Fix typo

IPython/core/completer.py

@@ -1,2012 +1,2012 b''
 """Completion for IPython.
 
 This module started as fork of the rlcompleter module in the Python standard
 library.  The original enhancements made to rlcompleter have been sent
 upstream and were accepted as of Python 2.3,
 
 This module now support a wide variety of completion mechanism both available
 for normal classic Python code, as well as completer for IPython specific
 Syntax like magics.
 
 Latex and Unicode completion
 ============================
 
 IPython and compatible frontends not only can complete your code, but can help
 you to input a wide range of characters. In particular we allow you to insert
 a unicode character using the tab completion mechanism.
 
 Forward latex/unicode completion
 --------------------------------
 
 Forward completion allows you to easily type a unicode character using its latex
 name, or unicode long description. To do so type a backslash follow by the
 relevant name and press tab:
 
 
 Using latex completion:
 
 .. code::
 
     \\alpha<tab>
     α
 
 or using unicode completion:
 
 
 .. code::
 
     \\greek small letter alpha<tab>
     α
 
 
 Only valid Python identifiers will complete. Combining characters (like arrow or
 dots) are also available, unlike latex they need to be put after the their
 counterpart that is to say, `F\\\\vec<tab>` is correct, not `\\\\vec<tab>F`.
 
 Some browsers are known to display combining characters incorrectly.
 
 Backward latex completion
 -------------------------
 
 It is sometime challenging to know how to type a character, if you are using
 IPython, or any compatible frontend you can prepend backslash to the character
 and press `<tab>` to expand it to its latex form.
 
 .. code::
 
     \\α<tab>
     \\alpha
 
 
 Both forward and backward completions can be deactivated by setting the
 ``Completer.backslash_combining_completions`` option to ``False``.
 
 
 Experimental
 ============
 
 Starting with IPython 6.0, this module can make use of the Jedi library to
 generate completions both using static analysis of the code, and dynamically
 inspecting multiple namespaces. The APIs attached to this new mechanism is
 unstable and will raise unless use in an :any:`provisionalcompleter` context
 manager.
 
 You will find that the following are experimental:
 
     - :any:`provisionalcompleter`
     - :any:`IPCompleter.completions`
     - :any:`Completion`
     - :any:`rectify_completions`
 
 .. note::
 
     better name for :any:`rectify_completions` ?
 
 We welcome any feedback on these new API, and we also encourage you to try this
 module in debug mode (start IPython with ``--Completer.debug=True``) in order
 to have extra logging information is :any:`jedi` is crashing, or if current
 IPython completer pending deprecations are returning results not yet handled
 by :any:`jedi`
 
 Using Jedi for tab completion allow snippets like the following to work without
 having to execute any code:
 
    >>> myvar = ['hello', 42]
    ... myvar[1].bi<tab>
 
 Tab completion will be able to infer that ``myvar[1]`` is a real number without
 executing any code unlike the previously available ``IPCompleter.greedy``
 option.
 
 Be sure to update :any:`jedi` to the latest stable version or to try the
 current development version to get better completions.
 """
 
 
 # Copyright (c) IPython Development Team.
 # Distributed under the terms of the Modified BSD License.
 #
 # Some of this code originated from rlcompleter in the Python standard library
 # Copyright (C) 2001 Python Software Foundation, www.python.org
 
 
 import __main__
 import builtins as builtin_mod
 import glob
 import time
 import inspect
 import itertools
 import keyword
 import os
 import re
 import sys
 import unicodedata
 import string
 import warnings
 
 from contextlib import contextmanager
 from importlib import import_module
 from typing import Iterator, List, Tuple, Iterable, Union
 from types import SimpleNamespace
 
 from traitlets.config.configurable import Configurable
 from IPython.core.error import TryNext
 from IPython.core.inputsplitter import ESC_MAGIC
 from IPython.core.latex_symbols import latex_symbols, reverse_latex_symbol
 from IPython.core.oinspect import InspectColors
 from IPython.utils import generics
 from IPython.utils.dir2 import dir2, get_real_method
 from IPython.utils.process import arg_split
 from traitlets import Bool, Enum, observe, Int
 
 # skip module docstests
 skip_doctest = True
 
 try:
     import jedi
     import jedi.api.helpers
     import jedi.api.classes
     JEDI_INSTALLED = True
 except ImportError:
     JEDI_INSTALLED = False
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Globals
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 # Public API
 __all__ = ['Completer','IPCompleter']
 
 if sys.platform == 'win32':
     PROTECTABLES = ' '
 else:
     PROTECTABLES = ' ()[]{}?=\\|;:\'#*"^&'
 
 
 _deprecation_readline_sentinel = object()
 
 
 class ProvisionalCompleterWarning(FutureWarning):
     """
     Exception raise by an experimental feature in this module.
 
     Wrap code in :any:`provisionalcompleter` context manager if you
     are certain you want to use an unstable feature.
     """
     pass
 
 warnings.filterwarnings('error', category=ProvisionalCompleterWarning)
 
 @contextmanager
 def provisionalcompleter(action='ignore'):
     """
 
 
     This contest manager has to be used in any place where unstable completer
     behavior and API may be called.
 
     >>> with provisionalcompleter():
     ...     completer.do_experimetal_things() # works
 
     >>> completer.do_experimental_things() # raises.
 
     .. note:: Unstable
 
         By using this context manager you agree that the API in use may change
         without warning, and that you won't complain if they do so.
 
         You also understand that if the API is not to you liking you should report
         a bug to explain your use case upstream and improve the API and will loose
         credibility if you complain after the API is make stable.
 
         We'll be happy to get your feedback , feature request and improvement on
         any of the unstable APIs !
     """
     with warnings.catch_warnings():
         warnings.filterwarnings(action, category=ProvisionalCompleterWarning)
         yield
 
 
 def has_open_quotes(s):
     """Return whether a string has open quotes.
 
     This simply counts whether the number of quote characters of either type in
     the string is odd.
 
     Returns
     -------
     If there is an open quote, the quote character is returned.  Else, return
     False.
     """
     # We check " first, then ', so complex cases with nested quotes will get
     # the " to take precedence.
     if s.count('"') % 2:
         return '"'
     elif s.count("'") % 2:
         return "'"
     else:
         return False
 
 
 def protect_filename(s, protectables=PROTECTABLES):
     """Escape a string to protect certain characters."""
     if set(s) & set(protectables):
         if sys.platform == "win32":
             return '"' + s + '"'
         else:
             return "".join(("\\" + c if c in protectables else c) for c in s)
     else:
         return s
 
 
 def expand_user(path:str) -> Tuple[str, bool, str]:
     """Expand ``~``-style usernames in strings.
 
     This is similar to :func:`os.path.expanduser`, but it computes and returns
     extra information that will be useful if the input was being used in
     computing completions, and you wish to return the completions with the
     original '~' instead of its expanded value.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
     path : str
       String to be expanded.  If no ~ is present, the output is the same as the
       input.
 
     Returns
     -------
     newpath : str
       Result of ~ expansion in the input path.
     tilde_expand : bool
       Whether any expansion was performed or not.
     tilde_val : str
       The value that ~ was replaced with.
     """
     # Default values
     tilde_expand = False
     tilde_val = ''
     newpath = path
 
     if path.startswith('~'):
         tilde_expand = True
         rest = len(path)-1
         newpath = os.path.expanduser(path)
         if rest:
             tilde_val = newpath[:-rest]
         else:
             tilde_val = newpath
 
     return newpath, tilde_expand, tilde_val
 
 
 def compress_user(path:str, tilde_expand:bool, tilde_val:str) -> str:
     """Does the opposite of expand_user, with its outputs.
     """
     if tilde_expand:
         return path.replace(tilde_val, '~')
     else:
         return path
 
 
 def completions_sorting_key(word):
     """key for sorting completions
 
     This does several things:
 
     - Demote any completions starting with underscores to the end
     - Insert any %magic and %%cellmagic completions in the alphabetical order
       by their name
     """
     prio1, prio2 = 0, 0
 
     if word.startswith('__'):
         prio1 = 2
     elif word.startswith('_'):
         prio1 = 1
 
     if word.endswith('='):
         prio1 = -1
 
     if word.startswith('%%'):
         # If there's another % in there, this is something else, so leave it alone
         if not "%" in word[2:]:
             word = word[2:]
             prio2 = 2
     elif word.startswith('%'):
         if not "%" in word[1:]:
             word = word[1:]
             prio2 = 1
 
     return prio1, word, prio2
 
 
 class _FakeJediCompletion:
     """
     This is a workaround to communicate to the UI that Jedi has crashed and to
     report a bug. Will be used only id :any:`IPCompleter.debug` is set to true.
 
     Added in IPython 6.0 so should likely be removed for 7.0
 
     """
 
     def __init__(self, name):
 
         self.name = name
         self.complete = name
         self.type = 'crashed'
         self.name_with_symbols = name
         self.signature = ''
         self._origin = 'fake'
 
     def __repr__(self):
         return '<Fake completion object jedi has crashed>'
 
 
 class Completion:
     """
     Completion object used and return by IPython completers.
 
     .. warning:: Unstable
         
         This function is unstable, API may change without warning.
         It will also raise unless use in proper context manager.
 
     This act as a middle ground :any:`Completion` object between the
     :any:`jedi.api.classes.Completion` object and the Prompt Toolkit completion
     object. While Jedi need a lot of information about evaluator and how the
     code should be ran/inspected, PromptToolkit (and other frontend) mostly
     need user facing information.
 
     - Which range should be replaced replaced by what.
     - Some metadata (like completion type), or meta informations to displayed to
       the use user.
 
     For debugging purpose we can also store the origin of the completion (``jedi``,
     ``IPython.python_matches``, ``IPython.magics_matches``...).
     """
 
     __slots__ = ['start', 'end', 'text', 'type', 'signature', '_origin']
 
     def __init__(self, start: int, end: int, text: str, *, type: str=None, _origin='', signature='') -> None:
         warnings.warn("``Completion`` is a provisional API (as of IPython 6.0). "
                       "It may change without warnings. "
                       "Use in corresponding context manager.",
                       category=ProvisionalCompleterWarning, stacklevel=2)
 
         self.start = start
         self.end = end
         self.text = text
         self.type = type
         self.signature = signature
         self._origin = _origin
 
     def __repr__(self):
         return '<Completion start=%s end=%s text=%r type=%r, signature=%r,>' % \
                 (self.start, self.end, self.text, self.type or '?', self.signature or '?')
 
     def __eq__(self, other)->Bool:
         """
         Equality and hash do not hash the type (as some completer may not be
         able to infer the type), but are use to (partially) de-duplicate
         completion.
 
         Completely de-duplicating completion is a bit tricker that just
         comparing as it depends on surrounding text, which Completions are not
         aware of.
         """
         return self.start == other.start and \
             self.end == other.end and \
             self.text == other.text
 
     def __hash__(self):
         return hash((self.start, self.end, self.text))
 
 
 _IC = Iterable[Completion]
 
 
 def _deduplicate_completions(text: str, completions: _IC)-> _IC:
     """
     Deduplicate a set of completions.
 
     .. warning:: Unstable
 
         This function is unstable, API may change without warning.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
     text: str
         text that should be completed.
     completions: Iterator[Completion]
         iterator over the completions to deduplicate
 
     Yields
     ------
     `Completions` objects
 
 
     Completions coming from multiple sources, may be different but end up having
     the same effect when applied to ``text``. If this is the case, this will
     consider completions as equal and only emit the first encountered.
 
     Not folded in `completions()` yet for debugging purpose, and to detect when
     the IPython completer does return things that Jedi does not, but should be
     at some point.
     """
     completions = list(completions)
     if not completions:
         return
 
     new_start = min(c.start for c in completions)
     new_end = max(c.end for c in completions)
 
     seen = set()
     for c in completions:
         new_text = text[new_start:c.start] + c.text + text[c.end:new_end]
         if new_text not in seen:
             yield c
             seen.add(new_text)
 
 
 def rectify_completions(text: str, completions: _IC, *, _debug=False)->_IC:
     """
     Rectify a set of completions to all have the same ``start`` and ``end``
 
     .. warning:: Unstable
 
         This function is unstable, API may change without warning.
         It will also raise unless use in proper context manager.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
     text: str
         text that should be completed.
     completions: Iterator[Completion]
         iterator over the completions to rectify
 
 
     :any:`jedi.api.classes.Completion` s returned by Jedi may not have the same start and end, though
     the Jupyter Protocol requires them to behave like so. This will readjust
     the completion to have the same ``start`` and ``end`` by padding both
     extremities with surrounding text.
 
     During stabilisation should support a ``_debug`` option to log which
     completion are return by the IPython completer and not found in Jedi in
     order to make upstream bug report.
     """
     warnings.warn("`rectify_completions` is a provisional API (as of IPython 6.0). "
                  "It may change without warnings. "
                  "Use in corresponding context manager.",
                   category=ProvisionalCompleterWarning, stacklevel=2)
 
     completions = list(completions)
     if not completions:
         return
     starts = (c.start for c in completions)
     ends = (c.end for c in completions)
 
     new_start = min(starts)
     new_end = max(ends)
 
     seen_jedi = set()
     seen_python_matches = set()
     for c in completions:
         new_text = text[new_start:c.start] + c.text + text[c.end:new_end]
         if c._origin == 'jedi':
             seen_jedi.add(new_text)
         elif c._origin == 'IPCompleter.python_matches':
             seen_python_matches.add(new_text)
         yield Completion(new_start, new_end, new_text, type=c.type, _origin=c._origin, signature=c.signature)
     diff = seen_python_matches.difference(seen_jedi)
     if diff and _debug:
         print('IPython.python matches have extras:', diff)
 
 
 if sys.platform == 'win32':
     DELIMS = ' \t\n`!@#$^&*()=+[{]}|;\'",<>?'
 else:
     DELIMS = ' \t\n`!@#$^&*()=+[{]}\\|;:\'",<>?'
 
 GREEDY_DELIMS = ' =\r\n'
 
 
 class CompletionSplitter(object):
     """An object to split an input line in a manner similar to readline.
 
     By having our own implementation, we can expose readline-like completion in
     a uniform manner to all frontends.  This object only needs to be given the
     line of text to be split and the cursor position on said line, and it
     returns the 'word' to be completed on at the cursor after splitting the
     entire line.
 
     What characters are used as splitting delimiters can be controlled by
     setting the ``delims`` attribute (this is a property that internally
     automatically builds the necessary regular expression)"""
 
     # Private interface
 
     # A string of delimiter characters.  The default value makes sense for
     # IPython's most typical usage patterns.
     _delims = DELIMS
 
     # The expression (a normal string) to be compiled into a regular expression
     # for actual splitting.  We store it as an attribute mostly for ease of
     # debugging, since this type of code can be so tricky to debug.
     _delim_expr = None
 
     # The regular expression that does the actual splitting
     _delim_re = None
 
     def __init__(self, delims=None):
         delims = CompletionSplitter._delims if delims is None else delims
         self.delims = delims
 
     @property
     def delims(self):
         """Return the string of delimiter characters."""
         return self._delims
 
     @delims.setter
     def delims(self, delims):
         """Set the delimiters for line splitting."""
         expr = '[' + ''.join('\\'+ c for c in delims) + ']'
         self._delim_re = re.compile(expr)
         self._delims = delims
         self._delim_expr = expr
 
     def split_line(self, line, cursor_pos=None):
         """Split a line of text with a cursor at the given position.
         """
         l = line if cursor_pos is None else line[:cursor_pos]
         return self._delim_re.split(l)[-1]
 
 
 
 class Completer(Configurable):
 
     greedy = Bool(False,
         help="""Activate greedy completion
         PENDING DEPRECTION. this is now mostly taken care of with Jedi.
 
         This will enable completion on elements of lists, results of function calls, etc.,
         but can be unsafe because the code is actually evaluated on TAB.
         """
     ).tag(config=True)
 
     use_jedi = Bool(default_value=JEDI_INSTALLED,
                     help="Experimental: Use Jedi to generate autocompletions. "
                     "Default to True if jedi is installed").tag(config=True)
 
     jedi_compute_type_timeout = Int(default_value=400,
         help="""Experimental: restrict time (in milliseconds) during which Jedi can compute types.
         Set to 0 to stop computing types. Non-zero value lower than 100ms may hurt
         performance by preventing jedi to build its cache.
         """).tag(config=True)
 
     debug = Bool(default_value=False,
                  help='Enable debug for the Completer. Mostly print extra '
                       'information for experimental jedi integration.')\
                       .tag(config=True)
 
     backslash_combining_completions = Bool(True, 
         help="Enable unicode completions, e.g. \\alpha<tab> . "
              "Includes completion of latex commands, unicode names, and expanding "
              "unicode characters back to latex commands.").tag(config=True)
 
 
 
     def __init__(self, namespace=None, global_namespace=None, **kwargs):
         """Create a new completer for the command line.
 
         Completer(namespace=ns, global_namespace=ns2) -> completer instance.
 
         If unspecified, the default namespace where completions are performed
         is __main__ (technically, __main__.__dict__). Namespaces should be
         given as dictionaries.
 
         An optional second namespace can be given.  This allows the completer
         to handle cases where both the local and global scopes need to be
         distinguished.
         """
 
         # Don't bind to namespace quite yet, but flag whether the user wants a
         # specific namespace or to use __main__.__dict__. This will allow us
         # to bind to __main__.__dict__ at completion time, not now.
         if namespace is None:
             self.use_main_ns = True
         else:
             self.use_main_ns = False
             self.namespace = namespace
 
         # The global namespace, if given, can be bound directly
         if global_namespace is None:
             self.global_namespace = {}
         else:
             self.global_namespace = global_namespace
 
         super(Completer, self).__init__(**kwargs)
 
     def complete(self, text, state):
         """Return the next possible completion for 'text'.
 
         This is called successively with state == 0, 1, 2, ... until it
         returns None.  The completion should begin with 'text'.
 
         """
         if self.use_main_ns:
             self.namespace = __main__.__dict__
 
         if state == 0:
             if "." in text:
                 self.matches = self.attr_matches(text)
             else:
                 self.matches = self.global_matches(text)
         try:
             return self.matches[state]
         except IndexError:
             return None
 
     def global_matches(self, text):
         """Compute matches when text is a simple name.
 
