Fixing two small bugs in :mod:`IPython.kernel`.

* In :mod:`IPython.kernel.launcher` we were not handling the lookup of
  ``job.exe`` properly on Windows if the HPC pack was not installed.
* When :mod:`IPython.kernel.client` was imported, Twisted was giving
  warnings that we have silenced.

IPython/kernel/client.py

@@ -1,87 +1,95 b''
 #!/usr/bin/env python
 # encoding: utf-8
 
 """This module contains blocking clients for the controller interfaces.
 
 Unlike the clients in `asyncclient.py`, the clients in this module are fully
 blocking.  This means that methods on the clients return the actual results
 rather than a deferred to the result.  Also, we manage the Twisted reactor
 for you.  This is done by running the reactor in a thread.
 
 The main classes in this module are:
 
     * MultiEngineClient
     * TaskClient
     * Task
     * CompositeError
 """
 
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 #  Copyright (C) 2008-2009  The IPython Development Team
 #
 #  Distributed under the terms of the BSD License.  The full license is in
 #  the file COPYING, distributed as part of this software.
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-# Imports
+# Warnings control
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-import sys
 import warnings
 
-# from IPython.utils import growl
-# growl.start("IPython1 Client")
+# Twisted generates annoying warnings with Python 2.6, as will do other code
+# that imports 'sets' as of today
+warnings.filterwarnings('ignore', 'the sets module is deprecated',
+                        DeprecationWarning )
+
+# This one also comes from Twisted
+warnings.filterwarnings('ignore', 'the sha module is deprecated',
+                        DeprecationWarning)
+
+#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Imports
+#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
+import sys
 
 from twisted.internet import reactor
 from twisted.internet.error import PotentialZombieWarning
 from twisted.python import log
 
 from IPython.kernel.clientconnector import ClientConnector, Cluster
 from IPython.kernel.twistedutil import ReactorInThread
 from IPython.kernel.twistedutil import blockingCallFromThread
 
 # These enable various things 
 from IPython.kernel import codeutil
 # import IPython.kernel.magic
 
 # Other things that the user will need
 from IPython.kernel.task import MapTask, StringTask
 from IPython.kernel.error import CompositeError
 
 #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Code
 #-------------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 warnings.simplefilter('ignore', PotentialZombieWarning)
 
 _client_tub = ClientConnector()
 
 get_multiengine_client = _client_tub.get_multiengine_client
 get_task_client = _client_tub.get_task_client
 MultiEngineClient = get_multiengine_client
 TaskClient = get_task_client
 
 # This isn't great.  I should probably set this up in the ReactorInThread
 # class below.  But, it does work for now.
 log.startLogging(sys.stdout, setStdout=0)
 
 # Now we start the reactor in a thread
 rit = ReactorInThread()
 rit.setDaemon(True)
 rit.start()
 
 
-
-
 __all__ = [
     'MapTask',
     'StringTask',
     'MultiEngineClient',
     'TaskClient',
     'CompositeError',
     'get_task_client',
     'get_multiengine_client',
     'Cluster'
 ]

IPython/kernel/launcher.py

@@ -1,832 +1,835 b''
 #!/usr/bin/env python
 # encoding: utf-8
 """
 Facilities for launching IPython processes asynchronously.
 """
 
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 #  Copyright (C) 2008-2009  The IPython Development Team
 #
 #  Distributed under the terms of the BSD License.  The full license is in
 #  the file COPYING, distributed as part of this software.
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Imports
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 import os
 import re
 import sys
 
 from IPython.core.component import Component
 from IPython.external import Itpl
 from IPython.utils.traitlets import Str, Int, List, Unicode
 from IPython.utils.path import get_ipython_module_path
-from IPython.utils.process import find_cmd, pycmd2argv
+from IPython.utils.process import find_cmd, pycmd2argv, FindCmdError
 from IPython.kernel.twistedutil import (
     gatherBoth,
     make_deferred,
     sleep_deferred
 )
 from IPython.kernel.winhpcjob import (
     IPControllerTask, IPEngineTask,
     IPControllerJob, IPEngineSetJob
 )
 
 from twisted.internet import reactor, defer
 from twisted.internet.defer import inlineCallbacks
 from twisted.internet.protocol import ProcessProtocol
 from twisted.internet.utils import getProcessOutput
 from twisted.internet.error import ProcessDone, ProcessTerminated
 from twisted.python import log
 from twisted.python.failure import Failure
 
