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1 ============
1 ============
2 1.0 Series
2 1.0 Series
3 ============
3 ============
4
4
5 Release 1.0
5 Release 1.0
6 ===========
6 ===========
7
7
8 .. note::
8 .. note::
9
9
10 This document describes a pre-release version of IPython.
10 This document describes a pre-release version of IPython.
11
11
12 IPython 1.0 requires Python β‰₯ 2.6.5 or β‰₯ 3.2.1.
12 IPython 1.0 requires Python β‰₯ 2.6.5 or β‰₯ 3.2.1.
13 It does not support Python 3.0, 3.1, or 2.5.
13 It does not support Python 3.0, 3.1, or 2.5.
14
14
15 This is a big release. The principal milestone is the addition of :mod:`IPython.nbconvert`,
15 This is a big release. The principal milestone is the addition of :mod:`IPython.nbconvert`,
16 but there has been a great deal of work improving all parts of IPython as well.
16 but there has been a great deal of work improving all parts of IPython as well.
17
17
18 The previous version (0.13) was released on June 30, 2012,
18 The previous version (0.13) was released on June 30, 2012,
19 and in this development cycle we had:
19 and in this development cycle we had:
20
20
21 - ~12 months of work.
21 - ~12 months of work.
22 - ~700 pull requests merged.
22 - ~700 pull requests merged.
23 - ~600 issues closed (non-pull requests).
23 - ~600 issues closed (non-pull requests).
24 - contributions from ~150 authors.
24 - contributions from ~150 authors.
25 - ~4000 commits.
25 - ~4000 commits.
26
26
27 The amount of work included in this release is so large that we can only cover
27 The amount of work included in this release is so large that we can only cover
28 here the main highlights; please see our :ref:`detailed release statistics
28 here the main highlights; please see our :ref:`detailed release statistics
29 <issues_list_100>` for links to every issue and pull request closed on GitHub
29 <issues_list_100>` for links to every issue and pull request closed on GitHub
30 as well as a full list of individual contributors.
30 as well as a full list of individual contributors.
31 It includes
31 It includes
32
32
33 Reorganization
33 Reorganization
34 --------------
34 --------------
35
35
36 There have been two major reorganizations in IPython 1.0:
36 There have been two major reorganizations in IPython 1.0:
37
37
38 - Added :mod:`IPython.kernel` for all kernel-related code.
38 - Added :mod:`IPython.kernel` for all kernel-related code.
39 This means that :mod:`IPython.zmq` has been removed,
39 This means that :mod:`IPython.zmq` has been removed,
40 and much of it is now in :mod:`IPython.kernel.zmq`,
40 and much of it is now in :mod:`IPython.kernel.zmq`,
41 some of it being in the top-level :mod:`IPython.kernel`.
41 some of it being in the top-level :mod:`IPython.kernel`.
42 - We have removed the `frontend` subpackage,
42 - We have removed the `frontend` subpackage,
43 as it caused unnecessary depth. So what was :mod:`IPython.frontend.qt`
43 as it caused unnecessary depth. So what was :mod:`IPython.frontend.qt`
44 is now :mod:`IPython.qt`, and so on. The one difference is that
44 is now :mod:`IPython.qt`, and so on. The one difference is that
45 the notebook has been further flattened, so that
45 the notebook has been further flattened, so that
46 :mod:`IPython.frontend.html.notebook` is now just `IPython.html`.
46 :mod:`IPython.frontend.html.notebook` is now just `IPython.html`.
47 There is a shim module, so :mod:`IPython.frontend` is still
47 There is a shim module, so :mod:`IPython.frontend` is still
48 importable in 1.0, but there will be a warning.
48 importable in 1.0, but there will be a warning.
49 - The IPython sphinx directives are now installed in :mod:`IPython.sphinx`,
49 - The IPython sphinx directives are now installed in :mod:`IPython.sphinx`,
50 so they can be imported by other projects.
50 so they can be imported by other projects.
