Refactor prompt handling into new prompt manager.

IPython/core/displayhook.py

@@ -1,329 +1,265 b''
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 """Displayhook for IPython.
 
 This defines a callable class that IPython uses for `sys.displayhook`.
 
 Authors:
 
 * Fernando Perez
 * Brian Granger
 * Robert Kern
 """
 
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 #       Copyright (C) 2008-2011 The IPython Development Team
 #       Copyright (C) 2001-2007 Fernando Perez <[e-mail]>
 #
 #  Distributed under the terms of the BSD License.  The full license is in
 #  the file COPYING, distributed as part of this software.
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Imports
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 import __builtin__
 
 from IPython.config.configurable import Configurable
-from IPython.core import prompts
 from IPython.utils import io
 from IPython.utils.traitlets import Instance, List
 from IPython.utils.warn import warn
 
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Main displayhook class
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-# TODO: The DisplayHook class should be split into two classes, one that
-# manages the prompts and their synchronization and another that just does the
-# displayhook logic and calls into the prompt manager.
-
-# TODO: Move the various attributes (cache_size, colors, input_sep,
-# output_sep, output_sep2, ps1, ps2, ps_out, pad_left). Some of these are also
-# attributes of InteractiveShell. They should be on ONE object only and the
-# other objects should ask that one object for their values.
+# TODO: Move the various attributes (cache_size, [others now moved]). Some
+# of these are also attributes of InteractiveShell. They should be on ONE object
+# only and the other objects should ask that one object for their values.
 
 class DisplayHook(Configurable):
     """The custom IPython displayhook to replace sys.displayhook.
 
     This class does many things, but the basic idea is that it is a callable
     that gets called anytime user code returns a value.
-
-    Currently this class does more than just the displayhook logic and that
-    extra logic should eventually be moved out of here.
     """
 
     shell = Instance('IPython.core.interactiveshell.InteractiveShellABC')
 
-    def __init__(self, shell=None, cache_size=1000,
-                 colors='NoColor', input_sep='\n',
-                 output_sep='\n', output_sep2='',
-                 ps1 = None, ps2 = None, ps_out = None, pad_left=True,
-                 config=None):
+    def __init__(self, shell=None, cache_size=1000, config=None):
         super(DisplayHook, self).__init__(shell=shell, config=config)
 
         cache_size_min = 3
         if cache_size <= 0:
             self.do_full_cache = 0
             cache_size = 0
         elif cache_size < cache_size_min:
             self.do_full_cache = 0
             cache_size = 0
             warn('caching was disabled (min value for cache size is %s).' %
                  cache_size_min,level=3)
         else:
             self.do_full_cache = 1
 
         self.cache_size = cache_size
-        self.input_sep = input_sep
 
         # we need a reference to the user-level namespace
         self.shell = shell
-
-        # Set input prompt strings and colors
-        if cache_size == 0:
-            if ps1.find('%n') > -1 or ps1.find(r'\#') > -1 \
-                   or ps1.find(r'\N') > -1:
-                ps1 = '>>> '
-            if ps2.find('%n') > -1 or ps2.find(r'\#') > -1 \
-                   or ps2.find(r'\N') > -1:
-                ps2 = '... '
-        self.ps1_str = self._set_prompt_str(ps1,'In [\\#]: ','>>> ')
-        self.ps2_str = self._set_prompt_str(ps2,'   .\\D.: ','... ')
-        self.ps_out_str = self._set_prompt_str(ps_out,'Out[\\#]: ','')
-
-        self.color_table = prompts.PromptColors
-        self.prompt1 = prompts.Prompt1(self,sep=input_sep,prompt=self.ps1_str,
-                               pad_left=pad_left)
-        self.prompt2 = prompts.Prompt2(self,prompt=self.ps2_str,pad_left=pad_left)
-        self.prompt_out = prompts.PromptOut(self,sep='',prompt=self.ps_out_str,
-                                    pad_left=pad_left)
-        self.set_colors(colors)
-
-        # Store the last prompt string each time, we need it for aligning
-        # continuation and auto-rewrite prompts
-        self.last_prompt = ''
-        self.output_sep = output_sep
-        self.output_sep2 = output_sep2
+        
         self._,self.__,self.___ = '','',''
 
         # these are deliberately global:
         to_user_ns = {'_':self._,'__':self.__,'___':self.___}
         self.shell.user_ns.update(to_user_ns)
 
     @property
     def prompt_count(self):
         return self.shell.execution_count
 
-    def _set_prompt_str(self,p_str,cache_def,no_cache_def):
-        if p_str is None:
-            if self.do_full_cache:
-                return cache_def
-            else:
-                return no_cache_def
-        else:
-            return p_str
-
-    def set_colors(self, colors):
-        """Set the active color scheme and configure colors for the three
-        prompt subsystems."""
-
-        # FIXME: This modifying of the global prompts.prompt_specials needs
-        # to be fixed. We need to refactor all of the prompts stuff to use
-        # proper configuration and traits notifications.
-        if colors.lower()=='nocolor':
-            prompts.prompt_specials = prompts.prompt_specials_nocolor
-        else:
-            prompts.prompt_specials = prompts.prompt_specials_color
-
-        self.color_table.set_active_scheme(colors)
-        self.prompt1.set_colors()
-        self.prompt2.set_colors()
-        self.prompt_out.set_colors()
-
     #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
     # Methods used in __call__. Override these methods to modify the behavior
     # of the displayhook.
     #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
     def check_for_underscore(self):
         """Check if the user has set the '_' variable by hand."""
         # If something injected a '_' variable in __builtin__, delete
         # ipython's automatic one so we don't clobber that.  gettext() in
         # particular uses _, so we need to stay away from it.
         if '_' in __builtin__.__dict__:
             try:
                 del self.shell.user_ns['_']
             except KeyError:
                 pass
 
     def quiet(self):
         """Should we silence the display hook because of ';'?"""
         # do not print output if input ends in ';'
         try:
             cell = self.shell.history_manager.input_hist_parsed[self.prompt_count]
             if cell.rstrip().endswith(';'):
                 return True
         except IndexError:
             # some uses of ipshellembed may fail here
             pass
         return False
 
     def start_displayhook(self):
         """Start the displayhook, initializing resources."""
         pass
 
     def write_output_prompt(self):
         """Write the output prompt.
 
         The default implementation simply writes the prompt to
         ``io.stdout``.
         """
         # Use write, not print which adds an extra space.
-        io.stdout.write(self.output_sep)
-        outprompt = str(self.prompt_out)
+        io.stdout.write(self.shell.separate_out)
+        outprompt = self.shell.prompt_manager.render('out')
         if self.do_full_cache:
             io.stdout.write(outprompt)
 
     def compute_format_data(self, result):
         """Compute format data of the object to be displayed.
 
         The format data is a generalization of the :func:`repr` of an object.
         In the default implementation the format data is a :class:`dict` of
         key value pair where the keys are valid MIME types and the values
         are JSON'able data structure containing the raw data for that MIME
         type. It is up to frontends to determine pick a MIME to to use and
         display that data in an appropriate manner.
 
         This method only computes the format data for the object and should
         NOT actually print or write that to a stream.
 
         Parameters
         ----------
         result : object
             The Python object passed to the display hook, whose format will be
             computed.
 
         Returns
         -------
         format_data : dict
             A :class:`dict` whose keys are valid MIME types and values are
             JSON'able raw data for that MIME type. It is recommended that
             all return values of this should always include the "text/plain"
             MIME type representation of the object.
         """
         return self.shell.display_formatter.format(result)
 
     def write_format_data(self, format_dict):
         """Write the format data dict to the frontend.
 
         This default version of this method simply writes the plain text
         representation of the object to ``io.stdout``. Subclasses should
         override this method to send the entire `format_dict` to the
         frontends.
 
         Parameters
         ----------
         format_dict : dict
             The format dict for the object passed to `sys.displayhook`.
         """
         # We want to print because we want to always make sure we have a
         # newline, even if all the prompt separators are ''. This is the
         # standard IPython behavior.
         result_repr = format_dict['text/plain']
         if '\n' in result_repr:
             # So that multi-line strings line up with the left column of
             # the screen, instead of having the output prompt mess up
             # their first line.
-            # We use the ps_out_str template instead of the expanded prompt
+            # We use the prompt template instead of the expanded prompt
             # because the expansion may add ANSI escapes that will interfere
             # with our ability to determine whether or not we should add
             # a newline.
-            if self.ps_out_str and not self.ps_out_str.endswith('\n'):
+            prompt_template = self.shell.prompt_manager.out_template
+            if prompt_template and not prompt_template.endswith('\n'):
                 # But avoid extraneous empty lines.
                 result_repr = '\n' + result_repr
 
         print >>io.stdout, result_repr
 
     def update_user_ns(self, result):
         """Update user_ns with various things like _, __, _1, etc."""
 
         # Avoid recursive reference when displaying _oh/Out
         if result is not self.shell.user_ns['_oh']:
             if len(self.shell.user_ns['_oh']) >= self.cache_size and self.do_full_cache:
                 warn('Output cache limit (currently '+
                       `self.cache_size`+' entries) hit.\n'
                      'Flushing cache and resetting history counter...\n'
                      'The only history variables available will be _,__,___ and _1\n'
                      'with the current result.')
 
                 self.flush()
             # Don't overwrite '_' and friends if '_' is in __builtin__ (otherwise
             # we cause buggy behavior for things like gettext).
 
             if '_' not in __builtin__.__dict__:
                 self.___ = self.__
                 self.__ = self._
                 self._ = result
                 self.shell.push({'_':self._,
                                  '__':self.__,
                                 '___':self.___}, interactive=False)
 
             # hackish access to top-level  namespace to create _1,_2... dynamically
             to_main = {}
             if self.do_full_cache:
                 new_result = '_'+`self.prompt_count`
                 to_main[new_result] = result
                 self.shell.push(to_main, interactive=False)
                 self.shell.user_ns['_oh'][self.prompt_count] = result
 
     def log_output(self, format_dict):
         """Log the output."""
         if self.shell.logger.log_output:
             self.shell.logger.log_write(format_dict['text/plain'], 'output')
         self.shell.history_manager.output_hist_reprs[self.prompt_count] = \
                                                     format_dict['text/plain']
 
     def finish_displayhook(self):
         """Finish up all displayhook activities."""
-        io.stdout.write(self.output_sep2)
+        io.stdout.write(self.shell.separate_out2)
         io.stdout.flush()
 
     def __call__(self, result=None):
         """Printing with history cache management.
 
         This is invoked everytime the interpreter needs to print, and is
         activated by setting the variable sys.displayhook to it.
         """
         self.check_for_underscore()
         if result is not None and not self.quiet():
             self.start_displayhook()
             self.write_output_prompt()
             format_dict = self.compute_format_data(result)
             self.write_format_data(format_dict)
             self.update_user_ns(result)
             self.log_output(format_dict)
             self.finish_displayhook()
 
     def flush(self):
         if not self.do_full_cache:
             raise ValueError,"You shouldn't have reached the cache flush "\
                   "if full caching is not enabled!"
         # delete auto-generated vars from global namespace
 
         for n in range(1,self.prompt_count + 1):
             key = '_'+`n`
             try:
                 del self.shell.user_ns[key]
             except: pass
         self.shell.user_ns['_oh'].clear()
 
         # Release our own references to objects:
         self._, self.__, self.___ = '', '', ''
 
         if '_' not in __builtin__.__dict__:
             self.shell.user_ns.update({'_':None,'__':None, '___':None})
         import gc
         # TODO: Is this really needed?
         gc.collect()
 

IPython/core/interactiveshell.py

@@ -1,2715 +1,2706 b''
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 """Main IPython class."""
 
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 #  Copyright (C) 2001 Janko Hauser <[e-mail]>
 #  Copyright (C) 2001-2007 Fernando Perez. <[e-mail]>
 #  Copyright (C) 2008-2011  The IPython Development Team
 #
 #  Distributed under the terms of the BSD License.  The full license is in
 #  the file COPYING, distributed as part of this software.
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Imports
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 from __future__ import with_statement
 from __future__ import absolute_import
 
 import __builtin__ as builtin_mod
 import __future__
 import abc
 import ast
 import atexit
 import codeop
 import inspect
 import os
 import re
 import sys
 import tempfile
 import types
 
 try:
     from contextlib import nested
 except:
     from IPython.utils.nested_context import nested
 
 from IPython.config.configurable import SingletonConfigurable
 from IPython.core import debugger, oinspect
 from IPython.core import history as ipcorehist
 from IPython.core import page
 from IPython.core import prefilter
 from IPython.core import shadowns
 from IPython.core import ultratb
 from IPython.core.alias import AliasManager, AliasError
 from IPython.core.autocall import ExitAutocall
 from IPython.core.builtin_trap import BuiltinTrap
 from IPython.core.compilerop import CachingCompiler
 from IPython.core.display_trap import DisplayTrap
 from IPython.core.displayhook import DisplayHook
 from IPython.core.displaypub import DisplayPublisher
 from IPython.core.error import TryNext, UsageError
 from IPython.core.extensions import ExtensionManager
 from IPython.core.fakemodule import FakeModule, init_fakemod_dict
 from IPython.core.formatters import DisplayFormatter
 from IPython.core.history import HistoryManager
 from IPython.core.inputsplitter import IPythonInputSplitter
 from IPython.core.logger import Logger
 from IPython.core.macro import Macro
 from IPython.core.magic import Magic
 from IPython.core.payload import PayloadManager
 from IPython.core.plugin import PluginManager
 from IPython.core.prefilter import PrefilterManager, ESC_MAGIC
 from IPython.core.profiledir import ProfileDir
 from IPython.core.pylabtools import pylab_activate
+from IPython.core.prompts import PromptManager
 from IPython.external.Itpl import ItplNS
 from IPython.utils import PyColorize
 from IPython.utils import io
 from IPython.utils import py3compat
 from IPython.utils.doctestreload import doctest_reload
 from IPython.utils.io import ask_yes_no, rprint
 from IPython.utils.ipstruct import Struct
 from IPython.utils.path import get_home_dir, get_ipython_dir, HomeDirError
 from IPython.utils.pickleshare import PickleShareDB
 from IPython.utils.process import system, getoutput
 from IPython.utils.strdispatch import StrDispatch
 from IPython.utils.syspathcontext import prepended_to_syspath
 from IPython.utils.text import (num_ini_spaces, format_screen, LSString, SList,
                                 DollarFormatter)
 from IPython.utils.traitlets import (Integer, CBool, CaselessStrEnum, Enum,
                                      List, Unicode, Instance, Type)
 from IPython.utils.warn import warn, error, fatal
 import IPython.core.hooks
 
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Globals
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 # compiled regexps for autoindent management
 dedent_re = re.compile(r'^\s+raise|^\s+return|^\s+pass')
 
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Utilities
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 def softspace(file, newvalue):
     """Copied from code.py, to remove the dependency"""
 
     oldvalue = 0
     try:
         oldvalue = file.softspace
     except AttributeError:
         pass
     try:
         file.softspace = newvalue
     except (AttributeError, TypeError):
         # "attribute-less object" or "read-only attributes"
         pass
     return oldvalue
 
 
 def no_op(*a, **kw): pass
 
 class NoOpContext(object):
     def __enter__(self): pass
     def __exit__(self, type, value, traceback): pass
 no_op_context = NoOpContext()
 
 class SpaceInInput(Exception): pass
 
 class Bunch: pass
 
 
 def get_default_colors():
     if sys.platform=='darwin':
         return "LightBG"
     elif os.name=='nt':
         return 'Linux'
     else:
         return 'Linux'
 
 
 class SeparateUnicode(Unicode):
     """A Unicode subclass to validate separate_in, separate_out, etc.
 
     This is a Unicode based trait that converts '0'->'' and '\\n'->'\n'.
     """
 
     def validate(self, obj, value):
         if value == '0': value = ''
         value = value.replace('\\n','\n')
         return super(SeparateUnicode, self).validate(obj, value)
 
 
 class ReadlineNoRecord(object):
     """Context manager to execute some code, then reload readline history
     so that interactive input to the code doesn't appear when pressing up."""
     def __init__(self, shell):
         self.shell = shell
         self._nested_level = 0
 
     def __enter__(self):
         if self._nested_level == 0:
             try:
                 self.orig_length = self.current_length()
                 self.readline_tail = self.get_readline_tail()
             except (AttributeError, IndexError):   # Can fail with pyreadline
                 self.orig_length, self.readline_tail = 999999, []
         self._nested_level += 1
 
     def __exit__(self, type, value, traceback):
         self._nested_level -= 1
         if self._nested_level == 0:
             # Try clipping the end if it's got longer
             try:
                 e = self.current_length() - self.orig_length
                 if e > 0:
                     for _ in range(e):
                         self.shell.readline.remove_history_item(self.orig_length)
 
                 # If it still doesn't match, just reload readline history.
                 if self.current_length() != self.orig_length \
                     or self.get_readline_tail() != self.readline_tail:
                     self.shell.refill_readline_hist()
             except (AttributeError, IndexError):
                 pass
         # Returning False will cause exceptions to propagate
         return False
 
     def current_length(self):
         return self.shell.readline.get_current_history_length()
 
     def get_readline_tail(self, n=10):
         """Get the last n items in readline history."""
         end = self.shell.readline.get_current_history_length() + 1
         start = max(end-n, 1)
         ghi = self.shell.readline.get_history_item
         return [ghi(x) for x in range(start, end)]
 
 
 _autocall_help = """
 Make IPython automatically call any callable object even if
 you didn't type explicit parentheses. For example, 'str 43' becomes 'str(43)'
 automatically. The value can be '0' to disable the feature, '1' for 'smart'
 autocall, where it is not applied if there are no more arguments on the line,
 and '2' for 'full' autocall, where all callable objects are automatically
 called (even if no arguments are present). The default is '1'.
 """
 
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Main IPython class
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 class InteractiveShell(SingletonConfigurable, Magic):
     """An enhanced, interactive shell for Python."""
 
     _instance = None
 
     autocall = Enum((0,1,2), default_value=1, config=True, help=
         """
         Make IPython automatically call any callable object even if you didn't
         type explicit parentheses. For example, 'str 43' becomes 'str(43)'
         automatically. The value can be '0' to disable the feature, '1' for
         'smart' autocall, where it is not applied if there are no more
         arguments on the line, and '2' for 'full' autocall, where all callable
         objects are automatically called (even if no arguments are present).
         The default is '1'.
         """
     )
     # TODO: remove all autoindent logic and put into frontends.
     # We can't do this yet because even runlines uses the autoindent.
     autoindent = CBool(True, config=True, help=
         """
         Autoindent IPython code entered interactively.
         """
     )
     automagic = CBool(True, config=True, help=
         """
         Enable magic commands to be called without the leading %.
         """
     )
     cache_size = Integer(1000, config=True, help=
         """
         Set the size of the output cache.  The default is 1000, you can
         change it permanently in your config file.  Setting it to 0 completely
         disables the caching system, and the minimum value accepted is 20 (if
         you provide a value less than 20, it is reset to 0 and a warning is
         issued).  This limit is defined because otherwise you'll spend more
         time re-flushing a too small cache than working
         """
     )
     color_info = CBool(True, config=True, help=
         """
         Use colors for displaying information about objects. Because this
         information is passed through a pager (like 'less'), and some pagers
         get confused with color codes, this capability can be turned off.
         """
     )
     colors = CaselessStrEnum(('NoColor','LightBG','Linux'),
                              default_value=get_default_colors(), config=True,
         help="Set the color scheme (NoColor, Linux, or LightBG)."
     )
     colors_force = CBool(False, help=
         """
         Force use of ANSI color codes, regardless of OS and readline
         availability.
         """
         # FIXME: This is essentially a hack to allow ZMQShell to show colors
         # without readline on Win32. When the ZMQ formatting system is
         # refactored, this should be removed.
     )
     debug = CBool(False, config=True)
     deep_reload = CBool(False, config=True, help=
         """
         Enable deep (recursive) reloading by default. IPython can use the
         deep_reload module which reloads changes in modules recursively (it
         replaces the reload() function, so you don't need to change anything to
         use it). deep_reload() forces a full reload of modules whose code may
         have changed, which the default reload() function does not.  When
         deep_reload is off, IPython will use the normal reload(), but
         deep_reload will still be available as dreload().
         """
     )
     display_formatter = Instance(DisplayFormatter)
     displayhook_class = Type(DisplayHook)
     display_pub_class = Type(DisplayPublisher)
 
     exit_now = CBool(False)
     exiter = Instance(ExitAutocall)
     def _exiter_default(self):
         return ExitAutocall(self)
     # Monotonically increasing execution counter
     execution_count = Integer(1)
     filename = Unicode("<ipython console>")
     ipython_dir= Unicode('', config=True) # Set to get_ipython_dir() in __init__
 
     # Input splitter, to split entire cells of input into either individual
     # interactive statements or whole blocks.
     input_splitter = Instance('IPython.core.inputsplitter.IPythonInputSplitter',
                               (), {})
     logstart = CBool(False, config=True, help=
         """
         Start logging to the default log file.
         """
     )
     logfile = Unicode('', config=True, help=
         """
         The name of the logfile to use.
         """
     )
     logappend = Unicode('', config=True, help=
         """
         Start logging to the given file in append mode.
         """
     )
     object_info_string_level = Enum((0,1,2), default_value=0,
                                     config=True)
     pdb = CBool(False, config=True, help=
         """
         Automatically call the pdb debugger after every exception.
         """
     )
     multiline_history = CBool(sys.platform != 'win32', config=True,
         help="Save multi-line entries as one entry in readline history"
     )
 
     prompt_in1 = Unicode('In [\\#]: ', config=True)
     prompt_in2 = Unicode('   .\\D.: ', config=True)
     prompt_out = Unicode('Out[\\#]: ', config=True)
     prompts_pad_left = CBool(True, config=True)
     quiet = CBool(False, config=True)
 
     history_length = Integer(10000, config=True)
 
