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# help.py - help data for mercurial
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#
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# Copyright 2006 Matt Mackall <mpm@selenic.com>
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#
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# This software may be used and distributed according to the terms of the
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# GNU General Public License version 2, incorporated herein by reference.
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from i18n import _
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import extensions, util
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def moduledoc(file):
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'''return the top-level python documentation for the given file
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Loosely inspired by pydoc.source_synopsis(), but rewritten to handle \'''
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as well as """ and to return the whole text instead of just the synopsis'''
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result = []
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line = file.readline()
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while line[:1] == '#' or not line.strip():
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line = file.readline()
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if not line: break
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start = line[:3]
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if start == '"""' or start == "'''":
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line = line[3:]
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while line:
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if line.rstrip().endswith(start):
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line = line.split(start)[0]
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if line:
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result.append(line)
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break
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elif not line:
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return None # unmatched delimiter
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result.append(line)
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line = file.readline()
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else:
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return None
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return ''.join(result)
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def listexts(header, exts, maxlength):
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'''return a text listing of the given extensions'''
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if not exts:
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return ''
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result = '\n%s\n\n' % header
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for name, desc in sorted(exts.iteritems()):
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result += ' %-*s %s\n' % (maxlength + 2, ':%s:' % name, desc)
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return result
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def extshelp():
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doc = _(r'''
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Mercurial has the ability to add new features through the use of
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extensions. Extensions may add new commands, add options to
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existing commands, change the default behavior of commands, or
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implement hooks.
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Extensions are not loaded by default for a variety of reasons:
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they can increase startup overhead; they may be meant for advanced
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usage only; they may provide potentially dangerous abilities (such
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as letting you destroy or modify history); they might not be ready
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for prime time; or they may alter some usual behaviors of stock
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Mercurial. It is thus up to the user to activate extensions as
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needed.
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To enable the "foo" extension, either shipped with Mercurial or in
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the Python search path, create an entry for it in your hgrc, like
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this::
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[extensions]
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foo =
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You may also specify the full path to an extension::
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[extensions]
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myfeature = ~/.hgext/myfeature.py
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To explicitly disable an extension enabled in an hgrc of broader
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scope, prepend its path with !::
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[extensions]
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# disabling extension bar residing in /path/to/extension/bar.py
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hgext.bar = !/path/to/extension/bar.py
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# ditto, but no path was supplied for extension baz
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hgext.baz = !
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''')
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exts, maxlength = extensions.enabled()
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doc += listexts(_('enabled extensions:'), exts, maxlength)
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exts, maxlength = extensions.disabled()
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doc += listexts(_('disabled extensions:'), exts, maxlength)
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return doc
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helptable = (
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(["dates"], _("Date Formats"),
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_(r'''
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Some commands allow the user to specify a date, e.g.:
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- backout, commit, import, tag: Specify the commit date.
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- log, revert, update: Select revision(s) by date.
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Many date formats are valid. Here are some examples::
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"Wed Dec 6 13:18:29 2006" (local timezone assumed)
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"Dec 6 13:18 -0600" (year assumed, time offset provided)
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"Dec 6 13:18 UTC" (UTC and GMT are aliases for +0000)
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"Dec 6" (midnight)
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"13:18" (today assumed)
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"3:39" (3:39AM assumed)
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"3:39pm" (15:39)
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"2006-12-06 13:18:29" (ISO 8601 format)
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"2006-12-6 13:18"
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"2006-12-6"
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"12-6"
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"12/6"
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"12/6/6" (Dec 6 2006)
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Lastly, there is Mercurial's internal format::
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"1165432709 0" (Wed Dec 6 13:18:29 2006 UTC)
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This is the internal representation format for dates. unixtime is
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the number of seconds since the epoch (1970-01-01 00:00 UTC).
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offset is the offset of the local timezone, in seconds west of UTC
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(negative if the timezone is east of UTC).