         Return a list of all keywords, built-in functions and names currently
         defined in self.namespace or self.global_namespace that match.
 
         """
         matches = []
         match_append = matches.append
         n = len(text)
         for lst in [keyword.kwlist,
                     builtin_mod.__dict__.keys(),
                     self.namespace.keys(),
                     self.global_namespace.keys()]:
             for word in lst:
                 if word[:n] == text and word != "__builtins__":
                     match_append(word)
 
         snake_case_re = re.compile(r"[^_]+(_[^_]+)+?\Z")
         for lst in [self.namespace.keys(),
                     self.global_namespace.keys()]:
             shortened = {"_".join([sub[0] for sub in word.split('_')]) : word
                          for word in lst if snake_case_re.match(word)}
             for word in shortened.keys():
                 if word[:n] == text and word != "__builtins__":
                     match_append(shortened[word])
         return matches
 
     def attr_matches(self, text):
         """Compute matches when text contains a dot.
 
         Assuming the text is of the form NAME.NAME....[NAME], and is
         evaluatable in self.namespace or self.global_namespace, it will be
         evaluated and its attributes (as revealed by dir()) are used as
         possible completions.  (For class instances, class members are are
         also considered.)
 
         WARNING: this can still invoke arbitrary C code, if an object
         with a __getattr__ hook is evaluated.
 
         """
 
         # Another option, seems to work great. Catches things like ''.<tab>
         m = re.match(r"(\S+(\.\w+)*)\.(\w*)$", text)
     
         if m:
             expr, attr = m.group(1, 3)
         elif self.greedy:
             m2 = re.match(r"(.+)\.(\w*)$", self.line_buffer)
             if not m2:
                 return []
             expr, attr = m2.group(1,2)
         else:
             return []
     
         try:
             obj = eval(expr, self.namespace)
         except:
             try:
                 obj = eval(expr, self.global_namespace)
             except:
                 return []
 
         if self.limit_to__all__ and hasattr(obj, '__all__'):
             words = get__all__entries(obj)
         else:
             words = dir2(obj)
 
         try:
             words = generics.complete_object(obj, words)
         except TryNext:
             pass
         except AssertionError:
             raise
         except Exception:
             # Silence errors from completion function
             #raise # dbg
             pass
         # Build match list to return
         n = len(attr)
         return [u"%s.%s" % (expr, w) for w in words if w[:n] == attr ]
 
 
 def get__all__entries(obj):
     """returns the strings in the __all__ attribute"""
     try:
         words = getattr(obj, '__all__')
     except:
         return []
  
     return [w for w in words if isinstance(w, str)]
 
 
 def match_dict_keys(keys: List[str], prefix: str, delims: str):
     """Used by dict_key_matches, matching the prefix to a list of keys
 
     Parameters
     ==========
     keys:
         list of keys in dictionary currently being completed.
     prefix:
         Part of the text already typed by the user. e.g. `mydict[b'fo`
     delims:
         String of delimiters to consider when finding the current key.
 
     Returns
     =======
 
     A tuple of three elements: ``quote``, ``token_start``, ``matched``, with
     ``quote`` being the quote that need to be used to close current string.
     ``token_start`` the position where the replacement should start occurring,
     ``matches`` a list of replacement/completion
 
     """
     if not prefix:
         return None, 0, [repr(k) for k in keys
                       if isinstance(k, (str, bytes))]
     quote_match = re.search('["\']', prefix)
     quote = quote_match.group()
     try:
         prefix_str = eval(prefix + quote, {})
     except Exception:
         return None, 0, []
 
     pattern = '[^' + ''.join('\\' + c for c in delims) + ']*$'
     token_match = re.search(pattern, prefix, re.UNICODE)
     token_start = token_match.start()
     token_prefix = token_match.group()
 
     matched = []
     for key in keys:
         try:
             if not key.startswith(prefix_str):
                 continue
         except (AttributeError, TypeError, UnicodeError):
             # Python 3+ TypeError on b'a'.startswith('a') or vice-versa
             continue
 
         # reformat remainder of key to begin with prefix
         rem = key[len(prefix_str):]
         # force repr wrapped in '
         rem_repr = repr(rem + '"') if isinstance(rem, str) else repr(rem + b'"')
         if rem_repr.startswith('u') and prefix[0] not in 'uU':
             # Found key is unicode, but prefix is Py2 string.
             # Therefore attempt to interpret key as string.
             try:
                 rem_repr = repr(rem.encode('ascii') + '"')
             except UnicodeEncodeError:
                 continue
 
         rem_repr = rem_repr[1 + rem_repr.index("'"):-2]
         if quote == '"':
             # The entered prefix is quoted with ",
             # but the match is quoted with '.
             # A contained " hence needs escaping for comparison:
             rem_repr = rem_repr.replace('"', '\\"')
 
         # then reinsert prefix from start of token
         matched.append('%s%s' % (token_prefix, rem_repr))
     return quote, token_start, matched
 
 
 def cursor_to_position(text:str, line:int, column:int)->int:
     """
 
     Convert the (line,column) position of the cursor in text to an offset in a
     string.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
 
     text : str
         The text in which to calculate the cursor offset
     line : int
         Line of the cursor; 0-indexed
     column : int
         Column of the cursor 0-indexed
 
     Return
     ------
         Position of the cursor in ``text``, 0-indexed.
 
     See Also
     --------
     position_to_cursor: reciprocal of this function
 
     """
     lines = text.split('\n')
     assert line <= len(lines), '{} <= {}'.format(str(line), str(len(lines)))
 
     return sum(len(l) + 1 for l in lines[:line]) + column
 
 def position_to_cursor(text:str, offset:int)->Tuple[int, int]:
     """
     Convert the position of the cursor in text (0 indexed) to a line
     number(0-indexed) and a column number (0-indexed) pair
 
     Position should be a valid position in ``text``.
 
     Parameters
     ----------
 
     text : str
         The text in which to calculate the cursor offset
     offset : int
         Position of the cursor in ``text``, 0-indexed.
 
     Return
     ------
     (line, column) : (int, int)
         Line of the cursor; 0-indexed, column of the cursor 0-indexed
 
 
     See Also
     --------
     cursor_to_position : reciprocal of this function
 
 
     """
 
     assert 0 < offset <= len(text) , "0 < %s <= %s" % (offset , len(text))
 
     before = text[:offset]
     blines = before.split('\n')  # ! splitnes trim trailing \n
     line = before.count('\n')
     col = len(blines[-1])
     return line, col
 
 
 def _safe_isinstance(obj, module, class_name):
     """Checks if obj is an instance of module.class_name if loaded
     """
     return (module in sys.modules and
             isinstance(obj, getattr(import_module(module), class_name)))
 
 
 def back_unicode_name_matches(text):
     u"""Match unicode characters back to unicode name
     
     This does  ``☃`` -> ``\\snowman``
 
     Note that snowman is not a valid python3 combining character but will be expanded.
     Though it will not recombine back to the snowman character by the completion machinery.
 
     This will not either back-complete standard sequences like \\n, \\b ...
     
     Used on Python 3 only.
     """
     if len(text)<2:
         return u'', ()
     maybe_slash = text[-2]
     if maybe_slash != '\\':
         return u'', ()
 
     char = text[-1]
     # no expand on quote for completion in strings.
     # nor backcomplete standard ascii keys
     if char in string.ascii_letters or char in ['"',"'"]:
         return u'', ()
     try :
         unic = unicodedata.name(char)
         return '\\'+char,['\\'+unic]
     except KeyError:
         pass
     return u'', ()
 
 def back_latex_name_matches(text:str):
     """Match latex characters back to unicode name
     
     This does ``\\ℵ`` -> ``\\aleph``
 
     Used on Python 3 only.
     """
     if len(text)<2:
         return u'', ()
     maybe_slash = text[-2]
     if maybe_slash != '\\':
         return u'', ()
 
 
     char = text[-1]
     # no expand on quote for completion in strings.
     # nor backcomplete standard ascii keys
     if char in string.ascii_letters or char in ['"',"'"]:
         return u'', ()
     try :
         latex = reverse_latex_symbol[char]
         # '\\' replace the \ as well
         return '\\'+char,[latex]
     except KeyError:
         pass
     return u'', ()
 
 
 def _formatparamchildren(parameter) -> str:
     """
     Get parameter name and value from Jedi Private API
 
     Jedi does not expose a simple way to get `param=value` from its API.
 
     Prameter
     ========
 
     parameter:
         Jedi's function `Param`
 
     Returns
     =======
 
     A string like 'a', 'b=1', '*args', '**kwargs'
 
 
     """
     description = parameter.description
     if not description.startswith('param '):
         raise ValueError('Jedi function parameter description have change format.'
                          'Expected "param ...", found %r".' % description)
     return description[6:]
 
 def _make_signature(completion)-> str:
     """
     Make the signature from a jedi completion
 
     Parameter
     =========
 
     completion: jedi.Completion
         object does not complete a function type
 
     Returns
     =======
 
     a string consisting of the function signature, with the parenthesis but
     without the function name. example:
     `(a, *args, b=1, **kwargs)`
 
     """
 
     return '(%s)'% ', '.join([f for f in (_formatparamchildren(p) for p in completion.params) if f])
 
 class IPCompleter(Completer):
     """Extension of the completer class with IPython-specific features"""
     
     @observe('greedy')
     def _greedy_changed(self, change):
         """update the splitter and readline delims when greedy is changed"""
         if change['new']:
             self.splitter.delims = GREEDY_DELIMS
         else:
             self.splitter.delims = DELIMS
     
     merge_completions = Bool(True,
         help="""Whether to merge completion results into a single list
         
         If False, only the completion results from the first non-empty
         completer will be returned.
         """
     ).tag(config=True)
     omit__names = Enum((0,1,2), default_value=2,
         help="""Instruct the completer to omit private method names
         
         Specifically, when completing on ``object.<tab>``.
         
         When 2 [default]: all names that start with '_' will be excluded.
         
         When 1: all 'magic' names (``__foo__``) will be excluded.
         
         When 0: nothing will be excluded.
         """
     ).tag(config=True)
     limit_to__all__ = Bool(False,
         help="""
         DEPRECATED as of version 5.0.
         
         Instruct the completer to use __all__ for the completion
         
         Specifically, when completing on ``object.<tab>``.
         
         When True: only those names in obj.__all__ will be included.
         
         When False [default]: the __all__ attribute is ignored
         """,
     ).tag(config=True)
 
     @observe('limit_to__all__')
     def _limit_to_all_changed(self, change):
         warnings.warn('`IPython.core.IPCompleter.limit_to__all__` configuration '
             'value has been deprecated since IPython 5.0, will be made to have '
             'no effects and then removed in future version of IPython.',
             UserWarning)
 
     def __init__(self, shell=None, namespace=None, global_namespace=None,
                  use_readline=_deprecation_readline_sentinel, config=None, **kwargs):
         """IPCompleter() -> completer
 
         Return a completer object.
 
         Parameters
         ----------
 
         shell
             a pointer to the ipython shell itself.  This is needed
             because this completer knows about magic functions, and those can
             only be accessed via the ipython instance.
 
         namespace : dict, optional
             an optional dict where completions are performed.
 
         global_namespace : dict, optional
             secondary optional dict for completions, to
             handle cases (such as IPython embedded inside functions) where
             both Python scopes are visible.
        
         use_readline : bool, optional
             DEPRECATED, ignored since IPython 6.0, will have no effects
         """
 
         self.magic_escape = ESC_MAGIC
         self.splitter = CompletionSplitter()
 
         if use_readline is not _deprecation_readline_sentinel:
             warnings.warn('The `use_readline` parameter is deprecated and ignored since IPython 6.0.',
                           DeprecationWarning, stacklevel=2)
 
         # _greedy_changed() depends on splitter and readline being defined:
         Completer.__init__(self, namespace=namespace, global_namespace=global_namespace,
                             config=config, **kwargs)
 
         # List where completion matches will be stored
         self.matches = []
         self.shell = shell
         # Regexp to split filenames with spaces in them
         self.space_name_re = re.compile(r'([^\\] )')
         # Hold a local ref. to glob.glob for speed
         self.glob = glob.glob
 
         # Determine if we are running on 'dumb' terminals, like (X)Emacs
         # buffers, to avoid completion problems.
         term = os.environ.get('TERM','xterm')
         self.dumb_terminal = term in ['dumb','emacs']
 
         # Special handling of backslashes needed in win32 platforms
         if sys.platform == "win32":
             self.clean_glob = self._clean_glob_win32
         else:
             self.clean_glob = self._clean_glob
 
         #regexp to parse docstring for function signature
         self.docstring_sig_re = re.compile(r'^[\w|\s.]+\(([^)]*)\).*')
         self.docstring_kwd_re = re.compile(r'[\s|\[]*(\w+)(?:\s*=\s*.*)')
         #use this if positional argument name is also needed
         #= re.compile(r'[\s|\[]*(\w+)(?:\s*=?\s*.*)')
 
         # All active matcher routines for completion
         self.matchers = [
                          self.python_matches,
                          self.file_matches,
                          self.magic_matches,
                          self.python_func_kw_matches,
                          self.dict_key_matches,
                          ]
         self.magic_arg_matchers = [
             self.magic_config_matches,
             self.magic_color_matches,
         ]
 
         # This is set externally by InteractiveShell
         self.custom_completers = None
 
     def all_completions(self, text):
         """
         Wrapper around the complete method for the benefit of emacs.
         """
         return self.complete(text)[1]
 
     def _clean_glob(self, text):
         return self.glob("%s*" % text)
 
     def _clean_glob_win32(self,text):
         return [f.replace("\\","/")
                 for f in self.glob("%s*" % text)]
 
     def file_matches(self, text):
         """Match filenames, expanding ~USER type strings.
 
         Most of the seemingly convoluted logic in this completer is an
         attempt to handle filenames with spaces in them.  And yet it's not
         quite perfect, because Python's readline doesn't expose all of the
         GNU readline details needed for this to be done correctly.
 
         For a filename with a space in it, the printed completions will be
         only the parts after what's already been typed (instead of the
         full completions, as is normally done).  I don't think with the
         current (as of Python 2.3) Python readline it's possible to do
         better."""
 
         # chars that require escaping with backslash - i.e. chars
         # that readline treats incorrectly as delimiters, but we
         # don't want to treat as delimiters in filename matching
         # when escaped with backslash
         if text.startswith('!'):
             text = text[1:]
             text_prefix = u'!'
         else:
             text_prefix = u''
 
         text_until_cursor = self.text_until_cursor
         # track strings with open quotes
         open_quotes = has_open_quotes(text_until_cursor)
 
         if '(' in text_until_cursor or '[' in text_until_cursor:
             lsplit = text
         else:
             try:
                 # arg_split ~ shlex.split, but with unicode bugs fixed by us
                 lsplit = arg_split(text_until_cursor)[-1]
             except ValueError:
                 # typically an unmatched ", or backslash without escaped char.
                 if open_quotes:
                     lsplit = text_until_cursor.split(open_quotes)[-1]
                 else:
                     return []
             except IndexError:
                 # tab pressed on empty line
                 lsplit = ""
 
         if not open_quotes and lsplit != protect_filename(lsplit):
             # if protectables are found, do matching on the whole escaped name
             has_protectables = True
             text0,text = text,lsplit
         else:
             has_protectables = False
             text = os.path.expanduser(text)
 
         if text == "":
             return [text_prefix + protect_filename(f) for f in self.glob("*")]
 
         # Compute the matches from the filesystem
         if sys.platform == 'win32':
             m0 = self.clean_glob(text)
         else:
             m0 = self.clean_glob(text.replace('\\', ''))
 
         if has_protectables:
             # If we had protectables, we need to revert our changes to the
             # beginning of filename so that we don't double-write the part
             # of the filename we have so far
             len_lsplit = len(lsplit)
             matches = [text_prefix + text0 +
                        protect_filename(f[len_lsplit:]) for f in m0]
         else:
             if open_quotes:
                 # if we have a string with an open quote, we don't need to
                 # protect the names beyond the quote (and we _shouldn't_, as
                 # it would cause bugs when the filesystem call is made).
                 matches = m0 if sys.platform == "win32" else\
                     [protect_filename(f, open_quotes) for f in m0]
             else:
                 matches = [text_prefix +
                            protect_filename(f) for f in m0]
 
         # Mark directories in input list by appending '/' to their names.
         return [x+'/' if os.path.isdir(x) else x for x in matches]
 
     def magic_matches(self, text):
         """Match magics"""
         # Get all shell magics now rather than statically, so magics loaded at
         # runtime show up too.
         lsm = self.shell.magics_manager.lsmagic()
         line_magics = lsm['line']
         cell_magics = lsm['cell']
         pre = self.magic_escape
         pre2 = pre+pre
         
         # Completion logic:
         # - user gives %%: only do cell magics
         # - user gives %: do both line and cell magics
         # - no prefix: do both
         # In other words, line magics are skipped if the user gives %% explicitly
         #
         # We also exclude magics that match any currently visible names:
         # https://github.com/ipython/ipython/issues/4877
         bare_text = text.lstrip(pre)
         global_matches = self.global_matches(bare_text)
         matches = lambda magic: magic.startswith(bare_text) \
                                 and magic not in global_matches
         comp = [ pre2+m for m in cell_magics if matches(m)]
         if not text.startswith(pre2):
             comp += [ pre+m for m in line_magics if matches(m)]
 
         return comp
 
     def magic_config_matches(self, text:str) -> List[str]:
         """ Match class names and attributes for %config magic """
         texts = text.strip().split()
 
         if len(texts) > 0 and (texts[0] == 'config' or texts[0] == '%config'):
             # get all configuration classes
             classes = sorted(set([ c for c in self.shell.configurables
                                    if c.__class__.class_traits(config=True)
                                    ]), key=lambda x: x.__class__.__name__)
             classnames = [ c.__class__.__name__ for c in classes ]
 
             # return all classnames if config or %config is given
             if len(texts) == 1:
                 return classnames
 
             # match classname
             classname_texts = texts[1].split('.')
             classname = classname_texts[0]
             classname_matches = [ c for c in classnames
                                   if c.startswith(classname) ]
 
             # return matched classes or the matched class with attributes
             if texts[1].find('.') < 0:
                 return classname_matches
             elif len(classname_matches) == 1 and \
                             classname_matches[0] == classname:
                 cls = classes[classnames.index(classname)].__class__
                 help = cls.class_get_help()
                 # strip leading '--' from cl-args:
                 help = re.sub(re.compile(r'^--', re.MULTILINE), '', help)
                 return [ attr.split('=')[0]
                          for attr in help.strip().splitlines()
                          if attr.startswith(texts[1]) ]
         return []
 
     def magic_color_matches(self, text:str) -> List[str] :
         """ Match color schemes for %colors magic"""
         texts = text.strip().split()
 
         if len(texts) > 0 and (texts[0] == 'colors' or texts[0] == '%colors'):
             prefix = texts[1] if len(texts) > 1 else ''
             return [ color for color in InspectColors.keys()
                      if color.startswith(prefix) ]
         return []
 
     def _jedi_matches(self, cursor_column:int, cursor_line:int, text:str):
         """
 
         Return a list of :any:`jedi.api.Completions` object from a ``text`` and
         cursor position.
 
