move shortname to Application

Also add `macros` for '--pylab' (and store_const) type flags

(macro name tbd)

IPython/config/application.py

@@ -1,134 +1,190 b''
 # encoding: utf-8
 """
 A base class for a configurable application.
 
 Authors:
 
 * Brian Granger
 """
 
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 #  Copyright (C) 2008-2011  The IPython Development Team
 #
 #  Distributed under the terms of the BSD License.  The full license is in
 #  the file COPYING, distributed as part of this software.
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Imports
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 from copy import deepcopy
 import logging
 import sys
 
 from IPython.config.configurable import SingletonConfigurable
-from IPython.utils.traitlets import (
-    Unicode, List, Int, Enum
-)
 from IPython.config.loader import (
     KeyValueConfigLoader, PyFileConfigLoader
 )
 
+from IPython.utils.traitlets import (
+    Unicode, List, Int, Enum, Dict
+)
+from IPython.utils.text import indent
+
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Application class
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 
 class Application(SingletonConfigurable):
     """A singleton application with full configuration support."""
 
     # The name of the application, will usually match the name of the command
     # line application
     app_name = Unicode(u'application')
 
     # The description of the application that is printed at the beginning
     # of the help.
     description = Unicode(u'This is an application.')
 
     # A sequence of Configurable subclasses whose config=True attributes will
     # be exposed at the command line (shortnames and help).
     classes = List([])
 
     # The version string of this application.
     version = Unicode(u'0.0')
 
     # The log level for the application
     log_level = Enum((0,10,20,30,40,50), default_value=logging.WARN,
-                     config=True, shortname="log_level",
+                     config=True,
                      help="Set the log level (0,10,20,30,40,50).")
+    
+    # the shortname map for configurables
+    shortnames = Dict(dict(log_level='Application.log_level'))
+    
+    # macros for loading Configurables or store_const style flags
+    # macros are loaded from this dict by '--key' flags
+    macros = Dict()
+    # macro_help dict keys must match macros
+    macro_help = Dict()
+    
 
     def __init__(self, **kwargs):
         SingletonConfigurable.__init__(self, **kwargs)
         # Add my class to self.classes so my attributes appear in command line
         # options.
         self.classes.insert(0, self.__class__)
+        
+        # check that macro_help has the right keys
+        # there is probably a better way to do this that doesn't use 2 dicts
+        keys = set(self.macros.keys())
+        badkeys = keys.difference_update(set(self.macro_help.keys()))
+        if badkeys:
+            raise KeyError("macro %r has no help in `macro_help`!"%badkeys.pop())
         self.init_logging()
-
+    
     def init_logging(self):
         """Start logging for this application.
 
         The default is to log to stdout using a StreaHandler. The log level
         starts at loggin.WARN, but this can be adjusted by setting the 
         ``log_level`` attribute.
         """
         self.log = logging.getLogger(self.__class__.__name__)
         self.log.setLevel(self.log_level)
         self._log_handler = logging.StreamHandler()
         self._log_formatter = logging.Formatter("[%(name)s] %(message)s")
         self._log_handler.setFormatter(self._log_formatter)
         self.log.addHandler(self._log_handler)
 
     def _log_level_changed(self, name, old, new):
         """Adjust the log level when log_level is set."""
         self.log.setLevel(new)
-
+    
+    def print_shortname_help(self):
+        """print the shortname part of the help"""
+        if not self.shortnames:
+            return
+            
+        print "Aliases"
+        print "-------"
+        classdict = {}
+        for c in self.classes:
+            classdict[c.__name__] = c
+        for shortname, longname in self.shortnames.iteritems():
+            classname, traitname = longname.split('.',1)
+            cls = classdict[classname]
+            
+            trait = cls.class_traits(config=True)[traitname]
+            help = trait.get_metadata('help')
+            print shortname, "(%s)"%longname, ':', trait.__class__.__name__
+            if help:
+                print indent(help)
+        print
+    
+    def print_macro_help(self):
+        """print the the macro part of the help"""
+        if not self.macros:
+            return
+        
+        print "Flags"
+        print "-----"
+        
+        for m, cfg in self.macros.iteritems():
+            print '--'+m
+            print indent(self.macro_help[m])
+        print
+    
     def print_help(self):
         """Print the help for each Configurable class in self.classes."""
+        self.print_macro_help()
+        self.print_shortname_help()
         for cls in self.classes:
             cls.class_print_help()
             print
 
     def print_description(self):
         """Print the application description."""
         print self.description
         print
 
     def print_version(self):
         """Print the version string."""
         print self.version
 
     def update_config(self, config):
         """Fire the traits events when the config is updated."""
         # Save a copy of the current config.
         newconfig = deepcopy(self.config)
         # Merge the new config into the current one.
         newconfig._merge(config)
         # Save the combined config as self.config, which triggers the traits
         # events.
         self.config = config
 
     def parse_command_line(self, argv=None):
         """Parse the command line arguments."""
         argv = sys.argv[1:] if argv is None else argv
 
-        if '-h' in argv or '--h' in argv:
+        if '-h' in argv or '--help' in argv:
             self.print_description()
             self.print_help()
             sys.exit(1)
 
         if '--version' in argv:
             self.print_version()
             sys.exit(1)
 
-        loader = KeyValueConfigLoader(argv=argv, classes=self.classes)
+        loader = KeyValueConfigLoader(argv=argv, shortnames=self.shortnames,
+                                        macros=self.macros)
         config = loader.load_config()
         self.update_config(config)
 
     def load_config_file(self, filename, path=None):
         """Load a .py based config file by filename and path."""
         # TODO: this raises IOError if filename does not exist.
         loader = PyFileConfigLoader(filename, path=path)
         config = loader.load_config()
         self.update_config(config)
 

IPython/config/configurable.py

@@ -1,240 +1,225 b''
 #!/usr/bin/env python
 # encoding: utf-8
 """
 A base class for objects that are configurable.
 
