # Example
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///
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/// ```
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/// struct MyStruct {
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/// inner: Vec<u32>;
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/// }
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///
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/// py_class!(pub class MyType |py| {
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/// data inner: PySharedRefCell<MyStruct>;
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/// });
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///
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/// py_shared_ref!(MyType, MyStruct, inner, inner_shared);
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/// ```
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macro_rules! py_shared_ref {
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(
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$name: ident,
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$inner_struct: ident,
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$data_member: ident,
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$shared_accessor: ident
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) => {
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impl $name {
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/// Returns a safe reference to the shared `$data_member`.
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///
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/// This function guarantees that `PySharedRef` is created with
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/// the valid `self` and `self.$data_member(py)` pair.
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fn $shared_accessor<'a>(
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&'a self,
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py: Python<'a>,
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) -> $crate::ref_sharing::PySharedRef<'a, $inner_struct> {
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use cpython::PythonObject;
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use $crate::ref_sharing::PySharedRef;
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let owner = self.as_object();
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let data = self.$data_member(py);
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unsafe { PySharedRef::new(py, owner, data) }
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}
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}
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};
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}
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/// Manage immutable references to `PyObject` leaked into Python iterators.
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pub struct PyLeakedRef<T> {
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inner: PyObject,
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data: Option<T>,
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py_shared_state: &'static PySharedState,
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}
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// DO NOT implement Deref for PyLeakedRef<T>! Dereferencing PyLeakedRef
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// without taking Python GIL wouldn't be safe.
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impl<T> PyLeakedRef<T> {
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/// # Safety
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///
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/// The `py_shared_state` must be owned by the `inner` Python object.
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// Marked as unsafe so client code wouldn't construct PyLeakedRef
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// struct by mistake. Its drop() is unsafe.
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pub unsafe fn new(
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py: Python,
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inner: &PyObject,
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data: T,
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py_shared_state: &'static PySharedState,
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) -> Self {
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Self {
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inner: inner.clone_ref(py),
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data: Some(data),
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py_shared_state,
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}
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}
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/// Returns an immutable reference to the inner value.
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pub fn get_ref<'a>(&'a self, _py: Python<'a>) -> &'a T {
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self.data.as_ref().unwrap()
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}
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/// Returns a mutable reference to the inner value.
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///
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/// Typically `T` is an iterator. If `T` is an immutable reference,
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/// `get_mut()` is useless since the inner value can't be mutated.
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pub fn get_mut<'a>(&'a mut self, _py: Python<'a>) -> &'a mut T {
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self.data.as_mut().unwrap()
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}
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/// Converts the inner value by the given function.
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///
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/// Typically `T` is a static reference to a container, and `U` is an
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/// iterator of that container.
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///
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/// # Safety
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///
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/// The lifetime of the object passed in to the function `f` is cheated.
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/// It's typically a static reference, but is valid only while the
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/// corresponding `PyLeakedRef` is alive. Do not copy it out of the
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/// function call.
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pub unsafe fn map<U>(
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mut self,
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py: Python,
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f: impl FnOnce(T) -> U,
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) -> PyLeakedRef<U> {
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// f() could make the self.data outlive. That's why map() is unsafe.
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// In order to make this function safe, maybe we'll need a way to
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// temporarily restrict the lifetime of self.data and translate the
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// returned object back to Something<'static>.
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let new_data = f(self.data.take().unwrap());
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PyLeakedRef {
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inner: self.inner.clone_ref(py),
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data: Some(new_data),
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py_shared_state: self.py_shared_state,
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}
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}
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}
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impl<T> Drop for PyLeakedRef<T> {
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fn drop(&mut self) {
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// py_shared_state should be alive since we do have
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// a Python reference to the owner object. Taking GIL makes
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// sure that the state is only accessed by this thread.