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The log command also accepts date ranges::
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"<{datetime}" - at or before a given date/time
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">{datetime}" - on or after a given date/time
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"{datetime} to {datetime}" - a date range, inclusive
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"-{days}" - within a given number of days of today
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''')),
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(["patterns"], _("File Name Patterns"),
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_(r'''
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Mercurial accepts several notations for identifying one or more
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files at a time.
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By default, Mercurial treats filenames as shell-style extended
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glob patterns.
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Alternate pattern notations must be specified explicitly.
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To use a plain path name without any pattern matching, start it
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with "path:". These path names must completely match starting at
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the current repository root.
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To use an extended glob, start a name with "glob:". Globs are
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rooted at the current directory; a glob such as "``*.c``" will
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only match files in the current directory ending with ".c".
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The supported glob syntax extensions are "``**``" to match any
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string across path separators and "{a,b}" to mean "a or b".
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To use a Perl/Python regular expression, start a name with "re:".
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Regexp pattern matching is anchored at the root of the repository.
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Plain examples::
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path:foo/bar a name bar in a directory named foo in the root
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of the repository
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path:path:name a file or directory named "path:name"
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Glob examples::
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glob:*.c any name ending in ".c" in the current directory
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*.c any name ending in ".c" in the current directory
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**.c any name ending in ".c" in any subdirectory of the
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current directory including itself.
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foo/*.c any name ending in ".c" in the directory foo
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foo/**.c any name ending in ".c" in any subdirectory of foo
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including itself.
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Regexp examples::
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re:.*\.c$ any name ending in ".c", anywhere in the repository
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''')),
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(['environment', 'env'], _('Environment Variables'),
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_(r'''
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HG
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Path to the 'hg' executable, automatically passed when running
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hooks, extensions or external tools. If unset or empty, this is
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the hg executable's name if it's frozen, or an executable named
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'hg' (with %PATHEXT% [defaulting to COM/EXE/BAT/CMD] extensions on
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Windows) is searched.
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HGEDITOR
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This is the name of the editor to run when committing. See EDITOR.
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(deprecated, use .hgrc)
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HGENCODING
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This overrides the default locale setting detected by Mercurial.
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This setting is used to convert data including usernames,
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changeset descriptions, tag names, and branches. This setting can
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be overridden with the --encoding command-line option.
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HGENCODINGMODE
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This sets Mercurial's behavior for handling unknown characters
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while transcoding user input. The default is "strict", which
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causes Mercurial to abort if it can't map a character. Other
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settings include "replace", which replaces unknown characters, and
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"ignore", which drops them. This setting can be overridden with
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the --encodingmode command-line option.
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HGMERGE
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An executable to use for resolving merge conflicts. The program
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will be executed with three arguments: local file, remote file,
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ancestor file.
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(deprecated, use .hgrc)
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HGRCPATH
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A list of files or directories to search for hgrc files. Item
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separator is ":" on Unix, ";" on Windows. If HGRCPATH is not set,
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platform default search path is used. If empty, only the .hg/hgrc
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from the current repository is read.
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For each element in HGRCPATH:
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- if it's a directory, all files ending with .rc are added
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- otherwise, the file itself will be added
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HGUSER
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This is the string used as the author of a commit. If not set,
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available values will be considered in this order:
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- HGUSER (deprecated)
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- hgrc files from the HGRCPATH
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- EMAIL
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- interactive prompt
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- LOGNAME (with '@hostname' appended)
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(deprecated, use .hgrc)
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EMAIL
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May be used as the author of a commit; see HGUSER.
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LOGNAME
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May be used as the author of a commit; see HGUSER.
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VISUAL
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This is the name of the editor to use when committing. See EDITOR.
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EDITOR
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Sometimes Mercurial needs to open a text file in an editor for a
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user to modify, for example when writing commit messages. The
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editor it uses is determined by looking at the environment
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variables HGEDITOR, VISUAL and EDITOR, in that order. The first
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non-empty one is chosen. If all of them are empty, the editor
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defaults to 'vi'.
