Start describing how IPython works

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docs/source/development/how_ipython_works.rst

@@ -0,0 +1,56 b''
+How IPython Works
+=================
+
+Terminal IPython
+----------------
+
+When you type ``ipython``, you get the original IPython interface, running in
+the terminal. It does something like this::
+
+    while True:
+        code = input(">>> ")
+        exec(code)
+
+Of course, it's much more complicated, because it has to deal with multi-line
+code, tab completion using :mod:`readline`, magic commands, and so on. But the
+model is like that: prompt the user for some code, and when they've entered it,
+exec it in the same process.
+
+The IPython Kernel
+------------------
+
+All the other interfaces—the Notebook, the Qt console, ``ipython console`` in
+the terminal, and third party interfaces—use the IPython Kernel. This is a
+separate process which is responsible for running user code, and things like
+computing possible completions. Frontends communicate with it using JSON
+messages sent over ZeroMQ sockets; the protocol they use is described in
+:doc:`messaging`.
+
+The core execution machinery for the kernel is shared with terminal IPython:
+
+.. image:: figs/ipy_kernel_and_terminal.png
+
+A kernel process can be connected to more than one frontend simultaneously. In
+this case, the different frontends will have access to the same variables.
+
+.. TODO: Diagram illustrating this?
+
+This design was intended to allow easy development of different frontends based
+on the same kernel, but it also made it possible to support new languages in the
+same frontends, by developing kernels in those languages, and we are refining
+IPython to make that more practical.
+
+Today, there are two ways to develop a kernel for another language. Wrapper
+kernels reuse the communications machinery from IPython, and implement only the
+core execution part. Native kernels implement execution and communications in
+the target language:
+
+.. image:: figs/other_kernels.png
+
+.. seealso::
+
+   :doc:`kernels`
+   
+   :doc:`wrapperkernels`
+
+