 
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Paths to the kernel apps
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 
 ipcluster_cmd_argv = pycmd2argv(get_ipython_module_path(
     'IPython.kernel.ipclusterapp'
 ))
 
 ipengine_cmd_argv = pycmd2argv(get_ipython_module_path(
     'IPython.kernel.ipengineapp'
 ))
 
 ipcontroller_cmd_argv = pycmd2argv(get_ipython_module_path(
     'IPython.kernel.ipcontrollerapp'
 ))
 
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Base launchers and errors
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 
 class LauncherError(Exception):
     pass
 
 
 class ProcessStateError(LauncherError):
     pass
 
 
 class UnknownStatus(LauncherError):
     pass
 
 
 class BaseLauncher(Component):
     """An asbtraction for starting, stopping and signaling a process."""
 
     # In all of the launchers, the work_dir is where child processes will be
     # run. This will usually be the cluster_dir, but may not be. any work_dir
     # passed into the __init__ method will override the config value.
     # This should not be used to set the work_dir for the actual engine
     # and controller. Instead, use their own config files or the
     # controller_args, engine_args attributes of the launchers to add
     # the --work-dir option.
     work_dir = Unicode(u'')
 
     def __init__(self, work_dir, parent=None, name=None, config=None):
         super(BaseLauncher, self).__init__(parent, name, config)
         self.work_dir = work_dir
         self.state = 'before' # can be before, running, after
         self.stop_deferreds = []
         self.start_data = None
         self.stop_data = None
 
     @property
     def args(self):
         """A list of cmd and args that will be used to start the process.
 
         This is what is passed to :func:`spawnProcess` and the first element
         will be the process name.
         """
         return self.find_args()
 
     def find_args(self):
         """The ``.args`` property calls this to find the args list.
 
         Subcommand should implement this to construct the cmd and args.
         """
         raise NotImplementedError('find_args must be implemented in a subclass')
 
     @property
     def arg_str(self):
         """The string form of the program arguments."""
         return ' '.join(self.args)
 
     @property
     def running(self):
         """Am I running."""
         if self.state == 'running':
             return True
         else:
             return False
 
     def start(self):
         """Start the process.
 
         This must return a deferred that fires with information about the
         process starting (like a pid, job id, etc.).
         """
         return defer.fail(
             Failure(NotImplementedError(
                 'start must be implemented in a subclass')
             )
         )
 
     def stop(self):
         """Stop the process and notify observers of stopping.
 
         This must return a deferred that fires with information about the
         processing stopping, like errors that occur while the process is
         attempting to be shut down. This deferred won't fire when the process
         actually stops. To observe the actual process stopping, see
         :func:`observe_stop`.
         """
         return defer.fail(
             Failure(NotImplementedError(
                 'stop must be implemented in a subclass')
             )
         )
 
     def observe_stop(self):
         """Get a deferred that will fire when the process stops.
 
         The deferred will fire with data that contains information about
         the exit status of the process.
         """
         if self.state=='after':
             return defer.succeed(self.stop_data)
         else:
             d = defer.Deferred()
             self.stop_deferreds.append(d)
             return d
 
     def notify_start(self, data):
         """Call this to trigger startup actions.
 
         This logs the process startup and sets the state to 'running'.  It is
         a pass-through so it can be used as a callback.
         """
 
         log.msg('Process %r started: %r' % (self.args[0], data))
         self.start_data = data
         self.state = 'running'
         return data
 
     def notify_stop(self, data):
         """Call this to trigger process stop actions.
 
         This logs the process stopping and sets the state to 'after'. Call
         this to trigger all the deferreds from :func:`observe_stop`."""
 
         log.msg('Process %r stopped: %r' % (self.args[0], data))
         self.stop_data = data
         self.state = 'after'
         for i in range(len(self.stop_deferreds)):
             d = self.stop_deferreds.pop()
             d.callback(data)
         return data
 
     def signal(self, sig):
         """Signal the process.
 