     # The readline stuff will eventually be moved to the terminal subclass
     # but for now, we can't do that as readline is welded in everywhere.
     readline_use = CBool(True, config=True)
     readline_remove_delims = Unicode('-/~', config=True)
     # don't use \M- bindings by default, because they
     # conflict with 8-bit encodings. See gh-58,gh-88
     readline_parse_and_bind = List([
             'tab: complete',
             '"\C-l": clear-screen',
             'set show-all-if-ambiguous on',
             '"\C-o": tab-insert',
             '"\C-r": reverse-search-history',
             '"\C-s": forward-search-history',
             '"\C-p": history-search-backward',
             '"\C-n": history-search-forward',
             '"\e[A": history-search-backward',
             '"\e[B": history-search-forward',
             '"\C-k": kill-line',
             '"\C-u": unix-line-discard',
         ], allow_none=False, config=True)
 
     # TODO: this part of prompt management should be moved to the frontends.
     # Use custom TraitTypes that convert '0'->'' and '\\n'->'\n'
     separate_in = SeparateUnicode('\n', config=True)
     separate_out = SeparateUnicode('', config=True)
     separate_out2 = SeparateUnicode('', config=True)
     wildcards_case_sensitive = CBool(True, config=True)
     xmode = CaselessStrEnum(('Context','Plain', 'Verbose'),
                             default_value='Context', config=True)
 
     # Subcomponents of InteractiveShell
     alias_manager = Instance('IPython.core.alias.AliasManager')
     prefilter_manager = Instance('IPython.core.prefilter.PrefilterManager')
     builtin_trap = Instance('IPython.core.builtin_trap.BuiltinTrap')
     display_trap = Instance('IPython.core.display_trap.DisplayTrap')
     extension_manager = Instance('IPython.core.extensions.ExtensionManager')
     plugin_manager = Instance('IPython.core.plugin.PluginManager')
     payload_manager = Instance('IPython.core.payload.PayloadManager')
     history_manager = Instance('IPython.core.history.HistoryManager')
 
     profile_dir = Instance('IPython.core.application.ProfileDir')
     @property
     def profile(self):
         if self.profile_dir is not None:
             name = os.path.basename(self.profile_dir.location)
             return name.replace('profile_','')
 
 
     # Private interface
     _post_execute = Instance(dict)
 
     def __init__(self, config=None, ipython_dir=None, profile_dir=None,
                  user_module=None, user_ns=None,
                  custom_exceptions=((), None)):
 
         # This is where traits with a config_key argument are updated
         # from the values on config.
         super(InteractiveShell, self).__init__(config=config)
         self.configurables = [self]
 
         # These are relatively independent and stateless
         self.init_ipython_dir(ipython_dir)
         self.init_profile_dir(profile_dir)
         self.init_instance_attrs()
         self.init_environment()
 
         # Create namespaces (user_ns, user_global_ns, etc.)
         self.init_create_namespaces(user_module, user_ns)
         # This has to be done after init_create_namespaces because it uses
         # something in self.user_ns, but before init_sys_modules, which
         # is the first thing to modify sys.
         # TODO: When we override sys.stdout and sys.stderr before this class
         # is created, we are saving the overridden ones here. Not sure if this
         # is what we want to do.
         self.save_sys_module_state()
         self.init_sys_modules()
 
         # While we're trying to have each part of the code directly access what
         # it needs without keeping redundant references to objects, we have too
         # much legacy code that expects ip.db to exist.
         self.db = PickleShareDB(os.path.join(self.profile_dir.location, 'db'))
 
         self.init_history()
         self.init_encoding()
         self.init_prefilter()
 
         Magic.__init__(self, self)
 
         self.init_syntax_highlighting()
         self.init_hooks()
         self.init_pushd_popd_magic()
         # self.init_traceback_handlers use to be here, but we moved it below
         # because it and init_io have to come after init_readline.
         self.init_user_ns()
         self.init_logger()
         self.init_alias()
         self.init_builtins()
 
         # pre_config_initialization
 
         # The next section should contain everything that was in ipmaker.
         self.init_logstart()
 
         # The following was in post_config_initialization
         self.init_inspector()
         # init_readline() must come before init_io(), because init_io uses
         # readline related things.
         self.init_readline()
         # We save this here in case user code replaces raw_input, but it needs
         # to be after init_readline(), because PyPy's readline works by replacing
         # raw_input.
         if py3compat.PY3:
             self.raw_input_original = input
         else:
             self.raw_input_original = raw_input
         # init_completer must come after init_readline, because it needs to
         # know whether readline is present or not system-wide to configure the
         # completers, since the completion machinery can now operate
         # independently of readline (e.g. over the network)
         self.init_completer()
         # TODO: init_io() needs to happen before init_traceback handlers
         # because the traceback handlers hardcode the stdout/stderr streams.
         # This logic in in debugger.Pdb and should eventually be changed.
         self.init_io()
         self.init_traceback_handlers(custom_exceptions)
         self.init_prompts()
         self.init_display_formatter()
         self.init_display_pub()
         self.init_displayhook()
         self.init_reload_doctest()
         self.init_magics()
         self.init_pdb()
         self.init_extension_manager()
         self.init_plugin_manager()
         self.init_payload()
         self.hooks.late_startup_hook()
         atexit.register(self.atexit_operations)
 
     def get_ipython(self):
         """Return the currently running IPython instance."""
         return self
 
     #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
     # Trait changed handlers
     #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
     def _ipython_dir_changed(self, name, new):
         if not os.path.isdir(new):
             os.makedirs(new, mode = 0777)
 
     def set_autoindent(self,value=None):
         """Set the autoindent flag, checking for readline support.
 
         If called with no arguments, it acts as a toggle."""
 
         if value != 0 and not self.has_readline:
             if os.name == 'posix':
                 warn("The auto-indent feature requires the readline library")
             self.autoindent = 0
             return
         if value is None:
             self.autoindent = not self.autoindent
         else:
             self.autoindent = value
 
     #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
     # init_* methods called by __init__
     #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
     def init_ipython_dir(self, ipython_dir):
         if ipython_dir is not None:
             self.ipython_dir = ipython_dir
             return
 
         self.ipython_dir = get_ipython_dir()
 
     def init_profile_dir(self, profile_dir):
         if profile_dir is not None:
             self.profile_dir = profile_dir
             return
         self.profile_dir =\
             ProfileDir.create_profile_dir_by_name(self.ipython_dir, 'default')
 
     def init_instance_attrs(self):
         self.more = False
 
         # command compiler
         self.compile = CachingCompiler()
 
         # Make an empty namespace, which extension writers can rely on both
         # existing and NEVER being used by ipython itself.  This gives them a
         # convenient location for storing additional information and state
         # their extensions may require, without fear of collisions with other
         # ipython names that may develop later.
         self.meta = Struct()
 
         # Temporary files used for various purposes.  Deleted at exit.
         self.tempfiles = []
 
         # Keep track of readline usage (later set by init_readline)
         self.has_readline = False
 
         # keep track of where we started running (mainly for crash post-mortem)
         # This is not being used anywhere currently.
         self.starting_dir = os.getcwdu()
 
         # Indentation management
         self.indent_current_nsp = 0
 
         # Dict to track post-execution functions that have been registered
         self._post_execute = {}
 
     def init_environment(self):
         """Any changes we need to make to the user's environment."""
         pass
 
     def init_encoding(self):
         # Get system encoding at startup time.  Certain terminals (like Emacs
         # under Win32 have it set to None, and we need to have a known valid
         # encoding to use in the raw_input() method
         try:
             self.stdin_encoding = sys.stdin.encoding or 'ascii'
         except AttributeError:
             self.stdin_encoding = 'ascii'
 
     def init_syntax_highlighting(self):
         # Python source parser/formatter for syntax highlighting
         pyformat = PyColorize.Parser().format
         self.pycolorize = lambda src: pyformat(src,'str',self.colors)
 
     def init_pushd_popd_magic(self):
         # for pushd/popd management
         self.home_dir = get_home_dir()
 
         self.dir_stack = []
 
     def init_logger(self):
         self.logger = Logger(self.home_dir, logfname='ipython_log.py',
                              logmode='rotate')
 
     def init_logstart(self):
         """Initialize logging in case it was requested at the command line.
         """
         if self.logappend:
             self.magic_logstart(self.logappend + ' append')
         elif self.logfile:
             self.magic_logstart(self.logfile)
         elif self.logstart:
             self.magic_logstart()
 
     def init_builtins(self):
         self.builtin_trap = BuiltinTrap(shell=self)
 
     def init_inspector(self):
         # Object inspector
         self.inspector = oinspect.Inspector(oinspect.InspectColors,
                                             PyColorize.ANSICodeColors,
                                             'NoColor',
                                             self.object_info_string_level)
 
     def init_io(self):
         # This will just use sys.stdout and sys.stderr. If you want to
         # override sys.stdout and sys.stderr themselves, you need to do that
         # *before* instantiating this class, because io holds onto
         # references to the underlying streams.
         if sys.platform == 'win32' and self.has_readline:
             io.stdout = io.stderr = io.IOStream(self.readline._outputfile)
         else:
             io.stdout = io.IOStream(sys.stdout)
             io.stderr = io.IOStream(sys.stderr)
 
     def init_prompts(self):
-        # TODO: This is a pass for now because the prompts are managed inside
-        # the DisplayHook. Once there is a separate prompt manager, this
-        # will initialize that object and all prompt related information.
-        pass
+        self.prompt_manager = PromptManager(shell=self, config=self.config)
 
     def init_display_formatter(self):
         self.display_formatter = DisplayFormatter(config=self.config)
         self.configurables.append(self.display_formatter)
 
     def init_display_pub(self):
         self.display_pub = self.display_pub_class(config=self.config)
         self.configurables.append(self.display_pub)
 
     def init_displayhook(self):
         # Initialize displayhook, set in/out prompts and printing system
         self.displayhook = self.displayhook_class(
             config=self.config,
             shell=self,
             cache_size=self.cache_size,
-            input_sep = self.separate_in,
-            output_sep = self.separate_out,
-            output_sep2 = self.separate_out2,
-            ps1 = self.prompt_in1,
-            ps2 = self.prompt_in2,
-            ps_out = self.prompt_out,
-            pad_left = self.prompts_pad_left
         )
         self.configurables.append(self.displayhook)
         # This is a context manager that installs/revmoes the displayhook at
         # the appropriate time.
         self.display_trap = DisplayTrap(hook=self.displayhook)
 
     def init_reload_doctest(self):
         # Do a proper resetting of doctest, including the necessary displayhook
         # monkeypatching
         try:
             doctest_reload()
         except ImportError:
             warn("doctest module does not exist.")
 
     #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
     # Things related to injections into the sys module
     #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
     def save_sys_module_state(self):
         """Save the state of hooks in the sys module.
 
         This has to be called after self.user_module is created.
         """
         self._orig_sys_module_state = {}
         self._orig_sys_module_state['stdin'] = sys.stdin
         self._orig_sys_module_state['stdout'] = sys.stdout
         self._orig_sys_module_state['stderr'] = sys.stderr
         self._orig_sys_module_state['excepthook'] = sys.excepthook
         self._orig_sys_modules_main_name = self.user_module.__name__
 
     def restore_sys_module_state(self):
         """Restore the state of the sys module."""
         try:
             for k, v in self._orig_sys_module_state.iteritems():
                 setattr(sys, k, v)
         except AttributeError:
             pass
         # Reset what what done in self.init_sys_modules
         sys.modules[self.user_module.__name__] = self._orig_sys_modules_main_name
 
     #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
     # Things related to hooks
     #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
     def init_hooks(self):
         # hooks holds pointers used for user-side customizations
         self.hooks = Struct()
 
         self.strdispatchers = {}
 
         # Set all default hooks, defined in the IPython.hooks module.
         hooks = IPython.core.hooks
         for hook_name in hooks.__all__:
             # default hooks have priority 100, i.e. low; user hooks should have
             # 0-100 priority
             self.set_hook(hook_name,getattr(hooks,hook_name), 100)
 
     def set_hook(self,name,hook, priority = 50, str_key = None, re_key = None):
         """set_hook(name,hook) -> sets an internal IPython hook.
 
         IPython exposes some of its internal API as user-modifiable hooks.  By
         adding your function to one of these hooks, you can modify IPython's
         behavior to call at runtime your own routines."""
 
         # At some point in the future, this should validate the hook before it
         # accepts it.  Probably at least check that the hook takes the number
         # of args it's supposed to.
 
         f = types.MethodType(hook,self)
 
         # check if the hook is for strdispatcher first
         if str_key is not None:
             sdp = self.strdispatchers.get(name, StrDispatch())
             sdp.add_s(str_key, f, priority )
             self.strdispatchers[name] = sdp
             return
         if re_key is not None:
             sdp = self.strdispatchers.get(name, StrDispatch())
             sdp.add_re(re.compile(re_key), f, priority )
             self.strdispatchers[name] = sdp
             return
 
         dp = getattr(self.hooks, name, None)
         if name not in IPython.core.hooks.__all__:
             print "Warning! Hook '%s' is not one of %s" % \
                   (name, IPython.core.hooks.__all__ )
         if not dp:
             dp = IPython.core.hooks.CommandChainDispatcher()
 
         try:
             dp.add(f,priority)
         except AttributeError:
             # it was not commandchain, plain old func - replace
             dp = f
 
         setattr(self.hooks,name, dp)
 
     def register_post_execute(self, func):
         """Register a function for calling after code execution.
         """
         if not callable(func):
             raise ValueError('argument %s must be callable' % func)
         self._post_execute[func] = True
 
     #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
     # Things related to the "main" module
     #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
     def new_main_mod(self,ns=None):
         """Return a new 'main' module object for user code execution.
         """
         main_mod = self._user_main_module
         init_fakemod_dict(main_mod,ns)
         return main_mod
 
     def cache_main_mod(self,ns,fname):
         """Cache a main module's namespace.
 
         When scripts are executed via %run, we must keep a reference to the
         namespace of their __main__ module (a FakeModule instance) around so
         that Python doesn't clear it, rendering objects defined therein
         useless.
 
         This method keeps said reference in a private dict, keyed by the
         absolute path of the module object (which corresponds to the script
         path).  This way, for multiple executions of the same script we only
         keep one copy of the namespace (the last one), thus preventing memory
         leaks from old references while allowing the objects from the last
         execution to be accessible.
 
         Note: we can not allow the actual FakeModule instances to be deleted,
         because of how Python tears down modules (it hard-sets all their
         references to None without regard for reference counts).  This method
         must therefore make a *copy* of the given namespace, to allow the
         original module's __dict__ to be cleared and reused.
 
 
         Parameters
         ----------
           ns : a namespace (a dict, typically)
 
           fname : str
             Filename associated with the namespace.
 
         Examples
         --------
 
         In [10]: import IPython
 
         In [11]: _ip.cache_main_mod(IPython.__dict__,IPython.__file__)
 
         In [12]: IPython.__file__ in _ip._main_ns_cache
         Out[12]: True
         """
         self._main_ns_cache[os.path.abspath(fname)] = ns.copy()
 
     def clear_main_mod_cache(self):
         """Clear the cache of main modules.
 
         Mainly for use by utilities like %reset.
 
         Examples
         --------
 
         In [15]: import IPython
 
         In [16]: _ip.cache_main_mod(IPython.__dict__,IPython.__file__)
 
         In [17]: len(_ip._main_ns_cache) > 0
         Out[17]: True
 
         In [18]: _ip.clear_main_mod_cache()
 
         In [19]: len(_ip._main_ns_cache) == 0
         Out[19]: True
         """
         self._main_ns_cache.clear()
 
     #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
     # Things related to debugging
     #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
     def init_pdb(self):
         # Set calling of pdb on exceptions
         # self.call_pdb is a property
         self.call_pdb = self.pdb
 
     def _get_call_pdb(self):
         return self._call_pdb
 
     def _set_call_pdb(self,val):
 
         if val not in (0,1,False,True):
             raise ValueError,'new call_pdb value must be boolean'
 
         # store value in instance
         self._call_pdb = val
 
         # notify the actual exception handlers
         self.InteractiveTB.call_pdb = val
 
     call_pdb = property(_get_call_pdb,_set_call_pdb,None,
                         'Control auto-activation of pdb at exceptions')
 
     def debugger(self,force=False):
         """Call the pydb/pdb debugger.
 
         Keywords:
 
           - force(False): by default, this routine checks the instance call_pdb
           flag and does not actually invoke the debugger if the flag is false.
           The 'force' option forces the debugger to activate even if the flag
           is false.
         """
 
         if not (force or self.call_pdb):
             return
 
         if not hasattr(sys,'last_traceback'):
             error('No traceback has been produced, nothing to debug.')
             return
 
         # use pydb if available
         if debugger.has_pydb:
             from pydb import pm
         else:
             # fallback to our internal debugger
             pm = lambda : self.InteractiveTB.debugger(force=True)
 
         with self.readline_no_record:
             pm()
 
     #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
     # Things related to IPython's various namespaces
     #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
     def init_create_namespaces(self, user_module=None, user_ns=None):
         # Create the namespace where the user will operate.  user_ns is
         # normally the only one used, and it is passed to the exec calls as
         # the locals argument.  But we do carry a user_global_ns namespace
         # given as the exec 'globals' argument,  This is useful in embedding
         # situations where the ipython shell opens in a context where the
         # distinction between locals and globals is meaningful.  For
         # non-embedded contexts, it is just the same object as the user_ns dict.
 
         # FIXME. For some strange reason, __builtins__ is showing up at user
         # level as a dict instead of a module. This is a manual fix, but I
         # should really track down where the problem is coming from. Alex
         # Schmolck reported this problem first.
 
         # A useful post by Alex Martelli on this topic:
         # Re: inconsistent value from __builtins__
         # Von: Alex Martelli <[e-mail]>
         # Datum: Freitag 01 Oktober 2004 04:45:34 nachmittags/abends
         # Gruppen: comp.lang.python
 
         # Michael Hohn <[e-mail]> wrote:
         # > >>> print type(builtin_check.get_global_binding('__builtins__'))
         # > <type 'dict'>
         # > >>> print type(__builtins__)
         # > <type 'module'>
         # > Is this difference in return value intentional?
 
         # Well, it's documented that '__builtins__' can be either a dictionary
         # or a module, and it's been that way for a long time. Whether it's
         # intentional (or sensible), I don't know. In any case, the idea is
         # that if you need to access the built-in namespace directly, you
         # should start with "import __builtin__" (note, no 's') which will
         # definitely give you a module. Yeah, it's somewhat confusing:-(.
 
         # These routines return a properly built module and dict as needed by
         # the rest of the code, and can also be used by extension writers to
         # generate properly initialized namespaces.
         self.user_module, self.user_ns = self.prepare_user_module(user_module, user_ns)
 
         # A record of hidden variables we have added to the user namespace, so
         # we can list later only variables defined in actual interactive use.
         self.user_ns_hidden = set()
 
         # Now that FakeModule produces a real module, we've run into a nasty
         # problem: after script execution (via %run), the module where the user
         # code ran is deleted.  Now that this object is a true module (needed
         # so docetst and other tools work correctly), the Python module
         # teardown mechanism runs over it, and sets to None every variable
         # present in that module.  Top-level references to objects from the
         # script survive, because the user_ns is updated with them.  However,
         # calling functions defined in the script that use other things from
         # the script will fail, because the function's closure had references
         # to the original objects, which are now all None.  So we must protect
         # these modules from deletion by keeping a cache.
         #
         # To avoid keeping stale modules around (we only need the one from the
         # last run), we use a dict keyed with the full path to the script, so
         # only the last version of the module is held in the cache.  Note,
         # however, that we must cache the module *namespace contents* (their
         # __dict__).  Because if we try to cache the actual modules, old ones
         # (uncached) could be destroyed while still holding references (such as
         # those held by GUI objects that tend to be long-lived)>
         #
         # The %reset command will flush this cache.  See the cache_main_mod()
         # and clear_main_mod_cache() methods for details on use.
 
         # This is the cache used for 'main' namespaces
         self._main_ns_cache = {}
         # And this is the single instance of FakeModule whose __dict__ we keep
         # copying and clearing for reuse on each %run
         self._user_main_module = FakeModule()
 
         # A table holding all the namespaces IPython deals with, so that
         # introspection facilities can search easily.
         self.ns_table = {'user_global':self.user_module.__dict__,
                          'user_local':user_ns,
                          'builtin':builtin_mod.__dict__
                          }
     
     @property
     def user_global_ns(self):
         return self.user_module.__dict__
 
     def prepare_user_module(self, user_module=None, user_ns=None):
         """Prepare the module and namespace in which user code will be run.
         
         When IPython is started normally, both parameters are None: a new module
         is created automatically, and its __dict__ used as the namespace.
         
         If only user_module is provided, its __dict__ is used as the namespace.
         If only user_ns is provided, a dummy module is created, and user_ns
         becomes the global namespace. If both are provided (as they may be
         when embedding), user_ns is the local namespace, and user_module
         provides the global namespace.
 
         Parameters
         ----------
         user_module : module, optional
             The current user module in which IPython is being run. If None,
             a clean module will be created.
         user_ns : dict, optional
             A namespace in which to run interactive commands.
 