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PYTHONPATH
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This is used by Python to find imported modules and may need to be
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set appropriately if this Mercurial is not installed system-wide.
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''')),
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(['revs', 'revisions'], _('Specifying Single Revisions'),
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_(r'''
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Mercurial supports several ways to specify individual revisions.
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A plain integer is treated as a revision number. Negative integers
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are treated as sequential offsets from the tip, with -1 denoting
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the tip, -2 denoting the revision prior to the tip, and so forth.
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A 40-digit hexadecimal string is treated as a unique revision
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identifier.
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A hexadecimal string less than 40 characters long is treated as a
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unique revision identifier and is referred to as a short-form
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identifier. A short-form identifier is only valid if it is the
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prefix of exactly one full-length identifier.
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Any other string is treated as a tag or branch name. A tag name is
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a symbolic name associated with a revision identifier. A branch
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name denotes the tipmost revision of that branch. Tag and branch
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names must not contain the ":" character.
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The reserved name "tip" is a special tag that always identifies
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the most recent revision.
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The reserved name "null" indicates the null revision. This is the
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revision of an empty repository, and the parent of revision 0.
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The reserved name "." indicates the working directory parent. If
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no working directory is checked out, it is equivalent to null. If
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an uncommitted merge is in progress, "." is the revision of the
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first parent.
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''')),
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(['mrevs', 'multirevs'], _('Specifying Multiple Revisions'),
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_(r'''
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When Mercurial accepts more than one revision, they may be
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specified individually, or provided as a topologically continuous
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range, separated by the ":" character.
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The syntax of range notation is [BEGIN]:[END], where BEGIN and END
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are revision identifiers. Both BEGIN and END are optional. If
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BEGIN is not specified, it defaults to revision number 0. If END
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is not specified, it defaults to the tip. The range ":" thus means
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"all revisions".
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If BEGIN is greater than END, revisions are treated in reverse
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order.
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A range acts as a closed interval. This means that a range of 3:5
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gives 3, 4 and 5. Similarly, a range of 9:6 gives 9, 8, 7, and 6.
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''')),
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(['diffs'], _('Diff Formats'),
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_(r'''
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Mercurial's default format for showing changes between two
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versions of a file is compatible with the unified format of GNU
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diff, which can be used by GNU patch and many other standard
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tools.
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While this standard format is often enough, it does not encode the
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following information:
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- executable status and other permission bits
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- copy or rename information
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- changes in binary files
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- creation or deletion of empty files
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Mercurial also supports the extended diff format from the git VCS
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which addresses these limitations. The git diff format is not
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produced by default because a few widespread tools still do not
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understand this format.
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This means that when generating diffs from a Mercurial repository
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(e.g. with "hg export"), you should be careful about things like
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file copies and renames or other things mentioned above, because
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when applying a standard diff to a different repository, this
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extra information is lost. Mercurial's internal operations (like
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push and pull) are not affected by this, because they use an
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internal binary format for communicating changes.
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To make Mercurial produce the git extended diff format, use the
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--git option available for many commands, or set 'git = True' in
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the [diff] section of your hgrc. You do not need to set this
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option when importing diffs in this format or using them in the mq
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extension.
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''')),
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(['templating', 'templates'], _('Template Usage'),
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_(r'''
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Mercurial allows you to customize output of commands through
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templates. You can either pass in a template from the command
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line, via the --template option, or select an existing
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template-style (--style).
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You can customize output for any "log-like" command: log,
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outgoing, incoming, tip, parents, heads and glog.
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Three styles are packaged with Mercurial: default (the style used
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when no explicit preference is passed), compact and changelog.