         Return a semi-meaningless deferred after signaling the process.
 
         Parameters
         ----------
         sig : str or int
             'KILL', 'INT', etc., or any signal number
         """
         return defer.fail(
             Failure(NotImplementedError(
                 'signal must be implemented in a subclass')
             )
         )
 
 
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Local process launchers
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 
 class LocalProcessLauncherProtocol(ProcessProtocol):
     """A ProcessProtocol to go with the LocalProcessLauncher."""
 
     def __init__(self, process_launcher):
         self.process_launcher = process_launcher
         self.pid = None
 
     def connectionMade(self):
         self.pid = self.transport.pid
         self.process_launcher.notify_start(self.transport.pid)
 
     def processEnded(self, status):
         value = status.value
         if isinstance(value, ProcessDone):
             self.process_launcher.notify_stop(
                 {'exit_code':0,
                  'signal':None,
                  'status':None,
                  'pid':self.pid
                 }
             )
         elif isinstance(value, ProcessTerminated):
             self.process_launcher.notify_stop(
                 {'exit_code':value.exitCode,
                  'signal':value.signal,
                  'status':value.status,
                  'pid':self.pid
                 }
             )
         else:
             raise UnknownStatus("Unknown exit status, this is probably a "
                                 "bug in Twisted")
 
     def outReceived(self, data):
         log.msg(data)
 
     def errReceived(self, data):
         log.err(data)
 
 
 class LocalProcessLauncher(BaseLauncher):
     """Start and stop an external process in an asynchronous manner.
 
     This will launch the external process with a working directory of
     ``self.work_dir``.
     """
 
     # This is used to to construct self.args, which is passed to 
     # spawnProcess.
     cmd_and_args = List([])
 
     def __init__(self, work_dir, parent=None, name=None, config=None):
         super(LocalProcessLauncher, self).__init__(
             work_dir, parent, name, config
         )
         self.process_protocol = None
         self.start_deferred = None
 
     def find_args(self):
         return self.cmd_and_args
 
     def start(self):
         if self.state == 'before':
             self.process_protocol = LocalProcessLauncherProtocol(self)
             self.start_deferred = defer.Deferred()
             self.process_transport = reactor.spawnProcess(
                 self.process_protocol,
                 str(self.args[0]),  # twisted expects these to be str, not unicode
                 [str(a) for a in self.args],  # str expected, not unicode
                 env=os.environ,
                 path=self.work_dir  # start in the work_dir
             )
             return self.start_deferred
         else:
             s = 'The process was already started and has state: %r' % self.state
             return defer.fail(ProcessStateError(s))
 
     def notify_start(self, data):
         super(LocalProcessLauncher, self).notify_start(data)
         self.start_deferred.callback(data)
 
     def stop(self):
         return self.interrupt_then_kill()
 
     @make_deferred
     def signal(self, sig):
         if self.state == 'running':
             self.process_transport.signalProcess(sig)
 
     @inlineCallbacks
     def interrupt_then_kill(self, delay=2.0):
         """Send INT, wait a delay and then send KILL."""
         yield self.signal('INT')
         yield sleep_deferred(delay)
         yield self.signal('KILL')
 
 
 class LocalControllerLauncher(LocalProcessLauncher):
     """Launch a controller as a regular external process."""
 
     controller_cmd = List(ipcontroller_cmd_argv, config=True)
     # Command line arguments to ipcontroller.
     controller_args = List(['--log-to-file','--log-level', '40'], config=True)
 
     def find_args(self):
         return self.controller_cmd + self.controller_args
 
     def start(self, cluster_dir):
         """Start the controller by cluster_dir."""
         self.controller_args.extend(['--cluster-dir', cluster_dir])
         self.cluster_dir = unicode(cluster_dir)
         log.msg("Starting LocalControllerLauncher: %r" % self.args)
         return super(LocalControllerLauncher, self).start()
 
 
 class LocalEngineLauncher(LocalProcessLauncher):
     """Launch a single engine as a regular externall process."""
 
     engine_cmd = List(ipengine_cmd_argv, config=True)
     # Command line arguments for ipengine.
     engine_args = List(
         ['--log-to-file','--log-level', '40'], config=True
     )
 
     def find_args(self):
         return self.engine_cmd + self.engine_args
 
     def start(self, cluster_dir):
         """Start the engine by cluster_dir."""
         self.engine_args.extend(['--cluster-dir', cluster_dir])
         self.cluster_dir = unicode(cluster_dir)
         return super(LocalEngineLauncher, self).start()
 
 
 class LocalEngineSetLauncher(BaseLauncher):
     """Launch a set of engines as regular external processes."""
 