 Authors:
 
 * Brian Granger
 * Fernando Perez
 """
 
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 #  Copyright (C) 2008-2010  The IPython Development Team
 #
 #  Distributed under the terms of the BSD License.  The full license is in
 #  the file COPYING, distributed as part of this software.
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Imports
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 from copy import deepcopy
 import datetime
 
 from loader import Config
 from IPython.utils.traitlets import HasTraits, Instance
 from IPython.utils.text import indent
 
 
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Helper classes for Configurables
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 
 class ConfigurableError(Exception):
     pass
 
 
 class MultipleInstanceError(ConfigurableError):
     pass
 
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Configurable implementation
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 
 class Configurable(HasTraits):
 
     config = Instance(Config,(),{})
     created = None
 
     def __init__(self, **kwargs):
         """Create a conigurable given a config config.
 
         Parameters
         ----------
         config : Config
             If this is empty, default values are used. If config is a 
             :class:`Config` instance, it will be used to configure the
             instance.
         
         Notes
         -----
         Subclasses of Configurable must call the :meth:`__init__` method of
         :class:`Configurable` *before* doing anything else and using 
         :func:`super`::
         
             class MyConfigurable(Configurable):
                 def __init__(self, config=None):
                     super(MyConfigurable, self).__init__(config)
                     # Then any other code you need to finish initialization.
 
         This ensures that instances will be configured properly.
         """
         config = kwargs.pop('config', None)
         if config is not None:
             # We used to deepcopy, but for now we are trying to just save
             # by reference.  This *could* have side effects as all components
             # will share config. In fact, I did find such a side effect in
             # _config_changed below. If a config attribute value was a mutable type
             # all instances of a component were getting the same copy, effectively
             # making that a class attribute.
             # self.config = deepcopy(config)
             self.config = config
         # This should go second so individual keyword arguments override 
         # the values in config.
         super(Configurable, self).__init__(**kwargs)
         self.created = datetime.datetime.now()
 
     #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
     # Static trait notifiations
     #-------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
     def _config_changed(self, name, old, new):
         """Update all the class traits having ``config=True`` as metadata.
 
         For any class trait with a ``config`` metadata attribute that is
         ``True``, we update the trait with the value of the corresponding
         config entry.
         """
         # Get all traits with a config metadata entry that is True
         traits = self.traits(config=True)
 
         # We auto-load config section for this class as well as any parent
         # classes that are Configurable subclasses.  This starts with Configurable
         # and works down the mro loading the config for each section.
         section_names = [cls.__name__ for cls in \
             reversed(self.__class__.__mro__) if 
             issubclass(cls, Configurable) and issubclass(self.__class__, cls)]
 
         for sname in section_names:
             # Don't do a blind getattr as that would cause the config to 
             # dynamically create the section with name self.__class__.__name__.
             if new._has_section(sname):
                 my_config = new[sname]
                 for k, v in traits.iteritems():
                     # Don't allow traitlets with config=True to start with
                     # uppercase.  Otherwise, they are confused with Config
                     # subsections.  But, developers shouldn't have uppercase
                     # attributes anyways! (PEP 6)
                     if k[0].upper()==k[0] and not k.startswith('_'):
                         raise ConfigurableError('Configurable traitlets with '
                         'config=True must start with a lowercase so they are '
                         'not confused with Config subsections: %s.%s' % \
                         (self.__class__.__name__, k))
                     try:
                         # Here we grab the value from the config
                         # If k has the naming convention of a config
                         # section, it will be auto created.
                         config_value = my_config[k]
                     except KeyError:
                         pass
                     else:
                         # print "Setting %s.%s from %s.%s=%r" % \
                         #     (self.__class__.__name__,k,sname,k,config_value)
                         # We have to do a deepcopy here if we don't deepcopy the entire
                         # config object. If we don't, a mutable config_value will be
                         # shared by all instances, effectively making it a class attribute.
                         setattr(self, k, deepcopy(config_value))
 
     @classmethod
-    def class_get_shortnames(cls):
-        """Return the shortname to fullname dict for config=True traits."""
-        cls_traits = cls.class_traits(config=True)
-        shortnames = {}
-        for k, v in cls_traits.items():
-            shortname = v.get_metadata('shortname')
-            if shortname is not None:
-                longname = cls.__name__ + '.' + k
-                shortnames[shortname] = longname
-        return shortnames
-
-    @classmethod
     def class_get_help(cls):
         """Get the help string for this class in ReST format."""
         cls_traits = cls.class_traits(config=True)
         final_help = []
         final_help.append(u'%s options' % cls.__name__)
         final_help.append(len(final_help[0])*u'-')
         for k, v in cls_traits.items():
             help = v.get_metadata('help')
-            shortname = v.get_metadata('shortname')
             header = "%s.%s : %s" % (cls.__name__, k, v.__class__.__name__)
-            if shortname is not None:
-                header += " (shortname=" + shortname + ")"
             final_help.append(header)
             if help is not None:
                 final_help.append(indent(help))
         return '\n'.join(final_help)
 
     @classmethod
     def class_print_help(cls):
         print cls.class_get_help()
 
 
 class SingletonConfigurable(Configurable):
     """A configurable that only allows one instance.
 
     This class is for classes that should only have one instance of itself
     or *any* subclass. To create and retrieve such a class use the
     :meth:`SingletonConfigurable.instance` method.
     """
 
     _instance = None
 
     @classmethod
     def instance(cls, *args, **kwargs):
         """Returns a global instance of this class.
 
         This method create a new instance if none have previously been created
         and returns a previously created instance is one already exists.
 
         The arguments and keyword arguments passed to this method are passed
         on to the :meth:`__init__` method of the class upon instantiation.
 