51
51
52
52
53 Public APIs
53 Public APIs
54 -----------
54 -----------
55
55
56 For the first time since 0.10 (sorry, everyone),
56 For the first time since 0.10 (sorry, everyone),
57 there is an official public API for starting IPython:
57 there is an official public API for starting IPython:
58
58
59 .. sourcecode:: python
59 .. sourcecode:: python
60
60
61 from IPython import start_ipython
61 from IPython import start_ipython
62 start_ipython()
62 start_ipython()
63
63
64 This is what packages should use that start their own IPython session,
64 This is what packages should use that start their own IPython session,
65 but don't actually want embedded IPython (most cases).
65 but don't actually want embedded IPython (most cases).
66
66
67 We also have added:
67 We also have added:
68
68
69 .. sourcecode:: python
69 .. sourcecode:: python
70
70
71 from IPython import get_ipython
71 from IPython import get_ipython
72
72
73
73
74 Which is a *library* function for getting the current IPython instance,
74 Which is a *library* function for getting the current IPython instance,
75 and will return ``None`` if no IPython instance is running.
75 and will return ``None`` if no IPython instance is running.
76 This is the official way to check whether your code is called from inside an IPython session.
76 This is the official way to check whether your code is called from inside an IPython session.
77 If you want to check for IPython without unnecessarily importing IPython,
77 If you want to check for IPython without unnecessarily importing IPython,
78 use this function:
78 use this function:
79
79
80 .. sourcecode:: python
80 .. sourcecode:: python
81
81
82 def get_ipython():
82 def get_ipython():
83 """return IPython instance if there is one, None otherwise"""
83 """return IPython instance if there is one, None otherwise"""
84 import sys
84 import sys
85 if "IPython" in sys.modules:
85 if "IPython" in sys.modules:
86 import IPython
86 import IPython
87 return IPython.get_ipython()
87 return IPython.get_ipython()
88
88
89 Core
89 Core
90 ----
90 ----
91
91
92 - The input transformation framework has been reworked. This fixes some corner
92 - The input transformation framework has been reworked. This fixes some corner
93 cases, and adds more flexibility for projects which use IPython, like SymPy &
93 cases, and adds more flexibility for projects which use IPython, like SymPy &
94 SAGE. For more details, see :doc:`/config/inputtransforms`.
94 SAGE. For more details, see :doc:`/config/inputtransforms`.
95 - Exception types can now be displayed with a custom traceback, by defining a
95 - Exception types can now be displayed with a custom traceback, by defining a
96 ``_render_traceback_()`` method which returns a list of strings, each
96 ``_render_traceback_()`` method which returns a list of strings, each
97 containing one line of the traceback.
97 containing one line of the traceback.
98 - A new command, ``ipython history trim`` can be used to delete everything but
98 - A new command, ``ipython history trim`` can be used to delete everything but
99 the last 1000 entries in the history database.
99 the last 1000 entries in the history database.
100 - ``__file__`` is defined in both config files at load time,
100 - ``__file__`` is defined in both config files at load time,
101 and ``.ipy`` files executed with ``%run``.
101 and ``.ipy`` files executed with ``%run``.
102 - ``%logstart`` and ``%logappend`` are no longer broken.
102 - ``%logstart`` and ``%logappend`` are no longer broken.
103 - Add glob expansion for ``%run``, e.g. ``%run -g script.py *.txt``.
103 - Add glob expansion for ``%run``, e.g. ``%run -g script.py *.txt``.
104 - Expand variables (``$foo``) in Cell Magic argument line.
104 - Expand variables (``$foo``) in Cell Magic argument line.
105 - By default, :command:`iptest` will exclude various slow tests.
105 - By default, :command:`iptest` will exclude various slow tests.
106 All tests can be run with :command:`iptest --all`.
106 All tests can be run with :command:`iptest --all`.
107 - SQLite history can be disabled in the various cases that it does not behave well.
107 - SQLite history can be disabled in the various cases that it does not behave well.
108 - ``%edit`` works on interactively defined variables.
108 - ``%edit`` works on interactively defined variables.
109 - editor hooks have been restored from quarantine, enabling TextMate as editor,
109 - editor hooks have been restored from quarantine, enabling TextMate as editor,
110 etc.
110 etc.
111 - The env variable PYTHONSTARTUP is respected by IPython.
111 - The env variable PYTHONSTARTUP is respected by IPython.