         Parameters
         ----------
         cursor_column : int
             column position of the cursor in ``text``, 0-indexed.
         cursor_line : int
             line position of the cursor in ``text``, 0-indexed
         text : str
             text to complete
 
         Debugging
         ---------
 
         If ``IPCompleter.debug`` is ``True`` may return a :any:`_FakeJediCompletion`
         object containing a string with the Jedi debug information attached.
         """
         namespaces = [self.namespace]
         if self.global_namespace is not None:
             namespaces.append(self.global_namespace)
 
         completion_filter = lambda x:x
         # cursor_pos is an it, jedi wants line and column
         offset = cursor_to_position(text, cursor_line, cursor_column)
         # filter output if we are completing for object members
         if offset:
             pre = text[offset-1]
             if pre == '.':
                 if self.omit__names == 2:
                     completion_filter = lambda c:not c.name.startswith('_')
                 elif self.omit__names == 1:
                     completion_filter = lambda c:not (c.name.startswith('__') and c.name.endswith('__'))
                 elif self.omit__names == 0:
                     completion_filter = lambda x:x
                 else:
                     raise ValueError("Don't understand self.omit__names == {}".format(self.omit__names))
 
         interpreter = jedi.Interpreter(
             text, namespaces, column=cursor_column, line=cursor_line + 1)
 
         try_jedi = False
 
         try:
             # should we check the type of the node is Error ?
             from jedi.parser.tree import ErrorLeaf
             next_to_last_tree = interpreter._get_module().tree_node.children[-2]
             completing_string = False
             if isinstance(next_to_last_tree, ErrorLeaf):
                 completing_string = interpreter._get_module().tree_node.children[-2].value[0] in {'"', "'"}
             # if we are in a string jedi is likely not the right candidate for
             # now. Skip it.
             try_jedi = not completing_string
         except Exception as e:
             # many of things can go wrong, we are using private API just don't crash.
             if self.debug:
                 print("Error detecting if completing a non-finished string :", e, '|')
 
         if not try_jedi:
             return []
         try:
             return filter(completion_filter, interpreter.completions())
         except Exception as e:
             if self.debug:
                 return [_FakeJediCompletion('Oops Jedi has crashed, please report a bug with the following:\n"""\n%s\ns"""' % (e))]
             else:
                 return []
 
     def python_matches(self, text):
         """Match attributes or global python names"""
         if "." in text:
             try:
                 matches = self.attr_matches(text)
                 if text.endswith('.') and self.omit__names:
                     if self.omit__names == 1:
                         # true if txt is _not_ a __ name, false otherwise:
                         no__name = (lambda txt:
                                     re.match(r'.*\.__.*?__',txt) is None)
                     else:
                         # true if txt is _not_ a _ name, false otherwise:
                         no__name = (lambda txt:
                                     re.match(r'\._.*?',txt[txt.rindex('.'):]) is None)
                     matches = filter(no__name, matches)
             except NameError:
                 # catches <undefined attributes>.<tab>
                 matches = []
         else:
             matches = self.global_matches(text)
         return matches
 
     def _default_arguments_from_docstring(self, doc):
         """Parse the first line of docstring for call signature.
 
         Docstring should be of the form 'min(iterable[, key=func])\n'.
         It can also parse cython docstring of the form
         'Minuit.migrad(self, int ncall=10000, resume=True, int nsplit=1)'.
         """
         if doc is None:
             return []
 
         #care only the firstline
         line = doc.lstrip().splitlines()[0]
 
         #p = re.compile(r'^[\w|\s.]+\(([^)]*)\).*')
         #'min(iterable[, key=func])\n' -> 'iterable[, key=func]'
         sig = self.docstring_sig_re.search(line)
         if sig is None:
             return []
         # iterable[, key=func]' -> ['iterable[' ,' key=func]']
         sig = sig.groups()[0].split(',')
         ret = []
         for s in sig:
             #re.compile(r'[\s|\[]*(\w+)(?:\s*=\s*.*)')
             ret += self.docstring_kwd_re.findall(s)
         return ret
 
     def _default_arguments(self, obj):
         """Return the list of default arguments of obj if it is callable,
         or empty list otherwise."""
         call_obj = obj
         ret = []
         if inspect.isbuiltin(obj):
             pass
         elif not (inspect.isfunction(obj) or inspect.ismethod(obj)):
             if inspect.isclass(obj):
-                #for cython embededsignature=True the constructor docstring
+                #for cython embeddedsignature=True the constructor docstring
                 #belongs to the object itself not __init__
                 ret += self._default_arguments_from_docstring(
                             getattr(obj, '__doc__', ''))
                 # for classes, check for __init__,__new__
                 call_obj = (getattr(obj, '__init__', None) or
                        getattr(obj, '__new__', None))
             # for all others, check if they are __call__able
             elif hasattr(obj, '__call__'):
                 call_obj = obj.__call__
         ret += self._default_arguments_from_docstring(
                  getattr(call_obj, '__doc__', ''))
 
         _keeps = (inspect.Parameter.KEYWORD_ONLY,
                   inspect.Parameter.POSITIONAL_OR_KEYWORD)
 
         try:
             sig = inspect.signature(call_obj)
             ret.extend(k for k, v in sig.parameters.items() if
                        v.kind in _keeps)
         except ValueError:
             pass
 
         return list(set(ret))
 
     def python_func_kw_matches(self,text):
         """Match named parameters (kwargs) of the last open function"""
 
         if "." in text: # a parameter cannot be dotted
             return []
         try: regexp = self.__funcParamsRegex
         except AttributeError:
             regexp = self.__funcParamsRegex = re.compile(r'''
                 '.*?(?<!\\)' |    # single quoted strings or
                 ".*?(?<!\\)" |    # double quoted strings or
                 \w+          |    # identifier
                 \S                # other characters
                 ''', re.VERBOSE | re.DOTALL)
         # 1. find the nearest identifier that comes before an unclosed
         # parenthesis before the cursor
         # e.g. for "foo (1+bar(x), pa<cursor>,a=1)", the candidate is "foo"
         tokens = regexp.findall(self.text_until_cursor)
         iterTokens = reversed(tokens); openPar = 0
 
         for token in iterTokens:
             if token == ')':
                 openPar -= 1
             elif token == '(':
                 openPar += 1
                 if openPar > 0:
                     # found the last unclosed parenthesis
                     break
         else:
             return []
         # 2. Concatenate dotted names ("foo.bar" for "foo.bar(x, pa" )
         ids = []
         isId = re.compile(r'\w+$').match
 
         while True:
             try:
                 ids.append(next(iterTokens))
                 if not isId(ids[-1]):
                     ids.pop(); break
                 if not next(iterTokens) == '.':
                     break
             except StopIteration:
                 break
 
         # Find all named arguments already assigned to, as to avoid suggesting
         # them again
         usedNamedArgs = set()
         par_level = -1
         for token, next_token in zip(tokens, tokens[1:]):
             if token == '(':
                 par_level += 1
             elif token == ')':
                 par_level -= 1
 
             if par_level != 0:
                 continue
 
             if next_token != '=':
                 continue
 
             usedNamedArgs.add(token)
 
         # lookup the candidate callable matches either using global_matches
         # or attr_matches for dotted names
         if len(ids) == 1:
             callableMatches = self.global_matches(ids[0])
         else:
             callableMatches = self.attr_matches('.'.join(ids[::-1]))
         argMatches = []
         for callableMatch in callableMatches:
             try:
                 namedArgs = self._default_arguments(eval(callableMatch,
                                                         self.namespace))
             except:
                 continue
 
             # Remove used named arguments from the list, no need to show twice
             for namedArg in set(namedArgs) - usedNamedArgs:
                 if namedArg.startswith(text):
                     argMatches.append(u"%s=" %namedArg)
         return argMatches
 
     def dict_key_matches(self, text):
         "Match string keys in a dictionary, after e.g. 'foo[' "
         def get_keys(obj):
             # Objects can define their own completions by defining an
             # _ipy_key_completions_() method.
             method = get_real_method(obj, '_ipython_key_completions_')
             if method is not None:
                 return method()
 
             # Special case some common in-memory dict-like types
             if isinstance(obj, dict) or\
                _safe_isinstance(obj, 'pandas', 'DataFrame'):
                 try:
                     return list(obj.keys())
                 except Exception:
                     return []
             elif _safe_isinstance(obj, 'numpy', 'ndarray') or\
                  _safe_isinstance(obj, 'numpy', 'void'):
                 return obj.dtype.names or []
             return []
 
         try:
             regexps = self.__dict_key_regexps
         except AttributeError:
             dict_key_re_fmt = r'''(?x)
             (  # match dict-referring expression wrt greedy setting
                 %s
             )
             \[   # open bracket
             \s*  # and optional whitespace
             ([uUbB]?  # string prefix (r not handled)
                 (?:   # unclosed string
                     '(?:[^']|(?<!\\)\\')*
                 |
                     "(?:[^"]|(?<!\\)\\")*
                 )
             )?
             $
             '''
             regexps = self.__dict_key_regexps = {
                 False: re.compile(dict_key_re_fmt % '''
                                   # identifiers separated by .
                                   (?!\d)\w+
                                   (?:\.(?!\d)\w+)*
                                   '''),
                 True: re.compile(dict_key_re_fmt % '''
                                  .+
                                  ''')
             }
 
         match = regexps[self.greedy].search(self.text_until_cursor)
         if match is None:
             return []
 
         expr, prefix = match.groups()
         try:
             obj = eval(expr, self.namespace)
         except Exception:
             try:
                 obj = eval(expr, self.global_namespace)
             except Exception:
                 return []
 
         keys = get_keys(obj)
         if not keys:
             return keys
         closing_quote, token_offset, matches = match_dict_keys(keys, prefix, self.splitter.delims)
         if not matches:
             return matches
         
         # get the cursor position of
         # - the text being completed
         # - the start of the key text
         # - the start of the completion
         text_start = len(self.text_until_cursor) - len(text)
         if prefix:
             key_start = match.start(2)
             completion_start = key_start + token_offset
         else:
             key_start = completion_start = match.end()
         
         # grab the leading prefix, to make sure all completions start with `text`
         if text_start > key_start:
             leading = ''
         else:
             leading = text[text_start:completion_start]
         
         # the index of the `[` character
         bracket_idx = match.end(1)
 
         # append closing quote and bracket as appropriate
         # this is *not* appropriate if the opening quote or bracket is outside
         # the text given to this method
         suf = ''
         continuation = self.line_buffer[len(self.text_until_cursor):]
         if key_start > text_start and closing_quote:
             # quotes were opened inside text, maybe close them
             if continuation.startswith(closing_quote):
                 continuation = continuation[len(closing_quote):]
             else:
                 suf += closing_quote
         if bracket_idx > text_start:
             # brackets were opened inside text, maybe close them
             if not continuation.startswith(']'):
                 suf += ']'
         
         return [leading + k + suf for k in matches]
 
     def unicode_name_matches(self, text):
         u"""Match Latex-like syntax for unicode characters base
         on the name of the character.
         
         This does  ``\\GREEK SMALL LETTER ETA`` -> ``η``
 
         Works only on valid python 3 identifier, or on combining characters that
         will combine to form a valid identifier.
         
         Used on Python 3 only.
         """
         slashpos = text.rfind('\\')
         if slashpos > -1:
             s = text[slashpos+1:]
             try :
                 unic = unicodedata.lookup(s)
                 # allow combining chars
                 if ('a'+unic).isidentifier():
                     return '\\'+s,[unic]
             except KeyError:
                 pass
         return u'', []
 
 
     def latex_matches(self, text):
         u"""Match Latex syntax for unicode characters.
         
         This does both ``\\alp`` -> ``\\alpha`` and ``\\alpha`` -> ``α``
 
         Used on Python 3 only.
         """
         slashpos = text.rfind('\\')
         if slashpos > -1:
             s = text[slashpos:]
             if s in latex_symbols:
                 # Try to complete a full latex symbol to unicode
                 # \\alpha -> α
                 return s, [latex_symbols[s]]
             else:
                 # If a user has partially typed a latex symbol, give them
                 # a full list of options \al -> [\aleph, \alpha]
                 matches = [k for k in latex_symbols if k.startswith(s)]
                 return s, matches
         return u'', []
 
     def dispatch_custom_completer(self, text):
         if not self.custom_completers:
             return
 
         line = self.line_buffer
         if not line.strip():
             return None
 
         # Create a little structure to pass all the relevant information about
         # the current completion to any custom completer.
         event = SimpleNamespace()
         event.line = line
         event.symbol = text
         cmd = line.split(None,1)[0]
         event.command = cmd
         event.text_until_cursor = self.text_until_cursor
 
         # for foo etc, try also to find completer for %foo
         if not cmd.startswith(self.magic_escape):
             try_magic = self.custom_completers.s_matches(
                 self.magic_escape + cmd)
         else:
             try_magic = []
 
         for c in itertools.chain(self.custom_completers.s_matches(cmd),
                  try_magic,
                  self.custom_completers.flat_matches(self.text_until_cursor)):
             try:
                 res = c(event)
                 if res:
                     # first, try case sensitive match
                     withcase = [r for r in res if r.startswith(text)]
                     if withcase:
                         return withcase
                     # if none, then case insensitive ones are ok too
                     text_low = text.lower()
                     return [r for r in res if r.lower().startswith(text_low)]
             except TryNext:
                 pass
 
         return None
 
     def completions(self, text: str, offset: int)->Iterator[Completion]:
         """
         Returns an iterator over the possible completions
 
         .. warning:: Unstable
             
             This function is unstable, API may change without warning.
             It will also raise unless use in proper context manager.
 
         Parameters
         ----------
         
         text:str
             Full text of the current input, multi line string.
         offset:int
             Integer representing the position of the cursor in ``text``. Offset
             is 0-based indexed.
 
         Yields
         ------
             :any:`Completion` object
 
 
         The cursor on a text can either be seen as being "in between"
         characters or "On" a character depending on the interface visible to
         the user. For consistency the cursor being on "in between" characters X
         and Y is equivalent to the cursor being "on" character Y, that is to say
         the character the cursor is on is considered as being after the cursor.
 
         Combining characters may span more that one position in the
         text.
 
 
         .. note::
 
             If ``IPCompleter.debug`` is :any:`True` will yield a ``--jedi/ipython--``
             fake Completion token to distinguish completion returned by Jedi
             and usual IPython completion.
 
         .. note::
             
             Completions are not completely deduplicated yet. If identical
             completions are coming from different sources this function does not
             ensure that each completion object will only be present once.
         """
         warnings.warn("_complete is a provisional API (as of IPython 6.0). "
                       "It may change without warnings. "
                       "Use in corresponding context manager.",
                       category=ProvisionalCompleterWarning, stacklevel=2)
 
         seen = set()
         for c in self._completions(text, offset, _timeout=self.jedi_compute_type_timeout/1000):
             if c and (c in seen):
                 continue
             yield c
             seen.add(c)
 
     def _completions(self, full_text: str, offset: int, *, _timeout)->Iterator[Completion]:
         """
         Core completion module.Same signature as :any:`completions`, with the
         extra `timeout` parameter (in seconds).
 
 
         Computing jedi's completion ``.type`` can be quite expensive (it is a
         lazy property) and can require some warm-up, more warm up than just
         computing the ``name`` of a completion. The warm-up can be :
 
             - Long warm-up the first time a module is encountered after
             install/update: actually build parse/inference tree.
 
             - first time the module is encountered in a session: load tree from
             disk.
 
         We don't want to block completions for tens of seconds so we give the
         completer a "budget" of ``_timeout`` seconds per invocation to compute
         completions types, the completions that have not yet been computed will
         be marked as "unknown" an will have a chance to be computed next round
         are things get cached.
 
         Keep in mind that Jedi is not the only thing treating the completion so
         keep the timeout short-ish as if we take more than 0.3 second we still
         have lots of processing to do.
 
         """
         deadline = time.monotonic() + _timeout
 
 
         before = full_text[:offset]
         cursor_line, cursor_column = position_to_cursor(full_text, offset)
 
         matched_text, matches, matches_origin, jedi_matches = self._complete(
             full_text=full_text, cursor_line=cursor_line, cursor_pos=cursor_column)
 
         iter_jm = iter(jedi_matches)
         if _timeout:
             for jm in iter_jm:
                 try:
                     type_ = jm.type
                 except Exception:
                     if self.debug:
                         print("Error in Jedi getting type of ", jm)
                     type_ = None
                 delta = len(jm.name_with_symbols) - len(jm.complete)
                 if type_ == 'function':
                     signature = _make_signature(jm)
                 else:
                     signature = ''
                 yield Completion(start=offset - delta,
                                  end=offset,
                                  text=jm.name_with_symbols,
                                  type=type_,
                                  signature=signature,
                                  _origin='jedi')
 
                 if time.monotonic() > deadline:
                     break
 
         for jm in iter_jm:
             delta = len(jm.name_with_symbols) - len(jm.complete)
             yield Completion(start=offset - delta,
                              end=offset,
                              text=jm.name_with_symbols,
                              type='<unknown>',  # don't compute type for speed
                              _origin='jedi',
                              signature='')
 
 
         start_offset = before.rfind(matched_text)
 
         # TODO:
         # Supress this, right now just for debug.
         if jedi_matches and matches and self.debug:
             yield Completion(start=start_offset, end=offset, text='--jedi/ipython--',
                              _origin='debug', type='none', signature='')
 
         # I'm unsure if this is always true, so let's assert and see if it
         # crash
         assert before.endswith(matched_text)
         for m, t in zip(matches, matches_origin):
             yield Completion(start=start_offset, end=offset, text=m, _origin=t, signature='', type='<unknown>')
 
 
     def complete(self, text=None, line_buffer=None, cursor_pos=None):
         """Find completions for the given text and line context.
 
