git: skeleton of a new extension to _directly_ operate on git repos

This is based in part of work I did years ago in hgit, but it's mostly
new code since I'm using pygit2 instead of dulwich and the hg storage
interfaces have improved. Some cleanup of old hgit code by Pulkit,
which I greatly appreciate.

test-git-interop.t does not cover a whole lot of cases, but it
passes. It includes status, diff, making a new commit, and `hg annotate`
working on the git repository.

This is _not_ (yet) production quality code: this is an
experiment. Known technical debt lurking in this implementation:

 * Writing bookmarks just totally ignores transactions.
 * The way progress is threaded down into the gitstore is awful.
 * Ideally we'd find a way to incrementally reindex DAGs. I'm not sure
   how to do that efficiently, so we might need a "known only fast-forwards"
   mode on the DAG indexer for use on `hg commit` and friends.
 * We don't even _try_ to do anything reasonable for `hg pull` or `hg push`.
 * Mercurial need an interface for the changelog type.

Tests currently require git 2.24 as far as I'm aware: `git status` has
some changed output that I didn't try and handle in a compatible way.

This patch has produced some interesting cleanups, most recently on
the manifest type. I expect continuing down this road will produce
other meritorious cleanups throughout our code.

Differential Revision: https://phab.mercurial-scm.org/D6734

hgext/git/TODO.md

@@ -0,0 +1,39 b''
+Octopus Merge Support
+=====================
+
+This will be moderately complicated, as we'll need to synthesize phony
+changeset entries to explode the octopus into "revisions" that only
+have two parents each. For today, we can probably just do something like
+
+    aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaXX{20 bytes of exploded node's hex sha}
+
+where XX is a counter (so we could have as many as 255 parents in a
+git commit - more than I think we'd ever see.) That means that we can
+install some check in this extension to disallow checking out or
+otherwise interacting with the `aaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaaa` revisions.
+
+
+Interface Creation
+====================
+
+We at least need an interface definition for `changelog` in core that
+this extension can satisfy, and again for `basicstore`.
+
+
+Reason About Locking
+====================
+
+We should spend some time thinking hard about locking, especially on
+.git/index etc. We're probably adequately locking the _git_
+repository, but may not have enough locking correctness in places
+where hg does locking that git isn't aware of (notably the working
+copy, which I believe Git does not lock.)
+
+Clean up requirements
+=====================
+
+Right now (for historical reasons, mainly) hgext.git uses a
+.hg/this-is-git file to detect repositories that should be treated as
+git. We should look in the .hg/requires for the "git" requirement
+instead (we already set this requirement, so it's mostly keying off
+that instead of using an empty file.)

hgext/git/__init__.py

@@ -0,0 +1,259 b''
+"""grant Mercurial the ability to operate on Git repositories. (EXPERIMENTAL)
+
+This is currently super experimental. It probably will consume your
+firstborn a la Rumpelstiltskin, etc.
+"""
+
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import os
+
+import pygit2
+
+from mercurial.i18n import _
+
+from mercurial import (
+    commands,
+    error,
+    extensions,
+    localrepo,
+    pycompat,
+    store,
+    util,
+)
+
+from . import (
+    dirstate,
+    gitlog,
+    gitutil,
+    index,
+)
+
+
+# TODO: extract an interface for this in core
+class gitstore(object):  # store.basicstore):
+    def __init__(self, path, vfstype):
+        self.vfs = vfstype(path)
+        self.path = self.vfs.base
+        self.createmode = store._calcmode(self.vfs)
+        # above lines should go away in favor of:
+        # super(gitstore, self).__init__(path, vfstype)
+
+        self.git = pygit2.Repository(
+            os.path.normpath(os.path.join(path, b'..', b'.git'))
+        )
+        self._progress_factory = lambda *args, **kwargs: None
+
+    @util.propertycache
+    def _db(self):
+        # We lazy-create the database because we want to thread a
+        # progress callback down to the indexing process if it's
+        # required, and we don't have a ui handle in makestore().
+        return index.get_index(self.git, self._progress_factory)
+
+    def join(self, f):
+        """Fake store.join method for git repositories.
+
+        For the most part, store.join is used for @storecache
+        decorators to invalidate caches when various files
+        change. We'll map the ones we care about, and ignore the rest.
+        """
+        if f in (b'00changelog.i', b'00manifest.i'):
+            # This is close enough: in order for the changelog cache
+            # to be invalidated, HEAD will have to change.
+            return os.path.join(self.path, b'HEAD')
+        elif f == b'lock':
+            # TODO: we probably want to map this to a git lock, I
+            # suspect index.lock. We should figure out what the
+            # most-alike file is in git-land. For now we're risking
+            # bad concurrency errors if another git client is used.
+            return os.path.join(self.path, b'hgit-bogus-lock')
+        elif f in (b'obsstore', b'phaseroots', b'narrowspec', b'bookmarks'):
+            return os.path.join(self.path, b'..', b'.hg', f)
+        raise NotImplementedError(b'Need to pick file for %s.' % f)
+
+    def changelog(self, trypending):
+        # TODO we don't have a plan for trypending in hg's git support yet
+        return gitlog.changelog(self.git, self._db)
+
+    def manifestlog(self, repo, storenarrowmatch):
+        # TODO handle storenarrowmatch and figure out if we need the repo arg
+        return gitlog.manifestlog(self.git, self._db)
+
+    def invalidatecaches(self):
+        pass
+
+    def write(self, tr=None):
+        # normally this handles things like fncache writes, which we don't have
+        pass
+
+
+def _makestore(orig, requirements, storebasepath, vfstype):
+    if os.path.exists(
+        os.path.join(storebasepath, b'this-is-git')
+    ) and os.path.exists(os.path.join(storebasepath, b'..', b'.git')):
+        return gitstore(storebasepath, vfstype)
+    return orig(requirements, storebasepath, vfstype)
+
+
+class gitfilestorage(object):
+    def file(self, path):
+        if path[0:1] == b'/':
+            path = path[1:]
+        return gitlog.filelog(self.store.git, self.store._db, path)
+
+
+def _makefilestorage(orig, requirements, features, **kwargs):
+    store = kwargs['store']
+    if isinstance(store, gitstore):
+        return gitfilestorage
+    return orig(requirements, features, **kwargs)
+
+
+def _setupdothg(ui, path):
+    dothg = os.path.join(path, b'.hg')
+    if os.path.exists(dothg):
+        ui.warn(_(b'git repo already initialized for hg\n'))
+    else:
+        os.mkdir(os.path.join(path, b'.hg'))
+        # TODO is it ok to extend .git/info/exclude like this?
+        with open(
+            os.path.join(path, b'.git', b'info', b'exclude'), 'ab'
+        ) as exclude:
+            exclude.write(b'\n.hg\n')
+    with open(os.path.join(dothg, b'this-is-git'), 'wb') as f:
+        pass
+    with open(os.path.join(dothg, b'requirements'), 'wb') as f:
+        f.write(b'git\n')
+
+
+_BMS_PREFIX = 'refs/heads/'
+
+
+class gitbmstore(object):
+    def __init__(self, gitrepo):
+        self.gitrepo = gitrepo
+
+    def __contains__(self, name):
+        return (
+            _BMS_PREFIX + pycompat.fsdecode(name)
+        ) in self.gitrepo.references
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        for r in self.gitrepo.listall_references():
+            if r.startswith(_BMS_PREFIX):
+                yield pycompat.fsencode(r[len(_BMS_PREFIX) :])
+
+    def __getitem__(self, k):
+        return (
+            self.gitrepo.references[_BMS_PREFIX + pycompat.fsdecode(k)]
+            .peel()
+            .id.raw
+        )
+
+    def get(self, k, default=None):
+        try:
+            if k in self:
+                return self[k]
+            return default
+        except pygit2.InvalidSpecError:
+            return default
+
+    @property
+    def active(self):
+        h = self.gitrepo.references['HEAD']
+        if not isinstance(h.target, str) or not h.target.startswith(
+            _BMS_PREFIX
+        ):
+            return None
+        return pycompat.fsencode(h.target[len(_BMS_PREFIX) :])
+
+    @active.setter
+    def active(self, mark):
+        raise NotImplementedError
+
+    def names(self, node):
+        r = []
+        for ref in self.gitrepo.listall_references():
+            if not ref.startswith(_BMS_PREFIX):
+                continue
+            if self.gitrepo.references[ref].peel().id.raw != node:
+                continue
+            r.append(pycompat.fsencode(ref[len(_BMS_PREFIX) :]))
+        return r
+
+    # Cleanup opportunity: this is *identical* to core's bookmarks store.
+    def expandname(self, bname):
+        if bname == b'.':
+            if self.active:
+                return self.active
+            raise error.RepoLookupError(_(b"no active bookmark"))
+        return bname
+
+    def applychanges(self, repo, tr, changes):
+        """Apply a list of changes to bookmarks
+        """
+        # TODO: this should respect transactions, but that's going to
+        # require enlarging the gitbmstore to know how to do in-memory
+        # temporary writes and read those back prior to transaction
+        # finalization.
+        for name, node in changes:
+            if node is None:
+                self.gitrepo.references.delete(
+                    _BMS_PREFIX + pycompat.fsdecode(name)
+                )
+            else:
+                self.gitrepo.references.create(
+                    _BMS_PREFIX + pycompat.fsdecode(name),
+                    gitutil.togitnode(node),
+                    force=True,
+                )
+
+
+def init(orig, ui, dest=b'.', **opts):
+    if opts.get('git', False):
+        path = os.path.abspath(dest)
+        # TODO: walk up looking for the git repo
+        _setupdothg(ui, path)
+        return 0
+    return orig(ui, dest=dest, **opts)
+
+
+def reposetup(ui, repo):
+    if isinstance(repo.store, gitstore):
+        orig = repo.__class__
+        repo.store._progress_factory = repo.ui.makeprogress
+
+        class gitlocalrepo(orig):
+            def _makedirstate(self):
+                # TODO narrow support here
+                return dirstate.gitdirstate(
+                    self.ui, self.vfs.base, self.store.git
+                )
+
+            def commit(self, *args, **kwargs):
+                ret = orig.commit(self, *args, **kwargs)
+                tid = self.store.git[gitutil.togitnode(ret)].tree.id
+                # DANGER! This will flush any writes staged to the
+                # index in Git, but we're sidestepping the index in a
+                # way that confuses git when we commit. Alas.
+                self.store.git.index.read_tree(tid)
+                self.store.git.index.write()
+                return ret
+
+            @property
+            def _bookmarks(self):
+                return gitbmstore(self.store.git)
+
+        repo.__class__ = gitlocalrepo
+    return repo
+
+
+def extsetup(ui):
+    extensions.wrapfunction(localrepo, b'makestore', _makestore)
+    extensions.wrapfunction(localrepo, b'makefilestorage', _makefilestorage)
+    # Inject --git flag for `hg init`
+    entry = extensions.wrapcommand(commands.table, b'init', init)
+    entry[1].extend(
+        [(b'', b'git', None, b'setup up a git repository instead of hg')]
+    )