     # Command line arguments for ipengine.
     engine_args = List(
         ['--log-to-file','--log-level', '40'], config=True
     )
 
     def __init__(self, work_dir, parent=None, name=None, config=None):
         super(LocalEngineSetLauncher, self).__init__(
             work_dir, parent, name, config
         )
         self.launchers = []
 
     def start(self, n, cluster_dir):
         """Start n engines by profile or cluster_dir."""
         self.cluster_dir = unicode(cluster_dir)
         dlist = []
         for i in range(n):
             el = LocalEngineLauncher(self.work_dir, self)
             # Copy the engine args over to each engine launcher.
             import copy
             el.engine_args = copy.deepcopy(self.engine_args)
             d = el.start(cluster_dir)
             if i==0:
                 log.msg("Starting LocalEngineSetLauncher: %r" % el.args)
             self.launchers.append(el)
             dlist.append(d)
         # The consumeErrors here could be dangerous
         dfinal = gatherBoth(dlist, consumeErrors=True)
         dfinal.addCallback(self.notify_start)
         return dfinal
 
     def find_args(self):
         return ['engine set']
 
     def signal(self, sig):
         dlist = []
         for el in self.launchers:
             d = el.signal(sig)
             dlist.append(d)
         dfinal = gatherBoth(dlist, consumeErrors=True)
         return dfinal
 
     def interrupt_then_kill(self, delay=1.0):
         dlist = []
         for el in self.launchers:
             d = el.interrupt_then_kill(delay)
             dlist.append(d)
         dfinal = gatherBoth(dlist, consumeErrors=True)
         return dfinal
 
     def stop(self):
         return self.interrupt_then_kill()
 
     def observe_stop(self):
         dlist = [el.observe_stop() for el in self.launchers]
         dfinal = gatherBoth(dlist, consumeErrors=False)
         dfinal.addCallback(self.notify_stop)
         return dfinal
 
 
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # MPIExec launchers
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 
 class MPIExecLauncher(LocalProcessLauncher):
     """Launch an external process using mpiexec."""
 
     # The mpiexec command to use in starting the process.
     mpi_cmd = List(['mpiexec'], config=True)
     # The command line arguments to pass to mpiexec.
     mpi_args = List([], config=True)
     # The program to start using mpiexec.
     program = List(['date'], config=True)
     # The command line argument to the program.
     program_args = List([], config=True)
     # The number of instances of the program to start.
     n = Int(1, config=True)
 
     def find_args(self):
         """Build self.args using all the fields."""
         return self.mpi_cmd + ['-n', self.n] + self.mpi_args + \
                self.program + self.program_args
 
     def start(self, n):
         """Start n instances of the program using mpiexec."""
         self.n = n
         return super(MPIExecLauncher, self).start()
 
 
 class MPIExecControllerLauncher(MPIExecLauncher):
     """Launch a controller using mpiexec."""
 
     controller_cmd = List(ipcontroller_cmd_argv, config=True)
     # Command line arguments to ipcontroller.
     controller_args = List(['--log-to-file','--log-level', '40'], config=True)
     n = Int(1, config=False)
 
     def start(self, cluster_dir):
         """Start the controller by cluster_dir."""
         self.controller_args.extend(['--cluster-dir', cluster_dir])
         self.cluster_dir = unicode(cluster_dir)
         log.msg("Starting MPIExecControllerLauncher: %r" % self.args)
         return super(MPIExecControllerLauncher, self).start(1)
 
     def find_args(self):
         return self.mpi_cmd + ['-n', self.n] + self.mpi_args + \
                self.controller_cmd + self.controller_args
 
 
 class MPIExecEngineSetLauncher(MPIExecLauncher):
 