         Examples
         --------
 
         Create a singleton class using instance, and retrieve it::
 
             >>> from IPython.config.configurable import SingletonConfigurable
             >>> class Foo(SingletonConfigurable): pass
             >>> foo = Foo.instance()
             >>> foo == Foo.instance()
             True
 
         Create a subclass that is retrived using the base class instance::
 
             >>> class Bar(SingletonConfigurable): pass
             >>> class Bam(Bar): pass
             >>> bam = Bam.instance()
             >>> bam == Bar.instance()
             True
         """
         # Create and save the instance
         if cls._instance is None:
             inst = cls(*args, **kwargs)
             # Now make sure that the instance will also be returned by
             # the subclasses instance attribute.
             for subclass in cls.mro():
                 if issubclass(cls, subclass) and \
                 issubclass(subclass, SingletonConfigurable) and \
                 subclass != SingletonConfigurable:
                     subclass._instance = inst
                 else:
                     break
         if isinstance(cls._instance, cls):
             return cls._instance
         else:
             raise MultipleInstanceError(
                 'Multiple incompatible subclass instances of '
                 '%s are being created.' % cls.__name__
             )
 
     @classmethod
     def initialized(cls):
         """Has an instance been created?"""
         return hasattr(cls, "_instance") and cls._instance is not None
 

IPython/config/loader.py

@@ -1,491 +1,506 b''
 """A simple configuration system.
 
 Authors
 -------
 * Brian Granger
 * Fernando Perez
 """
 
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 #  Copyright (C) 2008-2009  The IPython Development Team
 #
 #  Distributed under the terms of the BSD License.  The full license is in
 #  the file COPYING, distributed as part of this software.
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Imports
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 import __builtin__
+import re
 import sys
 
 from IPython.external import argparse
 from IPython.utils.path import filefind
 
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Exceptions
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 
 class ConfigError(Exception):
     pass
 
 
 class ConfigLoaderError(ConfigError):
     pass
 
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Argparse fix
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 # Unfortunately argparse by default prints help messages to stderr instead of
 # stdout.  This makes it annoying to capture long help screens at the command
 # line, since one must know how to pipe stderr, which many users don't know how
 # to do.  So we override the print_help method with one that defaults to
 # stdout and use our class instead.
 
 class ArgumentParser(argparse.ArgumentParser):
     """Simple argparse subclass that prints help to stdout by default."""
     
     def print_help(self, file=None):
         if file is None:
             file = sys.stdout
         return super(ArgumentParser, self).print_help(file)
     
     print_help.__doc__ = argparse.ArgumentParser.print_help.__doc__
     
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Config class for holding config information
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 
 class Config(dict):
     """An attribute based dict that can do smart merges."""
 
     def __init__(self, *args, **kwds):
         dict.__init__(self, *args, **kwds)
         # This sets self.__dict__ = self, but it has to be done this way
         # because we are also overriding __setattr__.
         dict.__setattr__(self, '__dict__', self)
 
     def _merge(self, other):
         to_update = {}
         for k, v in other.iteritems():
             if not self.has_key(k):
                 to_update[k] = v
             else: # I have this key
                 if isinstance(v, Config):
                     # Recursively merge common sub Configs
                     self[k]._merge(v)
                 else:
                     # Plain updates for non-Configs
                     to_update[k] = v
 
         self.update(to_update)
 
     def _is_section_key(self, key):
         if key[0].upper()==key[0] and not key.startswith('_'):
             return True
         else:
             return False
 
     def __contains__(self, key):
         if self._is_section_key(key):
             return True
         else:
             return super(Config, self).__contains__(key)
     # .has_key is deprecated for dictionaries.
     has_key = __contains__
 
     def _has_section(self, key):
         if self._is_section_key(key):
             if super(Config, self).__contains__(key):
                 return True
         return False
 
     def copy(self):
         return type(self)(dict.copy(self))
 
     def __copy__(self):
         return self.copy()
 
     def __deepcopy__(self, memo):
         import copy
         return type(self)(copy.deepcopy(self.items()))
 
     def __getitem__(self, key):
         # We cannot use directly self._is_section_key, because it triggers
         # infinite recursion on top of PyPy. Instead, we manually fish the
         # bound method.
         is_section_key = self.__class__._is_section_key.__get__(self)
         
         # Because we use this for an exec namespace, we need to delegate
         # the lookup of names in __builtin__ to itself.  This means
         # that you can't have section or attribute names that are 
         # builtins.
         try:
             return getattr(__builtin__, key)
         except AttributeError:
             pass
         if is_section_key(key):
             try:
                 return dict.__getitem__(self, key)
             except KeyError:
                 c = Config()
                 dict.__setitem__(self, key, c)
                 return c
         else:
             return dict.__getitem__(self, key)
 
     def __setitem__(self, key, value):
         # Don't allow names in __builtin__ to be modified.
         if hasattr(__builtin__, key):
             raise ConfigError('Config variable names cannot have the same name '
                               'as a Python builtin: %s' % key)
         if self._is_section_key(key):
             if not isinstance(value, Config):
                 raise ValueError('values whose keys begin with an uppercase '
                                  'char must be Config instances: %r, %r' % (key, value))
         else:
             dict.__setitem__(self, key, value)
 
     def __getattr__(self, key):
         try:
             return self.__getitem__(key)
         except KeyError, e:
             raise AttributeError(e)
 
     def __setattr__(self, key, value):
         try:
             self.__setitem__(key, value)
         except KeyError, e:
             raise AttributeError(e)
 
     def __delattr__(self, key):
         try:
             dict.__delitem__(self, key)
         except KeyError, e:
             raise AttributeError(e)
 
 
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Config loading classes
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 
 class ConfigLoader(object):
     """A object for loading configurations from just about anywhere.
     
     The resulting configuration is packaged as a :class:`Struct`.
     
     Notes
     -----
     A :class:`ConfigLoader` does one thing: load a config from a source 
     (file, command line arguments) and returns the data as a :class:`Struct`.
     There are lots of things that :class:`ConfigLoader` does not do.  It does
     not implement complex logic for finding config files.  It does not handle
     default values or merge multiple configs.  These things need to be 
     handled elsewhere.
     """
 
     def __init__(self):
         """A base class for config loaders.
         
         Examples
         --------
         
         >>> cl = ConfigLoader()
         >>> config = cl.load_config()
         >>> config
         {}
         """
         self.clear()
 
     def clear(self):
         self.config = Config()
 
     def load_config(self):
         """Load a config from somewhere, return a :class:`Config` instance.
         