hgext/git/dirstate.py

@@ -0,0 +1,295 b''
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import contextlib
+import errno
+import os
+
+import pygit2
+
+from mercurial import (
+    error,
+    extensions,
+    match as matchmod,
+    node as nodemod,
+    pycompat,
+    scmutil,
+    util,
+)
+from mercurial.interfaces import (
+    dirstate as intdirstate,
+    util as interfaceutil,
+)
+
+from . import gitutil
+
+
+def readpatternfile(orig, filepath, warn, sourceinfo=False):
+    if not (b'info/exclude' in filepath or filepath.endswith(b'.gitignore')):
+        return orig(filepath, warn, sourceinfo=False)
+    result = []
+    warnings = []
+    with open(filepath, b'rb') as fp:
+        for l in fp:
+            l = l.strip()
+            if not l or l.startswith(b'#'):
+                continue
+            if l.startswith(b'!'):
+                warnings.append(b'unsupported ignore pattern %s' % l)
+                continue
+            if l.startswith(b'/'):
+                result.append(b'rootglob:' + l[1:])
+            else:
+                result.append(b'relglob:' + l)
+    return result, warnings
+
+
+extensions.wrapfunction(matchmod, b'readpatternfile', readpatternfile)
+
+
+_STATUS_MAP = {
+    pygit2.GIT_STATUS_CONFLICTED: b'm',
+    pygit2.GIT_STATUS_CURRENT: b'n',
+    pygit2.GIT_STATUS_IGNORED: b'?',
+    pygit2.GIT_STATUS_INDEX_DELETED: b'r',
+    pygit2.GIT_STATUS_INDEX_MODIFIED: b'n',
+    pygit2.GIT_STATUS_INDEX_NEW: b'a',
+    pygit2.GIT_STATUS_INDEX_RENAMED: b'a',
+    pygit2.GIT_STATUS_INDEX_TYPECHANGE: b'n',
+    pygit2.GIT_STATUS_WT_DELETED: b'r',
+    pygit2.GIT_STATUS_WT_MODIFIED: b'n',
+    pygit2.GIT_STATUS_WT_NEW: b'?',
+    pygit2.GIT_STATUS_WT_RENAMED: b'a',
+    pygit2.GIT_STATUS_WT_TYPECHANGE: b'n',
+    pygit2.GIT_STATUS_WT_UNREADABLE: b'?',
+    pygit2.GIT_STATUS_INDEX_MODIFIED | pygit2.GIT_STATUS_WT_MODIFIED: 'm',
+}
+
+
[e-mail](intdirstate.idirstate)
+class gitdirstate(object):
+    def __init__(self, ui, root, gitrepo):
+        self._ui = ui
+        self._root = os.path.dirname(root)
+        self.git = gitrepo
+        self._plchangecallbacks = {}
+
+    def p1(self):
+        return self.git.head.peel().id.raw
+
+    def p2(self):
+        # TODO: MERGE_HEAD? something like that, right?
+        return nodemod.nullid
+
+    def setparents(self, p1, p2=nodemod.nullid):
+        assert p2 == nodemod.nullid, b'TODO merging support'
+        self.git.head.set_target(gitutil.togitnode(p1))
+
+    @util.propertycache
+    def identity(self):
+        return util.filestat.frompath(
+            os.path.join(self._root, b'.git', b'index')
+        )
+
+    def branch(self):
+        return b'default'
+
+    def parents(self):
+        # TODO how on earth do we find p2 if a merge is in flight?
+        return self.p1(), nodemod.nullid
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        return (pycompat.fsencode(f.path) for f in self.git.index)
+
+    def items(self):
+        for ie in self.git.index:
+            yield ie.path, None  # value should be a dirstatetuple
+
+    # py2,3 compat forward
+    iteritems = items
+
+    def __getitem__(self, filename):
+        try:
+            gs = self.git.status_file(filename)
+        except KeyError:
+            return b'?'
+        return _STATUS_MAP[gs]
+
+    def __contains__(self, filename):
+        try:
+            gs = self.git.status_file(filename)
+            return _STATUS_MAP[gs] != b'?'
+        except KeyError:
+            return False
+
+    def status(self, match, subrepos, ignored, clean, unknown):
+        # TODO handling of clean files - can we get that from git.status()?
+        modified, added, removed, deleted, unknown, ignored, clean = (
+            [],
+            [],
+            [],
+            [],
+            [],
+            [],
+            [],
+        )
+        gstatus = self.git.status()
+        for path, status in gstatus.items():
+            path = pycompat.fsencode(path)
+            if status == pygit2.GIT_STATUS_IGNORED:
+                if path.endswith(b'/'):
+                    continue
+                ignored.append(path)
+            elif status in (
+                pygit2.GIT_STATUS_WT_MODIFIED,
+                pygit2.GIT_STATUS_INDEX_MODIFIED,
+                pygit2.GIT_STATUS_WT_MODIFIED
+                | pygit2.GIT_STATUS_INDEX_MODIFIED,
+            ):
+                modified.append(path)
+            elif status == pygit2.GIT_STATUS_INDEX_NEW:
+                added.append(path)
+            elif status == pygit2.GIT_STATUS_WT_NEW:
+                unknown.append(path)
+            elif status == pygit2.GIT_STATUS_WT_DELETED:
+                deleted.append(path)
+            elif status == pygit2.GIT_STATUS_INDEX_DELETED:
+                removed.append(path)
+            else:
+                raise error.Abort(
+                    b'unhandled case: status for %r is %r' % (path, status)
+                )
+
+        # TODO are we really always sure of status here?
+        return (
+            False,
+            scmutil.status(
+                modified, added, removed, deleted, unknown, ignored, clean
+            ),
+        )
+
+    def flagfunc(self, buildfallback):
+        # TODO we can do better
+        return buildfallback()
+
+    def getcwd(self):
+        # TODO is this a good way to do this?
+        return os.path.dirname(
+            os.path.dirname(pycompat.fsencode(self.git.path))
+        )
+
+    def normalize(self, path):
+        normed = util.normcase(path)
+        assert normed == path, b"TODO handling of case folding: %s != %s" % (
+            normed,
+            path,
+        )
+        return path
+
+    @property
+    def _checklink(self):
+        return util.checklink(os.path.dirname(pycompat.fsencode(self.git.path)))
+
+    def copies(self):
+        # TODO support copies?
+        return {}
+
+    # # TODO what the heck is this
+    _filecache = set()
+
+    def pendingparentchange(self):
+        # TODO: we need to implement the context manager bits and
+        # correctly stage/revert index edits.
+        return False
+
+    def write(self, tr):
+        # TODO: call parent change callbacks
+
+        if tr:
+
+            def writeinner(category):
+                self.git.index.write()
+
+            tr.addpending(b'gitdirstate', writeinner)
+        else:
+            self.git.index.write()
+
+    def pathto(self, f, cwd=None):
+        if cwd is None:
+            cwd = self.getcwd()
+        # TODO core dirstate does something about slashes here
+        assert isinstance(f, bytes)
+        r = util.pathto(self._root, cwd, f)
+        return r
+
+    def matches(self, match):
+        for x in self.git.index:
+            p = pycompat.fsencode(x.path)
+            if match(p):
+                yield p
+
+    def normal(self, f, parentfiledata=None):
+        """Mark a file normal and clean."""
+        # TODO: for now we just let libgit2 re-stat the file. We can
+        # clearly do better.
+
+    def normallookup(self, f):
+        """Mark a file normal, but possibly dirty."""
+        # TODO: for now we just let libgit2 re-stat the file. We can
+        # clearly do better.
+
+    def walk(self, match, subrepos, unknown, ignored, full=True):
+        # TODO: we need to use .status() and not iterate the index,
+        # because the index doesn't force a re-walk and so `hg add` of
+        # a new file without an intervening call to status will
+        # silently do nothing.
+        r = {}
+        cwd = self.getcwd()
+        for path, status in self.git.status().items():
+            if path.startswith('.hg/'):
+                continue
+            path = pycompat.fsencode(path)
+            if not match(path):
+                continue
+            # TODO construct the stat info from the status object?
+            try:
+                s = os.stat(os.path.join(cwd, path))
+            except OSError as e:
+                if e.errno != errno.ENOENT:
+                    raise
+                continue
+            r[path] = s
+        return r
+
+    def savebackup(self, tr, backupname):
+        # TODO: figure out a strategy for saving index backups.
+        pass
+
+    def restorebackup(self, tr, backupname):
+        # TODO: figure out a strategy for saving index backups.
+        pass
+
+    def add(self, f):
+        self.git.index.add(pycompat.fsdecode(f))
+
+    def drop(self, f):
+        self.git.index.remove(pycompat.fsdecode(f))
+
+    def remove(self, f):
+        self.git.index.remove(pycompat.fsdecode(f))
+
+    def copied(self, path):
+        # TODO: track copies?
+        return None
+
+    @contextlib.contextmanager
+    def parentchange(self):
+        # TODO: track this maybe?
+        yield
+
+    def addparentchangecallback(self, category, callback):
+        # TODO: should this be added to the dirstate interface?
+        self._plchangecallbacks[category] = callback
+
+    def clearbackup(self, tr, backupname):
+        # TODO
+        pass