         Returns
         -------
         A tuple of user_module and user_ns, each properly initialised.
         """
         if user_module is None and user_ns is not None:
             user_ns.setdefault("__name__", "__main__")
             class DummyMod(object):
                 "A dummy module used for IPython's interactive namespace."
                 pass
             user_module = DummyMod()
             user_module.__dict__ = user_ns
             
         if user_module is None:
             user_module = types.ModuleType("__main__",
                 doc="Automatically created module for IPython interactive environment")
         
         # We must ensure that __builtin__ (without the final 's') is always
         # available and pointing to the __builtin__ *module*.  For more details:
         # http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-dev/2001-April/014068.html
         user_module.__dict__.setdefault('__builtin__', builtin_mod)
         user_module.__dict__.setdefault('__builtins__', builtin_mod)
         
         if user_ns is None:
             user_ns = user_module.__dict__
 
         return user_module, user_ns
 
     def init_sys_modules(self):
         # We need to insert into sys.modules something that looks like a
         # module but which accesses the IPython namespace, for shelve and
         # pickle to work interactively. Normally they rely on getting
         # everything out of __main__, but for embedding purposes each IPython
         # instance has its own private namespace, so we can't go shoving
         # everything into __main__.
 
         # note, however, that we should only do this for non-embedded
         # ipythons, which really mimic the __main__.__dict__ with their own
         # namespace.  Embedded instances, on the other hand, should not do
         # this because they need to manage the user local/global namespaces
         # only, but they live within a 'normal' __main__ (meaning, they
         # shouldn't overtake the execution environment of the script they're
         # embedded in).
 
         # This is overridden in the InteractiveShellEmbed subclass to a no-op.
         main_name = self.user_module.__name__
         sys.modules[main_name] = self.user_module
 
     def init_user_ns(self):
         """Initialize all user-visible namespaces to their minimum defaults.
 
         Certain history lists are also initialized here, as they effectively
         act as user namespaces.
 
         Notes
         -----
         All data structures here are only filled in, they are NOT reset by this
         method.  If they were not empty before, data will simply be added to
         therm.
         """
         # This function works in two parts: first we put a few things in
         # user_ns, and we sync that contents into user_ns_hidden so that these
         # initial variables aren't shown by %who.  After the sync, we add the
         # rest of what we *do* want the user to see with %who even on a new
         # session (probably nothing, so theye really only see their own stuff)
 
         # The user dict must *always* have a __builtin__ reference to the
         # Python standard __builtin__ namespace,  which must be imported.
         # This is so that certain operations in prompt evaluation can be
         # reliably executed with builtins.  Note that we can NOT use
         # __builtins__ (note the 's'),  because that can either be a dict or a
         # module, and can even mutate at runtime, depending on the context
         # (Python makes no guarantees on it).  In contrast, __builtin__ is
         # always a module object, though it must be explicitly imported.
 
         # For more details:
         # http://mail.python.org/pipermail/python-dev/2001-April/014068.html
         ns = dict()
         
         # Put 'help' in the user namespace
         try:
             from site import _Helper
             ns['help'] = _Helper()
         except ImportError:
             warn('help() not available - check site.py')
 
         # make global variables for user access to the histories
         ns['_ih'] = self.history_manager.input_hist_parsed
         ns['_oh'] = self.history_manager.output_hist
         ns['_dh'] = self.history_manager.dir_hist
 
         ns['_sh'] = shadowns
 
         # user aliases to input and output histories.  These shouldn't show up
         # in %who, as they can have very large reprs.
         ns['In']  = self.history_manager.input_hist_parsed
         ns['Out'] = self.history_manager.output_hist
 
         # Store myself as the public api!!!
         ns['get_ipython'] = self.get_ipython
         
         ns['exit'] = self.exiter
         ns['quit'] = self.exiter
 
         # Sync what we've added so far to user_ns_hidden so these aren't seen
         # by %who
         self.user_ns_hidden.update(ns)
 
         # Anything put into ns now would show up in %who.  Think twice before
         # putting anything here, as we really want %who to show the user their
         # stuff, not our variables.
 
         # Finally, update the real user's namespace
         self.user_ns.update(ns)
     
     @property
     def all_ns_refs(self):
         """Get a list of references to all the namespace dictionaries in which
         IPython might store a user-created object.
         
         Note that this does not include the displayhook, which also caches
         objects from the output."""
         return [self.user_ns, self.user_global_ns,
                 self._user_main_module.__dict__] + self._main_ns_cache.values()
 
     def reset(self, new_session=True):
         """Clear all internal namespaces, and attempt to release references to
         user objects.
 
         If new_session is True, a new history session will be opened.
         """
         # Clear histories
         self.history_manager.reset(new_session)
         # Reset counter used to index all histories
         if new_session:
             self.execution_count = 1
 
         # Flush cached output items
         if self.displayhook.do_full_cache:
             self.displayhook.flush()
 
         # The main execution namespaces must be cleared very carefully,
         # skipping the deletion of the builtin-related keys, because doing so
         # would cause errors in many object's __del__ methods.
         if self.user_ns is not self.user_global_ns:
             self.user_ns.clear()
         ns = self.user_global_ns
         drop_keys = set(ns.keys())
         drop_keys.discard('__builtin__')
         drop_keys.discard('__builtins__')
         drop_keys.discard('__name__')
         for k in drop_keys:
             del ns[k]
         
         self.user_ns_hidden.clear()
         
         # Restore the user namespaces to minimal usability
         self.init_user_ns()
 
         # Restore the default and user aliases
         self.alias_manager.clear_aliases()
         self.alias_manager.init_aliases()
 
         # Flush the private list of module references kept for script
         # execution protection
         self.clear_main_mod_cache()
 
         # Clear out the namespace from the last %run
         self.new_main_mod()
 
     def del_var(self, varname, by_name=False):
         """Delete a variable from the various namespaces, so that, as
         far as possible, we're not keeping any hidden references to it.
 
         Parameters
         ----------
         varname : str
             The name of the variable to delete.
         by_name : bool
             If True, delete variables with the given name in each
             namespace. If False (default), find the variable in the user
             namespace, and delete references to it.
         """
         if varname in ('__builtin__', '__builtins__'):
             raise ValueError("Refusing to delete %s" % varname)
 
         ns_refs = self.all_ns_refs
         
         if by_name:                    # Delete by name
             for ns in ns_refs:
                 try:
                     del ns[varname]
                 except KeyError:
                     pass
         else:                         # Delete by object
             try:
                 obj = self.user_ns[varname]
             except KeyError:
                 raise NameError("name '%s' is not defined" % varname)
             # Also check in output history
             ns_refs.append(self.history_manager.output_hist)
             for ns in ns_refs:
                 to_delete = [n for n, o in ns.iteritems() if o is obj]
                 for name in to_delete:
                     del ns[name]
 
             # displayhook keeps extra references, but not in a dictionary
             for name in ('_', '__', '___'):
                 if getattr(self.displayhook, name) is obj:
                     setattr(self.displayhook, name, None)
 
     def reset_selective(self, regex=None):
         """Clear selective variables from internal namespaces based on a
         specified regular expression.
 
         Parameters
         ----------
         regex : string or compiled pattern, optional
             A regular expression pattern that will be used in searching
             variable names in the users namespaces.
         """
         if regex is not None:
             try:
                 m = re.compile(regex)
             except TypeError:
                 raise TypeError('regex must be a string or compiled pattern')
             # Search for keys in each namespace that match the given regex
             # If a match is found, delete the key/value pair.
             for ns in self.all_ns_refs:
                 for var in ns:
                     if m.search(var):
                         del ns[var]
 
     def push(self, variables, interactive=True):
         """Inject a group of variables into the IPython user namespace.
 
         Parameters
         ----------
         variables : dict, str or list/tuple of str
             The variables to inject into the user's namespace.  If a dict, a
             simple update is done.  If a str, the string is assumed to have
             variable names separated by spaces.  A list/tuple of str can also
             be used to give the variable names.  If just the variable names are
             give (list/tuple/str) then the variable values looked up in the
             callers frame.
         interactive : bool
             If True (default), the variables will be listed with the ``who``
             magic.
         """
         vdict = None
 
         # We need a dict of name/value pairs to do namespace updates.
         if isinstance(variables, dict):
             vdict = variables
         elif isinstance(variables, (basestring, list, tuple)):
             if isinstance(variables, basestring):
                 vlist = variables.split()
             else:
                 vlist = variables
             vdict = {}
             cf = sys._getframe(1)
             for name in vlist:
                 try:
                     vdict[name] = eval(name, cf.f_globals, cf.f_locals)
                 except:
                     print ('Could not get variable %s from %s' %
                            (name,cf.f_code.co_name))
         else:
             raise ValueError('variables must be a dict/str/list/tuple')
 
         # Propagate variables to user namespace
         self.user_ns.update(vdict)
 
         # And configure interactive visibility
         user_ns_hidden = self.user_ns_hidden
         if interactive:
             user_ns_hidden.difference_update(vdict)
         else:
             user_ns_hidden.update(vdict)
     
     def drop_by_id(self, variables):
         """Remove a dict of variables from the user namespace, if they are the
         same as the values in the dictionary.
         
         This is intended for use by extensions: variables that they've added can
         be taken back out if they are unloaded, without removing any that the
         user has overwritten.
         
         Parameters
         ----------
         variables : dict
           A dictionary mapping object names (as strings) to the objects.
         """
         for name, obj in variables.iteritems():
             if name in self.user_ns and self.user_ns[name] is obj:
                 del self.user_ns[name]
                 self.user_ns_hidden.discard(name)
 
     #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
     # Things related to object introspection
     #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
     def _ofind(self, oname, namespaces=None):
         """Find an object in the available namespaces.
 
         self._ofind(oname) -> dict with keys: found,obj,ospace,ismagic
 
         Has special code to detect magic functions.
         """
         oname = oname.strip()
         #print '1- oname: <%r>' % oname  # dbg
         if not py3compat.isidentifier(oname.lstrip(ESC_MAGIC), dotted=True):
             return dict(found=False)
 
         alias_ns = None
         if namespaces is None:
             # Namespaces to search in:
             # Put them in a list. The order is important so that we
             # find things in the same order that Python finds them.
             namespaces = [ ('Interactive', self.user_ns),
                            ('Interactive (global)', self.user_global_ns),
                            ('Python builtin', builtin_mod.__dict__),
                            ('Alias', self.alias_manager.alias_table),
                            ]
             alias_ns = self.alias_manager.alias_table
 
         # initialize results to 'null'
         found = False; obj = None;  ospace = None;  ds = None;
         ismagic = False; isalias = False; parent = None
 
         # We need to special-case 'print', which as of python2.6 registers as a
         # function but should only be treated as one if print_function was
         # loaded with a future import.  In this case, just bail.
         if (oname == 'print' and not py3compat.PY3 and not \
             (self.compile.compiler_flags & __future__.CO_FUTURE_PRINT_FUNCTION)):
             return {'found':found, 'obj':obj, 'namespace':ospace,
                     'ismagic':ismagic, 'isalias':isalias, 'parent':parent}
 
         # Look for the given name by splitting it in parts.  If the head is
         # found, then we look for all the remaining parts as members, and only
         # declare success if we can find them all.
         oname_parts = oname.split('.')
         oname_head, oname_rest = oname_parts[0],oname_parts[1:]
         for nsname,ns in namespaces:
             try:
                 obj = ns[oname_head]
             except KeyError:
                 continue
             else:
                 #print 'oname_rest:', oname_rest  # dbg
                 for part in oname_rest:
                     try:
                         parent = obj
                         obj = getattr(obj,part)
                     except:
                         # Blanket except b/c some badly implemented objects
                         # allow __getattr__ to raise exceptions other than
                         # AttributeError, which then crashes IPython.
                         break
                 else:
                     # If we finish the for loop (no break), we got all members
                     found = True
                     ospace = nsname
                     if ns == alias_ns:
                         isalias = True
                     break  # namespace loop
 
         # Try to see if it's magic
         if not found:
             if oname.startswith(ESC_MAGIC):
                 oname = oname[1:]
             obj = getattr(self,'magic_'+oname,None)
             if obj is not None:
                 found = True
                 ospace = 'IPython internal'
                 ismagic = True
 
         # Last try: special-case some literals like '', [], {}, etc:
         if not found and oname_head in ["''",'""','[]','{}','()']:
             obj = eval(oname_head)
             found = True
             ospace = 'Interactive'
 
         return {'found':found, 'obj':obj, 'namespace':ospace,
                 'ismagic':ismagic, 'isalias':isalias, 'parent':parent}
 
     def _ofind_property(self, oname, info):
         """Second part of object finding, to look for property details."""
         if info.found:
             # Get the docstring of the class property if it exists.
             path = oname.split('.')
             root = '.'.join(path[:-1])
             if info.parent is not None:
                 try:
                     target = getattr(info.parent, '__class__')
                     # The object belongs to a class instance.
                     try:
                         target = getattr(target, path[-1])
                         # The class defines the object.
                         if isinstance(target, property):
                             oname = root + '.__class__.' + path[-1]
                             info = Struct(self._ofind(oname))
                     except AttributeError: pass
                 except AttributeError: pass
 
         # We return either the new info or the unmodified input if the object
         # hadn't been found
         return info
 
     def _object_find(self, oname, namespaces=None):
         """Find an object and return a struct with info about it."""
         inf = Struct(self._ofind(oname, namespaces))
         return Struct(self._ofind_property(oname, inf))
 
     def _inspect(self, meth, oname, namespaces=None, **kw):
         """Generic interface to the inspector system.
 
         This function is meant to be called by pdef, pdoc & friends."""
         info = self._object_find(oname)
         if info.found:
             pmethod = getattr(self.inspector, meth)
             formatter = format_screen if info.ismagic else None
             if meth == 'pdoc':
                 pmethod(info.obj, oname, formatter)
             elif meth == 'pinfo':
                 pmethod(info.obj, oname, formatter, info, **kw)
             else:
                 pmethod(info.obj, oname)
         else:
             print 'Object `%s` not found.' % oname
             return 'not found'  # so callers can take other action
 
     def object_inspect(self, oname):
         with self.builtin_trap:
             info = self._object_find(oname)
             if info.found:
                 return self.inspector.info(info.obj, oname, info=info)
             else:
                 return oinspect.object_info(name=oname, found=False)
 
     #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
     # Things related to history management
     #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
     def init_history(self):
         """Sets up the command history, and starts regular autosaves."""
         self.history_manager = HistoryManager(shell=self, config=self.config)
         self.configurables.append(self.history_manager)
 
     #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
     # Things related to exception handling and tracebacks (not debugging)
     #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
     def init_traceback_handlers(self, custom_exceptions):
         # Syntax error handler.
         self.SyntaxTB = ultratb.SyntaxTB(color_scheme='NoColor')
 
         # The interactive one is initialized with an offset, meaning we always
         # want to remove the topmost item in the traceback, which is our own
         # internal code. Valid modes: ['Plain','Context','Verbose']
         self.InteractiveTB = ultratb.AutoFormattedTB(mode = 'Plain',
                                                      color_scheme='NoColor',
                                                      tb_offset = 1,
                                    check_cache=self.compile.check_cache)
 
         # The instance will store a pointer to the system-wide exception hook,
         # so that runtime code (such as magics) can access it.  This is because
         # during the read-eval loop, it may get temporarily overwritten.
         self.sys_excepthook = sys.excepthook
 
         # and add any custom exception handlers the user may have specified
         self.set_custom_exc(*custom_exceptions)
 
         # Set the exception mode
         self.InteractiveTB.set_mode(mode=self.xmode)
 
     def set_custom_exc(self, exc_tuple, handler):
         """set_custom_exc(exc_tuple,handler)
 
         Set a custom exception handler, which will be called if any of the
         exceptions in exc_tuple occur in the mainloop (specifically, in the
         run_code() method).
 
         Parameters
         ----------
 
         exc_tuple : tuple of exception classes
             A *tuple* of exception classes, for which to call the defined
             handler.  It is very important that you use a tuple, and NOT A
             LIST here, because of the way Python's except statement works.  If
             you only want to trap a single exception, use a singleton tuple::
 
                 exc_tuple == (MyCustomException,)
 
         handler : callable
             handler must have the following signature::
 
                 def my_handler(self, etype, value, tb, tb_offset=None):
                     ...
                     return structured_traceback
 
             Your handler must return a structured traceback (a list of strings),
             or None.
 
             This will be made into an instance method (via types.MethodType)
             of IPython itself, and it will be called if any of the exceptions
             listed in the exc_tuple are caught. If the handler is None, an
             internal basic one is used, which just prints basic info.
 
             To protect IPython from crashes, if your handler ever raises an
             exception or returns an invalid result, it will be immediately
             disabled.
 
         WARNING: by putting in your own exception handler into IPython's main
         execution loop, you run a very good chance of nasty crashes.  This
         facility should only be used if you really know what you are doing."""
 
         assert type(exc_tuple)==type(()) , \
                "The custom exceptions must be given AS A TUPLE."
 
         def dummy_handler(self,etype,value,tb,tb_offset=None):
             print '*** Simple custom exception handler ***'
             print 'Exception type :',etype
             print 'Exception value:',value
             print 'Traceback      :',tb
             #print 'Source code    :','\n'.join(self.buffer)
         
         def validate_stb(stb):
             """validate structured traceback return type
             
             return type of CustomTB *should* be a list of strings, but allow
             single strings or None, which are harmless.
             
             This function will *always* return a list of strings,
             and will raise a TypeError if stb is inappropriate.
             """
             msg = "CustomTB must return list of strings, not %r" % stb
             if stb is None:
                 return []
             elif isinstance(stb, basestring):
                 return [stb]
             elif not isinstance(stb, list):
                 raise TypeError(msg)
             # it's a list
             for line in stb:
                 # check every element
                 if not isinstance(line, basestring):
                     raise TypeError(msg)
             return stb
 
         if handler is None:
             wrapped = dummy_handler
         else:
             def wrapped(self,etype,value,tb,tb_offset=None):
                 """wrap CustomTB handler, to protect IPython from user code
                 
                 This makes it harder (but not impossible) for custom exception
                 handlers to crash IPython.
                 """
                 try:
                     stb = handler(self,etype,value,tb,tb_offset=tb_offset)
                     return validate_stb(stb)
                 except:
                     # clear custom handler immediately
                     self.set_custom_exc((), None)
                     print >> io.stderr, "Custom TB Handler failed, unregistering"
                     # show the exception in handler first
                     stb = self.InteractiveTB.structured_traceback(*sys.exc_info())
                     print >> io.stdout, self.InteractiveTB.stb2text(stb)
                     print >> io.stdout, "The original exception:"
                     stb = self.InteractiveTB.structured_traceback(
                                             (etype,value,tb), tb_offset=tb_offset
                     )
                 return stb
 
         self.CustomTB = types.MethodType(wrapped,self)
         self.custom_exceptions = exc_tuple
 
     def excepthook(self, etype, value, tb):
       """One more defense for GUI apps that call sys.excepthook.
 
       GUI frameworks like wxPython trap exceptions and call
       sys.excepthook themselves.  I guess this is a feature that
       enables them to keep running after exceptions that would
       otherwise kill their mainloop. This is a bother for IPython
       which excepts to catch all of the program exceptions with a try:
       except: statement.
 
       Normally, IPython sets sys.excepthook to a CrashHandler instance, so if
       any app directly invokes sys.excepthook, it will look to the user like
       IPython crashed.  In order to work around this, we can disable the
       CrashHandler and replace it with this excepthook instead, which prints a
       regular traceback using our InteractiveTB.  In this fashion, apps which
       call sys.excepthook will generate a regular-looking exception from
       IPython, and the CrashHandler will only be triggered by real IPython
       crashes.
 
       This hook should be used sparingly, only in places which are not likely
       to be true IPython errors.
       """
       self.showtraceback((etype,value,tb),tb_offset=0)
 
     def showtraceback(self,exc_tuple = None,filename=None,tb_offset=None,
                       exception_only=False):
         """Display the exception that just occurred.
 
         If nothing is known about the exception, this is the method which
         should be used throughout the code for presenting user tracebacks,
         rather than directly invoking the InteractiveTB object.
 
         A specific showsyntaxerror() also exists, but this method can take
         care of calling it if needed, so unless you are explicitly catching a
         SyntaxError exception, don't try to analyze the stack manually and
         simply call this method."""
 
         try:
             if exc_tuple is None:
                 etype, value, tb = sys.exc_info()
             else:
                 etype, value, tb = exc_tuple
 
             if etype is None:
                 if hasattr(sys, 'last_type'):
                     etype, value, tb = sys.last_type, sys.last_value, \
                                        sys.last_traceback
                 else:
                     self.write_err('No traceback available to show.\n')
                     return
 
             if etype is SyntaxError:
                 # Though this won't be called by syntax errors in the input
                 # line, there may be SyntaxError cases with imported code.
                 self.showsyntaxerror(filename)
             elif etype is UsageError:
                 self.write_err("UsageError: %s" % value)
             else:
                 # WARNING: these variables are somewhat deprecated and not
                 # necessarily safe to use in a threaded environment, but tools
                 # like pdb depend on their existence, so let's set them.  If we
                 # find problems in the field, we'll need to revisit their use.
                 sys.last_type = etype
                 sys.last_value = value
                 sys.last_traceback = tb
                 if etype in self.custom_exceptions:
                     stb = self.CustomTB(etype, value, tb, tb_offset)
                 else:
                     if exception_only:
                         stb = ['An exception has occurred, use %tb to see '
                                'the full traceback.\n']
                         stb.extend(self.InteractiveTB.get_exception_only(etype,
                                                                          value))
                     else:
                         stb = self.InteractiveTB.structured_traceback(etype,
                                                 value, tb, tb_offset=tb_offset)
 
                         self._showtraceback(etype, value, stb)
                         if self.call_pdb:
                             # drop into debugger
                             self.debugger(force=True)
                         return
 
                 # Actually show the traceback
                 self._showtraceback(etype, value, stb)
 
         except KeyboardInterrupt:
             self.write_err("\nKeyboardInterrupt\n")
 
     def _showtraceback(self, etype, evalue, stb):
         """Actually show a traceback.
 