         Usually, this will cause self.config to be set and then returned.
         However, in most cases, :meth:`ConfigLoader.clear` should be called
         to erase any previous state.
         """
         self.clear()
         return self.config
 
 
 class FileConfigLoader(ConfigLoader):
     """A base class for file based configurations.
 
     As we add more file based config loaders, the common logic should go
     here.
     """
     pass
 
 
 class PyFileConfigLoader(FileConfigLoader):
     """A config loader for pure python files.
     
     This calls execfile on a plain python file and looks for attributes
     that are all caps.  These attribute are added to the config Struct.
     """
 
     def __init__(self, filename, path=None):
         """Build a config loader for a filename and path.
 
         Parameters
         ----------
         filename : str
             The file name of the config file.
         path : str, list, tuple
             The path to search for the config file on, or a sequence of
             paths to try in order.
         """
         super(PyFileConfigLoader, self).__init__()
         self.filename = filename
         self.path = path
         self.full_filename = ''
         self.data = None
 
     def load_config(self):
         """Load the config from a file and return it as a Struct."""
         self.clear()
         self._find_file()
         self._read_file_as_dict()
         self._convert_to_config()
         return self.config
 
     def _find_file(self):
         """Try to find the file by searching the paths."""
         self.full_filename = filefind(self.filename, self.path)
 
     def _read_file_as_dict(self):
         """Load the config file into self.config, with recursive loading."""
         # This closure is made available in the namespace that is used
         # to exec the config file.  This allows users to call
         # load_subconfig('myconfig.py') to load config files recursively.
         # It needs to be a closure because it has references to self.path
         # and self.config.  The sub-config is loaded with the same path
         # as the parent, but it uses an empty config which is then merged
         # with the parents.
         def load_subconfig(fname):
             loader = PyFileConfigLoader(fname, self.path)
             try:
                 sub_config = loader.load_config()
             except IOError:
                 # Pass silently if the sub config is not there. This happens
                 # when a user us using a profile, but not the default config.
                 pass
             else:
                 self.config._merge(sub_config)
 
         # Again, this needs to be a closure and should be used in config
         # files to get the config being loaded.
         def get_config():
             return self.config
 
         namespace = dict(load_subconfig=load_subconfig, get_config=get_config)
         fs_encoding = sys.getfilesystemencoding() or 'ascii'
         conf_filename = self.full_filename.encode(fs_encoding)
         execfile(conf_filename, namespace)
 
     def _convert_to_config(self):
         if self.data is None:
             ConfigLoaderError('self.data does not exist')
 
 
 class CommandLineConfigLoader(ConfigLoader):
     """A config loader for command line arguments.
 
     As we add more command line based loaders, the common logic should go
     here.
     """
 
+kv_pattern = re.compile(r'[A-Za-z]\w*(\.\w+)*\=.+')
+macro_pattern = re.compile(r'\-\-\w+(\-\w)*')
 
 class KeyValueConfigLoader(CommandLineConfigLoader):
     """A config loader that loads key value pairs from the command line.
 
     This allows command line options to be gives in the following form::
     
         ipython Global.profile="foo" InteractiveShell.autocall=False
     """
 
-    def __init__(self, argv=None, classes=None):
+    def __init__(self, argv=None, shortnames=None, macros=None):
         """Create a key value pair config loader.
 
         Parameters
         ----------
         argv : list
             A list that has the form of sys.argv[1:] which has unicode
             elements of the form u"key=value". If this is None (default),
             then sys.argv[1:] will be used.
-        classes : (list, tuple) of Configurables
-            A sequence of Configurable classes that will be used to map
-            shortnames to longnames.
+        shortnames : dict
+            A dict of aliases for configurable traits.
+            Keys are the short aliases, Values are the resolved trait.
+            Of the form: `{'shortname' : 'Configurable.trait'}`
+        macros : dict
+            A dict of macros, keyed by str name. Vaues can be Config objects,
+            dicts, or "key=value" strings.  If Config or dict, when the macro
+            is triggered, The macro is loaded as `self.config.update(m)`.
 
         Returns
         -------
         config : Config
             The resulting Config object.
 
         Examples
         --------
 
             >>> from IPython.config.loader import KeyValueConfigLoader
             >>> cl = KeyValueConfigLoader()
             >>> cl.load_config(["foo='bar'","A.name='brian'","B.number=0"])
             {'A': {'name': 'brian'}, 'B': {'number': 0}, 'foo': 'bar'}
         """
         if argv is None:
             argv = sys.argv[1:]
-        if classes is None:
-            classes = () 
         self.argv = argv
-        self.classes = classes
+        self.shortnames = shortnames or {}
+        self.macros = macros or {}
 
-    def load_config(self, argv=None, classes=None):
+    def load_config(self, argv=None, shortnames=None, macros=None):
         """Parse the configuration and generate the Config object.
 
         Parameters
         ----------
         argv : list, optional
             A list that has the form of sys.argv[1:] which has unicode
             elements of the form u"key=value". If this is None (default),
             then self.argv will be used.
-        classes : (list, tuple) of Configurables
-            A sequence of Configurable classes that will be used to map
-            shortnames to longnames.
+        shortnames : dict
+            A dict of aliases for configurable traits.
+            Keys are the short aliases, Values are the resolved trait.
+            Of the form: `{'shortname' : 'Configurable.trait'}`
+        macros : dict
+            A dict of macros, keyed by str name. Vaues can be Config objects,
+            dicts, or "key=value" strings.  If Config or dict, when the macro
+            is triggered, The macro is loaded as `self.config.update(m)`.
         """
         from IPython.config.configurable import Configurable
 
         self.clear()
         if argv is None:
             argv = self.argv
-        if classes is None:
-            classes = self.classes
-
-        # Create the mapping between shortnames and longnames.
-        shortnames = {}
-        for cls in classes:
-            if issubclass(cls, Configurable):
-                sn = cls.class_get_shortnames()
-                # Check for duplicate shortnames and raise if found.
-                for k, v in sn.items():
-                    if k in shortnames:
-                        raise KeyError(
-                            'Duplicate shortname: both %s and %s use the shortname: "%s"' %\
-                            (v, shortnames[k], k)
-                        )
-                shortnames.update(sn)
+        if shortnames is None:
+            shortnames = self.shortnames
+        if macros is None:
+            macros = self.macros
 