hgext/git/gitlog.py

@@ -0,0 +1,463 b''
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import pygit2
+
+from mercurial.i18n import _
+
+from mercurial import (
+    ancestor,
+    changelog as hgchangelog,
+    dagop,
+    encoding,
+    error,
+    manifest,
+    node as nodemod,
+    pycompat,
+)
+from mercurial.interfaces import (
+    repository,
+    util as interfaceutil,
+)
+from mercurial.utils import stringutil
+from . import (
+    gitutil,
+    index,
+    manifest as gitmanifest,
+)
+
+
+class baselog(object):  # revlog.revlog):
+    """Common implementations between changelog and manifestlog."""
+
+    def __init__(self, gr, db):
+        self.gitrepo = gr
+        self._db = db
+
+    def __len__(self):
+        return int(
+            self._db.execute('SELECT COUNT(*) FROM changelog').fetchone()[0]
+        )
+
+    def rev(self, n):
+        if n == nodemod.nullid:
+            return -1
+        t = self._db.execute(
+            'SELECT rev FROM changelog WHERE node = ?', (gitutil.togitnode(n),)
+        ).fetchone()
+        if t is None:
+            raise error.LookupError(n, b'00changelog.i', _(b'no node %d'))
+        return t[0]
+
+    def node(self, r):
+        if r == nodemod.nullrev:
+            return nodemod.nullid
+        t = self._db.execute(
+            'SELECT node FROM changelog WHERE rev = ?', (r,)
+        ).fetchone()
+        if t is None:
+            raise error.LookupError(r, b'00changelog.i', _(b'no node'))
+        return nodemod.bin(t[0])
+
+    def hasnode(self, n):
+        t = self._db.execute(
+            'SELECT node FROM changelog WHERE node = ?', (n,)
+        ).fetchone()
+        return t is not None
+
+
+class baselogindex(object):
+    def __init__(self, log):
+        self._log = log
+
+    def has_node(self, n):
+        return self._log.rev(n) != -1
+
+    def __len__(self):
+        return len(self._log)
+
+    def __getitem__(self, idx):
+        p1rev, p2rev = self._log.parentrevs(idx)
+        # TODO: it's messy that the index leaks so far out of the
+        # storage layer that we have to implement things like reading
+        # this raw tuple, which exposes revlog internals.
+        return (
+            # Pretend offset is just the index, since we don't really care.
+            idx,
+            # Same with lengths
+            idx,  # length
+            idx,  # rawsize
+            -1,  # delta base
+            idx,  # linkrev TODO is this right?
+            p1rev,
+            p2rev,
+            self._log.node(idx),
+        )
+
+
+# TODO: an interface for the changelog type?
+class changelog(baselog):
+    def __contains__(self, rev):
+        try:
+            self.node(rev)
+            return True
+        except error.LookupError:
+            return False
+
+    @property
+    def filteredrevs(self):
+        # TODO: we should probably add a refs/hg/ namespace for hidden
+        # heads etc, but that's an idea for later.
+        return set()
+
+    @property
+    def index(self):
+        return baselogindex(self)
+
+    @property
+    def nodemap(self):
+        r = {
+            nodemod.bin(v[0]): v[1]
+            for v in self._db.execute('SELECT node, rev FROM changelog')
+        }
+        r[nodemod.nullid] = nodemod.nullrev
+        return r
+
+    def tip(self):
+        t = self._db.execute(
+            'SELECT node FROM changelog ORDER BY rev DESC LIMIT 1'
+        ).fetchone()
+        if t:
+            return nodemod.bin(t[0])
+        return nodemod.nullid
+
+    def revs(self, start=0, stop=None):
+        if stop is None:
+            stop = self.tip()
+        t = self._db.execute(
+            'SELECT rev FROM changelog '
+            'WHERE rev >= ? AND rev <= ? '
+            'ORDER BY REV ASC',
+            (start, stop),
+        )
+        return (int(r[0]) for r in t)
+
+    def _partialmatch(self, id):
+        if nodemod.wdirhex.startswith(id):
+            raise error.WdirUnsupported
+        candidates = [
+            nodemod.bin(x[0])
+            for x in self._db.execute(
+                'SELECT node FROM changelog WHERE node LIKE ?', (id + b'%',)
+            )
+        ]
+        if nodemod.nullhex.startswith(id):
+            candidates.append(nodemod.nullid)
+        if len(candidates) > 1:
+            raise error.AmbiguousPrefixLookupError(
+                id, b'00changelog.i', _(b'ambiguous identifier')
+            )
+        if candidates:
+            return candidates[0]
+        return None
+
+    def flags(self, rev):
+        return 0
+
+    def shortest(self, node, minlength=1):
+        nodehex = nodemod.hex(node)
+        for attempt in pycompat.xrange(minlength, len(nodehex) + 1):
+            candidate = nodehex[:attempt]
+            matches = int(
+                self._db.execute(
+                    'SELECT COUNT(*) FROM changelog WHERE node LIKE ?',
+                    (pycompat.sysstr(nodehex + b'%'),),
+                ).fetchone()[0]
+            )
+            if matches == 1:
+                return candidate
+        return nodehex
+
+    def headrevs(self, revs=None):
+        realheads = [
+            int(x[0])
+            for x in self._db.execute(
+                'SELECT rev FROM changelog '
+                'INNER JOIN heads ON changelog.node = heads.node'
+            )
+        ]
+        if revs:
+            return sorted([r for r in revs if r in realheads])
+        return sorted(realheads)
+
+    def changelogrevision(self, nodeorrev):
+        # Ensure we have a node id
+        if isinstance(nodeorrev, int):
+            n = self.node(nodeorrev)
+        else:
+            n = nodeorrev
+        # handle looking up nullid
+        if n == nodemod.nullid:
+            return hgchangelog._changelogrevision(extra={})
+        hn = gitutil.togitnode(n)
+        # We've got a real commit!
+        files = [
+            r[0]
+            for r in self._db.execute(
+                'SELECT filename FROM changedfiles '
+                'WHERE node = ? and filenode != ?',
+                (hn, gitutil.nullgit),
+            )
+        ]
+        filesremoved = [
+            r[0]
+            for r in self._db.execute(
+                'SELECT filename FROM changedfiles '
+                'WHERE node = ? and filenode = ?',
+                (hn, nodemod.nullhex),
+            )
+        ]
+        c = self.gitrepo[hn]
+        return hgchangelog._changelogrevision(
+            manifest=n,  # pretend manifest the same as the commit node
+            user=b'%s <%s>'
+            % (c.author.name.encode('utf8'), c.author.email.encode('utf8')),
+            date=(c.author.time, -c.author.offset * 60),
+            files=files,
+            # TODO filesadded in the index
+            filesremoved=filesremoved,
+            description=c.message.encode('utf8'),
+            # TODO do we want to handle extra? how?
+            extra={b'branch': b'default'},
+        )
+
+    def ancestors(self, revs, stoprev=0, inclusive=False):
+        revs = list(revs)
+        tip = self.rev(self.tip())
+        for r in revs:
+            if r > tip:
+                raise IndexError(b'Invalid rev %r' % r)
+        return ancestor.lazyancestors(
+            self.parentrevs, revs, stoprev=stoprev, inclusive=inclusive
+        )
+
+    # Cleanup opportunity: this is *identical* to the revlog.py version
+    def descendants(self, revs):
+        return dagop.descendantrevs(revs, self.revs, self.parentrevs)
+