     engine_cmd = List(ipengine_cmd_argv, config=True)
     # Command line arguments for ipengine.
     engine_args = List(
         ['--log-to-file','--log-level', '40'], config=True
     )
     n = Int(1, config=True)
 
     def start(self, n, cluster_dir):
         """Start n engines by profile or cluster_dir."""
         self.engine_args.extend(['--cluster-dir', cluster_dir])
         self.cluster_dir = unicode(cluster_dir)
         self.n = n
         log.msg('Starting MPIExecEngineSetLauncher: %r' % self.args)
         return super(MPIExecEngineSetLauncher, self).start(n)
 
     def find_args(self):
         return self.mpi_cmd + ['-n', self.n] + self.mpi_args + \
                self.engine_cmd + self.engine_args
 
 
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # SSH launchers
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 # TODO: Get SSH Launcher working again.
 
 class SSHLauncher(BaseLauncher):
     """A minimal launcher for ssh.
 
     To be useful this will probably have to be extended to use the ``sshx``
     idea for environment variables.  There could be other things this needs
     as well.
     """
 
     ssh_cmd = List(['ssh'], config=True)
     ssh_args = List([], config=True)
     program = List(['date'], config=True)
     program_args = List([], config=True)
     hostname = Str('', config=True)
     user = Str('', config=True)
     location = Str('')
 
     def _hostname_changed(self, name, old, new):
         self.location = '%s@%s' % (self.user, new)
 
     def _user_changed(self, name, old, new):
         self.location = '%s@%s' % (new, self.hostname)
 
     def find_args(self):
         return self.ssh_cmd + self.ssh_args + [self.location] + \
                self.program + self.program_args
 
     def start(self, n, hostname=None, user=None):
         if hostname is not None:
             self.hostname = hostname
         if user is not None:
             self.user = user
         return super(SSHLauncher, self).start()
 
 
 class SSHControllerLauncher(SSHLauncher):
     pass
 
 
 class SSHEngineSetLauncher(BaseLauncher):
     pass
 
 
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Windows HPC Server 2008 scheduler launchers
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 
 # This is only used on Windows.
 def find_job_cmd():
     if os.name=='nt':
-        return find_cmd('job')
+        try:
+            return find_cmd('job')
+        except FindCmdError:
+            return 'job'
     else:
         return 'job'
 
 
 class WindowsHPCLauncher(BaseLauncher):
 
     # A regular expression used to get the job id from the output of the 
     # submit_command.
     job_id_regexp = Str(r'\d+', config=True)
     # The filename of the instantiated job script.
     job_file_name = Unicode(u'ipython_job.xml', config=True)
     # The full path to the instantiated job script. This gets made dynamically
     # by combining the work_dir with the job_file_name.
     job_file = Unicode(u'')
     # The hostname of the scheduler to submit the job to
     scheduler = Str('', config=True)
     job_cmd = Str(find_job_cmd(), config=True)
 
     def __init__(self, work_dir, parent=None, name=None, config=None):
         super(WindowsHPCLauncher, self).__init__(
             work_dir, parent, name, config
         )
 
     @property
     def job_file(self):
         return os.path.join(self.work_dir, self.job_file_name)
 
     def write_job_file(self, n):
         raise NotImplementedError("Implement write_job_file in a subclass.")
 
     def find_args(self):
         return ['job.exe']
         
     def parse_job_id(self, output):
         """Take the output of the submit command and return the job id."""
         m = re.search(self.job_id_regexp, output)
         if m is not None:
             job_id = m.group()
         else:
             raise LauncherError("Job id couldn't be determined: %s" % output)
         self.job_id = job_id
         log.msg('Job started with job id: %r' % job_id)
         return job_id
 
     @inlineCallbacks
     def start(self, n):
         """Start n copies of the process using the Win HPC job scheduler."""
         self.write_job_file(n)
         args = [
             'submit',
             '/jobfile:%s' % self.job_file,
             '/scheduler:%s' % self.scheduler
         ]
         log.msg("Starting Win HPC Job: %s" % (self.job_cmd + ' ' + ' '.join(args),))
         # Twisted will raise DeprecationWarnings if we try to pass unicode to this
         output = yield getProcessOutput(str(self.job_cmd),
             [str(a) for a in args],
             env=dict((str(k),str(v)) for k,v in os.environ.items()),
             path=self.work_dir
         )
         job_id = self.parse_job_id(output)
         self.notify_start(job_id)
         defer.returnValue(job_id)
 