         for item in argv:
-            pair = tuple(item.split("="))
-            if len(pair) == 2:
-                lhs = pair[0]
-                rhs = pair[1]
+            if kv_pattern.match(item):
+                lhs,rhs = item.split('=',1)
                 # Substitute longnames for shortnames.
                 if lhs in shortnames:
                     lhs = shortnames[lhs]
                 exec_str = 'self.config.' + lhs + '=' + rhs
                 try:
                     # Try to see if regular Python syntax will work. This
                     # won't handle strings as the quote marks are removed
                     # by the system shell.
                     exec exec_str in locals(), globals()
                 except (NameError, SyntaxError):
                     # This case happens if the rhs is a string but without
                     # the quote marks.  We add the quote marks and see if
                     # it succeeds. If it still fails, we let it raise.
                     exec_str = 'self.config.' + lhs + '="' + rhs + '"'
                     exec exec_str in locals(), globals()
+            elif macro_pattern.match(item):
+                # trim leading '--'
+                m = item[2:]
+                macro = macros.get(m, None)
+                if macro is None:
+                    raise ValueError("Unrecognized argument: %r"%item)
+                macro = macros[m]
+                if isinstance(macro, basestring):
+                    # macro is simply a 'Class.trait=value' string
+                    exec_str = 'self.config.' + macro
+                    exec exec_str in locals(), globals()
+                elif isinstance(macro, (dict, Configurable)):
+                    # update self.config with Config:
+                    self.config.update(macros[m])
+                else:
+                    raise ValueError("Invalid macro: %r"%macro)
+            else:
+                raise ValueError("Invalid argument: %r"%item)
         return self.config
 
-
 class ArgParseConfigLoader(CommandLineConfigLoader):
     """A loader that uses the argparse module to load from the command line."""
 
     def __init__(self, argv=None, *parser_args, **parser_kw):
         """Create a config loader for use with argparse.
 
         Parameters
         ----------
 
         argv : optional, list
           If given, used to read command-line arguments from, otherwise
           sys.argv[1:] is used.
 
         parser_args : tuple
           A tuple of positional arguments that will be passed to the
           constructor of :class:`argparse.ArgumentParser`.
 
         parser_kw : dict
           A tuple of keyword arguments that will be passed to the
           constructor of :class:`argparse.ArgumentParser`.
 
         Returns
         -------
         config : Config
             The resulting Config object.
         """
         super(CommandLineConfigLoader, self).__init__()
         if argv == None:
             argv = sys.argv[1:]
         self.argv = argv
         self.parser_args = parser_args
         self.version = parser_kw.pop("version", None)
         kwargs = dict(argument_default=argparse.SUPPRESS)
         kwargs.update(parser_kw)
         self.parser_kw = kwargs
 
     def load_config(self, argv=None):
         """Parse command line arguments and return as a Config object.
 
         Parameters
         ----------
 
         args : optional, list
           If given, a list with the structure of sys.argv[1:] to parse
           arguments from. If not given, the instance's self.argv attribute
           (given at construction time) is used."""
         self.clear()
         if argv is None:
             argv = self.argv
         self._create_parser()
         self._parse_args(argv)
         self._convert_to_config()
         return self.config
 
     def get_extra_args(self):
         if hasattr(self, 'extra_args'):
             return self.extra_args
         else:
             return []
 
     def _create_parser(self):
         self.parser = ArgumentParser(*self.parser_args, **self.parser_kw)
         self._add_arguments()
 
     def _add_arguments(self):
         raise NotImplementedError("subclasses must implement _add_arguments")
 
     def _parse_args(self, args):
         """self.parser->self.parsed_data"""
         # decode sys.argv to support unicode command-line options
         uargs = []
         for a in args:
             if isinstance(a, str):
                 # don't decode if we already got unicode
                 a = a.decode(sys.stdin.encoding or 
                                             sys.getdefaultencoding())
             uargs.append(a)
         self.parsed_data, self.extra_args = self.parser.parse_known_args(uargs)
 
     def _convert_to_config(self):
         """self.parsed_data->self.config"""
         for k, v in vars(self.parsed_data).iteritems():
             exec_str = 'self.config.' + k + '= v'
             exec exec_str in locals(), globals()
 
 

IPython/config/tests/test_application.py

@@ -1,90 +1,108 b''
 """
 Tests for IPython.config.application.Application
 
 Authors:
 
 * Brian Granger
 """
 
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 #  Copyright (C) 2008-2011  The IPython Development Team
 #
 #  Distributed under the terms of the BSD License.  The full license is in
 #  the file COPYING, distributed as part of this software.
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Imports
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 from unittest import TestCase
 
 from IPython.config.configurable import Configurable
 
 from IPython.config.application import (
     Application
 )
 
 from IPython.utils.traitlets import (
     Bool, Unicode, Int, Float, List
 )
 
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Code
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 class Foo(Configurable):
 
-    i = Int(0, config=True, shortname='i', help="The integer i.")
-    j = Int(1, config=True, shortname='j', help="The integer j.")
-    name = Unicode(u'Brian', config=True, shortname='name', help="First name.")
+    i = Int(0, config=True, help="The integer i.")
+    j = Int(1, config=True, help="The integer j.")
+    name = Unicode(u'Brian', config=True, help="First name.")
 
 
 class Bar(Configurable):
 
-    enabled = Bool(True, config=True, shortname="enabled", help="Enable bar.")
+    enabled = Bool(True, config=True, help="Enable bar.")
 
 
 class MyApp(Application):
 
     app_name = Unicode(u'myapp')
     running = Bool(False, config=True, shortname="running",
                    help="Is the app running?")
     classes = List([Bar, Foo])
     config_file = Unicode(u'', config=True, shortname="config_file",
                    help="Load this config file")
 