+    def reachableroots(self, minroot, heads, roots, includepath=False):
+        return dagop._reachablerootspure(
+            self.parentrevs, minroot, roots, heads, includepath
+        )
+
+    # Cleanup opportunity: this is *identical* to the revlog.py version
+    def isancestor(self, a, b):
+        a, b = self.rev(a), self.rev(b)
+        return self.isancestorrev(a, b)
+
+    # Cleanup opportunity: this is *identical* to the revlog.py version
+    def isancestorrev(self, a, b):
+        if a == nodemod.nullrev:
+            return True
+        elif a == b:
+            return True
+        elif a > b:
+            return False
+        return bool(self.reachableroots(a, [b], [a], includepath=False))
+
+    def parentrevs(self, rev):
+        n = self.node(rev)
+        hn = gitutil.togitnode(n)
+        c = self.gitrepo[hn]
+        p1 = p2 = nodemod.nullrev
+        if c.parents:
+            p1 = self.rev(c.parents[0].id.raw)
+            if len(c.parents) > 2:
+                raise error.Abort(b'TODO octopus merge handling')
+            if len(c.parents) == 2:
+                p2 = self.rev(c.parents[0].id.raw)
+        return p1, p2
+
+    # Private method is used at least by the tags code.
+    _uncheckedparentrevs = parentrevs
+
+    def commonancestorsheads(self, a, b):
+        # TODO the revlog verson of this has a C path, so we probably
+        # need to optimize this...
+        a, b = self.rev(a), self.rev(b)
+        return [
+            self.node(n)
+            for n in ancestor.commonancestorsheads(self.parentrevs, a, b)
+        ]
+
+    def branchinfo(self, rev):
+        """Git doesn't do named branches, so just put everything on default."""
+        return b'default', False
+
+    def delayupdate(self, tr):
+        # TODO: I think we can elide this because we're just dropping
+        # an object in the git repo?
+        pass
+
+    def add(
+        self,
+        manifest,
+        files,
+        desc,
+        transaction,
+        p1,
+        p2,
+        user,
+        date=None,
+        extra=None,
+        p1copies=None,
+        p2copies=None,
+        filesadded=None,
+        filesremoved=None,
+    ):
+        parents = []
+        hp1, hp2 = gitutil.togitnode(p1), gitutil.togitnode(p2)
+        if p1 != nodemod.nullid:
+            parents.append(hp1)
+        if p2 and p2 != nodemod.nullid:
+            parents.append(hp2)
+        assert date is not None
+        timestamp, tz = date
+        sig = pygit2.Signature(
+            encoding.unifromlocal(stringutil.person(user)),
+            encoding.unifromlocal(stringutil.email(user)),
+            timestamp,
+            -(tz // 60),
+        )
+        oid = self.gitrepo.create_commit(
+            None, sig, sig, desc, gitutil.togitnode(manifest), parents
+        )
+        # Set up an internal reference to force the commit into the
+        # changelog. Hypothetically, we could even use this refs/hg/
+        # namespace to allow for anonymous heads on git repos, which
+        # would be neat.
+        self.gitrepo.references.create(
+            'refs/hg/internal/latest-commit', oid, force=True
+        )
+        # Reindex now to pick up changes. We omit the progress
+        # callback because this will be very quick.
+        index._index_repo(self.gitrepo, self._db)
+        return oid.raw
+
+
+class manifestlog(baselog):
+    def __getitem__(self, node):
+        return self.get(b'', node)
+
+    def get(self, relpath, node):
+        if node == nodemod.nullid:
+            # TODO: this should almost certainly be a memgittreemanifestctx
+            return manifest.memtreemanifestctx(self, relpath)
+        commit = self.gitrepo[gitutil.togitnode(node)]
+        t = commit.tree
+        if relpath:
+            parts = relpath.split(b'/')
+            for p in parts:
+                te = t[p]
+                t = self.gitrepo[te.id]
+        return gitmanifest.gittreemanifestctx(self.gitrepo, t)
+
+
[e-mail](repository.ifilestorage)
+class filelog(baselog):
+    def __init__(self, gr, db, path):
+        super(filelog, self).__init__(gr, db)
+        assert isinstance(path, bytes)
+        self.path = path
+
+    def read(self, node):
+        if node == nodemod.nullid:
+            return b''
+        return self.gitrepo[gitutil.togitnode(node)].data
+
+    def lookup(self, node):
+        if len(node) not in (20, 40):
+            node = int(node)
+        if isinstance(node, int):
+            assert False, b'todo revnums for nodes'
+        if len(node) == 40:
+            node = nodemod.bin(node)
+        hnode = gitutil.togitnode(node)
+        if hnode in self.gitrepo:
+            return node
+        raise error.LookupError(self.path, node, _(b'no match found'))
+
+    def cmp(self, node, text):
+        """Returns True if text is different than content at `node`."""
+        return self.read(node) != text
+
+    def add(self, text, meta, transaction, link, p1=None, p2=None):
+        assert not meta  # Should we even try to handle this?
+        return self.gitrepo.create_blob(text).raw
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        for clrev in self._db.execute(
+            '''
+SELECT rev FROM changelog
+INNER JOIN changedfiles ON changelog.node = changedfiles.node
+WHERE changedfiles.filename = ? AND changedfiles.filenode != ?
+        ''',
+            (pycompat.fsdecode(self.path), gitutil.nullgit),
+        ):
+            yield clrev[0]
+
+    def linkrev(self, fr):
+        return fr
+
+    def rev(self, node):
+        row = self._db.execute(
+            '''
+SELECT rev FROM changelog
+INNER JOIN changedfiles ON changelog.node = changedfiles.node
+WHERE changedfiles.filename = ? AND changedfiles.filenode = ?''',
+            (pycompat.fsdecode(self.path), gitutil.togitnode(node)),
+        ).fetchone()
+        if row is None:
+            raise error.LookupError(self.path, node, _(b'no such node'))
+        return int(row[0])
+
+    def node(self, rev):
+        maybe = self._db.execute(
+            '''SELECT filenode FROM changedfiles
+INNER JOIN changelog ON changelog.node = changedfiles.node
+WHERE changelog.rev = ? AND filename = ?
+''',
+            (rev, pycompat.fsdecode(self.path)),
+        ).fetchone()
+        if maybe is None:
+            raise IndexError('gitlog %r out of range %d' % (self.path, rev))
+        return nodemod.bin(maybe[0])
+
+    def parents(self, node):
+        gn = gitutil.togitnode(node)
+        gp = pycompat.fsdecode(self.path)
+        ps = []
+        for p in self._db.execute(
+            '''SELECT p1filenode, p2filenode FROM changedfiles
+WHERE filenode = ? AND filename = ?
+''',
+            (gn, gp),
+        ).fetchone():
+            if p is None:
+                commit = self._db.execute(
+                    "SELECT node FROM changedfiles "
+                    "WHERE filenode = ? AND filename = ?",
+                    (gn, gp),
+                ).fetchone()[0]
+                # This filelog is missing some data. Build the
+                # filelog, then recurse (which will always find data).
+                if pycompat.ispy3:
+                    commit = commit.decode('ascii')
+                index.fill_in_filelog(self.gitrepo, self._db, commit, gp, gn)
+                return self.parents(node)
+            else:
+                ps.append(nodemod.bin(p))
+        return ps
+
+    def renamed(self, node):
+        # TODO: renames/copies
+        return False