         Note that both the text and the line_buffer are optional, but at least
         one of them must be given.
 
         Parameters
         ----------
           text : string, optional
             Text to perform the completion on.  If not given, the line buffer
             is split using the instance's CompletionSplitter object.
 
           line_buffer : string, optional
             If not given, the completer attempts to obtain the current line
             buffer via readline.  This keyword allows clients which are
             requesting for text completions in non-readline contexts to inform
             the completer of the entire text.
 
           cursor_pos : int, optional
             Index of the cursor in the full line buffer.  Should be provided by
             remote frontends where kernel has no access to frontend state.
 
         Returns
         -------
         text : str
           Text that was actually used in the completion.
 
         matches : list
           A list of completion matches.
 
 
         .. note::
 
             This API is likely to be deprecated and replaced by
             :any:`IPCompleter.completions` in the future.
 
 
         """
         warnings.warn('`Completer.complete` is pending deprecation since '
                 'IPython 6.0 and will be replaced by `Completer.completions`.',
                       PendingDeprecationWarning)
         # potential todo, FOLD the 3rd throw away argument of _complete
         # into the first 2 one.
         return self._complete(line_buffer=line_buffer, cursor_pos=cursor_pos, text=text, cursor_line=0)[:2]
 
     def _complete(self, *, cursor_line, cursor_pos, line_buffer=None, text=None,
                   full_text=None, return_jedi_results=True) -> Tuple[str, List[str], List[str], Iterable[_FakeJediCompletion]]:
         """
 
         Like complete but can also returns raw jedi completions as well as the
         origin of the completion text. This could (and should) be made much
         cleaner but that will be simpler once we drop the old (and stateful)
         :any:`complete` API.
 
 
         With current provisional API, cursor_pos act both (depending on the
         caller) as the offset in the ``text`` or ``line_buffer``, or as the
         ``column`` when passing multiline strings this could/should be renamed
         but would add extra noise.
         """
 
         # if the cursor position isn't given, the only sane assumption we can
         # make is that it's at the end of the line (the common case)
         if cursor_pos is None:
             cursor_pos = len(line_buffer) if text is None else len(text)
 
         if self.use_main_ns:
             self.namespace = __main__.__dict__
 
         # if text is either None or an empty string, rely on the line buffer
         if (not line_buffer) and full_text:
             line_buffer = full_text.split('\n')[cursor_line]
         if not text:
             text = self.splitter.split_line(line_buffer, cursor_pos)
 
         if self.backslash_combining_completions:
             # allow deactivation of these on windows.
             base_text = text if not line_buffer else line_buffer[:cursor_pos]
             latex_text, latex_matches = self.latex_matches(base_text)
             if latex_matches:
                 return latex_text, latex_matches, ['latex_matches']*len(latex_matches), ()
             name_text = ''
             name_matches = []
             for meth in (self.unicode_name_matches, back_latex_name_matches, back_unicode_name_matches):
                 name_text, name_matches = meth(base_text)
                 if name_text:
                     return name_text, name_matches, [meth.__qualname__]*len(name_matches), ()
         
 
         # If no line buffer is given, assume the input text is all there was
         if line_buffer is None:
             line_buffer = text
 
         self.line_buffer = line_buffer
         self.text_until_cursor = self.line_buffer[:cursor_pos]
 
         # Do magic arg matches
         for matcher in self.magic_arg_matchers:
             matches = [(m, matcher.__qualname__) for m in matcher(line_buffer)]
             if matches:
                 matches2 = [m[0] for m in matches]
                 origins = [m[1] for m in matches]
                 return text, matches2, origins, ()
 
         # Start with a clean slate of completions
         matches = []
         custom_res = self.dispatch_custom_completer(text)
         # FIXME: we should extend our api to return a dict with completions for
         # different types of objects.  The rlcomplete() method could then
         # simply collapse the dict into a list for readline, but we'd have
         # richer completion semantics in other evironments.
         completions = ()
         if self.use_jedi and return_jedi_results:
             if not full_text:
                 full_text = line_buffer
             completions = self._jedi_matches(
                 cursor_pos, cursor_line, full_text)
         if custom_res is not None:
             # did custom completers produce something?
             matches = [(m, 'custom') for m in custom_res]
         else:
             # Extend the list of completions with the results of each
             # matcher, so we return results to the user from all
             # namespaces.
             if self.merge_completions:
                 matches = []
                 for matcher in self.matchers:
                     try:
                         matches.extend([(m, matcher.__qualname__)
                                         for m in matcher(text)])
                     except:
                         # Show the ugly traceback if the matcher causes an
                         # exception, but do NOT crash the kernel!
                         sys.excepthook(*sys.exc_info())
             else:
                 for matcher in self.matchers:
                     matches = [(m, matcher.__qualname__)
                                for m in matcher(text)]
                     if matches:
                         break
         seen = set()
         filtered_matches = set()
         for m in matches:
             t, c = m
             if t not in seen:
                 filtered_matches.add(m)
                 seen.add(t)
 
         _filtered_matches = sorted(
             set(filtered_matches), key=lambda x: completions_sorting_key(x[0]))
 
         _matches = [m[0] for m in _filtered_matches]
         origins = [m[1] for m in _filtered_matches]
 
         self.matches = _matches
 
         return text, _matches, origins, completions

IPython/sphinxext/ipython_directive.py

@@ -1,1178 +1,1178 b''
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 """
 Sphinx directive to support embedded IPython code.
 
 This directive allows pasting of entire interactive IPython sessions, prompts
 and all, and their code will actually get re-executed at doc build time, with
 all prompts renumbered sequentially. It also allows you to input code as a pure
 python input by giving the argument python to the directive. The output looks
 like an interactive ipython section.
 
 To enable this directive, simply list it in your Sphinx ``conf.py`` file
 (making sure the directory where you placed it is visible to sphinx, as is
 needed for all Sphinx directives). For example, to enable syntax highlighting
 and the IPython directive::
 
     extensions = ['IPython.sphinxext.ipython_console_highlighting',
                   'IPython.sphinxext.ipython_directive']
 
 The IPython directive outputs code-blocks with the language 'ipython'. So
 if you do not have the syntax highlighting extension enabled as well, then
 all rendered code-blocks will be uncolored. By default this directive assumes
 that your prompts are unchanged IPython ones, but this can be customized.
 The configurable options that can be placed in conf.py are:
 
 ipython_savefig_dir:
     The directory in which to save the figures. This is relative to the
     Sphinx source directory. The default is `html_static_path`.
 ipython_rgxin:
     The compiled regular expression to denote the start of IPython input
     lines. The default is re.compile('In \[(\d+)\]:\s?(.*)\s*'). You
     shouldn't need to change this.
 ipython_rgxout:
     The compiled regular expression to denote the start of IPython output
     lines. The default is re.compile('Out\[(\d+)\]:\s?(.*)\s*'). You
     shouldn't need to change this.
 ipython_promptin:
     The string to represent the IPython input prompt in the generated ReST.
     The default is 'In [%d]:'. This expects that the line numbers are used
     in the prompt.
 ipython_promptout:
     The string to represent the IPython prompt in the generated ReST. The
     default is 'Out [%d]:'. This expects that the line numbers are used
     in the prompt.
 ipython_mplbackend:
     The string which specifies if the embedded Sphinx shell should import
     Matplotlib and set the backend. The value specifies a backend that is
     passed to `matplotlib.use()` before any lines in `ipython_execlines` are
     executed. If not specified in conf.py, then the default value of 'agg' is
     used. To use the IPython directive without matplotlib as a dependency, set
     the value to `None`. It may end up that matplotlib is still imported
     if the user specifies so in `ipython_execlines` or makes use of the
     @savefig pseudo decorator.
 ipython_execlines:
     A list of strings to be exec'd in the embedded Sphinx shell. Typical
     usage is to make certain packages always available. Set this to an empty
     list if you wish to have no imports always available. If specified in
     conf.py as `None`, then it has the effect of making no imports available.
     If omitted from conf.py altogether, then the default value of
     ['import numpy as np', 'import matplotlib.pyplot as plt'] is used.
 ipython_holdcount
     When the @suppress pseudo-decorator is used, the execution count can be
     incremented or not. The default behavior is to hold the execution count,
     corresponding to a value of `True`. Set this to `False` to increment
     the execution count after each suppressed command.
 
 As an example, to use the IPython directive when `matplotlib` is not available,
 one sets the backend to `None`::
 
     ipython_mplbackend = None
 
 An example usage of the directive is:
 
 .. code-block:: rst
 
     .. ipython::
 
         In [1]: x = 1
 
         In [2]: y = x**2
 
         In [3]: print(y)
 
 See http://matplotlib.org/sampledoc/ipython_directive.html for additional
 documentation.
 
 Pseudo-Decorators
 =================
 
 Note: Only one decorator is supported per input. If more than one decorator
 is specified, then only the last one is used.
 
 In addition to the Pseudo-Decorators/options described at the above link,
 several enhancements have been made. The directive will emit a message to the
 console at build-time if code-execution resulted in an exception or warning.
 You can suppress these on a per-block basis by specifying the :okexcept:
 or :okwarning: options:
 
 .. code-block:: rst
 
     .. ipython::
         :okexcept:
         :okwarning:
 
         In [1]: 1/0
         In [2]: # raise warning.
 
 ToDo
 ----
 
 - Turn the ad-hoc test() function into a real test suite.
 - Break up ipython-specific functionality from matplotlib stuff into better
   separated code.
 
 Authors
 -------
 
 - John D Hunter: orignal author.
 - Fernando Perez: refactoring, documentation, cleanups, port to 0.11.
 - VáclavŠmilauer <eudoxos-AT-arcig.cz>: Prompt generalizations.
 - Skipper Seabold, refactoring, cleanups, pure python addition
 """
 
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Imports
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 # Stdlib
 import atexit
 import errno
 import os
 import re
 import sys
 import tempfile
 import ast
 import warnings
 import shutil
 from io import StringIO
 
 # Third-party
 from docutils.parsers.rst import directives
 from docutils.parsers.rst import Directive
 
 # Our own
 from traitlets.config import Config
 from IPython import InteractiveShell
 from IPython.core.profiledir import ProfileDir
 
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Globals
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # for tokenizing blocks
 COMMENT, INPUT, OUTPUT =  range(3)
 
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Functions and class declarations
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 def block_parser(part, rgxin, rgxout, fmtin, fmtout):
     """
     part is a string of ipython text, comprised of at most one
     input, one output, comments, and blank lines.  The block parser
     parses the text into a list of::
 
       blocks = [ (TOKEN0, data0), (TOKEN1, data1), ...]
 
     where TOKEN is one of [COMMENT | INPUT | OUTPUT ] and
     data is, depending on the type of token::
 
       COMMENT : the comment string
 
       INPUT: the (DECORATOR, INPUT_LINE, REST) where
          DECORATOR: the input decorator (or None)
          INPUT_LINE: the input as string (possibly multi-line)
          REST : any stdout generated by the input line (not OUTPUT)
 
       OUTPUT: the output string, possibly multi-line
 
     """
     block = []
     lines = part.split('\n')
     N = len(lines)
     i = 0
     decorator = None
     while 1:
 
         if i==N:
             # nothing left to parse -- the last line
             break
 
         line = lines[i]
         i += 1
         line_stripped = line.strip()
         if line_stripped.startswith('#'):
             block.append((COMMENT, line))
             continue
 
         if line_stripped.startswith('@'):
             # Here is where we assume there is, at most, one decorator.
             # Might need to rethink this.
             decorator = line_stripped
             continue
 
         # does this look like an input line?
         matchin = rgxin.match(line)
         if matchin:
             lineno, inputline = int(matchin.group(1)), matchin.group(2)
 
             # the ....: continuation string
             continuation = '   %s:'%''.join(['.']*(len(str(lineno))+2))
             Nc = len(continuation)
             # input lines can continue on for more than one line, if
             # we have a '\' line continuation char or a function call
             # echo line 'print'.  The input line can only be
             # terminated by the end of the block or an output line, so
             # we parse out the rest of the input line if it is
             # multiline as well as any echo text
 
             rest = []
             while i<N:
 
                 # look ahead; if the next line is blank, or a comment, or
                 # an output line, we're done
 
                 nextline = lines[i]
                 matchout = rgxout.match(nextline)
                 #print "nextline=%s, continuation=%s, starts=%s"%(nextline, continuation, nextline.startswith(continuation))
                 if matchout or nextline.startswith('#'):
                     break
                 elif nextline.startswith(continuation):
                     # The default ipython_rgx* treat the space following the colon as optional.
                     # However, If the space is there we must consume it or code
                     # employing the cython_magic extension will fail to execute.
                     #
                     # This works with the default ipython_rgx* patterns,
                     # If you modify them, YMMV.
                     nextline = nextline[Nc:]
                     if nextline and nextline[0] == ' ':
                         nextline = nextline[1:]
 
                     inputline += '\n' +  nextline
                 else:
                     rest.append(nextline)
                 i+= 1
 
             block.append((INPUT, (decorator, inputline, '\n'.join(rest))))
             continue
 
         # if it looks like an output line grab all the text to the end
         # of the block
         matchout = rgxout.match(line)
         if matchout:
             lineno, output = int(matchout.group(1)), matchout.group(2)
             if i<N-1:
                 output = '\n'.join([output] + lines[i:])
 
             block.append((OUTPUT, output))
             break
 
     return block
 
 
 class EmbeddedSphinxShell(object):
     """An embedded IPython instance to run inside Sphinx"""
 
     def __init__(self, exec_lines=None):
 
         self.cout = StringIO()
 
         if exec_lines is None:
             exec_lines = []
 
         # Create config object for IPython
         config = Config()
         config.HistoryManager.hist_file = ':memory:'
         config.InteractiveShell.autocall = False
         config.InteractiveShell.autoindent = False
         config.InteractiveShell.colors = 'NoColor'
 
         # create a profile so instance history isn't saved
         tmp_profile_dir = tempfile.mkdtemp(prefix='profile_')
         profname = 'auto_profile_sphinx_build'
         pdir = os.path.join(tmp_profile_dir,profname)
         profile = ProfileDir.create_profile_dir(pdir)
 
         # Create and initialize global ipython, but don't start its mainloop.
-        # This will persist across different EmbededSphinxShell instances.
+        # This will persist across different EmbeddedSphinxShell instances.
         IP = InteractiveShell.instance(config=config, profile_dir=profile)
         atexit.register(self.cleanup)
 
         sys.stdout = self.cout
         sys.stderr = self.cout
 
         # For debugging, so we can see normal output, use this:
         #from IPython.utils.io import Tee
         #sys.stdout = Tee(self.cout, channel='stdout') # dbg
         #sys.stderr = Tee(self.cout, channel='stderr') # dbg
 
         # Store a few parts of IPython we'll need.
         self.IP = IP
         self.user_ns = self.IP.user_ns
         self.user_global_ns = self.IP.user_global_ns
 
         self.input = ''
         self.output = ''
         self.tmp_profile_dir = tmp_profile_dir
 
         self.is_verbatim = False
         self.is_doctest = False
         self.is_suppress = False
 
         # Optionally, provide more detailed information to shell.
         # this is assigned by the SetUp method of IPythonDirective
         # to point at itself.
         #
         # So, you can access handy things at self.directive.state
         self.directive = None
 
         # on the first call to the savefig decorator, we'll import
         # pyplot as plt so we can make a call to the plt.gcf().savefig
         self._pyplot_imported = False
 
         # Prepopulate the namespace.
         for line in exec_lines:
             self.process_input_line(line, store_history=False)
 
     def cleanup(self):
         shutil.rmtree(self.tmp_profile_dir, ignore_errors=True)
 
     def clear_cout(self):
         self.cout.seek(0)
         self.cout.truncate(0)
 
     def process_input_line(self, line, store_history=True):
         """process the input, capturing stdout"""
 
         stdout = sys.stdout
         splitter = self.IP.input_splitter
         try:
             sys.stdout = self.cout
             splitter.push(line)
             more = splitter.push_accepts_more()
             if not more:
                 source_raw = splitter.raw_reset()
                 self.IP.run_cell(source_raw, store_history=store_history)
         finally:
             sys.stdout = stdout
 
     def process_image(self, decorator):
         """
         # build out an image directive like
         # .. image:: somefile.png
         #    :width 4in
         #
         # from an input like
         # savefig somefile.png width=4in
         """
         savefig_dir = self.savefig_dir
         source_dir = self.source_dir
         saveargs = decorator.split(' ')
         filename = saveargs[1]
         # insert relative path to image file in source (as absolute path for Sphinx)
         outfile = '/' + os.path.relpath(os.path.join(savefig_dir,filename),
                                         source_dir)
 
         imagerows = ['.. image:: %s'%outfile]
 
         for kwarg in saveargs[2:]:
             arg, val = kwarg.split('=')
             arg = arg.strip()
             val = val.strip()
             imagerows.append('   :%s: %s'%(arg, val))
 
         image_file = os.path.basename(outfile) # only return file name
         image_directive = '\n'.join(imagerows)
         return image_file, image_directive
 
     # Callbacks for each type of token
     def process_input(self, data, input_prompt, lineno):
         """
         Process data block for INPUT token.
 