         Subclasses may override this method to put the traceback on a different
         place, like a side channel.
         """
         print >> io.stdout, self.InteractiveTB.stb2text(stb)
 
     def showsyntaxerror(self, filename=None):
         """Display the syntax error that just occurred.
 
         This doesn't display a stack trace because there isn't one.
 
         If a filename is given, it is stuffed in the exception instead
         of what was there before (because Python's parser always uses
         "<string>" when reading from a string).
         """
         etype, value, last_traceback = sys.exc_info()
 
         # See note about these variables in showtraceback() above
         sys.last_type = etype
         sys.last_value = value
         sys.last_traceback = last_traceback
 
         if filename and etype is SyntaxError:
             # Work hard to stuff the correct filename in the exception
             try:
                 msg, (dummy_filename, lineno, offset, line) = value
             except:
                 # Not the format we expect; leave it alone
                 pass
             else:
                 # Stuff in the right filename
                 try:
                     # Assume SyntaxError is a class exception
                     value = SyntaxError(msg, (filename, lineno, offset, line))
                 except:
                     # If that failed, assume SyntaxError is a string
                     value = msg, (filename, lineno, offset, line)
         stb = self.SyntaxTB.structured_traceback(etype, value, [])
         self._showtraceback(etype, value, stb)
 
     # This is overridden in TerminalInteractiveShell to show a message about
     # the %paste magic.
     def showindentationerror(self):
         """Called by run_cell when there's an IndentationError in code entered
         at the prompt.
 
         This is overridden in TerminalInteractiveShell to show a message about
         the %paste magic."""
         self.showsyntaxerror()
 
     #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
     # Things related to readline
     #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
     def init_readline(self):
         """Command history completion/saving/reloading."""
 
         if self.readline_use:
             import IPython.utils.rlineimpl as readline
 
         self.rl_next_input = None
         self.rl_do_indent = False
 
         if not self.readline_use or not readline.have_readline:
             self.has_readline = False
             self.readline = None
             # Set a number of methods that depend on readline to be no-op
             self.readline_no_record = no_op_context
             self.set_readline_completer = no_op
             self.set_custom_completer = no_op
             self.set_completer_frame = no_op
             if self.readline_use:
                 warn('Readline services not available or not loaded.')
         else:
             self.has_readline = True
             self.readline = readline
             sys.modules['readline'] = readline
 
             # Platform-specific configuration
             if os.name == 'nt':
                 # FIXME - check with Frederick to see if we can harmonize
                 # naming conventions with pyreadline to avoid this
                 # platform-dependent check
                 self.readline_startup_hook = readline.set_pre_input_hook
             else:
                 self.readline_startup_hook = readline.set_startup_hook
 
             # Load user's initrc file (readline config)
             # Or if libedit is used, load editrc.
             inputrc_name = os.environ.get('INPUTRC')
             if inputrc_name is None:
                 inputrc_name = '.inputrc'
                 if readline.uses_libedit:
                     inputrc_name = '.editrc'
                 inputrc_name = os.path.join(self.home_dir, inputrc_name)
             if os.path.isfile(inputrc_name):
                 try:
                     readline.read_init_file(inputrc_name)
                 except:
                     warn('Problems reading readline initialization file <%s>'
                          % inputrc_name)
 
             # Configure readline according to user's prefs
             # This is only done if GNU readline is being used.  If libedit
             # is being used (as on Leopard) the readline config is
             # not run as the syntax for libedit is different.
             if not readline.uses_libedit:
                 for rlcommand in self.readline_parse_and_bind:
                     #print "loading rl:",rlcommand  # dbg
                     readline.parse_and_bind(rlcommand)
 
             # Remove some chars from the delimiters list.  If we encounter
             # unicode chars, discard them.
             delims = readline.get_completer_delims()
             if not py3compat.PY3:
                 delims = delims.encode("ascii", "ignore")
             for d in self.readline_remove_delims:
                 delims = delims.replace(d, "")
             delims = delims.replace(ESC_MAGIC, '')
             readline.set_completer_delims(delims)
             # otherwise we end up with a monster history after a while:
             readline.set_history_length(self.history_length)
 
             self.refill_readline_hist()
             self.readline_no_record = ReadlineNoRecord(self)
 
         # Configure auto-indent for all platforms
         self.set_autoindent(self.autoindent)
 
     def refill_readline_hist(self):
         # Load the last 1000 lines from history
         self.readline.clear_history()
         stdin_encoding = sys.stdin.encoding or "utf-8"
         last_cell = u""
         for _, _, cell in self.history_manager.get_tail(1000,
                                                         include_latest=True):
             # Ignore blank lines and consecutive duplicates
             cell = cell.rstrip()
             if cell and (cell != last_cell):
                 if self.multiline_history:
                       self.readline.add_history(py3compat.unicode_to_str(cell,
                                                                 stdin_encoding))
                 else:
                     for line in cell.splitlines():
                         self.readline.add_history(py3compat.unicode_to_str(line,
                                                                 stdin_encoding))
                 last_cell = cell
 
     def set_next_input(self, s):
         """ Sets the 'default' input string for the next command line.
 
         Requires readline.
 
         Example:
 
         [D:\ipython]|1> _ip.set_next_input("Hello Word")
         [D:\ipython]|2> Hello Word_  # cursor is here
         """
         self.rl_next_input = py3compat.cast_bytes_py2(s)
 
     # Maybe move this to the terminal subclass?
     def pre_readline(self):
         """readline hook to be used at the start of each line.
 
         Currently it handles auto-indent only."""
 
         if self.rl_do_indent:
             self.readline.insert_text(self._indent_current_str())
         if self.rl_next_input is not None:
             self.readline.insert_text(self.rl_next_input)
             self.rl_next_input = None
 
     def _indent_current_str(self):
         """return the current level of indentation as a string"""
         return self.input_splitter.indent_spaces * ' '
 
     #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
     # Things related to text completion
     #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
     def init_completer(self):
         """Initialize the completion machinery.
 
         This creates completion machinery that can be used by client code,
         either interactively in-process (typically triggered by the readline
         library), programatically (such as in test suites) or out-of-prcess
         (typically over the network by remote frontends).
         """
         from IPython.core.completer import IPCompleter
         from IPython.core.completerlib import (module_completer,
                                                magic_run_completer, cd_completer)
 
         self.Completer = IPCompleter(shell=self,
                                      namespace=self.user_ns,
                                      global_namespace=self.user_global_ns,
                                      alias_table=self.alias_manager.alias_table,
                                      use_readline=self.has_readline,
                                      config=self.config,
                                      )
         self.configurables.append(self.Completer)
 
         # Add custom completers to the basic ones built into IPCompleter
         sdisp = self.strdispatchers.get('complete_command', StrDispatch())
         self.strdispatchers['complete_command'] = sdisp
         self.Completer.custom_completers = sdisp
 
         self.set_hook('complete_command', module_completer, str_key = 'import')
         self.set_hook('complete_command', module_completer, str_key = 'from')
         self.set_hook('complete_command', magic_run_completer, str_key = '%run')
         self.set_hook('complete_command', cd_completer, str_key = '%cd')
 
         # Only configure readline if we truly are using readline.  IPython can
         # do tab-completion over the network, in GUIs, etc, where readline
         # itself may be absent
         if self.has_readline:
             self.set_readline_completer()
 
     def complete(self, text, line=None, cursor_pos=None):
         """Return the completed text and a list of completions.
 
         Parameters
         ----------
 
            text : string
              A string of text to be completed on.  It can be given as empty and
              instead a line/position pair are given.  In this case, the
              completer itself will split the line like readline does.
 
            line : string, optional
              The complete line that text is part of.
 
            cursor_pos : int, optional
              The position of the cursor on the input line.
 
         Returns
         -------
           text : string
             The actual text that was completed.
 
           matches : list
             A sorted list with all possible completions.
 
         The optional arguments allow the completion to take more context into
         account, and are part of the low-level completion API.
 
         This is a wrapper around the completion mechanism, similar to what
         readline does at the command line when the TAB key is hit.  By
         exposing it as a method, it can be used by other non-readline
         environments (such as GUIs) for text completion.
 
         Simple usage example:
 
         In [1]: x = 'hello'
 
         In [2]: _ip.complete('x.l')
         Out[2]: ('x.l', ['x.ljust', 'x.lower', 'x.lstrip'])
         """
 
         # Inject names into __builtin__ so we can complete on the added names.
         with self.builtin_trap:
             return self.Completer.complete(text, line, cursor_pos)
 
     def set_custom_completer(self, completer, pos=0):
         """Adds a new custom completer function.
 
         The position argument (defaults to 0) is the index in the completers
         list where you want the completer to be inserted."""
 
         newcomp = types.MethodType(completer,self.Completer)
         self.Completer.matchers.insert(pos,newcomp)
 
     def set_readline_completer(self):
         """Reset readline's completer to be our own."""
         self.readline.set_completer(self.Completer.rlcomplete)
 
     def set_completer_frame(self, frame=None):
         """Set the frame of the completer."""
         if frame:
             self.Completer.namespace = frame.f_locals
             self.Completer.global_namespace = frame.f_globals
         else:
             self.Completer.namespace = self.user_ns
             self.Completer.global_namespace = self.user_global_ns
 
     #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
     # Things related to magics
     #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
     def init_magics(self):
         # FIXME: Move the color initialization to the DisplayHook, which
         # should be split into a prompt manager and displayhook. We probably
         # even need a centralize colors management object.
         self.magic_colors(self.colors)
         # History was moved to a separate module
         from . import history
         history.init_ipython(self)
 
     def magic(self, arg_s, next_input=None):
         """Call a magic function by name.
 
         Input: a string containing the name of the magic function to call and
         any additional arguments to be passed to the magic.
 
         magic('name -opt foo bar') is equivalent to typing at the ipython
         prompt:
 
         In[1]: %name -opt foo bar
 
         To call a magic without arguments, simply use magic('name').
 
         This provides a proper Python function to call IPython's magics in any
         valid Python code you can type at the interpreter, including loops and
         compound statements.
         """
         # Allow setting the next input - this is used if the user does `a=abs?`.
         # We do this first so that magic functions can override it.
         if next_input:
             self.set_next_input(next_input)
 
         args = arg_s.split(' ',1)
         magic_name = args[0]
         magic_name = magic_name.lstrip(prefilter.ESC_MAGIC)
 
         try:
             magic_args = args[1]
         except IndexError:
             magic_args = ''
         fn = getattr(self,'magic_'+magic_name,None)
         if fn is None:
             error("Magic function `%s` not found." % magic_name)
         else:
             magic_args = self.var_expand(magic_args,1)
             # Grab local namespace if we need it:
             if getattr(fn, "needs_local_scope", False):
                 self._magic_locals = sys._getframe(1).f_locals
             with self.builtin_trap:
                 result = fn(magic_args)
             # Ensure we're not keeping object references around:
             self._magic_locals = {}
             return result
 
     def define_magic(self, magicname, func):
         """Expose own function as magic function for ipython
         
         Example::
 
           def foo_impl(self,parameter_s=''):
               'My very own magic!. (Use docstrings, IPython reads them).'
               print 'Magic function. Passed parameter is between < >:'
               print '<%s>' % parameter_s
               print 'The self object is:', self
 
           ip.define_magic('foo',foo_impl)
         """
         im = types.MethodType(func,self)
         old = getattr(self, "magic_" + magicname, None)
         setattr(self, "magic_" + magicname, im)
         return old
 
     #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
     # Things related to macros
     #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
     def define_macro(self, name, themacro):
         """Define a new macro
 
         Parameters
         ----------
         name : str
             The name of the macro.
         themacro : str or Macro
             The action to do upon invoking the macro.  If a string, a new
             Macro object is created by passing the string to it.
         """
 
         from IPython.core import macro
 
         if isinstance(themacro, basestring):
             themacro = macro.Macro(themacro)
         if not isinstance(themacro, macro.Macro):
             raise ValueError('A macro must be a string or a Macro instance.')
         self.user_ns[name] = themacro
 
     #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
     # Things related to the running of system commands
     #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
     def system_piped(self, cmd):
         """Call the given cmd in a subprocess, piping stdout/err
 
         Parameters
         ----------
         cmd : str
           Command to execute (can not end in '&', as background processes are
           not supported.  Should not be a command that expects input
           other than simple text.
         """
         if cmd.rstrip().endswith('&'):
             # this is *far* from a rigorous test
             # We do not support backgrounding processes because we either use
             # pexpect or pipes to read from.  Users can always just call
             # os.system() or use ip.system=ip.system_raw
             # if they really want a background process.
             raise OSError("Background processes not supported.")
 
         # we explicitly do NOT return the subprocess status code, because
         # a non-None value would trigger :func:`sys.displayhook` calls.
         # Instead, we store the exit_code in user_ns.
         self.user_ns['_exit_code'] = system(self.var_expand(cmd, depth=2))
 
     def system_raw(self, cmd):
         """Call the given cmd in a subprocess using os.system
 
         Parameters
         ----------
         cmd : str
           Command to execute.
         """
         cmd = self.var_expand(cmd, depth=2)
         # protect os.system from UNC paths on Windows, which it can't handle:
         if sys.platform == 'win32':
             from IPython.utils._process_win32 import AvoidUNCPath
             with AvoidUNCPath() as path:
                 if path is not None:
                     cmd = '"pushd %s &&"%s' % (path, cmd)
                 cmd = py3compat.unicode_to_str(cmd)
                 ec = os.system(cmd)
         else:
             cmd = py3compat.unicode_to_str(cmd)
             ec = os.system(cmd)
         
         # We explicitly do NOT return the subprocess status code, because
         # a non-None value would trigger :func:`sys.displayhook` calls.
         # Instead, we store the exit_code in user_ns.
         self.user_ns['_exit_code'] = ec
 
     # use piped system by default, because it is better behaved
     system = system_piped
 
     def getoutput(self, cmd, split=True):
         """Get output (possibly including stderr) from a subprocess.
 
         Parameters
         ----------
         cmd : str
           Command to execute (can not end in '&', as background processes are
           not supported.
         split : bool, optional
 
           If True, split the output into an IPython SList.  Otherwise, an
           IPython LSString is returned.  These are objects similar to normal
           lists and strings, with a few convenience attributes for easier
           manipulation of line-based output.  You can use '?' on them for
           details.
           """
         if cmd.rstrip().endswith('&'):
             # this is *far* from a rigorous test
             raise OSError("Background processes not supported.")
         out = getoutput(self.var_expand(cmd, depth=2))
         if split:
             out = SList(out.splitlines())
         else:
             out = LSString(out)
         return out
 
     #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
     # Things related to aliases
     #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
     def init_alias(self):
         self.alias_manager = AliasManager(shell=self, config=self.config)
         self.configurables.append(self.alias_manager)
         self.ns_table['alias'] = self.alias_manager.alias_table,
 
     #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
     # Things related to extensions and plugins
     #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
     def init_extension_manager(self):
         self.extension_manager = ExtensionManager(shell=self, config=self.config)
         self.configurables.append(self.extension_manager)
 
     def init_plugin_manager(self):
         self.plugin_manager = PluginManager(config=self.config)
         self.configurables.append(self.plugin_manager)
         
 
     #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
     # Things related to payloads
     #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
     def init_payload(self):
         self.payload_manager = PayloadManager(config=self.config)
         self.configurables.append(self.payload_manager)
 
     #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
     # Things related to the prefilter
     #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
     def init_prefilter(self):
         self.prefilter_manager = PrefilterManager(shell=self, config=self.config)
         self.configurables.append(self.prefilter_manager)
         # Ultimately this will be refactored in the new interpreter code, but
         # for now, we should expose the main prefilter method (there's legacy
         # code out there that may rely on this).
         self.prefilter = self.prefilter_manager.prefilter_lines
 
     def auto_rewrite_input(self, cmd):
         """Print to the screen the rewritten form of the user's command.
 
         This shows visual feedback by rewriting input lines that cause
         automatic calling to kick in, like::
 
           /f x
 
         into::
 
           ------> f(x)
 
         after the user's input prompt.  This helps the user understand that the
         input line was transformed automatically by IPython.
         """
-        rw = self.displayhook.prompt1.auto_rewrite() + cmd
+        rw = self.prompt_manager.render('rewrite') + cmd
 
         try:
             # plain ascii works better w/ pyreadline, on some machines, so
             # we use it and only print uncolored rewrite if we have unicode
             rw = str(rw)
             print >> io.stdout, rw
         except UnicodeEncodeError:
             print "------> " + cmd
 
     #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
     # Things related to extracting values/expressions from kernel and user_ns
     #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
     def _simple_error(self):
         etype, value = sys.exc_info()[:2]
         return u'[ERROR] {e.__name__}: {v}'.format(e=etype, v=value)
 
     def user_variables(self, names):
         """Get a list of variable names from the user's namespace.
 
         Parameters
         ----------
         names : list of strings
           A list of names of variables to be read from the user namespace.
 
         Returns
         -------
         A dict, keyed by the input names and with the repr() of each value.
         """
         out = {}
         user_ns = self.user_ns
         for varname in names:
             try:
                 value = repr(user_ns[varname])
             except:
                 value = self._simple_error()
             out[varname] = value
         return out
 
     def user_expressions(self, expressions):
         """Evaluate a dict of expressions in the user's namespace.
 
         Parameters
         ----------
         expressions : dict
           A dict with string keys and string values.  The expression values
           should be valid Python expressions, each of which will be evaluated
           in the user namespace.
 
         Returns
         -------
         A dict, keyed like the input expressions dict, with the repr() of each
         value.
         """
         out = {}
         user_ns = self.user_ns
         global_ns = self.user_global_ns
         for key, expr in expressions.iteritems():
             try:
                 value = repr(eval(expr, global_ns, user_ns))
             except:
                 value = self._simple_error()
             out[key] = value
         return out
 
     #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
     # Things related to the running of code
     #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
     def ex(self, cmd):
         """Execute a normal python statement in user namespace."""
         with self.builtin_trap:
             exec cmd in self.user_global_ns, self.user_ns
 
     def ev(self, expr):
         """Evaluate python expression expr in user namespace.
 
         Returns the result of evaluation
         """
         with self.builtin_trap:
             return eval(expr, self.user_global_ns, self.user_ns)
 
     def safe_execfile(self, fname, *where, **kw):
         """A safe version of the builtin execfile().
 
         This version will never throw an exception, but instead print
         helpful error messages to the screen.  This only works on pure
         Python files with the .py extension.
 
         Parameters
         ----------
         fname : string
             The name of the file to be executed.
         where : tuple
             One or two namespaces, passed to execfile() as (globals,locals).
             If only one is given, it is passed as both.
         exit_ignore : bool (False)
             If True, then silence SystemExit for non-zero status (it is always
             silenced for zero status, as it is so common).
         raise_exceptions : bool (False)
             If True raise exceptions everywhere. Meant for testing.
 
         """
         kw.setdefault('exit_ignore', False)
         kw.setdefault('raise_exceptions', False)
 
         fname = os.path.abspath(os.path.expanduser(fname))
 
         # Make sure we can open the file
         try:
             with open(fname) as thefile:
                 pass
         except:
             warn('Could not open file <%s> for safe execution.' % fname)
             return
 
         # Find things also in current directory.  This is needed to mimic the
         # behavior of running a script from the system command line, where
         # Python inserts the script's directory into sys.path
         dname = os.path.dirname(fname)
 
         with prepended_to_syspath(dname):
             try:
                 py3compat.execfile(fname,*where)
             except SystemExit, status:
                 # If the call was made with 0 or None exit status (sys.exit(0)
                 # or sys.exit() ), don't bother showing a traceback, as both of
                 # these are considered normal by the OS:
                 # > python -c'import sys;sys.exit(0)'; echo $?
                 # 0
                 # > python -c'import sys;sys.exit()'; echo $?
                 # 0
                 # For other exit status, we show the exception unless
                 # explicitly silenced, but only in short form.
                 if kw['raise_exceptions']:
                     raise
                 if status.code not in (0, None) and not kw['exit_ignore']:
                     self.showtraceback(exception_only=True)
             except:
                 if kw['raise_exceptions']:
                     raise
                 self.showtraceback()
 
     def safe_execfile_ipy(self, fname):
         """Like safe_execfile, but for .ipy files with IPython syntax.
 
         Parameters
         ----------
         fname : str
             The name of the file to execute.  The filename must have a
             .ipy extension.
         """
         fname = os.path.abspath(os.path.expanduser(fname))
 
         # Make sure we can open the file
         try:
             with open(fname) as thefile:
                 pass
         except:
             warn('Could not open file <%s> for safe execution.' % fname)
             return
 
         # Find things also in current directory.  This is needed to mimic the
         # behavior of running a script from the system command line, where
         # Python inserts the script's directory into sys.path
         dname = os.path.dirname(fname)
 
         with prepended_to_syspath(dname):
             try:
                 with open(fname) as thefile:
                     # self.run_cell currently captures all exceptions
                     # raised in user code.  It would be nice if there were
                     # versions of runlines, execfile that did raise, so
                     # we could catch the errors.
                     self.run_cell(thefile.read(), store_history=False)
             except:
                 self.showtraceback()
                 warn('Unknown failure executing file: <%s>' % fname)
 
     def run_cell(self, raw_cell, store_history=False):
         """Run a complete IPython cell.
 