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Usage::
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$ hg log -r1 --style changelog
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A template is a piece of text, with markup to invoke variable
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expansion::
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$ hg log -r1 --template "{node}\n"
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b56ce7b07c52de7d5fd79fb89701ea538af65746
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Strings in curly braces are called keywords. The availability of
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keywords depends on the exact context of the templater. These
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keywords are usually available for templating a log-like command:
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:author: String. The unmodified author of the changeset.
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:branches: String. The name of the branch on which the changeset
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was committed. Will be empty if the branch name was
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default.
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:date: Date information. The date when the changeset was
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committed.
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:desc: String. The text of the changeset description.
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:diffstat: String. Statistics of changes with the following
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format: "modified files: +added/-removed lines"
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:files: List of strings. All files modified, added, or removed
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by this changeset.
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:file_adds: List of strings. Files added by this changeset.
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:file_mods: List of strings. Files modified by this changeset.
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:file_dels: List of strings. Files removed by this changeset.
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:node: String. The changeset identification hash, as a
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40-character hexadecimal string.
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:parents: List of strings. The parents of the changeset.
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:rev: Integer. The repository-local changeset revision
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number.
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:tags: List of strings. Any tags associated with the
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changeset.
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:latesttag: String. Most recent global tag in the ancestors of this
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changeset.
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:latesttagdistance: Integer. Longest path to the latest tag.
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The "date" keyword does not produce human-readable output. If you
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want to use a date in your output, you can use a filter to process
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it. Filters are functions which return a string based on the input
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variable. You can also use a chain of filters to get the desired
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output::
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$ hg tip --template "{date|isodate}\n"
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2008-08-21 18:22 +0000
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List of filters:
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:addbreaks: Any text. Add an XHTML "<br />" tag before the end of
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every line except the last.
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:age: Date. Returns a human-readable date/time difference
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between the given date/time and the current
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date/time.
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:basename: Any text. Treats the text as a path, and returns the
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last component of the path after splitting by the
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path separator (ignoring trailing separators). For
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example, "foo/bar/baz" becomes "baz" and "foo/bar//"
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becomes "bar".
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:stripdir: Treat the text as path and strip a directory level,
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if possible. For example, "foo" and "foo/bar" becomes
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"foo".
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:date: Date. Returns a date in a Unix date format, including
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the timezone: "Mon Sep 04 15:13:13 2006 0700".
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:domain: Any text. Finds the first string that looks like an
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email address, and extracts just the domain
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component. Example: 'User <user@example.com>' becomes
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'example.com'.
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:email: Any text. Extracts the first string that looks like
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an email address. Example: 'User <user@example.com>'
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becomes 'user@example.com'.
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:escape: Any text. Replaces the special XML/XHTML characters
|
|
|
"&", "<" and ">" with XML entities.
|
|
|
:fill68: Any text. Wraps the text to fit in 68 columns.
|
|
|
:fill76: Any text. Wraps the text to fit in 76 columns.
|
|
|
:firstline: Any text. Returns the first line of text.
|
|
|
:nonempty: Any text. Returns '(none)' if the string is empty.
|
|
|
:hgdate: Date. Returns the date as a pair of numbers:
|
|
|
"1157407993 25200" (Unix timestamp, timezone offset).
|
|
|
:isodate: Date. Returns the date in ISO 8601 format:
|
|
|
"2009-08-18 13:00 +0200".
|
|
|
:isodatesec: Date. Returns the date in ISO 8601 format, including
|
|
|
seconds: "2009-08-18 13:00:13 +0200". See also the
|
|
|
rfc3339date filter.
|
|
|
:localdate: Date. Converts a date to local date.
|
|
|
:obfuscate: Any text. Returns the input text rendered as a
|
|
|
sequence of XML entities.
|
|
|
:person: Any text. Returns the text before an email address.
|
|
|
:rfc822date: Date. Returns a date using the same format used in
|
|
|
email headers: "Tue, 18 Aug 2009 13:00:13 +0200".