         """
         decorator, input, rest = data
         image_file = None
         image_directive = None
 
         is_verbatim = decorator=='@verbatim' or self.is_verbatim
         is_doctest = (decorator is not None and \
                      decorator.startswith('@doctest')) or self.is_doctest
         is_suppress = decorator=='@suppress' or self.is_suppress
         is_okexcept = decorator=='@okexcept' or self.is_okexcept
         is_okwarning = decorator=='@okwarning' or self.is_okwarning
         is_savefig = decorator is not None and \
                      decorator.startswith('@savefig')
 
         input_lines = input.split('\n')
         if len(input_lines) > 1:
             if input_lines[-1] != "":
                 input_lines.append('') # make sure there's a blank line
                                        # so splitter buffer gets reset
 
         continuation = '   %s:'%''.join(['.']*(len(str(lineno))+2))
 
         if is_savefig:
             image_file, image_directive = self.process_image(decorator)
 
         ret = []
         is_semicolon = False
 
         # Hold the execution count, if requested to do so.
         if is_suppress and self.hold_count:
             store_history = False
         else:
             store_history = True
 
         # Note: catch_warnings is not thread safe
         with warnings.catch_warnings(record=True) as ws:
             for i, line in enumerate(input_lines):
                 if line.endswith(';'):
                     is_semicolon = True
 
                 if i == 0:
                     # process the first input line
                     if is_verbatim:
                         self.process_input_line('')
                         self.IP.execution_count += 1 # increment it anyway
                     else:
                         # only submit the line in non-verbatim mode
                         self.process_input_line(line, store_history=store_history)
                     formatted_line = '%s %s'%(input_prompt, line)
                 else:
                     # process a continuation line
                     if not is_verbatim:
                         self.process_input_line(line, store_history=store_history)
 
                     formatted_line = '%s %s'%(continuation, line)
 
                 if not is_suppress:
                     ret.append(formatted_line)
 
         if not is_suppress and len(rest.strip()) and is_verbatim:
             # The "rest" is the standard output of the input. This needs to be
             # added when in verbatim mode. If there is no "rest", then we don't
             # add it, as the new line will be added by the processed output.
             ret.append(rest)
 
         # Fetch the processed output. (This is not the submitted output.)
         self.cout.seek(0)
         processed_output = self.cout.read()
         if not is_suppress and not is_semicolon:
             #
             # In IPythonDirective.run, the elements of `ret` are eventually
             # combined such that '' entries correspond to newlines. So if
             # `processed_output` is equal to '', then the adding it to `ret`
             # ensures that there is a blank line between consecutive inputs
             # that have no outputs, as in:
             #
             #    In [1]: x = 4
             #
             #    In [2]: x = 5
             #
             # When there is processed output, it has a '\n' at the tail end. So
             # adding the output to `ret` will provide the necessary spacing
             # between consecutive input/output blocks, as in:
             #
             #   In [1]: x
             #   Out[1]: 5
             #
             #   In [2]: x
             #   Out[2]: 5
             #
             # When there is stdout from the input, it also has a '\n' at the
             # tail end, and so this ensures proper spacing as well. E.g.:
             #
             #   In [1]: print x
             #   5
             #
             #   In [2]: x = 5
             #
             # When in verbatim mode, `processed_output` is empty (because
             # nothing was passed to IP. Sometimes the submitted code block has
             # an Out[] portion and sometimes it does not. When it does not, we
             # need to ensure proper spacing, so we have to add '' to `ret`.
             # However, if there is an Out[] in the submitted code, then we do
             # not want to add a newline as `process_output` has stuff to add.
             # The difficulty is that `process_input` doesn't know if
             # `process_output` will be called---so it doesn't know if there is
             # Out[] in the code block. The requires that we include a hack in
             # `process_block`. See the comments there.
             #
             ret.append(processed_output)
         elif is_semicolon:
             # Make sure there is a newline after the semicolon.
             ret.append('')
 
         # context information
         filename = "Unknown"
         lineno = 0
         if self.directive.state:
             filename = self.directive.state.document.current_source
             lineno = self.directive.state.document.current_line
 
         # output any exceptions raised during execution to stdout
         # unless :okexcept: has been specified.
         if not is_okexcept and "Traceback" in processed_output:
             s =  "\nException in %s at block ending on line %s\n" % (filename, lineno)
             s += "Specify :okexcept: as an option in the ipython:: block to suppress this message\n"
             sys.stdout.write('\n\n>>>' + ('-' * 73))
             sys.stdout.write(s)
             sys.stdout.write(processed_output)
             sys.stdout.write('<<<' + ('-' * 73) + '\n\n')
 
         # output any warning raised during execution to stdout
         # unless :okwarning: has been specified.
         if not is_okwarning:
             for w in ws:
                 s =  "\nWarning in %s at block ending on line %s\n" % (filename, lineno)
                 s += "Specify :okwarning: as an option in the ipython:: block to suppress this message\n"
                 sys.stdout.write('\n\n>>>' + ('-' * 73))
                 sys.stdout.write(s)
                 sys.stdout.write(('-' * 76) + '\n')
                 s=warnings.formatwarning(w.message, w.category,
                                          w.filename, w.lineno, w.line)
                 sys.stdout.write(s)
                 sys.stdout.write('<<<' + ('-' * 73) + '\n')
 
         self.cout.truncate(0)
 
         return (ret, input_lines, processed_output,
                 is_doctest, decorator, image_file, image_directive)
 
 
     def process_output(self, data, output_prompt, input_lines, output,
                        is_doctest, decorator, image_file):
         """
         Process data block for OUTPUT token.
 
         """
         # Recall: `data` is the submitted output, and `output` is the processed
         # output from `input_lines`.
 
         TAB = ' ' * 4
 
         if is_doctest and output is not None:
 
             found = output # This is the processed output
             found = found.strip()
             submitted = data.strip()
 
             if self.directive is None:
                 source = 'Unavailable'
                 content = 'Unavailable'
             else:
                 source = self.directive.state.document.current_source
                 content = self.directive.content
                 # Add tabs and join into a single string.
                 content = '\n'.join([TAB + line for line in content])
 
             # Make sure the output contains the output prompt.
             ind = found.find(output_prompt)
             if ind < 0:
                 e = ('output does not contain output prompt\n\n'
                      'Document source: {0}\n\n'
                      'Raw content: \n{1}\n\n'
                      'Input line(s):\n{TAB}{2}\n\n'
                      'Output line(s):\n{TAB}{3}\n\n')
                 e = e.format(source, content, '\n'.join(input_lines),
                              repr(found), TAB=TAB)
                 raise RuntimeError(e)
             found = found[len(output_prompt):].strip()
 
             # Handle the actual doctest comparison.
             if decorator.strip() == '@doctest':
                 # Standard doctest
                 if found != submitted:
                     e = ('doctest failure\n\n'
                          'Document source: {0}\n\n'
                          'Raw content: \n{1}\n\n'
                          'On input line(s):\n{TAB}{2}\n\n'
                          'we found output:\n{TAB}{3}\n\n'
                          'instead of the expected:\n{TAB}{4}\n\n')
                     e = e.format(source, content, '\n'.join(input_lines),
                                  repr(found), repr(submitted), TAB=TAB)
                     raise RuntimeError(e)
             else:
                 self.custom_doctest(decorator, input_lines, found, submitted)
 
         # When in verbatim mode, this holds additional submitted output
         # to be written in the final Sphinx output.
         # https://github.com/ipython/ipython/issues/5776
         out_data = []
 
         is_verbatim = decorator=='@verbatim' or self.is_verbatim
         if is_verbatim and data.strip():
             # Note that `ret` in `process_block` has '' as its last element if
             # the code block was in verbatim mode. So if there is no submitted
             # output, then we will have proper spacing only if we do not add
             # an additional '' to `out_data`. This is why we condition on
             # `and data.strip()`.
 
             # The submitted output has no output prompt. If we want the
             # prompt and the code to appear, we need to join them now
             # instead of adding them separately---as this would create an
             # undesired newline. How we do this ultimately depends on the
             # format of the output regex. I'll do what works for the default
             # prompt for now, and we might have to adjust if it doesn't work
             # in other cases. Finally, the submitted output does not have
             # a trailing newline, so we must add it manually.
             out_data.append("{0} {1}\n".format(output_prompt, data))
 
         return out_data
 
     def process_comment(self, data):
         """Process data fPblock for COMMENT token."""
         if not self.is_suppress:
             return [data]
 
     def save_image(self, image_file):
         """
         Saves the image file to disk.
         """
         self.ensure_pyplot()
         command = 'plt.gcf().savefig("%s")'%image_file
         #print 'SAVEFIG', command  # dbg
         self.process_input_line('bookmark ipy_thisdir', store_history=False)
         self.process_input_line('cd -b ipy_savedir', store_history=False)
         self.process_input_line(command, store_history=False)
         self.process_input_line('cd -b ipy_thisdir', store_history=False)
         self.process_input_line('bookmark -d ipy_thisdir', store_history=False)
         self.clear_cout()
 
     def process_block(self, block):
         """
         process block from the block_parser and return a list of processed lines
         """
         ret = []
         output = None
         input_lines = None
         lineno = self.IP.execution_count
 
         input_prompt = self.promptin % lineno
         output_prompt = self.promptout % lineno
         image_file = None
         image_directive = None
 
         found_input = False
         for token, data in block:
             if token == COMMENT:
                 out_data = self.process_comment(data)
             elif token == INPUT:
                 found_input = True
                 (out_data, input_lines, output, is_doctest,
                  decorator, image_file, image_directive) = \
                           self.process_input(data, input_prompt, lineno)
             elif token == OUTPUT:
                 if not found_input:
 
                     TAB = ' ' * 4
                     linenumber = 0
                     source = 'Unavailable'
                     content = 'Unavailable'
                     if self.directive:
                         linenumber = self.directive.state.document.current_line
                         source = self.directive.state.document.current_source
                         content = self.directive.content
                         # Add tabs and join into a single string.
                         content = '\n'.join([TAB + line for line in content])
 
                     e = ('\n\nInvalid block: Block contains an output prompt '
                          'without an input prompt.\n\n'
                          'Document source: {0}\n\n'
                          'Content begins at line {1}: \n\n{2}\n\n'
                          'Problematic block within content: \n\n{TAB}{3}\n\n')
                     e = e.format(source, linenumber, content, block, TAB=TAB)
 
                     # Write, rather than include in exception, since Sphinx
                     # will truncate tracebacks.
                     sys.stdout.write(e)
                     raise RuntimeError('An invalid block was detected.')
 
                 out_data = \
                     self.process_output(data, output_prompt, input_lines,
                                         output, is_doctest, decorator,
                                         image_file)
                 if out_data:
                     # Then there was user submitted output in verbatim mode.
                     # We need to remove the last element of `ret` that was
                     # added in `process_input`, as it is '' and would introduce
                     # an undesirable newline.
                     assert(ret[-1] == '')
                     del ret[-1]
 
             if out_data:
                 ret.extend(out_data)
 
         # save the image files
         if image_file is not None:
             self.save_image(image_file)
 
         return ret, image_directive
 
     def ensure_pyplot(self):
         """
         Ensures that pyplot has been imported into the embedded IPython shell.
 
         Also, makes sure to set the backend appropriately if not set already.
 
         """
         # We are here if the @figure pseudo decorator was used. Thus, it's
         # possible that we could be here even if python_mplbackend were set to
         # `None`. That's also strange and perhaps worthy of raising an
         # exception, but for now, we just set the backend to 'agg'.
 
         if not self._pyplot_imported:
             if 'matplotlib.backends' not in sys.modules:
                 # Then ipython_matplotlib was set to None but there was a
                 # call to the @figure decorator (and ipython_execlines did
                 # not set a backend).
                 #raise Exception("No backend was set, but @figure was used!")
                 import matplotlib
                 matplotlib.use('agg')
 
             # Always import pyplot into embedded shell.
             self.process_input_line('import matplotlib.pyplot as plt',
                                     store_history=False)
             self._pyplot_imported = True
 
     def process_pure_python(self, content):
         """
         content is a list of strings. it is unedited directive content
 
         This runs it line by line in the InteractiveShell, prepends
         prompts as needed capturing stderr and stdout, then returns
         the content as a list as if it were ipython code
         """
         output = []
         savefig = False # keep up with this to clear figure
         multiline = False # to handle line continuation
         multiline_start = None
         fmtin = self.promptin
 
         ct = 0
 
         for lineno, line in enumerate(content):
 
             line_stripped = line.strip()
             if not len(line):
                 output.append(line)
                 continue
 
             # handle decorators
             if line_stripped.startswith('@'):
                 output.extend([line])
                 if 'savefig' in line:
                     savefig = True # and need to clear figure
                 continue
 
             # handle comments
             if line_stripped.startswith('#'):
                 output.extend([line])
                 continue
 
             # deal with lines checking for multiline
             continuation  = u'   %s:'% ''.join(['.']*(len(str(ct))+2))
             if not multiline:
                 modified = u"%s %s" % (fmtin % ct, line_stripped)
                 output.append(modified)
                 ct += 1
                 try:
                     ast.parse(line_stripped)
                     output.append(u'')
                 except Exception: # on a multiline
                     multiline = True
                     multiline_start = lineno
             else: # still on a multiline
                 modified = u'%s %s' % (continuation, line)
                 output.append(modified)
 
                 # if the next line is indented, it should be part of multiline
                 if len(content) > lineno + 1:
                     nextline = content[lineno + 1]
                     if len(nextline) - len(nextline.lstrip()) > 3:
                         continue
                 try:
                     mod = ast.parse(
                             '\n'.join(content[multiline_start:lineno+1]))
                     if isinstance(mod.body[0], ast.FunctionDef):
                         # check to see if we have the whole function
                         for element in mod.body[0].body:
                             if isinstance(element, ast.Return):
                                 multiline = False
                     else:
                         output.append(u'')
                         multiline = False
                 except Exception:
                     pass
 
             if savefig: # clear figure if plotted
                 self.ensure_pyplot()
                 self.process_input_line('plt.clf()', store_history=False)
                 self.clear_cout()
                 savefig = False
 
         return output
 
     def custom_doctest(self, decorator, input_lines, found, submitted):
         """
         Perform a specialized doctest.
 
         """
         from .custom_doctests import doctests
 
         args = decorator.split()
         doctest_type = args[1]
         if doctest_type in doctests:
             doctests[doctest_type](self, args, input_lines, found, submitted)
         else:
             e = "Invalid option to @doctest: {0}".format(doctest_type)
             raise Exception(e)
 
 
 class IPythonDirective(Directive):
 
     has_content = True
     required_arguments = 0
     optional_arguments = 4 # python, suppress, verbatim, doctest
     final_argumuent_whitespace = True
     option_spec = { 'python': directives.unchanged,
                     'suppress' : directives.flag,
                     'verbatim' : directives.flag,
                     'doctest' : directives.flag,
                     'okexcept': directives.flag,
                     'okwarning': directives.flag
                   }
 
     shell = None
 
     seen_docs = set()
 
     def get_config_options(self):
         # contains sphinx configuration variables
         config = self.state.document.settings.env.config
 
         # get config variables to set figure output directory
         savefig_dir = config.ipython_savefig_dir
         source_dir = self.state.document.settings.env.srcdir
         savefig_dir = os.path.join(source_dir, savefig_dir)
 
         # get regex and prompt stuff
         rgxin      = config.ipython_rgxin
         rgxout     = config.ipython_rgxout
         promptin   = config.ipython_promptin
         promptout  = config.ipython_promptout
         mplbackend = config.ipython_mplbackend
         exec_lines = config.ipython_execlines
         hold_count = config.ipython_holdcount
 
         return (savefig_dir, source_dir, rgxin, rgxout,
                 promptin, promptout, mplbackend, exec_lines, hold_count)
 
     def setup(self):
         # Get configuration values.
         (savefig_dir, source_dir, rgxin, rgxout, promptin, promptout,
          mplbackend, exec_lines, hold_count) = self.get_config_options()
 
         try:
             os.makedirs(savefig_dir)
         except OSError as e:
             if e.errno != errno.EEXIST:
                 raise
 
         if self.shell is None:
             # We will be here many times.  However, when the
             # EmbeddedSphinxShell is created, its interactive shell member
             # is the same for each instance.
 
             if mplbackend and 'matplotlib.backends' not in sys.modules:
                 import matplotlib
                 matplotlib.use(mplbackend)
 
             # Must be called after (potentially) importing matplotlib and
             # setting its backend since exec_lines might import pylab.
             self.shell = EmbeddedSphinxShell(exec_lines)
 
             # Store IPython directive to enable better error messages
             self.shell.directive = self
 
         # reset the execution count if we haven't processed this doc
         #NOTE: this may be borked if there are multiple seen_doc tmp files
         #check time stamp?
         if not self.state.document.current_source in self.seen_docs:
             self.shell.IP.history_manager.reset()
             self.shell.IP.execution_count = 1
             self.seen_docs.add(self.state.document.current_source)
 
         # and attach to shell so we don't have to pass them around
         self.shell.rgxin = rgxin
         self.shell.rgxout = rgxout
         self.shell.promptin = promptin
         self.shell.promptout = promptout
         self.shell.savefig_dir = savefig_dir
         self.shell.source_dir = source_dir
         self.shell.hold_count = hold_count
 
         # setup bookmark for saving figures directory
         self.shell.process_input_line('bookmark ipy_savedir %s'%savefig_dir,
                                       store_history=False)
         self.shell.clear_cout()
 
         return rgxin, rgxout, promptin, promptout
 
     def teardown(self):
         # delete last bookmark
         self.shell.process_input_line('bookmark -d ipy_savedir',
                                       store_history=False)
         self.shell.clear_cout()
 
     def run(self):
         debug = False
 
         #TODO, any reason block_parser can't be a method of embeddable shell
         # then we wouldn't have to carry these around
         rgxin, rgxout, promptin, promptout = self.setup()
 
         options = self.options
         self.shell.is_suppress = 'suppress' in options
         self.shell.is_doctest = 'doctest' in options
         self.shell.is_verbatim = 'verbatim' in options
         self.shell.is_okexcept = 'okexcept' in options
         self.shell.is_okwarning = 'okwarning' in options
 
         # handle pure python code
         if 'python' in self.arguments:
             content = self.content
             self.content = self.shell.process_pure_python(content)
 