         Parameters
         ----------
         raw_cell : str
           The code (including IPython code such as %magic functions) to run.
         store_history : bool
           If True, the raw and translated cell will be stored in IPython's
           history. For user code calling back into IPython's machinery, this
           should be set to False.
         """
         if (not raw_cell) or raw_cell.isspace():
             return
 
         for line in raw_cell.splitlines():
             self.input_splitter.push(line)
         cell = self.input_splitter.source_reset()
 
         with self.builtin_trap:
             prefilter_failed = False
             if len(cell.splitlines()) == 1:
                 try:
                     # use prefilter_lines to handle trailing newlines
                     # restore trailing newline for ast.parse
                     cell = self.prefilter_manager.prefilter_lines(cell) + '\n'
                 except AliasError as e:
                     error(e)
                     prefilter_failed = True
                 except Exception:
                     # don't allow prefilter errors to crash IPython
                     self.showtraceback()
                     prefilter_failed = True
 
             # Store raw and processed history
             if store_history:
                 self.history_manager.store_inputs(self.execution_count,
                                                   cell, raw_cell)
 
             self.logger.log(cell, raw_cell)
 
             if not prefilter_failed:
                 # don't run if prefilter failed
                 cell_name = self.compile.cache(cell, self.execution_count)
 
                 with self.display_trap:
                     try:
                         code_ast = self.compile.ast_parse(cell, filename=cell_name)
                     except IndentationError:
                         self.showindentationerror()
                         self.execution_count += 1
                         return None
                     except (OverflowError, SyntaxError, ValueError, TypeError,
                             MemoryError):
                         self.showsyntaxerror()
                         self.execution_count += 1
                         return None
 
                     self.run_ast_nodes(code_ast.body, cell_name,
                                        interactivity="last_expr")
 
                     # Execute any registered post-execution functions.
                     for func, status in self._post_execute.iteritems():
                         if not status:
                             continue
                         try:
                             func()
                         except KeyboardInterrupt:
                             print >> io.stderr, "\nKeyboardInterrupt"
                         except Exception:
                             print >> io.stderr, "Disabling failed post-execution function: %s" % func
                             self.showtraceback()
                             # Deactivate failing function
                             self._post_execute[func] = False
 
         if store_history:
             # Write output to the database. Does nothing unless
             # history output logging is enabled.
             self.history_manager.store_output(self.execution_count)
             # Each cell is a *single* input, regardless of how many lines it has
             self.execution_count += 1
 
     def run_ast_nodes(self, nodelist, cell_name, interactivity='last_expr'):
         """Run a sequence of AST nodes. The execution mode depends on the
         interactivity parameter.
 
         Parameters
         ----------
         nodelist : list
           A sequence of AST nodes to run.
         cell_name : str
           Will be passed to the compiler as the filename of the cell. Typically
           the value returned by ip.compile.cache(cell).
         interactivity : str
           'all', 'last', 'last_expr' or 'none', specifying which nodes should be
           run interactively (displaying output from expressions). 'last_expr'
           will run the last node interactively only if it is an expression (i.e.
           expressions in loops or other blocks are not displayed. Other values
           for this parameter will raise a ValueError.
         """
         if not nodelist:
             return
 
         if interactivity == 'last_expr':
             if isinstance(nodelist[-1], ast.Expr):
                 interactivity = "last"
             else:
                 interactivity = "none"
 
         if interactivity == 'none':
             to_run_exec, to_run_interactive = nodelist, []
         elif interactivity == 'last':
             to_run_exec, to_run_interactive = nodelist[:-1], nodelist[-1:]
         elif interactivity == 'all':
             to_run_exec, to_run_interactive = [], nodelist
         else:
             raise ValueError("Interactivity was %r" % interactivity)
 
         exec_count = self.execution_count
 
         try:
             for i, node in enumerate(to_run_exec):
                 mod = ast.Module([node])
                 code = self.compile(mod, cell_name, "exec")
                 if self.run_code(code):
                     return True
 
             for i, node in enumerate(to_run_interactive):
                 mod = ast.Interactive([node])
                 code = self.compile(mod, cell_name, "single")
                 if self.run_code(code):
                     return True
         except:
             # It's possible to have exceptions raised here, typically by
             # compilation of odd code (such as a naked 'return' outside a
             # function) that did parse but isn't valid. Typically the exception
             # is a SyntaxError, but it's safest just to catch anything and show
             # the user a traceback.
 
             # We do only one try/except outside the loop to minimize the impact
             # on runtime, and also because if any node in the node list is
             # broken, we should stop execution completely.
             self.showtraceback()
 
         return False
 
     def run_code(self, code_obj):
         """Execute a code object.
 
         When an exception occurs, self.showtraceback() is called to display a
         traceback.
 
         Parameters
         ----------
         code_obj : code object
           A compiled code object, to be executed
         post_execute : bool [default: True]
           whether to call post_execute hooks after this particular execution.
 
         Returns
         -------
         False : successful execution.
         True : an error occurred.
         """
 
         # Set our own excepthook in case the user code tries to call it
         # directly, so that the IPython crash handler doesn't get triggered
         old_excepthook,sys.excepthook = sys.excepthook, self.excepthook
 
         # we save the original sys.excepthook in the instance, in case config
         # code (such as magics) needs access to it.
         self.sys_excepthook = old_excepthook
         outflag = 1  # happens in more places, so it's easier as default
         try:
             try:
                 self.hooks.pre_run_code_hook()
                 #rprint('Running code', repr(code_obj)) # dbg
                 exec code_obj in self.user_global_ns, self.user_ns
             finally:
                 # Reset our crash handler in place
                 sys.excepthook = old_excepthook
         except SystemExit:
             self.showtraceback(exception_only=True)
             warn("To exit: use 'exit', 'quit', or Ctrl-D.", level=1)
         except self.custom_exceptions:
             etype,value,tb = sys.exc_info()
             self.CustomTB(etype,value,tb)
         except:
             self.showtraceback()
         else:
             outflag = 0
             if softspace(sys.stdout, 0):
                 print
 
         return outflag
 
     # For backwards compatibility
     runcode = run_code
 
     #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
     # Things related to GUI support and pylab
     #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
     def enable_gui(self, gui=None):
         raise NotImplementedError('Implement enable_gui in a subclass')
 
     def enable_pylab(self, gui=None, import_all=True):
         """Activate pylab support at runtime.
 
         This turns on support for matplotlib, preloads into the interactive
         namespace all of numpy and pylab, and configures IPython to correctly
         interact with the GUI event loop.  The GUI backend to be used can be
         optionally selected with the optional :param:`gui` argument.
 
         Parameters
         ----------
         gui : optional, string
 
           If given, dictates the choice of matplotlib GUI backend to use
           (should be one of IPython's supported backends, 'qt', 'osx', 'tk',
           'gtk', 'wx' or 'inline'), otherwise we use the default chosen by
           matplotlib (as dictated by the matplotlib build-time options plus the
           user's matplotlibrc configuration file).  Note that not all backends
           make sense in all contexts, for example a terminal ipython can't
           display figures inline.
         """
 
         # We want to prevent the loading of pylab to pollute the user's
         # namespace as shown by the %who* magics, so we execute the activation
         # code in an empty namespace, and we update *both* user_ns and
         # user_ns_hidden with this information.
         ns = {}
         try:
             gui = pylab_activate(ns, gui, import_all, self)
         except KeyError:
             error("Backend %r not supported" % gui)
             return
         self.user_ns.update(ns)
         self.user_ns_hidden.update(ns)
         # Now we must activate the gui pylab wants to use, and fix %run to take
         # plot updates into account
         self.enable_gui(gui)
         self.magic_run = self._pylab_magic_run
 
     #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
     # Utilities
     #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
     def var_expand(self, cmd, depth=0, formatter=DollarFormatter()):
         """Expand python variables in a string.
 
         The depth argument indicates how many frames above the caller should
         be walked to look for the local namespace where to expand variables.
 
         The global namespace for expansion is always the user's interactive
         namespace.
         """
         ns = self.user_ns.copy()
         ns.update(sys._getframe(depth+1).f_locals)
         ns.pop('self', None)
         return formatter.format(cmd, **ns)
 
     def mktempfile(self, data=None, prefix='ipython_edit_'):
         """Make a new tempfile and return its filename.
 
         This makes a call to tempfile.mktemp, but it registers the created
         filename internally so ipython cleans it up at exit time.
 
         Optional inputs:
 
           - data(None): if data is given, it gets written out to the temp file
           immediately, and the file is closed again."""
 
         filename = tempfile.mktemp('.py', prefix)
         self.tempfiles.append(filename)
 
         if data:
             tmp_file = open(filename,'w')
             tmp_file.write(data)
             tmp_file.close()
         return filename
 
     # TODO:  This should be removed when Term is refactored.
     def write(self,data):
         """Write a string to the default output"""
         io.stdout.write(data)
 
     # TODO:  This should be removed when Term is refactored.
     def write_err(self,data):
         """Write a string to the default error output"""
         io.stderr.write(data)
 
     def ask_yes_no(self, prompt, default=None):
         if self.quiet:
             return True
         return ask_yes_no(prompt,default)
 
     def show_usage(self):
         """Show a usage message"""
         page.page(IPython.core.usage.interactive_usage)
 
     def find_user_code(self, target, raw=True):
         """Get a code string from history, file, or a string or macro.
 
         This is mainly used by magic functions.
 
         Parameters
         ----------
         target : str
           A string specifying code to retrieve. This will be tried respectively
           as: ranges of input history (see %history for syntax), a filename, or
           an expression evaluating to a string or Macro in the user namespace.
         raw : bool
           If true (default), retrieve raw history. Has no effect on the other
           retrieval mechanisms.
 
         Returns
         -------
         A string of code.
 
         ValueError is raised if nothing is found, and TypeError if it evaluates
         to an object of another type. In each case, .args[0] is a printable
         message.
         """
         code = self.extract_input_lines(target, raw=raw)  # Grab history
         if code:
             return code
         if os.path.isfile(target):                        # Read file
             return open(target, "r").read()
 
         try:                                              # User namespace
             codeobj = eval(target, self.user_ns)
         except Exception:
             raise ValueError(("'%s' was not found in history, as a file, nor in"
                                 " the user namespace.") % target)
         if isinstance(codeobj, basestring):
             return codeobj
         elif isinstance(codeobj, Macro):
             return codeobj.value
 
         raise TypeError("%s is neither a string nor a macro." % target,
                         codeobj)
 
     #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
     # Things related to IPython exiting
     #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
     def atexit_operations(self):
         """This will be executed at the time of exit.
 
         Cleanup operations and saving of persistent data that is done
         unconditionally by IPython should be performed here.
 
         For things that may depend on startup flags or platform specifics (such
         as having readline or not), register a separate atexit function in the
         code that has the appropriate information, rather than trying to
         clutter
         """
         # Close the history session (this stores the end time and line count)
         # this must be *before* the tempfile cleanup, in case of temporary
         # history db
         self.history_manager.end_session()
 
         # Cleanup all tempfiles left around
         for tfile in self.tempfiles:
             try:
                 os.unlink(tfile)
             except OSError:
                 pass
 
         # Clear all user namespaces to release all references cleanly.
         self.reset(new_session=False)
 
         # Run user hooks
         self.hooks.shutdown_hook()
 
     def cleanup(self):
         self.restore_sys_module_state()
 
 
 class InteractiveShellABC(object):
     """An abstract base class for InteractiveShell."""
     __metaclass__ = abc.ABCMeta
 
 InteractiveShellABC.register(InteractiveShell)

IPython/core/prompts.py

@@ -1,436 +1,378 b''
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 """Classes for handling input/output prompts.
 
 Authors:
 
 * Fernando Perez
 * Brian Granger
 """
 
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 #       Copyright (C) 2008-2011 The IPython Development Team
 #       Copyright (C) 2001-2007 Fernando Perez <[e-mail]>
 #
 #  Distributed under the terms of the BSD License.  The full license is in
 #  the file COPYING, distributed as part of this software.
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Imports
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 import os
 import re
 import socket
 import sys
+import time
 
+from IPython.config.configurable import Configurable
 from IPython.core import release
-from IPython.external.Itpl import ItplNS
 from IPython.utils import coloransi
+from IPython.utils.traitlets import (Unicode, Instance, Dict, Bool, Int)
 
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Color schemes for prompts
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-PromptColors = coloransi.ColorSchemeTable()
 InputColors = coloransi.InputTermColors  # just a shorthand
 Colors = coloransi.TermColors  # just a shorthand
 
-PromptColors.add_scheme(coloransi.ColorScheme(
+color_lists = dict(normal=Colors(), inp=InputColors(), nocolor=coloransi.NoColors())
+
+PColNoColors = coloransi.ColorScheme(
     'NoColor',
     in_prompt  = InputColors.NoColor,  # Input prompt
     in_number  = InputColors.NoColor,  # Input prompt number
     in_prompt2 = InputColors.NoColor, # Continuation prompt
     in_normal  = InputColors.NoColor,  # color off (usu. Colors.Normal)
 
     out_prompt = Colors.NoColor, # Output prompt
     out_number = Colors.NoColor, # Output prompt number
 
     normal = Colors.NoColor  # color off (usu. Colors.Normal)
-    ))
+    )
 
 # make some schemes as instances so we can copy them for modification easily:
-__PColLinux =  coloransi.ColorScheme(
+PColLinux =  coloransi.ColorScheme(
     'Linux',
     in_prompt  = InputColors.Green,
     in_number  = InputColors.LightGreen,
     in_prompt2 = InputColors.Green,
     in_normal  = InputColors.Normal,  # color off (usu. Colors.Normal)
 
     out_prompt = Colors.Red,
     out_number = Colors.LightRed,
 
     normal = Colors.Normal
     )
-# Don't forget to enter it into the table!
-PromptColors.add_scheme(__PColLinux)
 
 # Slightly modified Linux for light backgrounds
-__PColLightBG  = __PColLinux.copy('LightBG')
+PColLightBG  = PColLinux.copy('LightBG')
 
-__PColLightBG.colors.update(
+PColLightBG.colors.update(
     in_prompt  = InputColors.Blue,
     in_number  = InputColors.LightBlue,
     in_prompt2 = InputColors.Blue
 )
-PromptColors.add_scheme(__PColLightBG)
-
-del Colors,InputColors
 
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Utilities
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
+class LazyEvaluate(object):
+    """This is used for formatting strings with values that need to be updated
+    at that time, such as the current time or line number."""
+    def __init__(self, func, *args, **kwargs):
+        self.func = func
+        self.args = args
+        self.kwargs = kwargs
+    
+    def __call__(self, **kwargs):
+        self.kwargs.update(kwargs)
+        return self.func(*self.args, **self.kwargs)
+    
+    def __str__(self):
+        return str(self())
+
 def multiple_replace(dict, text):
     """ Replace in 'text' all occurences of any key in the given
     dictionary by its corresponding value.  Returns the new string."""
 
     # Function by Xavier Defrang, originally found at:
     # http://aspn.activestate.com/ASPN/Cookbook/Python/Recipe/81330
 
     # Create a regular expression  from the dictionary keys
     regex = re.compile("(%s)" % "|".join(map(re.escape, dict.keys())))
     # For each match, look-up corresponding value in dictionary
     return regex.sub(lambda mo: dict[mo.string[mo.start():mo.end()]], text)
 
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Special characters that can be used in prompt templates, mainly bash-like
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 # If $HOME isn't defined (Windows), make it an absurd string so that it can
 # never be expanded out into '~'.  Basically anything which can never be a
 # reasonable directory name will do, we just want the $HOME -> '~' operation
 # to become a no-op.  We pre-compute $HOME here so it's not done on every
 # prompt call.
 
 # FIXME:
 
 # - This should be turned into a class which does proper namespace management,
 # since the prompt specials need to be evaluated in a certain namespace.
 # Currently it's just globals, which need to be managed manually by code
 # below.
 
 # - I also need to split up the color schemes from the prompt specials
 # somehow.  I don't have a clean design for that quite yet.
 
 HOME = os.environ.get("HOME","//////:::::ZZZZZ,,,~~~")
 
 # We precompute a few more strings here for the prompt_specials, which are
 # fixed once ipython starts.  This reduces the runtime overhead of computing
 # prompt strings.
 USER           = os.environ.get("USER")
 HOSTNAME       = socket.gethostname()
 HOSTNAME_SHORT = HOSTNAME.split(".")[0]
-ROOT_SYMBOL    = "$#"[os.name=='nt' or os.getuid()==0]
+ROOT_SYMBOL    = "#" if (os.name=='nt' or os.getuid()==0) else "$"
 
-prompt_specials_color = {
+prompt_abbreviations = {
     # Prompt/history count
-    '%n' : '${self.col_num}' '${self.cache.prompt_count}' '${self.col_p}',
-    r'\#': '${self.col_num}' '${self.cache.prompt_count}' '${self.col_p}',
+    '%n' : '{color.number}' '{count}' '{color.prompt}',
+    r'\#': '{color.number}' '{count}' '{color.prompt}',
     # Just the prompt counter number, WITHOUT any coloring wrappers, so users
     # can get numbers displayed in whatever color they want.
-    r'\N': '${self.cache.prompt_count}',
+    r'\N': '{count}',
 
     # Prompt/history count, with the actual digits replaced by dots.  Used
     # mainly in continuation prompts (prompt_in2)
-    #r'\D': '${"."*len(str(self.cache.prompt_count))}',
+    r'\D': '{dots}',
 
-    # More robust form of the above expression, that uses the __builtin__
-    # module.  Note that we can NOT use __builtins__ (note the 's'), because
-    # that can either be a dict or a module, and can even mutate at runtime,
-    # depending on the context (Python makes no guarantees on it).  In
-    # contrast, __builtin__ is always a module object, though it must be
-    # explicitly imported.
-    r'\D': '${"."*__builtin__.len(__builtin__.str(self.cache.prompt_count))}',
-
-    # Current working directory
-    r'\w': '${os.getcwd()}',
     # Current time
-    r'\t' : '${time.strftime("%H:%M:%S")}',
+    r'\t' : '{time}',
+    # Current working directory
+    r'\w': '{cwd}',
     # Basename of current working directory.
     # (use os.sep to make this portable across OSes)
-    r'\W' : '${os.getcwd().split("%s")[-1]}' % os.sep,
+    r'\W' : '{cwd_last}',
     # These X<N> are an extension to the normal bash prompts.  They return
     # N terms of the path, after replacing $HOME with '~'
-    r'\X0': '${os.getcwd().replace("%s","~")}' % HOME,
-    r'\X1': '${self.cwd_filt(1)}',
-    r'\X2': '${self.cwd_filt(2)}',
-    r'\X3': '${self.cwd_filt(3)}',
-    r'\X4': '${self.cwd_filt(4)}',
-    r'\X5': '${self.cwd_filt(5)}',
+    r'\X0': '{cwd_x[0])}',
+    r'\X1': '{cwd_x[1])}',
+    r'\X2': '{cwd_x[2])}',
+    r'\X3': '{cwd_x[3])}',
+    r'\X4': '{cwd_x[4])}',
+    r'\X5': '{cwd_x[5])}',
     # Y<N> are similar to X<N>, but they show '~' if it's the directory
     # N+1 in the list.  Somewhat like %cN in tcsh.
-    r'\Y0': '${self.cwd_filt2(0)}',
-    r'\Y1': '${self.cwd_filt2(1)}',
-    r'\Y2': '${self.cwd_filt2(2)}',
-    r'\Y3': '${self.cwd_filt2(3)}',
-    r'\Y4': '${self.cwd_filt2(4)}',
-    r'\Y5': '${self.cwd_filt2(5)}',
+    r'\Y0': '{cwd_y[0])}',
+    r'\Y1': '{cwd_y[1])}',
+    r'\Y2': '{cwd_y[2])}',
+    r'\Y3': '{cwd_y[3])}',
+    r'\Y4': '{cwd_y[4])}',
+    r'\Y5': '{cwd_y[5])}',
     # Hostname up to first .
     r'\h': HOSTNAME_SHORT,
     # Full hostname
     r'\H': HOSTNAME,
     # Username of current user
     r'\u': USER,
     # Escaped '\'
     '\\\\': '\\',
     # Newline
     r'\n': '\n',
     # Carriage return
     r'\r': '\r',
     # Release version
     r'\v': release.version,
     # Root symbol ($ or #)
     r'\$': ROOT_SYMBOL,
     }
 
-# A copy of the prompt_specials dictionary but with all color escapes removed,
-# so we can correctly compute the prompt length for the auto_rewrite method.
-prompt_specials_nocolor = prompt_specials_color.copy()
-prompt_specials_nocolor['%n'] = '${self.cache.prompt_count}'
-prompt_specials_nocolor[r'\#'] = '${self.cache.prompt_count}'
-
-# Add in all the InputTermColors color escapes as valid prompt characters.
-# They all get added as \\C_COLORNAME, so that we don't have any conflicts
-# with a color name which may begin with a letter used by any other of the
-# allowed specials.  This of course means that \\C will never be allowed for
-# anything else.
-input_colors = coloransi.InputTermColors
-for _color in dir(input_colors):
-    if _color[0] != '_':
-        c_name = r'\C_'+_color
-        prompt_specials_color[c_name] = getattr(input_colors,_color)
-        prompt_specials_nocolor[c_name] = ''
-
-# we default to no color for safety.  Note that prompt_specials is a global
-# variable used by all prompt objects.
-prompt_specials = prompt_specials_nocolor
-
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # More utilities
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 def str_safe(arg):
     """Convert to a string, without ever raising an exception.
 
     If str(arg) fails, <ERROR: ... > is returned, where ... is the exception
     error message."""
 
     try:
         out = str(arg)
     except UnicodeError:
         try:
             out = arg.encode('utf_8','replace')
         except Exception,msg:
             # let's keep this little duplication here, so that the most common
             # case doesn't suffer from a double try wrapping.
             out = '<ERROR: %s>' % msg
     except Exception,msg:
         out = '<ERROR: %s>' % msg
         #raise  # dbg
     return out
 
-#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-# Prompt classes
-#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
-
-class BasePrompt(object):
-    """Interactive prompt similar to Mathematica's."""
-
-    def _get_p_template(self):
-        return self._p_template
-
-    def _set_p_template(self,val):
-        self._p_template = val
-        self.set_p_str()
+def cwd_filt(self, depth):
+    """Return the last depth elements of the current working directory.
 