|
|
|
:rfc3339date: Date. Returns a date using the Internet date format
|
|
|
specified in RFC 3339: "2009-08-18T13:00:13+02:00".
|
|
|
:short: Changeset hash. Returns the short form of a changeset
|
|
|
hash, i.e. a 12-byte hexadecimal string.
|
|
|
:shortdate: Date. Returns a date like "2006-09-18".
|
|
|
:strip: Any text. Strips all leading and trailing whitespace.
|
|
|
:tabindent: Any text. Returns the text, with every line except
|
|
|
the first starting with a tab character.
|
|
|
:urlescape: Any text. Escapes all "special" characters. For
|
|
|
example, "foo bar" becomes "foo%20bar".
|
|
|
:user: Any text. Returns the user portion of an email
|
|
|
address.
|
|
|
''')),
|
|
|
|
|
|
(['urls'], _('URL Paths'),
|
|
|
_(r'''
|
|
|
Valid URLs are of the form::
|
|
|
|
|
|
local/filesystem/path[#revision]
|
|
|
file://local/filesystem/path[#revision]
|
|
|
http://[user[:pass]@]host[:port]/[path][#revision]
|
|
|
https://[user[:pass]@]host[:port]/[path][#revision]
|
|
|
ssh://[user[:pass]@]host[:port]/[path][#revision]
|
|
|
|
|
|
Paths in the local filesystem can either point to Mercurial
|
|
|
repositories or to bundle files (as created by 'hg bundle' or 'hg
|
|
|
incoming --bundle').
|
|
|
|
|
|
An optional identifier after # indicates a particular branch, tag,
|
|
|
or changeset to use from the remote repository. See also 'hg help
|
|
|
revisions'.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Some features, such as pushing to http:// and https:// URLs are
|
|
|
only possible if the feature is explicitly enabled on the remote
|
|
|
Mercurial server.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Some notes about using SSH with Mercurial:
|
|
|
|
|
|
- SSH requires an accessible shell account on the destination
|
|
|
machine and a copy of hg in the remote path or specified with as
|
|
|
remotecmd.
|
|
|
- path is relative to the remote user's home directory by default.
|
|
|
Use an extra slash at the start of a path to specify an absolute
|
|
|
path::
|
|
|
|
|
|
ssh://example.com//tmp/repository
|
|
|
|
|
|
- Mercurial doesn't use its own compression via SSH; the right
|
|
|
thing to do is to configure it in your ~/.ssh/config, e.g.::
|
|
|
|
|
|
Host *.mylocalnetwork.example.com
|
|
|
Compression no
|
|
|
Host *
|
|
|
Compression yes
|
|
|
|
|
|
Alternatively specify "ssh -C" as your ssh command in your hgrc
|
|
|
or with the --ssh command line option.
|
|
|
|
|
|
These URLs can all be stored in your hgrc with path aliases under
|
|
|
the [paths] section like so::
|
|
|
|
|
|
[paths]
|
|
|
alias1 = URL1
|
|
|
alias2 = URL2
|
|
|
...
|
|
|
|
|
|
You can then use the alias for any command that uses a URL (for
|
|
|
example 'hg pull alias1' would pull from the 'alias1' path).
|
|
|
|
|
|
Two path aliases are special because they are used as defaults
|
|
|
when you do not provide the URL to a command:
|
|
|
|
|
|
default:
|
|
|
When you create a repository with hg clone, the clone command
|
|
|
saves the location of the source repository as the new
|
|
|
repository's 'default' path. This is then used when you omit
|
|
|
path from push- and pull-like commands (including incoming and
|
|
|
outgoing).
|
|
|
|
|
|
default-push:
|
|
|
The push command will look for a path named 'default-push', and
|
|
|
prefer it over 'default' if both are defined.
|
|
|
''')),
|
|
|
(["extensions"], _("Using additional features"), extshelp),
|
|
|
)
|
|
|
|