112 - A ``%matplotlib`` magic is added, which is like the old ``%pylab`` magic,
112 - A ``%matplotlib`` magic is added, which is like the old ``%pylab`` magic,
113 but it does not import anything to the interactive namespace.
113 but it does not import anything to the interactive namespace.
114 It is recommended that users switch to ``%matplotlib`` and explicit imports.
114 It is recommended that users switch to ``%matplotlib`` and explicit imports.
115
115
116
116
117 Backwards incompatible changes
117 Backwards incompatible changes
118 ******************************
118 ******************************
119
119
120 - Calling :meth:`InteractiveShell.prefilter` will no longer perform static
120 - Calling :meth:`InteractiveShell.prefilter` will no longer perform static
121 transformations - the processing of escaped commands such as ``%magic`` and
121 transformations - the processing of escaped commands such as ``%magic`` and
122 ``!system``, and stripping input prompts from code blocks. This functionality
122 ``!system``, and stripping input prompts from code blocks. This functionality
123 was duplicated in :mod:`IPython.core.inputsplitter`, and the latter version
123 was duplicated in :mod:`IPython.core.inputsplitter`, and the latter version
124 was already what IPython relied on. A new API to transform input will be ready
124 was already what IPython relied on. A new API to transform input will be ready
125 before release.
125 before release.
126 - Functions from :mod:`IPython.lib.inputhook` to control integration with GUI
126 - Functions from :mod:`IPython.lib.inputhook` to control integration with GUI
127 event loops are no longer exposed in the top level of :mod:`IPython.lib`.
127 event loops are no longer exposed in the top level of :mod:`IPython.lib`.
128 Code calling these should make sure to import them from
128 Code calling these should make sure to import them from
129 :mod:`IPython.lib.inputhook`.
129 :mod:`IPython.lib.inputhook`.
130 - For all kernel managers, the ``sub_channel`` attribute has been renamed to
130 - For all kernel managers, the ``sub_channel`` attribute has been renamed to
131 ``iopub_channel``.
131 ``iopub_channel``.
132 - Users on Python versions before 2.6.6, 2.7.1 or 3.2 will now need to call
132 - Users on Python versions before 2.6.6, 2.7.1 or 3.2 will now need to call
133 :func:`IPython.utils.doctestreload.doctest_reload` to make doctests run
133 :func:`IPython.utils.doctestreload.doctest_reload` to make doctests run
134 correctly inside IPython. Python releases since those versions are unaffected.
134 correctly inside IPython. Python releases since those versions are unaffected.
135 For details, see :ghpull:`3068` and `Python issue 8048 <http://bugs.python.org/issue8048>`_.
135 For details, see :ghpull:`3068` and `Python issue 8048 <http://bugs.python.org/issue8048>`_.
136 - The ``InteractiveShell.cache_main_mod()`` method has been removed, and
136 - The ``InteractiveShell.cache_main_mod()`` method has been removed, and
137 :meth:`~IPython.core.interactiveshell.InteractiveShell.new_main_mod` has a
137 :meth:`~IPython.core.interactiveshell.InteractiveShell.new_main_mod` has a
138 different signature, expecting a filename where earlier versions expected
138 different signature, expecting a filename where earlier versions expected
139 a namespace. See :ghpull:`3555` for details.
139 a namespace. See :ghpull:`3555` for details.
140 - The short-lived plugin system has been removed. Extensions are the way to go.
140 - The short-lived plugin system has been removed. Extensions are the way to go.
141
141
142
142
143 .. _nbconvert1:
144
143 NbConvert
145 NbConvert
144 ---------
146 ---------
145
147
146 The major milestone for IPython 1.0 is the addition of :mod:`IPython.nbconvert` - tools for converting
148 The major milestone for IPython 1.0 is the addition of :mod:`IPython.nbconvert` - tools for converting
147 IPython notebooks to various other formats.
149 IPython notebooks to various other formats.
148
150
149 .. warning::
151 .. warning::
150
152
151 nbconvert is Ξ±-level preview code in 1.0
153 nbconvert is Ξ±-level preview code in 1.0
152
154
153 To use nbconvert to convert various file formats::
155 To use nbconvert to convert various file formats::
154
156
155 ipython nbconvert --format full_html *.ipynb
157 ipython nbconvert --format full_html *.ipynb
156
158
157 See ``ipython nbconvert --help`` for more information.
159 See ``ipython nbconvert --help`` for more information.
158 nbconvert depends on `pandoc`_ for many of the translations to and from various formats.