+    shortnames = dict(i='Foo.i',j='Foo.j',name='Foo.name',
+                    enabled='Bar.enabled', log_level='MyApp.log_level')
+    
+    macros = dict(enable='Bar.enabled=True', disable='Bar.enabled=False')
+
+    macro_help = dict(
+            enable="""Enable bar""",
+            disable="""Disable bar"""
+    )
     def init_foo(self):
         self.foo = Foo(config=self.config)
 
     def init_bar(self):
         self.bar = Bar(config=self.config)
 
 
 class TestApplication(TestCase):
 
     def test_basic(self):
         app = MyApp()
         self.assertEquals(app.app_name, u'myapp')
         self.assertEquals(app.running, False)
         self.assertEquals(app.classes, [MyApp,Bar,Foo])
         self.assertEquals(app.config_file, u'')
 
     def test_config(self):
         app = MyApp()
         app.parse_command_line(["i=10","Foo.j=10","enabled=False","log_level=0"])
         config = app.config
         self.assertEquals(config.Foo.i, 10)
         self.assertEquals(config.Foo.j, 10)
         self.assertEquals(config.Bar.enabled, False)
         self.assertEquals(config.MyApp.log_level,0)
 
     def test_config_propagation(self):
         app = MyApp()
         app.parse_command_line(["i=10","Foo.j=10","enabled=False","log_level=0"])
         app.init_foo()
         app.init_bar()
         self.assertEquals(app.foo.i, 10)
         self.assertEquals(app.foo.j, 10)
         self.assertEquals(app.bar.enabled, False)
 
+    def test_macro(self):
+        app = MyApp()
+        app.parse_command_line(["--disable"])
+        app.init_bar()
+        self.assertEquals(app.bar.enabled, False)
+        app.parse_command_line(["--enable"])
+        app.init_bar()
+        self.assertEquals(app.bar.enabled, True)
+    

IPython/config/tests/test_configurable.py

@@ -1,172 +1,164 b''
 #!/usr/bin/env python
 # encoding: utf-8
 """
 Tests for IPython.config.configurable
 
 Authors:
 
 * Brian Granger
 * Fernando Perez (design help)
 """
 
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 #  Copyright (C) 2008-2010  The IPython Development Team
 #
 #  Distributed under the terms of the BSD License.  The full license is in
 #  the file COPYING, distributed as part of this software.
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Imports
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 from unittest import TestCase
 
 from IPython.config.configurable import (
     Configurable, 
     SingletonConfigurable
 )
 
 from IPython.utils.traitlets import (
     Int, Float, Str
 )
 
 from IPython.config.loader import Config
 
 
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Test cases
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 
 class MyConfigurable(Configurable):
-    a = Int(1, config=True, shortname="a", help="The integer a.")
-    b = Float(1.0, config=True, shortname="b", help="The integer b.")
+    a = Int(1, config=True, help="The integer a.")
+    b = Float(1.0, config=True, help="The integer b.")
     c = Str('no config')
 
 
 mc_help=u"""MyConfigurable options
 ----------------------
-MyConfigurable.a : Int (shortname=a)
+MyConfigurable.a : Int
     The integer a.
-MyConfigurable.b : Float (shortname=b)
+MyConfigurable.b : Float
     The integer b."""
 
 class Foo(Configurable):
-    a = Int(0, config=True, shortname="a", help="The integer a.")
+    a = Int(0, config=True, help="The integer a.")
     b = Str('nope', config=True)
 
 
 class Bar(Foo):
-    b = Str('gotit', config=False, shortname="b", help="The string b.")
-    c = Float(config=True, shortname="c", help="The string c.")
+    b = Str('gotit', config=False, help="The string b.")
+    c = Float(config=True, help="The string c.")
 
 
 class TestConfigurable(TestCase):
 
     def test_default(self):
         c1 = Configurable()
         c2 = Configurable(config=c1.config)
         c3 = Configurable(config=c2.config)
         self.assertEquals(c1.config, c2.config)
         self.assertEquals(c2.config, c3.config)
 
     def test_custom(self):
         config = Config()
         config.foo = 'foo'
         config.bar = 'bar'
         c1 = Configurable(config=config)
         c2 = Configurable(config=c1.config)
         c3 = Configurable(config=c2.config)
         self.assertEquals(c1.config, config)
         self.assertEquals(c2.config, config)
         self.assertEquals(c3.config, config)
         # Test that copies are not made
         self.assert_(c1.config is config)
         self.assert_(c2.config is config)
         self.assert_(c3.config is config)
         self.assert_(c1.config is c2.config)
         self.assert_(c2.config is c3.config)
         
     def test_inheritance(self):
         config = Config()
         config.MyConfigurable.a = 2
         config.MyConfigurable.b = 2.0
         c1 = MyConfigurable(config=config)
         c2 = MyConfigurable(config=c1.config)
         self.assertEquals(c1.a, config.MyConfigurable.a)
         self.assertEquals(c1.b, config.MyConfigurable.b)
         self.assertEquals(c2.a, config.MyConfigurable.a)
         self.assertEquals(c2.b, config.MyConfigurable.b)
 
     def test_parent(self):
         config = Config()
         config.Foo.a = 10
         config.Foo.b = "wow"
         config.Bar.b = 'later'
         config.Bar.c = 100.0
         f = Foo(config=config)
         b = Bar(config=f.config)
         self.assertEquals(f.a, 10)
         self.assertEquals(f.b, 'wow')
         self.assertEquals(b.b, 'gotit')
         self.assertEquals(b.c, 100.0)
 
     def test_override1(self):
         config = Config()
         config.MyConfigurable.a = 2
         config.MyConfigurable.b = 2.0
         c = MyConfigurable(a=3, config=config)
         self.assertEquals(c.a, 3)
         self.assertEquals(c.b, config.MyConfigurable.b)
         self.assertEquals(c.c, 'no config')
 
     def test_override2(self):
         config = Config()
         config.Foo.a = 1
         config.Bar.b = 'or'  # Up above b is config=False, so this won't do it.
         config.Bar.c = 10.0
         c = Bar(config=config)
         self.assertEquals(c.a, config.Foo.a)
         self.assertEquals(c.b, 'gotit')
         self.assertEquals(c.c, config.Bar.c)
         c = Bar(a=2, b='and', c=20.0, config=config)
         self.assertEquals(c.a, 2)
         self.assertEquals(c.b, 'and')
         self.assertEquals(c.c, 20.0)
 