-    p_template = property(_get_p_template,_set_p_template,
-                          doc='Template for prompt string creation')
+    $HOME is always replaced with '~'.
+    If depth==0, the full path is returned."""
 
-    def __init__(self, cache, sep, prompt, pad_left=False):
+    cwd = os.getcwd().replace(HOME,"~")
+    out = os.sep.join(cwd.split(os.sep)[-depth:])
+    return out or os.sep
 
-        # Hack: we access information about the primary prompt through the
-        # cache argument.  We need this, because we want the secondary prompt
-        # to be aligned with the primary one.  Color table info is also shared
-        # by all prompt classes through the cache.  Nice OO spaghetti code!
-        self.cache = cache
-        self.sep = sep
+def cwd_filt2(self, depth):
+    """Return the last depth elements of the current working directory.
 
-        # regexp to count the number of spaces at the end of a prompt
-        # expression, useful for prompt auto-rewriting
-        self.rspace = re.compile(r'(\s*)$')
-        # Flag to left-pad prompt strings to match the length of the primary
-        # prompt
-        self.pad_left = pad_left
+    $HOME is always replaced with '~'.
+    If depth==0, the full path is returned."""
 
-        # Set template to create each actual prompt (where numbers change).
-        # Use a property
-        self.p_template = prompt
-        self.set_p_str()
+    full_cwd = os.getcwd()
+    cwd = full_cwd.replace(HOME,"~").split(os.sep)
+    if '~' in cwd and len(cwd) == depth+1:
+        depth += 1
+    drivepart = ''
+    if sys.platform == 'win32' and len(cwd) > depth:
+        drivepart = os.path.splitdrive(full_cwd)[0]
+    out = drivepart + '/'.join(cwd[-depth:])
 
-    def set_p_str(self):
-        """ Set the interpolating prompt strings.
+    return out or os.sep
 
-        This must be called every time the color settings change, because the
-        prompt_specials global may have changed."""
-
-        import os,time  # needed in locals for prompt string handling
-        loc = locals()
-        try:
-            self.p_str = ItplNS('%s%s%s' %
-                                ('${self.sep}${self.col_p}',
-                                 multiple_replace(prompt_specials, self.p_template),
-                                 '${self.col_norm}'),self.cache.shell.user_ns,loc)
-
-            self.p_str_nocolor = ItplNS(multiple_replace(prompt_specials_nocolor,
-                                                         self.p_template),
-                                        self.cache.shell.user_ns,loc)
-        except:
-            print "Illegal prompt template (check $ usage!):",self.p_template
-            self.p_str = self.p_template
-            self.p_str_nocolor = self.p_template
-
-    def write(self, msg):
-        sys.stdout.write(msg)
-        return ''
-
-    def __str__(self):
-        """Return a string form of the prompt.
-
-        This for is useful for continuation and output prompts, since it is
-        left-padded to match lengths with the primary one (if the
-        self.pad_left attribute is set)."""
-
-        out_str = str_safe(self.p_str)
-        if self.pad_left:
-            # We must find the amount of padding required to match lengths,
-            # taking the color escapes (which are invisible on-screen) into
-            # account.
-            esc_pad = len(out_str) - len(str_safe(self.p_str_nocolor))
-            format = '%%%ss' % (len(str(self.cache.last_prompt))+esc_pad)
-            return format % out_str
-        else:
-            return out_str
-
-    # these path filters are put in as methods so that we can control the
-    # namespace where the prompt strings get evaluated
-    def cwd_filt(self, depth):
-        """Return the last depth elements of the current working directory.
-
-        $HOME is always replaced with '~'.
-        If depth==0, the full path is returned."""
-
-        cwd = os.getcwd().replace(HOME,"~")
-        out = os.sep.join(cwd.split(os.sep)[-depth:])
-        if out:
-            return out
-        else:
-            return os.sep
-
-    def cwd_filt2(self, depth):
-        """Return the last depth elements of the current working directory.
-
-        $HOME is always replaced with '~'.
-        If depth==0, the full path is returned."""
-
-        full_cwd = os.getcwd()
-        cwd = full_cwd.replace(HOME,"~").split(os.sep)
-        if '~' in cwd and len(cwd) == depth+1:
-            depth += 1
-        drivepart = ''
-        if sys.platform == 'win32' and len(cwd) > depth:
-            drivepart = os.path.splitdrive(full_cwd)[0]
-        out = drivepart + '/'.join(cwd[-depth:])
+#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
+# Prompt classes
+#-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
-        if out:
-            return out
+lazily_evaluate = {'time': LazyEvaluate(time.strftime, "%H:%M:%S"),
+                   'cwd': LazyEvaluate(os.getcwd),
+                   'cwd_last': LazyEvaluate(lambda: os.getcwd().split(os.sep)[-1]),
+                   'cwd_x': [LazyEvaluate(lambda: os.getcwd().replace("%s","~"))] +\
+                            [LazyEvaluate(cwd_filt, x) for x in range(1,6)],
+                   'cwd_y': [LazyEvaluate(cwd_filt2, x) for x in range(6)]
+                   }
+        
+
+class PromptManager(Configurable):
+    shell = Instance('IPython.core.interactiveshell.InteractiveShellABC')
+    
+    color_scheme_table = Instance(coloransi.ColorSchemeTable)
+    color_scheme = Unicode('Linux')
+    def _color_scheme_changed(self, name, new_value):
+        self.color_scheme_table.set_active_scheme(new_value)
+        for pname in ['in', 'in2', 'out', 'rewrite']:
+            # We need to recalculate the number of invisible characters
+            self.update_prompt(pname)
+    
+    # These fields can be referenced in prompt templates, and are evaluated
+    # when the prompt is generated - for things like timestamps. They are only
+    # evaluated if a prompt uses them.
+    lazy_evaluate_fields = Dict()
+    def _lazy_evaluate_fields_default(self): return lazily_evaluate.copy()
+    
+    in_template = Unicode('In [\\#]: ', config=True)
+    in2_template = Unicode('   .\\D.: ', config=True)
+    out_template = Unicode('Out[\\#]: ', config=True)
+    rewrite_template = Unicode("------> ", config=True)
+    
+    # Justify prompts by default?
+    justify = Bool(True)
+    
+    # We actually store the expanded templates here:
+    templates = Dict()
+    
+    # The number of characters in the last prompt rendered, not including
+    # colour characters.
+    width = Int()
+    
+    # The number of characters in each prompt which don't contribute to width
+    invisible_chars = Dict()
+    def _invisible_chars_default(self):
+        return {'in': 0, 'in2': 0, 'out': 0, 'rewrite': 0}
+    
+    def __init__(self, shell, config=None):
+        super(PromptManager, self).__init__(shell=shell, config=config)
+        
+        # Prepare colour scheme table
+        self.color_scheme_table = coloransi.ColorSchemeTable([PColNoColors,
+                                    PColLinux, PColLightBG], self.color_scheme)
+        
+        # Prepare templates
+        self.update_prompt('in', self.in_template)
+        self.update_prompt('in2', self.in2_template)
+        self.update_prompt('out', self.out_template)
+        self.update_prompt('rewrite', self.rewrite_template)
+        self.on_trait_change(self._update_prompt_trait, ['in_template',
+                            'in2_template', 'out_template', 'rewrite_template'])
+    
+    def update_prompt(self, name, new_template=None):
+        if new_template is not None:
+            self.templates[name] = multiple_replace(prompt_abbreviations, new_template)
+        invis_chars = len(self.render(name, color=True, just=False)) - \
+                            len(self.render(name, color=False, just=False))
+        self.invisible_chars[name] = invis_chars
+    
+    def _update_prompt_trait(self, traitname, new_template):
+        name = traitname[:-9]   # Cut off '_template'
+        self.update_prompt(name, new_template)
+    
+    def render(self, name, color=True, just=None, **kwargs):
+        """
+        Render the selected prompt.
+        
+        Parameters
+        ----------
+        name : str
+          Which prompt to render. One of 'in', 'in2', 'out', 'rewrite'
+        color : bool
+          If True (default), include ANSI escape sequences for a coloured prompt.
+        just : bool
+          If True, justify the prompt to the width of the last prompt. The
+          default is stored in self.justify.
+        **kwargs :
+          Additional arguments will be passed to the string formatting operation,
+          so they can override the values that would otherwise fill in the
+          template.
+        
+        Returns
+        -------
+        A string containing the rendered prompt.
+        """
+        if color:
+            scheme = self.color_scheme_table.active_colors
+            if name=='out':
+                colors = color_lists['normal']
+                colors.number, colors.prompt, colors.normal = \
+                        scheme.out_number, scheme.out_prompt, scheme.normal
+            else:
+                colors = color_lists['inp']
+                colors.number, colors.prompt, colors.normal = \
+                        scheme.in_number, scheme.in_prompt, scheme.in_normal
+                if name=='in2':
+                    colors.prompt = scheme.in_prompt2
         else:
-            return os.sep
-
-    def __nonzero__(self):
-        """Implement boolean behavior.
-
-        Checks whether the p_str attribute is non-empty"""
-
-        return bool(self.p_template)
-
-
-class Prompt1(BasePrompt):
-    """Input interactive prompt similar to Mathematica's."""
-
-    def __init__(self, cache, sep='\n', prompt='In [\\#]: ', pad_left=True):
-        BasePrompt.__init__(self, cache, sep, prompt, pad_left)
-
-    def set_colors(self):
-        self.set_p_str()
-        Colors = self.cache.color_table.active_colors # shorthand
-        self.col_p = Colors.in_prompt
-        self.col_num = Colors.in_number
-        self.col_norm = Colors.in_normal
-        # We need a non-input version of these escapes for the '--->'
-        # auto-call prompts used in the auto_rewrite() method.
-        self.col_p_ni = self.col_p.replace('\001','').replace('\002','')
-        self.col_norm_ni = Colors.normal
-
-    def __str__(self):
-        self.cache.last_prompt = str_safe(self.p_str_nocolor).split('\n')[-1]
-        return str_safe(self.p_str)
-
-    def auto_rewrite(self):
-        """Return a string of the form '--->' which lines up with the previous
-        input string. Useful for systems which re-write the user input when
-        handling automatically special syntaxes."""
-
-        curr = str(self.cache.last_prompt)
-        nrspaces = len(self.rspace.search(curr).group())
-        return '%s%s>%s%s' % (self.col_p_ni,'-'*(len(curr)-nrspaces-1),
-                              ' '*nrspaces,self.col_norm_ni)
-
-
-class PromptOut(BasePrompt):
-    """Output interactive prompt similar to Mathematica's."""
-
-    def __init__(self, cache, sep='', prompt='Out[\\#]: ', pad_left=True):
-        BasePrompt.__init__(self, cache, sep, prompt, pad_left)
-        if not self.p_template:
-            self.__str__ = lambda: ''
-
-    def set_colors(self):
-        self.set_p_str()
-        Colors = self.cache.color_table.active_colors # shorthand
-        self.col_p = Colors.out_prompt
-        self.col_num = Colors.out_number
-        self.col_norm = Colors.normal
-
-
-class Prompt2(BasePrompt):
-    """Interactive continuation prompt."""
-
-    def __init__(self, cache, prompt='   .\\D.: ', pad_left=True):
-        self.cache = cache
-        self.p_template = prompt
-        self.pad_left = pad_left
-        self.set_p_str()
-
-    def set_p_str(self):
-        import os,time  # needed in locals for prompt string handling
-        loc = locals()
-        self.p_str = ItplNS('%s%s%s' %
-                            ('${self.col_p2}',
-                             multiple_replace(prompt_specials, self.p_template),
-                             '$self.col_norm'),
-                            self.cache.shell.user_ns,loc)
-        self.p_str_nocolor = ItplNS(multiple_replace(prompt_specials_nocolor,
-                                                     self.p_template),
-                                    self.cache.shell.user_ns,loc)
-
-    def set_colors(self):
-        self.set_p_str()
-        Colors = self.cache.color_table.active_colors
-        self.col_p2 = Colors.in_prompt2
-        self.col_norm = Colors.in_normal
-        # FIXME (2004-06-16) HACK: prevent crashes for users who haven't
-        # updated their prompt_in2 definitions.  Remove eventually.
-        self.col_p = Colors.out_prompt
-        self.col_num = Colors.out_number
+            # No color
+            colors = color_lists['nocolor']
+            colors.number, colors.prompt, colors.normal = '', '', ''
+        
+        count = self.shell.execution_count    # Shorthand
+        # Build the dictionary to be passed to string formatting
+        fmtargs = dict(color=colors, count=count,
+                        dots="."*len(str(count)) )
+        fmtargs.update(self.lazy_evaluate_fields)
+        fmtargs.update(kwargs)
+        
+        # Prepare the prompt
+        prompt = colors.prompt + self.templates[name] + colors.normal
+        
+        # Fill in required fields
+        res = prompt.format(**fmtargs)
+        
+        # Handle justification of prompt
+        invis_chars = self.invisible_chars[name] if color else 0
+        just = self.justify if (just is None) else just
+        if just:
+            res = res.rjust(self.width + invis_chars)
+        self.width = len(res) - invis_chars
+        return res
 

IPython/core/tests/test_run.py

@@ -1,242 +1,242 b''
 """Tests for code execution (%run and related), which is particularly tricky.
 
 Because of how %run manages namespaces, and the fact that we are trying here to
 verify subtle object deletion and reference counting issues, the %run tests
 will be kept in this separate file.  This makes it easier to aggregate in one
 place the tricks needed to handle it; most other magics are much easier to test
 and we do so in a common test_magic file.
 """
 from __future__ import absolute_import
 
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Imports
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 import os
 import sys
 import tempfile
 
 import nose.tools as nt
 from nose import SkipTest
 
 from IPython.testing import decorators as dec
 from IPython.testing import tools as tt
 from IPython.utils import py3compat
 
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Test functions begin
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 def doctest_refbug():
     """Very nasty problem with references held by multiple runs of a script.
     See: https://github.com/ipython/ipython/issues/141
 
     In [1]: _ip.clear_main_mod_cache()
     # random
 
     In [2]: %run refbug
 
     In [3]: call_f()
     lowercased: hello
 
     In [4]: %run refbug
 
     In [5]: call_f()
     lowercased: hello
     lowercased: hello
     """
 
 
 def doctest_run_builtins():
     r"""Check that %run doesn't damage __builtins__.
 
     In [1]: import tempfile
 
     In [2]: bid1 = id(__builtins__)
 
     In [3]: fname = tempfile.mkstemp('.py')[1]
 
     In [3]: f = open(fname,'w')
 
     In [4]: dummy= f.write('pass\n')
 
     In [5]: f.flush()
 
     In [6]: t1 = type(__builtins__)
 
     In [7]: %run $fname
 
     In [7]: f.close()
 
     In [8]: bid2 = id(__builtins__)
 
     In [9]: t2 = type(__builtins__)
 
     In [10]: t1 == t2
     Out[10]: True
 
     In [10]: bid1 == bid2
     Out[10]: True
 
     In [12]: try:
        ....:     os.unlink(fname)
        ....: except:
        ....:     pass
        ....:
     """
 
 @py3compat.doctest_refactor_print
 def doctest_reset_del():
     """Test that resetting doesn't cause errors in __del__ methods.
 
     In [2]: class A(object):
        ...:     def __del__(self):
        ...:         print str("Hi")
        ...:
 
     In [3]: a = A()
 
     In [4]: get_ipython().reset()
     Hi
 
     In [5]: 1+1
     Out[5]: 2
     """
 
 # For some tests, it will be handy to organize them in a class with a common
 # setup that makes a temp file
 
 class TestMagicRunPass(tt.TempFileMixin):
 
     def setup(self):
         """Make a valid python temp file."""
         self.mktmp('pass\n')
         
     def run_tmpfile(self):
         _ip = get_ipython()
         # This fails on Windows if self.tmpfile.name has spaces or "~" in it.
         # See below and ticket https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/366353
         _ip.magic('run %s' % self.fname)
         
     def run_tmpfile_p(self):
         _ip = get_ipython()
         # This fails on Windows if self.tmpfile.name has spaces or "~" in it.
         # See below and ticket https://bugs.launchpad.net/bugs/366353
         _ip.magic('run -p %s' % self.fname)
 
     def test_builtins_id(self):
         """Check that %run doesn't damage __builtins__ """
         _ip = get_ipython()
         # Test that the id of __builtins__ is not modified by %run
         bid1 = id(_ip.user_ns['__builtins__'])
         self.run_tmpfile()
         bid2 = id(_ip.user_ns['__builtins__'])
         tt.assert_equals(bid1, bid2)
 
     def test_builtins_type(self):
         """Check that the type of __builtins__ doesn't change with %run.
 
         However, the above could pass if __builtins__ was already modified to
         be a dict (it should be a module) by a previous use of %run.  So we
         also check explicitly that it really is a module:
         """
         _ip = get_ipython()
         self.run_tmpfile()
         tt.assert_equals(type(_ip.user_ns['__builtins__']),type(sys))
 
     def test_prompts(self):
         """Test that prompts correctly generate after %run"""
         self.run_tmpfile()
         _ip = get_ipython()
-        p2 = str(_ip.displayhook.prompt2).strip()
+        p2 = _ip.prompt_manager.render('in2').strip()
         nt.assert_equals(p2[:3], '...')
         
     def test_run_profile( self ):
         """Test that the option -p, which invokes the profiler, do not
         crash by invoking execfile"""
         _ip = get_ipython()
         self.run_tmpfile_p()
 
 
 class TestMagicRunSimple(tt.TempFileMixin):
 
     def test_simpledef(self):
         """Test that simple class definitions work."""
         src = ("class foo: pass\n"
                "def f(): return foo()")
         self.mktmp(src)
         _ip.magic('run %s' % self.fname)
         _ip.run_cell('t = isinstance(f(), foo)')
         nt.assert_true(_ip.user_ns['t'])
 
     def test_obj_del(self):
         """Test that object's __del__ methods are called on exit."""
         if sys.platform == 'win32':
             try:
                 import win32api
             except ImportError:
                 raise SkipTest("Test requires pywin32")
         src = ("class A(object):\n"
                "    def __del__(self):\n"
                "        print 'object A deleted'\n"
                "a = A()\n")
         self.mktmp(py3compat.doctest_refactor_print(src))
         if dec.module_not_available('sqlite3'):
             err = 'WARNING: IPython History requires SQLite, your history will not be saved\n'
         else:
             err = None
         tt.ipexec_validate(self.fname, 'object A deleted', err)
     
     @dec.skip_known_failure 
     def test_aggressive_namespace_cleanup(self):
         """Test that namespace cleanup is not too aggressive GH-238
 
         Returning from another run magic deletes the namespace"""
         # see ticket https://github.com/ipython/ipython/issues/238
         class secondtmp(tt.TempFileMixin): pass
         empty = secondtmp()
         empty.mktmp('')
         src = ("ip = get_ipython()\n"
                "for i in range(5):\n"
                "   try:\n"
                "       ip.magic('run %s')\n"
                "   except NameError, e:\n"
                "       print i;break\n" % empty.fname)
         self.mktmp(py3compat.doctest_refactor_print(src))
         _ip.magic('run %s' % self.fname)
         _ip.run_cell('ip == get_ipython()')
         tt.assert_equals(_ip.user_ns['i'], 5)
 
     @dec.skip_win32
     def test_tclass(self):
         mydir = os.path.dirname(__file__)
         tc = os.path.join(mydir, 'tclass')
         src = ("%%run '%s' C-first\n"
                "%%run '%s' C-second\n"
                "%%run '%s' C-third\n") % (tc, tc, tc)
         self.mktmp(src, '.ipy')
         out = """\
 ARGV 1-: ['C-first']
 ARGV 1-: ['C-second']
 tclass.py: deleting object: C-first
 ARGV 1-: ['C-third']
 tclass.py: deleting object: C-second
 tclass.py: deleting object: C-third
 """
         if dec.module_not_available('sqlite3'):
             err = 'WARNING: IPython History requires SQLite, your history will not be saved\n'
         else:
             err = None
         tt.ipexec_validate(self.fname, out, err)
 
     def test_run_i_after_reset(self):
         """Check that %run -i still works after %reset (gh-693)"""
         src = "yy = zz\n"
         self.mktmp(src)
         _ip.run_cell("zz = 23")
         _ip.magic('run -i %s' % self.fname)
         tt.assert_equals(_ip.user_ns['yy'], 23)
         _ip.magic('reset -f')
         _ip.run_cell("zz = 23")
         _ip.magic('run -i %s' % self.fname)
         tt.assert_equals(_ip.user_ns['yy'], 23)

IPython/frontend/terminal/interactiveshell.py

@@ -1,674 +1,674 b''
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 """Subclass of InteractiveShell for terminal based frontends."""
 