160 nbconvert depends on `pandoc`_ for many of the translations to and from various formats.
159
161
160 .. _pandoc: http://johnmacfarlane.net/pandoc/
162 .. _pandoc: http://johnmacfarlane.net/pandoc/
161
163
162 Notebook
164 Notebook
163 --------
165 --------
164
166
165 Major changes to the IPython Notebook in 1.0:
167 Major changes to the IPython Notebook in 1.0:
166
168
167 - The notebook is now autosaved, by default at an interval of two minutes.
169 - The notebook is now autosaved, by default at an interval of two minutes.
168 When you press 'save' or Ctrl-S, a *checkpoint* is made, in a hidden folder.
170 When you press 'save' or Ctrl-S, a *checkpoint* is made, in a hidden folder.
169 This checkpoint can be restored, so that the autosave model is strictly safer
171 This checkpoint can be restored, so that the autosave model is strictly safer
170 than traditional save. If you change nothing about your save habits,
172 than traditional save. If you change nothing about your save habits,
171 you will always have a checkpoint that you have written,
173 you will always have a checkpoint that you have written,
172 and an autosaved file that is kept up to date.
174 and an autosaved file that is kept up to date.
173 - You can load custom javascript and CSS in the notebook by editing the files
175 - You can load custom javascript and CSS in the notebook by editing the files
174 :file:`$(ipython locate profile)/static/custom/custom.{js,css}`.
176 :file:`$(ipython locate profile)/static/custom/custom.{js,css}`.
175 - Add ``%%html``, ``%%svg``, ``%%javascript``, and ``%%latex`` cell magics
177 - Add ``%%html``, ``%%svg``, ``%%javascript``, and ``%%latex`` cell magics
176 for writing raw output in notebook cells.
178 for writing raw output in notebook cells.
177 - add a redirect handler and anchors on heading cells, so you can link
179 - add a redirect handler and anchors on heading cells, so you can link
178 across notebooks, directly to heading cells in other notebooks.
180 across notebooks, directly to heading cells in other notebooks.
179 - Images support width and height metadata,
181 - Images support width and height metadata,
180 and thereby 2x scaling (retina support).
182 and thereby 2x scaling (retina support).
181 - ``_repr_foo_`` methods can return a tuple of (data, metadata),
183 - ``_repr_foo_`` methods can return a tuple of (data, metadata),
182 where metadata is a dict containing metadata about the displayed object.
184 where metadata is a dict containing metadata about the displayed object.
183 This is used to set size, etc. for retina graphics. To enable retina matplotlib figures,
185 This is used to set size, etc. for retina graphics. To enable retina matplotlib figures,
184 simply set ``InlineBackend.figure_format = 'retina'`` for 2x PNG figures.
186 simply set ``InlineBackend.figure_format = 'retina'`` for 2x PNG figures.
185 - Add display.FileLink and FileLinks for quickly displaying HTML links to local files.
187 - Add display.FileLink and FileLinks for quickly displaying HTML links to local files.
186 - Cells have metadata, which can be edited via cell toolbars.
188 - Cells have metadata, which can be edited via cell toolbars.
187 This metadata can be used by external code (e.g. reveal.js or exporters),
189 This metadata can be used by external code (e.g. reveal.js or exporters),
188 when examining the notebook.
190 when examining the notebook.
189 - Fix an issue parsing LaTeX in markdown cells, which required users to type ``\\\``,
191 - Fix an issue parsing LaTeX in markdown cells, which required users to type ``\\\``,
190 instead of ``\\``.
192 instead of ``\\``.
191 - Notebook templates are rendered with Jinja instead of Tornado.
193 - Notebook templates are rendered with Jinja instead of Tornado.
192 - ``%%file`` has been renamed ``%%writefile`` (``%%file``) is deprecated.
