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1 1 .. _nbconvert:
2 2
3 3 Converting notebooks to other formats
4 4 =====================================
5 5
6 6 Newly added in the 1.0 release of IPython is the ``nbconvert`` tool, which
7 7 allows you to convert an ``.ipynb`` notebook document file into various static
8 8 formats.
9 9
10 10 Currently, ``nbconvert`` is provided as a command line tool, run as a script
11 11 using IPython. A direct export capability from within the
12 12 IPython Notebook web app is planned.
13 13
14 14 The command-line syntax to run the ``nbconvert`` script is::
15 15
16 16 $ ipython nbconvert --to FORMAT notebook.ipynb
17 17
18 18 This will convert the IPython document file ``notebook.ipynb`` into the output
19 19 format given by the ``FORMAT`` string.
20 20
21 21 The default output format is html, for which the ``--to`` argument may be
22 22 omitted::
23 23
24 24 $ ipython nbconvert notebook.ipynb
25 25
26 26 IPython provides a few templates for some output formats, and these can be
27 27 specified via an additional ``--template`` argument.
28 28
29 29 The currently supported export formats are:
30 30
31 31 * ``--to html``
32 32
33 33 - ``--template full`` (default)
34 34
35 35 A full static HTML render of the notebook.
36 36 This looks very similar to the interactive view.
37 37
38 38 - ``--template basic``
39 39
40 40 Simplified HTML, useful for embedding in webpages, blogs, etc.
41 41 This excludes HTML headers.
42 42
43 43 * ``--to latex``
44 44
45 45 Latex export. This generates ``NOTEBOOK_NAME.tex`` file,
46 46 ready for export. You can automatically run latex on it to generate a PDF
47 47 by adding ``--post PDF``.
48 48
49 49 - ``--template article`` (default)
50 50
51 51 Latex article, derived from Sphinx's howto template.
52 52
53 53 - ``--template book``
54 54
55 55 Latex book, derived from Sphinx's manual template.
56 56
57 57 - ``--template basic``
58 58
59 59 Very basic latex output - mainly meant as a starting point for custom templates.
60 60
61 61 * ``--to slides``
62 62
63 63 This generates a Reveal.js HTML slideshow.
64 64 It must be served by an HTTP server. The easiest way to get this is to add
65 65 ``--post serve`` on the command-line.
66 66 If you want to use the speaker notes plugin, just add
67 67 ``--notes True`` on the command-line.
68 For low connectivity environments, you can use a local copy of the reveal.js library, just add
69 ``--local reveal.js`` on the command-line, and do not forget to move your downloaded ``reveal.js`` library to the same folder where your slides are located.
68 For low connectivity environments, you can use a local copy of the reveal.js library,
69 just add ``--local reveal.js`` on the command-line, and do not forget to move your
70 downloaded ``reveal.js`` library to the same folder where your slides are located.
70 71
71 72 * ``--to markdown``
72 73
73 74 Simple markdown output. Markdown cells are unaffected,
74 75 and code cells are placed in triple-backtick (``\`\`\```) blocks.
75 76
76 77 * ``--to rst``
77 78
78 79 Basic reStructuredText output. Useful as a starting point for embedding notebooks
79 80 in Sphinx docs.
80 81
81 82 * ``--to python``
82 83
83 84 Convert a notebook to an executable Python script.
84 85 This is the simplest way to get a Python script out of a notebook.
85 86 If there were any magics in the notebook, this may only be executable from
86 87 an IPython session.
87 88
88 89 .. note::
89 90
90 91 nbconvert uses pandoc_ to convert between various markup languages,
91 92 so pandoc is a dependency of most nbconvert transforms,
92 93 excluding Markdown and Python.