     @inlineCallbacks
     def stop(self):
         args = [
             'cancel',
             self.job_id,
             '/scheduler:%s' % self.scheduler
         ]
         log.msg("Stopping Win HPC Job: %s" % (self.job_cmd + ' ' + ' '.join(args),))
         try:
             # Twisted will raise DeprecationWarnings if we try to pass unicode to this
             output = yield getProcessOutput(str(self.job_cmd),
                 [str(a) for a in args],
                 env=dict((str(k),str(v)) for k,v in os.environ.items()),
                 path=self.work_dir
             )
         except:
             output = 'The job already appears to be stoppped: %r' % self.job_id
         self.notify_stop(output)  # Pass the output of the kill cmd
         defer.returnValue(output)
 
 
 class WindowsHPCControllerLauncher(WindowsHPCLauncher):
 
     job_file_name = Unicode(u'ipcontroller_job.xml', config=True)
     extra_args = List([], config=False)
 
     def write_job_file(self, n):
         job = IPControllerJob(self)
 
         t = IPControllerTask(self)
         # The tasks work directory is *not* the actual work directory of 
         # the controller. It is used as the base path for the stdout/stderr
         # files that the scheduler redirects to.
         t.work_directory = self.cluster_dir
         # Add the --cluster-dir and from self.start().
         t.controller_args.extend(self.extra_args)
         job.add_task(t)
 
         log.msg("Writing job description file: %s" % self.job_file)
         job.write(self.job_file)
 
     @property
     def job_file(self):
         return os.path.join(self.cluster_dir, self.job_file_name)
 
     def start(self, cluster_dir):
         """Start the controller by cluster_dir."""
         self.extra_args = ['--cluster-dir', cluster_dir]
         self.cluster_dir = unicode(cluster_dir)
         return super(WindowsHPCControllerLauncher, self).start(1)
 
 
 class WindowsHPCEngineSetLauncher(WindowsHPCLauncher):
 
     job_file_name = Unicode(u'ipengineset_job.xml', config=True)
     extra_args = List([], config=False)
 
     def write_job_file(self, n):
         job = IPEngineSetJob(self)
 
         for i in range(n):
             t = IPEngineTask(self)
             # The tasks work directory is *not* the actual work directory of 
             # the engine. It is used as the base path for the stdout/stderr
             # files that the scheduler redirects to.
             t.work_directory = self.cluster_dir
             # Add the --cluster-dir and from self.start().
             t.engine_args.extend(self.extra_args)
             job.add_task(t)
 
         log.msg("Writing job description file: %s" % self.job_file)
         job.write(self.job_file)
 
     @property
     def job_file(self):
         return os.path.join(self.cluster_dir, self.job_file_name)
 
     def start(self, n, cluster_dir):
         """Start the controller by cluster_dir."""
         self.extra_args = ['--cluster-dir', cluster_dir]
         self.cluster_dir = unicode(cluster_dir)
         return super(WindowsHPCEngineSetLauncher, self).start(n)
 
 
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Batch (PBS) system launchers
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 # TODO: Get PBS launcher working again.
 
 class BatchSystemLauncher(BaseLauncher):
     """Launch an external process using a batch system.
 
     This class is designed to work with UNIX batch systems like PBS, LSF,
     GridEngine, etc.  The overall model is that there are different commands
     like qsub, qdel, etc. that handle the starting and stopping of the process.
 