194 - ``%%file`` has been renamed ``%%writefile`` (``%%file``) is deprecated.
193 - ANSI (and VT100) color parsing has been improved in both performance and
195 - ANSI (and VT100) color parsing has been improved in both performance and
194 supported values.
196 supported values.
195 - The static files path can be found as ``IPython.html.DEFAULT_STATIC_FILES_PATH``,
197 - The static files path can be found as ``IPython.html.DEFAULT_STATIC_FILES_PATH``,
196 which may be changed by package managers.
198 which may be changed by package managers.
197 - The notebook supports :func:`raw_input`, and thus also ``%debug``.
199 - The notebook supports :func:`raw_input`, and thus also ``%debug``.
198 - IPython's CSS is installed in :file:`static/css/style.min.css`
200 - IPython's CSS is installed in :file:`static/css/style.min.css`
199 (all style, including bootstrap), and :file:`static/css/ipython.min.css`,
201 (all style, including bootstrap), and :file:`static/css/ipython.min.css`,
200 which only has IPython's own CSS. The latter file should be useful for embedding
202 which only has IPython's own CSS. The latter file should be useful for embedding
201 IPython notebooks in other pages, blogs, etc.
203 IPython notebooks in other pages, blogs, etc.
204 - The Print View has been removed. Users are encouraged to test :ref:`ipython
205 nbconvert <nbconvert1>` to generate a static view.
202
206
203 Javascript Components
207 Javascript Components
204 *********************
208 *********************
205
209
206 The javascript components used in the notebook have been updated significantly.
210 The javascript components used in the notebook have been updated significantly.
207
211
208 - updates to jQuery (2.0) and jQueryUI (1.10)
212 - updates to jQuery (2.0) and jQueryUI (1.10)
209 - Update CodeMirror to 3.14
213 - Update CodeMirror to 3.14
210 - Twitter Bootstrap (2.3) for layout
214 - Twitter Bootstrap (2.3) for layout
211 - Font-Awesome (3.1) for icons
215 - Font-Awesome (3.1) for icons
212 - highlight.js (7.3) for syntax highlighting
216 - highlight.js (7.3) for syntax highlighting
213 - marked (0.2.8) for markdown rendering
217 - marked (0.2.8) for markdown rendering
214 - require.js (2.1) for loading javascript
218 - require.js (2.1) for loading javascript
215
219
216 Some relevant changes that are results of this:
220 Some relevant changes that are results of this:
217
221
218 - Markdown cells now support GitHub-flavored Markdown (GFM),
222 - Markdown cells now support GitHub-flavored Markdown (GFM),
219 which includes ``\`\`\`python`` code blocks and tables.
223 which includes ``\`\`\`python`` code blocks and tables.
220 - Notebook UI behaves better on more screen sizes.
224 - Notebook UI behaves better on more screen sizes.
221 - Various code cell input issues have been fixed.
225 - Various code cell input issues have been fixed.
222
226
223
227
224 Kernel
228 Kernel
225 ------
229 ------
226
230
227 The kernel code has been substantially reorganized.
231 The kernel code has been substantially reorganized.
228
232
229 New features in the kernel:
233 New features in the kernel:
230
234
231 - Kernels support ZeroMQ IPC transport, not just TCP
235 - Kernels support ZeroMQ IPC transport, not just TCP
232 - The message protocol has added a top-level metadata field,
236 - The message protocol has added a top-level metadata field,
233 used for information about messages.
237 used for information about messages.
234 - Add a `data_pub` message that functions much like `display_pub`,
238 - Add a `data_pub` message that functions much like `display_pub`,
235 but publishes raw (usually pickled) data, rather than representations.
239 but publishes raw (usually pickled) data, rather than representations.
236 - Ensure that ``sys.stdout.encoding`` is defined in Kernels.
240 - Ensure that ``sys.stdout.encoding`` is defined in Kernels.
237 - Stdout from forked subprocesses should be forwarded to frontends (instead of crashing).
241 - Stdout from forked subprocesses should be forwarded to frontends (instead of crashing).