93 94
94 95 .. _pandoc: http://johnmacfarlane.net/pandoc/
95 96
96 97 The output file created by ``nbconvert`` will have the same base name as
97 98 the notebook and will be placed in the current working directory. Any
98 99 supporting files (graphics, etc) will be placed in a new directory with the
99 100 same base name as the notebook, suffixed with ``_files``::
100 101
101 102 $ ipython nbconvert notebook.ipynb
102 103 $ ls
103 104 notebook.ipynb notebook.html notebook_files/
104 105
105 106 For simple single-file output, such as html, markdown, etc.,
106 107 the output may be sent to standard output with::
107 108
108 109 $ ipython nbconvert --to markdown notebook.ipynb --stdout
109 110
110 111 Multiple notebooks can be specified from the command line::
111 112
112 113 $ ipython nbconvert notebook*.ipynb
113 114 $ ipython nbconvert notebook1.ipynb notebook2.ipynb
114 115
115 116 or via a list in a configuration file, say ``mycfg.py``, containing the text::
116 117
117 118 c = get_config()
118 119 c.NbConvertApp.notebooks = ["notebook1.ipynb", "notebook2.ipynb"]
119 120
120 121 and using the command::
121 122
122 123 $ ipython nbconvert --config mycfg.py
123 124
124 125
125 126 .. _notebook_format:
126 127
127 128 Notebook JSON file format
128 129 -------------------------
129 130
130 131 Notebook documents are JSON files with an ``.ipynb`` extension, formatted
131 132 as legibly as possible with minimal extra indentation and cell content broken
132 133 across lines to make them reasonably friendly to use in version-control
133 134 workflows. You should be very careful if you ever manually edit this JSON
134 135 data, as it is extremely easy to corrupt its internal structure and make the
135 136 file impossible to load. In general, you should consider the notebook as a
136 137 file meant only to be edited by the IPython Notebook app itself, not for
137 138 hand-editing.
138 139
139 140 .. note::
140 141
141 142 Binary data such as figures are also saved directly in the JSON file.
142 143 This provides convenient single-file portability, but means that the
143 144 files can be large; a ``diff`` of binary data is also not very
144 145 meaningful. Since the binary blobs are encoded in a single line, they
145 146 affect only one line of the ``diff`` output, but they are typically very
146 147 long lines. You can use the ``Cell | All Output | Clear`` menu option to
147 148 remove all output from a notebook prior to committing it to version
148 149 control, if this is a concern.
149 150
150 151 The notebook server can also generate a pure Python version of your notebook,
151 152 using the ``File | Download as`` menu option. The resulting ``.py`` file will
152 153 contain all the code cells from your notebook verbatim, and all Markdown cells
153 154 prepended with a comment marker. The separation between code and Markdown
154 155 cells is indicated with special comments and there is a header indicating the
155 156 format version. All output is removed when exporting to Python.
156 157
157 158 As an example, consider a simple notebook called ``simple.ipynb`` which
158 159 contains one Markdown cell, with the content ``The simplest notebook.``, one
159 160 code input cell with the content ``print "Hello, IPython!"``, and the
160 161 corresponding output.
161 162
162 163 The contents of the notebook document ``simple.ipynb`` is the following JSON
163 164 container::
164 165
165 166 {
166 167 "metadata": {
167 168 "name": "simple"
168 169 },
169 170 "nbformat": 3,
170 171 "nbformat_minor": 0,
171 172 "worksheets": [
172 173 {
173 174 "cells": [
174 175 {
175 176 "cell_type": "markdown",
176 177 "metadata": {},
177 178 "source": "The simplest notebook."
178 179 },
179 180 {
180 181 "cell_type": "code",
181 182 "collapsed": false,
182 183 "input": "print \"Hello, IPython\"",
183 184 "language": "python",
184 185 "metadata": {},
185 186 "outputs": [
186 187 {
187 188 "output_type": "stream",
188 189 "stream": "stdout",
189 190 "text": "Hello, IPython\n"
190 191 }
191 192 ],
192 193 "prompt_number": 1
193 194 }
194 195 ],
195 196 "metadata": {}
196 197 }
197 198 ]
198 199 }
199 200
200 201
201 202 The corresponding Python script is::
202 203
203 204 # -*- coding: utf-8 -*-
204 205 # <nbformat>3.0</nbformat>
205 206
206 207 # <markdowncell>
207 208
208 209 # The simplest notebook.
209 210
210 211 # <codecell>
211 212
212 213 print "Hello, IPython"
213 214
214 215 Note that indeed the output of the code cell, which is present in the JSON
215 216 container, has been removed in the ``.py`` script.
216 217
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