     This class also has the notion of a batch script. The ``batch_template``
     attribute can be set to a string that is a template for the batch script.
     This template is instantiated using Itpl. Thus the template can use
     ${n} fot the number of instances. Subclasses can add additional variables
     to the template dict.
     """
 
     # Subclasses must fill these in.  See PBSEngineSet
     # The name of the command line program used to submit jobs.
     submit_command = Str('', config=True)
     # The name of the command line program used to delete jobs.
     delete_command = Str('', config=True)
     # A regular expression used to get the job id from the output of the 
     # submit_command.
     job_id_regexp = Str('', config=True)
     # The string that is the batch script template itself.
     batch_template = Str('', config=True)
     # The filename of the instantiated batch script.
     batch_file_name = Unicode(u'batch_script', config=True)
     # The full path to the instantiated batch script.
     batch_file = Unicode(u'')
 
     def __init__(self, work_dir, parent=None, name=None, config=None):
         super(BatchSystemLauncher, self).__init__(
             work_dir, parent, name, config
         )
         self.batch_file = os.path.join(self.work_dir, self.batch_file_name)
         self.context = {}
 
     def parse_job_id(self, output):
         """Take the output of the submit command and return the job id."""
         m = re.match(self.job_id_regexp, output)
         if m is not None:
             job_id = m.group()
         else:
             raise LauncherError("Job id couldn't be determined: %s" % output)
         self.job_id = job_id
         log.msg('Job started with job id: %r' % job_id)
         return job_id
 
     def write_batch_script(self, n):
         """Instantiate and write the batch script to the work_dir."""
         self.context['n'] = n
         script_as_string = Itpl.itplns(self.batch_template, self.context)
         log.msg('Writing instantiated batch script: %s' % self.batch_file)
         f = open(self.batch_file, 'w')
         f.write(script_as_string)
         f.close()
 
     @inlineCallbacks
     def start(self, n):
         """Start n copies of the process using a batch system."""
         self.write_batch_script(n)
         output = yield getProcessOutput(self.submit_command,
             [self.batch_file], env=os.environ)
         job_id = self.parse_job_id(output)
         self.notify_start(job_id)
         defer.returnValue(job_id)
 
     @inlineCallbacks
     def stop(self):
         output = yield getProcessOutput(self.delete_command,
             [self.job_id], env=os.environ
         )
         self.notify_stop(output)  # Pass the output of the kill cmd
         defer.returnValue(output)
 
 
 class PBSLauncher(BatchSystemLauncher):
     """A BatchSystemLauncher subclass for PBS."""
 
     submit_command = Str('qsub', config=True)
     delete_command = Str('qdel', config=True)
     job_id_regexp = Str(r'\d+', config=True)
     batch_template = Str('', config=True)
     batch_file_name = Unicode(u'pbs_batch_script', config=True)
     batch_file = Unicode(u'')
 
 
 class PBSControllerLauncher(PBSLauncher):
     """Launch a controller using PBS."""
 
     batch_file_name = Unicode(u'pbs_batch_script_controller', config=True)
 
     def start(self, cluster_dir):
         """Start the controller by profile or cluster_dir."""
         # Here we save profile and cluster_dir in the context so they
         # can be used in the batch script template as ${profile} and
         # ${cluster_dir}
         self.context['cluster_dir'] = cluster_dir
         self.cluster_dir = unicode(cluster_dir)
         log.msg("Starting PBSControllerLauncher: %r" % self.args)
         return super(PBSControllerLauncher, self).start(1)
 
 
 class PBSEngineSetLauncher(PBSLauncher):
 
     batch_file_name = Unicode(u'pbs_batch_script_engines', config=True)
 
     def start(self, n, cluster_dir):
         """Start n engines by profile or cluster_dir."""
         self.program_args.extend(['--cluster-dir', cluster_dir])
         self.cluster_dir = unicode(cluster_dir)
         log.msg('Starting PBSEngineSetLauncher: %r' % self.args)
         return super(PBSEngineSetLauncher, self).start(n)
 
 
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # A launcher for ipcluster itself!
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 
 class IPClusterLauncher(LocalProcessLauncher):
     """Launch the ipcluster program in an external process."""
 
     ipcluster_cmd = List(ipcluster_cmd_argv, config=True)
     # Command line arguments to pass to ipcluster.
     ipcluster_args = List(
         ['--clean-logs', '--log-to-file', '--log-level', '40'], config=True)
     ipcluster_subcommand = Str('start')
     ipcluster_n = Int(2)
 
     def find_args(self):
         return self.ipcluster_cmd + [self.ipcluster_subcommand] + \
             ['-n', repr(self.ipcluster_n)] + self.ipcluster_args
 
     def start(self):
         log.msg("Starting ipcluster: %r" % self.args)
         return super(IPClusterLauncher, self).start()