         # parts consists of all text within the ipython-block.
         # Each part is an input/output block.
         parts = '\n'.join(self.content).split('\n\n')
 
         lines = ['.. code-block:: ipython', '']
         figures = []
 
         for part in parts:
             block = block_parser(part, rgxin, rgxout, promptin, promptout)
             if len(block):
                 rows, figure = self.shell.process_block(block)
                 for row in rows:
                     lines.extend(['   {0}'.format(line)
                                   for line in row.split('\n')])
 
                 if figure is not None:
                     figures.append(figure)
 
         for figure in figures:
             lines.append('')
             lines.extend(figure.split('\n'))
             lines.append('')
 
         if len(lines) > 2:
             if debug:
                 print('\n'.join(lines))
             else:
                 # This has to do with input, not output. But if we comment
                 # these lines out, then no IPython code will appear in the
                 # final output.
                 self.state_machine.insert_input(
                     lines, self.state_machine.input_lines.source(0))
 
         # cleanup
         self.teardown()
 
         return []
 
 # Enable as a proper Sphinx directive
 def setup(app):
     setup.app = app
 
     app.add_directive('ipython', IPythonDirective)
     app.add_config_value('ipython_savefig_dir', 'savefig', 'env')
     app.add_config_value('ipython_rgxin',
                          re.compile('In \[(\d+)\]:\s?(.*)\s*'), 'env')
     app.add_config_value('ipython_rgxout',
                          re.compile('Out\[(\d+)\]:\s?(.*)\s*'), 'env')
     app.add_config_value('ipython_promptin', 'In [%d]:', 'env')
     app.add_config_value('ipython_promptout', 'Out[%d]:', 'env')
 
     # We could just let matplotlib pick whatever is specified as the default
     # backend in the matplotlibrc file, but this would cause issues if the
     # backend didn't work in headless environments. For this reason, 'agg'
     # is a good default backend choice.
     app.add_config_value('ipython_mplbackend', 'agg', 'env')
 
     # If the user sets this config value to `None`, then EmbeddedSphinxShell's
     # __init__ method will treat it as [].
     execlines = ['import numpy as np', 'import matplotlib.pyplot as plt']
     app.add_config_value('ipython_execlines', execlines, 'env')
 
     app.add_config_value('ipython_holdcount', True, 'env')
 
     metadata = {'parallel_read_safe': True, 'parallel_write_safe': True}
     return metadata
 
 # Simple smoke test, needs to be converted to a proper automatic test.
 def test():
 
     examples = [
         r"""
 In [9]: pwd
 Out[9]: '/home/jdhunter/py4science/book'
 
 In [10]: cd bookdata/
 /home/jdhunter/py4science/book/bookdata
 
 In [2]: from pylab import *
 
 In [2]: ion()
 
 In [3]: im = imread('stinkbug.png')
 
 @savefig mystinkbug.png width=4in
 In [4]: imshow(im)
 Out[4]: <matplotlib.image.AxesImage object at 0x39ea850>
 
 """,
         r"""
 
 In [1]: x = 'hello world'
 
 # string methods can be
 # used to alter the string
 @doctest
 In [2]: x.upper()
 Out[2]: 'HELLO WORLD'
 
 @verbatim
 In [3]: x.st<TAB>
 x.startswith  x.strip
 """,
     r"""
 
 In [130]: url = 'http://ichart.finance.yahoo.com/table.csv?s=CROX\
    .....: &d=9&e=22&f=2009&g=d&a=1&br=8&c=2006&ignore=.csv'
 
 In [131]: print url.split('&')
 ['http://ichart.finance.yahoo.com/table.csv?s=CROX', 'd=9', 'e=22', 'f=2009', 'g=d', 'a=1', 'b=8', 'c=2006', 'ignore=.csv']
 
 In [60]: import urllib
 
 """,
     r"""\
 
 In [133]: import numpy.random
 
 @suppress
 In [134]: numpy.random.seed(2358)
 
 @doctest
 In [135]: numpy.random.rand(10,2)
 Out[135]:
 array([[ 0.64524308,  0.59943846],
        [ 0.47102322,  0.8715456 ],
        [ 0.29370834,  0.74776844],
        [ 0.99539577,  0.1313423 ],
        [ 0.16250302,  0.21103583],
        [ 0.81626524,  0.1312433 ],
        [ 0.67338089,  0.72302393],
        [ 0.7566368 ,  0.07033696],
        [ 0.22591016,  0.77731835],
        [ 0.0072729 ,  0.34273127]])
 
 """,
 
     r"""
 In [106]: print x
 jdh
 
 In [109]: for i in range(10):
    .....:     print i
    .....:
    .....:
 0
 1
 2
 3
 4
 5
 6
 7
 8
 9
 """,
 
         r"""
 
 In [144]: from pylab import *
 
 In [145]: ion()
 
 # use a semicolon to suppress the output
 @savefig test_hist.png width=4in
 In [151]: hist(np.random.randn(10000), 100);
 
 
 @savefig test_plot.png width=4in
 In [151]: plot(np.random.randn(10000), 'o');
    """,
 
         r"""
 # use a semicolon to suppress the output
 In [151]: plt.clf()
 
 @savefig plot_simple.png width=4in
 In [151]: plot([1,2,3])
 
 @savefig hist_simple.png width=4in
 In [151]: hist(np.random.randn(10000), 100);
 
 """,
      r"""
 # update the current fig
 In [151]: ylabel('number')
 
 In [152]: title('normal distribution')
 
 
 @savefig hist_with_text.png
 In [153]: grid(True)
 
 @doctest float
 In [154]: 0.1 + 0.2
 Out[154]: 0.3
 
 @doctest float
 In [155]: np.arange(16).reshape(4,4)
 Out[155]:
 array([[ 0,  1,  2,  3],
        [ 4,  5,  6,  7],
        [ 8,  9, 10, 11],
        [12, 13, 14, 15]])
 
 In [1]: x = np.arange(16, dtype=float).reshape(4,4)
 
 In [2]: x[0,0] = np.inf
 
 In [3]: x[0,1] = np.nan
 
 @doctest float
 In [4]: x
 Out[4]:
 array([[ inf,  nan,   2.,   3.],
        [  4.,   5.,   6.,   7.],
        [  8.,   9.,  10.,  11.],
        [ 12.,  13.,  14.,  15.]])
 
 
         """,
         ]
     # skip local-file depending first example:
     examples = examples[1:]
 
     #ipython_directive.DEBUG = True  # dbg
     #options = dict(suppress=True)  # dbg
     options = {}
     for example in examples:
         content = example.split('\n')
         IPythonDirective('debug', arguments=None, options=options,
                           content=content, lineno=0,
                           content_offset=None, block_text=None,
                           state=None, state_machine=None,
                           )
 
 # Run test suite as a script
 if __name__=='__main__':
     if not os.path.isdir('_static'):
         os.mkdir('_static')
     test()
     print('All OK? Check figures in _static/')

IPython/terminal/embed.py

@@ -1,392 +1,392 b''
 # encoding: utf-8
 """
 An embedded IPython shell.
 """
 # Copyright (c) IPython Development Team.
 # Distributed under the terms of the Modified BSD License.
 
 
 import sys
 import warnings
 
 from IPython.core import ultratb, compilerop
 from IPython.core import magic_arguments
 from IPython.core.magic import Magics, magics_class, line_magic
 from IPython.core.interactiveshell import DummyMod, InteractiveShell
 from IPython.terminal.interactiveshell import TerminalInteractiveShell
 from IPython.terminal.ipapp import load_default_config
 
 from traitlets import Bool, CBool, Unicode
 from IPython.utils.io import ask_yes_no
 
-class KillEmbeded(Exception):pass
+class KillEmbedded(Exception):pass
 
 # This is an additional magic that is exposed in embedded shells.
 @magics_class
 class EmbeddedMagics(Magics):
 
     @line_magic
     @magic_arguments.magic_arguments()
     @magic_arguments.argument('-i', '--instance', action='store_true',
                               help='Kill instance instead of call location')
     @magic_arguments.argument('-x', '--exit', action='store_true',
                               help='Also exit the current session')
     @magic_arguments.argument('-y', '--yes', action='store_true',
                               help='Do not ask confirmation')
     def kill_embedded(self, parameter_s=''):
         """%kill_embedded : deactivate for good the current embedded IPython
 
         This function (after asking for confirmation) sets an internal flag so
         that an embedded IPython will never activate again for the given call
         location. This is useful to permanently disable a shell that is being
         called inside a loop: once you've figured out what you needed from it,
         you may then kill it and the program will then continue to run without
         the interactive shell interfering again.
 
 
         Kill Instance Option:
 
             If for some reasons you need to kill the location where the instance
             is created and not called, for example if you create a single
             instance in one place and debug in many locations, you can use the
             ``--instance`` option to kill this specific instance. Like for the
             ``call location`` killing an "instance" should work even if it is
             recreated within a loop.
 
         .. note::
 
             This was the default behavior before IPython 5.2
 
         """
 
         args = magic_arguments.parse_argstring(self.kill_embedded, parameter_s)
         print(args)
         if args.instance:
             # let no ask
             if not args.yes:
                 kill = ask_yes_no(
                     "Are you sure you want to kill this embedded instance? [y/N] ", 'n')
             else:
                 kill = True
             if kill:
                 self.shell._disable_init_location()
                 print("This embedded IPython instance will not reactivate anymore "
                       "once you exit.")
         else:
             if not args.yes:
                 kill = ask_yes_no(
                     "Are you sure you want to kill this embedded call_location? [y/N] ", 'n')
             else:
                 kill = True
             if kill:
                 self.shell.embedded_active = False
                 print("This embedded IPython  call location will not reactivate anymore "
                       "once you exit.")
 
         if args.exit:
             # Ask-exit does not really ask, it just set internals flags to exit
             # on next loop.
             self.shell.ask_exit()
 
 
     @line_magic
     def exit_raise(self, parameter_s=''):
         """%exit_raise Make the current embedded kernel exit and raise and exception.
 
         This function sets an internal flag so that an embedded IPython will
-        raise a `IPython.terminal.embed.KillEmbeded` Exception on exit, and then exit the current I. This is
+        raise a `IPython.terminal.embed.KillEmbedded` Exception on exit, and then exit the current I. This is
         useful to permanently exit a loop that create IPython embed instance.
         """
 
         self.shell.should_raise = True
         self.shell.ask_exit()
 
 
 
 class InteractiveShellEmbed(TerminalInteractiveShell):
 
     dummy_mode = Bool(False)
     exit_msg = Unicode('')
     embedded = CBool(True)
     should_raise = CBool(False)
     # Like the base class display_banner is not configurable, but here it
     # is True by default.
     display_banner = CBool(True)
     exit_msg = Unicode()
 
     # When embedding, by default we don't change the terminal title
     term_title = Bool(False,
         help="Automatically set the terminal title"
     ).tag(config=True)
 
     _inactive_locations = set()
 
     @property
     def embedded_active(self):
         return (self._call_location_id not in InteractiveShellEmbed._inactive_locations)\
             and (self._init_location_id not in InteractiveShellEmbed._inactive_locations)
 
     def _disable_init_location(self):
         """Disable the current Instance creation location"""
         InteractiveShellEmbed._inactive_locations.add(self._init_location_id)
 
     @embedded_active.setter
     def embedded_active(self, value):
         if value:
             InteractiveShellEmbed._inactive_locations.discard(
                 self._call_location_id)
             InteractiveShellEmbed._inactive_locations.discard(
                 self._init_location_id)
         else:
             InteractiveShellEmbed._inactive_locations.add(
                 self._call_location_id)
 
     def __init__(self, **kw):
         if kw.get('user_global_ns', None) is not None:
             raise DeprecationWarning(
                 "Key word argument `user_global_ns` has been replaced by `user_module` since IPython 4.0.")
 
         clid = kw.pop('_init_location_id', None)
         if not clid:
             frame = sys._getframe(1)
             clid = '%s:%s' % (frame.f_code.co_filename, frame.f_lineno)
         self._init_location_id = clid
 
         super(InteractiveShellEmbed,self).__init__(**kw)
 
         # don't use the ipython crash handler so that user exceptions aren't
         # trapped
         sys.excepthook = ultratb.FormattedTB(color_scheme=self.colors,
                                              mode=self.xmode,
                                              call_pdb=self.pdb)
 
     def init_sys_modules(self):
         """
         Explicitly overwrite :mod:`IPython.core.interactiveshell` to do nothing.
         """
         pass
 
     def init_magics(self):
         super(InteractiveShellEmbed, self).init_magics()
         self.register_magics(EmbeddedMagics)
 
     def __call__(self, header='', local_ns=None, module=None, dummy=None,
                  stack_depth=1, global_ns=None, compile_flags=None, **kw):
         """Activate the interactive interpreter.
 
         __call__(self,header='',local_ns=None,module=None,dummy=None) -> Start
         the interpreter shell with the given local and global namespaces, and
         optionally print a header string at startup.
 
         The shell can be globally activated/deactivated using the
         dummy_mode attribute. This allows you to turn off a shell used
         for debugging globally.
 
         However, *each* time you call the shell you can override the current
         state of dummy_mode with the optional keyword parameter 'dummy'. For
         example, if you set dummy mode on with IPShell.dummy_mode = True, you
         can still have a specific call work by making it as IPShell(dummy=False).
         """
 
         # we are called, set the underlying interactiveshell not to exit.
         self.keep_running = True
 
         # If the user has turned it off, go away
         clid = kw.pop('_call_location_id', None)
         if not clid:
             frame = sys._getframe(1)
             clid = '%s:%s' % (frame.f_code.co_filename, frame.f_lineno)
         self._call_location_id = clid
 
         if not self.embedded_active:
             return
 
         # Normal exits from interactive mode set this flag, so the shell can't
         # re-enter (it checks this variable at the start of interactive mode).
         self.exit_now = False
 
         # Allow the dummy parameter to override the global __dummy_mode
         if dummy or (dummy != 0 and self.dummy_mode):
             return
 
         # self.banner is auto computed
         if header:
             self.old_banner2 = self.banner2
             self.banner2 = self.banner2 + '\n' + header + '\n'
         else:
             self.old_banner2 = ''
 
         if self.display_banner:
             self.show_banner()
 
         # Call the embedding code with a stack depth of 1 so it can skip over
         # our call and get the original caller's namespaces.
         self.mainloop(local_ns, module, stack_depth=stack_depth,
                       global_ns=global_ns, compile_flags=compile_flags)
 
         self.banner2 = self.old_banner2
 
         if self.exit_msg is not None:
             print(self.exit_msg)
 
         if self.should_raise:
-            raise KillEmbeded('Embedded IPython raising error, as user requested.')
+            raise KillEmbedded('Embedded IPython raising error, as user requested.')
 
 
     def mainloop(self, local_ns=None, module=None, stack_depth=0,
                  display_banner=None, global_ns=None, compile_flags=None):
         """Embeds IPython into a running python program.
 
         Parameters
         ----------
 
         local_ns, module
           Working local namespace (a dict) and module (a module or similar
           object). If given as None, they are automatically taken from the scope
           where the shell was called, so that program variables become visible.
 
         stack_depth : int
           How many levels in the stack to go to looking for namespaces (when
           local_ns or module is None). This allows an intermediate caller to
           make sure that this function gets the namespace from the intended
           level in the stack. By default (0) it will get its locals and globals
           from the immediate caller.
 
         compile_flags
           A bit field identifying the __future__ features
           that are enabled, as passed to the builtin :func:`compile` function.
           If given as None, they are automatically taken from the scope where
           the shell was called.
 
         """
         
         if (global_ns is not None) and (module is None):
             raise DeprecationWarning("'global_ns' keyword argument is deprecated, and has been removed in IPython 5.0 use `module` keyword argument instead.")
 
         if (display_banner is not None):
             warnings.warn("The display_banner parameter is deprecated since IPython 4.0", DeprecationWarning)
 
         # Get locals and globals from caller
         if ((local_ns is None or module is None or compile_flags is None)
             and self.default_user_namespaces):
             call_frame = sys._getframe(stack_depth).f_back
 
             if local_ns is None:
                 local_ns = call_frame.f_locals
             if module is None:
                 global_ns = call_frame.f_globals
                 try:
                     module = sys.modules[global_ns['__name__']]
                 except KeyError:
                     warnings.warn("Failed to get module %s" % \
                         global_ns.get('__name__', 'unknown module')
                     )
                     module = DummyMod()
                     module.__dict__ = global_ns
             if compile_flags is None:
                 compile_flags = (call_frame.f_code.co_flags &
                                  compilerop.PyCF_MASK)
         
         # Save original namespace and module so we can restore them after 
         # embedding; otherwise the shell doesn't shut down correctly.
         orig_user_module = self.user_module
         orig_user_ns = self.user_ns
         orig_compile_flags = self.compile.flags
         
         # Update namespaces and fire up interpreter
         
         # The global one is easy, we can just throw it in
         if module is not None:
             self.user_module = module
 
         # But the user/local one is tricky: ipython needs it to store internal
         # data, but we also need the locals. We'll throw our hidden variables
         # like _ih and get_ipython() into the local namespace, but delete them
         # later.
         if local_ns is not None:
             reentrant_local_ns = {k: v for (k, v) in local_ns.items() if k not in self.user_ns_hidden.keys()}
             self.user_ns = reentrant_local_ns
             self.init_user_ns()
 
         # Compiler flags
         if compile_flags is not None:
             self.compile.flags = compile_flags
 
         # make sure the tab-completer has the correct frame information, so it
         # actually completes using the frame's locals/globals
         self.set_completer_frame()
 
         with self.builtin_trap, self.display_trap:
             self.interact()
         
         # now, purge out the local namespace of IPython's hidden variables.
         if local_ns is not None:
             local_ns.update({k: v for (k, v) in self.user_ns.items() if k not in self.user_ns_hidden.keys()})
 
         
         # Restore original namespace so shell can shut down when we exit.
         self.user_module = orig_user_module
         self.user_ns = orig_user_ns
         self.compile.flags = orig_compile_flags
 
 
 def embed(**kwargs):
     """Call this to embed IPython at the current point in your program.
 
     The first invocation of this will create an :class:`InteractiveShellEmbed`
     instance and then call it.  Consecutive calls just call the already
     created instance.
 
     If you don't want the kernel to initialize the namespace
     from the scope of the surrounding function,
     and/or you want to load full IPython configuration,
     you probably want `IPython.start_ipython()` instead.
 