hgext/git/gitutil.py

@@ -0,0 +1,26 b''
+"""utilities to assist in working with pygit2"""
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+from mercurial.node import bin, hex, nullid
+
+from mercurial import pycompat
+
+
+def togitnode(n):
+    """Wrapper to convert a Mercurial binary node to a unicode hexlified node.
+
+    pygit2 and sqlite both need nodes as strings, not bytes.
+    """
+    assert len(n) == 20
+    return pycompat.sysstr(hex(n))
+
+
+def fromgitnode(n):
+    """Opposite of togitnode."""
+    assert len(n) == 40
+    if pycompat.ispy3:
+        return bin(n.encode('ascii'))
+    return bin(n)
+
+
+nullgit = togitnode(nullid)

hgext/git/index.py

@@ -0,0 +1,346 b''
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import collections
+import os
+import sqlite3
+
+import pygit2
+
+from mercurial.i18n import _
+
+from mercurial import (
+    encoding,
+    error,
+    node as nodemod,
+    pycompat,
+)
+
+from . import gitutil
+
+
+_CURRENT_SCHEMA_VERSION = 1
+_SCHEMA = (
+    """
+CREATE TABLE refs (
+  -- node and name are unique together. There may be more than one name for
+  -- a given node, and there may be no name at all for a given node (in the
+  -- case of an anonymous hg head).
+  node TEXT NOT NULL,
+  name TEXT
+);
+
+-- The "possible heads" of the repository, which we use to figure out
+-- if we need to re-walk the changelog.
+CREATE TABLE possible_heads (
+  node TEXT NOT NULL
+);
+
+-- The topological heads of the changelog, which hg depends on.
+CREATE TABLE heads (
+  node TEXT NOT NULL
+);
+
+-- A total ordering of the changelog
+CREATE TABLE changelog (
+  rev INTEGER NOT NULL PRIMARY KEY,
+  node TEXT NOT NULL,
+  p1 TEXT,
+  p2 TEXT
+);
+
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX changelog_node_idx ON changelog(node);
+CREATE UNIQUE INDEX changelog_node_rev_idx ON changelog(rev, node);
+
+-- Changed files for each commit, which lets us dynamically build
+-- filelogs.
+CREATE TABLE changedfiles (
+  node TEXT NOT NULL,
+  filename TEXT NOT NULL,
+  -- 40 zeroes for deletions
+  filenode TEXT NOT NULL,
+-- to handle filelog parentage:
+  p1node TEXT,
+  p1filenode TEXT,
+  p2node TEXT,
+  p2filenode TEXT
+);
+
+CREATE INDEX changedfiles_nodes_idx
+  ON changedfiles(node);
+
+PRAGMA user_version=%d
+"""
+    % _CURRENT_SCHEMA_VERSION
+)
+
+
+def _createdb(path):
+    # print('open db', path)
+    # import traceback
+    # traceback.print_stack()
+    db = sqlite3.connect(encoding.strfromlocal(path))
+    db.text_factory = bytes
+
+    res = db.execute('PRAGMA user_version').fetchone()[0]
+
+    # New database.
+    if res == 0:
+        for statement in _SCHEMA.split(';'):
+            db.execute(statement.strip())
+
+        db.commit()
+
+    elif res == _CURRENT_SCHEMA_VERSION:
+        pass
+
+    else:
+        raise error.Abort(_(b'sqlite database has unrecognized version'))
+
+    db.execute('PRAGMA journal_mode=WAL')
+
+    return db
+
+
+_OUR_ORDER = (
+    pygit2.GIT_SORT_TOPOLOGICAL | pygit2.GIT_SORT_TIME | pygit2.GIT_SORT_REVERSE
+)
+
+_DIFF_FLAGS = 1 << 21  # GIT_DIFF_FORCE_BINARY, which isn't exposed by pygit2
+
+
+def _find_nearest_ancestor_introducing_node(
+    db, gitrepo, file_path, walk_start, filenode
+):
+    """Find the nearest ancestor that introduces a file node.
+
+    Args:
+      db: a handle to our sqlite database.
+      gitrepo: A pygit2.Repository instance.
+      file_path: the path of a file in the repo
+      walk_start: a pygit2.Oid that is a commit where we should start walking
+                  for our nearest ancestor.
+
+    Returns:
+      A hexlified SHA that is the commit ID of the next-nearest parent.
+    """
+    assert isinstance(file_path, str), 'file_path must be str, got %r' % type(
+        file_path
+    )
+    assert isinstance(filenode, str), 'filenode must be str, got %r' % type(
+        filenode
+    )
+    parent_options = {
+        row[0].decode('ascii')
+        for row in db.execute(
+            'SELECT node FROM changedfiles '
+            'WHERE filename = ? AND filenode = ?',
+            (file_path, filenode),
+        )
+    }
+    inner_walker = gitrepo.walk(walk_start, _OUR_ORDER)
+    for w in inner_walker:
+        if w.id.hex in parent_options:
+            return w.id.hex
+    raise error.ProgrammingError(
+        'Unable to find introducing commit for %s node %s from %s',
+        (file_path, filenode, walk_start),
+    )
+
+
+def fill_in_filelog(gitrepo, db, startcommit, path, startfilenode):
+    """Given a starting commit and path, fill in a filelog's parent pointers.
+
+    Args:
+      gitrepo: a pygit2.Repository
+      db: a handle to our sqlite database
+      startcommit: a hexlified node id for the commit to start at
+      path: the path of the file whose parent pointers we should fill in.
+      filenode: the hexlified node id of the file at startcommit
+
+    TODO: make filenode optional
+    """
+    assert isinstance(
+        startcommit, str
+    ), 'startcommit must be str, got %r' % type(startcommit)
+    assert isinstance(
+        startfilenode, str
+    ), 'startfilenode must be str, got %r' % type(startfilenode)
+    visit = collections.deque([(startcommit, startfilenode)])
+    while visit:
+        cnode, filenode = visit.popleft()
+        commit = gitrepo[cnode]
+        parents = []
+        for parent in commit.parents:
+            t = parent.tree
+            for comp in path.split('/'):
+                try:
+                    t = gitrepo[t[comp].id]
+                except KeyError:
+                    break
+            else:
+                introducer = _find_nearest_ancestor_introducing_node(
+                    db, gitrepo, path, parent.id, t.id.hex
+                )
+                parents.append((introducer, t.id.hex))
+        p1node = p1fnode = p2node = p2fnode = gitutil.nullgit
+        for par, parfnode in parents:
+            found = int(
+                db.execute(
+                    'SELECT COUNT(*) FROM changedfiles WHERE '
+                    'node = ? AND filename = ? AND filenode = ? AND '
+                    'p1node NOT NULL',
+                    (par, path, parfnode),
+                ).fetchone()[0]
+            )
+            if found == 0:
+                assert par is not None
+                visit.append((par, parfnode))
+        if parents:
+            p1node, p1fnode = parents[0]
+        if len(parents) == 2:
+            p2node, p2fnode = parents[1]
+        if len(parents) > 2:
+            raise error.ProgrammingError(
+                b"git support can't handle octopus merges"
+            )
+        db.execute(
+            'UPDATE changedfiles SET '
+            'p1node = ?, p1filenode = ?, p2node = ?, p2filenode = ? '
+            'WHERE node = ? AND filename = ? AND filenode = ?',
+            (p1node, p1fnode, p2node, p2fnode, commit.id.hex, path, filenode),
+        )
+    db.commit()
+
+
+def _index_repo(gitrepo, db, progress_factory=lambda *args, **kwargs: None):
+    # Identify all references so we can tell the walker to visit all of them.
+    all_refs = gitrepo.listall_references()
+    possible_heads = set()
+    prog = progress_factory(b'refs')
+    for pos, ref in enumerate(all_refs):
+        if prog is not None:
+            prog.update(pos)
+        if not (
+            ref.startswith('refs/heads/')  # local branch
+            or ref.startswith('refs/tags/')  # tag
+            or ref.startswith('refs/remotes/')  # remote branch
+            or ref.startswith('refs/hg/')  # from this extension
+        ):
+            continue
+        try:
+            start = gitrepo.lookup_reference(ref).peel(pygit2.GIT_OBJ_COMMIT)
+        except ValueError:
+            # No commit to be found, so we don't care for hg's purposes.
+            continue
+        possible_heads.add(start.id)
+    # Optimization: if the list of heads hasn't changed, don't
+    # reindex, the changelog. This doesn't matter on small
+    # repositories, but on even moderately deep histories (eg cpython)
+    # this is a very important performance win.
+    #
+    # TODO: we should figure out how to incrementally index history
+    # (preferably by detecting rewinds!) so that we don't have to do a
+    # full changelog walk every time a new commit is created.
+    cache_heads = {x[0] for x in db.execute('SELECT node FROM possible_heads')}
+    walker = None
+    cur_cache_heads = {h.hex for h in possible_heads}
+    if cur_cache_heads == cache_heads:
+        return
+    for start in possible_heads:
+        if walker is None:
+            walker = gitrepo.walk(start, _OUR_ORDER)
+        else:
+            walker.push(start)
+
+    # Empty out the existing changelog. Even for large-ish histories
+    # we can do the top-level "walk all the commits" dance very
+    # quickly as long as we don't need to figure out the changed files
+    # list.
+    db.execute('DELETE FROM changelog')
+    if prog is not None:
+        prog.complete()
+    prog = progress_factory(b'commits')
+    # This walker is sure to visit all the revisions in history, but
+    # only once.
+    for pos, commit in enumerate(walker):
+        if prog is not None:
+            prog.update(pos)
+        p1 = p2 = nodemod.nullhex
+        if len(commit.parents) > 2:
+            raise error.ProgrammingError(
+                (
+                    b"git support can't handle octopus merges, "
+                    b"found a commit with %d parents :("
+                )
+                % len(commit.parents)
+            )
+        if commit.parents:
+            p1 = commit.parents[0].id.hex
+        if len(commit.parents) == 2:
+            p2 = commit.parents[1].id.hex
+        db.execute(
+            'INSERT INTO changelog (rev, node, p1, p2) VALUES(?, ?, ?, ?)',
+            (pos, commit.id.hex, p1, p2),
+        )
+
+        num_changedfiles = db.execute(
+            "SELECT COUNT(*) from changedfiles WHERE node = ?",
+            (commit.id.hex,),
+        ).fetchone()[0]
+        if not num_changedfiles:
+            files = {}
+            # I *think* we only need to check p1 for changed files
+            # (and therefore linkrevs), because any node that would
+            # actually have this commit as a linkrev would be
+            # completely new in this rev.
+            p1 = commit.parents[0].id.hex if commit.parents else None
+            if p1 is not None:
+                patchgen = gitrepo.diff(p1, commit.id.hex, flags=_DIFF_FLAGS)
+            else:
+                patchgen = commit.tree.diff_to_tree(
+                    swap=True, flags=_DIFF_FLAGS
+                )
+            new_files = (p.delta.new_file for p in patchgen)
+            files = {
+                nf.path: nf.id.hex
+                for nf in new_files
+                if nf.id.raw != nodemod.nullid
+            }
+            for p, n in files.items():
+                # We intentionally set NULLs for any file parentage
+                # information so it'll get demand-computed later. We
+                # used to do it right here, and it was _very_ slow.
+                db.execute(
+                    'INSERT INTO changedfiles ('
+                    'node, filename, filenode, p1node, p1filenode, p2node, '
+                    'p2filenode) VALUES(?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)',
+                    (commit.id.hex, p, n, None, None, None, None),
+                )
+    db.execute('DELETE FROM heads')
+    db.execute('DELETE FROM possible_heads')
+    for hid in possible_heads:
+        h = hid.hex
+        db.execute('INSERT INTO possible_heads (node) VALUES(?)', (h,))
+        haschild = db.execute(
+            'SELECT COUNT(*) FROM changelog WHERE p1 = ? OR p2 = ?', (h, h)
+        ).fetchone()[0]
+        if not haschild:
+            db.execute('INSERT INTO heads (node) VALUES(?)', (h,))
+
+    db.commit()
+    if prog is not None:
+        prog.complete()
+
+
+def get_index(gitrepo, progress_factory=lambda *args, **kwargs: None):
+    cachepath = os.path.join(
+        pycompat.fsencode(gitrepo.path), b'..', b'.hg', b'cache'
+    )
+    if not os.path.exists(cachepath):
+        os.makedirs(cachepath)
+    dbpath = os.path.join(cachepath, b'git-commits.sqlite')
+    db = _createdb(dbpath)
+    # TODO check against gitrepo heads before doing a full index
+    # TODO thread a ui.progress call into this layer
+    _index_repo(gitrepo, db, progress_factory)
+    return db

