Add uv line magic (#14537)

This adds the ability to install packages using `%uv install [pkgs]`
line magic.

IPython/core/magics/packaging.py

@@ -1,164 +1,181
 """Implementation of packaging-related magic functions.
 """
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 #  Copyright (c) 2018 The IPython Development Team.
 #
 #  Distributed under the terms of the Modified BSD License.
 #
 #  The full license is in the file COPYING.txt, distributed with this software.
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 import functools
 import os
 import re
 import shlex
 import sys
 from pathlib import Path
 
 from IPython.core.magic import Magics, magics_class, line_magic
 
 
 def is_conda_environment(func):
     @functools.wraps(func)
     def wrapper(*args, **kwargs):
         """Return True if the current Python executable is in a conda env"""
         # TODO: does this need to change on windows?
         if not Path(sys.prefix, "conda-meta", "history").exists():
             raise ValueError(
                 "The python kernel does not appear to be a conda environment.  "
                 "Please use ``%pip install`` instead."
             )
         return func(*args, **kwargs)
 
     return wrapper
 
 
 def _get_conda_like_executable(command):
     """Find the path to the given executable
 
     Parameters
     ----------
 
     executable: string
         Value should be: conda, mamba or micromamba
     """
     # Check for a environment variable bound to the base executable, both conda and mamba
     # set these when activating an environment.
     base_executable = "CONDA_EXE"
     if "mamba" in command.lower():
         base_executable = "MAMBA_EXE"
     if base_executable in os.environ:
         executable = Path(os.environ[base_executable])
         if executable.is_file():
             return str(executable.resolve())
 
     # Check if there is a conda executable in the same directory as the Python executable.
     # This is the case within conda's root environment.
     executable = Path(sys.executable).parent / command
     if executable.is_file():
         return str(executable)
 
     # Otherwise, attempt to extract the executable from conda history.
     # This applies in any conda environment. Parsing this way is error prone because
     # different versions of conda and mamba include differing cmd values such as
     # `conda`, `conda-script.py`, or `path/to/conda`, here use the raw command provided.
     history = Path(sys.prefix, "conda-meta", "history").read_text(encoding="utf-8")
     match = re.search(
         rf"^#\s*cmd:\s*(?P<command>.*{command})\s[create|install]",
         history,
         flags=re.MULTILINE,
     )
     if match:
         return match.groupdict()["command"]
 
     # Fallback: assume the executable is available on the system path.
     return command
 
 
 CONDA_COMMANDS_REQUIRING_PREFIX = {
     'install', 'list', 'remove', 'uninstall', 'update', 'upgrade',
 }
 CONDA_COMMANDS_REQUIRING_YES = {
     'install', 'remove', 'uninstall', 'update', 'upgrade',
 }
 CONDA_ENV_FLAGS = {'-p', '--prefix', '-n', '--name'}
 CONDA_YES_FLAGS = {'-y', '--y'}
 
 
 @magics_class
 class PackagingMagics(Magics):
     """Magics related to packaging & installation"""
 
     @line_magic
     def pip(self, line):
         """Run the pip package manager within the current kernel.
 
         Usage:
           %pip install [pkgs]
         """
         python = sys.executable
         if sys.platform == "win32":
             python = '"' + python + '"'
         else:
             python = shlex.quote(python)
 
         self.shell.system(" ".join([python, "-m", "pip", line]))
 
         print("Note: you may need to restart the kernel to use updated packages.")
 
     def _run_command(self, cmd, line):
         args = shlex.split(line)
         command = args[0] if len(args) > 0 else ""
         args = args[1:] if len(args) > 1 else [""]
 
         extra_args = []
 
         # When the subprocess does not allow us to respond "yes" during the installation,
         # we need to insert --yes in the argument list for some commands
         stdin_disabled = getattr(self.shell, 'kernel', None) is not None
         needs_yes = command in CONDA_COMMANDS_REQUIRING_YES
         has_yes = set(args).intersection(CONDA_YES_FLAGS)
         if stdin_disabled and needs_yes and not has_yes:
             extra_args.append("--yes")
 
         # Add --prefix to point conda installation to the current environment
         needs_prefix = command in CONDA_COMMANDS_REQUIRING_PREFIX
         has_prefix = set(args).intersection(CONDA_ENV_FLAGS)
         if needs_prefix and not has_prefix:
             extra_args.extend(["--prefix", sys.prefix])
 
         self.shell.system(" ".join([cmd, command] + extra_args + args))
         print("\nNote: you may need to restart the kernel to use updated packages.")
 
     @line_magic
     @is_conda_environment
     def conda(self, line):
         """Run the conda package manager within the current kernel.
 
         Usage:
           %conda install [pkgs]
         """
         conda = _get_conda_like_executable("conda")
         self._run_command(conda, line)
 
     @line_magic
     @is_conda_environment
     def mamba(self, line):
         """Run the mamba package manager within the current kernel.
 
         Usage:
           %mamba install [pkgs]
         """
         mamba = _get_conda_like_executable("mamba")
         self._run_command(mamba, line)
 
     @line_magic
     @is_conda_environment
     def micromamba(self, line):
         """Run the conda package manager within the current kernel.
 
         Usage:
           %micromamba install [pkgs]
         """
         micromamba = _get_conda_like_executable("micromamba")
         self._run_command(micromamba, line)
+
+    @line_magic
+    def uv(self, line):
+        """Run the uv package manager within the current kernel.
+
+        Usage:
+          %uv pip install [pkgs]
+        """
+        python = sys.executable
+        if sys.platform == "win32":
+            python = '"' + python + '"'
+        else:
+            python = shlex.quote(python)
+
+        self.shell.system(" ".join([python, "-m", "uv", line]))
+
+        print("Note: you may need to restart the kernel to use updated packages.")