-    def test_shortnames(self):
-        sn = MyConfigurable.class_get_shortnames()
-        self.assertEquals(sn, {'a': 'MyConfigurable.a', 'b': 'MyConfigurable.b'})
-        sn = Foo.class_get_shortnames()
-        self.assertEquals(sn, {'a': 'Foo.a'})
-        sn = Bar.class_get_shortnames()
-        self.assertEquals(sn, {'a': 'Bar.a', 'c': 'Bar.c'})
-
     def test_help(self):
         self.assertEquals(MyConfigurable.class_get_help(), mc_help)
 
 
 class TestSingletonConfigurable(TestCase):
 
     def test_instance(self):
         from IPython.config.configurable import SingletonConfigurable
         class Foo(SingletonConfigurable): pass
         self.assertEquals(Foo.initialized(), False)
         foo = Foo.instance()
         self.assertEquals(Foo.initialized(), True)
         self.assertEquals(foo, Foo.instance())
         self.assertEquals(SingletonConfigurable._instance, None)
 
     def test_inheritance(self):
         class Bar(SingletonConfigurable): pass
         class Bam(Bar): pass
         self.assertEquals(Bar.initialized(), False)
         self.assertEquals(Bam.initialized(), False)
         bam = Bam.instance()
         bam == Bar.instance()
         self.assertEquals(Bar.initialized(), True)
         self.assertEquals(Bam.initialized(), True)
         self.assertEquals(bam, Bam._instance)
         self.assertEquals(bam, Bar._instance)
         self.assertEquals(SingletonConfigurable._instance, None)

IPython/config/tests/test_loader.py

@@ -1,207 +1,190 b''
 #!/usr/bin/env python
 # encoding: utf-8
 """
 Tests for IPython.config.loader
 
 Authors:
 
 * Brian Granger
 * Fernando Perez (design help)
 """
 
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 #  Copyright (C) 2008-2009  The IPython Development Team
 #
 #  Distributed under the terms of the BSD License.  The full license is in
 #  the file COPYING, distributed as part of this software.
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Imports
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 import os
 from tempfile import mkstemp
 from unittest import TestCase
 
 from IPython.utils.traitlets import Int, Unicode
 from IPython.config.configurable import Configurable
 from IPython.config.loader import (
     Config,
     PyFileConfigLoader,
     KeyValueConfigLoader,
     ArgParseConfigLoader,
     ConfigError
 )
 
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 # Actual tests
 #-----------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
 
 pyfile = """
 c = get_config()
 c.a=10
 c.b=20
 c.Foo.Bar.value=10
 c.Foo.Bam.value=range(10)
 c.D.C.value='hi there'
 """
 
 class TestPyFileCL(TestCase):
 
     def test_basic(self):
         fd, fname = mkstemp('.py')
         f = os.fdopen(fd, 'w')
         f.write(pyfile)
         f.close()
         # Unlink the file
         cl = PyFileConfigLoader(fname)
         config = cl.load_config()
         self.assertEquals(config.a, 10)
         self.assertEquals(config.b, 20)
         self.assertEquals(config.Foo.Bar.value, 10)
         self.assertEquals(config.Foo.Bam.value, range(10))
         self.assertEquals(config.D.C.value, 'hi there')
 
 class MyLoader1(ArgParseConfigLoader):
     def _add_arguments(self):
         p = self.parser
         p.add_argument('-f', '--foo', dest='Global.foo', type=str)
         p.add_argument('-b', dest='MyClass.bar', type=int)
         p.add_argument('-n', dest='n', action='store_true')
         p.add_argument('Global.bam', type=str)
 
 class MyLoader2(ArgParseConfigLoader):
     def _add_arguments(self):
         subparsers = self.parser.add_subparsers(dest='subparser_name')
         subparser1 = subparsers.add_parser('1')
         subparser1.add_argument('-x',dest='Global.x')
         subparser2 = subparsers.add_parser('2')
         subparser2.add_argument('y')
 
 class TestArgParseCL(TestCase):
 
     def test_basic(self):
         cl = MyLoader1()
         config = cl.load_config('-f hi -b 10 -n wow'.split())
         self.assertEquals(config.Global.foo, 'hi')
         self.assertEquals(config.MyClass.bar, 10)
         self.assertEquals(config.n, True)
         self.assertEquals(config.Global.bam, 'wow')
         config = cl.load_config(['wow'])
         self.assertEquals(config.keys(), ['Global'])
         self.assertEquals(config.Global.keys(), ['bam'])
         self.assertEquals(config.Global.bam, 'wow')
 
     def test_add_arguments(self):
         cl = MyLoader2()
         config = cl.load_config('2 frobble'.split())
         self.assertEquals(config.subparser_name, '2')
         self.assertEquals(config.y, 'frobble')
         config = cl.load_config('1 -x frobble'.split())
         self.assertEquals(config.subparser_name, '1')
         self.assertEquals(config.Global.x, 'frobble')
 
     def test_argv(self):
         cl = MyLoader1(argv='-f hi -b 10 -n wow'.split())
         config = cl.load_config()
         self.assertEquals(config.Global.foo, 'hi')
         self.assertEquals(config.MyClass.bar, 10)
         self.assertEquals(config.n, True)
         self.assertEquals(config.Global.bam, 'wow')
 
 
 class TestKeyValueCL(TestCase):
 
     def test_basic(self):
         cl = KeyValueConfigLoader()
         argv = [s.strip('c.') for s in pyfile.split('\n')[2:-1]]
         config = cl.load_config(argv)
         self.assertEquals(config.a, 10)
         self.assertEquals(config.b, 20)
         self.assertEquals(config.Foo.Bar.value, 10)
         self.assertEquals(config.Foo.Bam.value, range(10))
         self.assertEquals(config.D.C.value, 'hi there')
 