     Here is a simple example::
 
         from IPython import embed
         a = 10
         b = 20
         embed(header='First time')
         c = 30
         d = 40
         embed()
 
     Full customization can be done by passing a :class:`Config` in as the
     config argument.
     """
     config = kwargs.get('config')
     header = kwargs.pop('header', u'')
     compile_flags = kwargs.pop('compile_flags', None)
     if config is None:
         config = load_default_config()
         config.InteractiveShellEmbed = config.TerminalInteractiveShell
         kwargs['config'] = config
     #save ps1/ps2 if defined
     ps1 = None
     ps2 = None
     try:
         ps1 = sys.ps1
         ps2 = sys.ps2
     except AttributeError:
         pass
     #save previous instance
     saved_shell_instance = InteractiveShell._instance
     if saved_shell_instance is not None:
         cls = type(saved_shell_instance)
         cls.clear_instance()
     frame = sys._getframe(1)
     shell = InteractiveShellEmbed.instance(_init_location_id='%s:%s' % (
         frame.f_code.co_filename, frame.f_lineno), **kwargs)
     shell(header=header, stack_depth=2, compile_flags=compile_flags,
           _call_location_id='%s:%s' % (frame.f_code.co_filename, frame.f_lineno))
     InteractiveShellEmbed.clear_instance()
     #restore previous instance
     if saved_shell_instance is not None:
         cls = type(saved_shell_instance)
         cls.clear_instance()
         for subclass in cls._walk_mro():
             subclass._instance = saved_shell_instance
     if ps1 is not None:
         sys.ps1 = ps1
         sys.ps2 = ps2