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 #  Copyright (C) 2001 Janko Hauser <[e-mail]>
 #  Copyright (C) 2001-2007 Fernando Perez. <[e-mail]>
 #  Copyright (C) 2008-2011  The IPython Development Team
 #
 #  Distributed under the terms of the BSD License.  The full license is in
 #  the file COPYING, distributed as part of this software.
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Imports
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 import __builtin__
 import bdb
 import os
 import re
 import sys
 import textwrap
 
 try:
     from contextlib import nested
 except:
     from IPython.utils.nested_context import nested
 
 from IPython.core.error import TryNext
 from IPython.core.usage import interactive_usage, default_banner
 from IPython.core.interactiveshell import InteractiveShell, InteractiveShellABC
 from IPython.core.pylabtools import pylab_activate
 from IPython.testing.skipdoctest import skip_doctest
 from IPython.utils import py3compat
 from IPython.utils.terminal import toggle_set_term_title, set_term_title
 from IPython.utils.process import abbrev_cwd
 from IPython.utils.warn import warn, error
 from IPython.utils.text import num_ini_spaces, SList
 from IPython.utils.traitlets import Integer, CBool, Unicode
 
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Utilities
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 def get_default_editor():
     try:
         ed = os.environ['EDITOR']
     except KeyError:
         if os.name == 'posix':
             ed = 'vi'  # the only one guaranteed to be there!
         else:
             ed = 'notepad' # same in Windows!
     return ed
 
 
 def get_pasted_lines(sentinel, l_input=py3compat.input):
     """ Yield pasted lines until the user enters the given sentinel value.
     """
     print "Pasting code; enter '%s' alone on the line to stop or use Ctrl-D." \
           % sentinel
     while True:
         try:
             l = l_input(':')
             if l == sentinel:
                 return
             else:
                 yield l
         except EOFError:
             print '<EOF>'
             return
 
 
 def strip_email_quotes(raw_lines):
     """ Strip email quotation marks at the beginning of each line.
 
     We don't do any more input transofrmations here because the main shell's
     prefiltering handles other cases.
     """
     lines = [re.sub(r'^\s*(\s?>)+', '', l) for l in raw_lines]
     return '\n'.join(lines) + '\n'
 
 
 # These two functions are needed by the %paste/%cpaste magics.  In practice
 # they are basically methods (they take the shell as their first argument), but
 # we leave them as standalone functions because eventually the magics
 # themselves will become separate objects altogether.  At that point, the
 # magics will have access to the shell object, and these functions can be made
 # methods of the magic object, but not of the shell.
 
 def store_or_execute(shell, block, name):
     """ Execute a block, or store it in a variable, per the user's request.
     """
     # Dedent and prefilter so what we store matches what is executed by
     # run_cell.
     b = shell.prefilter(textwrap.dedent(block))
 
     if name:
         # If storing it for further editing, run the prefilter on it
         shell.user_ns[name] = SList(b.splitlines())
         print "Block assigned to '%s'" % name
     else:
         shell.user_ns['pasted_block'] = b
         shell.run_cell(b)
 
 
 def rerun_pasted(shell, name='pasted_block'):
     """ Rerun a previously pasted command.
     """
     b = shell.user_ns.get(name)
 
     # Sanity checks
     if b is None:
         raise UsageError('No previous pasted block available')
     if not isinstance(b, basestring):
         raise UsageError(
             "Variable 'pasted_block' is not a string, can't execute")
 
     print "Re-executing '%s...' (%d chars)"% (b.split('\n',1)[0], len(b))
     shell.run_cell(b)
 
 
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Main class
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 class TerminalInteractiveShell(InteractiveShell):
 
     autoedit_syntax = CBool(False, config=True,
         help="auto editing of files with syntax errors.")
     banner = Unicode('')
     banner1 = Unicode(default_banner, config=True,
         help="""The part of the banner to be printed before the profile"""
     )
     banner2 = Unicode('', config=True,
         help="""The part of the banner to be printed after the profile"""
     )
     confirm_exit = CBool(True, config=True,
         help="""
         Set to confirm when you try to exit IPython with an EOF (Control-D
         in Unix, Control-Z/Enter in Windows). By typing 'exit' or 'quit',
         you can force a direct exit without any confirmation.""",
     )
     # This display_banner only controls whether or not self.show_banner()
     # is called when mainloop/interact are called.  The default is False
     # because for the terminal based application, the banner behavior
     # is controlled by Global.display_banner, which IPythonApp looks at
     # to determine if *it* should call show_banner() by hand or not.
     display_banner = CBool(False) # This isn't configurable!
     embedded = CBool(False)
     embedded_active = CBool(False)
     editor = Unicode(get_default_editor(), config=True,
         help="Set the editor used by IPython (default to $EDITOR/vi/notepad)."
     )
     pager = Unicode('less', config=True,
         help="The shell program to be used for paging.")
 
     screen_length = Integer(0, config=True,
         help=
         """Number of lines of your screen, used to control printing of very
         long strings.  Strings longer than this number of lines will be sent
         through a pager instead of directly printed.  The default value for
         this is 0, which means IPython will auto-detect your screen size every
         time it needs to print certain potentially long strings (this doesn't
         change the behavior of the 'print' keyword, it's only triggered
         internally). If for some reason this isn't working well (it needs
         curses support), specify it yourself. Otherwise don't change the
         default.""",
     )
     term_title = CBool(False, config=True,
         help="Enable auto setting the terminal title."
     )
 
     # In the terminal, GUI control is done via PyOS_InputHook
     from IPython.lib.inputhook import enable_gui
     enable_gui = staticmethod(enable_gui)
     
     def __init__(self, config=None, ipython_dir=None, profile_dir=None,
                  user_ns=None, user_module=None, custom_exceptions=((),None),
                  usage=None, banner1=None, banner2=None, display_banner=None):
 
         super(TerminalInteractiveShell, self).__init__(
             config=config, profile_dir=profile_dir, user_ns=user_ns,
             user_module=user_module, custom_exceptions=custom_exceptions
         )
         # use os.system instead of utils.process.system by default,
         # because piped system doesn't make sense in the Terminal:
         self.system = self.system_raw
 
         self.init_term_title()
         self.init_usage(usage)
         self.init_banner(banner1, banner2, display_banner)
 
     #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
     # Things related to the terminal
     #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
     @property
     def usable_screen_length(self):
         if self.screen_length == 0:
             return 0
         else:
             num_lines_bot = self.separate_in.count('\n')+1
             return self.screen_length - num_lines_bot
 
     def init_term_title(self):
         # Enable or disable the terminal title.
         if self.term_title:
             toggle_set_term_title(True)
             set_term_title('IPython: ' + abbrev_cwd())
         else:
             toggle_set_term_title(False)
 
     #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
     # Things related to aliases
     #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
     def init_alias(self):
         # The parent class defines aliases that can be safely used with any
         # frontend.
         super(TerminalInteractiveShell, self).init_alias()
 
         # Now define aliases that only make sense on the terminal, because they
         # need direct access to the console in a way that we can't emulate in
         # GUI or web frontend
         if os.name == 'posix':
             aliases = [('clear', 'clear'), ('more', 'more'), ('less', 'less'),
                        ('man', 'man')]
         elif os.name == 'nt':
             aliases = [('cls', 'cls')]
 
 
         for name, cmd in aliases:
             self.alias_manager.define_alias(name, cmd)
 
     #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
     # Things related to the banner and usage
     #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
     def _banner1_changed(self):
         self.compute_banner()
 
     def _banner2_changed(self):
         self.compute_banner()
 
     def _term_title_changed(self, name, new_value):
         self.init_term_title()
 
     def init_banner(self, banner1, banner2, display_banner):
         if banner1 is not None:
             self.banner1 = banner1
         if banner2 is not None:
             self.banner2 = banner2
         if display_banner is not None:
             self.display_banner = display_banner
         self.compute_banner()
 
     def show_banner(self, banner=None):
         if banner is None:
             banner = self.banner
         self.write(banner)
 
     def compute_banner(self):
         self.banner = self.banner1
         if self.profile and self.profile != 'default':
             self.banner += '\nIPython profile: %s\n' % self.profile
         if self.banner2:
             self.banner += '\n' + self.banner2
 
     def init_usage(self, usage=None):
         if usage is None:
             self.usage = interactive_usage
         else:
             self.usage = usage
 
     #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
     # Mainloop and code execution logic
     #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
     def mainloop(self, display_banner=None):
         """Start the mainloop.
 
         If an optional banner argument is given, it will override the
         internally created default banner.
         """
 
         with nested(self.builtin_trap, self.display_trap):
 
             while 1:
                 try:
                     self.interact(display_banner=display_banner)
                     #self.interact_with_readline()
                     # XXX for testing of a readline-decoupled repl loop, call
                     # interact_with_readline above
                     break
                 except KeyboardInterrupt:
                     # this should not be necessary, but KeyboardInterrupt
                     # handling seems rather unpredictable...
                     self.write("\nKeyboardInterrupt in interact()\n")
 
     def _replace_rlhist_multiline(self, source_raw, hlen_before_cell):
         """Store multiple lines as a single entry in history"""
 
         # do nothing without readline or disabled multiline
         if not self.has_readline or not self.multiline_history:
             return hlen_before_cell
 
         # windows rl has no remove_history_item
         if not hasattr(self.readline, "remove_history_item"):
             return hlen_before_cell
 
         # skip empty cells
         if not source_raw.rstrip():
             return hlen_before_cell
 
         # nothing changed do nothing, e.g. when rl removes consecutive dups
         hlen = self.readline.get_current_history_length()
         if hlen == hlen_before_cell:
             return hlen_before_cell
 
         for i in range(hlen - hlen_before_cell):
             self.readline.remove_history_item(hlen - i - 1)
         stdin_encoding = sys.stdin.encoding or "utf-8"
         self.readline.add_history(py3compat.unicode_to_str(source_raw.rstrip(),
                                     stdin_encoding))
         return self.readline.get_current_history_length()
 
     def interact(self, display_banner=None):
         """Closely emulate the interactive Python console."""
 
         # batch run -> do not interact
         if self.exit_now:
             return
 
         if display_banner is None:
             display_banner = self.display_banner
 
         if isinstance(display_banner, basestring):
             self.show_banner(display_banner)
         elif display_banner:
             self.show_banner()
 
         more = False
 
         # Mark activity in the builtins
         __builtin__.__dict__['__IPYTHON__active'] += 1
 
         if self.has_readline:
             self.readline_startup_hook(self.pre_readline)
             hlen_b4_cell = self.readline.get_current_history_length()
         else:
             hlen_b4_cell = 0
         # exit_now is set by a call to %Exit or %Quit, through the
         # ask_exit callback.
 
         while not self.exit_now:
             self.hooks.pre_prompt_hook()
             if more:
                 try:
-                    prompt = self.hooks.generate_prompt(True)
+                    prompt = self.prompt_manager.render('in2')
                 except:
                     self.showtraceback()
                 if self.autoindent:
                     self.rl_do_indent = True
 
             else:
                 try:
-                    prompt = self.hooks.generate_prompt(False)
+                    prompt = self.separate_in + self.prompt_manager.render('in')
                 except:
                     self.showtraceback()
             try:
                 line = self.raw_input(prompt)
                 if self.exit_now:
                     # quick exit on sys.std[in|out] close
                     break
                 if self.autoindent:
                     self.rl_do_indent = False
 
             except KeyboardInterrupt:
                 #double-guard against keyboardinterrupts during kbdint handling
                 try:
                     self.write('\nKeyboardInterrupt\n')
                     source_raw = self.input_splitter.source_raw_reset()[1]
                     hlen_b4_cell = \
                         self._replace_rlhist_multiline(source_raw, hlen_b4_cell)
                     more = False
                 except KeyboardInterrupt:
                     pass
             except EOFError:
                 if self.autoindent:
                     self.rl_do_indent = False
                     if self.has_readline:
                         self.readline_startup_hook(None)
                 self.write('\n')
                 self.exit()
             except bdb.BdbQuit:
                 warn('The Python debugger has exited with a BdbQuit exception.\n'
                      'Because of how pdb handles the stack, it is impossible\n'
                      'for IPython to properly format this particular exception.\n'
                      'IPython will resume normal operation.')
             except:
                 # exceptions here are VERY RARE, but they can be triggered
                 # asynchronously by signal handlers, for example.
                 self.showtraceback()
             else:
                 self.input_splitter.push(line)
                 more = self.input_splitter.push_accepts_more()
                 if (self.SyntaxTB.last_syntax_error and
                     self.autoedit_syntax):
                     self.edit_syntax_error()
                 if not more:
                     source_raw = self.input_splitter.source_raw_reset()[1]
                     self.run_cell(source_raw, store_history=True)
                     hlen_b4_cell = \
                         self._replace_rlhist_multiline(source_raw, hlen_b4_cell)
 
         # We are off again...
         __builtin__.__dict__['__IPYTHON__active'] -= 1
 
         # Turn off the exit flag, so the mainloop can be restarted if desired
         self.exit_now = False
 
     def raw_input(self, prompt=''):
         """Write a prompt and read a line.
 
         The returned line does not include the trailing newline.
         When the user enters the EOF key sequence, EOFError is raised.
 
         Optional inputs:
 
           - prompt(''): a string to be printed to prompt the user.
 
           - continue_prompt(False): whether this line is the first one or a
           continuation in a sequence of inputs.
         """
         # Code run by the user may have modified the readline completer state.
         # We must ensure that our completer is back in place.
 
         if self.has_readline:
             self.set_readline_completer()
 
         try:
             line = py3compat.str_to_unicode(self.raw_input_original(prompt))
         except ValueError:
             warn("\n********\nYou or a %run:ed script called sys.stdin.close()"
                  " or sys.stdout.close()!\nExiting IPython!")
             self.ask_exit()
             return ""
 
         # Try to be reasonably smart about not re-indenting pasted input more
         # than necessary.  We do this by trimming out the auto-indent initial
         # spaces, if the user's actual input started itself with whitespace.
         if self.autoindent:
             if num_ini_spaces(line) > self.indent_current_nsp:
                 line = line[self.indent_current_nsp:]
                 self.indent_current_nsp = 0
 
         return line
 
     #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
     # Methods to support auto-editing of SyntaxErrors.
     #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
     def edit_syntax_error(self):
         """The bottom half of the syntax error handler called in the main loop.
 
         Loop until syntax error is fixed or user cancels.
         """
 
         while self.SyntaxTB.last_syntax_error:
             # copy and clear last_syntax_error
             err = self.SyntaxTB.clear_err_state()
             if not self._should_recompile(err):
                 return
             try:
                 # may set last_syntax_error again if a SyntaxError is raised
                 self.safe_execfile(err.filename,self.user_ns)
             except:
                 self.showtraceback()
             else:
                 try:
                     f = file(err.filename)
                     try:
                         # This should be inside a display_trap block and I
                         # think it is.
                         sys.displayhook(f.read())
                     finally:
                         f.close()
                 except:
                     self.showtraceback()
 
     def _should_recompile(self,e):
         """Utility routine for edit_syntax_error"""
 
         if e.filename in ('<ipython console>','<input>','<string>',
                           '<console>','<BackgroundJob compilation>',
                           None):
 
             return False
         try:
             if (self.autoedit_syntax and
                 not self.ask_yes_no('Return to editor to correct syntax error? '
                               '[Y/n] ','y')):
                 return False
         except EOFError:
             return False
 
         def int0(x):
             try:
                 return int(x)
             except TypeError:
                 return 0
         # always pass integer line and offset values to editor hook
         try:
             self.hooks.fix_error_editor(e.filename,
                 int0(e.lineno),int0(e.offset),e.msg)
         except TryNext:
             warn('Could not open editor')
             return False
         return True
 
     #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
     # Things related to exiting
     #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
     def ask_exit(self):
         """ Ask the shell to exit. Can be overiden and used as a callback. """
         self.exit_now = True
 
     def exit(self):
         """Handle interactive exit.
 
         This method calls the ask_exit callback."""
         if self.confirm_exit:
             if self.ask_yes_no('Do you really want to exit ([y]/n)?','y'):
                 self.ask_exit()
         else:
             self.ask_exit()
 
     #------------------------------------------------------------------------
     # Magic overrides
     #------------------------------------------------------------------------
     # Once the base class stops inheriting from magic, this code needs to be
     # moved into a separate machinery as well.  For now, at least isolate here
     # the magics which this class needs to implement differently from the base
     # class, or that are unique to it.
 
     def magic_autoindent(self, parameter_s = ''):
         """Toggle autoindent on/off (if available)."""
 
         self.shell.set_autoindent()
         print "Automatic indentation is:",['OFF','ON'][self.shell.autoindent]
 
     @skip_doctest
     def magic_cpaste(self, parameter_s=''):
         """Paste & execute a pre-formatted code block from clipboard.
 
         You must terminate the block with '--' (two minus-signs) or Ctrl-D
         alone on the line. You can also provide your own sentinel with '%paste
         -s %%' ('%%' is the new sentinel for this operation)
 
         The block is dedented prior to execution to enable execution of method
         definitions. '>' and '+' characters at the beginning of a line are
         ignored, to allow pasting directly from e-mails, diff files and
         doctests (the '...' continuation prompt is also stripped).  The
         executed block is also assigned to variable named 'pasted_block' for
         later editing with '%edit pasted_block'.
 
         You can also pass a variable name as an argument, e.g. '%cpaste foo'.
         This assigns the pasted block to variable 'foo' as string, without
         dedenting or executing it (preceding >>> and + is still stripped)
 
         '%cpaste -r' re-executes the block previously entered by cpaste.
 
         Do not be alarmed by garbled output on Windows (it's a readline bug).
         Just press enter and type -- (and press enter again) and the block
         will be what was just pasted.
 
         IPython statements (magics, shell escapes) are not supported (yet).
 
         See also
         --------
         paste: automatically pull code from clipboard.
 
         Examples
         --------
         ::
 
           In [8]: %cpaste
           Pasting code; enter '--' alone on the line to stop.
           :>>> a = ["world!", "Hello"]
           :>>> print " ".join(sorted(a))
           :--
           Hello world!
         """
 
         opts, name = self.parse_options(parameter_s, 'rs:', mode='string')
         if 'r' in opts:
             rerun_pasted(self.shell)
             return
 
         sentinel = opts.get('s', '--')
         block = strip_email_quotes(get_pasted_lines(sentinel))
         store_or_execute(self.shell, block, name)
 
     def magic_paste(self, parameter_s=''):
         """Paste & execute a pre-formatted code block from clipboard.
 
         The text is pulled directly from the clipboard without user
         intervention and printed back on the screen before execution (unless
         the -q flag is given to force quiet mode).
 
         The block is dedented prior to execution to enable execution of method
         definitions. '>' and '+' characters at the beginning of a line are
         ignored, to allow pasting directly from e-mails, diff files and
         doctests (the '...' continuation prompt is also stripped).  The
         executed block is also assigned to variable named 'pasted_block' for
         later editing with '%edit pasted_block'.
 
         You can also pass a variable name as an argument, e.g. '%paste foo'.
         This assigns the pasted block to variable 'foo' as string, without
         dedenting or executing it (preceding >>> and + is still stripped)
 
         Options
         -------
 
           -r: re-executes the block previously entered by cpaste.
 
           -q: quiet mode: do not echo the pasted text back to the terminal.
 
         IPython statements (magics, shell escapes) are not supported (yet).
 
         See also
         --------
         cpaste: manually paste code into terminal until you mark its end.
         """
         opts, name = self.parse_options(parameter_s, 'rq', mode='string')
         if 'r' in opts:
             rerun_pasted(self.shell)
             return
         try:
             text = self.shell.hooks.clipboard_get()
             block = strip_email_quotes(text.splitlines())
         except TryNext as clipboard_exc:
             message = getattr(clipboard_exc, 'args')
             if message:
                 error(message[0])
             else:
                 error('Could not get text from the clipboard.')
             return
 
         # By default, echo back to terminal unless quiet mode is requested
         if 'q' not in opts:
             write = self.shell.write
             write(self.shell.pycolorize(block))
             if not block.endswith('\n'):
                 write('\n')
             write("## -- End pasted text --\n")
 
         store_or_execute(self.shell, block, name)
 
     # Class-level: add a '%cls' magic only on Windows
     if sys.platform == 'win32':
         def magic_cls(self, s):
             """Clear screen.
             """
             os.system("cls")
 
     def showindentationerror(self):
         super(TerminalInteractiveShell, self).showindentationerror()
         print("If you want to paste code into IPython, try the "
               "%paste and %cpaste magic functions.")
 
 
 InteractiveShellABC.register(TerminalInteractiveShell)

IPython/utils/coloransi.py

@@ -1,177 +1,185 b''
 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
 """Tools for coloring text in ANSI terminals.
 """
 
 #*****************************************************************************
 #       Copyright (C) 2002-2006 Fernando Perez. <[e-mail]>
 #
 #  Distributed under the terms of the BSD License.  The full license is in
 #  the file COPYING, distributed as part of this software.
 #*****************************************************************************
 
 __all__ = ['TermColors','InputTermColors','ColorScheme','ColorSchemeTable']
 
 import os
 
 from IPython.utils.ipstruct import Struct
 
-def make_color_table(in_class):
-    """Build a set of color attributes in a class.
-
-    Helper function for building the *TermColors classes."""
-
-    color_templates = (
+color_templates = (
         # Dark colors
         ("Black"       , "0;30"),
         ("Red"         , "0;31"),
         ("Green"       , "0;32"),
         ("Brown"       , "0;33"),
         ("Blue"        , "0;34"),
         ("Purple"      , "0;35"),
         ("Cyan"        , "0;36"),
         ("LightGray"   , "0;37"),
         # Light colors
         ("DarkGray"    , "1;30"),
         ("LightRed"    , "1;31"),
         ("LightGreen"  , "1;32"),
         ("Yellow"      , "1;33"),
         ("LightBlue"   , "1;34"),
         ("LightPurple" , "1;35"),
         ("LightCyan"   , "1;36"),
         ("White"       , "1;37"),
         # Blinking colors.  Probably should not be used in anything serious.
         ("BlinkBlack"  , "5;30"),
         ("BlinkRed"    , "5;31"),
         ("BlinkGreen"  , "5;32"),
         ("BlinkYellow" , "5;33"),
         ("BlinkBlue"   , "5;34"),
         ("BlinkPurple" , "5;35"),
         ("BlinkCyan"   , "5;36"),
         ("BlinkLightGray", "5;37"),
         )
 
+def make_color_table(in_class):
+    """Build a set of color attributes in a class.
+
+    Helper function for building the *TermColors classes."""
+
     for name,value in color_templates:
         setattr(in_class,name,in_class._base % value)
 
 class TermColors:
     """Color escape sequences.
 