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let gil = Python::acquire_gil();
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let py = gil.python();
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if self.data.is_none() {
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return; // moved to another PyLeakedRef
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}
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unsafe {
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self.py_shared_state.decrease_leak_count(py, false);
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}
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}
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}
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/// Defines a `py_class!` that acts as a Python iterator over a Rust iterator.
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///
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/// TODO: this is a bit awkward to use, and a better (more complicated)
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/// procedural macro would simplify the interface a lot.
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///
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/// # Parameters
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///
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/// * `$name` is the identifier to give to the resulting Rust struct.
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/// * `$leaked` corresponds to `$leaked` in the matching `py_shared_ref!` call.
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/// * `$iterator_type` is the type of the Rust iterator.
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/// * `$success_func` is a function for processing the Rust `(key, value)`
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/// tuple on iteration success, turning it into something Python understands.
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/// * `$success_func` is the return type of `$success_func`
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///
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/// # Example
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///
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/// ```
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/// struct MyStruct {
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/// inner: HashMap<Vec<u8>, Vec<u8>>;
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/// }
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///
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/// py_class!(pub class MyType |py| {
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/// data inner: PySharedRefCell<MyStruct>;
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///
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/// def __iter__(&self) -> PyResult<MyTypeItemsIterator> {
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/// let leaked_ref = self.inner_shared(py).leak_immutable()?;
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/// MyTypeItemsIterator::from_inner(
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/// py,
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/// unsafe { leaked_ref.map(py, |o| o.iter()) },
|
|
|
/// )
|
|
|
/// }
|
|
|
/// });
|
|
|
///
|
|
|
/// impl MyType {
|
|
|
/// fn translate_key_value(
|
|
|
/// py: Python,
|
|
|
/// res: (&Vec<u8>, &Vec<u8>),
|
|
|
/// ) -> PyResult<Option<(PyBytes, PyBytes)>> {
|
|
|
/// let (f, entry) = res;
|
|
|
/// Ok(Some((
|
|
|
/// PyBytes::new(py, f),
|
|
|
/// PyBytes::new(py, entry),
|
|
|
/// )))
|
|
|
/// }
|
|
|
/// }
|
|
|
///
|
|
|
/// py_shared_ref!(MyType, MyStruct, inner, MyTypeLeakedRef);
|
|
|
///
|
|
|
/// py_shared_iterator!(
|
|
|
/// MyTypeItemsIterator,
|
|
|
/// PyLeakedRef<HashMap<'static, Vec<u8>, Vec<u8>>>,
|
|
|
/// MyType::translate_key_value,
|
|
|
/// Option<(PyBytes, PyBytes)>
|
|
|
/// );
|
|
|
/// ```
|
|
|
macro_rules! py_shared_iterator {
|
|
|
(
|
|
|
$name: ident,
|
|
|
$leaked: ty,
|
|
|
$success_func: expr,
|
|
|
$success_type: ty
|
|
|
) => {
|
|
|
py_class!(pub class $name |py| {
|
|
|
data inner: RefCell<Option<$leaked>>;
|
|
|
|
|
|
def __next__(&self) -> PyResult<$success_type> {
|
|
|
let mut inner_opt = self.inner(py).borrow_mut();
|
|
|
if let Some(leaked) = inner_opt.as_mut() {
|
|
|
match leaked.get_mut(py).next() {
|
|
|
None => {
|
|
|
// replace Some(inner) by None, drop $leaked
|
|
|
inner_opt.take();
|
|
|
Ok(None)
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
Some(res) => {
|
|
|
$success_func(py, res)
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
} else {
|
|
|
Ok(None)
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
|
|
def __iter__(&self) -> PyResult<Self> {
|
|
|
Ok(self.clone_ref(py))
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
});
|
|
|
|
|
|
impl $name {
|
|
|
pub fn from_inner(
|
|
|
py: Python,
|
|
|
leaked: $leaked,
|
|
|
) -> PyResult<Self> {
|
|
|
Self::create_instance(
|
|
|
py,
|
|
|
RefCell::new(Some(leaked)),
|
|
|
)
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
};
|
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