examples/IPython Kernel/Custom Display Logic.ipynb

@@ -1,976 +1,976 b''
 {
  "cells": [
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
     "# Custom Display Logic"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
     "## Overview"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
     "As described in the [Rich Output](Rich Output.ipynb) tutorial, the IPython display system can display rich representations of objects in the following formats:\n",
     "\n",
     "* JavaScript\n",
     "* HTML\n",
     "* PNG\n",
     "* JPEG\n",
     "* SVG\n",
     "* LaTeX\n",
     "* PDF\n",
     "\n",
     "This Notebook shows how you can add custom display logic to your own classes, so that they can be displayed using these rich representations. There are two ways of accomplishing this:\n",
     "\n",
     "1. Implementing special display methods such as `_repr_html_` when you define your class.\n",
     "2. Registering a display function for a particular existing class.\n",
     "\n",
     "This Notebook describes and illustrates both approaches."
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
     "Import the IPython display functions."
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": 1,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": true
    },
    "outputs": [],
    "source": [
     "from IPython.display import (\n",
     "    display, display_html, display_png, display_svg\n",
     ")"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
     "Parts of this notebook need the matplotlib inline backend:"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": 2,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": true
    },
    "outputs": [],
    "source": [
     "import numpy as np\n",
     "import matplotlib.pyplot as plt\n",
     "plt.ion()"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
     "## Special display methods"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
     "The main idea of the first approach is that you have to implement special display methods when you define your class, one for each representation you want to use. Here is a list of the names of the special methods and the values they must return:\n",
     "\n",
     "* `_repr_html_`: return raw HTML as a string\n",
     "* `_repr_json_`: return a JSONable dict\n",
     "* `_repr_jpeg_`: return raw JPEG data\n",
     "* `_repr_png_`: return raw PNG data\n",
     "* `_repr_svg_`: return raw SVG data as a string\n",
     "* `_repr_latex_`: return LaTeX commands in a string surrounded by \"$\".\n",
     "* `_repr_mimebundle_`: return a full mimebundle containing the mapping from all mimetypes to data "
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
     "As an illustration, we build a class that holds data generated by sampling a Gaussian distribution with given mean and standard deviation. Here is the definition of the `Gaussian` class, which has a custom PNG and LaTeX representation."
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": 3,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": true
    },
    "outputs": [],
    "source": [
     "from IPython.core.pylabtools import print_figure\n",
     "from IPython.display import Image, SVG, Math\n",
     "\n",
     "class Gaussian(object):\n",
     "    \"\"\"A simple object holding data sampled from a Gaussian distribution.\n",
     "    \"\"\"\n",
     "    def __init__(self, mean=0.0, std=1, size=1000):\n",
     "        self.data = np.random.normal(mean, std, size)\n",
     "        self.mean = mean\n",
     "        self.std = std\n",
     "        self.size = size\n",
     "        # For caching plots that may be expensive to compute\n",
     "        self._png_data = None\n",
     "        \n",
     "    def _figure_data(self, format):\n",
     "        fig, ax = plt.subplots()\n",
     "        ax.hist(self.data, bins=50)\n",
     "        ax.set_title(self._repr_latex_())\n",
     "        ax.set_xlim(-10.0,10.0)\n",
     "        data = print_figure(fig, format)\n",
     "        # We MUST close the figure, otherwise IPython's display machinery\n",
     "        # will pick it up and send it as output, resulting in a double display\n",
     "        plt.close(fig)\n",
     "        return data\n",
     "        \n",
     "    def _repr_png_(self):\n",
     "        if self._png_data is None:\n",
     "            self._png_data = self._figure_data('png')\n",
     "        return self._png_data\n",
     "    \n",
     "    def _repr_latex_(self):\n",
     "        return r'$\\mathcal{N}(\\mu=%.2g, \\sigma=%.2g),\\ N=%d$' % (self.mean,\n",
     "                                                                 self.std, self.size)"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
     "Create an instance of the Gaussian distribution and return it to display the default representation:"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": 4,
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [
     {
      "data": {
       "image/png": 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a4Ji99kmDY88zY8peK66WeWQvSQ0w7CWpAYa9JDXAsJekBhj2ktQAw16SGmDYS1IDvM5e\nzfP6e7XAI3tJaoBhL0kNMOwlqQGO2Wuf55j8ZM3Xn97jfvXyyF6SGmDYS1IDDHtJaoBj9lqTZo8N\nOy4/fUvpY8fwV4+xjuyTnJ7kniT3Jdk2qaIkSZO15LBPsg74PeAM4FjgzUmOnVRhkqTJGefI/kTg\nvqp6oKr+HrgcOHsyZUmSJilVtbQVkzcAp1fVL/bTbwV+rKoumLXcVmBrP/nDwB1LL3fZHAp8ZaWL\nGMFaqHMt1AjWOWnWOVmvqKoDx9nAOCdoM2Tesz45qmo7sB0gya6q2jzGay4L65yctVAjWOekWedk\nJdk17jbGGcZ5EHjxwPSRwEPjlSNJmoZxwv4vgaOTHJVkf+Bc4NrJlCVJmqQlD+NU1dNJLgA+BqwD\nLq2qOxdYbftSX2+ZWefkrIUawTonzTona+w6l3yCVpK0dni7BElqgGEvSQ2YeNgneWOSO5M8k2Tz\nrLZ39LdWuCfJz86x/lFJbkpyb5Ir+pO/U9W/zq39Y3eSW+dYbneSz/XLjX0p1BLqvCjJlwdqPXOO\n5VbsNhZJ/muSu5PcnuTqJAfNsdyK9OVCfZPkgH5/uK/fDzcuV20DNbw4ySeT3NX/X3rbkGVOSfL4\nwL7wG8tdZ1/HvO9jOv+978/bk7xqBWp8xUA/3Zrk60nePmuZFenPJJcm2ZPkjoF5hyTZ2WfgziQH\nz7Huln6Ze5NsWfDFqmqiD+AY4BXAp4DNA/OPBW4DDgCOAu4H1g1Z/0rg3P75+4F/OekaF6j/t4Hf\nmKNtN3DoctYz6/UvAv7dAsus6/v2ZcD+fZ8fu4w1ngas75+/G3j3aunLUfoG+FfA+/vn5wJXrMD7\nfATwqv75gcDnh9R5CnDdcte22PcROBP4KN3v5ZwE3LTC9a4D/gZ46WroT+CngFcBdwzM+y1gW/98\n27D/Q8AhwAP9z4P75wfP91oTP7Kvqruq6p4hTWcDl1fVN6vqr4H76G658B1JArwa+FA/awdwzqRr\nnEv/+m8C/mS5XnMKVvQ2FlX18ap6up/8C7rfv1gtRumbs+n2O+j2w1P7/WLZVNXDVfXZ/vkTwF3A\ni5azhgk6G/ij6vwFcFCSI1awnlOB+6vqCytYw3dU1aeBr82aPbgPzpWBPwvsrKqvVdWjwE7g9Ple\naznH7F8EfGlg+kGevQP/APDYQFgMW2aafhJ4pKrunaO9gI8nubm/DcRKuKD/OnzpHF/vRunn5XIe\n3VHdMCvRl6P0zXeW6ffDx+n2yxXRDyOdANw0pPkfJbktyUeTvHJZC/uuhd7H1bQ/Qvdtba6DudXQ\nnwCHV9XD0H3wA4cNWWbR/bqk6+yT/F/ghUOaLqyqa+Zabci82dd9jnQLhqUYseY3M/9R/clV9VCS\nw4CdSe7uP5knZr46gfcBv0nXJ79JN+R03uxNDFl3otfXjtKXSS4EngYum2MzU+/LIVZ0H1ysJM8H\nPgy8vaq+Pqv5s3RDEU/2524+Ahy93DWy8Pu4mvpzf+B1wDuGNK+W/hzVovt1SWFfVa9Zwmqj3F7h\nK3Rf89b3R1UTuwXDQjUnWQ/8E+BH59nGQ/3PPUmuphsWmGhAjdq3Sf4QuG5I09RvYzFCX24BXguc\nWv0A45BtTL0vhxilb2aWebDfJ17As79mT12S/eiC/rKqump2+2D4V9UNSX4/yaFVtaw39RrhfVxN\nt1U5A/hsVT0yu2G19GfvkSRHVNXD/ZDXniHLPEh3nmHGkXTnSee0nMM41wLn9lc7HEX3qfmZwQX6\nYPgk8IZ+1hZgrm8Kk/Ya4O6qenBYY5LnJTlw5jndichlvYPnrLHO18/x+it6G4skpwO/Bryuqv52\njmVWqi9H6Ztr6fY76PbDT8z1gTUt/TmCS4C7qup35ljmhTPnEpKcSPd/+avLV+XI7+O1wC/0V+Wc\nBDw+M0SxAub85r4a+nPA4D44VwZ+DDgtycH9cO5p/by5TeHs8uvpPnW+CTwCfGyg7UK6qyHuAc4Y\nmH8D8IP985fRfQjcB/wf4IBJ1zhH3R8EfnnWvB8Ebhio67b+cSfdkMVyn7n/Y+BzwO39DnHE7Dr7\n6TPpruC4f7nr7N+3LwG39o/3z65xJftyWN8A76T7cAJ4br/f3dfvhy9bgff5J+i+kt8+0I9nAr88\ns48CF/R9dxvdifAfX4E6h76Ps+oM3R85ur/fdzcvd519Hf+ALrxfMDBvxfuT7sPnYeBbfW6eT3eO\n6Ebg3v7nIf2ym4EPDKx7Xr+f3gf884Vey9slSFID/A1aSWqAYS9JDTDsJakBhr0kNcCwl6QGGPaS\n1ADDXpIa8P8BEb7Ae9JKdQAAAAAASUVORK5CYII=\n",
       "text/latex": [
        "$\\mathcal{N}(\\mu=2, \\sigma=1),\\ N=1000$"
       ],
       "text/plain": [
        "<__main__.Gaussian at 0x116fe76d8>"
       ]
      },
      "execution_count": 4,
      "metadata": {},
      "output_type": "execute_result"
     }
    ],
    "source": [
     "x = Gaussian(2.0, 1.0)\n",
     "x"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
     "You can also pass the object to the `display` function to display the default representation:"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": 5,
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [
     {
      "data": {
       "image/png": 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a4Ji99kmDY88zY8peK66WeWQvSQ0w7CWpAYa9JDXAsJekBhj2ktQAw16SGmDYS1IDvM5e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\n1ADDXpIa8P8BEb7Ae9JKdQAAAAAASUVORK5CYII=\n",
       "text/latex": [
        "$\\mathcal{N}(\\mu=2, \\sigma=1),\\ N=1000$"
       ],
       "text/plain": [
        "<__main__.Gaussian at 0x116fe76d8>"
       ]
      },
      "metadata": {},
      "output_type": "display_data"
     }
    ],
    "source": [
     "display(x)"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
     "Use `display_png` to view the PNG representation:"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": 6,
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [
     {
      "data": {
       "image/png": 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a4Ji99kmDY88zY8peK66WeWQvSQ0w7CWpAYa9JDXAsJekBhj2ktQAw16SGmDYS1IDvM5e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\n1ADDXpIa8P8BEb7Ae9JKdQAAAAAASUVORK5CYII=\n"
      },
      "metadata": {},
      "output_type": "display_data"
     }
    ],
    "source": [
     "display_png(x)"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
     "<div class=\"alert alert-success\">\n",
     "It is important to note a subtle different between <code>display</code> and <code>display_png</code>. The former computes <em>all</em> representations of the object, and lets the notebook UI decide which to display. The later only computes the PNG representation.\n",
     "</div>"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
     "Create a new Gaussian with different parameters:"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": 7,
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [
     {
      "data": {
       "image/png": 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       "text/latex": [
        "$\\mathcal{N}(\\mu=0, \\sigma=2),\\ N=2000$"
       ],
       "text/plain": [
        "<__main__.Gaussian at 0x116fe7668>"
       ]
      },
      "execution_count": 7,
      "metadata": {},
      "output_type": "execute_result"
     }
    ],
    "source": [
     "x2 = Gaussian(0, 2, 2000)\n",
     "x2"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
     "You can then compare the two Gaussians by displaying their histograms:"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": 8,
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [
     {
      "data": {
       "image/png": 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      },
      "metadata": {},
      "output_type": "display_data"
     },
     {
      "data": {
       "image/png": 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      },
      "metadata": {},
      "output_type": "display_data"
     }
    ],
    "source": [
     "display_png(x)\n",
     "display_png(x2)"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
     "Note that like `print`, you can call any of the `display` functions multiple times in a cell."
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
     "## Adding IPython display support to existing objects"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
     "When you are directly writing your own classes, you can adapt them for display in IPython by following the above approach.  But in practice, you often need to work with existing classes that you can't easily modify. We now illustrate how to add rich output capabilities to existing objects. We will use the NumPy polynomials and change their default representation to be a formatted LaTeX expression."
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
     "First, consider how a NumPy polynomial object renders by default:"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": 9,
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [
     {
      "data": {
       "text/plain": [
        "Polynomial([ 1.,  2.,  3.], [-10.,  10.], [-1,  1])"
       ]
      },
      "execution_count": 9,
      "metadata": {},
      "output_type": "execute_result"
     }
    ],
    "source": [
     "p = np.polynomial.Polynomial([1,2,3], [-10, 10])\n",
     "p"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
     "Next, define a function that pretty-prints a polynomial as a LaTeX string:"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": 10,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": true
    },
    "outputs": [],
    "source": [
     "def poly_to_latex(p):\n",
     "    terms = ['%.2g' % p.coef[0]]\n",
     "    if len(p) > 1:\n",
     "        term = 'x'\n",
     "        c = p.coef[1]\n",
     "        if c!=1:\n",
     "            term = ('%.2g ' % c) + term\n",
     "        terms.append(term)\n",
     "    if len(p) > 2:\n",
     "        for i in range(2, len(p)):\n",
     "            term = 'x^%d' % i\n",
     "            c = p.coef[i]\n",
     "            if c!=1:\n",
     "                term = ('%.2g ' % c) + term\n",
     "            terms.append(term)\n",
     "    px = '$P(x)=%s$' % '+'.join(terms)\n",
     "    dom = r', $x \\in [%.2g,\\ %.2g]$' % tuple(p.domain)\n",
     "    return px+dom"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
     "This produces, on our polynomial ``p``, the following:"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": 11,
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [
     {
      "data": {
       "text/plain": [
        "'$P(x)=1+2 x+3 x^2$, $x \\\\in [-10,\\\\ 10]$'"
       ]
      },
      "execution_count": 11,
      "metadata": {},
      "output_type": "execute_result"
     }
    ],
    "source": [
     "poly_to_latex(p)"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
     "You can render this string using the `Latex` class:"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": 12,
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [
     {
      "data": {
       "text/latex": [
        "$P(x)=1+2 x+3 x^2$, $x \\in [-10,\\ 10]$"
       ],
       "text/plain": [
        "<IPython.core.display.Latex object>"
       ]
      },
      "execution_count": 12,
      "metadata": {},
      "output_type": "execute_result"
     }
    ],
    "source": [
     "from IPython.display import Latex\n",
     "Latex(poly_to_latex(p))"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
     "However, you can configure IPython to do this automatically by registering the `Polynomial` class and the `poly_to_latex` function with an IPython display formatter. Let's look at the default formatters provided by IPython:"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": 13,
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [
     {
      "name": "stdout",
      "output_type": "stream",
      "text": [
       "              text/plain : PlainTextFormatter\n",
       "               text/html : HTMLFormatter\n",
       "           text/markdown : MarkdownFormatter\n",
       "           image/svg+xml : SVGFormatter\n",
       "               image/png : PNGFormatter\n",
       "         application/pdf : PDFFormatter\n",
       "              image/jpeg : JPEGFormatter\n",
       "              text/latex : LatexFormatter\n",
       "        application/json : JSONFormatter\n",
       "  application/javascript : JavascriptFormatter\n"
      ]
     }
    ],
    "source": [
     "ip = get_ipython()\n",
     "for mime, formatter in ip.display_formatter.formatters.items():\n",
     "    print('%24s : %s' % (mime, formatter.__class__.__name__))"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
     "The `formatters` attribute is a dictionary keyed by MIME types. To define a custom LaTeX display function, you want a handle on the `text/latex` formatter:"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": 14,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": true
    },
    "outputs": [],
    "source": [
     "ip = get_ipython()\n",
     "latex_f = ip.display_formatter.formatters['text/latex']"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
     "The formatter object has a couple of methods for registering custom display functions for existing types."
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": 15,
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [
     {
      "name": "stdout",
      "output_type": "stream",
      "text": [
       "Help on method for_type in module IPython.core.formatters:\n",
       "\n",
       "for_type(typ, func=None) method of IPython.core.formatters.LatexFormatter instance\n",
       "    Add a format function for a given type.\n",
       "    \n",
       "    Parameters\n",
       "    -----------\n",
       "    typ : type or '__module__.__name__' string for a type\n",
       "        The class of the object that will be formatted using `func`.\n",
       "    func : callable\n",
       "        A callable for computing the format data.\n",
       "        `func` will be called with the object to be formatted,\n",
       "        and will return the raw data in this formatter's format.\n",
       "        Subclasses may use a different call signature for the\n",
       "        `func` argument.\n",
       "        \n",
       "        If `func` is None or not specified, there will be no change,\n",
       "        only returning the current value.\n",
       "    \n",
       "    Returns\n",
       "    -------\n",
       "    oldfunc : callable\n",
       "        The currently registered callable.\n",
       "        If you are registering a new formatter,\n",
       "        this will be the previous value (to enable restoring later).\n",
       "\n"
      ]
     }
    ],
    "source": [
     "help(latex_f.for_type)"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": 16,
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [
     {
      "name": "stdout",
      "output_type": "stream",
      "text": [
       "Help on method for_type_by_name in module IPython.core.formatters:\n",
       "\n",
       "for_type_by_name(type_module, type_name, func=None) method of IPython.core.formatters.LatexFormatter instance\n",
       "    Add a format function for a type specified by the full dotted\n",
       "    module and name of the type, rather than the type of the object.\n",
       "    \n",
       "    Parameters\n",
       "    ----------\n",
       "    type_module : str\n",
       "        The full dotted name of the module the type is defined in, like\n",
       "        ``numpy``.\n",
       "    type_name : str\n",
       "        The name of the type (the class name), like ``dtype``\n",
       "    func : callable\n",
       "        A callable for computing the format data.\n",
       "        `func` will be called with the object to be formatted,\n",
       "        and will return the raw data in this formatter's format.\n",
       "        Subclasses may use a different call signature for the\n",
       "        `func` argument.\n",
       "        \n",
       "        If `func` is None or unspecified, there will be no change,\n",
       "        only returning the current value.\n",
       "    \n",
       "    Returns\n",
       "    -------\n",
       "    oldfunc : callable\n",
       "        The currently registered callable.\n",
       "        If you are registering a new formatter,\n",
       "        this will be the previous value (to enable restoring later).\n",
       "\n"
      ]
     }
    ],
    "source": [
     "help(latex_f.for_type_by_name)"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
     "In this case, we will use `for_type_by_name` to register `poly_to_latex` as the display function for the `Polynomial` type:"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": 17,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": true
    },
    "outputs": [],
    "source": [
     "latex_f.for_type_by_name('numpy.polynomial.polynomial',\n",
     "                                 'Polynomial', poly_to_latex)"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
     "Once the custom display function has been registered, all NumPy `Polynomial` instances will be represented by their LaTeX form instead:"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": 18,
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [
     {
      "data": {
       "text/latex": [
        "$P(x)=1+2 x+3 x^2$, $x \\in [-10,\\ 10]$"
       ],
       "text/plain": [
        "Polynomial([ 1.,  2.,  3.], [-10.,  10.], [-1,  1])"
       ]
      },
      "execution_count": 18,
      "metadata": {},
      "output_type": "execute_result"
     }
    ],
    "source": [
     "p"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": 19,
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [
     {
      "data": {
       "text/latex": [
        "$P(x)=-20+71 x+-15 x^2+x^3$, $x \\in [-1,\\ 1]$"
       ],
       "text/plain": [
        "Polynomial([-20.,  71., -15.,   1.], [-1,  1], [-1,  1])"
       ]
      },
      "execution_count": 19,
      "metadata": {},
      "output_type": "execute_result"
     }
    ],
    "source": [
     "p2 = np.polynomial.Polynomial([-20, 71, -15, 1])\n",
     "p2"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
     "## Custom Mimetypes with `_repr_mimebundle_`\n",
     "\n",
     "Available on IPython 5.4+ and 6.1+.\n",
     "\n",
     "For objects needing full control over the `repr` protocol may decide to implement the `_repr_mimebundle_(include, exclude)` method.\n",
     "Unlike the other `_repr_*_` methods must return many representation of the object in a mapping object which keys are _mimetypes_ and value are associated data. The `_repr_mimebundle_()` method, may also return a second mapping from _mimetypes_ to metadata. \n",
     "\n",
     "Example:"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": 20,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": true
    },
    "outputs": [],
    "source": [
     "class Gaussian(object):\n",
     "    \"\"\"A simple object holding data sampled from a Gaussian distribution.\n",
     "    \"\"\"\n",
     "    def __init__(self, mean=0.0, std=1, size=1000):\n",
     "        self.data = np.random.normal(mean, std, size)\n",
     "        self.mean = mean\n",
     "        self.std = std\n",
     "        self.size = size\n",
     "        # For caching plots that may be expensive to compute\n",
     "        self._png_data = None\n",
     "        \n",
     "    def _figure_data(self, format):\n",
     "        fig, ax = plt.subplots()\n",
     "        ax.hist(self.data, bins=50)\n",
     "        ax.set_xlim(-10.0,10.0)\n",
     "        data = print_figure(fig, format)\n",
     "        # We MUST close the figure, otherwise IPython's display machinery\n",
     "        # will pick it up and send it as output, resulting in a double display\n",
     "        plt.close(fig)\n",
     "        return data\n",
     "    \n",
     "    def _compute_mathml(self):\n",
     "        return \"\"\"\n",
     "        <math xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\">\n",
     "          <mrow class=\"MJX-TeXAtom-ORD\">\n",
     "            <mi class=\"MJX-tex-caligraphic\" mathvariant=\"script\">N</mi>\n",
     "          </mrow>\n",
     "          <mo stretchy=\"false\">(</mo>\n",
     "          <mi>&#x03BC;<!-- μ --></mi>\n",
     "          <mo>=</mo>\n",
     "          <mn>{mu}</mn>\n",
     "          <mo>,</mo>\n",
     "          <mi>&#x03C3;<!-- σ --></mi>\n",
     "          <mo>=</mo>\n",
     "          <mn>{sigma}</mn>\n",
     "          <mo stretchy=\"false\">)</mo>\n",
     "          <mo>,</mo>\n",
     "          <mtext>&#xA0;</mtext>\n",
     "          <mi>N</mi>\n",
     "          <mo>=</mo>\n",
     "          <mn>{N}</mn>\n",
     "        </math>\n",
     "        \"\"\".format(N=self.size, mu=self.mean, sigma=self.std)\n",
     "        \n",
     "    def _repr_mimebundle_(self, include, exclude, **kwargs):\n",
     "        \"\"\"\n",
     "        repr_mimebundle shoudl accept include, exclude and **kwargs\n",
     "        \"\"\"\n",
     "        if self._png_data is None:\n",
     "            self._png_data = self._figure_data('png')\n",
     "        math = r'$\\mathcal{N}(\\mu=%.2g, \\sigma=%.2g),\\ N=%d$' % (self.mean,\n",
     "                                                                 self.std, self.size)\n",
     "        data = {'image/png':self._png_data,\n",
     "                'text/latex':math,\n",
     "                'application/mathml+xml': self._compute_mathml()\n",
     "                }\n",
     "        if include:\n",
     "            data = {k:v for (k,v) in data.items() if k in include}\n",
     "        if exclude:\n",
     "            data = {k:v for (k,v) in data.items() if k not in exclude}\n",
     "        return data"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": 21,
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [
     {
      "data": {
       "application/mathml+xml": "\n        <math xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\">\n          <mrow class=\"MJX-TeXAtom-ORD\">\n            <mi class=\"MJX-tex-caligraphic\" mathvariant=\"script\">N</mi>\n          </mrow>\n          <mo stretchy=\"false\">(</mo>\n          <mi>&#x03BC;<!-- μ --></mi>\n          <mo>=</mo>\n          <mn>0.0</mn>\n          <mo>,</mo>\n          <mi>&#x03C3;<!-- σ --></mi>\n          <mo>=</mo>\n          <mn>1</mn>\n          <mo stretchy=\"false\">)</mo>\n          <mo>,</mo>\n          <mtext>&#xA0;</mtext>\n          <mi>N</mi>\n          <mo>=</mo>\n          <mn>1000</mn>\n        </math>\n        ",
       "image/png": 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uesPj7av3nn1VHaiq+4Y8tRX4UFV9t6r+FbifwS0Xvi9JgJcA13eLdgOX913jUrr9vx74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\nDfgfS9fLKUqMYTsAAAAASUVORK5CYII=\n",
       "text/latex": [
        "$\\mathcal{N}(\\mu=0, \\sigma=1),\\ N=1000$"
       ],
       "text/plain": [
        "<__main__.Gaussian at 0x11a614e80>"
       ]
      },
      "metadata": {},
      "output_type": "display_data"
     }
    ],
    "source": [
     "# that is deffinitively wrong as it shoudl show the PNG. \n",
     "display(Gaussian())"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
-    "In the above example, the 3 mimetypes are embeded in the notebook document this allowing custom extensions and converters to display the representation(s) of their choice.\n",
+    "In the above example, the 3 mimetypes are embedded in the notebook document this allowing custom extensions and converters to display the representation(s) of their choice.\n",
     "\n",
     "For example, converting this noetebook to _epub_ may decide to use the MathML representation as most ebook reader cannot run mathjax (unlike browsers). \n",
     "\n",
     "\n",
     "### Implementation guidelines\n",
     "\n",
     "The `_repr_mimebundle_` methods is also given two keywords parameters :  `include` and `exclude`. Each can be a  containers (e.g.:`list`, `set` ...) of mimetypes to return or `None`, This allows implementation to avoid computing potentially unnecessary and expensive mimetypes representations. \n",
     "\n",
     "When `include` is non-empty (empty `list` or None), `_repr_mimebundle_` may decide to returns only the mimetypes in include.\n",
     "When `exclude` is non-empty, `_repr_mimebundle_` may decide to not return any mimetype in exclude. \n",
     "If both `include` and `exclude` and overlap, mimetypes present in exclude may not be returned. \n",
     "\n",
     "If implementations decide to ignore the `include` and `exclude` logic and always returns a full mimebundles, the IPython kernel will take care of removing non-desired representations.\n",
     "\n",
     "The `_repr_mimebundle_` method should accept arbitrary keyword arguments for future compatiility.\n"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": 22,
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [
     {
      "data": {
       "text/latex": [
        "$\\mathcal{N}(\\mu=0, \\sigma=1),\\ N=1000$"
       ]
      },
      "metadata": {},
      "output_type": "display_data"
     }
    ],
    "source": [
     "display(Gaussian(), include={'text/latex'}) # only show latex"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": 23,
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [
     {
      "data": {
       "application/mathml+xml": "\n        <math xmlns=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\">\n          <mrow class=\"MJX-TeXAtom-ORD\">\n            <mi class=\"MJX-tex-caligraphic\" mathvariant=\"script\">N</mi>\n          </mrow>\n          <mo stretchy=\"false\">(</mo>\n          <mi>&#x03BC;<!-- μ --></mi>\n          <mo>=</mo>\n          <mn>0.0</mn>\n          <mo>,</mo>\n          <mi>&#x03C3;<!-- σ --></mi>\n          <mo>=</mo>\n          <mn>1</mn>\n          <mo stretchy=\"false\">)</mo>\n          <mo>,</mo>\n          <mtext>&#xA0;</mtext>\n          <mi>N</mi>\n          <mo>=</mo>\n          <mn>1000</mn>\n        </math>\n        ",
       "text/latex": [
        "$\\mathcal{N}(\\mu=0, \\sigma=1),\\ N=1000$"
       ],
       "text/plain": [
        "<__main__.Gaussian at 0x116fe7550>"
       ]
      },
      "metadata": {},
      "output_type": "display_data"
     }
    ],
    "source": [
     "display(Gaussian(), exclude={'image/png'}) # exclude png"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": 24,
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [
     {
      "data": {
       "text/plain": [
        "<__main__.Gaussian at 0x11a8a0b38>"
       ]
      },
      "metadata": {},
      "output_type": "display_data"
     }
    ],
    "source": [
     "display(Gaussian(), include={'text/plain', 'image/png'}, exclude={'image/png'}) # keep only plain/text"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
     "## More complex display with `_ipython_display_`"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "markdown",
    "metadata": {},
    "source": [
     "Rich output special methods and functions can only display one object or MIME type at a time. Sometimes this is not enough if you want to display multiple objects or MIME types at once. An example of this would be to use an HTML representation to put some HTML elements in the DOM and then use a JavaScript representation to add events to those elements.\n",
     "\n",
     "**IPython 2.0** recognizes another display method, `_ipython_display_`, which allows your objects to take complete control of displaying themselves. If this method is defined, IPython will call it, and make no effort to display the object using the above described `_repr_*_` methods for custom display functions. It's a way for you to say \"Back off, IPython, I can display this myself.\" Most importantly, your `_ipython_display_` method can make multiple calls to the top-level `display` functions to accomplish its goals.\n",
     "\n",
     "Here is an object that uses `display_html` and `display_javascript` to make a plot using the [Flot](http://www.flotcharts.org/) JavaScript plotting library:"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": 25,
    "metadata": {
     "collapsed": true
    },
    "outputs": [],
    "source": [
     "import json\n",
     "import uuid\n",
     "from IPython.display import display_javascript, display_html, display\n",
     "\n",
     "class FlotPlot(object):\n",
     "    def __init__(self, x, y):\n",
     "        self.x = x\n",
     "        self.y = y\n",
     "        self.uuid = str(uuid.uuid4())\n",
     "    \n",
     "    def _ipython_display_(self):\n",
     "        json_data = json.dumps(list(zip(self.x, self.y)))\n",
     "        display_html('<div id=\"{}\" style=\"height: 300px; width:80%;\"></div>'.format(self.uuid),\n",
     "            raw=True\n",
     "        )\n",
     "        display_javascript(\"\"\"\n",
     "        require([\"//cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/flot/0.8.2/jquery.flot.min.js\"], function() {\n",
     "          var line = JSON.parse(\"%s\");\n",
     "          console.log(line);\n",
     "          $.plot(\"#%s\", [line]);\n",
     "        });\n",
     "        \"\"\" % (json_data, self.uuid), raw=True)\n"
    ]
   },
   {
    "cell_type": "code",
    "execution_count": 26,
    "metadata": {},
    "outputs": [
     {
      "data": {
       "text/html": [
        "<div id=\"c6929609-3cb6-4443-9574-d9f71791a987\" style=\"height: 300px; width:80%;\"></div>"
       ]
      },
      "metadata": {},
      "output_type": "display_data"
     },
     {
      "data": {
       "application/javascript": [
        "\n",
        "        require([\"//cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/flot/0.8.2/jquery.flot.min.js\"], function() {\n",
        "          var line = JSON.parse(\"[[0.0, 0.0], [0.20408163265306123, 0.20266793654820095], [0.40816326530612246, 0.39692414892492234], [0.6122448979591837, 0.5747060412161791], [0.8163265306122449, 0.7286347834693503], [1.0204081632653061, 0.8523215697196184], [1.2244897959183674, 0.9406327851124867], [1.4285714285714286, 0.9899030763721239], [1.6326530612244898, 0.9980874821347183], [1.836734693877551, 0.9648463089837632], [2.0408163265306123, 0.8915592304110037], [2.2448979591836737, 0.7812680235262639], [2.4489795918367347, 0.6385503202266021], [2.6530612244897958, 0.469329612777201], [2.857142857142857, 0.28062939951435684], [3.0612244897959187, 0.0802816748428135], [3.2653061224489797, -0.12339813736217871], [3.4693877551020407, -0.3219563150726187], [3.673469387755102, -0.5071517094845144], [3.8775510204081636, -0.6712977935519321], [4.081632653061225, -0.8075816909683364], [4.285714285714286, -0.9103469443107828], [4.4897959183673475, -0.9753282860670456], [4.6938775510204085, -0.9998286683840896], [4.8979591836734695, -0.9828312039256306], [5.1020408163265305, -0.9250413717382029], [5.3061224489795915, -0.8288577363730427], [5.510204081632653, -0.6982723955653996], [5.714285714285714, -0.5387052883861563], [5.918367346938775, -0.35677924089893803], [6.122448979591837, -0.16004508604325057], [6.326530612244898, 0.04333173336868346], [6.530612244897959, 0.2449100710119793], [6.73469387755102, 0.4363234264718193], [6.938775510204081, 0.6096271964908323], [7.142857142857143, 0.7576284153927202], [7.346938775510204, 0.8741842988197335], [7.551020408163265, 0.9544571997387519], [7.755102040816327, 0.9951153947776636], [7.959183673469388, 0.9944713672636168], [8.16326530612245, 0.9525518475314604], [8.36734693877551, 0.8710967034823207], [8.571428571428571, 0.7534867274396376], [8.775510204081632, 0.6046033165061543], [8.979591836734695, 0.43062587038273736], [9.183673469387756, 0.23877531564403087], [9.387755102040817, 0.03701440148506237], [9.591836734693878, -0.1662827938487564], [9.795918367346939, -0.3626784288265488], [10.0, -0.5440211108893699]]\");\n",
        "          console.log(line);\n",
        "          $.plot(\"#c6929609-3cb6-4443-9574-d9f71791a987\", [line]);\n",
        "        });\n",
        "        "
       ]
      },
      "metadata": {},
      "output_type": "display_data"
     }
    ],
    "source": [
     "import numpy as np\n",
     "x = np.linspace(0,10)\n",
     "y = np.sin(x)\n",
     "FlotPlot(x, np.sin(x))"
    ]
   }
  ],
  "metadata": {
   "kernelspec": {
    "display_name": "Python 3",
    "language": "python",
    "name": "python3"
   },
   "language_info": {
    "codemirror_mode": {
     "name": "ipython",
     "version": 3
    },
    "file_extension": ".py",
    "mimetype": "text/x-python",
    "name": "python",
    "nbconvert_exporter": "python",
    "pygments_lexer": "ipython3",
    "version": "3.6.0"
   }
  },
  "nbformat": 4,
  "nbformat_minor": 1
 }