     This class defines the escape sequences for all the standard (ANSI?)
     colors in terminals. Also defines a NoColor escape which is just the null
     string, suitable for defining 'dummy' color schemes in terminals which get
     confused by color escapes.
 
     This class should be used as a mixin for building color schemes."""
 
     NoColor = ''  # for color schemes in color-less terminals.
     Normal = '\033[0m'   # Reset normal coloring
     _base  = '\033[%sm'  # Template for all other colors
 
 # Build the actual color table as a set of class attributes:
 make_color_table(TermColors)
 
 class InputTermColors:
     """Color escape sequences for input prompts.
 
     This class is similar to TermColors, but the escapes are wrapped in \001
     and \002 so that readline can properly know the length of each line and
     can wrap lines accordingly.  Use this class for any colored text which
     needs to be used in input prompts, such as in calls to raw_input().
 
     This class defines the escape sequences for all the standard (ANSI?)
     colors in terminals. Also defines a NoColor escape which is just the null
     string, suitable for defining 'dummy' color schemes in terminals which get
     confused by color escapes.
 
     This class should be used as a mixin for building color schemes."""
 
     NoColor = ''  # for color schemes in color-less terminals.
 
     if os.name == 'nt' and os.environ.get('TERM','dumb') == 'emacs':
         # (X)emacs on W32 gets confused with \001 and \002 so we remove them
         Normal = '\033[0m'   # Reset normal coloring
         _base  = '\033[%sm'  # Template for all other colors
     else:
         Normal = '\001\033[0m\002'   # Reset normal coloring
         _base  = '\001\033[%sm\002'  # Template for all other colors
 
 # Build the actual color table as a set of class attributes:
 make_color_table(InputTermColors)
 
+class NoColors:
+    """This defines all the same names as the colour classes, but maps them to
+    empty strings, so it can easily be substituted to turn off colours."""
+    NoColor = ''
+
+for name, value in color_templates:
+    setattr(NoColors, name, '')
+
 class ColorScheme:
     """Generic color scheme class. Just a name and a Struct."""
     def __init__(self,__scheme_name_,colordict=None,**colormap):
         self.name = __scheme_name_
         if colordict is None:
             self.colors = Struct(**colormap)
         else:
             self.colors = Struct(colordict)
 
     def copy(self,name=None):
         """Return a full copy of the object, optionally renaming it."""
         if name is None:
             name = self.name
         return ColorScheme(name, self.colors.dict())
 
 class ColorSchemeTable(dict):
     """General class to handle tables of color schemes.
 
     It's basically a dict of color schemes with a couple of shorthand
     attributes and some convenient methods.
 
     active_scheme_name -> obvious
     active_colors -> actual color table of the active scheme"""
 
     def __init__(self,scheme_list=None,default_scheme=''):
         """Create a table of color schemes.
 
         The table can be created empty and manually filled or it can be
         created with a list of valid color schemes AND the specification for
         the default active scheme.
         """
 
         # create object attributes to be set later
         self.active_scheme_name = ''
         self.active_colors = None
 
         if scheme_list:
             if default_scheme == '':
                 raise ValueError,'you must specify the default color scheme'
             for scheme in scheme_list:
                 self.add_scheme(scheme)
             self.set_active_scheme(default_scheme)
 
     def copy(self):
         """Return full copy of object"""
         return ColorSchemeTable(self.values(),self.active_scheme_name)
 
     def add_scheme(self,new_scheme):
         """Add a new color scheme to the table."""
         if not isinstance(new_scheme,ColorScheme):
             raise ValueError,'ColorSchemeTable only accepts ColorScheme instances'
         self[new_scheme.name] = new_scheme
 
     def set_active_scheme(self,scheme,case_sensitive=0):
         """Set the currently active scheme.
 
         Names are by default compared in a case-insensitive way, but this can
         be changed by setting the parameter case_sensitive to true."""
 
         scheme_names = self.keys()
         if case_sensitive:
             valid_schemes = scheme_names
             scheme_test = scheme
         else:
             valid_schemes = [s.lower() for s in scheme_names]
             scheme_test = scheme.lower()
         try:
             scheme_idx = valid_schemes.index(scheme_test)
         except ValueError:
             raise ValueError,'Unrecognized color scheme: ' + scheme + \
                   '\nValid schemes: '+str(scheme_names).replace("'', ",'')
         else:
             active = scheme_names[scheme_idx]
             self.active_scheme_name = active
             self.active_colors = self[active].colors
             # Now allow using '' as an index for the current active scheme
             self[''] = self[active]

IPython/zmq/zmqshell.py

@@ -1,512 +1,512 b''
 """A ZMQ-based subclass of InteractiveShell.
 
 This code is meant to ease the refactoring of the base InteractiveShell into
 something with a cleaner architecture for 2-process use, without actually
 breaking InteractiveShell itself.  So we're doing something a bit ugly, where
 we subclass and override what we want to fix.  Once this is working well, we
 can go back to the base class and refactor the code for a cleaner inheritance
 implementation that doesn't rely on so much monkeypatching.
 
 But this lets us maintain a fully working IPython as we develop the new
 machinery.  This should thus be thought of as scaffolding.
 """
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Imports
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 from __future__ import print_function
 
 # Stdlib
 import inspect
 import os
 import sys
 from subprocess import Popen, PIPE
 
 # Our own
 from IPython.core.interactiveshell import (
     InteractiveShell, InteractiveShellABC
 )
 from IPython.core import page, pylabtools
 from IPython.core.autocall import ZMQExitAutocall
 from IPython.core.displaypub import DisplayPublisher
 from IPython.core.macro import Macro
 from IPython.core.magic import MacroToEdit
 from IPython.core.payloadpage import install_payload_page
 from IPython.lib.kernel import (
     get_connection_file, get_connection_info, connect_qtconsole
 )
 from IPython.utils import io
 from IPython.utils.jsonutil import json_clean
 from IPython.utils.path import get_py_filename
 from IPython.utils.process import arg_split
 from IPython.utils.traitlets import Instance, Type, Dict, CBool
 from IPython.utils.warn import warn, error
 from IPython.zmq.displayhook import ZMQShellDisplayHook, _encode_binary
 from IPython.zmq.session import extract_header
 from session import Session
 
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Globals and side-effects
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 # Install the payload version of page.
 install_payload_page()
 
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Functions and classes
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 class ZMQDisplayPublisher(DisplayPublisher):
     """A display publisher that publishes data using a ZeroMQ PUB socket."""
 
     session = Instance(Session)
     pub_socket = Instance('zmq.Socket')
     parent_header = Dict({})
 
     def set_parent(self, parent):
         """Set the parent for outbound messages."""
         self.parent_header = extract_header(parent)
 
     def publish(self, source, data, metadata=None):
         if metadata is None:
             metadata = {}
         self._validate_data(source, data, metadata)
         content = {}
         content['source'] = source
         _encode_binary(data)
         content['data'] = data
         content['metadata'] = metadata
         self.session.send(
             self.pub_socket, u'display_data', json_clean(content),
             parent=self.parent_header
         )
 
     def clear_output(self, stdout=True, stderr=True, other=True):
         content = dict(stdout=stdout, stderr=stderr, other=other)
         self.session.send(
             self.pub_socket, u'clear_output', content,
             parent=self.parent_header
         )
 
 class ZMQInteractiveShell(InteractiveShell):
     """A subclass of InteractiveShell for ZMQ."""
 
     displayhook_class = Type(ZMQShellDisplayHook)
     display_pub_class = Type(ZMQDisplayPublisher)
 
     # Override the traitlet in the parent class, because there's no point using
     # readline for the kernel. Can be removed when the readline code is moved
     # to the terminal frontend.
     colors_force = CBool(True)
     readline_use = CBool(False)
     # autoindent has no meaning in a zmqshell, and attempting to enable it
     # will print a warning in the absence of readline.
     autoindent = CBool(False)
 
     exiter = Instance(ZMQExitAutocall)
     def _exiter_default(self):
         return ZMQExitAutocall(self)
 
     keepkernel_on_exit = None
 
     # Over ZeroMQ, GUI control isn't done with PyOS_InputHook as there is no
     # interactive input being read; we provide event loop support in ipkernel
     from .eventloops import enable_gui
     enable_gui = staticmethod(enable_gui)
 
     def init_environment(self):
         """Configure the user's environment.
 
         """
         env = os.environ
         # These two ensure 'ls' produces nice coloring on BSD-derived systems
         env['TERM'] = 'xterm-color'
         env['CLICOLOR'] = '1'
         # Since normal pagers don't work at all (over pexpect we don't have
         # single-key control of the subprocess), try to disable paging in
         # subprocesses as much as possible.
         env['PAGER'] = 'cat'
         env['GIT_PAGER'] = 'cat'
 
     def auto_rewrite_input(self, cmd):
         """Called to show the auto-rewritten input for autocall and friends.
 
         FIXME: this payload is currently not correctly processed by the
         frontend.
         """
-        new = self.displayhook.prompt1.auto_rewrite() + cmd
+        new = self.prompt_manager.render('rewrite') + cmd
         payload = dict(
             source='IPython.zmq.zmqshell.ZMQInteractiveShell.auto_rewrite_input',
             transformed_input=new,
             )
         self.payload_manager.write_payload(payload)
 
     def ask_exit(self):
         """Engage the exit actions."""
         payload = dict(
             source='IPython.zmq.zmqshell.ZMQInteractiveShell.ask_exit',
             exit=True,
             keepkernel=self.keepkernel_on_exit,
             )
         self.payload_manager.write_payload(payload)
 
     def _showtraceback(self, etype, evalue, stb):
 
         exc_content = {
             u'traceback' : stb,
             u'ename' : unicode(etype.__name__),
             u'evalue' : unicode(evalue)
         }
 
         dh = self.displayhook
         # Send exception info over pub socket for other clients than the caller
         # to pick up
         exc_msg = dh.session.send(dh.pub_socket, u'pyerr', json_clean(exc_content), dh.parent_header)
 
         # FIXME - Hack: store exception info in shell object.  Right now, the
         # caller is reading this info after the fact, we need to fix this logic
         # to remove this hack.  Even uglier, we need to store the error status
         # here, because in the main loop, the logic that sets it is being
         # skipped because runlines swallows the exceptions.
         exc_content[u'status'] = u'error'
         self._reply_content = exc_content
         # /FIXME
 
         return exc_content
 
     #------------------------------------------------------------------------
     # Magic overrides
     #------------------------------------------------------------------------
     # Once the base class stops inheriting from magic, this code needs to be
     # moved into a separate machinery as well.  For now, at least isolate here
     # the magics which this class needs to implement differently from the base
     # class, or that are unique to it.
 
     def magic_doctest_mode(self,parameter_s=''):
         """Toggle doctest mode on and off.
 
         This mode is intended to make IPython behave as much as possible like a
         plain Python shell, from the perspective of how its prompts, exceptions
         and output look.  This makes it easy to copy and paste parts of a
         session into doctests.  It does so by:
 
         - Changing the prompts to the classic ``>>>`` ones.
         - Changing the exception reporting mode to 'Plain'.
         - Disabling pretty-printing of output.
 
         Note that IPython also supports the pasting of code snippets that have
         leading '>>>' and '...' prompts in them.  This means that you can paste
         doctests from files or docstrings (even if they have leading
         whitespace), and the code will execute correctly.  You can then use
         '%history -t' to see the translated history; this will give you the
         input after removal of all the leading prompts and whitespace, which
         can be pasted back into an editor.
 
         With these features, you can switch into this mode easily whenever you
         need to do testing and changes to doctests, without having to leave
         your existing IPython session.
         """
 
         from IPython.utils.ipstruct import Struct
 
         # Shorthands
         shell = self.shell
         disp_formatter = self.shell.display_formatter
         ptformatter = disp_formatter.formatters['text/plain']
         # dstore is a data store kept in the instance metadata bag to track any
         # changes we make, so we can undo them later.
         dstore = shell.meta.setdefault('doctest_mode', Struct())
         save_dstore = dstore.setdefault
 
         # save a few values we'll need to recover later
         mode = save_dstore('mode', False)
         save_dstore('rc_pprint', ptformatter.pprint)
         save_dstore('rc_plain_text_only',disp_formatter.plain_text_only)
         save_dstore('xmode', shell.InteractiveTB.mode)
 
         if mode == False:
             # turn on
             ptformatter.pprint = False
             disp_formatter.plain_text_only = True
             shell.magic_xmode('Plain')
         else:
             # turn off
             ptformatter.pprint = dstore.rc_pprint
             disp_formatter.plain_text_only = dstore.rc_plain_text_only
             shell.magic_xmode(dstore.xmode)
 
         # Store new mode and inform on console
         dstore.mode = bool(1-int(mode))
         mode_label = ['OFF','ON'][dstore.mode]
         print('Doctest mode is:', mode_label)
 
         # Send the payload back so that clients can modify their prompt display
         payload = dict(
             source='IPython.zmq.zmqshell.ZMQInteractiveShell.magic_doctest_mode',
             mode=dstore.mode)
         self.payload_manager.write_payload(payload)
 
     def magic_edit(self,parameter_s='',last_call=['','']):
         """Bring up an editor and execute the resulting code.
 
         Usage:
           %edit [options] [args]
 
         %edit runs an external text editor. You will need to set the command for
         this editor via the ``TerminalInteractiveShell.editor`` option in your
         configuration file before it will work.
 
         This command allows you to conveniently edit multi-line code right in
         your IPython session.
 
         If called without arguments, %edit opens up an empty editor with a
         temporary file and will execute the contents of this file when you
         close it (don't forget to save it!).
 
 
         Options:
 
         -n <number>: open the editor at a specified line number.  By default,
         the IPython editor hook uses the unix syntax 'editor +N filename', but
         you can configure this by providing your own modified hook if your
         favorite editor supports line-number specifications with a different
         syntax.
 
         -p: this will call the editor with the same data as the previous time
         it was used, regardless of how long ago (in your current session) it
         was.
 
         -r: use 'raw' input.  This option only applies to input taken from the
         user's history.  By default, the 'processed' history is used, so that
         magics are loaded in their transformed version to valid Python.  If
         this option is given, the raw input as typed as the command line is
         used instead.  When you exit the editor, it will be executed by
         IPython's own processor.
 
         -x: do not execute the edited code immediately upon exit. This is
         mainly useful if you are editing programs which need to be called with
         command line arguments, which you can then do using %run.
 
 
         Arguments:
 
         If arguments are given, the following possibilites exist:
 
         - The arguments are numbers or pairs of colon-separated numbers (like
         1 4:8 9). These are interpreted as lines of previous input to be
         loaded into the editor. The syntax is the same of the %macro command.
 
         - If the argument doesn't start with a number, it is evaluated as a
         variable and its contents loaded into the editor. You can thus edit
         any string which contains python code (including the result of
         previous edits).
 
         - If the argument is the name of an object (other than a string),
         IPython will try to locate the file where it was defined and open the
         editor at the point where it is defined. You can use `%edit function`
         to load an editor exactly at the point where 'function' is defined,
         edit it and have the file be executed automatically.
 
         If the object is a macro (see %macro for details), this opens up your
         specified editor with a temporary file containing the macro's data.
         Upon exit, the macro is reloaded with the contents of the file.
 
         Note: opening at an exact line is only supported under Unix, and some
         editors (like kedit and gedit up to Gnome 2.8) do not understand the
         '+NUMBER' parameter necessary for this feature. Good editors like
         (X)Emacs, vi, jed, pico and joe all do.
 
         - If the argument is not found as a variable, IPython will look for a
         file with that name (adding .py if necessary) and load it into the
         editor. It will execute its contents with execfile() when you exit,
         loading any code in the file into your interactive namespace.
 
         After executing your code, %edit will return as output the code you
         typed in the editor (except when it was an existing file). This way
         you can reload the code in further invocations of %edit as a variable,
         via _<NUMBER> or Out[<NUMBER>], where <NUMBER> is the prompt number of
         the output.
 
         Note that %edit is also available through the alias %ed.
 
         This is an example of creating a simple function inside the editor and
         then modifying it. First, start up the editor:
 
         In [1]: ed
         Editing... done. Executing edited code...
         Out[1]: 'def foo():n    print "foo() was defined in an editing session"n'
 
         We can then call the function foo():
 
         In [2]: foo()
         foo() was defined in an editing session
 
         Now we edit foo.  IPython automatically loads the editor with the
         (temporary) file where foo() was previously defined:
 
         In [3]: ed foo
         Editing... done. Executing edited code...
 
         And if we call foo() again we get the modified version:
 
         In [4]: foo()
         foo() has now been changed!
 
         Here is an example of how to edit a code snippet successive
         times. First we call the editor:
 
         In [5]: ed
         Editing... done. Executing edited code...
         hello
         Out[5]: "print 'hello'n"
 
         Now we call it again with the previous output (stored in _):
 
         In [6]: ed _
         Editing... done. Executing edited code...
         hello world
         Out[6]: "print 'hello world'n"
 
         Now we call it with the output #8 (stored in _8, also as Out[8]):
 
         In [7]: ed _8
         Editing... done. Executing edited code...
         hello again
         Out[7]: "print 'hello again'n"
         """
 
         opts,args = self.parse_options(parameter_s,'prn:')
 
         try:
             filename, lineno, _ = self._find_edit_target(args, opts, last_call)
         except MacroToEdit as e:
             # TODO: Implement macro editing over 2 processes.
             print("Macro editing not yet implemented in 2-process model.")
             return
 
         # Make sure we send to the client an absolute path, in case the working
         # directory of client and kernel don't match
         filename = os.path.abspath(filename)
 
         payload = {
             'source' : 'IPython.zmq.zmqshell.ZMQInteractiveShell.edit_magic',
             'filename' : filename,
             'line_number' : lineno
         }
         self.payload_manager.write_payload(payload)
 
     # A few magics that are adapted to the specifics of using pexpect and a
     # remote terminal
 
     def magic_clear(self, arg_s):
         """Clear the terminal."""
         if os.name == 'posix':
             self.shell.system("clear")
         else:
             self.shell.system("cls")
 
     if os.name == 'nt':
         # This is the usual name in windows
         magic_cls = magic_clear
 
     # Terminal pagers won't work over pexpect, but we do have our own pager
 
     def magic_less(self, arg_s):
         """Show a file through the pager.
 
         Files ending in .py are syntax-highlighted."""
         cont = open(arg_s).read()
         if arg_s.endswith('.py'):
             cont = self.shell.pycolorize(cont)
         page.page(cont)
 
     magic_more = magic_less
 
     # Man calls a pager, so we also need to redefine it
     if os.name == 'posix':
         def magic_man(self, arg_s):
             """Find the man page for the given command and display in pager."""
             page.page(self.shell.getoutput('man %s | col -b' % arg_s,
                                            split=False))
 
     # FIXME: this is specific to the GUI, so we should let the gui app load
     # magics at startup that are only for the gui.  Once the gui app has proper
     # profile and configuration management, we can have it initialize a kernel
     # with a special config file that provides these.
     def magic_guiref(self, arg_s):
         """Show a basic reference about the GUI console."""
         from IPython.core.usage import gui_reference
         page.page(gui_reference, auto_html=True)
     
     def magic_connect_info(self, arg_s):
         """Print information for connecting other clients to this kernel
         
         It will print the contents of this session's connection file, as well as
         shortcuts for local clients.
         
         In the simplest case, when called from the most recently launched kernel,
         secondary clients can be connected, simply with:
         
         $> ipython <app> --existing
         
         """
         
         from IPython.core.application import BaseIPythonApplication as BaseIPApp
         
         if BaseIPApp.initialized():
             app = BaseIPApp.instance()
             security_dir = app.profile_dir.security_dir
             profile = app.profile
         else:
             profile = 'default'
             security_dir = ''
         
         try:
             connection_file = get_connection_file()
             info = get_connection_info(unpack=False)
         except Exception as e:
             error("Could not get connection info: %r" % e)
             return
         
         # add profile flag for non-default profile
         profile_flag = "--profile %s" % profile if profile != 'default' else ""
         
         # if it's in the security dir, truncate to basename
         if security_dir == os.path.dirname(connection_file):
             connection_file = os.path.basename(connection_file)
         
         
         print (info + '\n')
         print ("Paste the above JSON into a file, and connect with:\n"
             "    $> ipython <app> --existing <file>\n"
             "or, if you are local, you can connect with just:\n"
             "    $> ipython <app> --existing {0} {1}\n"
             "or even just:\n"
             "    $> ipython <app> --existing {1}\n"
             "if this is the most recent IPython session you have started.".format(
             connection_file, profile_flag
             )
         )
 
     def magic_qtconsole(self, arg_s):
         """Open a qtconsole connected to this kernel.
         
         Useful for connecting a qtconsole to running notebooks, for better
         debugging.
         """
         try:
             p = connect_qtconsole(argv=arg_split(arg_s, os.name=='posix'))
         except Exception as e:
             error("Could not start qtconsole: %r" % e)
             return
 
     def set_next_input(self, text):
         """Send the specified text to the frontend to be presented at the next
         input cell."""
         payload = dict(
             source='IPython.zmq.zmqshell.ZMQInteractiveShell.set_next_input',
             text=text
         )
         self.payload_manager.write_payload(payload)
 
 
 InteractiveShellABC.register(ZMQInteractiveShell)