hgext/git/manifest.py

@@ -0,0 +1,293 b''
+from __future__ import absolute_import
+
+import pygit2
+
+from mercurial import (
+    match as matchmod,
+    pathutil,
+    pycompat,
+    util,
+)
+from mercurial.interfaces import (
+    repository,
+    util as interfaceutil,
+)
+from . import gitutil
+
+
[e-mail](repository.imanifestdict)
+class gittreemanifest(object):
+    """Expose git trees (and optionally a builder's overlay) as a manifestdict.
+
+    Very similar to mercurial.manifest.treemanifest.
+    """
+
+    def __init__(self, git_repo, root_tree, pending_changes):
+        """Initializer.
+
+        Args:
+          git_repo: The git_repo we're walking (required to look up child
+              trees).
+          root_tree: The root Git tree object for this manifest.
+          pending_changes: A dict in which pending changes will be
+              tracked. The enclosing memgittreemanifestctx will use this to
+              construct any required Tree objects in Git during it's
+              `write()` method.
+        """
+        self._git_repo = git_repo
+        self._tree = root_tree
+        if pending_changes is None:
+            pending_changes = {}
+        # dict of path: Optional[Tuple(node, flags)]
+        self._pending_changes = pending_changes
+
+    def _resolve_entry(self, path):
+        """Given a path, load its node and flags, or raise KeyError if missing.
+
+        This takes into account any pending writes in the builder.
+        """
+        upath = pycompat.fsdecode(path)
+        ent = None
+        if path in self._pending_changes:
+            val = self._pending_changes[path]
+            if val is None:
+                raise KeyError
+            return val
+        t = self._tree
+        comps = upath.split('/')
+        for comp in comps[:-1]:
+            te = self._tree[comp]
+            t = self._git_repo[te.id]
+        ent = t[comps[-1]]
+        if ent.filemode == pygit2.GIT_FILEMODE_BLOB:
+            flags = b''
+        elif ent.filemode == pygit2.GIT_FILEMODE_BLOB_EXECUTABLE:
+            flags = b'x'
+        elif ent.filemode == pygit2.GIT_FILEMODE_LINK:
+            flags = b'l'
+        else:
+            raise ValueError('unsupported mode %s' % oct(ent.filemode))
+        return ent.id.raw, flags
+
+    def __getitem__(self, path):
+        return self._resolve_entry(path)[0]
+
+    def find(self, path):
+        return self._resolve_entry(path)
+
+    def __len__(self):
+        return len(list(self.walk(matchmod.always())))
+
+    def __nonzero__(self):
+        try:
+            next(iter(self))
+            return True
+        except StopIteration:
+            return False
+
+    __bool__ = __nonzero__
+
+    def __contains__(self, path):
+        try:
+            self._resolve_entry(path)
+            return True
+        except KeyError:
+            return False
+
+    def iterkeys(self):
+        return self.walk(matchmod.always())
+
+    def keys(self):
+        return list(self.iterkeys())
+
+    def __iter__(self):
+        return self.iterkeys()
+
+    def __setitem__(self, path, node):
+        self._pending_changes[path] = node, self.flags(path)
+
+    def __delitem__(self, path):
+        # TODO: should probably KeyError for already-deleted  files?
+        self._pending_changes[path] = None
+
+    def filesnotin(self, other, match=None):
+        if match is not None:
+            match = matchmod.badmatch(match, lambda path, msg: None)
+            sm2 = set(other.walk(match))
+            return {f for f in self.walk(match) if f not in sm2}
+        return {f for f in self if f not in other}
+
+    @util.propertycache
+    def _dirs(self):
+        return pathutil.dirs(self)
+
+    def hasdir(self, dir):
+        return dir in self._dirs
+
+    def diff(self, other, match=None, clean=False):
+        # TODO
+        assert False
+
+    def setflag(self, path, flag):
+        node, unused_flag = self._resolve_entry(path)
+        self._pending_changes[path] = node, flag
+
+    def get(self, path, default=None):
+        try:
+            return self._resolve_entry(path)[0]
+        except KeyError:
+            return default
+
+    def flags(self, path):
+        try:
+            return self._resolve_entry(path)[1]
+        except KeyError:
+            return b''
+
+    def copy(self):
+        pass
+
+    def items(self):
+        for f in self:
+            # TODO: build a proper iterator version of this
+            yield self[f]
+
+    def iteritems(self):
+        return self.items()
+
+    def iterentries(self):
+        for f in self:
+            # TODO: build a proper iterator version of this
+            yield self._resolve_entry(f)
+
+    def text(self):
+        assert False  # TODO can this method move out of the manifest iface?
+
+    def _walkonetree(self, tree, match, subdir):
+        for te in tree:
+            # TODO: can we prune dir walks with the matcher?
+            realname = subdir + pycompat.fsencode(te.name)
+            if te.type == r'tree':
+                for inner in self._walkonetree(
+                    self._git_repo[te.id], match, realname + b'/'
+                ):
+                    yield inner
+            if not match(realname):
+                continue
+            yield pycompat.fsencode(realname)
+
+    def walk(self, match):
+        # TODO: this is a very lazy way to merge in the pending
+        # changes. There is absolutely room for optimization here by
+        # being clever about walking over the sets...
+        baseline = set(self._walkonetree(self._tree, match, b''))
+        deleted = {p for p, v in self._pending_changes.items() if v is None}
+        pend = {p for p in self._pending_changes if match(p)}
+        return iter(sorted((baseline | pend) - deleted))
+
+
[e-mail](repository.imanifestrevisionstored)
+class gittreemanifestctx(object):
+    def __init__(self, repo, gittree):
+        self._repo = repo
+        self._tree = gittree
+
+    def read(self):
+        return gittreemanifest(self._repo, self._tree, None)
+
+    def copy(self):
+        # NB: it's important that we return a memgittreemanifestctx
+        # because the caller expects a mutable manifest.
+        return memgittreemanifestctx(self._repo, self._tree)
+
+    def find(self, path):
+        self.read()[path]
+
+
[e-mail](repository.imanifestrevisionwritable)
+class memgittreemanifestctx(object):
+    def __init__(self, repo, tree):
+        self._repo = repo
+        self._tree = tree
+        # dict of path: Optional[Tuple(node, flags)]
+        self._pending_changes = {}
+
+    def read(self):
+        return gittreemanifest(self._repo, self._tree, self._pending_changes)
+
+    def copy(self):
+        # TODO: if we have a builder in play, what should happen here?
+        # Maybe we can shuffle copy() into the immutable interface.
+        return memgittreemanifestctx(self._repo, self._tree)
+
+    def write(self, transaction, link, p1, p2, added, removed, match=None):
+        # We're not (for now, anyway) going to audit filenames, so we
+        # can ignore added and removed.
+
+        # TODO what does this match argument get used for? hopefully
+        # just narrow?
+        assert not match or isinstance(match, matchmod.alwaysmatcher)
+
+        touched_dirs = pathutil.dirs(self._pending_changes)
+        trees = {
+            b'': self._tree,
+        }
+        # path: treebuilder
+        builders = {
+            b'': self._repo.TreeBuilder(self._tree),
+        }
+        # get a TreeBuilder for every tree in the touched_dirs set
+        for d in sorted(touched_dirs, key=lambda x: (len(x), x)):
+            if d == b'':
+                # loaded root tree above
+                continue
+            comps = d.split(b'/')
+            full = b''
+            for part in comps:
+                parent = trees[full]
+                try:
+                    new = self._repo[parent[pycompat.fsdecode(part)]]
+                except KeyError:
+                    # new directory
+                    new = None
+                full += b'/' + part
+                if new is not None:
+                    # existing directory
+                    trees[full] = new
+                    builders[full] = self._repo.TreeBuilder(new)
+                else:
+                    # new directory, use an empty dict to easily
+                    # generate KeyError as any nested new dirs get
+                    # created.
+                    trees[full] = {}
+                    builders[full] = self._repo.TreeBuilder()
+        for f, info in self._pending_changes.items():
+            if b'/' not in f:
+                dirname = b''
+                basename = f
+            else:
+                dirname, basename = f.rsplit(b'/', 1)
+                dirname = b'/' + dirname
+            if info is None:
+                builders[dirname].remove(pycompat.fsdecode(basename))
+            else:
+                n, fl = info
+                mode = {
+                    b'': pygit2.GIT_FILEMODE_BLOB,
+                    b'x': pygit2.GIT_FILEMODE_BLOB_EXECUTABLE,
+                    b'l': pygit2.GIT_FILEMODE_LINK,
+                }[fl]
+                builders[dirname].insert(
+                    pycompat.fsdecode(basename), gitutil.togitnode(n), mode
+                )
+        # This visits the buffered TreeBuilders in deepest-first
+        # order, bubbling up the edits.
+        for b in sorted(builders, key=len, reverse=True):
+            if b == b'':
+                break
+            cb = builders[b]
+            dn, bn = b.rsplit(b'/', 1)
+            builders[dn].insert(
+                pycompat.fsdecode(bn), cb.write(), pygit2.GIT_FILEMODE_TREE
+            )
+        return builders[b''].write().raw