-    def test_shortname(self):
-        class Foo(Configurable):
-            i = Int(0, config=True, shortname="i")
-            s = Unicode('hi', config=True, shortname="s")
-        cl = KeyValueConfigLoader()
-        config = cl.load_config(["i=20", "s=there"], classes=[Foo])
-        self.assertEquals(config.Foo.i, 20)
-        self.assertEquals(config.Foo.s, "there")
-
-    def test_duplicate(self):
-        class Foo(Configurable):
-            i = Int(0, config=True, shortname="i")
-        class Bar(Configurable):
-            i = Int(0, config=True, shortname="i")
-        cl = KeyValueConfigLoader()
-        self.assertRaises(KeyError, cl.load_config, ["i=20", "s=there"], classes=[Foo, Bar])
-
 
 class TestConfig(TestCase):
 
     def test_setget(self):
         c = Config()
         c.a = 10
         self.assertEquals(c.a, 10)
         self.assertEquals(c.has_key('b'), False)
 
     def test_auto_section(self):
         c = Config()
         self.assertEquals(c.has_key('A'), True)
         self.assertEquals(c._has_section('A'), False)
         A = c.A
         A.foo = 'hi there'
         self.assertEquals(c._has_section('A'), True)
         self.assertEquals(c.A.foo, 'hi there')
         del c.A
         self.assertEquals(len(c.A.keys()),0)
 
     def test_merge_doesnt_exist(self):
         c1 = Config()
         c2 = Config()
         c2.bar = 10
         c2.Foo.bar = 10
         c1._merge(c2)
         self.assertEquals(c1.Foo.bar, 10)
         self.assertEquals(c1.bar, 10)
         c2.Bar.bar = 10
         c1._merge(c2)
         self.assertEquals(c1.Bar.bar, 10)
 
     def test_merge_exists(self):
         c1 = Config()
         c2 = Config()
         c1.Foo.bar = 10
         c1.Foo.bam = 30
         c2.Foo.bar = 20
         c2.Foo.wow = 40
         c1._merge(c2)
         self.assertEquals(c1.Foo.bam, 30)
         self.assertEquals(c1.Foo.bar, 20)
         self.assertEquals(c1.Foo.wow, 40)
         c2.Foo.Bam.bam = 10
         c1._merge(c2)
         self.assertEquals(c1.Foo.Bam.bam, 10)
 
     def test_deepcopy(self):
         c1 = Config()
         c1.Foo.bar = 10
         c1.Foo.bam = 30
         c1.a = 'asdf'
         c1.b = range(10)
         import copy
         c2 = copy.deepcopy(c1)
         self.assertEquals(c1, c2)
         self.assert_(c1 is not c2)
         self.assert_(c1.Foo is not c2.Foo)
 
     def test_builtin(self):
         c1 = Config()
         exec 'foo = True' in c1
         self.assertEquals(c1.foo, True)
         self.assertRaises(ConfigError, setattr, c1, 'ValueError', 10)

docs/examples/core/appconfig.py

@@ -1,88 +1,97 b''
 """A simple example of how to use IPython.config.application.Application.
 
 This should serve as a simple example that shows how the IPython config
 system works. The main classes are:
 
 * IPython.config.configurable.Configurable
 * IPython.config.configurable.SingletonConfigurable
 * IPython.config.loader.Config
 * IPython.config.application.Application
 
 To see the command line option help, run this program from the command line::
 
     $ python appconfig.py -h
 
 To make one of your classes configurable (from the command line and config
 files) inherit from Configurable and declare class attributes as traits (see
 classes Foo and Bar below). To make the traits configurable, you will need
 to set the following options:
 
 * ``config``: set to ``True`` to make the attribute configurable.
 * ``shortname``: by default, configurable attributes are set using the syntax
   "Classname.attributename". At the command line, this is a bit verbose, so
   we allow "shortnames" to be declared. Setting a shortname is optional, but
   when you do this, you can set the option at the command line using the
   syntax: "shortname=value".
 * ``help``: set the help string to display a help message when the ``-h``
   option is given at the command line. The help string should be valid ReST.
 
 When the config attribute of an Application is updated, it will fire all of
 the trait's events for all of the config=True attributes.
 """
 
 import sys
 
 from IPython.config.configurable import Configurable
 from IPython.config.application import Application
 from IPython.utils.traitlets import (
     Bool, Unicode, Int, Float, List
 )
 
 
 class Foo(Configurable):
     """A class that has configurable, typed attributes.
 
     """
 
     i = Int(0, config=True, shortname='i', help="The integer i.")
     j = Int(1, config=True, shortname='j', help="The integer j.")
     name = Unicode(u'Brian', config=True, shortname='name', help="First name.")
 
 
 class Bar(Configurable):
 
     enabled = Bool(True, config=True, shortname="enabled", help="Enable bar.")
 
 
 class MyApp(Application):
 
     app_name = Unicode(u'myapp')
     running = Bool(False, config=True, shortname="running",
                    help="Is the app running?")
     classes = List([Bar, Foo])
     config_file = Unicode(u'', config=True, shortname="config_file",
                    help="Load this config file")
+    
+    shortnames = dict(i='Foo.i',j='Foo.j',name='Foo.name',
+                        enabled='Bar.enabled')
+    
+    macros = dict(enable='Bar.enabled=True', disable='Bar.enabled=False')
+    macro_help = dict(
+            enable="""Set Bar.enabled to True""",
+            disable="""Set Bar.enabled to False"""
+    )
 
     def init_foo(self):
         # Pass config to other classes for them to inherit the config.
         self.foo = Foo(config=self.config)
 
     def init_bar(self):
         # Pass config to other classes for them to inherit the config.
         self.bar = Bar(config=self.config)
 
 
 
 def main():
     app = MyApp()
     app.parse_command_line()
     if app.config_file:
         app.load_config_file(app.config_file)
     app.init_foo()
     app.init_bar()
     print "app.config:"
     print app.config
 
 
 if __name__ == "__main__":
     main()