238
242
239 IPEP 13
243 IPEP 13
240 *******
244 *******
241
245
242 The KernelManager has been split into a :class:`~.KernelManager` and a :class:`~.KernelClient`.
246 The KernelManager has been split into a :class:`~.KernelManager` and a :class:`~.KernelClient`.
243 The Manager owns a kernel and starts / signals / restarts it. There is always zero or one
247 The Manager owns a kernel and starts / signals / restarts it. There is always zero or one
244 KernelManager per Kernel. Clients communicate with Kernels via zmq channels,
248 KernelManager per Kernel. Clients communicate with Kernels via zmq channels,
245 and there can be zero-to-many Clients connected to a Kernel at any given time.
249 and there can be zero-to-many Clients connected to a Kernel at any given time.
246
250
247 The KernelManager now automatically restarts the kernel when it dies,
251 The KernelManager now automatically restarts the kernel when it dies,
248 rather than requiring user input at the notebook or QtConsole UI
252 rather than requiring user input at the notebook or QtConsole UI
249 (which may or may not exist at restart time).
253 (which may or may not exist at restart time).
250
254
251 In-process kernels
255 In-process kernels
252 ******************
256 ******************
253
257
254 The Python-language frontends, particularly the Qt console, may now communicate
258 The Python-language frontends, particularly the Qt console, may now communicate
255 with in-process kernels, in addition to the traditional out-of-process
259 with in-process kernels, in addition to the traditional out-of-process
256 kernels. An in-process kernel permits direct access to the kernel namespace,
260 kernels. An in-process kernel permits direct access to the kernel namespace,
257 which is necessary in some applications. It should be understood, however, that
261 which is necessary in some applications. It should be understood, however, that
258 the in-process kernel is not robust to bad user input and will block the main
262 the in-process kernel is not robust to bad user input and will block the main
259 (GUI) thread while executing. Developers must decide on a case-by-case basis
263 (GUI) thread while executing. Developers must decide on a case-by-case basis
260 whether this tradeoff is appropriate for their application.
264 whether this tradeoff is appropriate for their application.
261
265
262
266
263
267
264 Parallel
268 Parallel
265 --------
269 --------
266
270
267 IPython.parallel has had some refactoring as well.
271 IPython.parallel has had some refactoring as well.
268 There are many improvements and fixes, but these are the major changes:
272 There are many improvements and fixes, but these are the major changes:
269
273
270 - Connections have been simplified. All ports and the serialization in use
274 - Connections have been simplified. All ports and the serialization in use
271 are written to the connection file, rather than the initial two-stage system.
275 are written to the connection file, rather than the initial two-stage system.
272 - Serialization has been rewritten, fixing many bugs and dramatically improving
276 - Serialization has been rewritten, fixing many bugs and dramatically improving
273 performance serializing large containers.
277 performance serializing large containers.
274 - Load-balancing scheduler performance with large numbers of tasks has been dramatically improved.
278 - Load-balancing scheduler performance with large numbers of tasks has been dramatically improved.
275 - There should be fewer (hopefully zero) false-positives for engine failures.
279 - There should be fewer (hopefully zero) false-positives for engine failures.
276 - Increased compatibility with various use cases that produced serialization / argument errors
280 - Increased compatibility with various use cases that produced serialization / argument errors
277 with map, etc.
281 with map, etc.
278 - The controller can attempt to resume operation if it has crashed,
282 - The controller can attempt to resume operation if it has crashed,
279 by passing ``ipcontroller --restore``.
283 by passing ``ipcontroller --restore``.
280 - Engines can monitor the Hub heartbeat, and shutdown if the Hub disappears for too long.
284 - Engines can monitor the Hub heartbeat, and shutdown if the Hub disappears for too long.
281 - add HTCondor support in launchers
285 - add HTCondor support in launchers
282
286
283
287
284 QtConsole
288 QtConsole
285 ---------
289 ---------
286
290
287 Various fixes, including improved performance with lots of text output,
291 Various fixes, including improved performance with lots of text output,
288 and better drag and drop support.
292 and better drag and drop support.
289 The initial window size of the qtconsole is now configurable via ``IPythonWidget.width``
293 The initial window size of the qtconsole is now configurable via ``IPythonWidget.width``
290 and ``IPythonWidget.height``.
294 and ``IPythonWidget.height``.
291
295
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