tests/test-git-interop.t

@@ -0,0 +1,223 b''
+This test requires pygit2:
+  > $PYTHON -c 'import pygit2' || exit 80
+
+Setup:
+  > GIT_AUTHOR_NAME='test'; export GIT_AUTHOR_NAME
+  > GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL='[e-mail]'; export GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL
+  > GIT_AUTHOR_DATE="2007-01-01 00:00:00 +0000"; export GIT_AUTHOR_DATE
+  > GIT_COMMITTER_NAME="$GIT_AUTHOR_NAME"; export GIT_COMMITTER_NAME
+  > GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL="$GIT_AUTHOR_EMAIL"; export GIT_COMMITTER_EMAIL
+  > GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="$GIT_AUTHOR_DATE"; export GIT_COMMITTER_DATE
+
+  > count=10
+  > gitcommit() {
+  >    GIT_AUTHOR_DATE="2007-01-01 00:00:$count +0000";
+  >    GIT_COMMITTER_DATE="$GIT_AUTHOR_DATE"
+  >    git commit "$@" >/dev/null 2>/dev/null || echo "git commit error"
+  >    count=`expr $count + 1`
+  >  }
+
+  > echo "[extensions]" >> $HGRCPATH
+  > echo "git=" >> $HGRCPATH
+
+Make a new repo with git:
+  $ mkdir foo
+  $ cd foo
+  $ git init
+  Initialized empty Git repository in $TESTTMP/foo/.git/
+Ignore the .hg directory within git:
+  $ echo .hg >> .git/info/exclude
+  $ echo alpha > alpha
+  $ git add alpha
+  $ gitcommit -am 'Add alpha'
+  $ echo beta > beta
+  $ git add beta
+  $ gitcommit -am 'Add beta'
+  $ echo gamma > gamma
+  $ git status
+  On branch master
+  Untracked files:
+    (use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed)
+  	gamma
+  
+  nothing added to commit but untracked files present (use "git add" to track)
+
+Without creating the .hg, hg status fails:
+  $ hg status
+  abort: no repository found in '$TESTTMP/foo' (.hg not found)!
+  [255]
+But if you run hg init --git, it works:
+  $ hg init --git
+  $ hg id --traceback
+  3d9be8deba43 tip master
+  $ hg status
+  ? gamma
+Log works too:
+  $ hg log
+  changeset:   1:3d9be8deba43
+  bookmark:    master
+  tag:         tip
+  user:        test <[e-mail]>
+  date:        Mon Jan 01 00:00:11 2007 +0000
+  summary:     Add beta
+  
+  changeset:   0:c5864c9d16fb
+  user:        test <[e-mail]>
+  date:        Mon Jan 01 00:00:10 2007 +0000
+  summary:     Add alpha
+  
+
+
+and bookmarks:
+  $ hg bookmarks
+   * master                    1:3d9be8deba43
+
+diff even works transparently in both systems:
+  $ echo blah >> alpha
+  $ git diff
+  diff --git a/alpha b/alpha
+  index 4a58007..faed1b7 100644
+  --- a/alpha
+  +++ b/alpha
+  @@ -1* +1,2 @@ (glob)
+   alpha
+  +blah
+  $ hg diff --git
+  diff --git a/alpha b/alpha
+  --- a/alpha
+  +++ b/alpha
+  @@ -1,1 +1,2 @@
+   alpha
+  +blah
+
+Remove a file, it shows as such:
+  $ rm alpha
+  $ hg status
+  ! alpha
+  ? gamma
+
+Revert works:
+  $ hg revert alpha --traceback
+  $ hg status
+  ? gamma
+  $ git status
+  On branch master
+  Untracked files:
+    (use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed)
+  	gamma
+  
+  nothing added to commit but untracked files present (use "git add" to track)
+
+Add shows sanely in both:
+  $ hg add gamma
+  $ hg status
+  A gamma
+  $ hg files
+  alpha
+  beta
+  gamma
+  $ git ls-files
+  alpha
+  beta
+  gamma
+  $ git status
+  On branch master
+  Changes to be committed:
+    (use "git restore --staged <file>..." to unstage)
+  	new file:   gamma
+  
+
+forget does what it should as well:
+  $ hg forget gamma
+  $ hg status
+  ? gamma
+  $ git status
+  On branch master
+  Untracked files:
+    (use "git add <file>..." to include in what will be committed)
+  	gamma
+  
+  nothing added to commit but untracked files present (use "git add" to track)
+
+clean up untracked file
+  $ rm gamma
+
+hg log FILE
+
+  $ echo a >> alpha
+  $ hg ci -m 'more alpha' --traceback --date '1583522787 18000'
+  $ echo b >> beta
+  $ hg ci -m 'more beta'
+  $ echo a >> alpha
+  $ hg ci -m 'even more alpha'
+  $ hg log -G alpha
+  @  changeset:   4:6626247b7dc8
+  :  bookmark:    master
+  :  tag:         tip
+  :  user:        test <test>
+  :  date:        Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+  :  summary:     even more alpha
+  :
+  o  changeset:   2:a1983dd7fb19
+  :  user:        test <test>
+  :  date:        Fri Mar 06 14:26:27 2020 -0500
+  :  summary:     more alpha
+  :
+  o  changeset:   0:c5864c9d16fb
+     user:        test <[e-mail]>
+     date:        Mon Jan 01 00:00:10 2007 +0000
+     summary:     Add alpha
+  
+  $ hg log -G beta
+  o  changeset:   3:d8ee22687733
+  :  user:        test <test>
+  :  date:        Thu Jan 01 00:00:00 1970 +0000
+  :  summary:     more beta
+  :
+  o  changeset:   1:3d9be8deba43
+  |  user:        test <[e-mail]>
+  ~  date:        Mon Jan 01 00:00:11 2007 +0000
+     summary:     Add beta
+  
+
+node|shortest works correctly
+  $ hg log -r tip --template "{node|shortest}\n"
+  6626
+
+hg annotate
+
+  $ hg annotate alpha
+  0: alpha
+  2: a
+  4: a
+  $ hg annotate beta
+  1: beta
+  3: b
+
+
+Files in subdirectories. TODO: case-folding support, make this `A`
+instead of `a`.
+
+  $ mkdir a
+  $ echo "This is file mu." > a/mu
+  $ hg ci -A -m 'Introduce file a/mu'
+  adding a/mu
+
+Both hg and git agree a/mu is part of the repo
+
+  $ git ls-files
+  a/mu
+  alpha
+  beta
+  $ hg files
+  a/mu
+  alpha
+  beta
+
+hg and git status both clean
+
+  $ git status
+  On branch master
+  nothing to commit, working tree clean
+  $ hg status
+

setup.py

@@ -1211,6 +1211,7 b' packages = ['
     'hgext.fsmonitor',
     'hgext.fastannotate',
     'hgext.fsmonitor.pywatchman',
+    'hgext.git',
     'hgext.highlight',
     'hgext.hooklib',
     'hgext.infinitepush',